223:(Friend of the People, the title of one of Marat's pamphlets), Bentabole acquired the nickname "Marat Cadet". The death of Marat on 14 July 1793, brought some of the internal frictions of the Montagnards to head, principally between Bentabole and the powerful Robespierre. On the day following Marat's assassination, the Convention rushed to praise Marat for his fervor and revolutionary diligence. Robespierre did not join in the praise, simply calling for an inquiry into the circumstances of his death. The Convention discussed at length the plans for Marat's funeral, to be held in his honor; it would necessarily be an affair of State, and, because of Marat's poverty, would have to be at the State's expense. Robespierre was no great supporter of Marat, saw no need for a public funeral, fearing, perhaps that it would arouse popular anger or provoke violence, as the funeral of
424:
recognized in the 1789 and 1790. He was a useful doer of the dirty work. He was a member of the insurrection
Commune of 10 August (1790), and one of the officers that went with Fournier to bring the political prisoners of Orleans to Paris and looked on while a mob massacred them. He went on missions to the Departments, and expeditions to search the houses of suspects. He acquired his greatest notoriety in March 1793, when he was charged as a leader of an aborted rising, but there was no evidence against him. He may have been poisoned, or he may have died of drink. His funeral became a pageant, organized by David, with funeral orations by
30:
352:'s targets. Over time, they had moderated their stances, whereas Robespierre and his allies had not. Initially Bentabole planned to simply assassinate Robespierre; he could get close enough to him to stab the man. When he shared this idea with one of his closest friends, though, the assassination metamorphosed into a plan. Many who conspired against Robespierre did so for strong practical and personal reasons, most notably self-preservation. Such surviving Dantonists as
367:(26 July) he gave a speech to the Convention in which he railed against enemies and conspiracies, some within the powerful committees. As he did not give the names of "these traitors", all in the Convention feared that they were his targets. Later, at the Jacobin Club, he denounced Collot and Billaud. These men then spent the night planning the following day's coup, with other members of the convention. The following day, Bentabole,
261:
to shackle the opinions that they only want to express for the good of the People. If someone here believes that they should make a serious reproach toward one of his colleagues, let him explain himself and stipulate the facts, not just offer insults. Let the accused be heard, and let us not seek to make people fear from threats. Only the conspirators should be afraid."
423:
Claude
Lazowski (1758–1793), also called Claude Lajouski, was born a gentleman, the son of a Polish refugee who had come with King Stanislaus to France with the future queen of Louis XV. After a series of low-level positions in the royal bureaucracy, his true talents as a street organizer were
260:
Among the opinions offered to the
Tribunal, I noticed Durand-Maillane's, for which I request that he give us a report. Every honest man should want that the freedom of opinion never be jeopardized by unproven charges or invective. We should not swear at men whom we look upon as 'weak beings' in order
383:
The 15 Vendemiaire Year III, he was appointed to the
Committee of Public Safety along with other Thermidorians reactors such as Reubell, Reverchon and Laporte . Shortly after he called for the permanent closure of the Jacobin Club in Paris. On 21 December 1794, during the Thermidorian reaction, he
387:
In
October 1795 after the announcement of the results of elections against Thermidorians, he asked that the convention, which has two vacancies, elect the Executive Board on the field, without waiting for the arrival of new members. In line with the wishes of Tallien Bentabole and friends wish to
375:
attacked the "followers of
Robespierre". Five days later, he moved that the legislation allowing the arrest, trial and execution of anyone without representatives that they are not heard by the convention, as had been the case during the removal of Dantonist. Bentabole's proposal was
251:
By August 1794, Bentabole was already distancing himself from the arch-Montigards. The problem in the
Committees was that attacks on any member of the convention could come from any source; a statement, whether muttered privately or pronounced from the
265:
His proposal received excited applause. Yet, while watching the Terror spread around him, Bentabole could do little to stop it, or thought as much, and sought as much time as he could away from Paris. In
January 1794, he accepted an assignment into
290:, were brought to trial for their treason, he attested to the convention the patriotism of his friend. HĂ©rault was an object of suspicion to the other members of the committee, especially to Maximilien Robespierre, who as a
274:). When he returned to Paris in March 1795, she came with him, as his wife. The influence of his wife, or perhaps his fear for her, brought him to more moderate political views, binding him to
200:, he unhesitatingly voted for the King's death: "I see Louis stained with the blood of his victims, for the peace of my country, for his happiness, I voted for the death." A bitter enemy of the
256:, could generate a cascade of accusations. Bentabole had led an attack on the Jacobin Club, which he accused of seeking to supplant the convention and to be dominated by lobbyists.
536:
2 vols. Paris: Firmin-Didot et cie, 1881, 2:410–13. Translated by
Exploring the French Revolution project staff from original documents in French found in John Hardman,
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had earlier in the year. The dispute between
Bentabole and Robespierre continued; Robespierre saw no need neither to bury the body need Mirabeau; Bentabole insisted.
704:
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196:
In 1792, he stood with the radical revolutionaries in Paris, and urged the convention to seek the death penalty for the King in October. At the trial of
224:
445:. He also owned with his wife one of the largest gambling houses in Paris, close to Maison Duplay, which lay near to Robespierre's home.
306:. HĂ©rault was also of an aristocratic background, another suspicious trait. Danton, HĂ©rault and several others were tried before the
425:
270:; during this mission that he started a relationship with a wealthy aristocrat widow Adelaide Charlotte Chabot (a connection of the
348:
After the death of Danton and the others, Bentabole realized that he, and some of the other moderate Montigards, now had become
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and Pierre-Louis Bentabole. Yet, for three months, the plotters waffled: how should they do it, what was the best strategy?
287:
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188:. On 4 September 1792, he was elected to the National Convention for the Bas-Rhin, by 293 votes out of 386 possible.
532:
This is what is written in the Journal of Debate on the session of 4 Fructidor, Year II. Mathurin de Lescure, ed.,
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wanted revenge for the death of Georges Danton; others wished to protect their own heads. Among the latter were
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Bentabole was the son of a military contractor who made his fortune providing food for the military during the
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on 9 Thermidor. After Thermidor Bentabole participated in the dismemberment of the revolutionary government.
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Ultimately, though, it was Robespierre himself who united his enemies against him. On 8
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Information concerning the strength, views, and interests of the powers presently at war
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enthusiastically accepted by his colleagues. This completed the fall of that so-called
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At the beginning of the year 1794, he was elected member of the Committee of War.
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cancel the results but the maneuver fails under pressure from moderates led by
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Through this union, he bought land and became lord of La Bazoche-Gouet in
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Classified by the government as a Jacobin, he was not re-elected in 1798.
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on 22 April 1798. As a lawyer, he presided and practiced in the districts
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510:, A. Strahan, 1921, vol. 120, pp. 795–805, pp. 796–798 cited.
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and he was one of its most ardent enthusiasts. He was faithful friend of
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project staff from original documents in French found in John Hardman,
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2 vols. (Paris: Firmin-Didot et cie, 1881), 2:410–13. Translated by
643:, Étienne Charavay, Août 1792-Mars 1793. Imprimerie nationale, 1892
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The Terror: The Merciless War for Freedom in Revolutionary France.
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Jacques-Louis David and Jean-Louis Prieur, Revolutionary Artists.
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Jacques-Louis David and Jean-Louis Prieur, Revolutionary Artists,
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Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution.
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Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution.
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during his service. On 6 October 1794, he was appointed to the
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Goodness Beyond Virtue: Jacobins during the French Revolution,
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True to the revolutionary ideals, Bentabole aligned with the
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Mémoires sur les assemblées parlementaires de la révolution,
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Mémoires sur les assemblées parlementaires de la révolution,
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among moderate Republicans supporters of the Revolution.
204:, he attacked them vehemently during the question of a
653:, A. Strahan, 1921, vol. 120, pp. 795–805.
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and condemned alongside together. Danton, HĂ©rault,
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278:and some of the Dantonist and supporters of the
555:Robert Heron, Maurice Montgaillard (comte de),
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485:Boston, Harvard University Press, 1998, p. 40.
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395:Bentabole still managed to be elected to the
219:; through this friendship with the so-called
705:Members of the Legislative Assembly (France)
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561:, Perth, R. Morrison and Son, 1794, p. 205.
725:Deputies to the French National Convention
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298:, resented HĂ©rault and other followers of
286:. When Danton, and his Bentabole's friend
606:. Yale University Press. pp. 271ff.
384:was elected president of the convention.
156:on 4 September 1792; he voted to execute
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148:; he was appointed as the deputy of the
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426:Louis Grégoire Deschamps Destournelles
326:on the same day: 5 April 1794 (16th
673:French Revolution Documents 1792–95
538:French Revolution Documents 1792–95
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472:Imprimerie nationale, 1892, p. 52.
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603:Robespierre: A Revolutionary Life
523:Albany, SUNY Press, 2000, p. 289.
468:Lazare Carnot, Étienne Charavay,
660:Albany, SUNY Press, 2000, p 289.
589:. Viking press. pp. 85–110.
428:and Robespierre had brought the
208:on whether to execute the King.
192:Affiliation with the Montagnards
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406:Notes, citations and sources
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176:. He studied law and was a
136:on 4 June 1756 and died in
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663:Mathurin de Lescure, ed.,
634:New York, Macmillan, 2006.
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470:AoĂ»t 1792–Mars 1793.
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312:François Joseph Westermann
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162:Committee of Public Safety
573:Heron, pp. 206–207.
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129:and statesman, born in
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308:Revolutionary Tribunal
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248:to the Northern army.
123:Pierre Louis Bentabole
22:Pierre Louis Bentabole
583:Stefan Zweig (1930).
481:Patrice L. Higonnet,
344:Thermidorian Reaction
338:Containing the Terror
296:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
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681:Accessed 6 Feb 2015.
373:Merlin de Thionville
354:Merlin de Thionville
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70:(1798-04-22)
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638:(in French)
466:(in French)
350:Robespierre
324:guillotined
213:Montagnards
184:before the
99:Montagnards
50:4 June 1756
689:Categories
390:Thibaudeau
342:See also:
304:naturalism
284:Indulgents
280:Cordeliers
235:See also:
206:plebiscite
103:Cordeliers
83:Occupation
46:1756-06-04
453:Citations
365:Thermidor
282:, or the
202:Girondins
198:Louis XVI
158:Louis XVI
134:Haut Rhin
58:Haut Rhin
328:Germinal
150:Bas-Rhin
625:Sources
369:Tallien
332:year II
330:in the
152:to the
146:Saverne
142:Hagenau
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318:, and
268:Sarthe
182:Colmar
178:lawyer
168:Family
131:Landau
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322:were
292:deist
138:Paris
608:ISBN
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302:'s
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