Pluto (mythology) - Knowledge

3454: 601: 845: 22: 2234:, persuaded Saturn not to give way to his brother in the matter. Titan was less good-looking than Saturn; for that reason, and also because he could see his mother and sisters working to have it so, he conceded the kingship to Saturn, and came to terms with him: if Saturn had a male child born to him, it would not be reared. This was done to secure reversion of the kingship to Titan's children. They then killed the first son that was born to Saturn. Next came twin children, Jupiter and Juno. Juno was given to Saturn to see while Jupiter was secretly removed and given to Vesta to be brought up without Saturn's knowledge. In the same way without Saturn knowing, Ops bore 3469: 235: 981: 2122:, and the great benefactor of the inhabitants of the other world; and even to us who are upon earth he sends from below exceeding blessings. For he has much more than he wants down there; wherefore he is called Pluto (or the rich). Note also, that he will have nothing to do with men while they are in the body, but only when the soul is liberated from the desires and evils of the body. Now there is a great deal of philosophy and reflection in that; for in their liberated state he can bind them with the desire of virtue, but while they are flustered and maddened by the body, not even father 3215: 2007: 1574: 2714: 1329: 372: 14997: 1362:. Unlike Plouton, Hades never holds agrarian attributes such as stalks of grain. His chest is usually bare or only partly covered, whereas Plouton is fully robed (exceptions, however, are admitted by the author). Plouton stands, often in the company of both Demeter and Kore, or sometimes one of the goddesses, but Hades almost always sits or reclines, usually with Persephone facing him. "Confusion and disagreement" about the interpretation of these images remain. 1876: 1382: 7792: 4860:

Tartarean sisters: she assumes so many forms, her features are so savage, she sports so many black vipers. Juno roused her with these words, saying: 'Grant me a favour of my own, virgin daughter of Night, this service, so that my honour and glory are not weakened, and give way, and the people of Aeneas cannot woo Latinus with intermarriage, or fill the bounds of Italy(Aeneid 7.323 – Verg. A. 7.334 ).

793:), not his wife Persephone.The lack of a clear distinction between Pluto and "chthonic Zeus" confuses the question of whether in some traditions, now obscure, Persephone bore children to her husband. In the late 4th century AD, Claudian's epic on the abduction motivates Pluto with a desire for children. The poem is unfinished, however, and anything Claudian may have known of these traditions is lost. 3211:, a form of ballet with vocal numbers, Cupid invokes Pluto from the underworld to lay claim to "ungrateful" women who were immune to love. Pluto's part is considered particularly virtuosic, and a reviewer at the première described the character, who appeared as if from a blazing Inferno, as "formidable and awesome in sight, with garments as given him by poets, but burdened with gold and jewels." 2589: 3730:, where the character Ciccio acts as Pluto to Alvina's Persephone, "the deathly-lost bride ... paradoxically obliterated and vitalised at the same time by contact with Pluto/Dis" in "a prelude to the grand design of rebirth." The darkness of Pluto is both a source of regeneration, and of "merciless annihilation." Lawrence takes up the theme elsewhere in his work; in 2456: 354:...," it has been noted, "cannot be accidental. Plouton is lord of the dead, but as Persephone's husband he has serious claims to the powers of fertility." Demeter's son Plutus merges in the narrative tradition with her son-in-law Pluto, redefining the implacable chariot-driver Hades whose horses trample the flowering earth. 2074:. The play also draws on beliefs and imagery from Orphic and Dionysiac cult, and rituals pertaining to Ploutos (Plutus, "wealth"). In a fragment from another play by Aristophanes, a character "is comically singing of the excellent aspects of being dead", asking in reference to the tripartition of sovereignty over the world: 2114:), and his name means "giver of wealth, which comes out of the earth beneath". Because the name Hades is taken to mean "the invisible", people fear what they cannot see; although they are in error about the nature of this deity's power, Socrates says, "the office and name of the God really correspond": 2733:

sought to discredit the competing gods of Roman and Hellenistic religions, often adopting the euhemerizing approach in regarding them not as divinities, but as people glorified through stories and cultic practices and thus not true deities worthy of worship. The infernal gods, however, retained their

960:, who wishes to return to the world of the living. "You are then in love with life?", Pluto asks. "Such lovers we have here in plenty; but they love an object, which none of them can obtain." Protesilaus explains, like an Orpheus in reverse, that he has left behind a young bride whose memory even the 2808:

Medieval mythographies, written in Latin, continue the conflation of Greek and Roman deities begun by the ancient Romans themselves. Perhaps because the name Pluto was used in both traditions, it appears widely in these Latin sources for the classical ruler of the underworld, who is also seen as the

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Authors tell the fable that Ceres was Proserpina's mother, and that Proserpina while playing one day was kidnapped by Pluto. Her mother searched for her with lighted torches; and it was decreed by Jupiter that the mother should have her daughter for fifteen days in the month, but Pluto for the rest,

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homo terribilis in solio sulphureo sedens, sceptrum regni in manu tenens dextra: sinistra, animam constringes, cui tricipitem Cerberum sub pedibus collocabant, & iuxta se tres Harpyias habebat. De throno aurê eius sulphureo quatuor flumina manabunt, quae scilicet Lethum, Cocytû, Phlegethontem,

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that depicts scenes from or relating to the mysteries. In Clinton's schema, Plouton is a mature man, sometimes even white-haired; Hades is also usually bearded and mature, but his darkness is emphasized in literary descriptions, represented in art by dark hair. Plouton's most common attribute is a

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In this theogony, which Ennius introduced into Latin literature, Saturn, "Titan," Vesta, Ceres, and Ops are siblings; Glauca is the twin of Pluto and dies mysteriously young. There are several mythological figures named Glauca; the sister of Pluto may be the Glauca who in Cicero's account of the

363:, line 465–469: "Pray to Zeus of the Earth and to pure Demeter to make Demeter's holy grain sound and heavy, when first you begin ploughing, when you hold in your hand the end of the plough-tail and bring down your stick on the backs of the oxen as they draw on the pole-bar by the yoke-straps." 2238:

and hid him away. In her third labor Ops bore another set of twins, Pluto and Glauce. (Pluto in Latin is Dis pater; some call him Orcus.) Saturn was shown his daughter Glauce but his son Pluto was hidden and removed. Glauce then died young. That is the pedigree, as written, of Jupiter and his

448:, considered Pluto a Greek god to be explained in terms of the Roman equivalents Dis Pater and Orcus. It is unclear whether Pluto had a literary presence in Rome before Ennius. Some scholars think that rituals and beliefs pertaining to Pluto entered Roman culture with the establishment of the 4859:

When she had spoken these words, fearsome, she sought the earth: and summoned Allecto, the grief-bringer, from the house of the Fatal Furies, from the infernal shadows: in whose mind are sad wars, angers and deceits, and guilty crimes. A monster, hated by her own father Pluto, hateful to her

2489:, "Pluto the Sun" and "Kore the Moon." The status of Pluto and Kore as a divine couple is marked by what the text describes as a "linen embroidered bridal curtain." The two are placed as bride and groom within an enclosed temple, separately from the other deities cultivated at the sanctuary. 7726:

The relevant passage (21) is: "This appears from the names, in themselves opposite and contradictory. He is called Apollo, another is called Pluto; he is Delius (apparent), the other Aidoneus (invisible); he is Phoebus (bright), the other Skotios (full of darkness); by his side are the

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before ascending to the ether. Seneca's contemporary Cornutus made use of the traditional etymology of Pluto's name for Stoic theology. The Stoics believed that the form of a word contained the original truth of its meaning, which over time could become corrupted or obscured.

905:. The myth demonstrates the importance of Pluto "the Rich" as the possessor of a quest-object. Orpheus performing before Pluto and Persephone was a common subject of ancient and later Western literature and art, and one of the most significant mythological themes of the 1744:

The tradition of the mystery religions favors Pluton/Hades as a loving and faithful partner to Persephone, but one ancient myth that preserves a lover for him parallels the abduction and also has a vegetative aspect. A Roman source says that Pluto fell in love with

3511: 1616:(Earth) produced the narcissus at Zeus's request as a snare for Persephone; when she grasps it, a chasm opens up and the "Host to Many" (Hades) seizes her. Narcissus wreaths were used in early times to crown Demeter and Persephone, as well as the Furies ( 995:

As Pluto gained importance as an embodiment of agricultural wealth within the Eleusinian Mysteries, from the 5th century BC onward the name Hades was increasingly reserved for the underworld as a place. Neither Hades nor Pluto was one of the traditional

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Spenser plays on the conflation of Pluto and Plutus: "but a little stride ... did the house of Richesse from hell-mouth divide" and "Here Sleep, there Richesse, and Hel-gate them both betwext" (24.5), as noted by Thomas E. Maresca, entry on "Hell",

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is fear-provoking. The name was understood as referring to "the boundless riches of the earth, both the crops on its surface—he was originally a god of the land—and the mines hidden within it." What is sometimes taken as "confusion" of the two gods

5185:(Northwestern University Press, 1987), pp. 95–97. Lucian's dialogue has sometimes been referenced as a model for the premature loss of love between an active man carried suddenly into death and his young wife; see for instance Alfred Woltmann, 964:'s waters of forgetting have not erased from him. Pluto assures him that death will reunite them someday, but Protesilaus argues that Pluto himself should understand love and its impatience, and reminds the king of his grant to Orpheus and to 328:: "fine Plutus, who goes upon the whole earth and the broad back of the sea, and whoever meets him and comes into his hands, that man he makes rich, and he bestows much wealth upon him." The union of Demeter and Iasion, described also in the 7408:(Dianae item plures: prima Iovis et Proserpinae, quae pinnatum Cupidinem genuisse dicitur; secunda notior, quam Iove tertio et Latona natam accepimus; tertiae pater Upis traditur, Glauce mater: eam saepe Graeci Upim paterno nomine appellant) 640:, which treated Pluto and Persephone as a divine couple who received initiates in the afterlife; as such, Pluto was disassociated from the "violent abductor" of Kore. Two early works that give the abductor god's name as Pluto are the Greek 1205:, with Hades typically referring to the underworld as a place, and Pluto regularly invoked as the partner of Persephone. Five Latin curse tablets from Rome, dating to the mid-1st century BC, promise Persephone and Pluto an offering of " 2331:) of matter. After the separation of this heavy element in the middle part of the egg the waters flow together, which they call Poseidon. The purest and noblest element, the fire, is called Zeus, because its nature is glowing (ζέουσα, 2852:

an intimidating personage sitting on a throne of sulphur, holding the scepter of his realm in his right hand, and with his left strangling a soul. Under his feet three-headed Cerberus held a position, and beside him he had three

2691:, a royal Pluto." This demiurgic figure identified with Pluto is also "'a purifier of souls' who presides over the magic of love and generation and who uses a fantastic counter-art to mock, but also ... to supplement, the divine 2178:(4th century BC), the gods were treated as mortal rulers whose deeds were immortalized by tradition. Ennius translated Euhemerus into Latin about a hundred years later, and a passage from his version was in turn preserved by the 2919:

to refer specifically to Plutus as the god of wealth who would preside over the torment of those who hoarded or squandered it in life. Dante's Pluto is greeted as "the great enemy" and utters the famously impenetrable line

1741:), since the botanical tree is dark, is symbolic, evoking the white garments worn by initiates or the clothing of a corpse, or the pallor of the dead. In Orphic funeral rites, it was forbidden to make coffins of cypress. 4872:

Men speak of twin plagues, named the Dread Ones, whom Night bore untimely, in one birth with Tartarean Megaera, wreathing them equally in snaky coils, and adding wings swift as the wind.)." ( Aeneid 12. 845 – 12. 848 ff

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writers had identified the classical underworld with Hell, and its denizens as demons or devils. In the Renaissance, the bident became a conventional attribute of Pluto. In an influential ceiling mural depicting the

7752:, conclusion presented on p. 119. Thompson bases his argument on the particular collocation of deities at the sanctuary, and explicating theological details in the inscription through comparative material. See also 5241:(Brill, 2000), pp. 125–126. A point of varying emphasis is whether the idea of Plouton as a god of wealth was a later development, or an inherent part of his nature, owing to the underground storage of grain in the 8105:(Ashgate Publishing, 2010), p. 106. In his earlier edition, translation, and commentary of the work, Dass gives "Speak, most wondrous of cities, of the gift the Danes brought for you, / Those friends of Pluto", in 421:("Wealth") held or acquired a theological significance in antiquity. As a lord of abundance or riches, Pluto expresses the aspect of the underworld god that was positive, symbolized in art by the "horn of plenty" ( 3740:), Connie Chatterley sees herself as a Persephone and declares "she'd rather be married to Pluto than Plato," casting her earthy gamekeeper lover as the former and her philosophy-spouting husband as the latter. 7499:– swallows this heavy matter. The middle part, covering the first sediment, becomes Poseidon. The upper part of the egg, being purer and lighter, fiery in nature, goes upward and is called Zeus, and so forth." 2420:

traditions, Pluto was allegorized as the region where souls are purified, located between the Moon (as represented by Persephone) and the Sun. Neoplatonists sometimes interpreted the Eleusinian Mysteries as a

1541:, "bluish grey," "greenish" or "sea-colored," which might describe the plant's leaves. Because the color could describe the sky, Cornutus regularly gives it divine connotations. Pluto's twin sister was named 7495:, p. 151, summarizes this version as follows: "The story starts with Chaos; then comes the egg; the bottom part of the egg submerges and becomes Pluton, and Kronos – not a separate god but identified with 3339:(1680), which includes a duo dramatizing the conflict between the royal underworld couple that is notable for its early use of musical characterization. Perhaps the most famous of the Orpheus operas is 1753:, "White"), the most beautiful of the nymphs, and abducted her to live with him in his realm. After the long span of her life came to its end, he memorialized their love by creating a white tree in the 2353:. And by this artistic intelligence the etherial artificer creates the whole world. This world is surrounded by the air, which extends from Zeus, the very hot ether, to the earth; this air is called 4842:

that give two different genealogies of the Eumenides, one making them the offspring of Persephone and Pluto (or Hades) and the other reporting a prophecy that they were to be born to Persephone and

1111:, but other ancient sources distinguish between these two underworld deities. In the Mysteries Eubouleus plays the role of a torchbearer, possibly a guide for the initiate's return. In the view of 7452:(Cambridge University Press, 2004), p. 151, has noted that "one cannot establish a linear descent between the different versions"; though efforts to do so have been made, "we cannot find a single 632:

in both these works, the ruler of the underworld is named as Hades ("the Hidden One"). Hades is an unsympathetic figure, and Persephone's unwillingness is emphasized. Increased usage of the name

2315:, yielding a distinctive role for Pluto. When the primordial elements came together by orderly cyclonic force, they produced a generative sphere, the "egg" from which the primeval Orphic entity 1438:

was laid on the tongue of initiates by priests at Eleusis and was a symbol of the revelation they were obligated to keep secret. A key is among the attributes of other infernal deities such as

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to its former glory. Pluto is a silent presence onstage for about 600 lines presiding over a contest among the tragedians, then announces that the winner has the privilege of returning to the

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in relating the tripartite division of sovereignty, the abduction of Persephone, and the visit of Orpheus to the underworld. This version of the theogony for the most part follows Hesiod (see

7735:, with the other are Oblivion and Silence; he is Theorius and Phanæus, the other is 'King of dim Night and ineffectual Sleep'." See also Frederick E. Brenk, "Plutarch's Middle Platonic God," 1548:

Ambiguity of color is characteristic of Pluto. Although both he and his realm are regularly described as dark, black, or gloomy, the god himself is sometimes seen as pale or having a pallor.

3540:. Dürer's first English biographer called this work "a wild, weird conception" that "produces a most uncomfortable, shuddering impression on the beholder." The source or significance of the 2942:). Dante's clear distinction between Pluto and Dis suggests that he had Plutus in mind in naming the former. The city of Dis is the "citadel of Lower Hell" where the walls are garrisoned by 2153:

In ordering his ideal city, Plato proposed a calendar in which Pluto was honored as a benefactor in the twelfth month, implicitly ranking him as one of the twelve principal deities. In the

1765:), the leaves of which are white on one side and dark on the other, representing the duality of upper and underworld. A wreath of white poplar leaves was fashioned by Heracles to mark his 621:

The best-known myth involving Pluto or Hades is the abduction of Persephone, also known as Kore ("the Maiden"). The earliest literary versions of the myth are a brief mention in Hesiod's

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One source of Christian revulsion toward the chthonic gods was the arena. Attendants in divine costume, among them a "Pluto" who escorted corpses out, were part of the ceremonies of the

4512:, edited by Sarah Iles Johnston (Harvard University Press, 2004), p. 479. Philo's cosmogony as summarized by Eusebius bears some similarities to that of Hesiod and the Orphics; see 824:

invents a daughter for Pluto whom he calls Lucifera. The character's name was taken from the 16th-century mythography of Natale Conti, who used it as the Latin translation of Greek

6143:(Routledge, 2003), p. 105, characterizing Pliny's entry on the plant as "confused." The correspondence of ancient plant names to modern species is always uncertain. Both the Greek 8790:(Ashgate, 2009), p. 290. The court of Pluto continued to inspire public pageantry into the late 19th century, when floats such as the "blazing 'Palace of Pluto'" were part of the 3630: 3165:

The tragic descent of the hero-musician Orpheus to the underworld to retrieve his bride, and his performance at the court of Pluto and Proserpina, offered compelling material for

3110:, the deities and personifications are "apparelled as medieval nobility" basking in the "magnyfycence" of their "lord Pluto," who is clad in a "smoky net" and reeking of sulphur. 2930:

to give and take away. Entrance into the fourth circle has marked a downward turn in the poet's journey, and the next landmark after he and his guide cross from the circle is the

3592:. The three gods hover around a translucent globe that represents the world: Jupiter with his eagle, Neptune holding a bident, and Pluto accompanied by a bluish-gray horse and a 1779:. Like other plants associated with Pluto, white poplar was regarded as a contraceptive in antiquity. The relation of this tree to the white cypress of the mysteries is debated. 1312:, as confirmed by archaeological investigations during the 1960s. It too was a dream oracle. The sites often seem to have been chosen because the presence of naturally occurring 874:." Mythologized for his ability to entrance even animals and trees with his music, he was also credited in antiquity with the authorship of the lyrics that have survived as the 1847:

is thought to account for this attribution of the helmet to the ruler of the underworld, since no ancient narratives record his use or possession of it. Later authors such as

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advises farmers to pray to "Zeus Chthonius and to holy Demeter that they may cause the holy corn of Demeter to teem in full perfection." This form of Zeus receives the black

895:, relying on the power of his music to charm the king and queen of Hades. Greek narratives of Orpheus's descent and performance typically name the ruler of the underworld as 2979:

as a place of condemnation and torment, and describes it as "derk and lowe" ("dark and low"). But Pluto's major appearance in the works of Chaucer comes as a character in "

1378:, keys, throne, and horses. In the hymn, the keys are connected to his capacity for giving wealth to humanity, specifically the agricultural wealth of "the year's fruits." 4005:

9.158–159. Euphemism is a characteristic way of speaking of divine figures associated with the dead and the underworld; Joseph William Hewitt, "The Propitiation of Zeus,"

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the "brother of Jove," that is, Hades/Pluto/Dis, an indication that the distinctions among these denizens of the underworld were becoming blurred in a Christian context.

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in 1462 featured characters costumed as a number of classical deities, including Pluto, and Pluto was the subject of one of seven pageants presented as part of the 1521

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125–after 180 AD) suggests that Pluto's love for his wife gave the ruler of the underworld a special sympathy or insight into lovers parted by death. In one of Lucian's

5396:. 400 BC), which refers again to Hades as a place ("what you are seeking in the darkness of murky Hades", line 9), with the king of the underworld (ὑποχθονίοι βασιλεϊ, 8837: 5813:

Frederick E. Brenk, "Jerusalem-Hierapolis. The Revolt under Antiochos IV Epiphanes in the Light of Evidence for Hierapolis of Phrygia, Babylon, and Other Cities," in

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The recurring phrase "house of Hades" (῾Αΐδαο δόμος) can be read ambiguously as either the divine being or the place, or both. In the numbering of Graf and Johnston,

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designed a set with a rotating mountain that opened up to reveal Pluto emerging from the underworld; the drawing survives and was the basis for a modern recreation.

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appears in Greek metrical inscriptions. Two fragmentary tablets greet Pluto and Persephone jointly, and the divine couple appear as welcoming figures in a metrical

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for the mysteries had a ploutonion regarded as the birthplace of the divine child Ploutos, in another instance of conflation or close association of the two gods.

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is again the name of the place, here described as "windless," and its gates, through which Pluto carried "pure Demeter's daughter" as his bride, are located in an

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respectively. Hades, by contrast, had few temples and religious practices associated with him, and he is portrayed as the dark and violent abductor of Persephone.

8319:(lines 1510–1511), Chaucer explicitly acknowledges his debt to Claudian "That bar up al the fame of helle, / Of Pluto, and of Proserpyne," as noted by Radford, 15397: 9859: 1232:

and found in a tomb addresses a Pasianax, "Lord to All," sometimes taken as a title of Pluto, but more recently thought to be a magical name for the corpse.

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describes him as incapable of tears. Claudian, however, portrays the steely god as succumbing to Orpheus's song so that "with iron cloak he wipes his tears"

1358:, but he also often holds a full or overflowing cornucopia; Hades sometimes holds a horn, but it is depicted with no contents and should be understood as a 151:, who is the major Greek source on its significance. Under the name Pluto, the god appears in other myths in a secondary role, mostly as the possessor of a 5797: 3149:. During the 15th century, no mythological theme was brought to the stage more often than Orpheus's descent, with the court of Pluto inspiring fantastical 1276:

record an altar of Pluto, which was to be "plastered", that is, resurfaced for a new round of sacrifices at Eleusis. One of the known ploutonia was in the

6522:(Cambridge University Press, 1999), p. 277, noting that "the association of lush vegetation ... with female 'otherness' and sexuality has a long history." 6295:(Cornell University Press, 1987), p. 166, note to Seneca's identical description of the horses of the Sun (line 132). Ovid describes the horses as black 5417: 1415:

and Pluto. Pluto holds a key because "they say that what is called Hades has been locked up by Pluto, and that nobody will return back again therefrom."

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describes a rite in which the sun appears at midnight to the initiate at the gates of Proserpina; it has been suggested that this midnight sun could be

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This cosmogony interprets Hesiod allegorically, and so the heaviest element is identified not as the Earth, but as the netherworld of Pluto. (In modern

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as the form of transport is unclear; Dürer's preparatory drawing showed a conventional horse. Pluto seems to be presented in a manner that recalls the

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Terrena autem vis omnis atque natura Diti patri dedicata est, qui dives, ut apud Graecos Πλούτων quia et recidunt omnia in terras et oriuntur e terris

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are described as the brothers of Jove; 4.10, in noting their three-way division of sovereignty over the earth and with Proserpina as Pluto's spouse

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2.9. Conti's sources on this point are unclear, and he thoroughly conflates traditions pertaining to the various classical rulers of the underworld.

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8.3.14) of the ruler of the underworld under the name of Hades, but no ancient source records Pluto in this role; Conti, however, describes Minthē

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to return to him. When Persephone intercedes for the dead warrior, Pluto grants the request at once, though allowing only one day for the reunion.

2050:, 405 BC), in which "the Eleusinian colouring is in fact so pervasive," the ruler of the underworld is one of the characters, under the name of 1179:

The hymn is one of several examples of Greco-Roman prayer that express a desire for the presence of a deity, and has been compared to a similar

1115:, Eubouleus was originally a title referring to the "good counsel" the ruler of the underworld was able to give and which was sought at Pluto's 722:

below). Narrative details from Ovid and Claudian influence these later versions in which the abductor is named as Pluto, especially the role of

15402: 4692:, where the ruler of the underworld is referred to as "Pluto" in the English commentary, but as "Dis" or with other epithets in the Latin text. 807:

records a tradition in which Pluto was the father of the divine personification Veneratio ("Reverence"), noting that she had no mother because

8515:(line 553): "And moody Pluto winks while Orpheus plays." Shakespeare also uses the name of Roman Dis, as in Perdita's catalogue of flowers in 7244:(Cambridge University Press, 2004), p. 51. Hesychius notes that Isodaites may alternatively refer to a son of Pluto as well as Pluto himself. 6548: 4496: 4082:, pp. 452–453; John J. Hermann, Jr., "Demeter-Isis or the Egyptian Demeter? A Graeco-Roman Sculpture from an Egyptian Workshop in Boston" in 5225:, p. 102. The shift may have begun as early as the 6th century. The earliest evidence of the assimilation of Hades and Ploutos/Plouton is a 3791: 5874: 4688: 68:, which became more common as the name of the underworld itself. Pluto represents a more positive concept of the god who presides over the 5878:

does not distinguish between Hades and Plouton, and combines evidence for either in a single entry. The only vase to label the Eleusinian

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Hewitt, "The Propitiation of Zeus," p. 74, asserts that "Zeus Catachthonius seems certainly to be Pluto." Other deities to whom the title

4617:(Editions Rodopi, 2007), p. 24. For an extensive comparison of Ovid's two treatments of the myth, with reference to versions such as the 3177:. Pluto also appears in works based on other classical myths of the underworld. As a singing role, Pluto is almost always written for a 2409:, "to be wealthy," Cornutus said, because "all things are corruptible and therefore are 'ultimately consigned to him as his property.'" 1945:

is sometimes identified as a "chthonic Zeus." That the trident and bident might be somewhat interchangeable is suggested by a Byzantine

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addresses the god as "strong-spirited" and the "All-Receiver" who commands death and is the master of mortals. His titles are given as

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identifies Pluto with Dis, explaining that "The earth in all its power and plenty is sacred to Father Dis, a name which is the same as

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And so it was when Demeter of the lovely hair, yielding / to her desire, lay down with Iasion and loved him / in a thrice-turned field

15146: 9864: 4257:(Cambridge University Press, 2003) discusses this passage (pp. 126–127) and Greco-Roman concepts of the underworld as a context for 3494:

of Cesare Ripa (1593, second edition 1603) presents the allegorical figure of Rape with a shield on which the abduction is painted.

1552:(5th century) describes him as both "growing pale in shadow, a fugitive from light" and actively "shedding darkness in the gloom of 14558: 13584: 9278: 7608: 5311: 3720:, in which women were consigned to "an endless breaking ... on the wheel of biological reproduction." A similar figure is found in 2481:

describes a 1st–2nd century sanctuary to "God Himself" as the most exalted of a group of six deities, including clothed statues of

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causes the matter left in the sphere to settle in relation to weight, creating the tripartite world of the traditional theogonies:

6657:(not named as Pluto), was transformed by Persephone into the mint plant, a major ingredient in the ritual drink of the mysteries ( 1900:, though the ornamented tip of his scepter may have been misunderstood at times as a bident. In the Roman world, the bident (from 1632:, the flower is created when a beautiful, self-absorbed youth rejects sexuality and is condemned to perpetual self-love along the 15450: 14521: 11151: 2922: 2569: 1320:

was considered an entrance to the underworld that produced toxic vapors, but Strabo seems not to think that it was a ploutonion.

8226:(Bantam Dell, 2004, originally published 1980), p. 357. In modern Italian, the name of the classical ruler of the underworld is 3453: 3080:. The Christian perception of the classical underworld as Hell influenced Golding's translation practices; for instance, Ovid's 2092:

To Plato, the god of the underworld was "an agent in beneficent cycle of death and rebirth" meriting worship under the name of

131:

sovereign over the sea. His central narrative in myth is of him abducting Persephone to be his wife and the queen of his realm.

9917: 8393: 4338: 3101:", Pluto rules over a congregation of "classical gods and demigods, biblical devils, and evil Christians." In the 15th-century 2327:

Its lower part, the heaviest element, sinks downwards, and is called Pluto because of its gravity, weight, and great quantity (

1934:

as he attempts to invade Pylos. Seneca calls Dis the "Infernal Jove" or the "dire Jove" (the Jove who gives dire or ill omens,

1909: 1222: 4416: 1653:), was taken in antiquity to refer to the fern's ability to repel water. The plant, which grew in wet places, was also called 1581:, frequently linked to the myth of Persephone, who was snatched into the Underworld by the god Hades while picking the flowers 9922: 8033: 5815:

Relighting the Souls: Studies in Plutarch, in Greek Literature, Religion, and Philosophy, and in the New Testament Background

1936: 530:), or at least as having functions or significance equivalent to those of Zeus but pertaining to the earth or underworld. In 3304: 1863:

notes the proverbial usage: "the helmet of Pluto, which maketh the politic man go invisible, is secrecy in the counsel, and

13574: 2775: 8693:, p. 25, where Proserpine is described as a flower fairer than those she was gathering and "by gloomy Dis / was gathered." 5770: 4333:

of Nonnus (6.156ff.), by Hewitt, "The Propitiation of Zeus," p. 74, note 7. Overlapping functions are also suggested when

2885:, possibly one Albricus or Alberic, who presents often extensive allegories and devotes his longest chapter, including an 2503:; the sun on its nighttime course was sometimes envisioned as traveling through the underworld on its return to the east. 2434:('you may create'), for all things are created from her. By Proserpina is meant the moon, and her name is on analogy with 1086:

is the ruler who presides over it in a harmonious partnership with Persephone. By the end of the 4th century BC, the name

9703: 3979: 3574:) intended for viewing from below, hence the unusual perspective. Caravaggio created the work for a room adjacent to the 1560:

as suitable for the kingdom he governs. The horses of Pluto are usually black, but Ovid describes them as "sky-colored" (

8705:, edited by Madeleine Forey, (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), p. 164. Pluto rules over Hell throughout Spenser's 8097:

1.21, as noted by Nirmal Dass, "Temporary Otherness and Homiletic History in the Late Carolingian Age: A Reading of the

5583:, perfect in his knowledge of truth and justice, and in his own Orphic hymn the guardian of the "roots" of the sea. See 2608:, Jupiter Plutonius "rules over earth and sea, and it is he who nourishes mortal things that have soul and bear fruit." 2438:('creeping near'), for she is moved nearer to the earth than the other planets. She is called earth's daughter, because 15414: 14516: 13579: 12176: 9805: 5985:

1051 ("Rites they to none betray, / Ere on his lips is laid / Secrecy's golden key / By their own acolytes, / Priestly

4115: 2814: 913: 779: 8210:(Barnes & Noble Classics, 2003), pp. 202–203. Dante may simply be preserving the longstanding conflation of Greek 100:. The couple received souls in the afterlife and are invoked together in religious inscriptions, being referred to as 6106: 6002: 1214: 357:

That the underworld god was associated early on with success in agricultural activity is already evident in Hesiod's

10013: 9476: 8489:(IV.iii, "Pluto's region," and "Pluto sends you word, / If you will have Revenge from hell, you shall"), as also in 12871: 12841: 10105: 9640: 9426: 7863:

53.3 (1999), p. 309, note 15. On the oracle and for the passage in which Aion Plutonius is named, see Irad Malkin,

6777: 6038:, pp. 23–26. Both Persephone (as Persephassa and "Kore out of Tartaros") and Anubis are key-holders throughout the 5069:

throughout, including the myths of his birth, tripartite division of sovereignty over the world, and the abduction.

5010:(University of Toronto Press, 1990, 1997), p. 351, noting that Hecate is called a "phosphor", bringer of light, by 4577: 3682:

After the Renaissance, literary interest in the abduction myth waned until the revival of classical myth among the

2430:

the other fifteen. This is nothing but that the name Ceres is used to mean the earth, called Ceres on analogy with

1958: 1930:("Hercules Enraged"), in which Father Dis, the Roman counterpart of Pluto, uses a three-pronged spear to drive off 1920:. The later notion that the ruler of the underworld wielded a trident or bident can perhaps be traced to a line in 1789: 901: 645: 6721:

awarded white poplar wreaths to child athletes at the games she presented in honor of her husband; Pierre Grimal,

15208: 14306: 10395: 10139: 6115: 5497:

Sometimes read as "father," as in the translation given by Alberto Bernabé and Ana Isabel Jiménez San Cristóbal,

5065:(University of Massachusetts Press, 1976), pp. 13–15. Apollodorus consistently names the ruler of the underworld 1526: 884:. Orpheus's voice and lyre-playing represented a medium of revelation or higher knowledge for the mystery cults. 6069:(Cambridge University Press, 2004), p. 148, note 116. As a possessor of keys, he appears in Apollodorus 3.12.6, 5437:(Stockholm, 1992), p. 111, observing that this presentation in art contrasts with the earliest literary sources. 3761:

is the daughter of Pluto, god of riches. She is one of seven characters with a parent from classical mythology.

5531:

The entry in Hesychius reads: Εὐβουλεύς (sch. Nic. Al. 14) · ὁ Πλούτων. παρὰ δὲ τοῖς πολλοῖς ὁ Ζεὺς ἐν Κυρήνη (

5239:

Man, Meaning, and Mystery: Hundred Years of History of Religions in Norway. The Heritage of W. Brede Kristensen

4800:, p. 102. Robertson holds that in the Orphic tradition, the Eumenides are distinguished from the Furies (Greek 7339:

is regarded as the more likely reading. See Katherine Nell MacFarlane, "Isidore of Seville on the Pagan Gods (

4861: 4725:

2.9, edition of 1651, p. 174) that before the abduction, Pluto was the only childless bachelor among the gods

3126: 15455: 14226: 13589: 11156: 10323: 10194: 9800: 8030:; 4.11, in deriding the allegorizing of divinity in physical cosmogony; and 6.7, in denouncing the mysteries 6807: 4467: 3870: 3495: 8081:

Solmsen, "The Powers of Darkness," pp. 237–257; Frazer, "Hades Stabbed by the Cross of Christ", pp. 153–161.

14551: 10995: 9446: 9271: 8402: 4601: 3704: 2960:, in which "great Dis, great Pluto" is invoked in the company of "all ye devils that lie in deepest hell." 2834: 2612: 7801:

Terrae vero et mari dominatur Iupiter Plutonius, et hic nutritor est animantium mortalium et fructiferarum

7456:

which would occur invariably in all the accounts and could thus create the core of all Orphic theogonies."

7240:, entry on Ἰσοδαίτης, 778 in the 1867 edition of Schmidt, as translated and discussed by Richard Seaford, 4448: 3468: 2671:(1433–99), who translated Orphic texts into Latin for his own use. Ficino saw the sublunar demiurge as "a 844: 483:(1st century AD) makes a distinction between Pluto and Hades. In writing of the mineral wealth of ancient 13525: 10933: 10046: 9451: 8611:

I.iv.11.1, II.vii.24.1, IV.iii.13.2, VI.xii.35.6, applied to Proserpina at I.i.37.4; Pluto named also at

8544:

invokes "Pluto's blue fire" in casting a spell of invisibility on the protagonist. In his translation of

7753: 6001:

by Margaret de G. Verrall (London, 1890), pp. liv–lv. It is unclear whether a literal key is meant, or a

5818: 5579:

may be a cult title here and not the name of the god Eubuleus; elsewhere it is an epithet of the sea god

4940: 4505: 3823: 2988: 2254: 10928: 9871: 8495:(II.iv): "I'll see her damn'd first; – to Pluto's damned lake, by this hand, to th' infernal deep, with 7855:, I.30–33, as cited by Jarl Fossum, "The Myth of the Eternal Rebirth: Critical Notes on G.W. Bowersock, 5603:, p. 52; Pierre Bonnechere, "Trophonius of Lebadea: Mystery Aspects of an Oracular Cult in Boeotia," in 4065:

55 (1951), p. 28, examples in Greek and Roman art in note 98; Hewitt, "The Propitiation of Zeus," p. 65.

4061:(Brill, 1987), p. 179; Phyllis Fray Bober, "Cernunnos: Origin and Transformation of a Celtic Divinity," 1407:

explains the significance of Pluto's key in describing a wondrously carved cedar chest at the Temple of

600: 312:. The male children divide the world into three realms. Hades takes Persephone by force from her mother 15460: 15079: 15053: 13678: 12542: 10442: 10340: 9721: 8733: 8521:(IV.iii): "O Proserpina, / For the flowers now, that, frighted, thou lett'st fall / From Dis's waggon!" 8477:

Shakespeare's references to Pluto are conventional. Pluto is associated with Hell in the "Roman" plays

8203: 8051:(University of Wisconsin Press, 1988), p. 242; Paul-Marie Duval, "Sucellus, the God with a Hammer," in 7967: 4191: 3736: 3582: 3395:

Pluto has also been featured as a role in ballet. In Lully's "Ballet of Seven Planets'" interlude from

3389: 2908: 2769: 2340: 2283:, "where the watery paths of the River Europus flowed, and the water ran into the sea, merged with the 33: 21: 9251: 1345:

Kevin Clinton attempted to distinguish the iconography of Hades, Plouton, Ploutos, and the Eleusinian

15470: 15213: 15048: 13117: 11421: 10218: 9788: 9336: 8974: 7823:(Cambridge University Press, 1992, 2002), p. 83; see also note to the passage p. 245. Influence from 7739:(Walter de Gruyter, 2005), pp. 37–43, on Plutarch's etymological plays that produce these antitheses. 7613:

Reading Religions in the Ancient World: Essays Presented to Robert McQueen Grant on His 90th Birthday

5048:

Claude Calame, "The Authority of Orpheus, Poet and Bard: Between Tradition and Written Practice," in

4513: 3616: 3612: 3585: 3345: 2439: 2067: 2055: 2030: 1776: 1766: 1655: 1462: 1350: 888: 746:(1567), the traditions pertaining to the various rulers of the classical underworld coalesced into a 567: 144: 9949: 8509:(V.ii), where Pluto is also sworn by (III.iv and V.ii). The performance of Orpheus is referenced in 5237:

490 BC, according to Jan N. Bremmer, "W. Brede Kristensen and the Religions of Greece and Rome," in

1469:(κλειδοῦχος), "holder of the keys," and a priestly doorkeeper in the court of Pluto and Persephone. 88:

god Pluto ruled the deep earth that contained the seeds necessary for a bountiful harvest. The name

15480: 15445: 15328: 15307: 15297: 14704: 14567: 13695: 13304: 13264: 13248: 12962: 12891: 11166: 10827: 10617: 9939: 9381: 8617: 6826: 6670: 6581: 6510: 6435: 5664:(Oxford University Press, 1992), p. 12 (examples invoking Pluto pp. 99, 135, 143–144, 207–209) and 5226: 5187: 4945: 4379: 3296: 2664: 2373:.) Supposed etymologies are used to make sense of the relation of physical process to divine name; 2199: 2026: 1931: 980: 531: 263: 234: 136: 10184: 7819:

1.780, where, however, the god is called Dis and not Pluto. Translation from Brian P. Copenhaver,

7406:, is better known. A tradition holds that Upis is the father and Glauca the mother of the third " 3005: 2825:. The classical underworld deities became casually interchangeable with Satan as an embodiment of 15312: 14544: 13993: 13960: 13715: 13033: 12042: 10923: 10867: 10328: 9264: 8573: 7824: 7237: 7127: 4918: 4576:

of Apollodorus. Recent scholarship prefers to view the authorship of this work as anonymous; see

3608: 3369: 2708: 2389: 2319:

is born and the world is formed. The release of Phanes and his ascent to the heavenly top of the

1717:, households in mourning were garlanded with cypress, and it was used to fumigate the air during 1482: 1104: 800: 5834:

Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood, "Reconstructing Change: Ideology and the Eleusinian Mysteries," in

5137: 4604:

also names the ruler of the underworld as Pluto, a practice continued by medieval mythographers.

3673:). Rembrandt's leonine Pluto draws on Claudian's description of the god as like a ravening lion. 15140: 14336: 12846: 12591: 11021: 10023: 9795: 9304: 9287: 8791: 7812: 7604: 6782: 6434:

On the difficulty of identifying precisely which flower the ancients meant by "narcissus," see

6373:(Brill, 1984), vol. 7, p. 106, noting that garlands of flowers were expressly forbidden at the 5998: 5951: 4825: 4445:

Romanising Oriental Gods: Myth, Salvation, and Ethics in the Cults of Cybele, Isis, and Mithras

4436: 4211: 3913: 3748: 3647: 3626: 3309: 3201: 3170: 3134: 3093:

Pluto's court as a literary setting could bring together a motley assortment of characters. In

2980: 2916: 2339:, that was left in the underlying moisture. And when this spirit has reached the summit of the 1725:, a youth was transformed into a cypress, consumed by grief over the accidental death of a pet 1605: 1529:. It grew in humid places. In an obscure passage, Cornutus seems to connect Pluto's wearing of 1404: 852: 718:, and recurs throughout Western art and literature, where the name "Pluto" becomes common (see 703: 605: 13438: 10990: 9831: 7222:(Harvard University Press, 1985, originally published 1977 in German), pp. 231, 336. See also 5737:

Debating the Athenian Cultural Revolution: Art, Literature, Philosophy and Politics 430–380 BC

3522:. The performance of Orpheus in the court of Pluto and Proserpina was also a popular subject. 3291: 3090:

had gone out of his shadowy realm") becomes "the prince of fiends forsook his darksome hole".

1896:

No ancient image of the ruler of the underworld can be said with certainty to show him with a

198:, whose name is most often taken to mean "Rich Father" and is perhaps a direct translation of 115:

differ in character, but they are not distinct figures and share two dominant myths. In Greek

15359: 15256: 14912: 14831: 14579: 12821: 12461: 11073: 10883: 10745: 10112: 9963: 8664: 8532: 8411: 6772: 6422: 5775: 5666: 5657: 5560: 5333: 5307: 5230: 5193: 4678: 4424: 4258: 4199: 3865: 3753: 3545: 3426: 2743: 2308: 2284: 1629: 1273: 1112: 9826: 7465:

J. van Amersfoort, "Traces of an Alexandrian Orphic Theogony in the Pseudo-Clementines," in

7394:

3.58: "Likewise, there are multiple Dianas. The first is said to have been born as a winged

5416:

is also discernible on the "carelessly inscribed" Tablet 38 from a Hellenistic-era grave in

3214: 2455: 1537:, which he derives from the word for "air," perhaps through some association with the color 15354: 15238: 15192: 14982: 14826: 14599: 14296: 14123: 14103: 13683: 13622: 12922: 12552: 12421: 10799: 10587: 10418: 9988: 9846: 9685: 9591: 9411: 9391: 9082: 8669: 8568: 8505: 8420: 8415: 6362: 6071: 6040: 5921:

Catherine M. Keesling, "Endoios's Painting from the Themistoklean Wall: A Reconstruction,"

5889: 5050:

Allusion, Authority, and Truth: Critical Perspectives on Greek Poetic and Rhetorical Praxis

4989: 4428: 3695: 3638: 3414: 3413:

himself danced as Pluto and other characters; it was a spectacular flop. Pluto appeared in

3319: 3106: 3042:

for the classical ruler of the underworld was further established in English literature by

2882: 2726: 2696: 2248:

conceived the third with the equally mysterious Upis. This is the genealogy for Pluto that

1689: 1333: 1198: 637: 610: 539: 535: 191: 93: 4419:(361e): "In fact, men assert that Pluto is none other than Serapis and that Persephone is 2299:

The Orphic theogonies are notoriously varied, and Orphic cosmology influenced the varying

1411:

in Elis. Numerous deities are depicted, with one panel grouping Dionysus, Persephone, the

84:, the Greek god of wealth, because mineral wealth was found underground, and because as a 8: 15475: 15392: 15198: 15084: 15058: 14917: 14766: 14756: 14719: 14371: 14246: 14241: 14118: 14068: 14043: 13796: 13730: 13690: 13502: 12978: 12741: 12406: 12161: 11903: 11513: 11119: 11031: 10632: 10365: 10236: 10144: 9983: 9944: 9899: 9734: 8511: 8023: 7720: 7521: 6886: 6747: 5990: 4830: 4501: 4027: 3691: 3324: 3280: 3118: 3055: 3051: 3009: 2956: 2935: 2810: 2235: 2203: 2130:

Since "the union of body and soul is not better than the loosing," death is not an evil.

2098: 2071: 1913: 1839:

is the only ancient source that explicitly says it belonged to Pluto. The verbal play of

1829: 1660: 1628:, and imminent death; to dream of crowning oneself with narcissus was a bad sign. In the 1428: 1289: 1206: 1068: 906: 867: 747: 219: 8425: 8091:

Dic igitur, praepulchra polis, quod Danea munus / Libavit tibimet soboles Plutonis amica

7832: 4902: 3484:

The abduction of Proserpina by Pluto was the scene from the myth most often depicted by

3000:

1300), Pluto and Proserpina rule over a fantastical world that melds classical myth and

2950:. Pluto is treated likewise as a purely Satanic figure by the 16th-century Italian poet 2857:. From his golden throne of sulphur flowed four rivers, which were called, as is known, 2572:. The relation of Orphic beliefs to the mystic strand of Pythagoreanism, or of these to 2311:(4th century AD) preserves a theogony with explicit Orphic influence that also draws on 1952:

In the Middle Ages, classical underworld figures began to be depicted with a pitchfork.

1649:

in modern nomenclature) is less straightforward. The name, meaning "unmoistened" (Greek

1210: 1047: 706:, however, sometimes supply the more familiar "Pluto" when other epithets appear in the 15271: 14897: 14861: 14821: 14796: 14699: 14679: 14619: 14536: 14341: 14311: 13920: 13735: 13535: 13423: 13063: 13038: 12466: 12375: 11831: 11791: 11601: 11335: 11309: 11239: 11224: 11174: 10964: 10677: 10592: 10375: 10008: 9854: 9783: 9647: 9256: 8517: 8107:

Viking Attacks on Paris: The 'Bella Parisiacae Urbis' of Abbo of Saint-Germain-des-Prés

8018: 8009: 7885: 7712: 7648: 7641: 7348: 7255:

Inconsistencies in Greek and Roman Religion: Transition and Reversal in Myth and Ritual

6599: 6049: 5981: 4371: 4298:

was affixed include Demeter, Persephone, and the Furies; Eugene Lane, "The Epithets of

4210:, where "the people dig as strenuously as if they expected to bring up Pluto himself" ( 3950: 3893: 3713: 3605: 3333: 3314: 3245: 3186: 2972: 2789: 2772:, describes the arena as a place where savage vows were fulfilled on an altar to Pluto 2624: 2443: 2393: 2370: 2316: 2187: 1921: 1064: 863: 763: 14276: 9836: 3712:

portrays Alec d'Urberville as "a grotesque parody of Pluto/Dis" exemplifying the late-

2692: 2006: 799:(2nd century AD) alludes to children of Pluto, but neither names nor enumerates them. 595: 15409: 15369: 15023: 14977: 14851: 14841: 14664: 14644: 14639: 14624: 14331: 14128: 14113: 14098: 14038: 14023: 14018: 13856: 13826: 13740: 13403: 13013: 12676: 12395: 11977: 11375: 11345: 11299: 11184: 10959: 10862: 10737: 10722: 10647: 10003: 9929: 9821: 9622: 8979: 7957: 7852: 7353: 7017: 6257: 6237: 6097: 5247:

that were also used for burial. For a summary of these issues, see Cora Angier Sowa,

4979: 4350: 3507: 3396: 3340: 3190: 3178: 3174: 3154: 2758: 2336: 2272: 2245: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2138:, "divider into equal portions," a title that connects him to the fate goddesses the 1974: 1926: 1814: 1746: 1594: 1578: 1549: 1389: 1060: 816: 723: 711: 614: 571: 504: 495:, it is "Pluto, and not Hades, who inhabits the region down below." In the discourse 343: 206:, like Hades the name of both a god of the underworld and the underworld as a place. 7988:

K.M. Coleman, "Fatal Charades: Roman Executions Staged as Mythological Enactments,"

7975:

19 (1965) 237–257; Margaret English Frazer, "Hades Stabbed by the Cross of Christ,"

7426:, translated by Michael Papio (University of Toronto Press, 2009), pp. 332–333, 355. 7228:(University of California Press, 1983, originally published 1972 in German), p. 143. 7043:

The Secret Language of the Renaissance: Decoding the Hidden Symbolism of Italian Art

6754:(Cambridge University Press, 1925), pp. 420–422; Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal, 3529: 3457: 3422: 2623:

conjectured that this figure results from the integration of the Orphic Phanes into

1313: 1100:

the first and foremost honors, nurse, shall be yours, next to Persephone and Pluto.

968:, who took her husband's place in death and then was permitted at the insistence of 15302: 15033: 14952: 14892: 14751: 14729: 14714: 14447: 14316: 14214: 14108: 14028: 14013: 13890: 13811: 13507: 13476: 13294: 13191: 13083: 12736: 12631: 12109: 12017: 11811: 11781: 11761: 11435: 11304: 11279: 11047: 10547: 10413: 10403: 10380: 10095: 9973: 9877: 9329: 8491: 8485: 8219: 8199: 6987: 6935: 6067:

Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the 'Orphic' Gold Tablets

5752:

Bernard Dietrich, "The Religious Prehistory of Demeter's Eleusinian Mysteries," in

5649: 5305:

record the names of individuals who participated in the ritual at different times:

4520:

Philo said that these were reinterpretations of "Phoenician" beliefs by the Greeks.

4491: 3578: 3519: 3275: 3270: 3265: 2964: 2793: 2656: 2276: 2207: 1890: 1856: 1729:. A "white cypress" is part of the topography of the underworld that recurs in the 1680:. The associations of Proserpine (Persephone) and the maidenhair are alluded to by 1613: 1419:

cites Pausanias in noting that keys are an attribute of Pluto as the scepter is of

1393: 1218: 1165:. The route from Persephone's meadow to Hades crosses the sea. The hymn concludes: 997: 445: 285: 140: 61: 10201: 5205: 4275:

Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities: The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene

2627:

at Alexandria, and that he "assures the eternity of the city," where the birth of

1288:, where a temple of Pluto and Persephone was located. Visitors sought healing and 1217:" if the curse is fulfilled by the desired deadline. The pig was a characteristic 1098:

I know that even below the earth, if there is indeed a reward for the worthy ones,

1028:

had his own priestess. Pluto was worshipped with Persephone as a divine couple at

912:

The demonstration of Orpheus's power depends on the normal obduracy of Pluto; the

15424: 15419: 15338: 15333: 15186: 15154: 15038: 14571: 14402: 14346: 13915: 13806: 13781: 13773: 13299: 12957: 12721: 12416: 12325: 12278: 11741: 11526: 11143: 11109: 10437: 10241: 10211: 10117: 9778: 9727: 9665: 9401: 9291: 8407: 8185: 6802:, p. 182. Apparent references to the "helmet of Pluto" in other authors, such as 6500: 6183: 6132: 6124: 4815: 4768: 4626: 4483: 4475: 4250: 4229: 3620: 3285: 3235: 3138: 3122: 2785: 2668: 2597: 2179: 1966: 1953: 583: 575: 223: 37: 7935:, p. 665. It was even said that the soul of Orpheus had been reborn into Ficino. 6812:), are misleading; "Pluto" is substituted by the English translator for "Hades." 3094: 1573: 759: 15276: 15165: 15028: 14746: 13940: 13866: 13821: 13666: 12932: 12756: 12491: 12320: 11826: 11821: 11766: 11746: 11641: 11385: 11380: 11079: 11057: 10765: 10080: 9934: 9748: 9660: 9598: 9441: 9431: 8760:, lines 82, 51, 311, 314, in the edition of Oscar Lovell Triggs (London, 1896). 8655: 8541: 8449: 8437: 7877: 7611:, as discussed by Leonard L. Thompson, "ISmyrna 753: Gods and the One God," in 7491:

Van Amersfoort, "Traces of an Alexandrian Orphic Theogony," pp. 17–18. Betegh,

7468: 7215: 6713:(Cambridge University Press, 1879), p. 48. This was a particular custom of the 6544: 6204: 5700:(Oxford University Press, 2002), p. 212, with English translation of the curse. 4987:(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879, 9th ed.), p. 180. In the 15th-century allegory 4974: 4597: 4432: 3975: 3942: 3758: 3670: 3438: 3240: 3102: 3059: 3043: 3013: 2951: 2730: 2713: 2620: 2566: 2413: 2366: 2304: 2154: 2131: 1973:

at his side, while Neptune holds the trident. Perhaps influenced by this work,

1737:

in various world mythologies. The description of the cypress as "white" (Greek

1681: 1663: 1506: 1328: 1185: 821: 555: 449: 359: 338:

field that had been ploughed three times, in what seems to be a reference to a

267: 171: 45: 13998: 9041:

The Joffrey Ballet: Robert Joffrey and the Making of an American Dance Company

8049:

The Archaeology of the Olympics: The Olympics and Other Festivals in Antiquity

7841:

Colloque International sur les textes de Nag hammadi (Québec, 22–25 août 1978)

7711:

Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," pp. 110–111, 114, with reference to the teachings of

6718: 682:(Book 4). Another major retelling, also in Latin, is the long unfinished poem 15439: 15203: 15127: 15043: 14972: 14942: 14922: 14771: 14694: 14684: 14585: 14442: 14386: 14381: 14325: 14256: 14154: 13900: 13791: 13710: 12906: 12751: 12731: 12726: 10974: 10969: 10755: 10750: 10266: 10031: 9715: 9696: 9677: 9481: 8935: 8862: 8565: 8047:

Daniel P. Harmon, "The Religious Significance of Games in the Roman Age," in

7645: 6861: 6456: 5534: 5389: 5298: 5178: 5149: 4895: 4471: 3727: 3722: 3597: 3401: 3365: 3300: 3260: 3255: 3142: 3076: 2903: 2684: 2518:

at the sanctuary. As two forms of Helios, Apollo and Pluto pose a dichotomy:

2260: 2063: 1860: 1694: 1359: 1015: 803:(5th century AD) mentions a "son of Pluto." In his 14th-century mythography, 796: 672: 627: 522:

In Greek religious practice, Pluto is sometimes seen as the "chthonic Zeus" (

441: 96:, in which Pluto was venerated as both a stern ruler and a loving husband to 8782:

Sheila Lindenbaum, "Ceremony and Oligarchy: The London Midsummer Watch," in

8595:

on the daughter Spenser invents for Pluto. His favored epithet for Pluto is

8148:& Acherontem appellabant, & Stygem paludem iuxta flumina assignabant 6394:, edited by Yves Bonnefoy (University of Chicago Press, 1991, 1992), p. 110. 3442: 3024: 2343:, it is devoured by Zeus, who in his turn begets the intelligence (σύνεσις, 1864: 472:. This is because everything is born of the earth and returns to it again." 15266: 15261: 15223: 15120: 14669: 14609: 14376: 14286: 14261: 14251: 14159: 14144: 13950: 13816: 13612: 13335: 13185: 13179: 13153: 12861: 12856: 12778: 12761: 12746: 12189: 11801: 11726: 11721: 11000: 10760: 10697: 10408: 10385: 10355: 10134: 9892: 9575: 9543: 9421: 9396: 9227: 7652: 7600: 7508:

Van Amersfoort, "Traces of an Alexandrian Orphic Theogony," p. 23; Betegh,

6697: 6374: 6283: 6101: 5836:

Inventing Ancient Culture: Historicism, Periodization and the Ancient World

5519: 5481: 5421: 5200:(Houghton, Mifflin, 1890), pp. 78–79. The dialogue has also been seen as a 5024:

Restless Dead: Encounters between the Living and the Dead in Ancient Greece

4862:

http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:phi,0690,003:7:337

4763: 4718: 4440: 4325: 4323:

Zeus Chthonius and Pluto are seen as having "the same significance" in the

4219: 4215: 4010: 3828:

Classical Mythology: A Guide to the Mythical World of the Greeks and Romans

3744: 3709: 3146: 2943: 2830: 2628: 2577: 2417: 2362: 2158: 2034: 1908:, "teeth") was an agricultural implement. It may also represent one of the 1775:

for why it was worn by initiates and by champion athletes participating in

1758: 1734: 1699: 1590: 1514: 1416: 1305: 1285: 1277: 1202: 929: 876: 739: 678: 636:

in religious inscriptions and literary texts reflects the influence of the

476: 339: 183: 14674: 8815:(Cambridge University Press, 1992, originally published in Italian 1969), 7374:"Titan" usually refers to a class or race of deities, but sometimes means 5156:

into Latin, gives the god's name as Pluto, and in his mythographical work

4615:

The Lost Girls: Demeter-Persephone and the Literary Imagination, 1850–1930

4285:

is the ruler of the underworld, and Hades is the name of the place itself.

3012:

in the tale, which is Chaucer's most sexually explicit. The Scottish poet

371: 15018: 14361: 14291: 14174: 14058: 13841: 13801: 13661: 13530: 12998: 12917: 12706: 12656: 12521: 12506: 12360: 12032: 11651: 11099: 10852: 10812: 10804: 10657: 10637: 10627: 10567: 10507: 10487: 10482: 10423: 10273: 10075: 9887: 9633: 9497: 9436: 9386: 9319: 9152:

Rembrandt's Reading: The Artist's Bookshelf of Ancient Poetry and History

7828: 7795: 7224: 6786: 6604: 6451: 6111: 5897: 5857:

Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts in the Greek and Roman Worlds: A Sourcebook

5605:

Greek Mysteries: The Archaeology and Ritual of Ancient Greek Secret Cults

4949: 4203: 4195: 3687: 3683: 3250: 3230: 3182: 3114: 3067: 3019:

1503 also described Pluto as a folkloric supernatural being, "the elrich

2134:

thus sees Pluto as a "god of dissolution." Among the titles of Pluto was

2126:

himself would suffice to keep them with him in his own far-famed chains.

1883: 1810: 1586: 1522: 1498: 1446:, and Persephone, and those who act as guardians or timekeepers, such as 1236:

is found elsewhere as an epithet of Zeus, or in the tablets may invoke a

1229: 1001: 953: 934: 924: 871: 735: 731: 707: 641: 26: 14996: 13377: 12166: 8746:

Medieval Venuses and Cupids: Sexuality, Hermeneutics, and English Poetry

8604: 8338:

Critical Companion to Chaucer: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work

3001: 1875: 586:) and Pluto. The ancient Greeks did not regard Pluto as "death" per se. 123:

in a three-way division of sovereignty over the world, with his brother

15228: 15135: 14902: 14887: 14877: 14806: 14786: 14504: 14475: 14470: 14432: 14417: 14412: 14301: 14281: 14179: 14164: 14008: 13935: 13925: 13851: 13228: 13127: 13068: 12816: 12773: 12651: 12586: 12411: 12345: 12340: 12335: 12226: 12007: 11947: 11883: 11865: 11674: 11646: 11521: 11478: 11390: 11355: 11114: 11052: 10847: 10817: 10682: 10642: 10597: 10542: 10502: 10283: 10278: 10261: 10129: 9904: 9882: 9709: 9671: 9536: 9506: 9466: 9461: 9366: 9361: 9341: 9324: 8479: 8001: 7961: 7791: 7616: 7399: 7328: 7307: 5986: 5839: 5473: 4805: 4393: 4304:

Corpus monumentorum religionis dei Menis: Interpretation and Testimonia

4155: 4122: 3717: 3551: 3490: 3218: 3195: 3150: 3098: 2975:. Like earlier medieval writers, Chaucer identifies Pluto's realm with 2968: 2866: 2765: 2754: 2660: 2467: 2335:). It flies right up into the air, and draws up the spirit, now called 2300: 2239:

brothers; that is how it has been passed down to us in holy scripture.

2183: 2038: 1985: 1733:

as a kind of beacon near the entrance, perhaps to be compared with the

1722: 1381: 1293: 1261: 1255: 1142: 1119:; by the 2nd century BC, however, he had acquired a separate identity. 957: 808: 559: 422: 376: 251: 247: 243: 160: 120: 97: 77: 11942: 11656: 7482:

Van Amersfoort, "Traces of an Alexandrian Orphic Theogony," pp. 16–17.

4952:

names the daughter of Pluto as Reverentia and says she was married to

3066:

as Pluto, a practice that prevails among English translators, despite

1859:

referring to those who conceal their true nature by a cunning device.

750:

that made few if any distinctions among Hades, Pluto, Dis, and Orcus.

15374: 14962: 14856: 14465: 14460: 14452: 14437: 14422: 14169: 14149: 14073: 14063: 13988: 13970: 13955: 13930: 13749: 13617: 13540: 13471: 13397: 13148: 13043: 13028: 13018: 12937: 12927: 12876: 12811: 12806: 12636: 12537: 12355: 12254: 11992: 11669: 11636: 11586: 11576: 11443: 11370: 11289: 11086: 11005: 10842: 10837: 10832: 10822: 10687: 10662: 10652: 10552: 10522: 10429: 10246: 10206: 10179: 10169: 10159: 10036: 9998: 9911: 9654: 9627: 9605: 9584: 9515: 9456: 9416: 8831: 8810: 7837:

Le fragment du "Discours parfait" dans la Bibliothèque de Nag Hammadi

7732: 7677: 6982: 6009: 5976: 5477: 5405: 5401: 5385: 5301:

for the "strewing of couches" in ancient Rome. Two inscriptions from

5201: 5198:

In a Club Corner: The Monologue of a Man Who Might Have Been Sociable

5011: 4644: 4299: 3803: 3787: 3699: 3666: 3654: 3601: 3589: 3499: 3410: 3358: 2992: 2911:, to which the greedy are condemned. The Italian form of the name is 2750: 2636: 2605: 2573: 2397: 2320: 2249: 2175: 2042: 1984:(1592), in which the god ended up holding his characteristic key. In 1977:

originally depicted Pluto with a bident in a preparatory drawing for

1946: 1730: 1718: 1672: 1518: 1494: 1180: 1071: 804: 715: 492: 391: 195: 116: 69: 7549:(Cambridge University Press, 1883), vol. 2, p. 175, note to 2.26.66. 6893:(Oxford University Press, 1924), vol. 2, p. 798 ff.; John G. Fitch, 6209:

Contraception and Abortion from the Ancient World to the Renaissance

503:(2nd century AD), Pluto's "wealth" is the dead he rules over in the 15281: 15218: 15159: 15063: 14882: 14836: 14811: 14741: 14649: 14634: 14629: 14604: 14509: 14407: 14351: 14231: 14209: 14003: 13905: 13836: 13786: 13461: 13451: 13446: 13418: 13413: 13408: 13382: 13372: 13356: 13309: 13237: 13214: 13023: 12886: 12866: 12851: 12826: 12783: 12701: 12691: 12681: 12616: 12471: 12456: 12451: 12431: 12401: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12365: 12350: 12330: 12300: 12238: 12216: 12204: 12073: 11890: 11856: 11846: 11816: 11796: 11776: 11751: 11706: 11681: 11566: 11556: 11498: 11473: 11416: 11340: 11234: 11229: 11104: 10672: 10557: 10537: 10532: 10517: 10497: 10477: 10360: 10256: 10189: 10090: 10041: 9741: 9690: 9564: 9376: 9067:

The Age of Rembrandt: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Painting

8600: 8500: 7770: 7716: 7592: 7402:. The second, whom we regard as the daughter of the third Jove and 6927: 6821: 6803: 6714: 6679: 6623: 6505: 6495: 6358: 5909: 5514:, pp. 100–101. Tsagalis discusses this inscription in light of the 5409: 5141: 4479: 4460: 4409: 4388: 4224: 3593: 3485: 3406: 3381: 3329: 3166: 3028: 2886: 2652: 2504: 2385: 2103: 2059: 1970: 1848: 1806: 1726: 1645: 1625: 1598: 1553: 1478: 1397: 1281: 1149:, simultaneously a "meadow" and "thick-shaded and dark," where the 1146: 1108: 1037: 969: 965: 892: 758:

Unlike his freely procreating brothers Zeus and Poseidon, Pluto is

687: 579: 543: 488: 380: 297: 276: 176: 128: 85: 9091:

The Complete Engravings, Etchings, and Drypoints of Albrecht Dürer

8910:

Gods of Play: Baroque Festive Performances as Rhetorical Discourse

7684:, who had a table before him for ceremonial dining (pp. 106, 109). 4727:(solus omnium deorum coelibem et filiis carentem vitam traduceret) 4277:(Oxford University Press, 2010), p. 102, citing passages from the 3651:, sculpture with a Cerberus looking in three different directions. 3372:

that became conventionally "hellish", established in Monteverdi's

2446:. By Pluto is meant the shadow that sometimes obstructs the moon. 1805:), but adds that the three brothers were each given a gift by the 770:

is the daughter of Persephone by Zeus disguised as Pluto, and the

14937: 14927: 14846: 14816: 14801: 14761: 14659: 14366: 14356: 14321: 14236: 14199: 14053: 14048: 13965: 13945: 13910: 13895: 13846: 13673: 13656: 13481: 13466: 13284: 13243: 13112: 13107: 13073: 13058: 13008: 12947: 12896: 12881: 12836: 12768: 12696: 12661: 12646: 12621: 12606: 12576: 12547: 12516: 12511: 12481: 12476: 12305: 12295: 12259: 12249: 12232: 12094: 12078: 12063: 12037: 12022: 12002: 11982: 11952: 11908: 11841: 11771: 11626: 11591: 11581: 11571: 11561: 11536: 11468: 11458: 11294: 11284: 11189: 11094: 10913: 10857: 10692: 10577: 10572: 10562: 10527: 10512: 10492: 10300: 10251: 9557: 9356: 8571:

Dis, and 576), but uses both names in the mythological narrative

8461: 7811:(Leipzig, 1842), p. 314, as equivalent to the Pluto described by 7673: 7496: 7453: 6839: 6417: 6412: 4957: 4821: 4801: 4623:

The Metamorphosis of Persephone: Ovid and the Self-Conscious Muse

4589: 3884: 3781: 3777: 3575: 3541: 3537: 3510:

watches her plan carried out (location of painting unknown). The

3488:, who usually follow Ovid's version. The influential emblem book 3385: 3020: 2927: 2870: 2862: 2854: 2838: 2822: 2676: 2648: 2616: 2345: 2119: 1995: 1962: 1886: 1852: 1818: 1754: 1617: 1534: 1502: 1424: 1375: 1355: 1317: 1297: 1269: 1243: 1162: 1150: 1091: 1033: 1021: 1000:, and Hades seems to have received limited cult, perhaps only at 859: 771: 767: 656: 563: 547: 330: 313: 305: 156: 9054:

Shakespeare's Visual Theatre: Staging the Personified Characters

8786:, (University of Minnesota Press, 1994), p. 171; Maria Hayward, 7657:

Fabula: Explorations into the Uses of Myth in Medieval Platonism

7327:

This parenthetical remark is part of the original text. Several

6409:

The Sorrows of the Ancient Romans: The Gladiator and the Monster

6342:

The Pastoral Narcissus: A Study of the First Idyll of Theocritus

5844:

Arcana Mundi: Magic and the Occult in the Greek and Roman Worlds

5400:) alluded to in line 13; Tablet 2, line 1 (Petelia, present-day 4470:, attributing this view to the semi-legendary Phoenician author 4451:

and 58; Hermann, "Demeter-Isis or the Egyptian Demeter?", p. 84.

4175:

2.66, translation of John MacDonald Ross (Penguin Books, 1972):

2631:

was celebrated at the sanctuary of Kore on 6 January. In Latin,

1316:

was thought to indicate an opening to the underworld. In Italy,

15364: 15106: 15100: 15013: 14947: 14932: 14907: 14689: 14614: 14427: 14033: 13831: 13759: 13754: 13745: 13720: 13700: 13607: 13497: 13456: 13428: 13325: 13289: 13208: 13053: 12993: 12973: 12968: 12942: 12911: 12901: 12831: 12801: 12711: 12686: 12641: 12626: 12581: 12566: 12501: 12496: 12486: 12441: 12436: 12426: 12370: 12315: 12310: 12221: 12184: 12156: 12130: 12104: 12068: 12058: 12012: 11997: 11987: 11937: 11927: 11922: 11878: 11873: 11836: 11806: 11736: 11686: 11618: 11596: 11551: 11546: 11493: 11488: 11463: 11448: 11411: 11395: 11360: 11319: 11274: 11249: 11219: 11209: 11194: 11179: 10954: 10938: 10918: 10908: 10903: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10727: 10622: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10472: 10370: 10350: 10345: 10333: 10318: 10288: 10174: 10154: 10122: 10085: 9993: 9550: 9522: 9406: 9371: 9351: 9069:(Penn State University Press, 1988), p. 30; Eric Jan Sluijter, 9011:

City on the Seine: Paris in the Time of Richelieu and Louis XIV

8537: 8496: 8397: 8388:(Yale University Press, 2006), p. 270. Pluto and Proserpina in 7898: 7577:

Allegorical Readers and Cultural Revision in Ancient Alexandria

7403: 7387: 7375: 6956: 6844: 6674: 6658: 6650: 6586: 6048:

Christ, as the conqueror of death and Hades, holds keys in the

5683:, p. 152; John Scheid, "Sacrifices for Gods and Ancestors", in 5584: 5580: 5329:

The Associations of Classical Athens: The Response to Democracy

5302: 5243: 5091: 5080:

Classical Mythology in English Literature: A Critical Anthology

5061:

As accurately reflected by the translation of Michael Simpson,

4907:

Allegorical Readers and Cultural Revision in Ancient Alexandria

4843: 4809: 4741: 4733: 4652: 4648: 4639: 4487: 4383: 4334: 4207: 4188: 4118: 4099: 3970: 3905: 3797: 3515: 3377: 3130: 3085: 2947: 2761: 2672: 2478: 2350: 2312: 2280: 2211: 2191: 2147: 2139: 2123: 1897: 1771: 1714: 1659:, "hair of Venus," divinely dry when she emerged from the sea. 1566: 1455: 1443: 1439: 1309: 1301: 1238: 1158: 1041: 1029: 984: 941: 916: 862:

was regarded as a founder and prophet of the mysteries called "

829: 786: 782: 551: 500: 484: 480: 461: 433: 335: 325: 309: 281: 271: 239: 81: 8855:

Opera's First Master: The Musical Dramas of Claudio Monteverdi

7876:"On this day and at this hour the Virgin gave birth to Aion": 7821:

Hermetica: The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius

7467:

Studies in Gnosticism and Hellenistic Religions, Presented to

6421:

or the evil eye, a self-induced form of which was the ruin of

6266:

A Philosophical and Literary Commentary on Martianus Capella's

5846:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985, 2006, 2nd ed.), p. 505. 5785:

The Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore: Topography and Architecture

4960:, or "blessedness," was a daughter of Hades, according to the 4938:(Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 169, citing Boccaccio, 4154:(Cambridge University Press, 1967), p. 331, with reference to 3518:

is similar. Rembrandt incorporates Claudian's more passionate

2565:

It has been argued that the sanctuary was in the keeping of a

1004:, where the temple was opened once a year. During the time of 666:

The most influential version of the abduction myth is that of

346:

to ensure the earth's fertility. "The resemblance of the name

15233: 14957: 14781: 14736: 14724: 14709: 14654: 14271: 14266: 14204: 13861: 13725: 13705: 13634: 13629: 13392: 13387: 13351: 13330: 13158: 13122: 13048: 13003: 12988: 12983: 12952: 12716: 12671: 12666: 12611: 12601: 12596: 12446: 12264: 12244: 12211: 12199: 12194: 12151: 12135: 12125: 11972: 11932: 11913: 11786: 11711: 11541: 11314: 11269: 11264: 11026: 10770: 10667: 10582: 10467: 10293: 10164: 10149: 9978: 9529: 9471: 9346: 9252:

The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Pluto)

8561: 8545: 8457: 8180: 7728: 7681: 7395: 7266: 7195: 6045: 5884: 5787:(American School of Classical Studies, 1997), p. 76, note 31. 5485: 4953: 4835: 4730: 4508:(William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1999, 2nd ed.), p. 598, and 4046:

Lygdamus: Corpus Tibullianum III.1–6, Lygdami Elegiarum Liber

4022: 4001: 3996: 3773: 3567: 3503: 3350: 3207: 3032: 2984: 2898: 2858: 2818: 2779: 2768:, in his poetic polemic against the religious traditionalist 2739: 2735: 2688: 2680: 2265: 2015: 2011: 1917: 1557: 1447: 1412: 1005: 961: 727: 409: 401: 396: 301: 203: 152: 148: 112: 65: 7884:(Brill, 2008), p. 258, noting that this date coincided with 7640:

This interpretation is attributed to the Greek Neoplatonist

7450:

The Derveni Papyrus: Cosmology, Theology and Interpretations

6065:

For extensive notes on Aiakos, see Radcliffe Guest Edmonds,

5804:

7 (1891), p. 209; Hewitt, "The Propitiation of Zeus," p. 93.

4568:

Sources used to prepare this article uniformly refer to the

4478:. In addition to asserting that Muth was equivalent to both 4033:

Plato's Cretan City: A Historical Interpretation of the Laws

3185:

representing the depths and weight of the underworld, as in

2659:

demiurge who was also identified variously with Poseidon or

1570:, "sky"), which might be blue, greenish-blue, or dark blue. 135:

as the name of the ruler of the underworld first appears in

15114: 14967: 14220: 14078: 13132: 12099: 12027: 11756: 11731: 11716: 11631: 11531: 11503: 11483: 11453: 11365: 11204: 11199: 10717: 8167:("Book of Images of the Gods") are vexed; Ronald E. Pepin, 6965: 5912:

over a spangled tunic with decorated hem (Clinton, p. 106).

5872:(Stockholm, 1992), pp. 105. As Clinton notes (p. 107), the 5698:

Magic, Witchcraft, and Ghosts in the Greek and Roman Worlds

5446:

Giovanni Casadio and Patricia A. Johnston, "Introduction",

5145: 4994: 4961: 4420: 3357:, disguised in the giddily convoluted plotting as Aristée ( 2976: 2931: 2874: 2826: 2757:

calls the mallet-wielding figure usually identified as the

2604:

is sometimes affixed to the names of other deities. In the

2354: 2288: 2087:

How much better are things below than what Zeus possesses!

1685: 1633: 1451: 1420: 1408: 1169:

You alone were born to judge deeds obscure and conspicuous.

1044:

as well as at Eleusis, where they were known simply as God

730:

in manipulating Pluto with love and desire. Throughout the

667: 293: 289: 124: 8788:

Rich Apparel: Clothing and the Law in Henry VIII's England

7676:(p. 106); Zeus, who is subordinated to "God Himself"; and 7242:

Money and the Early Greek Mind: Homer, Philosophy, Tragedy

7087:

Identified as Pluto by Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal,

5870:

Myth and Cult: The Iconography of the Eleusinian Mysteries

5435:

Myth and Cult: The Iconography of the Eleusinian Mysteries

3525:

Major artists who produced works depicting Pluto include:

2588: 2495:

is mentioned in other literary sources in connection with

2157:, the twelfth month, more or less equivalent to June, was 1396:'s mythography, with the god holding his scepter and key, 558:

takes its name and an Etruscans god of the underworld the

14776: 11350: 11214: 9492: 7668:

Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," p. 101ff. The other deities are

6371:

The Plays of Sophocles, Commentaries: The Oedipus Colonus

6361:, on Demeter and Persephone (the two "Great Goddesses"); 5713:, p. 131, with translations of both tablets, and note 35. 5499:

Instructions for the Netherworld: The Orphic Gold Tablets

5160:

2.4.6 includes this quality in his chapter on Pluto; see

5063:

Gods and Heroes of the Greeks: The Library of Apollodorus

4557:

Inscribing Sorrow: Fourth-century Attic Funerary Epigrams

4098:("In Latin, Pluto is Dis Pater; others call him Orcus"): 3769:

Scientific terms derived from the name of Pluto include:

3694:

helped inspire the recasting of myths in modern terms by

3225:(1718–20), with Pluto and Proserpina releasing the couple 2683:, an enchanter, a fashioner of images and reflections, a 2231: 2195: 1713:) has traditional associations with mourning. In ancient 790: 14566: 9286: 9184:

used by Dante to describe Pluto's manner of speaking in

9141:

Golahny, "Rembrandt's Abduction of Proserpina," p. 30ff.

9065:

Amy Golahney, "Rembrandt's Abduction of Proserpina," in

8857:(Amadeus Press, 2006), pp. 34, 75, 103–104; Tim Carter, 7773:; see B.L. Hijmans, "Apuleius, Philosophus Platonicus," 7437:

Book III of the Sibylline Oracles and Its Social Setting

6442:(Cambridge University Press, 1900, 3rd edition), p. 115. 2222:, the elder brother, demanded the kingship for himself. 1175:

Come with favor and joy to the initiates. I summon you.

774:("The Kindly Ones") are the offspring of Persephone and 9028:

Music in European Capitals: The Galant Style, 1720–1780

8796:

Mardi Gras Treasures: Costume Designs of the Golden Age

8646:

with greater frequency; Spenser prefers the name Pluto.

5754:

La soteriologia dei culti orientali nell' Impero Romano

5735:

Esther Eidinow, "Why the Athenians Began to Curse," in

5662:

Curse Tablets and Binding Spells from the Ancient World

5547:

Kevin Clinton, "The Mysteries of Demeter and Kore," in

5533:

Eubouleus: ho Ploutôn. para de toîs polloîs ho Zeus en

4255:

Jesus' Defeat of Death: Persuading Mark's Early Readers

2983:," where Pluto is identified as the "Kyng of Fayerye" ( 2161:; the name may be connected to the rape of Persephone. 1620:). The flower was associated with narcotic drugginess ( 991:

340 BC) depicting figures from the Eleusinian Mysteries

8615:

I.v.14.8, II.viii.24.1, VI.xii.35.6, VII.vii.5.9, and

8103:

Difference and Identity in Francia and Medieval France

7579:(University of California Press, 1992), p. 33, citing 7045:(Duncan Baird, 2006), p. 114; Clare Robertson et al., 5212:(Wesleyan University Press, 1993), vol. 2, p. xxxviii. 2892: 9087:

The History of the Life of Albrecht Dürer of Nürnberg

8293:(Wayne State University Press, 1987), pp. xi and 475. 7134:(London, 1902), pp. xvii and 214 (note to line 1414). 5989:," in the 1912 translation of F. Storr), as cited by 4655:

also names the ruler of the underworld more often as

4447:, translated by Richard Gordon (Brill, 2008), pp. 53 3949:(University of California Press, 1979), pp. 37, 219; 3571: 2001: 1990: 1197:

The names of both Hades and Pluto appear also in the

1173:

You delight in the worshiper's respect and reverence.

832:. Spenser incorporated aspects of the mysteries into 8642:

appear in the works of Shakespeare and Marlowe, but

8632:

Classical Literature and Its Reception: An Anthology

7680:, an Anatolian moon deity sometimes identified with 7070: 7068: 6228:(Brill, 1981), vol. 1, pp. 40, 42, citing Cornutus, 6167:(Leipzig, 1824), p. 13; "L'origine dei maccheroni," 4909:(University of California Press, 1992), pp. 193–194. 4775:(Princeton University Press, 1994), p. 110, note 97. 4546:(University of California Press, 2004), pp. 107–109. 3920:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983, 2004), p. 56. 2514:

The Smyrna inscription also records the presence of

1828:

The helmet Pluto receives is presumably the magical

1501:

recorded medical uses for the plant. For extracting

1332:

Hades and Persephone: tondo of an Attic red-figured

1008:, the Athenians periodically honored the god called 9303: 8444:(1503), lines 126–7, as cited by Ian Simpson Ross, 7909:

renders in Latin the Greek phrase "house of Hades."

7564:

in Context: Ancient Theories of Language and Naming

4948:Boccaccio cites Servius as his source, adding that 4761:Orphic fragments 197 and 360 (edition of Kern) and 3027:incubus in cloak of green"), who appears among the 2934:swamp, through which they pass on their way to the 2294: 1949:, who mentions Poseidon being armed with a bident. 1171:

Holiest and illustrious ruler of all, frenzied god,

54: 8306:, Canto 13.7, translated by Edward Fairfax (1907). 8012:regularly calls the Roman ruler of the underworld 7345:Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 6899:: A Critical Text With Introduction and Commentary 6381:(Southern Illinois University Press, 1991), p. 99. 6293:: A Critical Text with Introduction and Commentary 6151:("little sword") come from a word meaning "sword." 6052:1:18; see Walter A. Elwell and Philip W. Comfort, 5739:(Cambridge University Press, 2007), p. 50; Ogden, 5251:(Bolchazy-Carducci, 1984, 2005), p. 356, note 105. 4306:(Brill, 1976), vol. 3, p. 77, citing the entry on 3619:, the three figures represent "an allegory of the 1916:, the Roman counterpart of Zeus, and the Etruscan 719: 670:(d. 17 or 18 AD), who tells the story in both the 14500:Classical mythology in western art and literature 9234:(Disney-Hyperion Books, 2011), p. 111 (vol. 2 of 9013:(St. Martin's Press, 1996), pp. 189–190; Buelow, 8703:Ovid's Metamorphosis Translated by Arthur Golding 7117:(Cambridge University Press, 1993, 1996), p. 229. 7078:(Penn State University Press, 1995), pp. 124–125. 7065: 7060:Drawings by the Carracci from British Collections 7047:Drawings by the Carracci from British Collections 6762:(Princeton University Press, 1952, 1993), p. 182. 5940:Drawings by the Carracci from British Collections 5404:, Magna Graecia, 4th century BC); and Tablet 25 ( 5318:(Cambridge University Press, 1989, 2003), p. 417. 5177:23 (English translation from the 1820 edition of 5121:A Variorum Commentary on the Poems of John Milton 5022:is a common one for Hecate; Sarah Iles Johnston, 4905:; see discussion of the context by David Dawson, 4443:edition). Also spelled Sarapis. See Jaime Alvar, 3959:Studies in Roman Literature, Culture and Religion 1969:in 1517, Pluto is shown holding the bident, with 1855:calls it the "helmet of Orcus" and gives it as a 1851:(16th century) do attribute the helmet to Pluto. 218:in Italian) becomes the most common name for the 202:Pluto was also identified with the obscure Roman 15437: 9154:(Amsterdam University Press, 2003), pp. 102–103. 9073:(Amsterdam University Press, 2006), pp. 109–111. 8869:(Cambridge University Press, 1927), pp. 112–113. 8483:(I.iv, "Pluto and Hell!" as an exclamation) and 8336:(lines 590–503), as noted by Rosalyn Rossignol, 8243:("'Why do you hoard?' 'Why do you squander?'"): 7257:(Brill, 1993, 1994), p. 119, especially note 93. 5384:, "house of Hades" appears in Tablet 1, line 2 ( 5345:(Princeton University Press, 1967), pp. 110–111. 5343:Eleusis: Archetypal Image of Mother and Daughter 5331:(Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 125, citing 4084:Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts 4035:(Princeton University Press, 1993), pp. 452–453. 4009:19 (1908), p. 66, considers euphemism a form of 3502:, echoed Ovid in showing Pluto as the target of 3133:and other public performances at festivals. The 2926:. Much of this Canto is devoted to the power of 2702: 1978: 1542: 8962:French Baroque Music from Beaujoyeulx to Rameau 8053:American, African, and Old European Mythologies 6411:(Princeton University Press, 1993), p. 92. The 6272:(University of California Press, 1986), p. 171. 6169:Archivo per lo studio delle tradizioni popolari 6163:(Paris, 1819), pp. 315–316; Julius Billerbeck, 6023:Les religions de l'Asie dans la vallée du Rhône 5035:Douglas Brooks-Davies, entry on "Mysteries" in 5026:(University of California Press, 1999), p. 206. 4944:8.6; see also the Italian translation of 1644, 4559:(Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2008), pp. 101–102. 4236:2.9, edition of 1651, p. 173; cf. Strabo 3.12). 4232:and all the places bordering the setting sun" ( 3445:'s line "king of winters, the infernal Pluto." 2639:that simply means "of or pertaining to Pluto." 2096:, a giver of spiritual wealth. In the dialogue 1074:, from the late 5th century BC onward the name 710:. The abduction myth was a popular subject for 9056:(Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 60–61. 7882:Gnostica, Judaica, Catholica: Collected Essays 7615:(Brill, 2007), p. 113, with reference also to 6307:see also Hendrik Wagenvoort, "Caerimonia," in 5859:(Oxford University Press, 2002), pp. 190 –191. 5636:50, as cited and discussed by Susan E. Myers, 3947:Aspects of Death in Early Greek Art and Poetry 3665:1631), painting influenced by Rubens (via the 2396:(1st century AD) the soul underwent a kind of 2169: 1998:allegory, it is Neptune who holds the bident. 14552: 9272: 8499:and tortures vile also." Pluto's gates are a 8406:, a view at least as old as Chaucer's editor 8291:Jerusalem Delivered: An English Prose Version 8224:The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri: Inferno 7357:vol. VI, col. 190. The relation of the title 5900:, with Demeter on the left and Persephone as 5371:(Routledge, 2007), first page (not numbered). 4517: 4497:Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible 4096:Pluto Latine est Dis pater, alii Orcum vocant 2907:(written 1308–1321), Pluto presides over the 1782: 1323: 1082:, but in reference to the underground place: 8925:(Baldini Castoldi Dalai, 2005, 2007), p. 36. 8055:(University of Chicago Press, 1993), p. 222. 7378:or other divine personifications of the Sun. 6365:, fragment 94, on the Eumenides; Zimmerman, 6299:in his version of the abduction myth in the 6226:Studies in Greek Colour Terminology: ΓΛΑΥΚΟΣ 5882:with an inscription is a red-figured footed 5875:Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae 5817:(Franz Steiner, 1998), pp. 382–384, citing 4392:1.43 (Vergil refrains from naming the god); 3097:'s 13th-century poem "The Tournament of the 2967:(1343–1400) developed the myth of Pluto and 2651:(5th century AD) considered Pluto the third 2388:, Pluto represented the lower region of the 2079:And where do you think Pluto gets his name , 1392:, probably influenced by the description in 1260:A sanctuary dedicated to Pluto was called a 811:(the Latin name of Persephone) was sterile. 9089:(London, 1870), p. 187; Walter L. Strauss, 9043:(University of Chicago Press, 1996), p. 66. 8726:(Syracuse University Press, 2000), p. 238; 8349:Chaucer, "The Knight's Tale" 2082 and 2299. 8127: 8119: 8111: 7865:Religion and Colonization in Ancient Greece 7528:(Cambridge University Press, 1925), p. 746. 7335:, which is usually a title of Jupiter, but 5656:(University of Chicago Press, 1986, 1992), 5144:says that the only god Hades listens to is 4798:Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities 4672:See also, for instance, J.J.L. Smolenaars, 3229:The role of Pluto is written for a bass in 3004:. Chaucer has the couple engage in a comic 2717:Etruscan Charun presiding over an execution 2164: 1461:, one of the three mortal kings who became 1225:were almost always black or dark in color. 937:... / Drew iron tears down Pluto's cheek." 14559: 14545: 11864: 9279: 9265: 8748:(Stanford University Press, 1996), p. 132. 8392:have been seen as Shakespeare's model for 8171:(Fordham University Press, 2008), pp. 7–9. 8159:The questions of authorship involving the 8125:) means "progeny, offspring," modified by 7867:(Brill, 1987), p. 107, especially note 87. 7831:, may explain this particular syncretism; 7775:Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt 6555:(1946); C.J. Ackerley and S.E. Gontarski, 5276: 5274: 5123:(Columbia University Press, 1972), p. 327. 4486:) and Pluto, Philo said he was the son of 2809:double, ally, or adjunct to the figure in 2687:of himself and of others, a poet in a way 1802: 762:, and is rarely said to have children. In 429:is distinguished from the gloomier Hades. 155:-object, and especially in the descent of 8560:, lines 449, where "Pluto" refers to the 7922:(Harvard University Press, 2010), p. 256. 7424:Boccaccio's Expositions on Dante's Comedy 7318:(Harvard University Press, 2002), p. 564. 7020:, "The Powers of Darkness in Prudentius' 6213:Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle 6211:(Harvard University Press, 1992), p. 42; 6193:Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle 6161:Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle 5995:Mythology and Monuments of Ancient Athens 5855:Strabo C244–6, as cited by Daniel Ogden, 5450:(University of Texas Press, 2009), p. 21. 4973:"Of griesly Pluto she the daughter was": 1817:: Zeus thunder and lightning; Poseidon a 1485:(1st century AD), Pluto wore a wreath of 1116: 881: 698:in these two passages, and Claudian uses 408:, "giver of wealth," because the name of 8899:(Indiana University Press, 2004), p. 37. 8630:Robert DeMaria Jr. and Robert D. Brown, 8468:5.670, in his account of the abduction). 7790: 6551:, the last of twelve poems in the cycle 5488:, in the numbering of Graf and Johnston. 5249:Traditional Themes and the Homeric Hymns 4997:personified is the bastard son of Pluto. 4341:typically offered to underworld deities. 4218:edition). The 16th-century mythographer 3918:Hesiod. Theogony, Works and Days, Shield 3874:(Clarendon Press, 1907), vol. 3, p. 281. 3830:(Oxford University Press, 2005), p. 182. 3467: 3452: 3213: 2833:, the only witness whose account of the 2796:, to the delight of the underworld Jove 2712: 2587: 2454: 2081:if not because he took the best portion? 2005: 1874: 1698:, in French both "maidenhair fern" and " 1670:was one of the ferns Dioscorides called 1572: 1493:, traditionally identified as a type of 1380: 1327: 979: 843: 599: 517: 370: 233: 20: 14522:Modern understanding of Greek mythology 11141: 8662:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001) 8452:'s "elves of hell" to translate Ovid's 8384:Seth Lerer, "The Canterbury Tales," in 8101:of Abbo of Stain-Germain-des-Prés," in 6881:(Paris, 1808), p. 283; G.T. Villenave, 6559:(Grove Press, 2004), pp. 293, 443, 599. 6344:(Rowman & Littlefield, 1994), p. 2. 6254:Tartareae noctis obscuritate furvescens 5654:The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation 5510:Παρὰ Φερσεφόνει Πλούτωνί τε: Tsagalis, 5271: 4983:, I.iv.11.1, as noted by G.W. Kitchin, 4510:Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide 4114:(Heinemann, 1940), vol. 1, p. 421. The 2803: 2642: 2275:, dating mostly to the 2nd century AD, 2146:was also a cult title for Dionysus and 1889:from a series on gods and goddesses by 1472: 1340: 1249: 1122: 828:, "light-bearer," a regular epithet of 514:is reserved for the underworld itself. 440:239–169 BC), the leading figure in the 15438: 8973:Pluto does not have a singing role in 8861:(Yale University Press, 2002), p. 95; 7971:: A Study of His Poetic Imagination," 7024:: A Study of His Poetic Imagination," 6379:A Commentary on the Plays of Sophocles 5638:Spirit Epicleses in the Acts of Thomas 4925:), 778 in the 1867 edition of Schmidt. 4007:Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 2734:potency, becoming identified with the 2667:, as for instance in the cosmology of 2279:gives birth to Pluto as she passes by 1556:night," crowned with a wreath made of 686:("On the Abduction of Proserpina") by 546:, the Roman god of nocturnal thunder; 366: 224:Western literature and other art forms 222:ruler of the underworld in subsequent 25:1st century sculpture of Pluto in the 14540: 11617: 11140: 9302: 9260: 8784:City and Spectacle in Medieval Europe 8371:John M. Fyler, "Pagan Survivals," in 7693:Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," pp. 104–105. 7623:, p. 49, with reference to Plutarch, 7545:25; all as cited by Joseph B. Mayor, 7115:Aristophanes: Myth, Ritual and Comedy 6723:The Dictionary of Classical Mythology 6621:10.106ff.; Servius, note to Vergil's 6557:The Grove Companion to Samuel Beckett 6141:Food in the Ancient World from A to Z 5896:. The main scene is the departure of 5551:(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010), pp. 347–353. 2889:on the nature of the soul, to Pluto. 2592:Serapis with moon and sun on oil lamp 1994:(ca. 1597), a ceiling mural based on 1370:Attributes of Pluto mentioned in the 975: 956:, the first Greek hero killed in the 921:(ferrugineo lacrimas deterget amictu) 891:in the hope of retrieving his bride, 789:, but the mother is the goddess Nox ( 785:says that Pluto is the father of the 542:a number of other deities, including 468:, 'The Wealthy One,' as is the Greek 170: 127:ruling the sky and his other brother 10914:Oracle of Apollo Thyrxeus at Cyaneae 8448:(Brill, 1981), p. 252. Compare also 7471:on the Occasion of His 65th Birthday 6901:(Cornell University Press, 1987), p. 6711:P. Vergili Maronis. Aeneidos Liber V 6549:"Jusque dans la caverne ciel et sol" 6415:as a magic charm was the remedy for 5620:are from Apostolos N. Athanassakis, 5367:Fritz Graf and Sarah Iles Johnston, 4838:, provides passages from the Orphic 4625:(Cambridge University Press, 1987), 4137:2.14.7, as noted by John Conington, 3776:, the planetoid, with related terms 3686:. The work of mythographers such as 3677: 3534:Abduction of Proserpine on a Unicorn 3462:Abduction of Proserpine on a Unicorn 2829:. For instance, in the 9th century, 2619:was identified with Aion Plutonius. 2258:and in his lectures explicating the 1793:of Pseudo-Apollodorus uses the name 1365: 1192: 1153:encircles "the roots of the earth." 839: 400:as the god most hateful to mortals. 92:came into widespread usage with the 9180:Perhaps a play on the Italian verb 9167:, pp. 85, 98, 114, citing Chelser, 8070:Spectacles of Death in Ancient Rome 7156:Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal, 6934:line 47, in the prologue spoken by 6692:Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal, 6636:Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal, 6568:Bernabé and Jiménez San Cristóbal, 6240:in the passage pertaining to Pluto. 5102:(Greek accusative instead of Latin 4514:Sanchuniathon's history of the gods 3764: 3632:Orpheus before Pluto and Proserpina 3160: 2893:Medieval and Renaissance literature 2881:This work derives from that of the 2721: 2118:He is the perfect and accomplished 2010:Persephone and Pluto or Hades on a 849:Orpheus before Pluto and Proserpina 720:Pluto in Western art and literature 119:, the god received the rule of the 64:. The earlier name for the god was 13: 14995: 14517:Greek mythology in popular culture 9865:Relationship with Greek philosophy 9806:Religions of the ancient Near East 8202:in his note to the translation of 6785:edition, translation and notes by 6683:7.61. Persephone is not mentioned. 6516:The Seven Books of Paulus Aegineta 6440:Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments 6336:, lines 7–9, as cited by Radford, 6268:De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii 6096:, generally called "corn-flag" by 5967:2.9, edition of 1651, pp. 173–174. 4686:(Cornell University Press, 1987), 4674:Statius. Thebaid VII: A Commentary 4162:(C.H. Beck, 1967, 1992), p. 246ff. 4106:frg. 7 in the edition of Vahlen = 4059:The Twelve Gods of Greece and Rome 3604:. In addition to personifying the 2971:(the Latin name of Persephone) in 2110:, saying that Pluto gives wealth ( 2002:In Greek literature and philosophy 1941:, just as in the Greek tradition, 1676:and prescribed as a contraceptive 1228:A set of curse tablets written in 625:and the extended narrative of the 394:names for Hades, described in the 14: 15492: 15466:Residents of the Greek underworld 13258:Necromanteion (necromancy temple) 9950:Religious views of emperor Julian 9245: 9030:(W.W. Norton, 2003), pp. 488–492. 8921:Piero Gelli and Filippo Poletti, 8792:Mardi Gras parades in New Orleans 7888:and was a new year's celebration. 7880:, "Hermann Hesse and Gnosis," in 7843:(Éditions Peeters, 1981), p. 310. 7526:Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion 6891:Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion 6752:Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion 6481:, p. 48. The Styx here is a pool. 6423:the mythological figure Narcissus 4518:"Theogonies and cosmology" below. 4198:as his source, who in turn cites 3364:Scenes set in Pluto's realm were 3082:tenebrosa sede tyrannus / exierat 3050:(1565) was of great influence on 2963:Influenced by Ovid and Claudian, 2846:Little Book on Images of the Gods 2709:Planets in astrology § Pluto 2615:, at the site of a dream oracle, 2450: 2226:their mother, with their sisters 778:, often identified as Pluto. The 404:says that people prefer the name 9221: 9208: 9191: 9174: 9157: 9144: 9135: 9122: 9109: 9096: 9076: 9059: 9046: 9033: 9020: 9003: 8986: 8967: 8954: 8941: 8928: 8915: 8902: 8889: 8872: 8847: 8822: 8801: 8776: 8763: 8751: 8738: 8731:(Le tornoiement de l'Antéchrist) 8716: 8696: 8679: 8649: 8634:(Blackwell, 2007), p. 453. Both 8624: 8580: 8524: 8471: 8431: 8378: 8375:(Blackwell, 2000, 2002), p. 351. 8365: 8352: 8343: 8326: 8309: 8296: 8283: 8266: 8250: 8241:"Perché tieni? e "Perché burli?" 8233: 8192: 8174: 8153: 8136: 8109:(Peeters, 2007), pp. 28–29, but 8084: 8075: 8058: 8041: 7995: 7982: 7951: 7938: 7925: 7912: 7891: 7870: 7846: 7784: 7759: 7742: 7737:Gott und die Götter bei Plutarch 7705: 7702:Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," p. 111. 7696: 7687: 7662: 7644:(2nd century AD), by the French 7634: 7586: 7569: 7552: 7531: 7515: 7502: 7485: 7476: 7459: 7442: 7429: 7417: 7381: 7368: 7321: 7301: 7284: 7260: 7247: 7231: 7209: 7189: 7182:Translation by Benjamin Jowett, 7176: 7163: 7158:Instructions for the Netherworld 7150: 7137: 7120: 7107: 7094: 7089:Instructions for the Netherworld 7081: 7076:Caravaggio and His Two Cardinals 7052: 7049:(Ashmolean Museum, 1996), p. 78. 7035: 7011: 6998: 6975: 6941: 6917: 6904: 6871: 6855: 6833: 6815: 6792: 6765: 6756:Instructions for the Netherworld 6741: 6728: 6725:(Blackwell, 1986, 1996), p. 385. 6703: 6694:Instructions for the Netherworld 6686: 6664: 6653:, a rival for the attentions of 6643: 6638:Instructions for the Netherworld 6630: 6611: 6593: 6575: 6570:Instructions for the Netherworld 6562: 6538: 6525: 6484: 6467: 6445: 6428: 6397: 6384: 6369:, p. 2; Jan Coenradd Kamerbeek, 6347: 6327: 6314: 6275: 6250:Lucifuga inumbratione pallescens 6243: 6218: 6198: 5942:(Ashmolean Museum, 1996), p. 35. 5724:Magic in the Ancient Greek World 5607:(Routledge, 2003, 2005), p. 188. 5316:Athenian Officials, 684–321 B.C. 5162:Thesaurus graecarum antiquitatum 4812:, and elsewhere says that Night 4578:Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus) 2295:Orphic and philosophical systems 1521:. The plant was also used as an 1300:, was connected to the rites of 1141:("Good Counsel"). In the hymn's 690:(d. 404 AD). Ovid uses the name 8072:(Routledge, 1998, 2001), p. 59. 7807:27), noted by G.F. Hildebrand, 7100:Identified as Hades by Hansen, 6287:4.446, as cited John G. Fitch, 6187:(London, 1847), p. 270; Dalby, 6174: 6154: 6078: 6059: 6028: 6015: 5970: 5957: 5945: 5928: 5915: 5862: 5849: 5828: 5807: 5802:American Journal of Archaeology 5790: 5759: 5746: 5729: 5716: 5703: 5690: 5673: 5643: 5627: 5610: 5570: 5554: 5541: 5525: 5504: 5491: 5476:6, 2nd/1st century BC) and 17 ( 5466: 5453: 5440: 5427: 5374: 5361: 5348: 5321: 5287: 5254: 5215: 5167: 5126: 5109: 5085: 5072: 5055: 5042: 5029: 5000: 4993:(lines 601–602), the figure of 4967: 4928: 4912: 4889: 4876: 4866: 4853: 4790: 4778: 4755: 4712: 4695: 4666: 4631: 4607: 4583: 4562: 4549: 4536: 4523: 4454: 4403: 4360: 4344: 4317: 4288: 4267: 4239: 4182: 4165: 4144: 4089: 4068: 4063:American Journal of Archaeology 4051: 4038: 4016: 3985: 3419:La descente d'Orphée aux Enfers 3305:La descente d'Orphée aux enfers 2784:, where fallen gladiators were 2580:, is complex and much debated. 2440:her substance has more of earth 2202:goddess of abundance, produces 1012:with the "strewing of a couch" 738:, and certainly by the time of 651:(1st century BC) and the Latin 15451:Deities in classical mythology 8964:(Amadeus Press, 1997), p. 115. 8884:Compendio delle sontuose feste 8592: 8340:(Facts on File, 2006), p. 540. 7781:on the question of authorship. 7028:19.4 (1965), pp. 238, 240–248 6991:, line 188, as cited by Cook, 6877:A.L. Millin, "Mythologie," in 6392:Greek and Egyptian Mythologies 6232:9, 20, 35. The word γλαυκότης 6139:79, as cited by Andrew Dalby, 5925:68.4 (1999), p. 544, note 160. 5800:; "Summaries of Periodicals," 5382:Ritual Texts and the Afterlife 5369:Ritual Texts and the Afterlife 5314:, as cited by Robert Develin, 5148:; the 17th-century classicist 4921:, lexicon entry on Ἰσοδαίτης ( 4141:(London, 1883), vol. 3, p. 36. 3964: 3936: 3923: 3899: 3877: 3859: 3846: 3833: 3817: 3572:Theogonies and cosmology above 3425:danced the role of the god in 3046:, whose translation of Ovid's 2837:survives, called the invading 2693:icastic or truly imitative art 2477:A dedicatory inscription from 2218:Then Saturn took Ops to wife. 2062:to bring back one of the dead 574:(Μούθ). Muth was described by 1: 9801:Proto-Indo-European mythology 9071:Rembrandt and the Female Nude 8386:The Yale Companion to Chaucer 8222:, note to his translation of 8161:De deorum imaginibus libellus 8143:De deorum imaginibus libellus 7960:, "The Powers of Darkness in 7827:, particularly the figure of 7651:, as cited and translated by 7412:Polydore Vergil: On Discovery 7316:Polydore Vergil: On Discovery 7202:828d, translation from Long, 6758:, pp. 25–26; W.K.C. Guthrie, 6696:, pp. 93 and 124–125, citing 6518:, pp. 22–23; Richard Hunter, 6340:, p. 145; Clayton Zimmerman, 6230:Theologiae Graecae Compendium 5685:A Companion to Roman Religion 5640:(Mohr Siebeck, 2010), p. 174. 5565:The Cults of the Greek States 5549:A Companion to Greek Religion 5448:Mystic Cults in Magna Graecia 5282:The Cults of the Greek States 4572:of Pseudo-Apollodorus as the 3871:The Cults of the Greek States 3596:who resembles a three-headed 3496:Jacob Isaacsz. van Swanenburg 2923:Papé Satàn, papé Satàn aleppe 2703:In Western art and literature 2471: 1684:in a 1946 poem, in which the 1078:appears more frequently than 887:In his central myth, Orpheus 460:. In the mid-1st century BC, 13575:Greek mythological creatures 10101:Funeral and burial practices 8880:Monteverdi's Musical Theatre 8859:Monteverdi's Musical Theatre 8769:Entry on "Popular Culture," 8689:4.270, as cited by Radford, 8208:The Inferno: Dante Alighieri 8022:; see 2.15, where Pluto and 7132:The Comedies of Aristophanes 6390:"Death and Greek Myths," in 5741:Magic, Withcraft, and Ghosts 5210:Henry Fielding: Miscellanies 5192:(London, 1872), p. 280, and 5164:(Leiden, 1699), vol. 7, 104. 4934:David Scott Wilson-Okamura, 4160:Römische Religionsgeschichte 3794:, named after the planetoid; 3169:and composers of opera (see 3062:. Golding translates Ovid's 2583: 2210:(Hera), Neptune, Pluto, and 1608:were given to Pluto. In the 1308:was subsumed by the cult of 1161:cave within the district of 753: 589: 324:as the child of Demeter and 316:, with the consent of Zeus. 7: 10934:Sanctuary of the Great Gods 10924:Oracle of Artemis at Ikaros 8912:(SUNY Press, 1994), p. 230. 8145:, chapter 6, "De Plutone": 8068:1.379–398; Donald G. Kyle, 7977:Metropolitan Museum Journal 7857:Hellenism in Late Antiquity 7754:Neoplatonism and Gnosticism 7547:De natura deorum libri tres 7314:1.14; Brian P. Copenhaver, 6535:, pp. 31, 82, 180 (note 5). 6171:17 (1898), vol. 36, p. 428. 5838:(Routledge, 1997), p. 137; 5767:Religion and Reconciliation 5082:(Routledge, 1999), p. 54ff. 4941:Genealogia deorum gentilium 4848:Religion and Reconciliation 4684:Seneca's 'Hercules Furens' 4506:Pieter Willem van der Horst 4435:to be an oracle of Pluto" ( 4048:(Brill, 1996), pp. 145–146. 3792:naturally occurring element 3734:(1926, an early version of 3556:Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto 3448: 3023:/ in cloke of grene" ("the 2987:King). As in the anonymous 2460:Jupiter, Neptune, and Pluto 2255:Genealogia Deorum Gentilium 2170:Euhemerism and Latinization 1959:wedding of Cupid and Psyche 1221:to chthonic deities, whose 1063:preserved by the so-called 1059:In the ritual texts of the 702:only once; translators and 644:traditionally known as the 550:, the Roman god from whose 320:, "Wealth," appears in the 250:depicting the abduction of 55: 10: 15497: 15054:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus 14993: 13580:Greek mythological figures 10919:Oracle of Apollo at Ptoion 10863:Temple of Artemis, Ephesus 10341:Greek terracotta figurines 9722:Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis 9015:A History of Baroque Music 8949:Dizionario dell'opera 2008 8923:Dizionario dell'opera 2008 8897:A History of Baroque Music 8724:Orpheus in the Middle Ages 8668:, with a few instances of 8593:Offspring of Pluto (above) 8204:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow 7560:Proclus' Commentary on the 6981:Codex Augustanus, note to 6760:Orpheus and Greek Religion 6736:Contraception and Abortion 6533:Contraception and Abortion 6407:, p. 2; Carlin A. Barton, 6075:IV.1264, and inscriptions. 5888:in the collections of the 5687:(Blackwell, 2007), p. 264. 5052:(De Gruyter, 2010), p. 16. 4985:Book I of The Faery Queene 4044:Fernando Navarro Antolin, 3995:, pp. 162 and 182, citing 2883:Third Vatican Mythographer 2706: 2663:. This idea is present in 2287:. This is also called the 2054:. The play depicts a mock 1783:The helmet of invisibility 1767:ascent from the underworld 1324:Iconography and attributes 1253: 593: 578:as the equivalent of both 491:), he says that among the 456:was only a translation of 15385: 15347: 15321: 15290: 15249: 15177: 15093: 15072: 15049:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus 15006: 14870: 14595: 14578: 14490: 14395: 14192: 14137: 14094: 14087: 13979: 13883: 13768: 13652: 13643: 13600: 13567: 13560: 13553: 13516: 13490: 13437: 13365: 13344: 13318: 13277: 13257: 13227: 13200: 13174: 13167: 13141: 13100: 13091: 13082: 12792: 12565: 12530: 12288: 12277: 12175: 12144: 12118: 12087: 12051: 11965: 11899: 11855: 11699: 11665: 11610: 11512: 11434: 11404: 11328: 11257: 11248: 11165: 11150: 11136: 11066: 11040: 11014: 10983: 10947: 10876: 10798: 10791: 10736: 10713: 10706: 10458: 10451: 10394: 10309: 10227: 10066: 10059: 10022: 9962: 9845: 9814: 9789:List of Mycenaean deities 9769: 9762: 9615: 9574: 9505: 9490: 9337:Ancient accounts of Homer 9312: 9298: 8934:Charpentier's Pluto is a 8403:A Midsummer Night's Dream 8239:The tormented souls wail 8169:The Vatican Mythographers 7748:Thompson, "ISmyrna 753," 7619:. See also Van den Berg, 7566:(Brill, 2008), pp. 34–35. 7347:70 (1980), p. 20, citing 6995:, vol. 2, p. 806, note 6. 6883:Les métamorphoses d'Ovide 6264:1.79–80; Danuta Shanzer, 6189:Food in the Ancient World 5726:(Blackwell, 2008), p. 73. 4936:Virgil in the Renaissance 3914:Apostolos N. Athanassakis 3732:The First Lady Chatterley 3705:Tess of the d'Urbervilles 3645:(1621–22), also known as 3586:Francesco Maria Del Monte 3346:Orpheus in the Underworld 2689:of being and of not-being 2570:sodality or "brotherhood" 2190:(the Roman equivalent of 2106:explain the etymology of 2066:in the hope of restoring 2056:descent to the underworld 1870: 1145:, Pluto's dwelling is in 899:, as for instance in the 229: 49: 15308:Rape of the Sabine Women 13265:Necromanteion of Acheron 13249:Ploutonion at Hierapolis 10828:Necromanteion of Acheron 9704:Interpretation of Dreams 8882:p. 81, quoting Follino, 8840:(n.p.); Carlo Pedretti, 8728:Li Tournoiemenz Anticrit 8711:The Spenser Encyclopedia 8618:The Shepheardes Calender 8589:The Spencer Encyclopedia 7990:Journal of Roman Studies 7944:Entry on "Demiurge," in 7777:II.36.1 (1987), p. 441, 7769:sometimes attributed to 6970:Seneca's Hercules Furens 6827:Gargantua and Pantagruel 6511:Gargantua and Pantagruel 6460:1.77, as noted by Jebb, 6056:(Tyndale, 2001), p. 561. 6054:Tyndale Bible Dictionary 5616:The translations of the 5037:The Spenser Encyclopedia 5008:The Spenser Encyclopedia 4431:who holds the oracle in 4139:P. Vergili Maronis Opera 3810: 3560:Giove, Nettuno e Plutone 3117:, images and ideas from 2848:, Pluto is described as 2792:received their souls as 2665:Renaissance Neoplatonism 2442:in it than of the other 2425:of celestial phenomena: 2165:Theogonies and cosmology 1991:Giove, Nettuno e Plutone 1910:three types of lightning 1513:was mixed with wine and 254:by Pluto, 4th century BC 15313:Battle of Lacus Curtius 12398:(Castor and Polydeuces) 10868:Temple of Zeus, Olympia 10329:Chryselephantine statue 10024:New religious movements 9130:The Classical Tradition 9117:The Classical Tradition 9104:The Complete Engravings 8830:Music and Theatre from 8809:Music and Theatre from 8798:(Pelican, 2002), p. 15. 8771:The Classical Tradition 7946:The Classical Tradition 7933:The Classical Tradition 7920:The Classical Tradition 7541:5.66 (on Dis); Seneca, 7186:(London, 1873), vol. 1. 7147:, pp. 231–233, 269–271. 7128:Benjamin Bickley Rogers 6885:(Paris, 1806), p. 307; 6520:Theocritus: A Selection 6334:Homeric Hymn to Demeter 6036:Les religions de l'Asie 5624:(Scholars Press, 1977). 5516:Homeric Hymn to Demeter 5341:330–270; Karl Kerényi, 4627:limited preview online. 4619:Homeric Hymn to Demeter 4152:The Tragedies of Ennius 4078:, pp. 101–102; Morrow, 4031:403a; Glenn R. Morrow, 3737:Lady Chatterley's Lover 3659:Abduction of Proserpina 3546:leader of the Wild Hunt 3498:, the first teacher of 3474:Abduction of Proserpina 2813:known variously as the 2600:, the title or epithet 2470:(see description under 1882:(1588–89) with bident, 1666:has suggested that the 1610:Homeric Hymn to Demeter 1463:judges in the afterlife 628:Homeric Hymn to Demeter 596:Abduction of Persephone 479:, the Greek geographer 147:and of the philosopher 60:) was the ruler of the 15000: 14568:Ancient Roman religion 10014:Samothracian Mysteries 9796:Paleo-Balkan mythology 9307:and religious practice 9288:Ancient Greek religion 9128:Entry on "Sculpture," 9093:(Dover, 1973), p. 178. 8844:(Giunti, 1999), p. 72. 8842:Leonardo: The Machines 8548:'s epic, Marlowe uses 8373:A Companion to Chaucer 8128: 8120: 8112: 8099:Bella Parisiacae urbis 8095:Bella Parisiacae urbis 7809:L. Apuleii Opera Omnia 7798: 7765:In the Latin dialogue 7605:Loeb Classical Library 7439:(Brill, 2003), p. 157. 7184:The Dialogues of Plato 6879:Magasin Encyclopédique 6866:Essays Civil and Moral 6783:Loeb Classical Library 6479:The Pastoral Narcissus 6405:The Pastoral Narcissus 6367:The Pastoral Narcissus 6303:, 5.310. On the color 5904:(ρφάτα) on the right. 5756:(Brill, 1982), p. 454. 5681:Jesus' Defeat of Death 5208:; Betrand A. Goldgar, 5183:The Eating of the Gods 5100:inlacrimabilem Plutona 4808:the Eumenides and the 4494:. See entry on "Mot," 4465:Praeparatio Evangelica 4437:Loeb Classical Library 4212:Loeb Classical Library 4110:78 = E.H. Warmington, 3961:(Brill, 1956), p. 198. 3648:The Rape of Proserpina 3627:Jan Brueghel the Elder 3512:treatment of the scene 3481: 3465: 3226: 3202:Il ballo delle ingrate 3171:List of Orphean operas 2879: 2841:the "spawn of Pluto." 2718: 2699:translunar Demiurge." 2593: 2474: 2448: 2359: 2241: 2128: 2090: 2018: 1893: 1582: 1401: 1337: 1177: 1107:identifies Pluto with 1102: 992: 923:, an image renewed by 856: 853:Jan Brueghel the Elder 618: 606:The Rape of Proserpina 566:, regarded as Pluto's 384: 280:, the six children of 255: 214:in French and German, 143:, in the works of the 34:ancient Greek religion 29: 16:God in Greek mythology 14999: 11074:Athenian sacred ships 10884:Amphiareion of Oropos 10113:Greco-Roman mysteries 9847:Hellenistic religions 9236:The Heroes of Olympus 9201:, pp. 247, 252, 254, 8744:Theresa Lynn Tinkle, 8722:John Block Friedman, 8709:as noted by Maresca, 8454:Avernales ... nymphas 8263:, Canto VI, line 115. 8247:, Canto VII, line 30. 8165:Liber Ymaginum deorum 7918:Entry on "Demiurge," 7794: 7672:, who is paired with 7659:(Brill, 1985), p. 54. 7543:Consolatio ad Marciam 7473:(Brill, 1981), p. 13. 7435:Rieuwerd Buitenwerf, 6224:P.G. Maxwell-Stuart, 6025:(Brill, 1972), p. 26. 5561:Lewis Richard Farnell 5501:(Brill, 2008), p. 84. 5398:hypochthonioi basilei 5175:Dialogues of the Dead 4621:, see Stephen Hinds, 4439:translation of 1936, 4425:Archemachus of Euboea 4259:Christian eschatology 4200:Demetrius of Phalerum 3953:, "The Origin of the 3866:Lewis Richard Farnell 3754:The Heroes of Olympus 3588:, his most important 3471: 3456: 3217: 2909:fourth circle of Hell 2873:, tributaries of the 2850: 2716: 2591: 2458: 2427: 2392:, where according to 2377:is here connected to 2325: 2309:Clementine literature 2216: 2116: 2076: 2009: 1878: 1821:; and Pluto a helmet 1661:Historian of medicine 1639:Conti's inclusion of 1576: 1423:(Greek Zeus) and the 1384: 1336:, ca. 440–430 BC 1331: 1167: 1113:Lewis Richard Farnell 1096: 983: 950:Dialogues of the Dead 889:visits the underworld 847: 766:, the chthonic nymph 603: 518:Other identifications 425:), by means of which 374: 237: 24: 15456:Eleusinian Mysteries 15193:Interpretatio graeca 14297:Necklace of Harmonia 14124:Orpheus and Eurydice 14104:Calydonian boar hunt 13300:Isles of the Blessed 12553:Seven against Thebes 10929:Oracle of Menestheus 10419:Greek Magical Papyri 9989:Eleusinian Mysteries 9966:and sacred mysteries 9686:Greek Magical Papyri 9412:Interpretatio graeca 9392:Greek words for love 9188:, Canto VII, line 2. 9115:Entry on "Orpheus," 9083:Mary Margaret Heaton 8998:Opera's First Master 8758:The Assembly of Gods 8660:Ovid's Metamorphoses 8506:Troilus and Cressida 8421:The Canterbury Tales 8416:Walter William Skeat 8414:) and reiterated by 8334:Troilus and Criseyde 8276:p. 206; Mandelbaum, 7973:Vigiliae Christianae 7931:Entry on "Orpheus," 7861:Vigiliae Christianae 7597:The Face of the Moon 7365:in Latin is debated. 7026:Vigiliae Christianae 6098:historical botanists 6041:Greek Magical Papyri 5892:, attributed to the 5890:J. Paul Getty Museum 5783:21672.140; see also 5618:Orphic Hymn to Pluto 4990:The Assembly of Gods 4682:, or John G. Fitch, 4429:Heracleides Ponticus 4214:translation, in the 4112:Remains of Old Latin 3806:, a geologic theory. 3643:Pluto and Proserpina 3441:(1952) was based on 3328:(1733). Pluto was a 3223:Orpheus and Eurydice 3107:The Assembly of Gods 3070:'s use of the Latin 3008:that undermines the 2954:throughout his epic 2804:Medieval mythography 2744:Christian apologists 2643:Neoplatonic demiurge 2613:Ptolemaic Alexandria 2186:. Here the union of 2031:Athenian playwrights 1965:'s workshop for the 1811:their battle against 1533:to an etymology for 1489:, more often called 1473:Vegetation and color 1372:Orphic Hymn to Pluto 1341:In Eleusinian scenes 1292:. The ploutonion at 1250:Sanctuaries of Pluto 1199:Greek Magical Papyri 1131:Orphic Hymn to Pluto 1124:Orphic Hymn to Pluto 684:De raptu Proserpinae 638:Eleusinian Mysteries 611:Gian Lorenzo Bernini 536:Hellenistic religion 499:by the Greek author 452:in 249 BC, and that 379:, in the company of 145:Athenian playwrights 94:Eleusinian Mysteries 15393:Classical mythology 15214:Theology of victory 15059:Kings of Alba Longa 14372:Trident of Poseidon 14337:Philosopher's stone 14247:Girdle of Aphrodite 14119:Labours of Heracles 13503:Cap of invisibility 12979:Messapian shepherds 12177:Other major deities 12162:Hermes Trismegistus 11120:Theatre of Dionysus 11032:Islands of Diomedes 10991:Cave of Zeus, Aydın 10366:Panathenaic amphora 10237:Amphictyonic league 9984:Dionysian Mysteries 9900:Hellenistic Judaism 9735:Sortes Astrampsychi 8947:Gelli and Poletti, 8886:(1608), and p. 152. 8819:, especially p. ix. 8794:; Henri Schindler, 8558:First Book of Lucan 8512:The Rape of Lucrece 8390:The Merchant's Tale 8304:Jerusalem Delivered 7853:Pseudo-Callisthenes 7621:Proclus' Commentary 7558:R.M. van den Berg, 7537:Cornutus 5; Varro, 7522:Arthur Bernard Cook 7510:The Derveni Papyrus 7493:The Derveni Papyrus 7331:of Lactantius read 7292:Plato's Cretan City 7275:Plato's Cretan City 7171:Plato's Cretan City 7102:Classical Mythology 7074:Creighton Gilbert, 6964:, the "Jove of the 6887:Arthur Bernard Cook 6800:Classical Mythology 6748:Arthur Bernard Cook 6182:The Seven Books of 6147:and the Latin word 6084:Ancient sources on 5997:, a translation of 5991:Jane Ellen Harrison 5327:Nicholas F. Jones, 5262:Plato's Cretan City 5233:painter, dating to 4736:was the concubine ( 4613:Andrew D. Radford, 4555:Christos Tsagalis, 4531:Classical Mythology 4502:Karel van der Toorn 4427:has said, and also 4281:, throughout which 4080:Plato's Cretan City 4057:Charlotte R. Long, 3993:Classical Mythology 3854:Classical Mythology 3841:Classical Mythology 3692:Jane Ellen Harrison 3349:(1858), in which a 3325:Hippolyte et Aricie 3292:tragédie en musique 3127:new medium of print 3119:classical antiquity 3056:Christopher Marlowe 3052:William Shakespeare 3006:battle of the sexes 2981:The Merchant's Tale 2957:Jerusalem Delivered 2811:Christian mythology 2174:In the theogony of 1867:in the execution." 1843:, "invisible," and 1830:Cap of Invisibility 1757:. The tree was the 1731:Orphic gold tablets 1705:The cypress (Greek 907:classical tradition 568:Egyptian equivalent 390:was one of several 367:Plouton and Ploutos 262:does not appear in 163:to the underworld. 15001: 14342:Shield of Achilles 13517:Animals, daemons, 13295:Fields of Asphodel 13039:Polybus of Corinth 12543:Calydonian hunters 11167:Primordial deities 11022:Island of Achilles 10965:Mount Ida (Turkey) 10376:Sacrificial tripod 10060:Religious practice 9974:Arcadian Mysteries 9855:Early Christianity 9784:Mycenaean religion 9648:Catalogue of Women 9232:The Son of Neptune 9052:Frederick Kiefer, 8996:, p. 250; Ringer, 8960:James R. Anthony, 8908:Kristiaan Aercke, 8895:George J. Buelow, 8838:Leonardo's drawing 8418:in his edition of 8360:Critical Companion 8133:, "dear, beloved." 7907:domus ... Plutonia 7905:1.4.17, where the 7799: 7649:William of Conches 7058:Robertson et al., 6954:; compare Vergil, 6830:Book 5, Chapter 8. 6600:Isidore of Seville 6492:Historia plantarum 6477:3.505; Zimmerman, 6377:; James C. Hogan, 6355:Oedipus at Colonus 6107:Historia Plantarum 6050:Book of Revelation 5993:, introduction to 5982:Oedipus at Colonus 5599:23; Athanassakis, 5484:, 25–40 AD), from 5480:1, from the early 5158:Theologia gentilis 5152:, translating the 4504:, Bob Becking and 4372:Isidore of Seville 4314:II, i, col. 998ff. 4222:describes Pluto's 4125:form of the noun ( 4121:retains the Greek 4086:114 (1999), p. 88. 3951:Hendrik Wagenvoort 3894:Richmond Lattimore 3800:, a geologic term; 3606:classical elements 3482: 3466: 3431:Orefeo ed Euridice 3353:sings the role of 3227: 2973:English literature 2798:(Iovis infernalis) 2719: 2594: 2475: 2371:primordial element 2064:tragic playwrights 2019: 1894: 1626:erotic fascination 1583: 1402: 1338: 1306:Roman Imperial era 1274:Greek inscriptions 1268:). The complex at 1016:tên klinên strôsai 993: 976:Mysteries and cult 952:, Pluto questions 857: 619: 552:purification rites 528:Zeus Catachthonios 477:Roman Imperial era 385: 334:, took place in a 256: 186:form of the Greek 172:[ˈpluːtoː] 30: 15461:Epithets of Hades 15433: 15432: 15410:Etruscan religion 15024:Romulus and Remus 15007:Legendary figures 14991: 14990: 14640:Castor and Pollux 14534: 14533: 14530: 14529: 14486: 14485: 14352:Sword of Damocles 14188: 14187: 14129:Returns from Troy 14114:Judgment of Paris 14099:Apollo and Daphne 13879: 13878: 13875: 13874: 13857:Stymphalian birds 13827:Mares of Diomedes 13549: 13548: 13273: 13272: 13223: 13222: 12561: 12560: 12273: 12272: 12119:Trickster deities 12088:Messenger deities 11961: 11960: 11695: 11694: 11430: 11429: 11329:Second generation 11132: 11131: 11128: 11127: 10960:Mount Ida (Crete) 10787: 10786: 10783: 10782: 10779: 10778: 10738:Panhellenic Games 10723:Panathenaic Games 10055: 10054: 10004:Mysteries of Isis 9994:Imbrian Mysteries 9964:Mystery religions 9930:Etruscan religion 9758: 9757: 9169:Women and Madness 8980:Orfeo ed Euridice 8685:For instance, at 8317:The House of Fame 8117:(classical Latin 7992:80 (1990), p. 67. 7979:9 (1974) 153–161. 7958:Friedrich Solmsen 7354:Patrologia Latina 7312:Divine Institutes 7273:828 B-D; Morrow, 7126:As summarized by 7018:Friedrich Solmsen 7008:, vol. 2, p. 803. 6914:, vol. 2, p. 801. 6258:Martianus Capella 6117:De Materia Medica 5825:131 on the dream. 5660:; John G. Gager, 5567:, vol. 3, p. 145. 5538:), 643 (Schmidt). 5512:Inscribing Sorrow 5461:Inscribing Sorrow 5418:Hagios Athanasios 5356:Inscribing Sorrow 5223:Inscribing Sorrow 5115:A.S.P. Woodhouse 4980:The Faerie Queene 4820:is their mother. 4637:In Book 6 of the 4544:The Homeric Hymns 4351:Martianus Capella 4129:instead of Latin 4076:Inscribing Sorrow 3714:Victorian culture 3678:Modern literature 3635:(1604), painting. 3520:characterizations 3437:choreographed by 3205:(1608). In their 3155:Leonardo da Vinci 3010:Christian imagery 2727:Christian writers 2647:The Neoplatonist 2625:Mithraic religion 2563: 2562: 2462:, ceiling mural ( 2273:Sibylline Oracles 2271:In Book 3 of the 2244:three aspects of 2025:is first used in 1975:Agostino Carracci 1721:. In the myth of 1630:myth of Narcissus 1550:Martianus Capella 1477:According to the 1390:Agostino Carracci 1366:The keys of Pluto 1304:, but during the 1193:Magic invocations 1061:mystery religions 940:The Greek writer 933:(106–107): "Such 840:Pluto and Orpheus 834:The Faerie Queene 817:The Faerie Queene 676:(Book 5) and the 615:Galleria Borghese 556:month of February 377:horn of abundance 375:Ploutos with the 344:sympathetic magic 340:ritual copulation 15488: 15471:Greek death gods 15303:Founding of Rome 15073:Legendary beings 15034:Tullus Hostilius 14871:Abstract deities 14730:Lares Familiares 14593: 14592: 14561: 14554: 14547: 14538: 14537: 14448:Rod of Asclepius 14215:Apple of Discord 14092: 14091: 13812:Erymanthian boar 13721:Horses of Helios 13650: 13649: 13565: 13564: 13558: 13557: 13192:Heraclea Pontica 13172: 13171: 13098: 13097: 13089: 13088: 12286: 12285: 11862: 11861: 11857:Chthonic deities 11615: 11614: 11436:Twelve Olympians 11405:Third generation 11258:First generation 11255: 11254: 11163: 11162: 11138: 11137: 11048:Castalian Spring 10796: 10795: 10711: 10710: 10456: 10455: 10404:Apotropaic magic 10185:Animal sacrifice 10064: 10063: 9860:Christianization 9767: 9766: 9503: 9502: 9300: 9299: 9281: 9274: 9267: 9258: 9257: 9239: 9225: 9219: 9212: 9206: 9195: 9189: 9178: 9172: 9161: 9155: 9148: 9142: 9139: 9133: 9126: 9120: 9113: 9107: 9100: 9094: 9080: 9074: 9063: 9057: 9050: 9044: 9037: 9031: 9024: 9018: 9007: 9001: 8990: 8984: 8971: 8965: 8958: 8952: 8945: 8939: 8932: 8926: 8919: 8913: 8906: 8900: 8893: 8887: 8876: 8870: 8867:The Court Masque 8851: 8845: 8826: 8820: 8805: 8799: 8780: 8774: 8767: 8761: 8755: 8749: 8742: 8736: 8720: 8714: 8700: 8694: 8683: 8677: 8653: 8647: 8628: 8622: 8584: 8578: 8574:Hero and Leander 8528: 8522: 8503:for strength in 8492:Henry IV, Part 2 8486:Titus Andronicus 8475: 8469: 8442:The Goldyn Targe 8435: 8429: 8382: 8376: 8369: 8363: 8356: 8350: 8347: 8341: 8330: 8324: 8313: 8307: 8300: 8294: 8287: 8281: 8270: 8264: 8254: 8248: 8237: 8231: 8220:Allen Mandelbaum 8200:Peter Bondanella 8196: 8190: 8178: 8172: 8157: 8151: 8140: 8134: 8131: 8123: 8115: 8088: 8082: 8079: 8073: 8066:Contra Symmachum 8062: 8056: 8045: 8039: 7999: 7993: 7986: 7980: 7955: 7949: 7942: 7936: 7929: 7923: 7916: 7910: 7895: 7889: 7874: 7868: 7850: 7844: 7833:Jean-Pierre Mahé 7813:Valerius Flaccus 7788: 7782: 7763: 7757: 7746: 7740: 7709: 7703: 7700: 7694: 7691: 7685: 7666: 7660: 7638: 7632: 7590: 7584: 7573: 7567: 7556: 7550: 7539:De lingua latina 7535: 7529: 7519: 7513: 7506: 7500: 7489: 7483: 7480: 7474: 7463: 7457: 7446: 7440: 7433: 7427: 7421: 7415: 7398:, with Jove and 7392:De natura deorum 7385: 7379: 7372: 7366: 7325: 7319: 7305: 7299: 7294:, p. 453; Long, 7288: 7282: 7264: 7258: 7251: 7245: 7235: 7229: 7213: 7207: 7193: 7187: 7180: 7174: 7167: 7161: 7154: 7148: 7141: 7135: 7124: 7118: 7111: 7105: 7098: 7092: 7085: 7079: 7072: 7063: 7056: 7050: 7039: 7033: 7022:Contra Symmachum 7015: 7009: 7002: 6996: 6988:Phoenician Women 6979: 6973: 6945: 6939: 6921: 6915: 6908: 6902: 6875: 6869: 6868:21, "Of Delays." 6859: 6853: 6837: 6831: 6819: 6813: 6809:Against Heresies 6796: 6790: 6769: 6763: 6745: 6739: 6732: 6726: 6709:Arthur Calvert, 6707: 6701: 6690: 6684: 6668: 6662: 6647: 6641: 6634: 6628: 6615: 6609: 6597: 6591: 6579: 6573: 6566: 6560: 6542: 6536: 6529: 6523: 6488: 6482: 6471: 6465: 6449: 6443: 6432: 6426: 6401: 6395: 6388: 6382: 6351: 6345: 6331: 6325: 6318: 6312: 6279: 6273: 6247: 6241: 6236:, however, is a 6222: 6216: 6202: 6196: 6178: 6172: 6158: 6152: 6082: 6076: 6063: 6057: 6032: 6026: 6019: 6013: 5974: 5968: 5961: 5955: 5949: 5943: 5934:Clare Robertson 5932: 5926: 5919: 5913: 5866: 5860: 5853: 5847: 5832: 5826: 5823:Life of Isidoros 5811: 5805: 5794: 5788: 5763: 5757: 5750: 5744: 5733: 5727: 5720: 5714: 5707: 5701: 5694: 5688: 5677: 5671: 5650:Hans Dieter Betz 5647: 5641: 5631: 5625: 5622:The Orphic Hymns 5614: 5608: 5574: 5568: 5558: 5552: 5545: 5539: 5529: 5523: 5508: 5502: 5495: 5489: 5470: 5464: 5457: 5451: 5444: 5438: 5431: 5425: 5378: 5372: 5365: 5359: 5352: 5346: 5325: 5319: 5291: 5285: 5278: 5269: 5264:, p. 452; Long, 5258: 5252: 5219: 5213: 5171: 5165: 5132:In the dialogue 5130: 5124: 5113: 5107: 5089: 5083: 5078:Geoffrey Miles, 5076: 5070: 5059: 5053: 5046: 5040: 5033: 5027: 5004: 4998: 4971: 4965: 4932: 4926: 4916: 4910: 4893: 4887: 4880: 4874: 4870: 4864: 4857: 4851: 4794: 4788: 4782: 4776: 4767:70, as cited by 4759: 4753: 4716: 4710: 4699: 4693: 4670: 4664: 4635: 4629: 4611: 4605: 4587: 4581: 4566: 4560: 4553: 4547: 4540: 4534: 4527: 4521: 4458: 4452: 4407: 4401: 4364: 4358: 4348: 4342: 4321: 4315: 4292: 4286: 4273:Noel Robertson, 4271: 4265: 4243: 4237: 4186: 4180: 4173:De natura deorum 4169: 4163: 4148: 4142: 4093: 4087: 4072: 4066: 4055: 4049: 4042: 4036: 4020: 4014: 3989: 3983: 3968: 3962: 3940: 3934: 3927: 3921: 3903: 3897: 3892:(translation of 3881: 3875: 3863: 3857: 3850: 3844: 3837: 3831: 3821: 3765:Scientific terms 3757:, the character 3570:(pictured under 3161:Opera and ballet 2965:Geoffrey Chaucer 2915:, taken by some 2786:human sacrifices 2778:/ Plutonis fera 2722:Christianization 2521: 2520: 2369:is the heaviest 2085: 2068:Athenian theater 2027:Greek literature 1891:Hendrik Goltzius 1857:figure of speech 1656:capillus veneris 1599:maidenhair fern 1593:says wreaths of 1394:Vincenzo Cartari 1219:animal sacrifice 998:Twelve Olympians 748:single mythology 649:of "Apollodorus" 572:Semitic god Muth 446:Latin literature 383:(4th century BC) 264:Greek literature 192:Roman equivalent 174: 141:Classical period 137:Greek literature 62:Greek underworld 58: 51: 15496: 15495: 15491: 15490: 15489: 15487: 15486: 15485: 15481:Underworld gods 15446:Chthonic beings 15436: 15435: 15434: 15429: 15425:Myth and ritual 15420:Greek mythology 15381: 15343: 15339:Pignora imperii 15334:Parabiago Plate 15317: 15286: 15245: 15179: 15173: 15155:Sibylline Books 15089: 15068: 15039:Servius Tullius 15002: 14987: 14866: 14582: 14574: 14565: 14535: 14526: 14492: 14482: 14403:Bowl of Hygieia 14391: 14347:Shirt of Nessus 14332:Phaeacian ships 14184: 14133: 14109:Eros and Psyche 14083: 13981: 13975: 13871: 13807:Crommyonian Sow 13782:Calydonian boar 13772: 13770: 13764: 13645: 13639: 13596: 13545: 13518: 13512: 13491:Symbols/objects 13486: 13433: 13361: 13340: 13314: 13305:Mourning Fields 13269: 13253: 13219: 13196: 13163: 13137: 13093: 13078: 12958:Lycian peasants 12847:Creon of Thebes 12794: 12788: 12569: 12557: 12526: 12326:Ajax the Lesser 12280: 12269: 12171: 12140: 12114: 12083: 12047: 11957: 11895: 11851: 11691: 11661: 11652:Hymen/Hymenaeus 11606: 11508: 11426: 11400: 11324: 11244: 11154: 11146: 11124: 11062: 11036: 11010: 10979: 10943: 10872: 10803: 10775: 10732: 10702: 10460: 10447: 10390: 10311: 10305: 10242:Archon basileus 10229: 10223: 10212:Votive offering 10106:Funeral oration 10068: 10051: 10018: 9979:Delos Mysteries 9965: 9958: 9841: 9810: 9779:Minoan religion 9754: 9728:Sibylline Books 9666:Derveni papyrus 9611: 9570: 9496: 9486: 9308: 9294: 9285: 9248: 9243: 9242: 9226: 9222: 9213: 9209: 9196: 9192: 9179: 9175: 9171:, pp. 240, 266. 9162: 9158: 9149: 9145: 9140: 9136: 9127: 9123: 9114: 9110: 9101: 9097: 9081: 9077: 9064: 9060: 9051: 9047: 9039:Sasha Anawalt, 9038: 9034: 9026:Daniel Heartz, 9025: 9021: 9008: 9004: 8991: 8987: 8972: 8968: 8959: 8955: 8946: 8942: 8933: 8929: 8920: 8916: 8907: 8903: 8894: 8890: 8877: 8873: 8852: 8848: 8827: 8823: 8807:Nino Pirrotta, 8806: 8802: 8781: 8777: 8768: 8764: 8756: 8752: 8743: 8739: 8721: 8717: 8701: 8697: 8684: 8680: 8654: 8650: 8629: 8625: 8585: 8581: 8569:identified with 8529: 8525: 8518:A Winter's Tale 8476: 8472: 8436: 8432: 8408:Thomas Tyrwhitt 8383: 8379: 8370: 8366: 8357: 8353: 8348: 8344: 8331: 8327: 8314: 8310: 8301: 8297: 8288: 8284: 8271: 8267: 8255: 8251: 8238: 8234: 8197: 8193: 8179: 8175: 8158: 8154: 8141: 8137: 8089: 8085: 8080: 8076: 8063: 8059: 8046: 8042: 8019:De civitate Dei 8000: 7996: 7987: 7983: 7956: 7952: 7943: 7939: 7930: 7926: 7917: 7913: 7896: 7892: 7875: 7871: 7851: 7847: 7789: 7785: 7764: 7760: 7747: 7743: 7722:The E at Delphi 7715:as recorded by 7710: 7706: 7701: 7697: 7692: 7688: 7667: 7663: 7639: 7635: 7603:edition of the 7591: 7587: 7574: 7570: 7557: 7553: 7536: 7532: 7520: 7516: 7507: 7503: 7490: 7486: 7481: 7477: 7464: 7460: 7447: 7443: 7434: 7430: 7422: 7418: 7386: 7382: 7373: 7369: 7326: 7322: 7306: 7302: 7296:The Twelve Gods 7289: 7285: 7279:The Twelve Gods 7265: 7261: 7252: 7248: 7236: 7232: 7214: 7210: 7204:The Twelve Gods 7194: 7190: 7181: 7177: 7168: 7164: 7155: 7151: 7142: 7138: 7125: 7121: 7112: 7108: 7099: 7095: 7086: 7082: 7073: 7066: 7057: 7053: 7041:Richard Stemp, 7040: 7036: 7016: 7012: 7003: 6999: 6980: 6976: 6952:Hercules Furens 6946: 6942: 6932:Hercules Furens 6922: 6918: 6909: 6905: 6897:Hercules Furens 6876: 6872: 6860: 6856: 6838: 6834: 6820: 6816: 6797: 6793: 6770: 6766: 6746: 6742: 6733: 6729: 6708: 6704: 6691: 6687: 6669: 6665: 6648: 6644: 6635: 6631: 6616: 6612: 6598: 6594: 6580: 6576: 6567: 6563: 6543: 6539: 6530: 6526: 6489: 6485: 6472: 6468: 6450: 6446: 6433: 6429: 6402: 6398: 6389: 6385: 6352: 6348: 6332: 6328: 6319: 6315: 6291:Hercules furens 6280: 6276: 6248: 6244: 6223: 6219: 6203: 6199: 6184:Paulus Aegineta 6180:Francis Adams, 6179: 6175: 6159: 6155: 6133:Pseudo-Apuleius 6129:Natural History 6083: 6079: 6064: 6060: 6033: 6029: 6021:Robert Turcan, 6020: 6016: 5975: 5971: 5962: 5958: 5950: 5946: 5933: 5929: 5920: 5916: 5868:Kevin Clinton, 5867: 5863: 5854: 5850: 5833: 5829: 5812: 5808: 5795: 5791: 5764: 5760: 5751: 5747: 5734: 5730: 5722:Derek Collins, 5721: 5717: 5708: 5704: 5695: 5691: 5678: 5674: 5648: 5644: 5632: 5628: 5615: 5611: 5575: 5571: 5559: 5555: 5546: 5542: 5530: 5526: 5509: 5505: 5496: 5492: 5471: 5467: 5458: 5454: 5445: 5441: 5433:Kevin Clinton, 5432: 5428: 5412:, 350–300 BC). 5379: 5375: 5366: 5362: 5353: 5349: 5337:II1363, dating 5326: 5322: 5312:II1933 and 1934 5295:The Twelve Gods 5292: 5288: 5279: 5272: 5266:The Twelve Gods 5259: 5255: 5220: 5216: 5172: 5168: 5131: 5127: 5114: 5110: 5090: 5086: 5077: 5073: 5060: 5056: 5047: 5043: 5034: 5030: 5018:569. The title 5006:A.C. Hamilton, 5005: 5001: 4972: 4968: 4933: 4929: 4917: 4913: 4894: 4890: 4884:Hymn to Demeter 4881: 4877: 4871: 4867: 4858: 4854: 4795: 4791: 4783: 4779: 4773:Hymn to Demeter 4769:Helene P. Foley 4760: 4756: 4717: 4713: 4700: 4696: 4676:(Brill, 1994), 4671: 4667: 4636: 4632: 4612: 4608: 4588: 4584: 4567: 4563: 4554: 4550: 4541: 4537: 4528: 4524: 4476:Philo of Byblos 4459: 4455: 4408: 4404: 4365: 4361: 4349: 4345: 4322: 4318: 4293: 4289: 4272: 4268: 4253:); Peter Bolt, 4244: 4240: 4187: 4183: 4170: 4166: 4149: 4145: 4094: 4090: 4073: 4069: 4056: 4052: 4043: 4039: 4021: 4017: 3990: 3986: 3969: 3965: 3955:Ludi Saeculares 3941: 3937: 3928: 3924: 3904: 3900: 3882: 3878: 3864: 3860: 3851: 3847: 3838: 3834: 3822: 3818: 3813: 3790:, the heaviest 3767: 3751:fantasy series 3718:male domination 3680: 3669:of his student 3621:applied science 3506:'s arrow while 3451: 3370:instrumentation 3181:, with the low 3163: 3139:Aix-en-Provence 3123:popular culture 3113:Throughout the 2895: 2806: 2738:and treated as 2724: 2711: 2705: 2669:Marsilio Ficino 2645: 2606:Hermetic Corpus 2598:Hellenistic era 2586: 2527:Plouton Helios 2472:Fine art below) 2453: 2349:), also called 2297: 2180:early Christian 2172: 2167: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2082: 2080: 2004: 1967:Villa Farnesina 1954:Early Christian 1927:Hercules Furens 1873: 1785: 1475: 1368: 1349:in 5th-century 1343: 1326: 1314:mephitic vapors 1258: 1252: 1195: 1174: 1172: 1170: 1127: 1099: 978: 880:, among them a 842: 756: 742:'s influential 598: 592: 576:Philo of Byblos 540:identified with 520: 432:The Roman poet 369: 232: 76:was frequently 17: 12: 11: 5: 15494: 15484: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15453: 15448: 15431: 15430: 15428: 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15407: 15406: 15405: 15395: 15389: 15387: 15383: 15382: 15380: 15379: 15378: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15357: 15351: 15349: 15345: 15344: 15342: 15341: 15336: 15331: 15325: 15323: 15319: 15318: 15316: 15315: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15294: 15292: 15288: 15287: 15285: 15284: 15279: 15277:Pythagoreanism 15274: 15272:Peripateticism 15269: 15264: 15259: 15253: 15251: 15247: 15246: 15244: 15243: 15242: 15241: 15236: 15231: 15221: 15216: 15211: 15206: 15201: 15196: 15189: 15183: 15181: 15175: 15174: 15172: 15171: 15170: 15169: 15166:The Golden Ass 15157: 15152: 15151: 15150: 15138: 15133: 15132: 15131: 15124: 15112: 15111: 15110: 15097: 15095: 15091: 15090: 15088: 15087: 15085:Barnacle goose 15082: 15076: 15074: 15070: 15069: 15067: 15066: 15061: 15056: 15051: 15046: 15041: 15036: 15031: 15029:Numa Pompilius 15026: 15021: 15016: 15010: 15008: 15004: 15003: 14994: 14992: 14989: 14988: 14986: 14985: 14980: 14975: 14970: 14965: 14960: 14955: 14950: 14945: 14940: 14935: 14930: 14925: 14920: 14915: 14910: 14905: 14900: 14895: 14890: 14885: 14880: 14874: 14872: 14868: 14867: 14865: 14864: 14859: 14854: 14849: 14844: 14839: 14834: 14829: 14824: 14819: 14814: 14809: 14804: 14799: 14794: 14789: 14784: 14779: 14774: 14769: 14764: 14759: 14754: 14749: 14744: 14739: 14734: 14733: 14732: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14707: 14702: 14697: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14662: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14642: 14637: 14632: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14612: 14607: 14602: 14596: 14590: 14576: 14575: 14564: 14563: 14556: 14549: 14541: 14532: 14531: 14528: 14527: 14525: 14524: 14519: 14514: 14513: 14512: 14507: 14496: 14494: 14488: 14487: 14484: 14483: 14481: 14480: 14479: 14478: 14473: 14468: 14463: 14455: 14450: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14399: 14397: 14393: 14392: 14390: 14389: 14384: 14379: 14374: 14369: 14364: 14359: 14354: 14349: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14329: 14319: 14314: 14309: 14304: 14299: 14294: 14289: 14284: 14279: 14274: 14269: 14264: 14259: 14254: 14249: 14244: 14239: 14234: 14229: 14227:Dragon's teeth 14224: 14217: 14212: 14207: 14202: 14196: 14194: 14190: 14189: 14186: 14185: 14183: 14182: 14177: 14172: 14167: 14162: 14157: 14152: 14147: 14141: 14139: 14135: 14134: 14132: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14095: 14089: 14085: 14084: 14082: 14081: 14076: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14046: 14041: 14036: 14031: 14026: 14021: 14016: 14011: 14006: 14001: 13996: 13991: 13985: 13983: 13977: 13976: 13974: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13941:Laestrygonians 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13903: 13898: 13893: 13887: 13885: 13881: 13880: 13877: 13876: 13873: 13872: 13870: 13869: 13867:Teumessian fox 13864: 13859: 13854: 13849: 13844: 13839: 13834: 13829: 13824: 13822:Lernaean Hydra 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13799: 13794: 13789: 13784: 13778: 13776: 13766: 13765: 13763: 13762: 13757: 13752: 13743: 13738: 13733: 13728: 13723: 13718: 13713: 13708: 13703: 13698: 13693: 13688: 13687: 13686: 13676: 13671: 13670: 13669: 13667:Ichthyocentaur 13664: 13653: 13647: 13641: 13640: 13638: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13626: 13625: 13620: 13615: 13604: 13602: 13598: 13597: 13595: 13594: 13593: 13592: 13587: 13577: 13571: 13569: 13562: 13555: 13551: 13550: 13547: 13546: 13544: 13543: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13522: 13520: 13514: 13513: 13511: 13510: 13505: 13500: 13494: 13492: 13488: 13487: 13485: 13484: 13479: 13474: 13469: 13464: 13459: 13454: 13449: 13443: 13441: 13435: 13434: 13432: 13431: 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13400: 13395: 13390: 13385: 13380: 13375: 13369: 13367: 13363: 13362: 13360: 13359: 13354: 13348: 13346: 13342: 13341: 13339: 13338: 13333: 13328: 13322: 13320: 13316: 13315: 13313: 13312: 13307: 13302: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13281: 13279: 13275: 13274: 13271: 13270: 13268: 13267: 13261: 13259: 13255: 13254: 13252: 13251: 13246: 13242:Ploutonion at 13240: 13236:Ploutonion at 13233: 13231: 13225: 13224: 13221: 13220: 13218: 13217: 13211: 13204: 13202: 13198: 13197: 13195: 13194: 13188: 13182: 13175: 13169: 13165: 13164: 13162: 13161: 13156: 13151: 13145: 13143: 13139: 13138: 13136: 13135: 13130: 13125: 13120: 13115: 13110: 13104: 13102: 13095: 13094:the underworld 13086: 13080: 13079: 13077: 13076: 13071: 13066: 13061: 13056: 13051: 13046: 13041: 13036: 13031: 13026: 13021: 13016: 13011: 13006: 13001: 12996: 12991: 12986: 12981: 12976: 12971: 12965: 12960: 12955: 12950: 12945: 12940: 12935: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12914: 12909: 12904: 12899: 12894: 12889: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12869: 12864: 12859: 12854: 12849: 12844: 12839: 12834: 12829: 12824: 12819: 12814: 12809: 12804: 12798: 12796: 12790: 12789: 12787: 12786: 12781: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12765: 12764: 12759: 12754: 12749: 12744: 12739: 12734: 12729: 12724: 12714: 12709: 12704: 12699: 12694: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12674: 12669: 12664: 12659: 12654: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12624: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12573: 12571: 12563: 12562: 12559: 12558: 12556: 12555: 12550: 12545: 12540: 12534: 12532: 12528: 12527: 12525: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12494: 12489: 12484: 12479: 12474: 12469: 12464: 12459: 12454: 12449: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12419: 12414: 12409: 12404: 12399: 12393: 12388: 12383: 12378: 12373: 12368: 12363: 12358: 12353: 12348: 12343: 12338: 12333: 12328: 12323: 12321:Ajax the Great 12318: 12313: 12308: 12303: 12298: 12292: 12290: 12283: 12275: 12274: 12271: 12270: 12268: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12241: 12236: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12209: 12208: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12181: 12179: 12173: 12172: 12170: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12154: 12148: 12146: 12142: 12141: 12139: 12138: 12133: 12128: 12122: 12120: 12116: 12115: 12113: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12097: 12091: 12089: 12085: 12084: 12082: 12081: 12076: 12071: 12066: 12061: 12055: 12053: 12049: 12048: 12046: 12045: 12040: 12035: 12030: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 12000: 11995: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11969: 11967: 11966:Health deities 11963: 11962: 11959: 11958: 11956: 11955: 11950: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11925: 11920: 11911: 11906: 11900: 11897: 11896: 11894: 11893: 11888: 11887: 11886: 11876: 11870: 11868: 11859: 11853: 11852: 11850: 11849: 11844: 11839: 11834: 11829: 11824: 11819: 11814: 11809: 11804: 11799: 11794: 11789: 11784: 11779: 11774: 11769: 11767:Gynaecothoenas 11764: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11739: 11734: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11703: 11701: 11697: 11696: 11693: 11692: 11690: 11689: 11684: 11679: 11678: 11677: 11666: 11663: 11662: 11660: 11659: 11654: 11649: 11644: 11642:Hermaphroditus 11639: 11634: 11629: 11623: 11621: 11612: 11608: 11607: 11605: 11604: 11599: 11594: 11589: 11584: 11579: 11574: 11569: 11564: 11559: 11554: 11549: 11544: 11539: 11534: 11529: 11524: 11518: 11516: 11510: 11509: 11507: 11506: 11501: 11496: 11491: 11486: 11481: 11476: 11471: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11446: 11440: 11438: 11432: 11431: 11428: 11427: 11425: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11408: 11406: 11402: 11401: 11399: 11398: 11393: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11373: 11368: 11363: 11358: 11353: 11348: 11343: 11338: 11332: 11330: 11326: 11325: 11323: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11297: 11292: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11261: 11259: 11252: 11246: 11245: 11243: 11242: 11237: 11232: 11227: 11222: 11217: 11212: 11207: 11202: 11197: 11192: 11187: 11182: 11177: 11171: 11169: 11160: 11148: 11147: 11134: 11133: 11130: 11129: 11126: 11125: 11123: 11122: 11117: 11112: 11107: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11091: 11090: 11083: 11070: 11068: 11064: 11063: 11061: 11060: 11058:Pierian Spring 11055: 11050: 11044: 11042: 11038: 11037: 11035: 11034: 11029: 11024: 11018: 11016: 11012: 11011: 11009: 11008: 11003: 10998: 10993: 10987: 10985: 10981: 10980: 10978: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10962: 10957: 10951: 10949: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10926: 10921: 10916: 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10880: 10878: 10874: 10873: 10871: 10870: 10865: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10815: 10809: 10807: 10793: 10789: 10788: 10785: 10784: 10781: 10780: 10777: 10776: 10774: 10773: 10768: 10766:Isthmian Games 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10742: 10740: 10734: 10733: 10731: 10730: 10725: 10720: 10714: 10708: 10704: 10703: 10701: 10700: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10650: 10645: 10640: 10635: 10630: 10625: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 10600: 10595: 10590: 10585: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10565: 10560: 10555: 10550: 10545: 10540: 10535: 10530: 10525: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10490: 10485: 10480: 10475: 10470: 10464: 10462: 10453: 10449: 10448: 10446: 10445: 10440: 10435: 10434: 10433: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10400: 10398: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10373: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10348: 10343: 10338: 10337: 10336: 10331: 10321: 10315: 10313: 10307: 10306: 10304: 10303: 10298: 10297: 10296: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10270: 10269: 10259: 10254: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10233: 10231: 10225: 10224: 10222: 10221: 10216: 10215: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10198: 10197: 10192: 10177: 10172: 10167: 10162: 10157: 10152: 10147: 10142: 10137: 10132: 10127: 10126: 10125: 10115: 10110: 10109: 10108: 10098: 10093: 10088: 10083: 10081:Astragalomancy 10078: 10072: 10070: 10061: 10057: 10056: 10053: 10052: 10050: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10028: 10026: 10020: 10019: 10017: 10016: 10011: 10006: 10001: 9996: 9991: 9986: 9981: 9976: 9970: 9968: 9960: 9959: 9957: 9956: 9955: 9954: 9953: 9952: 9947: 9940:Roman religion 9937: 9935:Greco-Buddhism 9932: 9927: 9926: 9925: 9923:Ptolemaic cult 9909: 9908: 9907: 9897: 9896: 9895: 9890: 9885: 9880: 9869: 9868: 9867: 9862: 9851: 9849: 9843: 9842: 9840: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9818: 9816: 9812: 9811: 9809: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9781: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9764: 9760: 9759: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9752: 9749:Works and Days 9745: 9738: 9731: 9724: 9719: 9712: 9707: 9700: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9675: 9668: 9663: 9661:Delphic maxims 9658: 9651: 9644: 9637: 9630: 9625: 9623:Aesop's Fables 9619: 9617: 9613: 9612: 9610: 9609: 9602: 9595: 9588: 9580: 9578: 9572: 9571: 9569: 9568: 9561: 9554: 9547: 9540: 9533: 9526: 9519: 9511: 9509: 9500: 9488: 9487: 9485: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9449: 9444: 9442:Paradoxography 9439: 9434: 9432:Metempsychosis 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9404: 9399: 9394: 9389: 9384: 9379: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9354: 9349: 9344: 9339: 9334: 9333: 9332: 9327: 9316: 9314: 9310: 9309: 9296: 9295: 9284: 9283: 9276: 9269: 9261: 9255: 9254: 9247: 9246:External links 9244: 9241: 9240: 9220: 9216:The Lost Girls 9207: 9199:The Lost Girls 9190: 9173: 9165:The Lost Girls 9156: 9143: 9134: 9121: 9108: 9095: 9075: 9058: 9045: 9032: 9019: 9009:Andrew Trout, 9002: 8985: 8966: 8953: 8940: 8927: 8914: 8901: 8888: 8871: 8846: 8821: 8800: 8775: 8762: 8750: 8737: 8715: 8707:Faerie Queene, 8695: 8691:The Lost Girls 8678: 8674:The Lost Girls 8656:Arthur Golding 8648: 8623: 8621:"October" 29). 8591:, p. 352. See 8579: 8542:Mephistopheles 8536:(III.ii, 1616 8533:Doctor Faustus 8523: 8470: 8450:Arthur Golding 8446:William Dunbar 8438:William Dunbar 8430: 8377: 8364: 8351: 8342: 8325: 8321:The Lost Girls 8308: 8295: 8282: 8265: 8257:Il gran nemico 8249: 8232: 8198:For instance, 8191: 8173: 8152: 8135: 8083: 8074: 8057: 8040: 7994: 7981: 7950: 7937: 7924: 7911: 7890: 7878:Gilles Quispel 7869: 7845: 7783: 7758: 7741: 7704: 7695: 7686: 7670:Helios Apollon 7661: 7633: 7585: 7575:David Dawson, 7568: 7551: 7530: 7514: 7501: 7484: 7475: 7469:Gilles Quispel 7458: 7448:Gábor Betegh, 7441: 7428: 7416: 7410:; Copenhaver, 7380: 7367: 7320: 7300: 7283: 7277:p. 452; Long, 7259: 7253:H.S. Versnel, 7246: 7230: 7220:Greek Religion 7216:Walter Burkert 7208: 7188: 7175: 7173:, pp. 452–453. 7162: 7160:, pp. 127–128. 7149: 7136: 7119: 7106: 7093: 7080: 7064: 7051: 7034: 7010: 6997: 6974: 6950:, line 608 of 6940: 6916: 6903: 6870: 6854: 6832: 6814: 6791: 6764: 6740: 6727: 6717:; the heroine 6702: 6685: 6663: 6642: 6629: 6610: 6592: 6574: 6561: 6545:Samuel Beckett 6537: 6524: 6490:Theophrastus, 6483: 6466: 6444: 6427: 6396: 6383: 6346: 6326: 6320:Natale Conti, 6313: 6274: 6242: 6217: 6205:John M. Riddle 6197: 6173: 6165:Flora classica 6153: 6077: 6058: 6027: 6014: 5969: 5963:Natale Conti, 5956: 5944: 5927: 5914: 5894:Syleus Painter 5861: 5848: 5827: 5806: 5789: 5758: 5745: 5728: 5715: 5702: 5696:Daniel Ogden, 5689: 5672: 5642: 5626: 5609: 5591:3.93; Hesiod, 5569: 5553: 5540: 5524: 5503: 5490: 5465: 5452: 5439: 5426: 5373: 5360: 5358:, pp. 101–102. 5347: 5320: 5297:, p. 179. See 5286: 5270: 5253: 5214: 5166: 5125: 5108: 5084: 5071: 5054: 5041: 5039:, pp. 486–487. 5028: 4999: 4975:Edmund Spenser 4966: 4927: 4911: 4888: 4875: 4865: 4852: 4789: 4777: 4754: 4711: 4703:The Lost Girls 4694: 4665: 4630: 4606: 4582: 4561: 4548: 4535: 4522: 4453: 4402: 4359: 4343: 4316: 4287: 4266: 4238: 4181: 4164: 4150:H.D. Jocelyn, 4143: 4088: 4067: 4050: 4037: 4015: 3984: 3976:Works and Days 3963: 3943:Emily Vermeule 3935: 3929:Athanassakis, 3922: 3898: 3876: 3858: 3856:, pp. 180–181. 3845: 3832: 3824:William Hansen 3815: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3785: 3766: 3763: 3759:Hazel Levesque 3679: 3676: 3675: 3674: 3671:Pieter Soutman 3652: 3636: 3624: 3549: 3458:Albrecht Dürer 3450: 3447: 3439:Robert Joffrey 3427:Florian Deller 3423:Gaétan Vestris 3162: 3159: 3103:dream allegory 3060:Edmund Spenser 3044:Arthur Golding 3014:William Dunbar 2894: 2891: 2835:Siege of Paris 2805: 2802: 2731:late antiquity 2723: 2720: 2704: 2701: 2675:'many-headed' 2644: 2641: 2621:Gilles Quispel 2585: 2582: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2545: 2544: 2541: 2537: 2536: 2533: 2529: 2528: 2525: 2524:Helios Apollon 2516:Helios Apollon 2509:Plouton Helios 2501:Helios Apollon 2493:Plouton Helios 2483:Plouton Helios 2452: 2451:Plouton Helios 2449: 2305:late antiquity 2303:theogonies of 2296: 2293: 2206:(Greek Zeus), 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2155:Attic calendar 2132:Walter Burkert 2077: 2003: 2000: 1872: 1869: 1784: 1781: 1755:Elysian Fields 1682:Samuel Beckett 1664:John M. Riddle 1474: 1471: 1436:(chrusea klês) 1367: 1364: 1342: 1339: 1325: 1322: 1254:Main article: 1251: 1248: 1213:, and a black 1194: 1191: 1186:Acts of Thomas 1135:Zeus Chthonios 1126: 1121: 977: 974: 841: 838: 822:Edmund Spenser 776:Zeus Chthonios 755: 752: 663:64 BC–AD 17). 591: 588: 524:Zeus Chthonios 519: 516: 450:Saecular Games 368: 365: 360:Works and Days 268:Archaic period 231: 228: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15493: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15457: 15454: 15452: 15449: 15447: 15444: 15443: 15441: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15404: 15401: 15400: 15399: 15396: 15394: 15391: 15390: 15388: 15384: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15366: 15363: 15362: 15361: 15358: 15356: 15353: 15352: 15350: 15346: 15340: 15337: 15335: 15332: 15330: 15327: 15326: 15324: 15320: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15299: 15296: 15295: 15293: 15289: 15283: 15280: 15278: 15275: 15273: 15270: 15268: 15265: 15263: 15260: 15258: 15255: 15254: 15252: 15248: 15240: 15237: 15235: 15232: 15230: 15227: 15226: 15225: 15222: 15220: 15217: 15215: 15212: 15210: 15207: 15205: 15202: 15200: 15199:Imperial cult 15197: 15195: 15194: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15184: 15182: 15180:and practices 15176: 15168: 15167: 15163: 15162: 15161: 15158: 15156: 15153: 15149: 15148: 15144: 15143: 15142: 15139: 15137: 15134: 15130: 15129: 15128:Metamorphoses 15125: 15123: 15122: 15118: 15117: 15116: 15113: 15109: 15108: 15104: 15103: 15102: 15099: 15098: 15096: 15092: 15086: 15083: 15081: 15078: 15077: 15075: 15071: 15065: 15062: 15060: 15057: 15055: 15052: 15050: 15047: 15045: 15044:Ancus Marcius 15042: 15040: 15037: 15035: 15032: 15030: 15027: 15025: 15022: 15020: 15017: 15015: 15012: 15011: 15009: 15005: 14998: 14984: 14981: 14979: 14976: 14974: 14973:Tranquillitas 14971: 14969: 14966: 14964: 14961: 14959: 14956: 14954: 14951: 14949: 14946: 14944: 14941: 14939: 14936: 14934: 14931: 14929: 14926: 14924: 14921: 14919: 14916: 14914: 14911: 14909: 14906: 14904: 14901: 14899: 14896: 14894: 14891: 14889: 14886: 14884: 14881: 14879: 14876: 14875: 14873: 14869: 14863: 14860: 14858: 14855: 14853: 14850: 14848: 14845: 14843: 14840: 14838: 14835: 14833: 14830: 14828: 14825: 14823: 14820: 14818: 14815: 14813: 14810: 14808: 14805: 14803: 14800: 14798: 14795: 14793: 14790: 14788: 14785: 14783: 14780: 14778: 14775: 14773: 14770: 14768: 14765: 14763: 14760: 14758: 14755: 14753: 14750: 14748: 14745: 14743: 14740: 14738: 14735: 14731: 14728: 14727: 14726: 14723: 14721: 14718: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14708: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14648: 14646: 14643: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14613: 14611: 14608: 14606: 14603: 14601: 14598: 14597: 14594: 14591: 14588: 14587: 14586:Dii Consentes 14581: 14577: 14573: 14569: 14562: 14557: 14555: 14550: 14548: 14543: 14542: 14539: 14523: 14520: 14518: 14515: 14511: 14508: 14506: 14503: 14502: 14501: 14498: 14497: 14495: 14489: 14477: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14462: 14459: 14458: 14456: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14444: 14443:Owl of Athena 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14406: 14404: 14401: 14400: 14398: 14394: 14388: 14387:Wheel of fire 14385: 14383: 14382:Winnowing Oar 14380: 14378: 14375: 14373: 14370: 14368: 14365: 14363: 14360: 14358: 14355: 14353: 14350: 14348: 14345: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14333: 14330: 14327: 14326:Winged helmet 14323: 14320: 14318: 14317:Pandora's box 14315: 14313: 14310: 14308: 14305: 14303: 14300: 14298: 14295: 14293: 14290: 14288: 14285: 14283: 14280: 14278: 14275: 14273: 14270: 14268: 14265: 14263: 14260: 14258: 14257:Golden Fleece 14255: 14253: 14250: 14248: 14245: 14243: 14240: 14238: 14235: 14233: 14230: 14228: 14225: 14223: 14222: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14197: 14195: 14191: 14181: 14178: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14161: 14158: 14156: 14155:Centauromachy 14153: 14151: 14148: 14146: 14143: 14142: 14140: 14136: 14130: 14127: 14125: 14122: 14120: 14117: 14115: 14112: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14096: 14093: 14090: 14086: 14080: 14077: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14045: 14042: 14040: 14037: 14035: 14032: 14030: 14027: 14025: 14022: 14020: 14017: 14015: 14012: 14010: 14007: 14005: 14002: 14000: 13997: 13995: 13992: 13990: 13987: 13986: 13984: 13978: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13959: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13944: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13934: 13932: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13901:Anthropophagi 13899: 13897: 13894: 13892: 13889: 13888: 13886: 13882: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13848: 13845: 13843: 13840: 13838: 13835: 13833: 13830: 13828: 13825: 13823: 13820: 13818: 13815: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13803: 13800: 13798: 13795: 13793: 13792:Cerynian Hind 13790: 13788: 13785: 13783: 13780: 13779: 13777: 13775: 13767: 13761: 13758: 13756: 13753: 13751: 13747: 13744: 13742: 13739: 13737: 13734: 13732: 13729: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13717: 13714: 13712: 13711:Hecatonchires 13709: 13707: 13704: 13702: 13699: 13697: 13694: 13692: 13689: 13685: 13682: 13681: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13659: 13658: 13655: 13654: 13651: 13648: 13642: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13624: 13621: 13619: 13616: 13614: 13611: 13610: 13609: 13606: 13605: 13603: 13601:Minor spirits 13599: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13585:Minor figures 13583: 13582: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13572: 13570: 13566: 13563: 13559: 13556: 13552: 13542: 13539: 13537: 13534: 13532: 13529: 13527: 13524: 13523: 13521: 13515: 13509: 13508:Charon's obol 13506: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13496: 13495: 13493: 13489: 13483: 13480: 13478: 13475: 13473: 13470: 13468: 13465: 13463: 13460: 13458: 13455: 13453: 13450: 13448: 13445: 13444: 13442: 13440: 13436: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13401: 13399: 13396: 13394: 13391: 13389: 13386: 13384: 13381: 13379: 13376: 13374: 13371: 13370: 13368: 13364: 13358: 13355: 13353: 13350: 13349: 13347: 13343: 13337: 13334: 13332: 13329: 13327: 13324: 13323: 13321: 13317: 13311: 13308: 13306: 13303: 13301: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13282: 13280: 13276: 13266: 13263: 13262: 13260: 13256: 13250: 13247: 13245: 13241: 13239: 13235: 13234: 13232: 13230: 13226: 13216: 13213:Charonium at 13212: 13210: 13207:Charonium at 13206: 13205: 13203: 13199: 13193: 13189: 13187: 13183: 13181: 13177: 13176: 13173: 13170: 13166: 13160: 13157: 13155: 13152: 13150: 13147: 13146: 13144: 13140: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13126: 13124: 13121: 13119: 13116: 13114: 13111: 13109: 13106: 13105: 13103: 13099: 13096: 13092:Entrances to 13090: 13087: 13085: 13081: 13075: 13072: 13070: 13067: 13065: 13062: 13060: 13057: 13055: 13052: 13050: 13047: 13045: 13042: 13040: 13037: 13035: 13032: 13030: 13027: 13025: 13022: 13020: 13017: 13015: 13012: 13010: 13007: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12985: 12982: 12980: 12977: 12975: 12972: 12970: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12949: 12946: 12944: 12941: 12939: 12936: 12934: 12931: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12915: 12913: 12910: 12908: 12907:Helen of Troy 12905: 12903: 12900: 12898: 12895: 12893: 12890: 12888: 12885: 12883: 12880: 12878: 12875: 12873: 12870: 12868: 12865: 12863: 12860: 12858: 12855: 12853: 12850: 12848: 12845: 12843: 12840: 12838: 12835: 12833: 12830: 12828: 12825: 12823: 12820: 12818: 12815: 12813: 12810: 12808: 12805: 12803: 12800: 12799: 12797: 12791: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12763: 12760: 12758: 12755: 12753: 12750: 12748: 12745: 12743: 12742:Hellespontine 12740: 12738: 12735: 12733: 12730: 12728: 12725: 12723: 12720: 12719: 12718: 12715: 12713: 12710: 12708: 12705: 12703: 12700: 12698: 12695: 12693: 12690: 12688: 12685: 12683: 12680: 12678: 12675: 12673: 12670: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12660: 12658: 12655: 12653: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12598: 12595: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12585: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12574: 12572: 12568: 12564: 12554: 12551: 12549: 12546: 12544: 12541: 12539: 12536: 12535: 12533: 12529: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12498: 12495: 12493: 12490: 12488: 12485: 12483: 12480: 12478: 12475: 12473: 12470: 12468: 12465: 12463: 12460: 12458: 12455: 12453: 12450: 12448: 12445: 12443: 12440: 12438: 12435: 12433: 12430: 12428: 12425: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12410: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12397: 12394: 12392: 12389: 12387: 12384: 12382: 12379: 12377: 12374: 12372: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12354: 12352: 12349: 12347: 12344: 12342: 12339: 12337: 12334: 12332: 12329: 12327: 12324: 12322: 12319: 12317: 12314: 12312: 12309: 12307: 12304: 12302: 12299: 12297: 12294: 12293: 12291: 12287: 12284: 12282: 12276: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12242: 12240: 12237: 12234: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12187: 12186: 12183: 12182: 12180: 12178: 12174: 12168: 12165: 12163: 12160: 12158: 12155: 12153: 12150: 12149: 12147: 12145:Magic deities 12143: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12129: 12127: 12124: 12123: 12121: 12117: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12092: 12090: 12086: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12056: 12054: 12052:Sleep deities 12050: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12036: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12001: 11999: 11996: 11994: 11991: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11970: 11968: 11964: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11915: 11912: 11910: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11901: 11898: 11892: 11889: 11885: 11882: 11881: 11880: 11877: 11875: 11872: 11871: 11869: 11867: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11854: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11838: 11835: 11833: 11830: 11828: 11825: 11823: 11820: 11818: 11815: 11813: 11810: 11808: 11805: 11803: 11800: 11798: 11795: 11793: 11790: 11788: 11785: 11783: 11780: 11778: 11775: 11773: 11770: 11768: 11765: 11763: 11760: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11704: 11702: 11698: 11688: 11685: 11683: 11680: 11676: 11673: 11672: 11671: 11668: 11667: 11664: 11658: 11655: 11653: 11650: 11648: 11645: 11643: 11640: 11638: 11635: 11633: 11630: 11628: 11625: 11624: 11622: 11620: 11616: 11613: 11609: 11603: 11600: 11598: 11595: 11593: 11590: 11588: 11585: 11583: 11580: 11578: 11575: 11573: 11570: 11568: 11565: 11563: 11560: 11558: 11555: 11553: 11550: 11548: 11545: 11543: 11540: 11538: 11535: 11533: 11530: 11528: 11525: 11523: 11520: 11519: 11517: 11515: 11514:Water deities 11511: 11505: 11502: 11500: 11497: 11495: 11492: 11490: 11487: 11485: 11482: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11470: 11467: 11465: 11462: 11460: 11457: 11455: 11452: 11450: 11447: 11445: 11442: 11441: 11439: 11437: 11433: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11409: 11407: 11403: 11397: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11379: 11377: 11374: 11372: 11369: 11367: 11364: 11362: 11359: 11357: 11354: 11352: 11349: 11347: 11344: 11342: 11339: 11337: 11334: 11333: 11331: 11327: 11321: 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11303: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11266: 11263: 11262: 11260: 11256: 11253: 11251: 11247: 11241: 11238: 11236: 11233: 11231: 11228: 11226: 11223: 11221: 11218: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11208: 11206: 11203: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11191: 11188: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11172: 11170: 11168: 11164: 11161: 11158: 11153: 11149: 11145: 11139: 11135: 11121: 11118: 11116: 11113: 11111: 11108: 11106: 11103: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11093: 11089: 11088: 11084: 11082: 11081: 11077: 11076: 11075: 11072: 11071: 11069: 11065: 11059: 11056: 11054: 11051: 11049: 11046: 11045: 11043: 11039: 11033: 11030: 11028: 11025: 11023: 11020: 11019: 11017: 11013: 11007: 11004: 11002: 10999: 10997: 10994: 10992: 10989: 10988: 10986: 10982: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10970:Mount Lykaion 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10958: 10956: 10953: 10952: 10950: 10946: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10879: 10875: 10869: 10866: 10864: 10861: 10859: 10856: 10854: 10851: 10849: 10846: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10810: 10808: 10806: 10801: 10797: 10794: 10792:Sacred places 10790: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10756:Pythian Games 10754: 10752: 10751:Heraean Games 10749: 10747: 10746:Olympic Games 10744: 10743: 10741: 10739: 10735: 10729: 10726: 10724: 10721: 10719: 10716: 10715: 10712: 10709: 10705: 10699: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10654: 10651: 10649: 10646: 10644: 10641: 10639: 10636: 10634: 10631: 10629: 10626: 10624: 10621: 10619: 10616: 10614: 10611: 10609: 10606: 10604: 10601: 10599: 10596: 10594: 10591: 10589: 10586: 10584: 10581: 10579: 10576: 10574: 10571: 10569: 10566: 10564: 10561: 10559: 10556: 10554: 10551: 10549: 10546: 10544: 10541: 10539: 10536: 10534: 10531: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10489: 10486: 10484: 10481: 10479: 10476: 10474: 10471: 10469: 10466: 10465: 10463: 10457: 10454: 10450: 10444: 10441: 10439: 10436: 10432: 10431: 10427: 10426: 10425: 10422: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10399: 10397: 10393: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10377: 10374: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10335: 10332: 10330: 10327: 10326: 10325: 10322: 10320: 10317: 10316: 10314: 10308: 10302: 10299: 10295: 10292: 10291: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10268: 10267:Hierophylakes 10265: 10264: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10234: 10232: 10226: 10220: 10217: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10196: 10193: 10191: 10188: 10187: 10186: 10183: 10182: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10171: 10168: 10166: 10163: 10161: 10158: 10156: 10153: 10151: 10148: 10146: 10143: 10141: 10138: 10136: 10133: 10131: 10128: 10124: 10121: 10120: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10107: 10104: 10103: 10102: 10099: 10097: 10094: 10092: 10089: 10087: 10084: 10082: 10079: 10077: 10074: 10073: 10071: 10065: 10062: 10058: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10032:Discordianism 10030: 10029: 10027: 10025: 10021: 10015: 10012: 10010: 10007: 10005: 10002: 10000: 9997: 9995: 9992: 9990: 9987: 9985: 9982: 9980: 9977: 9975: 9972: 9971: 9969: 9967: 9961: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9945:Imperial cult 9943: 9942: 9941: 9938: 9936: 9933: 9931: 9928: 9924: 9921: 9920: 9919: 9916: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9906: 9903: 9902: 9901: 9898: 9894: 9891: 9889: 9886: 9884: 9881: 9879: 9878:Early alchemy 9876: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9866: 9863: 9861: 9858: 9857: 9856: 9853: 9852: 9850: 9848: 9844: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9819: 9817: 9813: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9790: 9787: 9786: 9785: 9782: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9774: 9772: 9768: 9765: 9761: 9751: 9750: 9746: 9744: 9743: 9739: 9737: 9736: 9732: 9730: 9729: 9725: 9723: 9720: 9718: 9717: 9716:Oneirocritica 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9705: 9701: 9699: 9698: 9697:Homeric Hymns 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9681:of Pythagoras 9680: 9679:Golden Verses 9676: 9674: 9673: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9656: 9652: 9650: 9649: 9645: 9643: 9642: 9638: 9636: 9635: 9631: 9629: 9626: 9624: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9614: 9608: 9607: 9603: 9601: 9600: 9596: 9594: 9593: 9589: 9587: 9586: 9582: 9581: 9579: 9577: 9573: 9567: 9566: 9562: 9560: 9559: 9555: 9553: 9552: 9548: 9546: 9545: 9541: 9539: 9538: 9534: 9532: 9531: 9527: 9525: 9524: 9520: 9518: 9517: 9513: 9512: 9510: 9508: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9427:Metamorphosis 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9405: 9403: 9400: 9398: 9395: 9393: 9390: 9388: 9385: 9383: 9380: 9378: 9375: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9353: 9350: 9348: 9345: 9343: 9340: 9338: 9335: 9331: 9328: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9311: 9306: 9301: 9297: 9293: 9289: 9282: 9277: 9275: 9270: 9268: 9263: 9262: 9259: 9253: 9250: 9249: 9237: 9233: 9229: 9224: 9217: 9211: 9204: 9200: 9194: 9187: 9183: 9177: 9170: 9166: 9160: 9153: 9150:Amy Golahny, 9147: 9138: 9131: 9125: 9118: 9112: 9105: 9099: 9092: 9088: 9084: 9079: 9072: 9068: 9062: 9055: 9049: 9042: 9036: 9029: 9023: 9016: 9012: 9006: 8999: 8995: 8989: 8982: 8981: 8976: 8970: 8963: 8957: 8950: 8944: 8937: 8936:bass-baritone 8931: 8924: 8918: 8911: 8905: 8898: 8892: 8885: 8881: 8875: 8868: 8864: 8863:Enid Welsford 8860: 8856: 8853:Mark Ringer, 8850: 8843: 8839: 8835: 8834:to Monteverdi 8833: 8825: 8818: 8814: 8813:to Monteverdi 8812: 8804: 8797: 8793: 8789: 8785: 8779: 8772: 8766: 8759: 8754: 8747: 8741: 8735: 8732: 8729: 8725: 8719: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8699: 8692: 8688: 8687:Paradise Lost 8682: 8675: 8671: 8667: 8666: 8661: 8657: 8652: 8645: 8641: 8637: 8633: 8627: 8620: 8619: 8614: 8610: 8606: 8602: 8598: 8594: 8590: 8583: 8576: 8575: 8570: 8567: 8566:Julius Caesar 8563: 8559: 8555: 8551: 8547: 8543: 8539: 8535: 8534: 8527: 8520: 8519: 8514: 8513: 8508: 8507: 8502: 8498: 8494: 8493: 8488: 8487: 8482: 8481: 8474: 8467: 8466:Metamorphoses 8463: 8459: 8455: 8451: 8447: 8443: 8439: 8434: 8427: 8423: 8422: 8417: 8413: 8409: 8405: 8404: 8399: 8395: 8391: 8387: 8381: 8374: 8368: 8362:pp. 432, 540. 8361: 8355: 8346: 8339: 8335: 8329: 8322: 8318: 8312: 8305: 8299: 8292: 8286: 8279: 8275: 8269: 8262: 8258: 8253: 8246: 8242: 8236: 8229: 8225: 8221: 8217: 8213: 8209: 8205: 8201: 8195: 8188: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8170: 8166: 8162: 8156: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8132: 8130: 8124: 8122: 8116: 8114: 8108: 8104: 8100: 8096: 8092: 8087: 8078: 8071: 8067: 8061: 8054: 8050: 8044: 8037: 8035: 8029: 8025: 8021: 8020: 8015: 8011: 8007: 8003: 7998: 7991: 7985: 7978: 7974: 7970: 7969: 7963: 7959: 7954: 7947: 7941: 7934: 7928: 7921: 7915: 7908: 7904: 7900: 7894: 7887: 7883: 7879: 7873: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7854: 7849: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7830: 7826: 7822: 7818: 7814: 7810: 7806: 7802: 7797: 7793: 7787: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7762: 7755: 7751: 7745: 7738: 7734: 7730: 7725: 7723: 7718: 7714: 7708: 7699: 7690: 7683: 7679: 7675: 7671: 7665: 7658: 7654: 7650: 7647: 7643: 7637: 7630: 7626: 7622: 7618: 7614: 7610: 7606: 7602: 7598: 7594: 7589: 7582: 7578: 7572: 7565: 7561: 7555: 7548: 7544: 7540: 7534: 7527: 7523: 7518: 7511: 7505: 7498: 7494: 7488: 7479: 7472: 7470: 7462: 7455: 7451: 7445: 7438: 7432: 7425: 7420: 7413: 7409: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7393: 7389: 7384: 7377: 7371: 7364: 7360: 7356: 7355: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7324: 7317: 7313: 7309: 7304: 7297: 7293: 7287: 7280: 7276: 7272: 7268: 7263: 7256: 7250: 7243: 7239: 7234: 7227: 7226: 7221: 7217: 7212: 7205: 7201: 7197: 7192: 7185: 7179: 7172: 7166: 7159: 7153: 7146: 7140: 7133: 7129: 7123: 7116: 7110: 7103: 7097: 7090: 7084: 7077: 7071: 7069: 7061: 7055: 7048: 7044: 7038: 7031: 7027: 7023: 7019: 7014: 7007: 7001: 6994: 6990: 6989: 6984: 6978: 6971: 6967: 6963: 6959: 6958: 6953: 6949: 6944: 6937: 6933: 6929: 6925: 6924:Inferni Iovis 6920: 6913: 6907: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6874: 6867: 6863: 6862:Francis Bacon 6858: 6851: 6847: 6846: 6841: 6836: 6829: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6811: 6810: 6805: 6801: 6795: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6779: 6774: 6768: 6761: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6744: 6737: 6731: 6724: 6720: 6716: 6712: 6706: 6699: 6695: 6689: 6682: 6681: 6676: 6672: 6667: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6646: 6639: 6633: 6626: 6625: 6620: 6619:Metamorphoses 6614: 6607: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6589: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6571: 6565: 6558: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6541: 6534: 6528: 6521: 6517: 6514:4.24; Adams, 6513: 6512: 6507: 6503: 6502: 6497: 6493: 6487: 6480: 6476: 6475:Metamorphoses 6470: 6463: 6459: 6458: 6457:Oneirocritica 6453: 6448: 6441: 6437: 6431: 6424: 6420: 6419: 6414: 6410: 6406: 6400: 6393: 6387: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6368: 6364: 6360: 6356: 6350: 6343: 6339: 6335: 6330: 6323: 6317: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6301:Metamorphoses 6298: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6285: 6278: 6271: 6267: 6263: 6259: 6255: 6251: 6246: 6239: 6235: 6231: 6227: 6221: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6201: 6194: 6190: 6186: 6185: 6177: 6170: 6166: 6162: 6157: 6150: 6146: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6113: 6109: 6108: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6081: 6074: 6073: 6068: 6062: 6055: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6042: 6037: 6031: 6024: 6018: 6011: 6007: 6006: 6000: 5996: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5966: 5960: 5953: 5948: 5941: 5937: 5931: 5924: 5918: 5911: 5907: 5903: 5899: 5895: 5891: 5887: 5886: 5881: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5865: 5858: 5852: 5845: 5841: 5837: 5831: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5810: 5803: 5799: 5793: 5786: 5782: 5779:1356.155 and 5778: 5777: 5772: 5768: 5762: 5755: 5749: 5742: 5738: 5732: 5725: 5719: 5712: 5711:Curse Tablets 5706: 5699: 5693: 5686: 5682: 5676: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5646: 5639: 5635: 5634:Act of Thomas 5630: 5623: 5619: 5613: 5606: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5573: 5566: 5562: 5557: 5550: 5544: 5537: 5536: 5528: 5521: 5517: 5513: 5507: 5500: 5494: 5487: 5483: 5479: 5475: 5469: 5462: 5456: 5449: 5443: 5436: 5430: 5423: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5390:Magna Graecia 5387: 5383: 5377: 5370: 5364: 5357: 5351: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5335: 5330: 5324: 5317: 5313: 5310: 5309: 5304: 5300: 5299:lectisternium 5296: 5290: 5283: 5277: 5275: 5267: 5263: 5257: 5250: 5246: 5245: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5218: 5211: 5207: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5190:and His Times 5189: 5184: 5180: 5179:William Tooke 5176: 5170: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5150:Daniel Clasen 5147: 5143: 5139: 5135: 5129: 5122: 5118: 5112: 5105: 5101: 5097: 5093: 5088: 5081: 5075: 5068: 5064: 5058: 5051: 5045: 5038: 5032: 5025: 5021: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5003: 4996: 4992: 4991: 4986: 4982: 4981: 4976: 4970: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4937: 4931: 4924: 4920: 4915: 4908: 4904: 4901: 4897: 4896:Justin Martyr 4892: 4885: 4879: 4869: 4863: 4856: 4849: 4845: 4841: 4837: 4833: 4832: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4817: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4799: 4793: 4786: 4781: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4732: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4715: 4708: 4704: 4698: 4691: 4690: 4685: 4681: 4680: 4675: 4669: 4662: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4646: 4642: 4641: 4634: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4610: 4603: 4600:mythographer 4599: 4595: 4591: 4586: 4579: 4575: 4571: 4565: 4558: 4552: 4545: 4542:Diane Rayor, 4539: 4532: 4526: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4498: 4493: 4489: 4485: 4481: 4477: 4473: 4472:Sanchuniathon 4469: 4466: 4462: 4457: 4450: 4446: 4442: 4438: 4434: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4418: 4415: 4411: 4406: 4399: 4395: 4391: 4390: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4373: 4369: 4363: 4356: 4352: 4347: 4340: 4336: 4332: 4328: 4327: 4320: 4313: 4309: 4308:Katachthonioi 4305: 4301: 4297: 4296:Katachthonios 4291: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4263: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4242: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4226: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4205: 4201: 4197: 4193: 4190: 4185: 4178: 4174: 4168: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4147: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4128: 4124: 4120: 4117: 4116:Augustan poet 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4092: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4071: 4064: 4060: 4054: 4047: 4041: 4034: 4030: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4012: 4008: 4004: 4003: 3998: 3994: 3988: 3981: 3978: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3939: 3932: 3926: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3907: 3902: 3895: 3891: 3887: 3886: 3880: 3873: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3842: 3836: 3829: 3825: 3820: 3816: 3805: 3802: 3799: 3796: 3793: 3789: 3786: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3770: 3762: 3760: 3756: 3755: 3750: 3746: 3741: 3739: 3738: 3733: 3729: 3728:D.H. Lawrence 3725: 3724: 3723:The Lost Girl 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3706: 3701: 3697: 3693: 3689: 3685: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3649: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3610: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3598:border collie 3595: 3591: 3587: 3584: 3580: 3577: 3573: 3569: 3568:ceiling mural 3565: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3550: 3547: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3528: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3517: 3513: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3487: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3446: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3403: 3402:Ercole amante 3398: 3393: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3362: 3361:), a farmer. 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3347: 3342: 3338: 3337: 3331: 3327: 3326: 3321: 3317: 3316: 3311: 3307: 3306: 3302: 3301:chamber opera 3298: 3294: 3293: 3288: 3287: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3272: 3268: 3267: 3266:Il pomo d'oro 3262: 3258: 3257: 3252: 3248: 3247: 3242: 3238: 3237: 3232: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3210: 3209: 3204: 3203: 3198: 3197: 3192: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3168: 3158: 3156: 3152: 3148: 3144: 3143:Midsummer Eve 3140: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3078: 3077:Paradise Lost 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3048:Metamorphoses 3045: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3026: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2944:fallen angels 2941: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2924: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2905: 2904:Divine Comedy 2900: 2890: 2888: 2884: 2878: 2876: 2875:Stygian swamp 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2849: 2847: 2842: 2840: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2801: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2783: 2781: 2777: 2771: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2756: 2752: 2747: 2745: 2741: 2737: 2732: 2728: 2715: 2710: 2700: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2685:shape-changer 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2640: 2638: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2609: 2607: 2603: 2599: 2590: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2571: 2568: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2550: 2547: 2546: 2543:invisibility 2542: 2539: 2538: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2512: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2447: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2436:prope serpens 2433: 2426: 2424: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2408: 2405:derived from 2404: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2382: 2381:(abundance). 2380: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2358: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2292: 2290: 2289:Stygian river 2286: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2262: 2261:Divine Comedy 2257: 2256: 2251: 2247: 2240: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2215: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2151: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2127: 2125: 2121: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2088: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2061: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2017: 2013: 2008: 1999: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1987: 1983: 1982: 1979:his painting 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1961:, painted by 1960: 1955: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1938: 1933: 1929: 1928: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1892: 1888: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1868: 1866: 1862: 1861:Francis Bacon 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1833:(aidos kyneê) 1831: 1826: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1791: 1780: 1778: 1777:funeral games 1774: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1703: 1701: 1700:blood vessels 1697: 1696: 1691: 1690:Platonic cave 1687: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1665: 1662: 1658: 1657: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1624:, "torpor"), 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1602: 1596: 1592: 1589:mythographer 1588: 1580: 1575: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1546: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1528: 1527:contraceptive 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1484: 1480: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1449: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1434:A golden key 1432: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1377: 1373: 1363: 1361: 1360:drinking horn 1357: 1352: 1351:vase painting 1348: 1335: 1330: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1290:dream oracles 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1257: 1247: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1203:curse tablets 1200: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1182: 1176: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1125: 1120: 1118: 1117:dream oracles 1114: 1110: 1106: 1101: 1095: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1057: 1055: 1051: 1049: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1017: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 990: 986: 982: 973: 971: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 938: 936: 932: 931: 926: 922: 918: 915: 914:Augustan poet 910: 908: 904: 903: 898: 894: 890: 885: 883: 882:hymn to Pluto 879: 878: 873: 869: 865: 861: 854: 850: 846: 837: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 818: 812: 810: 806: 802: 798: 797:Justin Martyr 794: 792: 788: 784: 781: 780:Augustan poet 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 751: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 680: 675: 674: 673:Metamorphoses 669: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 648: 643: 639: 635: 631: 629: 624: 616: 612: 608: 607: 602: 597: 587: 585: 581: 577: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 532:ancient Roman 529: 525: 515: 513: 509: 508: 502: 498: 494: 490: 486: 482: 478: 473: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 442:Hellenization 439: 435: 430: 428: 424: 420: 416: 411: 407: 403: 399: 398: 393: 389: 382: 378: 373: 364: 362: 361: 355: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 332: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 278: 273: 269: 265: 261: 253: 249: 245: 241: 236: 227: 225: 221: 217: 213: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 178: 173: 168: 164: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 109: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 57: 47: 43: 39: 35: 28: 23: 19: 15329:Gubernaculum 15298:Golden Bough 15267:Neoplatonism 15262:Epicureanism 15191: 15164: 15145: 15126: 15119: 15105: 14791: 14610:Anna Perenna 14584: 14377:Trojan Horse 14287:Milk of Hera 14262:Gordian knot 14252:Golden apple 14219: 14160:Gigantomachy 14145:Amazonomachy 13951:Lotus-eaters 13817:Khalkotauroi 13613:Agathodaemon 13336:Rhadamanthus 13186:Lake Avernus 13180:Cape Matapan 13154:Avernus Lake 13142:Lakes/swamps 12862:Clytemnestra 12857:Chrysothemis 12779:Theoclymenus 11917: 11727:Androktasiai 11722:Amphillogiai 11611:Love deities 11085: 11078: 11001:Psychro Cave 10996:Caves of Pan 10761:Nemean Games 10698:Thesmophoria 10428: 10409:Curse tablet 10386:Thymiaterion 10356:Loutrophoros 10135:Hieros gamos 9893:Neoplatonism 9747: 9740: 9733: 9726: 9714: 9702: 9695: 9678: 9670: 9653: 9646: 9639: 9632: 9604: 9597: 9590: 9583: 9576:Theban Cycle 9563: 9556: 9549: 9544:Little Iliad 9542: 9535: 9528: 9521: 9514: 9422:Know thyself 9313:Main beliefs 9235: 9231: 9228:Rick Riordan 9223: 9215: 9210: 9202: 9198: 9193: 9185: 9181: 9176: 9168: 9164: 9159: 9151: 9146: 9137: 9129: 9124: 9116: 9111: 9103: 9098: 9090: 9086: 9078: 9070: 9066: 9061: 9053: 9048: 9040: 9035: 9027: 9022: 9014: 9010: 9005: 8997: 8994:Gods of Play 8993: 8988: 8978: 8969: 8961: 8956: 8948: 8943: 8930: 8922: 8917: 8909: 8904: 8896: 8891: 8883: 8879: 8878:Tim Carter, 8874: 8866: 8858: 8854: 8849: 8841: 8829: 8824: 8816: 8808: 8803: 8795: 8787: 8783: 8778: 8770: 8765: 8757: 8753: 8745: 8740: 8730: 8727: 8723: 8718: 8710: 8706: 8702: 8698: 8690: 8686: 8681: 8673: 8663: 8659: 8651: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8626: 8616: 8612: 8608: 8596: 8588: 8582: 8572: 8557: 8553: 8549: 8531: 8526: 8516: 8510: 8504: 8490: 8484: 8478: 8473: 8465: 8453: 8445: 8441: 8433: 8426:1894 edition 8419: 8412:1798 edition 8401: 8389: 8385: 8380: 8372: 8367: 8359: 8354: 8345: 8337: 8333: 8328: 8320: 8316: 8311: 8303: 8298: 8290: 8289:Ralph Nash, 8285: 8277: 8273: 8272:Bondanella, 8268: 8260: 8256: 8252: 8244: 8240: 8235: 8227: 8223: 8215: 8211: 8207: 8194: 8189:, Canto VII. 8184: 8176: 8168: 8164: 8160: 8155: 8146: 8142: 8138: 8126: 8118: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8094: 8090: 8086: 8077: 8069: 8065: 8064:Prudentius, 8060: 8052: 8048: 8043: 8031: 8027: 8017: 8013: 8005: 7997: 7989: 7984: 7976: 7972: 7965: 7953: 7945: 7940: 7932: 7927: 7919: 7914: 7906: 7902: 7893: 7881: 7872: 7864: 7860: 7856: 7848: 7840: 7836: 7825:Roman Africa 7820: 7816: 7808: 7804: 7800: 7786: 7778: 7774: 7766: 7761: 7749: 7744: 7736: 7721: 7707: 7698: 7689: 7669: 7664: 7656: 7653:Peter Dronke 7636: 7628: 7624: 7620: 7612: 7607:translation 7601:LacusCurtius 7596: 7588: 7580: 7576: 7571: 7563: 7559: 7554: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7533: 7525: 7517: 7509: 7504: 7492: 7487: 7478: 7466: 7461: 7449: 7444: 7436: 7431: 7423: 7419: 7411: 7407: 7391: 7383: 7370: 7362: 7358: 7352: 7344: 7343:VIII. 11)," 7340: 7336: 7332: 7323: 7315: 7311: 7303: 7295: 7291: 7286: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7262: 7254: 7249: 7241: 7233: 7223: 7219: 7211: 7203: 7199: 7191: 7183: 7178: 7170: 7165: 7157: 7152: 7145:Aristophanes 7144: 7139: 7131: 7122: 7114: 7113:A.M. Bowie, 7109: 7101: 7096: 7088: 7083: 7075: 7062:, pp. 78–79. 7059: 7054: 7046: 7042: 7037: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7013: 7005: 7000: 6992: 6986: 6977: 6969: 6961: 6955: 6951: 6947: 6943: 6931: 6923: 6919: 6911: 6906: 6898: 6894: 6890: 6882: 6878: 6873: 6865: 6857: 6850:(Orci galea) 6849: 6843: 6835: 6825: 6817: 6808: 6799: 6794: 6781:1.1–2, 1911 6776: 6767: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6743: 6735: 6730: 6722: 6710: 6705: 6698:Harpocration 6693: 6688: 6678: 6666: 6654: 6645: 6640:, pp. 25–28. 6637: 6632: 6622: 6618: 6613: 6603: 6595: 6585: 6577: 6569: 6564: 6556: 6553:Poèmes 38–39 6552: 6540: 6532: 6527: 6519: 6515: 6509: 6499: 6491: 6486: 6478: 6474: 6469: 6461: 6455: 6447: 6439: 6430: 6416: 6408: 6404: 6399: 6391: 6386: 6378: 6375:Thesmophoria 6370: 6366: 6354: 6349: 6341: 6337: 6333: 6329: 6321: 6316: 6308: 6304: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6282: 6277: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6238:textual crux 6233: 6229: 6225: 6220: 6212: 6208: 6200: 6192: 6188: 6181: 6176: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6136: 6131:21.107–115; 6128: 6120: 6116: 6105: 6102:Theophrastus 6093: 6089: 6085: 6080: 6070: 6066: 6061: 6053: 6039: 6035: 6030: 6022: 6017: 6004: 5994: 5980: 5972: 5964: 5959: 5947: 5939: 5935: 5930: 5922: 5917: 5905: 5901: 5883: 5879: 5873: 5869: 5864: 5856: 5851: 5843: 5835: 5830: 5822: 5814: 5809: 5801: 5792: 5784: 5780: 5774: 5766: 5761: 5753: 5748: 5740: 5736: 5731: 5723: 5718: 5710: 5705: 5697: 5692: 5684: 5680: 5675: 5665: 5661: 5653: 5645: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5621: 5617: 5612: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5592: 5588: 5576: 5572: 5564: 5556: 5548: 5543: 5532: 5527: 5520:Thesmophoria 5515: 5511: 5506: 5498: 5493: 5482:Roman Empire 5472:Tablets 15 ( 5468: 5460: 5455: 5447: 5442: 5434: 5429: 5422:Thessalonike 5413: 5397: 5393: 5388:, Calabria, 5381: 5376: 5368: 5363: 5355: 5350: 5342: 5338: 5332: 5328: 5323: 5315: 5306: 5294: 5289: 5281: 5265: 5261: 5256: 5248: 5242: 5238: 5234: 5222: 5217: 5209: 5197: 5194:A.P. Russell 5186: 5182: 5181:; Jan Kott, 5174: 5169: 5161: 5157: 5153: 5133: 5128: 5120: 5116: 5111: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5087: 5079: 5074: 5066: 5062: 5057: 5049: 5044: 5036: 5031: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5007: 5002: 4988: 4984: 4978: 4969: 4939: 4935: 4930: 4922: 4914: 4906: 4899: 4891: 4883: 4878: 4868: 4855: 4847: 4846:(Robertson, 4839: 4829: 4813: 4797: 4792: 4784: 4780: 4772: 4762: 4757: 4749: 4745: 4737: 4726: 4722: 4719:Natale Conti 4714: 4706: 4702: 4697: 4687: 4683: 4677: 4673: 4668: 4660: 4656: 4638: 4633: 4622: 4618: 4614: 4609: 4598:late-antique 4593: 4585: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4556: 4551: 4543: 4538: 4530: 4525: 4509: 4500:, edited by 4495: 4464: 4456: 4444: 4441:LacusCurtius 4413: 4405: 4397: 4387: 4375: 4367: 4362: 4354: 4346: 4330: 4326:Orphic Hymns 4324: 4319: 4311: 4310:in Roscher, 4307: 4303: 4295: 4290: 4282: 4279:Orphic Hymns 4278: 4274: 4269: 4261: 4254: 4246: 4241: 4233: 4223: 4220:Natale Conti 4216:LacusCurtius 4204:silver mines 4184: 4176: 4172: 4167: 4159: 4151: 4146: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4095: 4091: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4070: 4062: 4058: 4053: 4045: 4040: 4032: 4026: 4018: 4011:propitiation 4006: 4000: 3992: 3987: 3974: 3966: 3958: 3954: 3946: 3938: 3930: 3925: 3917: 3909: 3901: 3889: 3883: 3879: 3869: 3861: 3853: 3848: 3840: 3835: 3827: 3819: 3768: 3752: 3745:Rick Riordan 3742: 3735: 3731: 3721: 3710:Thomas Hardy 3703: 3702:writers. In 3681: 3662: 3658: 3646: 3642: 3631: 3623:of alchemy". 3600:more than a 3563: 3559: 3555: 3533: 3524: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3473: 3472:Rembrandt's 3461: 3434: 3433:(1763). The 3430: 3418: 3400: 3394: 3373: 3366:orchestrated 3363: 3354: 3344: 3335: 3323: 3318:(1726); and 3313: 3303: 3290: 3284: 3274: 3264: 3254: 3244: 3234: 3228: 3222: 3206: 3200: 3194: 3164: 3145:festival in 3129:and through 3125:through the 3112: 3105: 3095:Huon de Méry 3092: 3088: 3081: 3075: 3071: 3063: 3047: 3039: 3037: 3016: 2997: 2991: 2962: 2955: 2939: 2921: 2917:commentators 2912: 2902: 2896: 2880: 2851: 2845: 2843: 2831:Abbo Cernuus 2807: 2797: 2773: 2751:gladiatorial 2748: 2725: 2646: 2632: 2610: 2601: 2595: 2578:Neoplatonism 2564: 2515: 2513: 2508: 2500: 2497:Koure Selene 2496: 2492: 2491: 2487:Koure Selene 2486: 2482: 2476: 2463: 2459: 2435: 2431: 2428: 2422: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2386:Stoic system 2383: 2378: 2374: 2363:geochemistry 2360: 2344: 2332: 2328: 2326: 2298: 2270: 2259: 2253: 2252:used in his 2242: 2217: 2173: 2159:Skirophorion 2152: 2143: 2135: 2129: 2117: 2111: 2107: 2102:, Plato has 2097: 2093: 2091: 2078: 2051: 2047: 2041: 2035:Aristophanes 2022: 2020: 1989: 1980: 1951: 1942: 1935: 1925: 1905: 1901: 1895: 1879: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1798: 1794: 1788: 1786: 1770: 1762: 1759:white poplar 1750: 1743: 1738: 1735:Tree of Life 1710: 1706: 1704: 1693: 1677: 1671: 1667: 1654: 1650: 1644: 1640: 1638: 1621: 1609: 1600: 1591:Natale Conti 1584: 1565: 1561: 1547: 1538: 1530: 1515:frankincense 1510: 1490: 1486: 1481:philosopher 1476: 1466: 1465:, is also a 1458: 1435: 1433: 1431:(Poseidon). 1417:Natale Conti 1403: 1385: 1371: 1369: 1346: 1344: 1278:sacred grove 1265: 1259: 1237: 1233: 1227: 1196: 1184: 1178: 1168: 1154: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1123: 1103: 1097: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1072:gold tablets 1058: 1053: 1052:and Goddess 1045: 1025: 1013: 1009: 994: 988: 949: 945: 939: 930:Il Penseroso 928: 920: 911: 900: 896: 886: 877:Orphic Hymns 875: 858: 848: 833: 825: 815: 813: 795: 775: 764:Orphic texts 757: 743: 740:Natale Conti 699: 695: 691: 683: 677: 671: 665: 660: 652: 646: 633: 626: 622: 620: 604: 538:, Pluto was 527: 523: 521: 511: 506: 496: 474: 469: 465: 457: 453: 437: 431: 426: 418: 414: 405: 395: 387: 386: 358: 356: 351: 347: 329: 321: 317: 275: 259: 257: 215: 211: 207: 199: 187: 179: 166: 165: 132: 110: 105: 101: 89: 73: 53: 41: 31: 18: 15403:Persecution 15355:Gallo-Roman 15147:Res divinae 15019:Rhea Silvia 14362:Thunderbolt 14175:Titanomachy 14059:Symplegades 13842:Nemean lion 13802:Cretan Bull 13771:/ slain by 13716:Hippocampus 13662:Centaurides 13531:Ceuthonymus 13519:and spirits 12999:Neoptolemus 12918:Heracleidae 12707:Polypheides 12657:Halitherses 12592:Amphilochus 12522:Triptolemus 12507:Penthesilea 12361:Bellerophon 12289:Individuals 12043:Telesphorus 11866:Psychopomps 11700:War deities 11157:Family tree 11100:Hiera Orgas 10853:Telesterion 10813:Asclepieion 10805:sanctuaries 10658:Ptolemaieia 10638:Oschophoria 10628:Metageitnia 10618:Leucophryna 10568:Elaphebolia 10508:Arrhephoria 10488:Anthesteria 10483:Amphidromia 10424:Hermeticism 10274:Iatromantis 10076:Amphidromia 9905:God-fearers 9888:Hermeticism 9815:Expressions 9770:Antecedents 9641:Bibliotheca 9634:Argonautica 9477:Theia mania 9447:Patron gods 9437:Nympholepsy 9387:Golden Rule 9382:Golden mean 9320:Ages of Man 8672:; Radford, 8358:Rossignol, 8274:The Inferno 8038:as obscene. 8006:Ad nationes 7829:Baal-Hammon 7817:Argonautica 7796:Baal-Hammon 7329:manuscripts 7225:Homo Necans 6962:Iove Stygio 6787:J.G. Frazer 6778:Bibliotheca 6773:Apollodorus 6605:Etymologiae 6452:Artemidorus 6403:Zimmerman, 6353:Sophocles, 6322:Mythologiae 6311:pp. 98–101. 6234:(glaukotēs) 6112:Dioscorides 5965:Mythologiae 5898:Triptolemos 5765:Robertson, 5597:Orphic Hymn 5589:Pythian Ode 5206:domesticity 5136:(Ἐρωτικός) 4956:("Honor"). 4950:Theodontius 4796:Robertson, 4785:Orphic Hymn 4764:Orphic Hymn 4723:Mythologiae 4570:Bibliotheca 4484:personified 4398:De mensibus 4376:Etymologies 4329:and in the 4247:On Mourning 4234:Mythologiae 4196:Poseidonius 3980:465–9 3888:5.125–128: 3749:young adult 3688:J.G. Frazer 3409:in Love"), 3343:'s satiric 3297:Charpentier 3199:(1607) and 3183:vocal range 3167:librettists 3115:Renaissance 3068:John Milton 2936:city of Dis 2794:his payment 2788:to Dis and 2774:(solvit ad 2567:Pythagorean 2418:Neoplatonic 2414:Pythagorean 2412:Within the 2072:upper world 2058:by the god 1912:wielded by 1884:chiaroscuro 1837:Bibliotheca 1797:instead of 1790:Bibliotheca 1695:capillaires 1601:(adianthus) 1587:Renaissance 1523:aphrodisiac 1499:Dioscorides 1467:kleidouchos 1400:at his side 1230:Doric Greek 954:Protesilaus 902:Bibliotheca 851:(1605), by 744:Mythologiae 736:Renaissance 732:Middle Ages 708:source text 642:mythography 584:personified 510:; the name 497:On Mourning 489:Roman Spain 475:During the 392:euphemistic 27:Getty Villa 15476:Roman gods 15440:Categories 15348:Variations 15250:Philosophy 15229:Capitolium 15136:Propertius 14903:Averruncus 14888:Aeternitas 14878:Abundantia 14807:Proserpina 14505:Classicism 14493:treatments 14433:Orphic egg 14418:Gorgoneion 14413:Cornucopia 14302:Orichalcum 14282:Lotus tree 14180:Trojan War 14165:Indian War 14069:Themiscyra 14009:Hyperborea 13936:Korybantes 13926:Gargareans 13852:Polyphemus 13618:Cacodaemon 13590:Trojan War 13526:Ascalaphus 13229:Ploutonion 13201:Charoniums 13159:Lerna Lake 13128:Phlegethon 13084:Underworld 13069:Telemachus 12842:Cassiopeia 12817:Andromache 12774:Theiodamas 12737:Erythraean 12652:Epimenides 12587:Amphiaraus 12412:Erechtheus 12376:Chrysippus 12346:Antilochus 12341:Amphitryon 12336:Amphiaraus 12227:Eileithyia 12008:Eileithyia 11948:Persephone 11884:Hermanubis 11675:Aphroditus 11522:Amphitrite 11479:Hephaestus 11422:Phosphorus 11391:Prometheus 11356:Epimetheus 11142:Myths and 11115:Sacred Way 11053:Hippocrene 10848:Ploutonion 10818:Delphinion 10683:Tauropolia 10643:Pamboeotia 10598:Hieromenia 10503:Aphrodisia 10459:Festivals 10438:Necromancy 10414:Divination 10324:Cult image 10284:Mystagogue 10279:Kanephoros 10262:Hierophant 10145:Incubation 10130:Hierophany 10096:Divination 9914:religions 9883:Gnosticism 9837:Polytheism 9832:Monotheism 9827:Henotheism 9710:Myth of Er 9672:Dionysiaca 9537:Iliupersis 9507:Epic Cycle 9498:epic poems 9467:Sophrosyne 9462:Polytheism 9367:Euhemerism 9362:Eudaimonia 9342:Apotheosis 9330:Heroic Age 9325:Golden Age 8828:Pirrotta, 8480:Coriolanus 8002:Tertullian 7962:Prudentius 7646:scholastic 7617:Iamblichus 7400:Proserpina 7308:Lactantius 6968:". Fitch, 6673:, note to 6649:The nymph 6584:, note to 6338:Lost Girls 6305:caeruleus, 6262:De nuptiis 6191:, p. 105; 6100:, include 6086:phasganion 5987:Eumolpidae 5902:Pherephata 5840:Georg Luck 5459:Tsagalis, 5354:Tsagalis, 5221:Tsagalis, 5098:2.14.6–7, 5020:Phosphoros 4850:, p. 101). 4840:Rhapsodies 4826:commentary 4804:). Vergil 4721:observes ( 4602:Fulgentius 4423:, even as 4394:John Lydus 4382:, note to 4368:De nuptiis 4355:De Nuptiis 4331:Dionysiaca 4251:Greek text 4230:the Spains 4156:Kurt Latte 4123:accusative 4074:Tsagalis, 3843:,, p. 180. 3726:(1920) by 3579:distillery 3576:alchemical 3552:Caravaggio 3491:Iconologia 3443:André Gide 3435:Persephone 3336:Proserpine 3219:Jean Raoux 3187:Monteverdi 3179:bass voice 3151:stagecraft 3099:Antichrist 2969:Proserpina 2867:Phlegethon 2766:Prudentius 2755:Tertullian 2742:forces by 2707:See also: 2661:Hephaestus 2635:can be an 2468:Caravaggio 2184:Lactantius 1996:alchemical 1986:Caravaggio 1904:, "two" + 1835:, but the 1809:to use in 1723:Cyparissus 1719:cremations 1707:cyparissus 1531:phasganion 1517:to make a 1487:phasganion 1388:(1592) by 1294:Hierapolis 1262:ploutonion 1256:Ploutonion 1143:topography 958:Trojan War 809:Proserpina 760:monogamous 594:See also: 570:; and the 423:cornucopia 252:Persephone 248:Amphipolis 244:Kasta Tomb 190:. Pluto's 121:underworld 111:Pluto and 98:Persephone 15375:Mithraism 15360:Mysteries 15209:Palladium 15187:Festivals 14963:Securitas 14913:Concordia 14857:Vertumnus 14675:Dīs Pater 14572:mythology 14453:Swan song 14438:Ouroboros 14423:Kantharos 14307:Palladium 14277:Labyrinth 14170:Theomachy 14150:Attic War 14074:Thrinacia 14064:Tartessos 13989:Aethiopia 13971:Telchines 13956:Myrmidons 13931:Halizones 13769:Captured 13750:Charybdis 13646:creatures 13541:Menoetius 13536:Eurynomos 13472:Pirithous 13398:Salmoneus 13366:Residents 13149:Acherusia 13044:Polynices 13029:Philomela 13019:Patroclus 12938:Iphigenia 12928:Hippolyta 12877:Deucalion 12822:Andromeda 12812:Agamemnon 12807:Aegisthus 12722:Cimmerian 12702:Polyeidos 12637:Cassandra 12538:Argonauts 12462:Narcissus 12356:Autolycus 12279:Heroes / 11993:Asclepius 11670:Aphrodite 11637:Hedylogos 11587:Scamander 11577:Potamides 11444:Aphrodite 11371:Menoetius 11290:Mnemosyne 11144:mythology 11087:Salaminia 11006:Vari Cave 10948:Mountains 10843:Parthenon 10838:Panionium 10833:Nymphaeum 10823:Mithraeum 10688:Thargelia 10663:Pyanopsia 10653:Plynteria 10588:Heracleia 10553:Delphinia 10528:Brauronia 10523:Boedromia 10430:Hermetica 10310:Religious 10247:Basilinna 10228:Religious 10207:Pharmakos 10195:Holocaust 10180:Sacrifice 10170:Panegyris 10160:Omophagia 10118:Hero cult 10069:/ rituals 10047:Hellenism 10037:Feraferia 9999:Mithraism 9918:Alexander 9912:Syncretic 9763:Religions 9655:Cyranides 9628:Aretalogy 9606:Alcmeonis 9585:Oedipodea 9516:Aethiopis 9457:Phronesis 9452:Pederasty 9417:Katabasis 9402:Hero cult 9397:Hemitheos 9292:mythology 9218:, p. 254. 9214:Radford, 9203:et passim 9197:Radford, 9163:Radford, 9132:, p. 870. 9106:, p. 178. 9102:Strauss, 9017:, p. 160. 8951:, p. 625. 8832:Poliziano 8811:Poliziano 8773:, p. 766. 8713:, p. 352. 8028:(coniunx) 8010:Augustine 7968:Symmachum 7805:Asclepius 7779:et passim 7767:Asclepius 7629:at Delphi 7512:, p. 150. 7414:, p. 564. 7363:Diespiter 7359:Dis Pater 7337:Dis pater 7333:Diespiter 7298:, p. 179. 7281:, p. 179. 7238:Hesychius 7104:, p. 181. 7091:, p. 275. 7030:et passim 6983:Euripides 6972:, p. 156. 6948:Diro Iovi 6895:Seneca's 6494:7.13–14; 6464:, p. 115. 6462:Sophocles 6436:R.C. Jebb 6363:Euphorion 6357:681, and 6289:Seneca's 6215:, p. 315. 6195:, p. 315. 6149:gladiolus 6137:Herbarius 6094:gladiolus 6010:Totenpass 5999:Pausanias 5977:Sophocles 5952:Pausanias 5773:, citing 5769:, p. 163 5743:, p. 212. 5670:on Hades. 5595:233–236; 5478:Rethymnon 5474:Eleuthera 5463:, p. 101. 5406:Pharsalos 5402:Strongoli 5386:Hipponion 5284:, p. 281. 5280:Farnell, 5268:, p. 154. 5202:burlesque 5134:Amatorius 5012:Euripides 4923:Isodaitês 4919:Hesychius 4886:, p. 110. 4824:, in his 4806:conflates 4752:of Pluto. 4707:et passim 4701:Radford, 4645:catabasis 4596:146. The 4533:, p. 182. 4366:Capella, 4194:, citing 4104:Euhemerus 3804:plutonism 3788:plutonium 3700:Modernist 3696:Victorian 3684:Romantics 3667:engraving 3655:Rembrandt 3602:hellhound 3566:1597), a 3558:(Italian 3500:Rembrandt 3421:(1760s). 3411:Louis XIV 3399:'s opera 3382:trombones 3359:Aristaeus 3341:Offenbach 3191:Rinuccini 3135:Fête-Dieu 3038:The name 3029:courtiers 3002:fairyland 2993:Sir Orfeo 2938:(Italian 2770:Symmachus 2637:adjective 2633:Plutonius 2602:Plutonius 2584:Plutonius 2574:Platonism 2559:oblivion 2466:1597) by 2398:purgatory 2367:plutonium 2321:world-egg 2250:Boccaccio 2176:Euhemerus 2144:Isodaitēs 2136:Isodaitēs 2048:Batrachoi 2043:The Frogs 2021:The name 1947:scholiast 1711:cupressus 1678:(atokios) 1668:adianthus 1641:adianthus 1618:Eumenides 1595:narcissus 1579:narcissus 1562:caeruleus 1554:Tartarean 1519:cataplasm 1495:gladiolus 1405:Pausanias 1266:plutonium 1181:epiclesis 1109:Eubouleus 1105:Hesychius 868:Dionysiac 820:(1590s), 805:Boccaccio 801:Hesychius 772:Eumenides 754:Offspring 716:Roman art 590:Mythology 560:syncretic 493:Turdetani 454:Dis pater 258:The name 220:classical 196:Dis Pater 184:Latinized 182:) is the 159:or other 117:cosmogony 78:conflated 70:afterlife 38:mythology 15415:Glossary 15386:See also 15282:Stoicism 15257:Cynicism 15219:Pomerium 15178:Concepts 15160:Apuleius 15080:She-wolf 15064:Hersilia 14983:Victoria 14883:Aequitas 14837:Summanus 14827:Silvanus 14812:Quirinus 14742:Libertas 14705:Hercules 14650:Cloacina 14635:Carmenta 14630:Bona Dea 14605:Angerona 14600:Agenoria 14510:Classics 14408:Caduceus 14232:Diipetes 14210:Ambrosia 14039:Panchaia 14004:Erytheia 13982:/ Realms 13906:Bebryces 13891:Achaeans 13837:Minotaur 13787:Cerberus 13684:Drakaina 13644:Beasts / 13623:Eudaemon 13554:Mythical 13462:Odysseus 13452:Heracles 13447:Dionysus 13439:Visitors 13419:Tiresias 13414:Tantalus 13409:Sisyphus 13383:Eurydice 13378:Danaïdes 13373:Anticlea 13357:Cerberus 13310:Tartarus 13238:Acharaca 13215:Acharaca 13190:Cave at 13184:Cave at 13178:Cave at 13118:Eridanos 13024:Penelope 12923:Hermione 12887:Eteocles 12872:Deidamia 12867:Damocles 12852:Chryseis 12827:Antigone 12784:Tiresias 12757:Phrygian 12692:Munichus 12682:Melampus 12617:Branchus 12472:Odysseus 12457:Menelaus 12452:Meleager 12432:Heracles 12422:Ganymede 12417:Eunostus 12402:Echetlus 12396:Dioscuri 12391:Diomedes 12386:Daedalus 12381:Cyamites 12366:Bouzyges 12351:Atalanta 12331:Akademos 12301:Achilles 12281:heroines 12239:Harmonia 12235:(Furies) 12217:Chrysaor 12205:Zephyrus 12167:Pasiphaë 12074:Pasithea 11891:Thanatos 11847:Proioxis 11817:Palioxis 11797:Kydoimos 11777:Hysminai 11752:Enyalius 11707:Adrestia 11682:Philotes 11567:Poseidon 11557:Oceanids 11499:Poseidon 11474:Dionysus 11417:Hesperus 11341:Astraeus 11280:Hyperion 11235:Tartarus 11230:Thalassa 11105:Kanathos 10673:Synoikia 10633:Munichia 10558:Dionysia 10538:Chalceia 10533:Buphonia 10518:Bendidia 10498:Apaturia 10478:Agrionia 10461:/ feasts 10361:Omphalos 10257:Hiereiai 10202:Libation 10190:Hecatomb 10091:Daduchos 10067:Worship 10042:Gaianism 9874:systems 9872:Esoteric 9742:Theogony 9691:Homerica 9565:Telegony 9491:Texts / 9377:Eusebeia 9305:Religion 9238:series). 9182:chioccia 9000:, p. 71. 8992:Aercke, 8676:, p. 25. 8601:archaism 8501:metaphor 8323:, p. 25. 8163:and the 7886:Epiphany 7771:Apuleius 7717:Plutarch 7713:Ammonius 7642:Numenius 7593:Plutarch 7583:5.5.7–9. 7581:Epidrome 7562:Cratylus 7341:Origines 7290:Morrow, 7206:, p. 69. 7169:Morrow, 6928:genitive 6848:2.10.74 6822:Rabelais 6804:Irenaeus 6798:Hansen, 6738:, p. 33. 6734:Riddle, 6715:Rhodians 6661:8.3.14). 6624:Georgics 6608:17.7.34. 6572:, p. 25. 6531:Riddle, 6506:Rabelais 6501:Theriaca 6496:Nicander 6359:scholion 6309:Studies, 6110:7.12.3; 6034:Turcan, 5923:Hesperia 5910:himation 5908:wears a 5593:Theogony 5577:Euboulos 5518:and the 5410:Thessaly 5260:Morrow, 5173:Lucian, 5142:Plutarch 5104:Plutonem 4831:Cratylus 4746:(Menthe) 4738:pallakis 4705:, p. 22 4529:Hansen, 4480:Thanatos 4461:Eusebius 4414:De Iside 4410:Plutarch 4389:Georgics 4378:5.33.4; 4245:Lucian, 4225:imperium 4171:Cicero, 4131:Plutonem 4028:Cratylus 3991:Hansen, 3933:, p. 56. 3912:969–74; 3910:Theogony 3852:Hansen, 3839:Hansen, 3708:(1891), 3594:Cerberus 3583:Cardinal 3536:(1516), 3449:Fine art 3417:'s lost 3407:Hercules 3388:, and a 3380:, three 3334:Lully's 3330:baritone 3310:Telemann 3308:(1686); 3295:(1674); 3279:(1672); 3271:Sartoris 3269:(1668); 3259:(1647); 3249:(1602); 3246:Euridice 3239:(1600); 3236:Euridice 3131:pageants 3121:entered 3025:eldritch 2887:excursus 2759:Etruscan 2673:daemonic 2657:sublunar 2653:demiurge 2505:Apuleius 2444:elements 2407:ploutein 2104:Socrates 2099:Cratylus 2060:Dionysus 1971:Cerberus 1932:Hercules 1865:celerity 1849:Rabelais 1807:Cyclopes 1709:, Latin 1673:asplenon 1651:adianton 1646:Adiantum 1483:Cornutus 1459:(Aiakos) 1398:Cerberus 1374:are his 1282:Tralleis 1280:between 1234:Pasianax 1147:Tartarus 1139:Euboulos 1038:Mytilene 970:Heracles 966:Alcestis 893:Eurydice 826:phosphor 688:Claudian 623:Theogony 580:Thanatos 544:Summanus 507:(chasma) 381:Dionysos 322:Theogony 298:Poseidon 277:Theogony 200:Plouton. 180:Plūtōnis 177:genitive 129:Poseidon 86:chthonic 15398:Decline 15322:Objects 15224:Temples 15204:Charity 14938:Laverna 14928:Fortuna 14918:Feronia 14847:Veritas 14817:Salacia 14802:Priapus 14787:Penates 14767:Neptune 14762:Minerva 14757:Mercury 14720:Jupiter 14660:Dea Dia 14625:Bellona 14580:Deities 14396:Symbols 14367:Thyrsus 14357:Talaria 14322:Petasos 14312:Panacea 14242:Galatea 14237:Eidolon 14200:Adamant 14193:Objects 14054:Scythia 14049:Scheria 14044:Phlegra 14014:Ismarus 13999:Colchis 13980:Places 13966:Spartoi 13961:Pygmies 13946:Lapiths 13921:Dactyls 13916:Curetes 13911:Cicones 13896:Amazons 13847:Orthrus 13797:Chimera 13731:Phoenix 13691:Echidna 13674:Cyclops 13657:Centaur 13482:Theseus 13467:Orpheus 13285:Elysium 13244:Eleusis 13113:Cocytus 13108:Acheron 13074:Troilus 13059:Pylades 13034:Phoenix 13009:Orestes 12969:Maenads 12948:Jocasta 12897:Gordias 12882:Electra 12837:Briseis 12795:mortals 12769:Telemus 12752:Persian 12732:Delphic 12727:Cumaean 12697:Phineus 12662:Helenus 12647:Ennomus 12622:Calchas 12607:Asbolus 12577:Aesacus 12570:/ seers 12567:Oracles 12548:Epigoni 12517:Theseus 12512:Perseus 12492:Pandion 12482:Orpheus 12477:Oedipus 12407:Eleusis 12306:Actaeon 12296:Abderus 12260:Pegasus 12250:Nemesis 12233:Erinyes 12095:Angelia 12079:Oneiroi 12064:Epiales 12038:Panacea 12023:Hygieia 12003:Darrhon 11983:Artemis 11953:Zagreus 11943:Melinoë 11909:Cabeiri 11904:Angelos 11842:Polemos 11772:Homados 11647:Himeros 11627:Anteros 11592:Thaumas 11582:Proteus 11572:Potamoi 11562:Phorcys 11547:Nereids 11537:Glaucus 11527:Alpheus 11469:Demeter 11459:Artemis 11336:Asteria 11295:Oceanus 11285:Iapetus 11190:Chronos 11152:Deities 11110:Olympia 11095:Eleusis 11080:Paralus 11041:Springs 11015:Islands 10975:Olympus 10877:Oracles 10858:Temenos 10800:Temples 10693:Theseia 10678:Soteria 10593:Hermaea 10578:Halieia 10573:Gamelia 10563:Ecdysia 10513:Ascolia 10493:Apellai 10381:Sceptre 10312:objects 10301:Thiasus 10252:Gerarai 10230:offices 10219:Theatre 10009:Orphism 9822:Atheism 9599:Epigoni 9592:Thebaid 9558:Odyssey 9357:Destiny 9186:Inferno 9119:p. 665. 8983:(1762). 8836:, with 8597:griesly 8562:druidic 8462:Avernus 8394:Titania 8302:Tasso, 8278:Inferno 8261:Inferno 8245:Inferno 8228:Plutone 8216:Ploutos 8212:Plouton 8186:Inferno 8121:suboles 8113:soboles 8024:Neptune 7966:Contra 7948:p. 256. 7674:Artemis 7625:On the 7497:Chronos 7454:mytheme 7143:Bowie, 6960:4.638, 6930:case), 6840:Erasmus 6771:Pseudo- 6680:Eclogue 6671:Servius 6582:Servius 6418:invidia 6413:phallus 6145:xiphion 6123:2.101; 6090:xiphion 6005:lamella 6003:golden 5819:Photius 5798:14.1.44 5796:Strabo 5709:Gager, 5420:, near 5229:by the 5188:Holbein 5154:Moralia 5067:Plouton 4958:Macaria 4946:p. 130. 4900:Apology 4882:Foley, 4828:on the 4822:Proclus 4802:Erinyes 4748:as the 4594:Fabulae 4590:Hyginus 4574:Library 4482:(Death 4468:1.10.34 4433:Canopus 4380:Servius 4370:2.149; 4339:victims 4312:Lexikon 4283:Plouton 4202:on the 4127:Plutona 3885:Odyssey 3782:plutino 3778:plutoid 3639:Bernini 3542:unicorn 3538:etching 3486:artists 3415:Noverre 3397:Cavalli 3386:bassoon 3378:cornets 3376:as two 3374:L'Orfeo 3315:Orpheus 3286:Alceste 3241:Caccini 3196:L'Orfeo 3021:incubus 2989:romance 2932:Stygian 2928:Fortuna 2871:Acheron 2863:Cocytus 2855:Harpies 2844:In the 2839:Vikings 2823:Lucifer 2753:games. 2740:demonic 2697:sublime 2695:of the 2677:sophist 2649:Proclus 2617:Serapis 2596:In the 2540:clarity 2403:Plouton 2384:In the 2379:plêthos 2375:Plouton 2346:sunesis 2329:plêthos 2301:Gnostic 2285:Peneius 2236:Neptune 2204:Jupiter 2182:writer 2120:Sophist 2112:ploutos 2108:Plouton 2094:Plouton 2052:Plouton 2023:Plouton 1963:Raphael 1943:Plouton 1914:Jupiter 1887:woodcut 1853:Erasmus 1823:(kyneê) 1819:trident 1795:Plouton 1761:(Greek 1749:(Greek 1606:cypress 1564:, from 1539:glaukos 1535:Avernus 1511:xiphion 1491:xiphion 1429:Neptune 1425:trident 1376:scepter 1356:sceptre 1318:Avernus 1298:Phrygia 1270:Eleusis 1264:(Latin 1244:Abrasax 1223:victims 1183:in the 1163:Eleusis 1151:Acheron 1092:epitaph 1088:Plouton 1084:Plouton 1080:Plouton 1069:Bacchic 1034:Ephesos 1026:Plouton 1022:Eleusis 1010:Plouton 897:Plouton 872:Bacchic 870:," or " 860:Orpheus 768:Melinoe 704:editors 657:Hyginus 647:Library 634:Plouton 617:in Rome 613:at the 582:(Death 564:Serapis 548:Februus 470:Plouton 458:Plouton 427:Plouton 419:Ploutos 415:Plouton 406:Plouton 388:Plouton 352:Plouton 348:Ploutos 331:Odyssey 318:Ploutos 314:Demeter 306:Demeter 266:of the 260:Plouton 242:of the 216:Plutone 188:Plouton 157:Orpheus 139:of the 133:Plouton 104:and as 102:Plouton 90:Ploutōn 82:Ploûtos 74:Ploutōn 56:Ploutōn 50:Πλούτων 15365:Cybele 15291:Events 15239:Celtic 15107:Aeneid 15101:Virgil 15014:Aeneas 14948:Pietas 14933:Fontus 14908:Caelus 14898:Annona 14893:Africa 14862:Vulcan 14822:Saturn 14797:Pomona 14700:Genius 14690:Faunus 14680:Egeria 14620:Aurora 14615:Apollo 14491:Modern 14428:Labrys 14088:Events 14034:Ogygia 14019:Ithaca 13884:Tribes 13832:Medusa 13774:heroes 13760:Typhon 13755:Sphinx 13746:Scylla 13736:Python 13701:Gorgon 13679:Dragon 13608:Daemon 13561:Beings 13498:Bident 13477:Psyche 13457:Hermes 13429:Tityos 13424:Titans 13404:Shades 13345:Guards 13326:Aeacus 13319:Judges 13290:Erebus 13278:Places 13209:Aornum 13101:Rivers 13064:Pyrrha 13054:Procne 12994:Myrrha 12974:Memnon 12963:Lycaon 12943:Ismene 12912:Hellen 12902:Hecuba 12892:Europa 12832:Augeas 12802:Aegeus 12793:Other 12762:Samian 12747:Libyan 12717:Sibyls 12712:Pythia 12687:Mopsus 12642:Elatus 12627:Carnus 12582:Aleuas 12531:Groups 12502:Pelops 12497:Peleus 12487:Otrera 12467:Nestor 12442:Iolaus 12437:Icarus 12427:Hector 12371:Cadmus 12316:Aeneas 12311:Adonis 12222:Cybele 12190:Boreas 12185:Anemoi 12157:Hecate 12131:Hermes 12105:Hermes 12069:Hypnos 12059:Empusa 12013:Epione 11998:Chiron 11988:Apollo 11938:Lampad 11928:Hypnos 11923:Hecate 11879:Hermes 11874:Charon 11837:Phonoi 11832:Phobos 11827:Perses 11822:Pallas 11807:Machai 11792:Kratos 11747:Deimos 11737:Athena 11687:Peitho 11657:Pothos 11619:Erotes 11602:Triton 11597:Thetis 11552:Nereus 11542:Naiads 11494:Hestia 11489:Hermes 11464:Athena 11449:Apollo 11412:Hecate 11396:Selene 11386:Perses 11381:Pallas 11361:Helios 11320:Themis 11310:Tethys 11300:Phoebe 11275:Cronus 11250:Titans 11240:Uranus 11225:Pontus 11220:Phanes 11210:Hemera 11195:Erebus 11180:Ananke 11175:Aether 11067:Others 10955:Cretea 10939:Tegyra 10909:Dodona 10904:Didyma 10899:Delphi 10894:Claros 10889:Aornum 10728:Rhieia 10648:Pandia 10623:Lykaia 10613:Lenaia 10608:Kronia 10603:Iolaia 10543:Diasia 10473:Adonia 10452:Events 10443:Philia 10371:Rhyton 10351:Kykeon 10346:Kernos 10334:Xoanon 10319:Baetyl 10289:Oracle 10175:Prayer 10155:Nekyia 10123:Heroon 10086:Baptes 9616:Others 9551:Nostoi 9523:Cypria 9407:Hubris 9372:Eunoia 9352:Daemon 8817:passim 8665:passim 8605:grisly 8538:quarto 8497:Erebus 8458:nymphs 8398:Oberon 8280:p. 69. 8218:; see 8008:1.10. 7903:Carmen 7899:Horace 7897:As at 7750:passim 7733:Memory 7731:, and 7609:online 7404:Latona 7388:Cicero 7376:Helios 7004:Cook, 6957:Aeneid 6910:Cook, 6845:Adagia 6719:Polyxo 6675:Vergil 6659:Strabo 6651:Minthē 6617:Ovid, 6590:3.680. 6587:Aeneid 6473:Ovid, 6297:(ater) 6281:Ovid, 6270:Book 1 5936:et al. 5771:online 5679:Bolt, 5667:passim 5658:passim 5601:Hesiod 5585:Pindar 5581:Nereus 5535:Kyrene 5303:Attica 5293:Long, 5244:pithoi 5231:Douris 5227:phiale 5117:et al. 5096:Carmen 5092:Horace 4844:Apollo 4810:Furies 4750:pellex 4742:Strabo 4734:Minthē 4729:. The 4689:passim 4679:passim 4653:Vergil 4649:Aeneas 4640:Aeneid 4488:Cronus 4449:online 4384:Vergil 4357:2.161. 4335:Hesiod 4262:passim 4208:Attica 4189:Strabo 4135:Carmen 4119:Horace 4100:Ennius 3971:Hesiod 3957:," in 3931:Hesiod 3906:Hesiod 3798:pluton 3615:, and 3590:patron 3516:Rubens 3464:(1516) 3390:régale 3355:Pluton 3320:Rameau 3175:ballet 3173:) and 3147:London 3086:tyrant 3084:("the 3058:, and 2948:Furies 2790:Charon 2762:Charun 2556:memory 2548:bright 2479:Smyrna 2423:fabula 2394:Seneca 2351:Pallas 2333:zeousa 2317:Phanes 2313:Hesiod 2281:Dodona 2212:Glauca 2200:Italic 2194:) and 2192:Cronus 2188:Saturn 2148:Helios 2140:Moirai 2124:Cronos 2039:comedy 1922:Seneca 1898:bident 1871:Bident 1815:Titans 1772:aition 1715:Attica 1604:, and 1567:caelum 1543:Glauca 1507:thorns 1503:stings 1456:Aeacus 1444:Anubis 1440:Hecate 1413:nymphs 1310:Apollo 1302:Cybele 1239:daimon 1065:Orphic 1054:(Thea) 1042:Sparta 1040:, and 1030:Knidos 985:Hydria 942:Lucian 925:Milton 917:Horace 864:Orphic 830:Hecate 787:Furies 783:Vergil 694:, not 653:Fables 505:abyss 501:Lucian 485:Iberia 481:Strabo 462:Cicero 434:Ennius 336:fallow 326:Iasion 310:Hestia 308:, and 282:Cronus 272:Hesiod 240:mosaic 230:Hesiod 212:Pluton 161:heroes 15234:Cella 15141:Varro 15121:Fasti 15094:Texts 14978:Terra 14958:Salus 14923:Fides 14852:Vesta 14842:Venus 14792:Pluto 14782:Orcus 14737:Liber 14725:Lares 14710:Janus 14695:Flora 14685:Fauna 14665:Diana 14655:Cupid 14645:Ceres 14476:South 14471:North 14457:Wind 14272:Ichor 14267:Harpe 14205:Aegis 14024:Libya 13862:Talos 13741:Siren 13726:Lamia 13706:Harpy 13696:Giant 13635:Satyr 13630:Nymph 13568:Lists 13393:Ocnus 13388:Ixion 13352:Campe 13331:Minos 13168:Caves 13123:Lethe 13049:Priam 13014:Paris 13004:Niobe 12989:Minos 12984:Midas 12953:Laius 12677:Manto 12672:Idmon 12667:Iamus 12632:Carya 12612:Bakis 12602:Anius 12597:Ampyx 12447:Jason 12265:Zelus 12245:Muses 12212:Azone 12200:Notus 12195:Eurus 12152:Circe 12136:Momus 12126:Apate 12033:Paean 11978:Aegle 11973:Aceso 11933:Keres 11918:Pluto 11914:Hades 11787:Keres 11712:Alala 11376:Metis 11346:Atlas 11315:Theia 11270:Crius 11265:Coeus 11185:Chaos 11027:Delos 10984:Caves 10771:Actia 10707:Games 10668:Skira 10583:Haloa 10548:Delia 10468:Actia 10396:Magic 10294:Sibyl 10165:Orgia 10150:Komos 10140:Hymns 9530:Iliad 9482:Xenia 9472:Soter 9347:Arete 8975:Gluck 8734:text. 8644:Pluto 8640:Pluto 8603:for " 8599:, an 8550:Pluto 8546:Lucan 8410:(see 8181:Dante 8129:amica 8034:sacra 8014:Pluto 7729:Muses 7682:Attis 7396:Cupid 7349:Migne 7267:Plato 7196:Plato 6655:Hades 6627:1.20. 6504:846; 6284:Fasti 6125:Pliny 6046:Jesus 5954:5.20. 5906:Theos 5885:dinos 5880:Theos 5486:Crete 5414:Hades 5016:Helen 4954:Honos 4836:Plato 4731:nymph 4661:Pluto 4659:than 4643:(the 4400:4.25. 4249:(see 4192:3.2.9 4133:) at 4023:Plato 4002:Iliad 3997:Homer 3811:Notes 3774:Pluto 3617:earth 3613:water 3530:Dürer 3508:Venus 3504:Cupid 3480:1631) 3368:with 3351:tenor 3281:Lully 3276:Orfeo 3261:Cesti 3256:Orfeo 3251:Rossi 3208:ballo 3040:Pluto 3033:Cupid 2985:Fairy 2952:Tasso 2913:Pluto 2899:Dante 2859:Lethe 2821:, or 2819:Satan 2815:Devil 2736:Devil 2681:magus 2551:dark 2535:Many 2432:crees 2341:ether 2337:Metis 2266:Dante 2246:Diana 2228:Ceres 2224:Vesta 2220:Titan 2198:, an 2033:. In 2016:Locri 2014:from 2012:pinax 1981:Pluto 1937:dirae 1918:Tinia 1906:dent- 1880:Pluto 1845:Hades 1841:aidos 1803:above 1799:Hades 1769:, an 1763:leukē 1751:Leukē 1747:Leuca 1739:leukē 1692:with 1688:is a 1622:narkê 1558:ebony 1479:Stoic 1448:Janus 1386:Pluto 1347:Theos 1334:kylix 1242:like 1207:dates 1159:Attic 1155:Hades 1076:Hades 1048:Theos 1020:. At 1006:Plato 962:Lethe 935:notes 728:Cupid 724:Venus 712:Greek 700:Pluto 696:Pluto 679:Fasti 512:Hades 466:Dives 410:Hades 402:Plato 397:Iliad 302:Hades 270:. 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