Violence against women

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the topic. Notably, Mona Lena Krook's work on VAWP introduced 5 forms of violence and harassment: physical, sexual, psychological, economic, and semiotic/symbolic. Physical violence encompasses inflicting, or attempting to inflict, bodily harm and injury. While physical violence is the most easily identified form, it is actually the least common type. Sexual violence involves (attempts at) sexual acts through coercion, including unwanted sexual comments, advances, and harassment. Psychological violence includes causing emotional and mental damage through means of death/rape threats, stalking, etc. Economic violence involves denying, withholding, and controlling female politicians' access to financial resources, particularly regarding campaigns. Semiotic or symbolic violence, the most abstract subtype of VAWP, refers to the erasure of female politicians through degrading images and sexist language. Krook theorizes that semiotic violence against women in politics works in two related ways: rendering women invisible and rendering women incompetent. By symbolically removing women from the public political sphere, semiotic violence renders women invisible. Examples include using masculine grammar when speaking about and to political women, interrupting female politicians, and not portraying political women in the media. By highlighting the role incongruity between stereotypically feminine attributes (e.g., warm, polite, submissive), and traits typically ascribed to good leaders (e.g., strong, powerful, assertive), semiotic violence emphasizes that women are incompetent to be political actors. This form of semiotic violence can manifest through denying and minimizing women's political qualifications, sexual objectification, and labeling political women as emotional, among other actions.

7737: 7896:, a woman's past sexual experience continues to be very important in a case of rape. Bangladesh has received criticism for its employment of the "two-finger test" in rape investigations. This test consists in a physical examination of women who report rape during which a doctor inserts two fingers in the woman's vagina to determine whether the woman is "habituated to sex". This examination has its origin in the country's colonial-era laws dating back to 1872. The test deters many women from reporting incidents of rape. More than 100 experts, including doctors, lawyers, police, and women's rights activists had signed a joint statement in 2013 asking for the test, which they called "demeaning", to be abolished, as it "does not provide any evidence that is relevant to proving the offence". This test is also performed in several other countries in the region, including India. It can also be difficult to make a case of sexual assault in court, when members of the judiciary expect evidence of severe struggle and injury as determinative evidence of non-consent. On the other hand, there are measures, such as the 2012 law in Brazil, that allow for cases to be filed even without the representation of the victim. 7240:

with nine alleged sexual assaults, studies suggest that athletes are at higher risk for committing sexual assault against women than the average student. It is reported that one in three college assaults are committed by athletes. Surveys suggest that male student athletes who represent 3.3% of the college population, commit 19% of reported sexual assaults and 35% of domestic violence. The theories that surround these statistics range from misrepresentation of the student-athlete to an unhealthy mentality towards women within the team itself. Sociologist Timothy Curry, after conducting an observational analysis of two big time sports' locker room conversations, deduced that the high risk of male student athletes for gender abuse is a result of the team's subculture. Curry states, "Their locker room talk generally treated women as objects, encouraged sexist attitudes toward women and, in its extreme, promoted rape culture." He proposes that this objectification is a way for the male to reaffirm his heterosexual status and hyper-masculinity. Claims have been made that the atmosphere changes when an outsider (especially women) intrude in the locker room.

5102:'..."violence against women" is understood as a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination against women and shall mean all acts of gender-based violence that result in, or are likely to result in, physical, sexual, psychological or economic harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life; ... "gender" shall mean the socially constructed roles, behaviours, activities and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for women and men; "gender-based violence against women" shall mean violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately...'. The preamble notes: '...Recognising that women and girls are exposed to a higher risk of gender-based violence than men; Recognising that domestic violence affects women disproportionately, and that men may also be victims of domestic violence...' 6426: 12203:

national action plan to combat such violence and on the lack of legislation on domestic violence. (...) Compared to Sweden, Finland has been slower to reform legislation on violence against women. In Sweden, domestic violence was already illegal in 1864, while in Finland such violence was not outlawed until 1970, over a hundred years later. In Sweden the punishment of victims of incest was abolished in 1937, but not until 1971 in Finland. Rape within marriage was criminalised in Sweden in 1962, but the equivalent Finnish legislation only came into force in 1994 – making Finland one of the last European countries to criminalise marital rape. In addition, assaults taking place on private property did not become impeachable offences in Finland until 1995. Only in 1997 did victims of sexual offences and domestic violence in Finland become entitled to government-funded counselling and support services for the duration of their court cases.

7305:. Some specialists have argued that gendered online attacks should be given particular attention within the wider category of hate speech. Abusers quickly identified opportunities online to humiliate their victims, destroy their careers, reputations and relationships, and even drive them to suicide or "trigger so-called 'honor' violence in societies where sex outside of marriage is seen as bringing shame on a family". According to a poll conducted by Amnesty International in 2018 across 8 countries, 23% of women have experienced online abuse of harassment. These are often sexist or misogynistic in nature and include direct of indirect threats of physical or sexual violence, abuse targeting aspects of their personality and privacy violations. According to Human Rights Watch, 90% of those who experienced sexual violence online in 2019 were women and girls. 7138:, most often with the intent of discouraging the victims and other female politicians from participating in the political process. VAWP has been growing in significance among the fields of gendered political science and feminist political theory studies. The main intent behind creating a separate category that is distinct from Violence Against Women, is to highlight the barriers faced by women who work in politics, or wish to pursue a career in the political realm. VAWP is unique from Violence Against Women in three important ways: victims are targeted because of their gender; the violence itself can be gendered (i.e., sexism, sexual violence); the primary goal is to deter women from participating in politics (including but not limited to voting, running for office, campaigning, etc.). It is also important to distinguish VAWP from 6871: 5543: 7657: 7605:

know its laws, and sometimes they are in a legal position where they may be deported if they make contact with the authorities. Women who seek protection from armed conflict in their countries of origin often face more violence while travelling to the destination country or when they arrive there. Women refugees face violence from both the journey facilitator and the detention center guards. Journey facilitator rapes in exchange for money for their passage where as male guards sexually violates in exchange for faster refugee case process. These women have already been through a lot in their country because of wars and political instability and now while in search of freedom they face all kind of gender based Violences.

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against women. Experts in the international community generally believe that solely enacting punitive legislation for prevention and punishment of violence against women is not sufficient to address the problem. For example, although much stricter laws on violence against women have been passed in Bangladesh, violence against women is still rising. And violence against women has risen dramatically around the world since the late 2010s despite similar measures being taken in many regions as well as increased awareness and discussion of the subject. Instead, it is thought that wide societal changes to address gender inequalities and women's empowerment will be the way to reduce violence against women.

5814:, or following/monitoring of the victim. Stalking is often understood as "a course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person to feel fear.". Although stalkers are frequently portrayed as being strangers, they are most often known people, such as former or current partners, friends, colleagues or acquaintances. In the U.S., a survey by NVAW found that only 23% of female victims were stalked by strangers. Stalking by partners can be very dangerous, as sometimes it can escalate into severe violence, including murder. Police statistics from the 1990s in Australia indicated that 87.7% of stalking offenders were male and 82.4% of stalking victims were female. 7365:

life and at any time of their life span. Violence against women often keeps women from wholly contributing to social, economic, and political development of their communities. Many women are terrified by these threats of violence and this essentially influences their lives so that they are impeded to exercise their human rights; for instance, they fear contributing to the development of their communities socially, economically, and politically. Apart from that, the causes that trigger VAW or gender-based violence can go beyond just the issue of gender and into the issues of age, class, culture, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and specific geographical area of their origins.

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on numerous policy areas that have typically remained a male-dominated realm. In order to increase women's participation in an effective manner, the importance of recognizing the issues related to VAWP and making every effort to provide the necessary resources to victims and condemn any and all hostile behaviour in political institutions cannot be understated. Experiencing VAWP can dissuade women from remaining in politics (and lead to an early exit from their career or from aspiring higher political office. Witnessing women in politics experience VAWP can serve as one of many deterrents for aspirants to run for office and for candidates to continue campaigning.

5741:"Trafficking in persons" shall mean the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labour or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs. 6301:) and states, "The wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does. And likewise, the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does. Do not deprive one another." Some conservative religious figures interpret this as rejecting to possibility of marital rape. Islam makes reference to sexual relations in marriage too, notably: "Allah's Apostle said, 'If a husband calls his wife to his bed (i.e. to have sexual relation) and she refuses and causes him to sleep in anger, the angels will curse her till morning';" and several comments on the issue of marital rape made by Muslim religious leaders have been criticized. 5929:

masculinity and accomplishment. Child brides endure forced sex, causing health risks and growth impediments. Primary education is usually not completed for young girls in forced marriages. Married and pregnant students are often discriminated against, expelled, and excluded from school. The Law of Marriage Act currently does not address issues with guardianship and child marriage. The issue of child marriage is not addressed enough in this law, and only establishes a minimum age of 18 for the boys of Tanzania. A minimum age needs to be enforced for girls to stop these practices and provide them with equal rights and a less harmful life.

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violent crime. Following a rape, a victim may face violence or threats of violence from the rapist and, in many cultures, from the victim's own family and relatives. Violence or intimidation of the victim may be perpetrated by the rapist or by friends and relatives of the rapist, as a way of preventing the victims from reporting the rape, punishing them for reporting it, or forcing them to withdraw the complaint; or it may be perpetrated by the relatives of the victim as a punishment for "bringing shame" to the family. Internationally, the incidence of rapes recorded by police during 2008 varied between 0.1 per 100,000 people in

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Native women is sexually assaulted, and 67% of these assaults are perpetrated by non-Natives, with Native Americans constituting 0.7% of U.S. population in 2015. The disproportionate rate of assault is due to a variety of causes, including the historical legal inability of tribes to prosecute on their own on the reservation. The federal Violence Against Women Act was reauthorized in 2013, which for the first time gave tribes jurisdiction to investigate and prosecute felony domestic violence offenses involving Native American and non-Native offenders on the reservation, as 26% of Natives live on reservations. In 2019 the

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awareness classes in the fall for its incoming student athletes. Other groups, such as the National Coalition Against Violent Athletes, have formed to provide support for the victims as their mission statement reads, "The NCAVA works to eliminate off the field violence by athletes through the implementation of prevention methods that recognize and promote the positive leadership potential of athletes within their communities. In order to eliminate violence, the NCAVA is dedicated to empowering individuals affected by athlete violence through comprehensive services including advocacy, education and counseling."

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an approach to tackle the issues on the ground by encouraging people to "reexamine their attitudes and beliefs" in order to trigger and create fundamental changes in these "deep-rooted beliefs and behaviors". Despite the fact that these strategies can be life changing, helpful to those who participate and feasible over a long time frame, the effects on societal level seem to be restricted and of minimal effects. In order to achieve the objectives of the movement, many activists and scholars argue that they have to initiate changes in cultural attitudes and norms on a communal level.

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members of vulnerable groups, such as women and female sex workers. These practices are especially widespread in settings with a weak rule of law and low levels of police and military management and professionalism. Police abuse in this context has been linked to a wide range of risky behaviors and health outcomes, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance abuse. Extortion of sexual services and police sexual abuse have been linked to a decrease in condom use and an elevated risk of STI and HIV infections among vulnerable groups.

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players' comments, which leads to further objectification. Some sociologists challenge this assertion. Steve Chandler says that because of their celebrity status on campus, "athletes are more likely to be scrutinized or falsely accused than non-athletes." Stephanie Mak says that "if one considers the 1998 estimates that about three million women were battered and almost one million raped, the proportion of incidences that involve athletes in comparison to the regular population is relatively small."

6788:. In parts of Nepal, for instance, they are forced to live in sheds, are forbidden to touch men or even to enter the courtyard of their own homes, and are barred from consuming milk, yogurt, butter, meat, and various other foods for fear they will contaminate those goods. Women have died during this period because of starvation, bad weather, or bites by snakes. In cultures where women are restricted from being in public places, by law or custom, women who break such restrictions often face violence. 8001:(OAS) in 1994, immediately after the Vienna Conference The Inter-American Convention to Prevent, Eradicate and Punish Violence Against Women – also known as the Belém do Parà Convention, for instance, has been applied by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) in its first case of domestic violence to condemn Brazil in the Maria da Penha case. This led the Brazilian government to enact in 2006 the Maria da Penha Law, the country's first law against domestic violence against women. 6992: 5433: 7789:

significant effect, like the autonomous movements on the national level, in shaping sets of policies as well pushing for the recognition and inclusion of language of VAW in the United Nations human rights mechanisms: the international human rights agreements. Their activities are ranging from lobbying the policy makers; organizing demonstrations on the local and regional levels; to creating institutional pressure that could push for changes in the international institutional measures.

6608: 7773: 25148: 6340: 95: 5818: 7793:"mobilizing numbers of domestic civil society" to create "standards in global civil society". The global women's movement works to transform numbers of international conventions and conferences to "a conference on women's rights" by pushing for a "stronger language and clearer recognition" of the VAW issues. In addition, the United Nations also plays a vital role in promoting and campaigning for the VAW movements on the international level. 7665: 4742: 721: 5948: 7479:

prejudice leads to reduced investigation and criminal justice outcomes that are faulty compared to other crimes. Tuerkheimer says that women face "credibility discounts" at all stages of the justice system, including from police, jurors, judges, and prosecutors. These credibility discounts are especially pronounced when the victim is acquainted with the accuser, and the vast majority of rapes fall into this category. The

6325: 25158: 5084:'"Violence against women" means all acts perpetrated against women which cause or could cause them physical, sexual, psychological, and economic harm, including the threat to take such acts; or to undertake the imposition of arbitrary restrictions on or deprivation of fundamental freedoms in private or public life in peace time and during situations of armed conflicts or of war...' 7843:

In 2003, 18 out of the 20 countries in the region had legislation on domestic or family violence, and 11 countries addressed sexual violence in their laws. Legislative measures to protect victims can include restraining orders, which can be found in Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay, Venezuela, Turkey, the United States and many western European countries for instance.

45: 6750:" in which one or more additional sutures than necessary are used to repair a woman's perineum after it has been torn or cut during childbirth with the intent of tightening the opening of the vagina and thereby enhancing the pleasure of her male sex partner during penetrative intercourse. Several Latin American countries have laws to protect against obstetric violence. 6442: 7908:

practices. Specifically, cultural justifications for certain violent acts against women are asserted by some states and social groups within many countries claiming to defend their traditions. These justifications are questionable precisely because the defenses are generally voiced by political leaders or traditional authorities, not by those actually affected.

7372:. The research seems to provide convincing evidence that violence against women is a severe and pervasive problem the world over, with devastating effects on the health and well-being of women and children. Importantly, other than the issue of social divisions, gendered violence can also extend into the realm of health issues and become a direct concern of the 6713:

with the Middle East and South Asia, they occur in other parts of the world too. In India, honor killings occur in the northern regions of the country, especially in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. In Turkey, honor killings are a serious problem in Southeastern Anatolia.

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receive threats and experience violence. As one professor of sociology, Marie E. Berry, wrote: "as women are trained and encouraged to vie for these seats, they risk taking power (and resources) that male politicians see as rightfully theirs, opening them up to the risk of violence and other efforts to limit the effectiveness of their campaigns."

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under their authority within certain limits prescribed by law or by custom". In the West, married women faced discrimination until just a few decades ago: for instance, in France, married women received the right to work without their husband's permission in 1965. In Spain, during the Franco era, a married woman required her husband's consent (

8040:, also known as the Istanbul Convention, is the first legally binding instrument in Europe in the field of domestic violence and violence against women, and came into force in 2014. Countries which ratify it must ensure that the forms of violence defined in its text are outlawed. In its Preamble, the Convention states that "the realisation of 6134:. In Western Europe, a country that has received major international criticism for the way it has dealt legally with the issue of violence against women is Finland; with authors pointing out that a high level of equality for women in the public sphere (as in Finland) should never be equated with equality in all other aspects of women's lives. 6032:) for nearly all economic activities, including employment, ownership of property and traveling away from home; the permiso marital was abolished in 1975. Concerns exist about violence related to marriage – both inside marriage (physical abuse, sexual violence, restriction of liberty) and in relation to marriage customs ( 6098:" (IPV). Instances of IPV tend not to be reported to police and thus many experts find it hard to estimate the true magnitude of the problem. Though this form of violence is often considered as an issue within the context of heterosexual relationships, it also occurs in lesbian relationships, daughter-mother relationships, 4933:, and some articles on VAW reiterate these conceptions by stating that men are the main perpetrators of this violence. Moreover, the definition stated by the 1993 Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women also supported the notion that violence is rooted in the inequality between men and women when the term 6893:(Article 39). According to the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women, all "women are guaranteed the right to decide freely and responsibly on the number of and spacing of their children, and to have access to information, education, and means to enable them to exercise these rights." 4956:, physical and mental aggression, emotional and psychological abuse, rape and sexual abuse, incest, rape between spouses, regular or occasional partners and cohabitants, crimes committed in the name of honour, female genital and sexual mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women such as forced marriages; 7384:(WHO) reports that violence against women puts an undue burden on health care services, as women who have suffered violence are more likely to need health services and at higher cost, compared to women who have not suffered violence. The Council of Europe describes violence against women in private sphere, at home or 6758:. According to the WHO, "discrimination in health care settings takes many forms and is often manifested when an individual or group is denied access to health care services that are otherwise available to others. It can also occur through denial of services that are only needed by certain groups, such as women." 7236:"have highlighted the connections between sports spectatorship and intimate partner violence, and the need for police, authorities and services to be aware of this when planning sporting events". Sport-related violence occurs in various contexts and places, including homes, pubs, clubs, hotel rooms, the streets. 17035: 7704:

of feminism, dated back in the years the late 19th Century and early 20th Century in the United States and Europe. During this period, feminist movements developed from the context of industrialization and liberal politics that triggered the rise of feminist groups concerned with gaining equal access

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that indicates 1 in every 5 women (and 1 in 71 men) will be raped during their lifetime at some point. Despite the prevalence of rape and the fact that false rape allegations are rare, Tuerkheimer reported that law enforcement officers often default to disbelief about an alleged rape. This documented

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Gabrielle Bardell's 2011 report: "Breaking the mold: Understanding Gender and Electoral Violence" was one of the first documents published that showed examples and figures for how women are intimidated and attacked in politics. Since Bardall's report, other scholars have conducted further research on

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from reporting the crime, because the victims may themselves be punished (if they cannot prove their case, if they are deemed to have been in the company of an unrelated male, or if they were unmarried and not virgins at the time of the rape). Another aspect is the denial of medical care often occurs

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Although FGM is today associated with developing countries, this practice was common until the 1970s in parts of the Western world, too. FGM was considered a standard medical procedure in the United States for most of the 19th and 20th centuries. Physicians performed surgeries of varying invasiveness

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The legal rights of access that married partners have to each other's persons, property, and lives makes it all but impossible for a spouse to defend herself (or himself), or to be protected against torture, rape, battery, stalking, mayhem, or murder by the other spouse... Legal marriage thus enlists

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Forced and child marriages are practiced by some ofhabitants of Tanzania. Girls are sold by their families to older men for financial benefits, and often girls are married off as soon as they hit puberty, which can be as young as seven years old. To the older men, these young brides act as symbols of

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has highlighted the abuse of local women by ISIL militants after they captured an area. "They usually take the older women to a makeshift slave market and try to sell them. The younger girls... are raped or married off to fighters," she said, adding, "It's based on temporary marriages, and once these

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Women who are sex workers end up in the profession for several reasons. Some were victims of sexual and domestic abuse. Many women have said they were raped as working girls. They may be apprehensive about coming forward and reporting their attacks. When reported, many women have said that the stigma

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Activism refers to "a doctrine or practice that emphasizes direct vigorous action especially in support of or opposition to one side of a controversial issue". In the activism for violence against women, the objectives are to address and draw public attention on the issues of VAW as well as seek and

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are often not deemed to be gendered when they are reported, if they are reported at all. VAWP is often dismissed as "the cost of doing politics" and reporting can be seen as "political suicide", which contributes to the normalization of VAWP. This ambiguity results in a lack of information regarding

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have started to be challenged in most Western countries during the 1960s and 1970s, which has led to the subsequent criminalization of marital rape during the following decades. With a few notable exceptions, it was during the past 30 years that most laws against marital rape have been enacted. Some

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about 100 women are killed by partners or former partners each year while 21 men were killed in 2010. In 2008, in France, 156 women were killed by their intimate partner, compared to 27 men. According to the WHO, globally, as many as 38% of murders of women are committed by an intimate partner. A UN

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husbands have a legal right to "punish" their wives. The criminal code states at Paragraph 41 that there is no crime if an act is committed while exercising a legal right; examples of legal rights include: "The punishment of a wife by her husband, the disciplining by parents and teachers of children

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in military captivity, forced public nudity, and humiliation. Some women and girls were raped to death while others were found traumatised with raw wounds after they had arrived in refugee camps in Bangladesh. Human Rights Watch reported of a 15-year-old girl who was ruthlessly dragged on the ground

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Dating and courtship violence (e.g. acid throwing and date rape); economically coerced sex (e.g. school girls having sex with "sugar daddies" in return for school fees); incest; sexual abuse in the workplace; rape; sexual harassment; forced prostitution and pornography; trafficking in women; partner

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describes VAW as "a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination against women" and defines VAW as "all acts of gender-based violence that result in or are likely to result in physical, sexual, psychological, or economic harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion,

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Before 1981, Art. 587 read: He who causes the death of a spouse, daughter, or sister upon discovering her in illegitimate carnal relations and in the heat of passion caused by the offence to his honour or that of his family will be sentenced to three to seven years. The same sentence shall apply to

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In Africa, there emerged a series of regional meetings and agreements, which was triggered by the UN processes on the international level such as Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi, 1985; the 1993 Kampala Prep Com; the 1994 Africa-wide UN women's conference that led to the identification of

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Efforts to fight violence against women can take many forms and access to justice, or lack thereof, for such violence varies greatly depending on the justice system. International and regional instruments are increasingly used as the basis for national legislation and policies to eradicate violence

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As violence is often committed by a family member, women first started by lobbying their governments to set up shelters for domestic violence survivors. The Julia Burgos Protected House established in Puerto Rico in 1979 was the first shelter in Latin America and the Caribbean for "battered women".

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On the local or national level, the VAW movements are diverse and differ in their strategic program of intervention. The strategies used in a number of the movements focus on the individual level with the emphases on individuals, relationships and family. Also, many of them take the 'preventive' as

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Many kinds of violence against women (specifically rape, sexual assault, and domestic violence) are under-reported, often due to societal norms, taboos, stigma, and the sensitive nature of the subject. It is widely recognized that even today, a lack of reliable and continuous data is an obstacle to

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A study in 2002 estimated that at least one in five women in the world had been physically or sexually abused by a man sometime in their lives, and "gender-based violence accounts for as much death and ill-health in women aged 15–44 years as cancer, and is a greater cause of ill-health than malaria

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journal, regardless of many years of advocacy and involvement of many feminist activist organizations, the issue of violence against women still "remains one of the most pervasive forms of human rights violations worldwide". The violence against women can occur in both public and private spheres of

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A 1995 study of female war veterans found that 90 percent had been sexually harassed. A 2003 survey found that 30 percent of female vets said they were raped in the military and a 2004 study of veterans who were seeking help for post-traumatic stress disorder found that 71 percent of the women said

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In response to the proposed link between college athletes and gender-based violence, and media coverage holding universities as responsible for these scandals more universities are requiring athletes to attend workshops that promote awareness. For example, St. John's University holds sexual assault

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is a crucial goal for many countries, as female politicians have proven invaluable with respect to bringing certain issues to the forefront, such as elimination of gender-based violence, parental leave and childcare, pensions, gender-equality laws, electoral reform, and providing fresh perspectives

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In addition, in some parts of Latin America, with very strict anti-abortion laws, pregnant women avoid the medical system due to fear of being investigated by the authorities if they have a miscarriage, or a stillbirth, or other problems with the pregnancy. Prosecuting such women is quite common in

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continues to exist in some Central Asian countries, such as Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and the Caucasus, or in parts of Africa, especially Ethiopia. A girl or woman is abducted by the would-be groom, who is often helped by his friends. The victim is often raped by the would be groom, after

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A previously reported statistic that, "Among victims of rape or sexual assault, 86 percent described the offender as non‐Indian" is accurate according to Perry's analysis (2004) in American Indians and Crime: A BJS Statistical Profile, 1992-2002. However, Perry's analysis includes reports by both

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Finland is repeatedly reminded of its widespread problem of violence against women and recommended to take more efficient measures to deal with the situation. International criticism concentrates on the lack of measures to combat violence against women in general and in particular on the lack of a

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also developed "a series of initiatives" related to the issue of VAW: "the 2000 resolution on trafficking, the 2003 resolution on domestic violence, and the 2004 resolution on honor crimes" as well as promoted "the 2002 recommendation on the protection of women against violence and established its

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Measures to address violence against women range from access to legal-aid to the provision of shelters and hotlines for victims. Despite advances in legislation and policies, the lack of implementation of the measures put in place prevents significant progress in eradicating violence against women

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Nonetheless, the VAW movement was initiated in the 1970s where some feminist movements started to bring the discussion on the issue of violence into the feminist discourse and that many other groups, on the national as well as international levels, had attempted to push for the betterment of women

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Violence against women is a topic of concern in the United States' collegiate athletic community. From the 2010 UVA lacrosse murder, in which a male athlete was charged guilty with second degree murder of his girlfriend, to the 2004 University of Colorado Football Scandal when players were charged

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Honor killings are common in countries such as Afghanistan, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, and Yemen. Honor killings also occur in immigrant communities in Europe, the United States, and Canada. Although honor killings are most often associated

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FGM is linked to cultural rites and customs, including traditional practices, and religion. It continues to take place in different communities in Africa and the Middle East, including in places where it is banned by national legislation. According to a 2016 UNICEF report, at least 200 million of

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According to a 2016 UNICEF report, the top rates for FGM are in Somalia (with 98 percent of women affected), Guinea (97 percent), Djibouti (93 percent), Egypt (87 percent), Eritrea (83 percent), Mali (89 percent), Sierra Leone (90 percent), Sudan (87 percent), Gambia (75 percent), Burkina Faso (76

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is the act of throwing acid at someone with the intention of injuring or disfiguring them. Women and girls are the victims in 75–80% of cases and are often connected to domestic disputes, including dowry disputes, refusal of a proposal of marriage, or sexual advances. The acid is usually thrown at

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Women are most often the victims of rape, usually perpetrated by men known to them. The rate of reporting, prosecution, and convictions for rape vary considerably in different jurisdictions and reflect, to some extent, society's attitudes toward such crimes. It is considered the most underreported

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Bergenfeld, Irina; Clark, Cari Jo; Sandhu, Seema; Yount, Kathryn M.; Essaid, Aida A.; Sajdi, Jude; Abu Taleb, Rand; Robbin, Zoe; Batayeh, Brian; Zwooqar, Ahad; Spencer, Rachael A. (2022). ""There Is Always an Excuse to Blame the Girl": Perspectives on Sexual Harassment at a Jordanian University".

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Girls as young as 5 and as old as 19 had to drink up to five gallons of fat-rich camel's or cow's milk daily, aiming for silvery stretch marks on their upper arms. If a girl refused or vomited, the village weight-gain specialist might squeeze her foot between sticks, pull her ear, pinch her inner

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Invoking culture to explain particular forms of violence against women risks appearing to legitimize them. There is also debate and controversy about the ways in which cultural traditions, local customs and social expectations, as well as various interpretations of religion, interact with abusive

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some laws on domestic violence, for instance, conflict with other provisions and ultimately contradict their goals. Legal frameworks can also be flawed when laws that integrate protection do so in isolation, notably in relation to immigration laws. Undocumented women in countries where they would

7604:

Immigrant and refugee women often face violence, both in the private sphere (by partners and other family members) and in the public sphere (by the police and other authorities). These women are often in a vulnerable position: they do not speak the language of the country they are in, they do not

7321:

that looked at comments received on articles, women writers were 4 times more likely to be abused compared to their male counterparts. This is a trend that is persistent across geography - in the Netherlands, 82% of the 300 female journalists surveyed in 2022 said they encountered abuse online.

7170:

are more often targeted by violence than their male counterparts, the specific cause is often not reported as a gendered crime. This makes it more difficult to pinpoint where the links between gender-specific violence and political violence really are. In many countries, the practice of electoral

6574:

As of 2016, in Africa, FGM has been legally banned in Benin, Burkina Faso, the Central African Republic, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Kenya, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia. The

6199:

his wife. The risk of violence remains strong in a marriage in which it has been a feature in the past. Thus, treatment is essential here; the clinician cannot just wait and watch." The most urgent clinical priority is the protection of the wife because she is the one most frequently at risk, and

6190:

their wives in an effort to get them to return or punish them for leaving. Initial assessments of the potential for violence in a marriage can be supplemented by standardized interviews and questionnaires, which have been reliable and valid aids in exploring marital violence more systematically."

5584:

War rapes are rapes committed by soldiers, other combatants, or civilians during armed conflict or war or during military occupation, distinguished from sexual assaults and rapes committed amongst troops in military service. It also covers the situation where women are forced into prostitution or

18724:

Langenderfer-Magruder, Lisa; Whitfield, Darren L.; Walls, N. Eugene; Kattari, Shanna K.; Ramos, Daniel (March 2016). "Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence and Subsequent Police Reporting Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer Adults in Colorado: Comparing Rates of Cisgender and

7788:

On the transnational or regional level, the anti-violence movements also deploy different strategies based on the specificities of their cultures and beliefs in their particular regions. On this level, the activist movements are known as "transnational feminist networks" or TFNs. The TFNs have a

7186:

against women is against supporters, this is most likely the largest percentage as it has the largest amount of the public participating. 9% of electoral violence against women is targeting candidates, while 22% targets female voters. This means that women who are directly acting in politics are

6708:

was launched in December 2016 to abolish the article that permitted a rapist to escape prison by marrying his victim. In Italy, before 1981, the Criminal Code provided for mitigating circumstances in case of a killing of a woman or her sexual partner for reasons related to honor, providing for a

4980:

These definitions of VAW as being gender-based are seen by some to be unsatisfactory. These definitions understand society as patriarchal, signifying unequal relations between men and women. Opponents of such definitions argue that the definitions disregard violence against men and that the term

7846:

Courts can also be allowed by law (Germany, 2001) to order the perpetrator to leave the home so that victims do not have to seek shelter. Countries were urged to repeal discriminatory legislation by 2005 following the review of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in 2000. Egypt, for

7792:

On an international level, the movements that advocate for women's rights and against VAW are the mixture of (civil society) actors from domestic and regional levels. The objectives of these VAW movements focus on "creating shared expectations" within the domestic and regional levels as well as

7581:

went beyond simple land extension and into the belief that European settlers had the right to exploit Native women's bodies as a method of taming and "humanizing" them. In the US, Native American women are more than twice as likely to experience violence than any other demographic. One in three

6691:

are a common form of violence against women in certain parts of the world. Honor killings are perpetrated by family members (usually husbands, fathers, uncles, or brothers) against women in the family who are believed to have caused dishonor to the family. The death of the dishonorable woman is

6676:, or "key leaders," teach the girls how to cook, clean, and have sexual intercourse in order to be wives. After the training, a man known as a hyena performs the cleansing for 12- to 17-year-old females for three days and the girl is sometimes required to perform a bare-breasted dance, known as 6181:

should include the assessment of actual or "potential" male violence as regularly as they assess the potential for suicide in depressed patients. Further, "clinicians should not relax their vigilance after a battered wife leaves her husband, because some data suggest that the period immediately

5618:

was used as a highly systematized instrument of war by Serb armed forces, predominantly targeting women and girls of the Bosniak ethnic group for physical and moral destruction. Estimates of the number of women raped during the war range from 50,000 to 60,000; as of 2010 only 12 cases have been

7929:

and assault victims, the survivors, including women, feel much less able to report the violence. Human rights violations perpetrated by police and military personnel in many countries are correlated with decreased access to public health services and increased practices of risky behavior among

7833:

passed its first resolution calling for the protection of defenders of women's human rights. The resolution urges states to put in place gender-specific laws and policies for the protection of women's human rights defenders and to ensure that defenders themselves are involved in the design and

7270:

reported that about one in four women in the military had experienced sexual assault. Until the end of 2023, these reports went through the service member's chain-of-command, and many women reported that their reports were dismissed without due process and/or resulted in professional reprisal,

7178:

The history of male dominated politics has allowed some male politicians to believe they have a right to participate in politics while women should not, since women's participation is a threat to the social order. Women in positions of power are thus more likely than their male counterparts to

7519:

Indigenous women are often targets of physical violence, including sexual assault. Many indigenous communities are rural, with few resources and little help from the government or non-state actors. They often have strained relationships with law enforcement, making prosecution difficult. Many

7247:

being harassed by a Patriots player in the locker room in 1990, she said, "We are taught to think we must have done something wrong and it took me a while to realize I hadn't done anything wrong." Other female sports reporters (college and professional) have said that they often brush off the

7924:

Women who report acts of violence most often come into contact first with police workers. Therefore, police attitudes are crucial in facilitating a sense of safety and comfort for women who have been victimized. When police officers misuse their power as agents of the state to physically and

6232:

Marital or spousal rape was once widely condoned or ignored by law and is now widely considered unacceptable violence against women, repudiated by international conventions, and increasingly criminalized. Still, in many countries, spousal rape either remains legal or is illegal but is widely

7223:

Sport-related violence against women is any physical, sexual, mental acts that are "perpetrated by both male athletes and by male fans or consumers of sport and sporting events, as well as by coaches of female athletes". The documenting reports and literature suggest that there are obvious

8052:

as "all acts of physical, sexual, psychological or economic violence that occur within the family or domestic unit or between former or current spouses or partners, whether or not the perpetrator shares or has shared the same residence with the victim". Although it is a Convention of the

7020:, all women are required to wear loose-fitting clothing and a headscarf in public. In 1983, the Islamic Consultative Assembly decided that women who do not cover their hair in public will be punished with 74 lashes. Since 1995, unveiled women can also be imprisoned for up to 60 days. The 6254:

countries in Scandinavia and in the former Communist Bloc of Europe made spousal rape illegal before 1970, but most Western countries criminalized it only in the 1980s and 1990s. In many parts of the world the laws against marital rape are very new, having been enacted in the 2000s.

5693:

stated that gang rapes and sexual violence were committed as part of the military's ethnic cleansing campaign, while the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, Pramila Patten, said that Rohingya women and girls were made the

6896:

Studies show forced sterilizations often target socially and politically disadvantaged groups such as racial and ethnic minorities, the poor, and indigenous populations. In the United States, much of the history of forced sterilization is connected to the legacy of eugenics and

5593:", girls and women who were forced into sexual slavery for soldiers, exploiting women for the purpose of creating access and entitlement for men. People rarely try to explain why rape happens in wars. One explanation that was floated around was that men in war have "urges". 4880:

A number of international instruments that aim to eliminate violence against women and domestic violence have been enacted by various international bodies. These generally start with a definition of what such violence is, and a proposal to combat it. The Istanbul Convention

18581: 18613: 7724:

world order and the technological advances that have come with it. Also, this wave is a transition of the fall communism to more complex issues of new kinds of 'warfare', threats and violence. This new wave also "embraces ambiguity" and introduced a feminist approach of

7214:

Sexual violence on college campuses is considered a major problem in the United States. According to the conclusion of a major Campus Sexual Assault (CSA) Study: "The CSA Study data suggest women at universities are at considerable risk for experiencing sexual assault."

6010:

The relation between violence against women and marriage laws, regulations and traditions has also been discussed. Roman law gave men the right to chastise their wives, even to the point of death. The US and English law subscribed until the 20th century to the system of

6161:

on their own initiative or are referred by an astute health care professional. Secondly, there is serious violence in the marriage that is "usually the husband battering the wife". In these cases the emergency room or a legal authority often is the first to notify the

6015:, that is, a legal doctrine under which, upon marriage, a woman's legal rights were subsumed by those of her husband. Common-law in the United States and in the UK allowed for domestic violence and in the UK, before 1891, the husband had the right to inflict moderate 5974:

due to disputes regarding dowry. Dowry violence is common in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal. In India, in 2011 alone, the National Crime Records Bureau reported 8,618 dowry deaths, while unofficial figures suggest the numbers to be at least three times higher.

19421:"Directive 2002/73/EC - equal treatment of 23 September 2002 amending Council Directive 76/207/EEC on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions" 7287:

is a form of intimidation using electronic forms of contact. In the 21st century, cyberbullying has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers in Western countries. Almost 75% of women have encountered harassment and threats of violence online, known as

6270:(1736), stated that a husband cannot be guilty of the rape of his wife because the wife "hath given up herself in this kind to her husband, which she cannot retract"; in England and Wales, this would remain law for more than 250 years, until it was abolished by the 5573:

have accompanied warfare in virtually every known historical era. Rape in the course of war is mentioned multiple times in the Bible: "For I will gather all the nations against Jerusalem to battle, and the city shall be taken and the houses plundered and the women

6381:, as well as several incidents in rural areas in 2002 and 2006. A traditional idea upheld in some places in Africa is that an unmarried widow is unholy and “disturbed” if she is unmarried and abstains from sex for some period of time. This fuels the practice of 6547:

women and girls in Africa and the Middle East have experienced FGM. Due to globalization and immigration, FGM is spreading beyond the borders of Africa and the Middle East to countries such as Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, New Zealand, the U.S., and UK.

14988: 5753:

and as domestic servants are more likely to be women and children." A 2006 study in Europe on trafficked women found that the women were subjected to serious forms of abuse, such as physical or sexual violence, that affected their physical and mental health.

6692:

believed to restore honor. These killings are a traditional practice believed to have originated from tribal customs where an allegation against a woman can be enough to defile a family's reputation. Women are killed for reasons such as refusing to enter an

7847:

instance, abolished a law that exempted men from rape charges when marrying their victims. However, the goal of antiviolence legislation is often to keep the families together, regardless of the best interests of women, which perpetuate domestic violence.

4848:

states, "violence against women is a manifestation of historically unequal power relations between men and women" and "violence against women is one of the crucial social mechanisms by which women are forced into a subordinate position compared with men."

4975:

d. violation of the human rights of women in situations of armed conflict, in particular the taking of hostages, forced displacement, systematic rape, sexual slavery, forced pregnancy, and trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation and economic

18344:

Native men and women victims of rape or sexual assault. Given this brief's focus on violence against Native women, we include the updated rate of 67 percent reported by Native women victims of rape or sexual assault indicated in Bachman, et al., (2008).

8037: 7834:

implementation of these measures, and calls on states to protect women's human rights defenders from reprisals for cooperating with the UN and to ensure their unhindered access to and communication with international human rights bodies and mechanisms.

6538:

The WHO states: "The procedure has no health benefits for girls and women" and "Procedures can cause severe bleeding and problems urinating, and later cysts, infections, infertility, and complications in childbirth increase the risk of newborn deaths".

4882: 18768:

Risser, Jan M. H.; Shelton, Andrea; McCurdy, Sheryl; Atkinson, John; Padgett, Paige; Useche, Bernardo; Thomas, Brenda; Williams, Mark (11 October 2005). "Sex, Drugs, Violence, and HIV Status Among Male-to-Female Transgender Persons in Houston, Texas".

6975:

admitted that the government gave misleading information, offered food incentives, and threatened to fine parents if they had additional children. The procedures have also been found to have been negligent, with less than half using proper anesthetic.

7333:

can lead to an increase in the number of attackers, the creation of sustained and automated attacks and the generation of content such as posts, texts, and emails that are written convincingly from multiple ‘voices’. This makes existing harms such as

6936:

without adequate information and waiting period. In response, both nations have instituted a mandatory seven-day waiting period and written consent. Slovakia has been condemned on the issue of forced sterilization of Roma women several times by the

7891:

the burden of proof can be placed on the victim. For instance in the Philippines, before a change in law in 1997, rape used to be described as a crime against chastity; and virginity played an important role in court. In various countries, such as

5643:

reported that ISIL's extremist agenda extended to women's bodies and that women living under their control were being captured and raped. Fighters are told that they are free to have sex and rape non-Muslim captive women. Haleh Esfandiari from the

6696:, being in a relationship that is disapproved by their relatives, attempting to leave a marriage, having sex outside marriage, becoming the victim of rape, and dressing in ways that are deemed inappropriate, among others. In cultures where female 20180:

Strathdee, Steffanie A; Lozada, Remedios; Pollini, Robin A; Brouwer, Kimberly C; Mantsios, Andrea; Abramovitz, Daniela A; Rhodes, Tim; Latkin, Carl A; Loza, Oralia; Alvelais, Jorge; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Patterson, Thomas L (1 March 2008).

6464:. After birth, neglect and diverting resources to male children can lead to some countries having a skewed ratio with more boys than girls, with such practices killing an approximate 230,000 girls under five in India each year. In China, the 6373:, where they are forced to marry a male relative of their late husband. Another practice is the banned remarriage of widows, which is legal in India and Korea. A more extreme version is the ritual killing of widows, as seen in India and Fiji. 6745:

refers to acts categorized as physically or psychologically violent in the context of labor and birth. A pregnant woman can sometimes be coerced into accepting surgical interventions that are done without her consent. This could include the

7391:

In addition, several studies have shown a link between poor treatment of women and international violence. These studies show that one of the best predictors of inter- and intranational violence is the maltreatment of women in the society.

15271: 7630:. Trans women commonly experience intimate partner violence, with one study finding that 31.1% of trans people experience it, and another finding that half of all trans women experience it. Trans women also often face abuse by police, and 6261:

and making the laws gender neutral. In Ireland, spousal rape was outlawed in 1990. In the US, the criminalization of marital rape started in the mid-1970s, and in 1993, North Carolina became the last state to make marital rape illegal. In

5734: 7483:

estimated from 2005 to 2007 that about 2% of victims who were raped while incapacitated (from drugs, alcohol, or other reasons) reported the rape to the police, compared to 13% of victims who experienced physically forced sexual assault.

6543:

percent), Ethiopia (74 percent), Mauritania (69 percent), Liberia (50 percent), and Guinea-Bissau (45 percent). More than half of the cases documented by Unicef are concentrated in just three countries (Indonesia, Egypt and Ethiopia).

6109:

by an intimate partner. In the United States, in 2005, 1181 women were killed by their intimate partners, compared to 329 men. It is estimated that 30% or more of the women who are admitted to the ER could be victims of domestic violence

4836:

VAW has a very long history, though the incidents and intensity of such violence have varied over time and between societies. Such violence is often seen as a mechanism for the subjugation of women, whether in society in general or in an

24174: 14547: 1680: 7473:

in 2017, D. Tuerkheimer reviewed the literature on rape allegations, and reported on the problems surrounding the credibility of rape victims, and how that relates to false rape accusations. She pointed to national survey data from the

20443:

Fawole, Olufunmilayo I.; Ajuwon, Ademola J.; Osungbade, Kayode O.; Faweya, Olufemi C. (April 2003). "Interventions for violence prevention among young female hawkers in motor parks in South-Western Nigeria: a review of effectiveness".

13526: 7036:, after the Grand Mosque seizure of 1979, it became mandatory for women to veil in public but this was no longer required since 2018. In Afghanistan, since May 2022, women are required to wear a hijab and face covering in public. 7903:

have, in theory, access to justice, do not in practice for fear of being denounced and deported. The CEDAW Committee recommends that a State authority's obligation to report undocumented persons be repealed in national legislation.

18597: 12108: 12015: 4995:

in this particular way introduces notions of inferiority and subordination for femininity and superiority for masculinity. There is no widely accepted current definition that covers all the dimensions of gender-based violence.

8465: 5917:, which exist in many parts of the world, contribute to this practice. A forced marriage is also often the result of a dispute between families, where the dispute is 'resolved' by giving a female from one family to the other. 7407:

According to the UN, "there is no region of the world, no country and no culture in which women's freedom from violence has been secured." Several forms of violence are more prevalent in certain parts of the world, often in

19435:"Directive 2011/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JH" 15033:, abuse and mistreatment of women and girls seeking sexual and reproductive health information, goods and services, are forms of gender based violence that, depending on the circumstances, may amount to torture or cruel, 7800:

is also a global initiative with a target to eliminate all forms of violence against women.In recent years, there has been a trend of approaching VAW at an international level through means such as conventions or, in the

7317:, women journalists in prominent and visible positions tend to attract more virulent abuse. In their survey of 901 journalists, nearly three quarters (73%) said they had experienced online violence. In another survey by 15084:

Prügl, E. (Lecturer) (2 December 2013). Gender and International Affairs 2013. INTERNATIONAL FEMINIST MOVEMENTS. Lecture conducted from The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID), Geneva,

6886: 6576: 5066:'...violence against women shall be understood as any act or conduct, based on gender, which causes death or physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, whether in the public or the private sphere.' 605: 18527: 7296:

in 2015. Misogynistic rhetoric is prevalent online, and the public debate over gender-based attacks has increased significantly, leading to calls for policy interventions and better responses by social networks like

6194:

The authors conclude with what they call "very recent information" on the course of violent marriages, which suggests that "over time a husband's battering may abate somewhat, but perhaps because he has successfully

18318: 13813:

thigh, bend her finger backward or force her to drink her own vomit. In extreme cases, girls die, due to a burst stomach. The practice was known as gavage, a French term for force-feeding geese to obtain foie gras.

7884:

in many places, although there are laws against violence on the books, many women do not know of their existence. This is especially the case with marital rape – its criminalization being very recent in most

19228: 5688:

Muslim women and girls. A January 2018 study estimated that the military and local Rakhine Buddhists perpetrated gang rapes and other forms of sexual violence against 18,000 Rohingya Muslim women and girls. The

6970:

launched a family planning initiative that especially targeted poor and indigenous women. In total, over 215,000 women were sterilized, with over 200,000 believed to have been coerced. In 2002, Health Minister

11978:

Report on Domestic Violence in New York City: Listening With the Third Ear. New York: New York, NY. Commission on the Status of Women, 1996. Women and Social Movements in the United States,1600-2000 Database.

16498: 23164: 11185: 10299: 9625:

Violence Against Women in Prostitution in San Francisco. San Francisco: San Francisco, CA. Commission on the Status of Women, 1998. Women and Social Movements in the United States,1600-2000 Database. Web.

16122: 17732: 7736: 4924:

refers to "any acts or threats of acts intended to hurt or make women suffer physically, sexually, or psychologically, and which affect women because they are women or affect women disproportionately".

13950: 4965:, rape, sexual abuse, sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in institutions or elsewhere; trafficking in women for the purposes of sexual exploitation, and economic exploitation and sex tourism; 15001: 10334: 9949:

Report of the International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia Since 1991

4894: 580: 9231: 7271:

ostracism, or other maltreatment. Beginning in December 2023, however, sexual assault reports are handled outside of the chain-of-command, hopefully reducing biases in the process of investigation.

6917:

women were coerced into sterilization programs, with Native Americans and African Americans especially being targeted. Records have shown that Native American girls as young as eleven years-old had

15285: 11255: 7878:, are not criminalized, or are illegal but widely tolerated, with the laws against them being rarely enforced. There are instances where crimes against women are also categorized as minor offenses. 7520:

indigenous societies find themselves at the center of land disputes between nations and ethnic groups, resulting in these communities sometimes bearing the brunt of national and ethnic conflicts.

5113:

Violence against women can fit into several broad categories. These include violence carried out by individuals as well as by states. Some of the forms of violence perpetrated by individuals are:

7961:

It is standard procedure for police to force entry into the victim's home even after the victim's numerous requests for them to go away. Government agencies often disregard the victim's right to

14544: 9058:"Analytical study of the results of the fourth round of monitoring the implementation of Recommendation Rec(2002)5 on the protection of women against violence in Council of Europe member states" 6728:

worldwide, as defined by the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or its management, excluding accidental or incidental causes.

6385:

where the unmarried widow is required to have sexual intercourse as a form of ritual purification, which is commenced with a ceremony for the neighborhood to witness that she is now purified.

6102:

relationships and other domestic relationships involving two women. Violence against women in lesbian relationships is about as common as violence against women in heterosexual relationships.

12136: 7191:, particularly racial and ethnic minorities, are more likely to be targets. Female politicians who outwardly express and act from feminist perspectives are also more likely to be victimized. 6901:. Many doctors thought that they were doing the country a service by sterilizing women who were poor, disabled, or a minority; the doctors considered those women to be a drain on the system. 18054:

Breaking the silence on violence against indigenous girls, adolescents and young women: A call to action based on an overview of existing evidence from Africa, Asia Pacific and Latin America

7047:, banning all veils. To enforce this decree, the police were ordered to physically remove the veil from any woman who wore it in public. Women who refused were beaten, their headscarves and 7293: 6166:. Most importantly, marital violence "is a major risk factor for serious injury and even death and women in violent marriages are at much greater risk of being seriously injured or killed ( 16089: 5425:

in Japan and are also common in Asian countries such as Taiwan, South Korea, and Hong Kong. The WHO condemned "economically coerced sex (e.g. school girls having sex with "sugar daddies" (

24148: 13399: 2919: 1646: 23149: 23129: 22952: 20642: 7506:

Acts of violence against women are often not unique episodes, but are ongoing over time. More often than not, the violence is perpetrated by someone the woman knows, not by a stranger.

15359: 12028: 10394:"U.N. protocol to prevent, suppress and punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children, supplementing the United Nations convention against transnational organized crime" 9508:

Parti, Katalin; Robinson, Robin A. (16 June 2021). "What Hinders Victims from Reporting Sexual Violence: A Qualitative Study with Police Officers, Prosecutors, and Judges in Hungary".

5048:'...the term "violence against women" means any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women'. 4871:

proportions. At least one out of every three women around the world has been beaten, coerced into sex, or otherwise abused in her lifetime with the abuser usually someone known to her.

23144: 21349: 14347: 7697:

recommend measures to prevent and eliminate this violence. Many scholarly articles suggest that the VAW is considered as a violation of human rights as well as "public health issue".

5030:'The definition of discrimination includes gender-based violence, that is, violence that is directed against a woman because she is a woman or that affects women disproportionately.' 2831: 14403: 6233:

tolerated and accepted as a husband's prerogative. The criminalization of spousal rape is recent, having occurred during the past few decades. Traditional understanding and views of

18411: 636: 8027:(EU)'s initiatives to combat violence against women after the 1990s: the 1997 resolution calling for a zero tolerance: specifically on UN human rights instruments of CEDAW and the 7574:

women and girls have continued to be targeted. The Commission for Historical Clarification found 88% of women affected by state-sponsored rape and sexual violence were indigenous.

7100:

with regard to reproductive and sexual health. Sometimes women themselves avoid the medical system for fear of being reported to the police or facing family violence due to having

21335: 10656: 9947: 8453: 21282:

Williams, Lindy; Sobieszczyk, Teresa (November 1997). "Attitudes surrounding the continuation of female circumcision in the Sudan: passing the tradition to the next generation".

19539: 19509: 19267: 19234: 16052: 12230:

First, Michael B.; Bell, Carl C.; Cuthbert, Bruce; Krystal, John H.; Malison, Robert; Offord, David R.; Reiss, David; Shea, M. Tracie; Widger, Tom; Wisner, Katherine L. (2002).

9546: 8920: 631: 5418:

was too great and that the police told them they deserved it and were reluctant to follow police policy. Decriminalizing sex work is argued to help sex workers in this aspect.

575: 20937:

Jones, Helen; Diop, Nafissatou; Askew, Ian; Kaboré, Inoussa (September 1999). "Female genital cutting practices in Burkina Faso and Mali and their negative health outcomes".

15477: 14992: 11076:

Report of the Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of slavery, including its causes and consequences, Gulnara Shahinian: Thematic report on servile marriage (A/HRC/21/41)

8909: 12171:

McKie, Linda; Hearn, Jeff (August 2004). "Gender-Neutrality and Gender Equality: Comparing and Contrasting Policy Responses to 'Domestic Violence' in Finland and Scotland".

9699: 8725: 18327: 9993: 7145:

While women's participation in national parliaments has been increasing, rising from 11% in 1995 to 26.5% in 2023, there is still a large disparity between male and female

5966:

is a form of violence against women in which a bride is killed at home by her husband or husband's family due to his dissatisfaction over the dowry provided by her family.

19297: 6841: 15452: 15049: 11355: 10905: 22918: 19238: 17580:

Danis, Fran S.; Lockhart, Lettie (Spring–Summer 2003). "Guest Editorial – Domestic violence and social work education: what do we know, what do we need to know?".

10461: 13268: 6170:

2000)". The authors of this study add, "There is current considerable controversy over whether male-to-female marital violence is best regarded as a reflection of male

16679:

Crosset, Todd W.; Benedict, Jeffrey R.; McDonald, Mark A. (May 1995). "Male student-athletes and violence against women: a survey of campus judicial affairs offices".

14113: 6535:(WHO) as "all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons". 12768: 6396:(between the 15th and 18th centuries) were common in Europe and in the European colonies in North America. Today, there remain regions of the world (such as parts of 16504: 15703: 6825:). In the 20th century, state mandated forced marriage with the aim of increasing the population was practiced by some authoritarian governments, notably during the 6377:

is the burning of widows, and although sati in India is today an almost defunct practice, isolated incidents have occurred in recent years, such as the 1987 sati of

6157:. Couples with marital disorders sometimes come to clinical attention because the couple recognize long-standing dissatisfaction with their marriage and come to the 2914: 273: 18114: 11198: 8540: 24637: 8881:

Violence Against Women. Gender and International Affairs Class 2013. Lecture conducted from The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID)

8607: 4906: 4845: 2147: 590: 19010:

Htun, Mala; Weldon, S. Laurel (August 2012). "The civic origins of progressive policy change: combating violence against women in global perspective, 1975–2005".

14807: 12606: 10621:

McFarlane, Judith M.; Campbell, Jacquelyn C.; Wilt, Susan; Sachs, Carolyn J.; Ulrich, Yvonne; Xu, Xiao (November 1999). "Stalking and intimate partner femicide".

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is a marriage in which one or both parties are married against their will. Forced marriages are common in South Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. The customs of

5842:

of the face and body. Such attacks are common in South Asia, in countries such as Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India; and in Southeast Asia, especially in Cambodia.

9665:

Rana, U., Sharma, D. & Ghosh, D. Prostitution in northern Central India: an ethnographical study of Bedia community. Int. j. anthropol. ethnol. 4, 2 (2020).

7134:

Violence Against Women in Politics (VAWP) is the act or threat of physical, emotional or psychological violence against female politicians on the basis of their

7095:. This has been seen in Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Pakistan, Yemen, the United Arab Emirates, and some states in Nigeria. Additionally this can deter victims of 6599:(the inner lips of the female genitals) through manual manipulation (pulling) or physical equipment (such as weights). It is often done by older women to girls. 2846: 19744:"Cross-cultural connections, border-crossings, and "Death by Culture": thinking about dowry-murders in India and domestic-violence murders in the United States" 16114: 12984: 6567:. The medicalization of FGM in the United States allowed these practices to continue until the second part of the 20th century, with some procedures covered by 23698: 17740: 1188: 20680: 13958: 19139:

Michau, Lori (March 2007). "Approaching old problems in new ways: community mobilisation as a primary prevention strategy to combat violence against women".

18703: 11919: 8825:

Michau, Lori (March 2007). "Approaching old problems in new ways: community mobilisation as a primary prevention strategy to combat violence against women".

6636:

In some countries, notably Mauritania, young girls are forcibly fattened to prepare them for marriage because obesity is seen as desirable. This practice of

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in 1991. In the Netherlands, marital rape was also made illegal in 1991. One of the last Western countries to criminalize marital rape was Germany, in 1997.

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Bardall, Gabrielle; Bjarnegård, Elin; Piscopo, Jennifer M (November 2020). "How is Political Violence Gendered? Disentangling Motives, Forms, and Impacts".

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on his wife to keep her "within the bounds of duty". Today, outside the West, many countries severely restrict the rights of married women: for example, in

12446: 10397: 9278: 5768:

by a third party. In forced prostitution, the party/parties who force the victim to be subjected to unwanted sexual acts exercise control over the victim.

2836: 6316:. Dating violence is defined by the CDC as "the physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional violence within a dating relationship, including stalking". 23901: 18946:

Youngs, Gillian (Summer 2003). "Private pain/public peace: women's rights as human rights and Amnesty International's report on violence against women".

14619: 7350:- all of which rank in the top five most common vectors of technology-facilitated gender-based violence - have a much wider reach and be more dangerous. 6425: 6167: 1399: 238: 12651: 11010: 23042: 19103:

Robinson, Nancy P. (July–December 2006). "Origins of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women: The Caribbean contribution".

15331:

Coercive and cruel – a report by the European Roma Rights Centre: Sterilisation and its consequences for Romani women in the Czech Republic (1966–2016)

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found that 19.0% of college women and 6.1% of college men experienced either sexual assault or attempted sexual assault since entering college. In the

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Ending violence against women & girls – Evidence, data and knowledge in the Pacific Island Countries: literature review and annotated bibliography

8517: 25032: 24415: 20527:"The Maria da Penha Case and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights: contributions to the debate on domestic violence against women in Brazil" 18835: 17139: 16818: 12133: 9485: 6844:

considers the criminalization of abortion a "violations of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights" and a form of "gender based violence".

6833:, which systematically forced people into marriages ordering them to have children, in order to increase the population and continue the revolution. 2558: 1921: 17: 14642: 7577:

The concept of white dominion over indigenous women's bodies has been rooted in American history since the beginning of colonization. The theory of

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Sexual "cleansing" is a ceremony where girls have sexual intercourse as a cleansing ritual following their first menstruation and is referred to as

6622:

was a practice in China done to reduce the size of feet in girls. It was seen as more desirable and was likely to make a more prestigious marriage.

6118:

report compiled from a number of different studies conducted in at least 71 countries found domestic violence against women to be most prevalent in

23852: 19543: 13899: 10673: 6705: 5645: 4271: 2690: 1350: 687: 20736: 19261: 19114: 12959: 11669: 9725: 22911: 22219: 18384: 12387: 11628: 11288:

Glicksman, Robert; Kaime, Thoko (2015). "An International Legal Framework for SE4All: Human Rights and Sustainable Development Law Imperatives".

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likely to face some form of violence, whether physical or emotional. Regarding violence against female politicians, younger women and those with

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whom, in the above circumstances, causes the death of the person involved in illegitimate carnal relations with his spouse, daughter, or sister.

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was the first international instrument to explicitly define VAW and elaborate on the subject. Other definitions of VAW are set out in the 1994

4102: 1263: 20649: 14954: 14927: 8461: 3650: 21095: 20727: 20425: 16277: 14355: 13672: 24420: 22472: 22342: 20137: 19050: 14698: 14411: 9359: 8193: 8108: 8048:

equality between women and men is a key element in the prevention of violence against women". The convention also provides a definition of

5312:

violence; marital rape; dowry abuse and murders; partner homicide; psychological abuse; abuse of women with disabilities; forced pregnancy

1926: 22942: 17013: 15844: 24390: 23994: 23536: 23103: 21733: 21398: 16623: 15893: 15125: 9320: 8087: 6445:

Chinese anti-infanticide tract circa 1800. China has a long history of son preference, which was aggravated after the enforcement of the

1896: 1492: 1018: 20391: 20035:"A tale of two cities: social and environmental influences shaping risk factors and protective behaviors in two Mexico-US border cities" 17762: 14080: 12231: 11581: 10653: 9964: 9437: 7039:

The hijab has seen bans in places such as Austria, Yugoslavia, Kosovo, Kazakhstan, the Soviet Union, and Tunisia. On 8 January 1936,

23683: 22904: 21713: 19547: 19517: 17066: 16090:"Crime Prevention & Criminal Justice Module 9 Key Issues: Topic 1 - Gender-based discrimination and women in conflict with the law" 14831: 13289: 12776: 12114: 11927: 11833: 10465: 8252: 8028: 7475: 5623: 4902: 4770: 1173: 641: 585: 566: 19976:"Social and structural factors associated with HIV infection among female sex workers who inject drugs in the Mexico-US border region" 18836:"Are Women's Spaces Transgender Spaces? Single-Sex Domestic Violence Shelters, Transgender Inclusion, and the Equal Protection Clause" 17529:

Colarossi, Lisa (Winter 2005). "A response to Danis & Lockhart: What guides social work knowledge about violence against women?".

17280: 16066: 12488: 5834:

the faces, burning the tissue, often exposing and sometimes dissolving the bones. The long-term consequences of these attacks include

23032: 15067: 14897: 11100: 11087: 9747: 9677: 7021: 6840:(i.e. denying a woman safe and legal abortion) is also seen by some organizations as a violation of women's rights. For example, the 6271: 5603: 4860: 2936: 2931: 21133:"Are there "Stages of Change" in the practice of female genital cutting?: Qualitative research findings from Senegal and The Gambia" 19691: 18687:

Transgender women are at a notably higher risk of violence than their cisgender counterparts...especially transgender women of color

18168: 18115:

Thematic paper on the elimination and responses to violence, exploitation and abuse of indigenous girls, adolescents and young women

10872: 7729:' that includes the issues of race, gender, age, and class. Other than that, the third wave marks a period of feminism dealing with 6870: 6515:

Data map showing the percentage of women aged 15 to 49 who have undergone FGM (2020). There is no data for countries in light grey.

23618: 23506: 23249: 21764: 20763: 20261: 15485: 15021:

Violations of women's sexual and reproductive health and rights, such as forced sterilizations, forced abortion, forced pregnancy,

11488: 10368: 10360: 10247: 9494: 9481: 9297: 8924: 7589:

passed the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2019, which increased tribes' prosecution rights further. However, in the

5800: 5421:

In some countries, it is common for older men to engage in "compensated dating" with underage girls. Such relationships are called

3595: 2948: 1100: 988: 15005: 11468: 10469: 8976:"Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence against Women (Convention of Belém do Pará)" 6293:

at 1 Corinthians 7:3-5 explains that one has a "conjugal duty" to have sexual relations with one's spouse (in sharp opposition to

22025: 20540: 20531: 18804: 18437: 16199: 14274: 9999: 8586:"Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment And Eradication of Violence Against Women "Convention of Belem Do Para"" 8488:"Details of Treaty No.210: Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence" 8138: 8009:

In Asia, there is the South Asian Agreement on Regional Cooperation's (SAARC) Protocol to End Trafficking in Women and Children.

7651: 6874:

A map from a 1929 Swedish royal commission report displays the U.S. states that had implemented sterilization legislation by then

6393: 5806:

Stalking is unwanted or obsessive attention by an individual or group toward another person, often manifested through persistent

5210: 4856: 557: 63: 20595: 19310: 17663:

The great divide: Revealing differences in the Islamic world regarding the status of women and its impact on international peace

13213: 12017:

L'action du ministère dans le cadre des violences au sein du couple / Aide aux victimes: présentation des différents dispositifs

11074: 10159: 8563: 7380:

is another cause that also leads to violence. Women who have HIV/AIDS infection are also among the targets of the violence. The

6770:

Awareness raising through education is taking place among young girls to modify or eliminate the practice of chhaupadi in Nepal.

5303:

Child marriage; female genital mutilation; physical, sexual and psychological abuse; incest; child prostitution and pornography

25133: 23857: 23628: 23456: 23441: 23436: 23282: 23037: 22967: 22785: 22030: 21824: 17769: 17683: 15133: 15121: 13078: 12572: 11361: 10915: 8950:"A/RES/48/104 – Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women – UN Documents: Gathering a body of global agreements" 7586: 6257:

In Canada, marital rape was made illegal in 1983, when several legal changes were made, including changing the rape statute to

4080: 2763: 2659: 1355: 1110: 938: 923: 918: 748: 308: 20183:"Individual, Social, and Environmental Influences Associated With HIV Infection Among Injection Drug Users in Tijuana, Mexico" 18610: 15987: 11825: 9773: 8310: 6704:. Victims may also be forced by their families to marry the rapist in order to restore the family's "honor.". In Lebanon, the 5637:'s capture of Iraqi cities in June 2014 was accompanied by an upsurge in crimes against women, including kidnapping and rape. 25161: 23688: 23421: 23195: 22997: 20876: 19919: 17310: 16863:

Disch, Lisa; Kane, Mary Jo (Winter 1996). "When a Looker is Really a Bitch: Lisa Olson, Sport, and the Heterosexual Matrix".

16246: 15723: 13707: 12852: 12302: 10976: 10188: 9154: 7469: 6902: 5578:"Their little children will be dashed to death before their eyes. Their homes will be sacked, and their wives will be raped." 4719: 4565: 3767: 2758: 1178: 903: 621: 13559: 12110:

Violence against women in Latin America and the Caribbean: a comparative analysis of population-based data from 12 countries

11953: 10566: 10491: 10219: 9801:"'Lest he die in battle and another man take her': violence and the construction of gender in the laws of Deuteronomy 20-22" 6382: 6364: 5729:

Human trafficking refers to the acquisition of persons by improper means such as force, fraud or deception, with the aim of

24196: 23511: 23333: 23002: 21970: 21554: 21501: 21063: 14574: 14510: 12780: 11905: 11446: 10592: 5654: 5634: 5399:

suffered attempted rape or rape sometime in their lives. More than a third of the victims were raped before the age of 18.

4688: 4618: 3928: 2901: 2683: 1702: 993: 807: 680: 19420: 17222:"Online hate, digital discourse and critique: Exploring digitally-mediated discursive practices of gender-based hostility" 16520:"Colorado woman seeks justice in alleged sexual assault Read more: Colorado woman seeks justice in alleged sexual assault" 14854: 13606: 7997:

In the Americas, the Inter-American Convention on Violence Against Women, which was formally announced and adopted by the

7562:] than non‐indigenous women. This includes Bolivia, which has the highest rate of domestic violence in Latin America; and 6174:

and control or whether there is an empirical base and clinical utility for conceptualizing these patterns as relational."

5600:. Jewish male prisoners had access to (and used) Jewish women forced into camp brothels by the Nazis, who also used them. 5542: 24842: 24512: 24425: 24316: 23984: 23804: 23446: 23431: 23185: 23108: 23088: 23063: 21481: 19361: 17262: 16681: 13474:

Webber, Sarah; Schonfeld, Toby (May 2003). "Cutting History, Cutting Culture: Female Circumcision in the United States".

10707: 10682: 10300:"Analysis | 5 reasons the U.N. Security Council should care about the Burmese military's sexual assaults on the Rohingya" 8118: 7744: 7480: 6822: 4698: 4693: 4388: 4112: 3713: 2360: 2018: 1931: 1822: 1482: 1300: 928: 913: 20618:"Council of Europe – Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence (CETS No. 210)" 17342: 16584:

Chandler, Steve B.; Johnson, Dewayne J.; Carroll, Pamela S. (1 December 1999). "Abusive behaviors of college athletes".

15360:"European Court of Human Rights Finds Slovakia violated Romani women's rights in another involuntary sterilization case" 8614: 7656: 5209:

are often perpetrated by organized criminal networks. Historically, there have been forms of organized WAV, such as the

24410: 23884: 23027: 23007: 22947: 22477: 22046: 21804: 19434: 17855:

Krebs, Christopher P.; Lindquist, Christine H.; Warner, Tara D.; Fisher, Bonnie S.; Martin, Sandra L. (December 2007).

17376: 17208: 15217:"Sterilization racism and pan-ethnic disparities of the past decade: the continued encroachment on reproductive rights" 14185:

Kirti, Anand; Kumar, Prateek; Yadav, Rachana (2011). "The Face of Honour Based Crimes: Global Concerns and Solutions".

13455: 13069: 12622: 12603: 12574:

Tatbestandsprobleme der sexuellen Nötigung, Vergewaltigung sowie des sexuellen Mißbrauchs widerstandsunfähiger Personen

11391: 9650: 9201: 8749:"Towards a post-patriarchal gender order: confronting the universality and the particularity of violence against women" 6568: 3913: 2926: 2906: 1916: 1382: 21006: 16461:

Krebs, Christopher P.; Lindquist, Christine H.; Warner, Tara D.; Fisher, Bonnie S.; Martin, Sandra L. (October 2007).

15862:

Hoodfar, Homa (1993). "The veil in their minds and on our heads: the persistence of colonial images of Muslim women".

15766: 15669: 14318: 13320: 13187: 10462:"Report of the Special Rapporteur on systematic rape, sexual slavery and slavery-like practices during armed conflict" 9030: 7142:, which is defined by the use or threats of force to reach political ends, and can be experienced by all politicians. 6651: 3071: 24058: 23889: 23385: 23363: 23169: 23139: 23124: 23068: 23047: 22962: 22957: 22420: 21995: 21990: 21636: 21451: 21229: 21181: 21114: 20797: 20778: 20509: 20322: 20237: 19804: 19755: 19208: 19012: 18257: 18051:; Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence against Children (OSRSG/VAC) (May 2013). 18048: 17911: 16794: 15656: 15342: 13742: 13536: 13381: 12822: 12430: 12363: 12333: 12250: 12024: 11541: 11500: 11419: 11091: 10849: 10761: 9927: 9812: 9559: 9450: 8650: 8388: 8365: 8342: 7974: 7559: 7360: 5458:, were trained to provide entertainment, conversation, and sexual services to men of the upper class. In South Asia, 5392:. Around the world, rape is often not reported or handled properly by law enforcement for a wide variety of reasons. 4724: 4703: 4638: 4606: 3588: 3411: 1556: 1387: 859: 837: 360: 81: 21491: 21127:

Vienna: OSCE Secretariat, OSG/Gender Section, ISBN 9789292345341 (also published in French and Russian translations)

21015:(December 2005). "Inside outsiders: Mainstreaming violence against women into human rights discourse and practice". 19395: 19336: 17115: 11859:

Girshick, Lori B. (December 2002). "No sugar, no spice: reflections on research on woman-to-woman sexual violence".

7962: 7452:(such as violence, trafficking, and forced marriage) is linked to parts of Sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania (also see 5225:

identifies nine forms of violence against women based on subject and context rather than life cycle or time period:

4946:

Recommendation Rec(2002)5 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the protection of women against violence

3368: 25197: 24795: 24632: 24532: 23989: 23879: 23216: 23211: 23134: 23093: 23078: 23073: 23022: 22972: 22441: 22000: 21930: 19928: 19802:

Logan, T. K.; Shannon, Lisa; Walker, Robert (October 2006). "Police attitudes toward domestic violence offenders".

18873: 17593: 17542: 17194: 16728: 12875:

Uhn, Cho (1999). "The Invention of Chaste Motherhood: A Feminist Reading of the Remarriage Ban in the Chosun Era".

12242: 12118: 11931: 11861: 9829: 7590: 7583: 7563: 6461: 6209: 6200:

clinicians must be aware that supporting assertiveness by a battered wife may lead to more beatings or even death.

6138: 6123: 4043: 3605: 2871: 2313: 2142: 2036: 1487: 1377: 196: 31: 20338:

Hanna, Cheryl (June 1996). "No right to choose: mandated victim participation in domestic violence prosecutions".

16653: 16396: 14215:

Daphne Project "Proposing new indicators: measuring violence's effects, GVEI (Gender Violence Effects Indicators)"

13828: 12793: 7063:. Freedom of movement is an essential right, recognized by international instruments, including Article 15 (4) of 6023:, marriage regulations state that a wife must obey her husband and must not leave home without his permission. In 25182: 24385: 23896: 23658: 23461: 23159: 23154: 23083: 23017: 23012: 22541: 22482: 22005: 21860: 21814: 21698: 21529: 21391: 20741: 19373: 15992: 15964: 15276: 15187: 14284: 13761: 10818: 9956: 9943: 9343: 9331: 7998: 7025: 6938: 6733: 6650:. The practice dates back to the 11th century, and has been reported to have made a significant comeback after a 5650: 5058: 4898: 2881: 2826: 2676: 1891: 1394: 1148: 943: 673: 476: 471: 108: 17448: 15096: 12458: 10050: 9576:"Nearly 97% of women in the US are raped or suffer attempted rape at some point in their lives, a US study says" 9316:

Extent, nature, and consequences of rape victimization: findings From the national violence against women survey

8250:

Russo, Nancy Felipe; Pirlott, Angela (November 2006). "Gender-based violence: concepts, methods, and findings".

7677: 5886: 5356:

is a broader term referring to the use of violence to obtain a sexual act, including, for example, trafficking.

23521: 23190: 23098: 21985: 21925: 21855: 21840: 21284: 21050: 18036: 17636: 17341:

Gardiner, Becky; Mansfield, Mahana; Anderson, Ian; Holder, Josh; Louter, Daan; Ulmanu, Monica (12 April 2016).

16929: 16227:"Conceptualizing more inclusive elections: violence against women in elections and gendered electoral violence" 15230: 15034: 14629: 14514: 13612: 13047:"Conflict between state legal norms and norms underlying popular beliefs: witchcraft in Africa as a case study" 10985: 10932: 10028: 7797: 4763: 4555: 4210: 4176: 4085: 3553: 2866: 1003: 23663: 20894:

James, Stanlie M. (Summer 1998). "Shades of othering: reflections on female circumcision/genital mutilation".

15329: 6304:

Dating abuse, or dating violence, is the perpetration of coercion, intimidation, or assault in the context of

5962:, which is common in South Asia, especially in India, is the trigger of many forms of violence against women. 5649:

fighters have had sex with these young girls, they just pass them on to other fighters." In December 2014 the

1153: 387: 25064: 24780: 23501: 22815: 22566: 22010: 21960: 21950: 21885: 21774: 21754: 21693: 21616: 21125:

Bringing Security Home: Combating Violence against Women in the OSCE Region; A Compilation of Good Practices.

20571:"The Convention of Belém do Pará and the Istanbul Convention: A response to violence against women worldwide" 20406: 19666: 18472: 13060: 12661: 11019: 10989: 9642: 9239: 9232:"Similarities and differences in women's sexual assault experiences based on tactics used by the perpetrator" 8798: 7720:

of feminism is the newest wave of feminism led by young feminists whose understanding and context are of the

7464: 7068: 6933: 5395:

In 2011, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that "nearly 20% of all women" in the

5053: 4668: 4658: 4560: 4090: 3908: 2995: 2896: 2876: 2590: 2298: 983: 595: 268: 19775: 18462:

Bachman, Ronet; Zaykowski, Heather; Kallmyer, Rachel; Poteyeva, Margarita; Lanier, Christina (August 2008).

18388: 18357: 15272:"Victims speak out about North Carolina sterilization program, which targeted women, young girls and Blacks" 14994:

General recommendation No. 35 on gender-based violence against women, updating general recommendation No. 19

10540: 8726:"Recommendations of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the protection of women against violence" 8509: 8487: 6266:, marital rape was made illegal in 1991. The views of Sir Matthew Hale, a 17th-century jurist, published in 6075: 5489:

Women with illegal resident status are disproportionately involved with prostitution. For example, in 1997,

3164: 3005: 25192: 24343: 24291: 23272: 23242: 22865: 22434: 21975: 21940: 21890: 21865: 21850: 21738: 21421: 21201: 18892: 16986: 14526: 14301: 14298: 14295: 14292: 14289: 14278: 12691: 9834: 9411: 9403: 8128: 7634:

often face violence from clients. Trans women who are survivors of violence can have a harder time finding

7614: 7540: 7497: 6955: 6488:

Another manifestation of son preference is the violence inflicted against mothers who give birth to girls.

5412: 5146: 4648: 4623: 4448: 3717: 3667: 3660: 2941: 2891: 2886: 1849: 1797: 738: 661: 535: 466: 231: 19713: 18679: 17060:

Smith, Peter K.; Mahdavi, Jess; Carvalho, Manuel; Fisher, Sonja; Russell, Shanette; Tippett, Neil (2008).

14731: 11228: 11160: 6983:

included forced abortions and forced sterilization. Forced sterilization is also practiced in Uzbekistan.

3147: 24975: 24827: 24246: 23847: 23793: 22392: 22051: 22020: 22015: 21980: 21955: 21945: 21935: 21915: 21900: 21870: 21641: 20905: 20084:"Syringe possession arrests are associated with receptive syringe sharing in two Mexico-US border cities" 18957: 18851: 18465:

Violence against American Indian and Alaska Native women and the criminal justice response: what is known

18070: 17987:

Watts, Charlotte; Zimmerman, Cathy (6 April 2002). "Violence against women: global scope and magnitude".

17927:

Krug, Etienne G.; Dahlberg, Linda L.; Mercy, James A.; Zwi, Anthony B.; Lozano, Rafael (5 October 2002).

17505: 16595: 16426:

Krook, Mona Lena (2022). "Semiotic Violence against Women: Theorizing Harms against Female Politicians".

10790: 10427: 6898: 5989: 5803:, attacking 95 and killing at least six and, in 2011, similar attacks happened again throughout Algeria. 5615: 4653: 4643: 4613: 4495: 4480: 4470: 4058: 3923: 3918: 3610: 3183: 2773: 2501: 2345: 1752: 1345: 1283: 55: 17928: 17137:

Jane, Emma Alice (2014). "'Back to the kitchen, cunt': speaking the unspeakable about online misogyny".

17014:"Prevalence of Sexual Assault in the Military: Risk and Protective Factors, Data Sources, and Data Uses" 16907: 10686: 6700:

is highly valued and considered mandatory before marriage, in extreme cases, rape victims are killed in

5791:

Single women and women who are economically independent have been vilified by certain groups of men. In

25084: 23869: 23556: 23287: 22830: 22406: 22258: 22170: 21920: 21905: 21895: 21880: 21875: 21728: 21384: 21365: 20939: 19021: 18216: 15997: 14343: 11684: 11256:"Child Marriage and Guardianship in Tanzania: Robbing Girls of Their Childhood and Infantilizing Women" 11052: 10364: 9031:"Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence" 7806: 5899: 4838: 4596: 4183: 3471: 2768: 2610: 1367: 1038: 753: 201: 19915:"Mexico's northern border conflict: collateral damage to Health and Human Rights of vulnerable groups" 19630: 18196: 16908:"Share on emailShare on redditMore Sharing Services Few Colleges Tackle Issue of Athlete Sex Assaults" 15724:"Taliban order all Afghan women to cover their faces in public | Afghanistan | the Guardian" 14733:

WHO statement: The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth

14699:"Sexual and reproductive health: Prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during childbirth" 14426: 14378: 12578: 12396: 12232:"Personality disorders and relational disorders: a research agenda for addressing crucial gaps in DSM" 12123: 11703: 11637: 10273: 5320:

Forced "suicide" or homicide of widows for economic reasons; sexual, physical and psychological abuse

2973: 24437: 24251: 24153: 24038: 23705: 23673: 23343: 23277: 22982: 22835: 22775: 22307: 22226: 22205: 21965: 21910: 21845: 21784: 21708: 21621: 21431: 20570: 17903: 17328:"The Chilling: global trends in online violence against women journalists; research discussion paper" 16343: 15648: 14740: 14727: 14706: 14694: 14654: 14625: 14615: 14117: 13637:

Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence

13354: 13344: 12068: 12058: 10436: 10423: 9167: 9125: 9112: 8038:

Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence

7934: 7912:

globally. This failure to apply existing laws and procedures is often due to the persisting issue of

7863: 7855:

There can be a de jure or de facto acceptance of violent behaviors and lack of remedies for victims.

7756:

through lobbying of the state officials and delegates, demanding the conferences on 'gender issues'.

7635: 7429: 7381: 7369: 7146: 6672:

in some regions of Malawi. Prepubescent girls are often sent to a training camp where women known as

6532: 6502: 6313: 6095: 5984: 5746: 5444: 5263: 5162: 4883:

Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence

4756: 4408: 4188: 3625: 3429: 3375: 1943: 1757: 1651: 1536: 1195: 1163: 817: 743: 520: 413: 191: 21340: 15307:

Vincenti Carpio, Myla (2004). "The Lost Generation: American Indian Women and Sterilization Abuse".

14504: 13924: 13794: 13071:

Witch hunts in modern South Africa: an under-represented facet of gender-based violence (fact sheet)

12713: 9601: 6456:

is a custom prevalent in many societies that in its extreme can lead to the rejection of daughters.

5589:

by an occupying power. During World War II, the Japanese military established brothels filled with "

24697: 24585: 24432: 24201: 24138: 23966: 23921: 23783: 23668: 23650: 23586: 23516: 23400: 22850: 22596: 22413: 22399: 22286: 21544: 20257:"Criminal law, policing policy, and HIV risk in female street sex workers and injection drug users" 19635: 19306: 19271: 17427: 15524: 15309: 14963: 13985: 12963: 11571: 11194: 11181: 9193: 8098: 7432:

is found mostly in Africa, and to a lesser extent in the Middle East and some other parts of Asia.

5529: 4683: 4678: 4673: 4630: 4510: 4306: 4068: 3722: 3514: 3390: 3363: 3276: 3176: 2207: 2095: 1938: 1707: 1636: 1464: 1419: 1273: 1158: 1138: 1068: 998: 874: 515: 160: 19884: 18228: 17874: 16956: 16819:"Fraternal Bonding in the Locker Room: A Profeminist Analysis of Talk About Competition And Women" 16550: 16318: 15221: 12294: 8510:"General recommendations made by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women" 7829:

suffered by those who stand with and support victims of violence against women (VAW). In 2013 the

7764: 5443:

Women from certain lower castes have been involved in prostitution as part of a tradition, called

4911:

Inter-American Convention on the Prevention, Punishment, and Eradication of Violence Against Women

25151: 24980: 24960: 24822: 24812: 24770: 24400: 24241: 24103: 24073: 24068: 24011: 23946: 23931: 23864: 23837: 23822: 23235: 22508: 22503: 22374: 22328: 22251: 21092: 20717: 20617: 19141: 19105: 18631:"Sexual and gender-based violence against refugee women: a hidden aspect of the refugee "crisis"" 18528:"Sexual and gender-based violence against refugee women: a hidden aspect of the refugee "crisis"" 18488: 17418: 16586: 16477: 16462: 16057: 10896: 9314: 7631: 7536: 7072: 6725: 6663: 5524: 5519: 4515: 4475: 4166: 4159: 4117: 3346: 3088: 2506: 2486: 2340: 2330: 2288: 1906: 1747: 1601: 1571: 1566: 1509: 1444: 1429: 1362: 1335: 1320: 704: 372: 338: 24048: 20643:"On preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence: Instanbul Convention" 15629: 15183: 12350: 12152:

Clarke, Kris (5 July 2011). "The Paradoxical Approach to Intimate Partner Violence in Finland".

9863:"Japan's 'Comfort Women': It's time for the truth (in the ordinary, everyday sense of the word)" 8151: 6481:

about Chinese state orphanages, which documented how parents abandoned their newborn girls into

5925:

which he may try to negotiate a bride price with the village elders to legitimize the marriage.

1546: 25079: 25052: 25042: 24502: 24365: 24236: 24133: 24083: 24053: 24033: 23961: 23941: 23916: 23911: 23906: 23817: 23788: 23761: 23737: 23732: 23328: 23318: 22360: 22335: 22272: 21436: 21239:

Wakabi, Wairagala (31 March 2007). "Africa battles to make female genital mutilation history".

20133:"High prevalence of abscesses and self-treatment among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico" 19461:"Second-Order Sexual Harassment: Violence Against the Silence Breakers Who Support the Victims" 19350:(11). Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Population and Information Program: 38. 18288: 17896:

Krug, Etienne G.; Dahlberg, Linda L.; Mercy, James A.; Zwi, Anthony B.; Lozano, Rafael (2002).

17327: 16724:"Male student-athletes and violence against women: a survey of campus judicial affairs offices" 14222: 13318: 8608:"Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa" 8160: 8093: 6457: 5745:

Because of the illegal nature of trafficking, reliable data on its extent is very limited. The

5730: 5562: 5558: 5266:(WHO) has developed a typology of violence against women based on their cultural life cycles. 5138: 4663: 4323: 4230: 4053: 4014: 3903: 3893: 3869: 3847: 3812: 3802: 3461: 3217: 3105: 3029: 2605: 2578: 2568: 2008: 1871: 1742: 1631: 1581: 1551: 1531: 1459: 1439: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1315: 1278: 1251: 1227: 1222: 802: 792: 21370: 20758: 20377: 20256: 20225: 17582:

Journal of Social Work Education, Special Section: Domestic Violence and Social Work Education

16631: 15903: 15137: 13447: 13440: 13431: 12806: 11901: 11309: 11274: 10993: 10749: 9911: 9800: 9636: 9187: 9185: 8376: 8330: 6412:

is held by many people, and women accused of being witches are subjected to serious violence.

5735:

Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children

5696:"systematic" target of rapes and sexual violence because of their ethnic identity and religion 5352:

includes a range of actions with unwelcome sexual overtones, including verbal transgressions.

4948:, the Council of Europe stipulated that VAW "includes, but is not limited to, the following": 25187: 25047: 25007: 24940: 24837: 24785: 24712: 24467: 24231: 24143: 24118: 24113: 24098: 24093: 24088: 24028: 23976: 23936: 23842: 23812: 23715: 23338: 22820: 22635: 22571: 21496: 20978: 20807: 19743: 19591: 19575: 18704:"Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Abuse Among LGBT People: A Review of Existing Research" 18501: 17773: 17641: 16546: 15871: 15481: 15473: 14194: 13730: 12256: 11606: 11596: 11566: 10892: 10073:"Kuwaiti media: "Daash" demands the people of Mosul to provide unmarried to "Jihad marriage"" 9230:

Abbey, Antonia; BeShears, Renee; Clinton-Sherrod, A. Monique; McAuslan, Pam (December 2004).

8975: 8353: 7850: 7748: 7433: 7209: 6914: 6751: 6737: 6049: 6005: 5607: 5596:

Another example of violence against women incited by militarism during war took place in the

5491: 5479: 5459: 5448: 5173:. There are forms of violence that may be perpetrated or condoned by the government, such as 5166: 5130: 4413: 4373: 4363: 4318: 4149: 4124: 4033: 3898: 3655: 3615: 3095: 3012: 2573: 2533: 2466: 2355: 2303: 2222: 1973: 1737: 1641: 1616: 1611: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1526: 1474: 1434: 1340: 1310: 1205: 812: 530: 382: 350: 21132: 19196: 17661: 17496: 17494: 17492: 17490: 17488: 17486: 14987: 14012: 12282: 11472: 10954: 7913: 7071:(male relative or husband). Saudi Arabia was the only country in the world where women were 6511: 24918: 24452: 24326: 24043: 24001: 23951: 23926: 23747: 23710: 23451: 23313: 22855: 22300: 20849:

World Health Statistics Quarterly. Rapport Trimestriel de Statistiques Sanitaires Mondiales

20713: 19993: 19687: 15693:

The Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics. (2016). Storbritannien: Oxford University Press.

14076: 11165: 8269: 8133: 8077: 7593: 7424:

is also associated with these countries, as well as in Southeast Asia, including Cambodia.

7409: 7166:

attacks and makes the issue appear to be relatively commonplace. While it is reported that

7084: 6890: 6878: 6861: 6441: 6294: 6227: 6182:

following a marital separation is the period of greatest risk for the women. Many men will

5202: 5186: 4535: 4490: 4460: 4443: 4433: 4281: 4193: 4171: 4063: 4038: 3973: 3817: 3797: 3747: 3600: 3536: 3509: 3249: 3083: 2808: 2798: 2444: 1958: 1832: 1541: 1499: 1449: 1424: 1237: 1200: 933: 787: 211: 20810:(February 2013). ""Vicious Assault Shakes Texas Town": the politics of gender violence in 19579: 17763:"An exploratory study of bride price and domestic violence in Bundibugyo District, Uganda" 16157:"The Cost of Doing Politics? Analyzing Violence and Harassment against Female Politicians" 15050:"El Salvador: Rape survivor sentenced to 30 years in jail under extreme anti-abortion law" 14213: 13134: 13011: 12683: 11600: 9186:

Peter Cameron; George Jelinek; Anne-Maree Kelly; Anthony F. T. Brown; Mark Little (2011).

9079: 6468:

increased sex-selective abortions and was largely responsible for an unbalanced sex ratio.

5569:

Militarism produces special environments that allow for increased violence against women.

8: 25094: 24955: 24590: 24492: 24472: 24261: 24169: 24128: 24108: 24078: 23971: 23766: 23581: 22765: 22748: 22692: 22667: 22558: 22534: 22265: 22212: 22198: 22099: 21769: 21596: 21564: 20823: 20088: 19908: 19906: 19904: 19073: 19064: 17803:

Venis, Sarah; Horton, Richard (6 April 2002). "Violence against women: a global burden".

17483: 17189: 15889: 15624:(Persian), Faslnamah-e Takhassusi-ye Banuvan-e Shi’ah , Qom: Muassasah-e Shi’ah Shinasi, 15595: 11437: 10304: 10033: 8585: 8018: 7830: 7717: 7706: 7701: 7660:

A Bulgarian poster urging people to open their eyes about domestic violence against women

7388:, as the main reason of "death and disability" among the women who encountered violence. 7167: 7150: 7067:. Nevertheless, in some countries, women are not legally allowed to leave home without a 7060: 6755: 6747: 6146: 6056:). Claudia Card, professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, writes: 6016: 5757: 5724: 5677: 5579: 5206: 5089: 4353: 4343: 4313: 4301: 4296: 4198: 4144: 4139: 4134: 3792: 3727: 3707: 3640: 3583: 3541: 3519: 3485: 3419: 3171: 3076: 2855: 2803: 2793: 2748: 2620: 2481: 2100: 1998: 1978: 1767: 1675: 1626: 1606: 1576: 1469: 1256: 1063: 365: 333: 303: 293: 206: 19997: 18463: 18082: 17856: 16480: 15417: 15386:"Free choice or poverty alleviation? Population politics in Peru under Alberto Fujimori" 14676: 12556: 12539: 11506: 9548:

Non-reporting and Hidden Recording of Sexual Assault: An International Literature Review

8273: 24867: 24862: 24852: 24800: 24790: 24765: 24707: 24665: 24575: 24570: 24565: 24477: 23778: 22845: 22737: 22687: 22640: 22608: 22591: 22467: 22314: 22074: 21819: 21646: 21305: 21270: 21152: 21075: 21036: 21024: 20992: 20973: 20925: 20917: 20835: 20737:"All in the family: explaining the persistence of female genital cutting in the Gambia" 20701: 20689: 20552: 20471: 20365: 20357: 20340: 20290: 20278: 20207: 20182: 20163: 20132: 20114: 20083: 20065: 20034: 20016: 19975: 19945: 19914: 19833: 19485: 19460: 19170: 19162: 19150: 19118: 19085: 19041: 19033: 18977: 18969: 18812: 18786: 18750: 18660: 18562: 18542: 18362: 18300: 18269: 18173: 18018: 17962: 17834: 17670: 17613: 17605: 17589: 17562: 17554: 17538: 17439: 17241: 17170: 17148: 17097: 16991: 16888: 16880: 16783: 16759: 16710: 16519: 16443: 16300: 16252: 16178: 15501: 15252: 15244: 14902: 14836: 14784: 14759: 14597: 14555: 14280:

Working towards the elimination of crimes against women committed in the name of honour

13799: 13586: 13499: 13348: 13273: 13046: 12454: 12062: 11882: 11807: 11799: 11795: 11680: 11484: 11458: 10644: 9265: 8888: 8858: 8850: 8834: 8807: 8778: 8770: 8699: 8683: 8293: 8261: 8227: 8214: 8188: 7266: 7233: 7183: 7139: 7017: 6991: 6949: 6943: 6742: 6397: 6389: 6250: 5891: 5690: 5365: 5361: 5142: 5134: 4540: 4530: 4520: 4505: 4500: 4485: 4438: 4418: 4393: 4358: 4348: 4328: 4225: 4107: 4097: 3998: 3752: 3578: 3444: 3326: 3039: 3000: 2753: 2385: 2380: 2370: 2318: 2308: 2283: 2217: 2175: 2085: 2080: 2075: 1983: 1268: 626: 446: 355: 150: 21258: 20056: 19901: 18006: 17950: 17822: 17507:

In-depth study on all forms of violence against women. Report of the Secretary-General

16722:

Crosset, Todd W.; Ptacek, James; McDonald, Mark A.; Benedict, Jeffrey R. (June 1996).

15926: 15895:

The convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW)

14244: 12740: 9862: 9575: 9456: 7683: 7570:

indigenous women have faced extensive violence. Throughout three decades of conflict,

7224:

connections between contemporary sport and violence against women. Such events as the

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or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life".

25126: 25037: 24965: 24950: 24749: 24692: 24497: 24405: 24296: 24216: 24063: 23368: 22870: 22625: 22487: 21456: 21446: 21407: 21262: 21225: 21177: 21160: 21110: 21083: 21040: 20997: 20960: 20956: 20929: 20882: 20872: 20856: 20839: 20793: 20774: 20754: 20705: 20556: 20505: 20479: 20373: 20369: 20318: 20282: 20233: 20212: 20168: 20119: 20105: 20070: 20039: 20021: 19950: 19825: 19813: 19751: 19490: 19204: 18981: 18917: 18742: 18652: 18554: 18010: 17954: 17907: 17826: 17714: 17617: 17566: 17350: 17306: 17245: 17174: 17089: 17084: 17061: 16892: 16790: 16751: 16737: 16714: 16702: 16690: 16599: 16468: 16447: 16304: 16256: 16242: 16182: 15931: 15796: 15652: 15625: 15566: 15533: 15338: 15256: 15169: 15159: 14789: 14583: 14430: 13738: 13703: 13659: 13581: 13532: 13491: 13451: 12848: 12818: 12582: 12493: 12426: 12359: 12329: 12298: 12246: 11870: 11811: 11764: 11537: 11496: 11415: 11380: 11374:

Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.

11305: 11270: 10845: 10757: 10648: 10632: 10309: 9923: 9808: 9646: 9555: 9446: 9415: 9270: 9256: 9248: 9197: 9150: 8782: 8707: 8656: 8646: 8384: 8361: 8338: 8285: 8232: 8054: 8049: 8032: 7950: 7926: 7814: 7810: 7740: 7730: 7726: 7619: 7571: 7385: 7188: 7032:, who was allegedly beaten to death by police due to wearing an "improper hijab". In 6910: 6906: 6693: 6556: 6519: 6485:, where the staff would leave the children in rooms to die of thirst, or starvation. 6370: 6360: 6263: 6114: 5720: 5669: 5349: 5344: 5222: 5122: 5118: 5094: 4886: 4601: 4465: 4428: 4423: 4403: 4398: 4368: 4333: 4286: 4276: 4240: 4235: 4220: 4215: 4129: 3864: 3857: 3832: 3822: 3807: 3672: 3645: 3531: 3490: 3466: 3341: 3321: 3308: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3232: 3132: 2707: 2652: 2563: 2491: 2476: 2259: 2202: 2003: 1911: 1802: 1722: 1561: 842: 552: 484: 461: 253: 248: 216: 22896: 21274: 19936: 19174: 19045: 18790: 18754: 18664: 18566: 18022: 17966: 17838: 17101: 16763: 14601: 13503: 12930: 12902: 12811: 12590: 12421:

Temkin, Jennifer (2002). "Defining and redefining rape". In Temkin, Jennifer (ed.).

11886: 11837: 9335: 8862: 8297: 7368:

Most often, violence against women has been framed as a health issue, and also as a

6721: 25089: 25074: 25002: 24923: 24893: 24724: 24560: 24266: 23832: 23827: 23678: 23576: 22732: 22707: 22618: 22613: 22114: 22084: 22079: 21651: 21601: 21297: 21254: 21144: 21067: 21028: 20987: 20952: 20909: 20827: 20746: 20693: 20548: 20544: 20461: 20453: 20349: 20294: 20274: 20202: 20194: 20158: 20150: 20109: 20101: 20060: 20052: 20011: 20001: 19940: 19932: 19837: 19817: 19480: 19472: 19154: 19077: 19025: 18961: 18843: 18778: 18734: 18642: 18546: 18484: 18002: 17946: 17818: 17706: 17601: 17597: 17546: 17472: 17431: 17233: 17160: 17152: 17079: 16872: 16833: 16741: 16694: 16473: 16435: 16292: 16234: 16168: 16001: 15397: 15234: 15165:

Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence

14779: 14771: 14672: 14587: 14155: 14134: 14045: 13483: 13294: 12888: 12884: 12630: 12551: 12516: 12484: 12290: 12176: 11874: 11791: 11450: 11386: 11297: 10804: 10636: 10623: 10224: 10102: 10077: 9777: 9525: 9517: 9260: 9252: 8842: 8760: 8691: 8277: 8222: 8206: 8072: 7578: 7528: 7339: 6980: 6967: 6814: 6802: 6797: 6781: 6582: 6506: 6478: 6465: 6446: 6405: 6130:

countries found the highest prevalence of domestic violence against women to be in

6070: 5952: 5921: 5879: 5871: 5857: 5627: 5614:

that supported them led to 200,000 women being raped over a period of nine months.

5554: 4550: 4545: 4455: 4383: 4378: 4338: 4291: 4266: 4203: 4075: 4003: 3852: 3737: 3702: 3620: 3526: 3480: 3456: 3380: 3353: 3316: 3159: 3152: 3142: 3122: 3066: 3049: 2990: 2743: 2615: 2600: 2528: 2449: 2419: 2234: 2070: 1772: 1330: 1325: 1168: 1058: 525: 510: 221: 16296: 14653: 12540:"What epistemology would serve criminal law best in finding the truth about rape?" 11254:

Ezer, Tamar; Kerr, Kate; Major, Kara; Polavarapu, Aparna; Tolentino, Tina (2006).

10570: 10495: 9376: 5862: 5749:

states "Current evidence strongly suggests that those who are trafficked into the

4905:

mentions VAW. However, the 1993 United Nations General Assembly resolution on the

25104: 25012: 24908: 24857: 24717: 24702: 24682: 24647: 24360: 24271: 24206: 24006: 23956: 23742: 23601: 22800: 22717: 22427: 22321: 22279: 22094: 21549: 21330: 21293: 21099: 21059: 20972:

Jones, Wanda K.; Smith, Jack; Kieke Jr., Burney; Wilcox, Lynne (September 1997).

20948: 20896: 20831: 20312: 20270: 20198: 20097: 20006: 19299:

Stopping the violence against women: the movement from intervention to prevention

18948: 18925: 18617: 17897: 17203: 17165: 17156: 17075: 16555: 16524: 16278:"Measuring electoral integrity: using practitioner knowledge to assess elections" 16024: 15778: 15708: 14808:"Joint United Nations statement on ending discrimination in health care settings" 14668: 14659: 14551: 14533: 14198: 14020: 13435: 13427: 13101: 12842: 12656: 12610: 12140: 12130: 11957: 11723: 11636:. Case Western Reserve University School of Law. 1969. STS 251/88. Archived from 11529: 11409: 11405: 10660: 9325: 8640: 7942: 7871: 7627: 7501: 7105: 7096: 6882: 6865: 6810: 6766: 6470: 6433: 6374: 6328: 6187: 6171: 6041: 5906: 5895: 5875: 5851: 5685: 5684:, committed widespread gang rapes and other forms of sexual violence against the 5353: 5332: 5190: 5178: 5170: 5071: 5022: 4914: 4746: 4154: 3963: 3951: 3757: 3697: 3677: 3635: 3573: 3495: 3385: 3331: 3289: 3227: 3222: 3188: 3100: 3054: 2630: 2538: 2434: 2375: 2227: 2212: 2192: 2157: 1866: 1777: 1712: 1504: 1454: 1232: 1083: 646: 600: 547: 505: 495: 418: 377: 318: 288: 258: 165: 20697: 20314:

At home in the law: how the domestic violence revolution is transforming privacy

20154: 19607: 17550: 16746: 16723: 15875: 15827: 15791: 14478: 14245:"Violence against women: work of the General Assembly on violence against women" 13882: 12194: 12107:

Bott, Sarah; Guedes, Alessandra; Goodwin, Mary; Mendoza, Jennifer Adams (2012).

12089: 11493:

Commentaries on the laws of England (1765-1769), vol 1: Of the rights of persons

10640: 8645:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Women and Autonomy Centre (VENA), Leiden University. 8090:, list of notable incidents of violence against women sorted by country and year 7642:

people were violently killed in the United States, most of them women of color.

7121: 6996: 5287:

Sex-selective abortion; effects of battering during pregnancy on birth outcomes

25099: 25057: 25027: 25017: 24935: 24928: 24913: 24903: 24739: 24675: 24617: 24612: 24597: 24380: 24375: 24370: 24256: 24191: 23720: 23693: 23546: 23258: 22875: 22805: 22790: 22780: 22770: 22697: 22601: 22527: 22367: 22233: 22145: 22130: 22109: 21582: 21511: 21441: 20678:

Almosaed, Nora (2004). "Violence against women: a cross-cultural perspective".

19781: 19668:

100 experts demand change in medical evidence laws and justice for rape victims

18110: 17501: 16698: 15742: 15561: 14875: 13487: 13245: 13161:"Discrimination kills 230,000 girls under five in India each year, study shows" 12395:. The Sex Information and Education Council of Canada (SIECCAN). Archived from 11301: 11137: 10959: 10721: 10164: 9915: 9907: 8674:

Sen, Purna (November 1998). "Development practice and violence against women".

8162:

Technology-facilitated gender-based violence in an era of generative AI

8024: 7938: 7875: 7802: 7710: 7623: 7544: 7396: 7343: 7289: 7225: 7101: 6925: 6701: 6688: 6127: 6045: 5792: 5711: 5699: 5695: 5586: 5508: 5357: 5336: 5214: 5182: 5154: 5040: 4525: 3968: 3933: 3742: 3548: 3500: 3294: 3254: 3137: 2625: 2583: 2553: 2543: 2461: 2454: 2439: 2429: 2249: 2185: 2127: 2122: 2107: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1762: 1697: 1210: 1183: 1028: 712: 408: 345: 323: 283: 226: 21071: 21032: 19158: 19029: 18973: 18647: 18630: 18550: 17710: 17190:"Blogging while female: how internet misogyny parallels real-world harassment" 16376:. United States: International Foundation for Electoral Systems. pp. 1–6. 16173: 16156: 15588:

Natalia Antelava (reporter) and Wesley Stephenson (producer) (16 April 2012).

15532:(2nd ed.). Washington DC: The Committee for Human Rights in North Korea. 14592: 14569: 13319:

End FGM European Network, U.S. End FGM/C Network e Equality Now (March 2020).

10133:"Under Isis, Iraqi women again face an old nightmare: violence and repression" 8846: 5432: 25176: 25111: 24734: 24670: 24655: 24517: 24482: 24462: 24333: 24276: 24211: 23623: 23526: 22880: 22586: 22293: 22155: 22135: 22089: 21779: 21587: 21539: 21524: 21325: 20886: 20497: 20392:"The Number of Women Murdered by a Partner is Rising | Psychology Today" 19821: 19476: 18738: 17718: 17476: 17354: 16603: 16226: 15537: 14775: 13856: 13214:"The dying rooms: Chinese orphanages adopt a 'zero population growth policy'" 12838: 12586: 11768: 11585:. Vol. 07 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 189–190. 11576: 10990:

Committee on International Human Rights of the, New York City Bar Association

10877: 10458: 10313: 10103:"إعلامي كويتي: "داعش" يطالب أهالي الموصل بتقديم غير المتزوجات لـ"جهاد النكاح" 9995:

Honorary doctorate acceptance address by Navanethem Pillay, Rhodes University

9803:. In Matthews, Victor H.; Levinson, Bernard M.; Frymer-Kensky, Tikva (eds.). 9116: 8660: 8210: 7721: 7552: 7548: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7373: 7330: 7284: 7229: 7125:

Slut shaming is a common form of semiotic violence against women in politics.

7044: 7013: 6637: 6460:

of females is more common among the higher income population, who can access

5963: 5942: 5786: 5681: 5597: 5590: 5463: 5396: 5218: 5126: 5076: 3827: 3787: 3782: 3692: 3434: 3397: 3022: 3017: 2637: 2244: 2180: 2165: 2023: 1988: 1968: 1839: 1782: 1717: 1105: 1008: 140: 130: 21366:

UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences

17733:"Papua New Guinea: police cite bride price major factor in marital violence" 16238: 15589: 15184:"Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women" 13082: 11878: 9839: 9666: 9419: 8281: 7900:

Existing laws are insufficient, conflicting, and have no effect in practice:

6924:

In Europe, there have been a number of lawsuits and accusations towards the

6754:

is a collection of behaviors that interfere with decision-making related to

5422: 2723: 24945: 24832: 24660: 24627: 24607: 24537: 24527: 24507: 24487: 24123: 24021: 24016: 23752: 23727: 23591: 23531: 23496: 23466: 22810: 22742: 22722: 22712: 22702: 22672: 22104: 21809: 21688: 21661: 21611: 21486: 21473: 21266: 21164: 21087: 21048:

Mackie, Gerry (June 2003). "Female genital cutting: a harmless practice?".

20964: 20483: 20286: 20216: 20172: 20123: 20074: 20025: 19954: 19857: 19829: 19494: 18746: 18656: 18558: 18145: 18014: 17958: 17830: 17093: 16755: 16706: 14793: 14322: 13833: 13564: 13507: 13495: 12718: 12180: 11329:

Confronting dowry-related violence in India: women at the center of justice

10933:"Nurbanu, Bangladeshi woman, forced to return to husband after acid attack" 10137: 9274: 8711: 8331:"Hate crime statutes: a promising tool for fighting violence against women" 8289: 8236: 8156: 7867: 7777: 7566:, which violence against women falling, except for aboriginal populations. 7441: 7347: 7318: 7033: 6918: 6785: 6619: 6595: 6282: 6246: 6223: 6217: 5811: 5761: 5750: 5662: 5639: 5408: 5150: 4048: 3978: 3842: 3777: 3772: 3732: 3682: 3439: 3358: 3336: 3237: 3112: 2985: 2471: 2350: 2170: 2137: 2117: 2041: 2031: 2013: 1993: 1621: 1519: 1514: 1242: 1217: 1073: 1013: 978: 948: 456: 430: 423: 298: 21001: 20974:"Female genital mutilation/female circumcision: who is at risk in the US?" 20867:

Heise, Lori; Pitanguy, Jacqueline; Germain, Adrienne; Bank, World (1994).

20860: 19540:"UN adopts landmark resolution on Protecting Women Human Rights Defenders" 18782: 18723: 17237: 16657: 15263: 15002:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

11570: 11360:. Washington, D.C.: American Political Science Association. Archived from 11104: 9602:"National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey 2010 Summary Report" 8949: 8430: 7851:

Challenges faced by women in accessing justice and limitations of measures

7087:

are disproportionately levelled against women and the punishment is often

4895:

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

24847: 24807: 24775: 24642: 24602: 24442: 24355: 24306: 24281: 24181: 23874: 23613: 23596: 23551: 23471: 22885: 22860: 22682: 22657: 22647: 22630: 22581: 22462: 22165: 22160: 21759: 21703: 21606: 21591: 21534: 21519: 20750: 20308: 19880: 19201:

Gender communication theories & analyses: from silence to performance

18230:

Violent victimization of Aboriginal women in the Canadian provinces, 2009

18218:

Violent victimization of Aboriginal women in the Canadian provinces, 2009

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The failure to protect women from rape and sexual violence in the home

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Yemen's dark side: discrimination and violence against women and girls

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is usually defined as unwanted sexual contact and when this involves

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Women are, in many parts of the world, severely restricted in their

6343:

A 1533 account of the execution of a witch charged with burning the

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c. violence perpetrated or condoned by the state or its officials;

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VAW as a critical issue in the Southern African Women's Charter.

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in return for school fees)" as a form of violence against women.

5381: 5194: 4952:

a. violence occurring in the family or domestic unit, including,

4826:, committed against persons specifically because they are of the 4803: 3424: 973: 869: 849: 822: 797: 720: 500: 21360:

Virtual Knowledge Centre to End Violence against Women and Girls

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The emergence of the first women's movements, or so called the

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immolates herself on the funeral pyre of her husband) ceremony

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The painting depicts a Chilean woman being kidnapped during a

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Strategies for the treatment and prevention of sexual assault

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Unmarried widows are most likely to be accused and killed as

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Female infanticide; physical, sexual and psychological abuse

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Hijab dar Iran az Enqelab-e Eslami ta payan Jang-e Tahmili

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Female genital mutilation (FGM) frequently asked questions

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Case Closed: Rape and Human Rights in the Nordic Countries

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Combating acid violence in Bangladesh, India, and Cambodia

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Some countries, such as Brazil and Jordan, have enacted

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and opportunity for women. This wave marks a period of "

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denial or delay of safe abortion and post abortion care

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in many places, acts of abuse, especially acts such as

7523:

Violence is often perpetrated by the state, such as in

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Widows have been subjected to forced remarriage called

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they were sexually assaulted or raped while serving.

6817:. This was also used as part of a program of breeding 6809:. A common motivation for this is to help establish a 5193:; violence by the police and authoritative personnel; 5000:

Comparison of definitions in human rights instruments

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Deny, attack, and reverse victim and offender (DARVO)

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is the practice of forcing a woman or girl to become

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Recommendations for clinicians making a diagnosis of

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planning and research committees for the forthcoming

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Gender, HIV and Risk: Navigating structural violence

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Crime in Canadian context: debates and controversies

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The Lecherous Professor: Sexual Harassment on Campus

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and it is often motivated by rejection and jealousy.

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National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women

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Thousand Oaks, California: Sage. p. 58. 8124:United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 8068:Forced conversion of minority girls in Pakistan 7956: 7776:Mass protest against violence against women in 7759: 5462:associated with prostitution today include the 4901:makes recommendations relating to VAW, and the 2203:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 58:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling 24175:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 22428:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 20897:Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 20648:. Council of Europe Convention. Archived from 20593: 19266:. Geneva, Switzerland: Lecture conducted from 19233:. 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A man beating a woman is shown in the back. 6082:(1845) captioned "Qui aime bien châtie bien" ( 4822:. Such violence is often considered a form of 1681:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 23243: 22912: 22535: 21392: 20226:"Women, migration, conflict and risk for HIV" 19664: 19544:Association for Women's Rights in Development 19354: 19335:Heise, L.; Gottemoeller, M. (December 1999). 18358:"Sexual violence scars Native American Women" 17579: 16812: 16810: 16628:Hopkins Undergraduate Research Journal Online 16574: 16362: 15820: 15269: 14757: 14503:Kardam, Filiz (2005). Murray, Genevra (ed.). 14452:"India court seeks 'honour killing' response" 14106:"Stigmatization of rape & honor killings" 14039: 14037: 13897: 13382:"Female Genital Mutilation: A global concern" 12807:"Human rights, equality and legal protection" 12289:, Oxford University Press, pp. 177–186, 11754: 9860: 9507: 8462:The Chicago School of Professional Psychology 7825:Second-order sexual harassment (SOSH) is the 7395:Violence against women can be connected with 7171:politics is traditionally considered to be a 7111: 7051:torn off, and their homes forcibly searched. 6716: 6319: 5715:Countries by prevalence of female trafficking 5561:'s "comfort battalions" is interviewed by an 4764: 2684: 681: 22473:National Coalition Against Domestic Violence 20787: 20405:Gupta, Alisha Haridasani (4 December 2019). 20138:International Journal of Infectious Diseases 20033:Ramos, Rebeca; et al. 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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 8541:"Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action" 8249: 8194:Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 8155: This article incorporates text from a 8109:School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) 6652:military junta took over the country in 2008 24391:List of people killed for being transgender 20768: 18890: 18701: 18678:American Psychological Association (2018). 18256:Roe, Bubar; Jumper Thurman, Pamela (2004). 17802: 16414: 16129: 15946: 15767:The Bosnian Muslims in the Second World War 15614: 15078: 14608: 14545:Country Comparison: Maternal Mortality Rate 14377:Bayoumy, Yara; Kami, Aseel (6 March 2012). 14376: 14135:"Libya rape victims 'face honour killings'" 14046:"Libya rape victims 'face honour killings'" 13973: 13925:"Kusasa Fumbi – The Sexual Rite Of Passage" 13560:"The Gambia bans female genital mutilation" 13339: 13337: 10719: 10297: 9692: 9357: 9321:National Criminal Justice Reference Service 9189:Textbook of Adult Emergency Medicine E-Book 9173: 8405: 8351: 8088:List of incidents of violence against women 7941:that specialize in certain crimes, such as 1897:List of people killed for being transgender 23250: 23236: 22919: 22905: 22542: 22528: 21399: 21385: 21371:World Health Organization's reports on FGM 21017:International Feminist Journal of Politics 19009: 18711:The Williams Institute: UCLA School of Law 17067:Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 16807: 16154: 15988:"FACTBOX: Stoning - where does it happen?" 15834:, 26 September 2006. Accessed 6 June 2008. 15808: 15639: 15637: 14034: 13792: 13697: 12951: 12777:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 12389:Sexual assault in Canada: what do we know? 12170: 12115:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 11928:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 11834:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 11483: 10466:United Nations Economic and Social Council 10100: 9798: 9594: 9107: 9105: 8942: 8893:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 8253:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 8057:, it is open to accession by any country. 7919: 7599: 7476:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 6657: 6551:to treat a number of diagnoses, including 6151:Marital Conflict Disorder Without Violence 6105:Women are much more likely than men to be 5698:. Other forms of sexual violence included 5624:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda 4903:Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action 4859:, declared in a 2006 report posted on the 4771: 4757: 3651:African-American women's suffrage movement 2691: 2677: 688: 674: 21224:. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 20991: 20814:' coverage of a schoolgirl's gang rape". 20610: 20465: 20262:The Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 20206: 20162: 20113: 20064: 20015: 20005: 19973: 19944: 19631:"Publicity urged for law on marital rape" 19532: 19484: 18797: 18692: 18646: 18226: 17929:"The world report on violence and health" 17528: 17411: 17409: 17407: 17405: 17403: 17401: 17399: 17397: 17187: 17164: 17083: 16858: 16856: 16854: 16745: 16189: 16172: 15401: 15238: 15094: 14783: 14591: 14476: 14316: 13857:"The man hired to have sex with children" 13854: 12555: 12414: 12295:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190238360.003.0012 12154:International Perspectives in Victimology 11920:"Intimate partner violence: consequences" 11755:Solsten, Eric; Meditz, Sandra W. (1988). 11428: 11072: 10048: 9748:"Caste System Binds Nepalese Prostitutes" 9529: 9298:Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network 9264: 8764: 8226: 7743:show their support for putting an end to 7691: 7358:According to an article published in the 7116: 7022:Iranian protests against compulsory hijab 6289:) and marital rape is controversial. The 6281:The relationship between some religions ( 6272:Appellate Committee of the House of Lords 5604:Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War 5502: 4861:United Nations Development Fund for Women 82:Learn how and when to remove this message 23507:Social determinants of health in poverty 21765:Effects of domestic violence on children 21334:) is being considered for deletion. See 20677: 19912: 19750:. New York: Routledge. pp. 81–118. 19546:(AWID). 28 November 2013. 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June 2010 12711: 12280: 11858: 11404: 11378: 11353: 11322: 11053:"Ethics guide – Slavery: Modern slavery" 10839: 10671: 10516: 10369:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 10214: 10130: 9827: 9659: 9495:United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 8638: 8451: 8328: 8182: 8180: 8178: 7771: 7768:Poster against child and forced marriage 7763: 7735: 7682: 7663: 7655: 7402: 7120: 6990: 6869: 6856:Forced sterilization and forced abortion 6765: 6720: 6606: 6518: 6510: 6440: 6432: 6424: 6338: 6323: 6069: 6052:, violence related to female premarital 5988: 5946: 5885: 5861: 5816: 5710: 5541: 5523: 5431: 5238:'Violence in institutional environments' 5221:. The Gender Equality Commission of the 3596:Discrimination against transgender women 989:Social determinants of health in poverty 93: 20541:Indiana University Maurer School of Law 20532:Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 20524: 20130: 20081: 19913:Beletsky, Leo; et al. 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Sveriges Sociologförbund : 61–70. 8445: 8374: 8139:Impact of prostitution on mental health 7882:Lack of awareness of the existing laws: 7652:Activism against violence against women 6780:Women in some cultures are forced into 6394:Witch trials in the early modern period 5777:Violence related to acquiring a partner 5657:had killed over 150 women and girls in 5211:Witch trials in the early modern period 4857:Secretary-General of the United Nations 14: 25175: 22786:Complex post-traumatic stress disorder 22047:Domestic violence in Christian culture 21238: 21190: 21171: 21137:African Journal of Reproductive Health 21047: 20806: 20730:from the original on 12 December 2013. 20712: 20446:African Journal of Reproductive Health 20423: 19850: 19458: 19439:Official Journal of the European Union 19138: 18945: 18833: 18499: 17770:South African Medical Research Council 17684:American Political Science Association 17634: 17394: 17325: 17296: 17294: 16905: 16851: 16496: 16119:Inter-Parliamentary Union Issues Brief 16050: 15134:European Institute for Gender Equality 15004:(CEDAW). CEDAW/C/GC/35. Archived from 14758:Grace KT, Anderson JC (October 2018). 14513:, Population Association (Turkey) and 14502: 14132: 14043: 13379: 13375: 13373: 13371: 13079:South African Medical Research Council 12570: 12420: 12317: 12151: 11565: 11229:"Tanzania: Child Marriage Harms Girls" 11086: 10930: 10895:one of the directors the documentary " 10271: 10245: 10186: 9988: 9867:Japan Focus (The Asia-Pacific Journal) 9628: 9474: 9358:Myhill, Andy; Allen, Jonathan (2002). 9145:Dziech, Billie Wright; Weiner, Linda. 9056:Carol Hagemann-White (February 2014). 8824: 8746: 8480: 8335:Pornography, sex work, and hate speech 7054: 6145:(2013) have canvassed a series of new 5447:. In pre-modern Korea, women from the 23231: 22900: 22523: 21406: 21380: 21104: 21011: 20893: 20846: 20771:Against Our Will: Men, Women and Rape 20718:"Convincing other cultures to change" 20404: 20337: 20032: 19920:Pan American Journal of Public Health 19770: 19674:. Bangladesh Legal Aid Services Trust 19360: 19305:. A Safety Program Report. New York: 19226: 18717: 18442:Calgary Herald and Regina Leader Post 18435: 18311: 18194: 17879:University of Pennsylvania Law Review 17689: 17415: 17116:"cyber violence report press release" 16816: 16425: 16344:"Violence against female politicians" 16319:"Violence Against Female Politicians" 15985: 15955:"Women's transport: Solutions needed" 15358:Goldberg, Justin (14 November 2012). 13826: 13665: 13601: 13557: 13350:Female genital mutilation (factsheet) 13211: 13044: 12847:. Pearson Education. pp. 52–53. 12837: 12323: 12281:Anderson, Michelle J. (6 June 2016), 11902:"Lesbian partner violence fact sheet" 11704:"France's leading women show the way" 11161:"Ethiopia: Surviving forced marriage" 10710:and held in Sydney 7–8 December 2000. 10457: 9922:. New York: Free Press. p. 316. 9861:Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (1 March 2007). 8878: 8417: 8175: 7889:Challenges in making a case in court: 7821:Second order sexual harassment (SOSH) 7687:Protest to end violence against women 7470:University of Pennsylvania Law Review 6268:The History of the Pleas of the Crown 5706: 5513: 5439:women from outcast or slave families. 622:Prosecution of gender-targeted crimes 25157: 24197:Capital punishment for homosexuality 23512:Social determinants of mental health 22052:Domestic violence in Islamic culture 21502:Sexual violence by intimate partners 21219: 21064:American Anthropological Association 20317:. New Haven: Yale University Press. 20232:. Dordrecht: Springer. p. 107. 19711: 19259: 18891:Christensen, Jen (16 January 2019). 18884: 18409: 18387:. U.S. Census Bureau. 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Expanding 6491: 6416:Non-intimate partner family violence 5771: 5655:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 5635:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 5108: 1703:Capital punishment for homosexuality 994:Social determinants of mental health 38: 27:Violent acts against women and girls 24317:Genital modification and mutilation 21482:Genital modification and mutilation 21194:Why female genital cutting persist? 20307: 19628: 19507: 19292: 18493: 17899:World report on violence and health 17291: 16621: 15924: 15560:Antelava, Natalia (12 April 2012). 15158: 14726: 14693: 14677:10.1111/j.1523-536X.1997.00121.pp.x 14628:. WHO/FRH/MSM/96.24. Archived from 14614: 14479:"'Honour' crime defiance in Turkey" 14342: 14075: 13759: 13368: 13343: 12931:"Sons arrested in sati death probe" 12874: 12057: 11734:. Women in World History Curriculum 11667: 11385:. 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UN General Assembly. 12 July 1993 8530:, General Recommendations 12 and 19 8377:"Gender-bias hate crimes: a review" 8119:Sexual assault in the U.S. military 7509: 7294:United Nations Broadband Commission 7203: 7151:women's participation in government 6823:Slave breeding in the United States 6791: 4929:is often used interchangeably with 1823:Genital modification and mutilation 24: 23257: 22478:National Domestic Violence Hotline 20681:Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs 20279:10.1111/j.1748-720X.2002.tb00425.x 19608:"Hungary law 'fails rape victims'" 19574: 18834:Apsani, Rishita (1 October 2018). 18109: 17739:. 21 November 2011. Archived from 17500: 16065:. Associated Press. Archived from 16051:Jamali, Hasan (21 November 2006). 15591:Forced sterilisation in Uzbekistan 15472: 15215:Volscho, Thomas W. (Spring 2010). 13827:Smith, Alex Duval (1 March 2009). 13793:LaFraniere, Sharon (4 July 2007). 13580:Richards, Kimberly (3 June 2015). 13244:Sarwary, Bilal (30 January 2012). 13212:Staff, P. 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United Nations General Assembly 7975:History of violence against women 7560:violence against indigenous women 7460:and traffic accidents combined." 6987:Women-specific state restrictions 6683: 5932: 18:Physical aggression towards women 25156: 25147: 25146: 24796:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 24633:Law for Protection of the Nation 24533:White genocide conspiracy theory 22981: 22943:Democratic Republic of the Congo 20957:10.1111/j.1728-4465.1999.00219.x 20635: 20587: 20563: 20518: 20490: 20417: 20398: 20384: 20331: 20301: 20248: 20106:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.02051.x 19961: 19929:Pan American Health Organization 19872: 19844: 19795: 19764: 19735: 19652: 19562: 19452: 19427: 19413: 19388: 19366:"Take action to Orange your day" 19328: 19286: 19253: 19096: 19055: 18910: 18827: 18671: 18622: 18573: 18519: 18500:Willis, Jay (13 December 2019). 18455: 18410:Cook, Andrea J. 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H. (2003). 10672:Dussuyer, Inez (December 2000). 9912:"Palestinians/prostituted women" 9257:10.1111/j.1471-6402.2004.00149.x 9037:. Council of Europe. 11 May 2021 8639:Richters, J.M. Annemiek (1994). 8520:from the original on 10 May 2015 8352:Gerstenfeld, Phyllis B. (2013). 8311:Sexual and Gender-based Violence 8165:, Chowdhury, Rumman, UNESCO. 8150: 7969:International protection regimes 7325: 7279: 7083:Sex crimes such as adultery and 7075:motor vehicles until June 2018. 6838:forced continuation of pregnancy 6762:Restrictions around menstruation 6625: 6593:, is the act of lengthening the 6569:Blue Cross Blue Shield Insurance 6210:Intimate partner sexual violence 6139:American Psychiatric Association 6124:Pan American Health Organization 5764:that takes place as a result of 5257: 5250:'Killings in the name of honour' 4796:sexual and gender-based violence 4740: 4272:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3606:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 2722: 2314:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 2143:Law for Protection of the Nation 2037:White genocide conspiracy theory 719: 43: 32:Violence Against Women (journal) 24638:MSM blood donation restrictions 24386:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 21815:Management of domestic violence 21699:Domestic violence and pregnancy 21530:Domestic violence and pregnancy 21191:Wagner, Natascha (March 2013). 20742:Social Science Research Network 20671: 19937:10.1590/s1020-49892012000500008 19629:Moy, Patsy (23 November 2003). 19337:"Ending violence against women" 18629:Freedman, Jane (January 2016). 18436:Milke, Mark (12 January 2013). 18258:"Violence against native women" 17635:Maffly, Brian (21 March 2009). 15993:Thomson Reuters Foundation News 15864:Resources for Feminist Research 15277:Rock Center with Brian Williams 15188:United Nations General Assembly 15095:Hosenball, Mark (6 June 2013). 14425:Donald, Alice; Bishop, Hilary. 14285:United Nations General Assembly 12175:. 48 (First Serie (1): 85–107. 11748: 11655: 11621: 11589: 11559: 11550: 11521: 11477: 11398: 11347: 11316: 11281: 11247: 11159:Gena, Alem (23 February 2007). 11124: 11039: 10858: 10833: 10797: 10777:Swanson, Jordan (Spring 2002). 10770: 10750:"Corrosive poisons: vitriolage" 10741: 10713: 10665: 10585: 10559: 10541:"Stop renewed attacks on women" 10533: 10510: 10451: 10382: 10353: 10327: 10291: 10265: 10239: 10208: 10180: 10168:(in Swedish). 23 September 2014 10152: 10131:Susskind, Yifat (3 July 2014). 10124: 10014: 9982: 9957:United Nations Security Council 9936: 9900: 9885: 9854: 9821: 9792: 9766: 9740: 9718: 9670: 9619: 9538: 9501: 9396: 9344:Australian Bureau of Statistics 9217: 9139: 9090:. Council of Europe. p. 48 9072: 9023: 8997: 8968: 8901: 8789: 8740: 8718: 8667: 8632: 8600: 8578: 8556: 8533: 8502: 7999:Organization of American States 7809:(such as the directive against 7491: 7376:sector. A health issue such as 7026:September 2022 Iranian protests 6939:European Court for Human Rights 6734:Domestic violence and pregnancy 5993:Anti-domestic violence sign in 5402: 5384:with 4.9 per 100,000 people in 5380:and 91.6 per 100,000 people in 5059:Organization of American States 4937:is used together with the term 4899:United Nations General Assembly 2148:MSM blood donation restrictions 1892:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 24651:(as religious or racial quota) 21285:Journal of Marriage and Family 21051:Medical Anthropology Quarterly 20549:10.2979/indjglolegstu.18.1.121 20525:Spieler, Paula (Winter 2011). 20424:Doubek, James (9 March 2020). 18596:/Europe: 26–29. Archived from 17602:10.1080/10437797.2003.10779132 16985:Wenner Moyer, Melinda (2021). 16957:"The plight of women soldiers" 16955:Benedict, Helen (6 May 2009). 16906:Newsom, John (22 March 1992). 16518:Vaughan, Kevin (9 June 2009). 15814: 15668:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. 15364:Center for Reproductive Rights 15231:Johns Hopkins University Press 15035:inhuman or degrading treatment 14515:United Nations Population Fund 13986:"Ethics guide – Honour crimes" 13613:United Nations Population Fund 12889:10.1080/12259276.1999.11665854 12660:. 22 July 2011. Archived from 12352:Sexual assault in Canada, 2004 9799:Washington, Harold C. (2004). 8423: 8333:. In Maschke, Karen J. (ed.). 8316: 8304: 8243: 7798:Sustainable Development Goal 5 7541:a forced sterilization program 7448:. Abuse related to payment of 7308: 6889:prohibits forced abortion and 6527:road sign, Bakau, Gambia, 2005 5979:Violence within a relationship 5661:who refused to participate in 5651:Iraqi Ministry of Human Rights 5445:Intergenerational prostitution 4704:Women's suffrage organizations 2161:(as religious or racial quota) 13: 1: 25065:Second-generation gender bias 24781:Constitutional colorblindness 23502:Social determinants of health 22567:Adverse childhood experiences 22435:Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 22343:What's Love Got to Do with It 21775:Parental bullying of children 21755:Adverse childhood experiences 21694:Domestic violence against men 21323: 21259:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60508-X 20792:. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. 18473:National Institute of Justice 18007:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08221-1 17951:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11133-0 17873:Deborah, Tuerkheimer (2017). 17823:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08251-X 17381:International Press Institute 17301:Dr. Rumman Chowdhury (2023). 17118:. UN Women. 24 September 2015 16297:10.1080/17457289.2020.1824186 16233:, Routledge, pp. 60–77, 14427:"World agenda: what justice?" 14013:"Definition of honor killing" 13733:. In Popenoe, Rebecca (ed.). 13700:Women and China's Revolutions 11757:"Social values and attitudes" 10842:Encyclopaedia of Muslim world 9678:"This Road Leads to Sex Work" 9643:University of Minnesota Press 9240:Psychology of Women Quarterly 9011:. African Union. 11 July 2003 8799:Economic and Political Weekly 8381:Hate and bias crime: a reader 8329:Angelari, Marguerite (1997). 8168: 7465:National Institute of Justice 6429:India's child sex ratio, 2011 6084:Who loves well, punishes well 5633:According to one report, the 5201:. Many forms of VAW, such as 4875: 2591:Second-generation gender bias 2299:Constitutional colorblindness 984:Social determinants of health 567:International legal framework 21739:Social emotional development 20832:10.1080/1461670X.2012.657907 20199:10.1097/QAI.0b013e318160d5ae 20007:10.1371/journal.pone.0019048 19851:Travis, Alan (17 May 2016). 18725:Transgender Victimization". 17772:. April 2012. Archived from 17157:10.1080/10304312.2014.924479 16323:Council on Foreign Relations 16231:Building Inclusive Elections 14764:Trauma, Violence & Abuse 13662:", retrieved on 18 June 2008 12692:Internet Sacred Text Archive 12623:"1 corinthians 7:3-7:5 NKJV" 12283:"Marital Rape Laws Globally" 11710:. Paris Voice. November 1997 10783:Harvard Health Policy Review 9412:American Medical Association 9170:, 2002), Chapter 6, pp. 149. 8129:Violence against LGBT people 7957:Intervention versus autonomy 7813:, and the directive against 7760:Levels of activist movements 7678:École Polytechnique massacre 7615:Violence against LGBT people 7498:Estimates of sexual violence 7243:In the wake of the reporter 7194: 7078: 6956:I.G. and Others vs. Slovakia 6496: 6331:(a Hindu practice whereby a 6090:Women are more likely to be 5413:Violence against prostitutes 5147:online gender-based violence 4806:acts primarily committed by 4689:Suffragists and suffragettes 4619:American feminist literature 662:Violence against LGBT people 536:Online gender-based violence 232:Violence against prostitutes 7: 24976:Medical model of disability 24828:Hate speech laws by country 22393:Contemporary Family Therapy 21642:Passive-aggressive behavior 21555:Situational couple violence 20906:University of Chicago Press 20769:Brownmiller, Susan (1975). 20698:10.1080/1360200042000212124 20155:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2238 19309:. p. 2. Archived from 18958:University of Chicago Press 18635:Reproductive Health Matters 18535:Reproductive Health Matters 17551:10.5175/JSWE.2005.200400418 16817:Curry, Timothy Jon (1991). 16747:10.1177/1077801296002002004 16596:University of South Alabama 16372:Bardall, Gabrielle (2011). 15023:criminalisation of abortion 14558:. Date of Information: 2010 12809:. In Owen, Margaret (ed.). 12239:A research agenda for DSM-V 11572:"Corporal Punishment" 11471:. Full text available here 10641:10.1177/1088767999003004003 10517:Grozelle, Renee S. (2015). 9894:Looting and Rape in Wartime 8379:. In Perry, Barbara (ed.). 8060: 8036:monitoring framework". The 7992: 7645: 7255: 7129: 6999:beating an Afghan woman in 6899:racism in the United States 6421:Infanticide and abandonment 6179:Marital Relational Disorder 6065: 5616:Rape during the Bosnian War 5532:and His Share of the Spoils 5241:'Female genital mutilation' 4833:, and can take many forms. 3929:Views on transgender topics 3919:Views on sexual orientation 2502:Medical model of disability 2346:Hate speech laws by country 10: 25214: 25085:Social model of disability 23557:Discrimination against men 21805:Domestic violence hotlines 21729:Parental abuse by children 21172:Skaine, Rosemarie (2005). 20940:Studies in Family Planning 19022:Cambridge University Press 18227:Perreault, Samuel (2011). 18195:Sinha, Maire, ed. (2006). 17040:U.S. Department of Defense 16910:. Los Angeles Times Online 16826:Sociology of Sport Journal 16699:10.1177/019372395019002002 16497:Palmer, Catherine (2011). 15998:Thomson Reuters Foundation 15925:Lee, Dave (29 June 2011). 15068:"Jailed for a miscarriage" 13855:Ed Butler (21 July 2016). 13525:Kinnear, Karen L. (2011). 13488:10.1162/152651603766436324 13068:Ally, Yaseen (June 2009). 13010:Ireland, Patricia (1996). 12423:Rape and the legal process 11556:R. v. Jackson . 1 Q.B. 671 11302:10.15495/EPub_UBT_00004910 10599:. Stalking Resource Center 9963:S/1997/729. Archived from 9896:, Univ Of Pennsylvania Pre 9371:Findings No. 159. London: 8145: 8016: 7972: 7649: 7636:domestic violence shelters 7612: 7527:, in the 1990s. President 7495: 7481:U.S. Department of Justice 7207: 7112:Violence in specific areas 6995:A member of the Taliban's 6859: 6795: 6773: 6731: 6717:Pregnancy-related violence 6661: 6629: 6500: 6354: 6320:Widowhood related violence 6221: 6207: 5999: 5982: 5936: 5855: 5849: 5801:mobs targeted single women 5780: 5718: 5517: 5506: 5406: 5330: 5232:'Rape and sexual violence' 5019:General Recommendation 19 4839:interpersonal relationship 2611:Social model of disability 1039:Discrimination against men 202:Sexual violence statistics 29: 25142: 24881: 24758: 24551: 24438:Opposition to immigration 24162: 23802: 23649: 23409: 23359:Race / Ethnicity 23296: 23265: 23204: 23178: 23117: 23056: 22990: 22979: 22935: 22776:Abusive power and control 22758: 22557: 22549: 22496: 22455: 22384: 22352: 22243: 22206:The Conspiracy of Silence 22190: 22183: 22123: 22067: 22060: 22039: 21833: 21797: 21785:Stress in early childhood 21747: 21709:Intimate partner violence 21681: 21674: 21622:Major depressive disorder 21563: 21510: 21472: 21465: 21432:Abusive power and control 21414: 21072:10.1525/maq.2003.17.2.135 21033:10.1080/14616740500284391 19746:. In Narayan, Uma (ed.). 19159:10.1080/13552070601179144 19030:10.1017/S0003055412000226 18809:World Health Organization 18648:10.1016/j.rhm.2016.05.003 18551:10.1016/j.rhm.2016.05.003 18215:Brennan, Shannon (2011). 17904:World Health Organization 17711:10.1177/10778012221079373 17226:Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 16174:10.1017/S1537592719001397 15649:Syracuse University Press 15643:Milani, Farzaneh (1992). 14741:World Health Organization 14707:World Health Organization 14626:World Health Organization 14593:10.2478/s11536-008-0008-z 14317:Ghanizada (9 June 2013). 13729:Popenoe, Rebecca (2004). 13698:Hershatter, Gail (2019). 13355:World Health Organization 12069:World Health Organization 11438:The Virginia Law Register 10996:and the Virtue Foundation 10752:. In Vig, Krishan (ed.). 10437:World Health Organization 9776:. Uri.edu. Archived from 9168:World Health Organization 9126:World Health Organization 8847:10.1080/13552070601179144 8375:McPhail, Beverly (2003). 8012: 7983: 7953:committed against women. 7864:female genital mutilation 7622:, especially transgender 7430:Female genital mutilation 7382:World Health Organization 7370:violation of human rights 7274: 7218: 6533:World Health Organization 6503:Female genital mutilation 6314:abusive power and control 6203: 6096:intimate partner violence 5985:Intimate partner violence 5680:and Buddhist militias of 5676:, along with the Myanmar 5553:. 8 August 1945. A young 5308:Adolescence and adulthood 5264:World Health Organization 5163:female genital mutilation 4720:Women's rights by country 3626:Female genital mutilation 1944:Opposition to immigration 833:Race / Ethnicity 521:Intimate partner violence 414:Female genital mutilation 192:Causes of sexual violence 24433:Occupational segregation 24202:Compulsory sterilization 22851:Psychological projection 22713:Referee and umpire abuse 22414:Journal of Family Issues 21545:Murder of pregnant women 21336:templates for discussion 21123:Seftaoui, Jamila (2009) 21105:Miles, Rosalind (1988). 19822:10.1177/0886260506291653 19636:South China Morning Post 19508:NRK (30 November 2013). 19477:10.1177/1077801220975495 19307:Ms. Foundation for Women 19142:Gender & Development 18739:10.1177/0886260514556767 17477:10.1177/0032321719881812 17428:Harvard University Press 17188:Filipovic, Jill (2007). 16161:Perspectives on Politics 15746:(in German). 15 May 2019 14776:10.1177/1524838016663935 14532:11 November 2012 at the 14408:sanctuaryforfamilies.org 14255:, Violence Against Women 13442:Sex & social justice 13328:End FGM European Network 13188:"In a Chinese Orphanage" 12964:Farm Radio International 12386:SIECCAN (October 2011). 12025:Ministère de l'Intérieur 11528:Calvert, Robert (1974). 11195:Pathfinder International 10659:23 December 2017 at the 9545:Lievore, Denise (2003). 9194:Elsevier Health Sciences 8908:CEDAW Committee (1992). 8827:Gender & Development 8676:Gender & Development 8211:10.1136/jech.2004.022756 8189:"Violence against women" 8099:Misogyny in horror films 7965:with their perpetrator. 7860:Lack of criminalization: 7676:, of the victims of the 7104:or being the victims of 7016:, since 1981, after the 7007: 6813:, including by means of 6297:, which is considered a 5054:Belém do Pará Convention 4725:Feminists by nationality 4699:Women's studies journals 4694:Women's rights activists 3412:Movements and ideologies 1939:Occupational segregation 1708:Compulsory sterilization 25198:Gender-related violence 24961:Internalized oppression 24823:Fighting Discrimination 24813:Fat acceptance movement 24771:Anti-discrimination law 24411:Native American mascots 22509:Domestic violence court 22329:Sleeping with the Enemy 19780:. Geneva, Switzerland: 19270:(IHEID). Archived from 19237:(IHEID). Archived from 19115:UPR, Rio Piedras Campus 18918:"Activism (definition)" 18526:Freedman, Jane (2017). 18287:Ramirez, Renya (2004). 17902:. Geneva, Switzerland: 17419:Health and Human Rights 16789:. New York: Doubleday. 16622:Mak, Stephanie (2004). 16587:College Student Journal 16239:10.4324/9781003051954-4 16088:katharina.kiener-manu. 15620:Ramezani, Reza (2010). 15384:Boesten, Jelke (2007). 14550:8 November 2012 at the 12805:Owen, Margaret (1996). 12609:20 October 2013 at the 12579:University of Osnabrück 12571:Kieler, Marita (2003). 12324:Grady, William (2011). 12129:4 February 2016 at the 11879:10.1177/107780102237967 11582:Encyclopædia Britannica 10904:CBC (28 October 2012). 10702:Paper presented at the 10097:Original Arabic version 8282:10.1196/annals.1385.024 8004: 7920:Accessibility of police 7632:transgender sex workers 7600:Immigrants and refugees 7537:crimes against humanity 7361:Health and Human Rights 7189:intersecting identities 6726:Maternal Mortality Rate 6664:Sexual rites of passage 6658:Sexual initiation rites 6602: 5674:Armed Forces of Myanmar 5626:recognized rape in the 5520:Wartime sexual violence 4113:International relations 2974:Intersectional variants 2487:Internalized oppression 2341:Fighting Discrimination 2331:Fat acceptance movement 2289:Anti-discrimination law 1917:Native American mascots 373:Secondary victimisation 197:Child sexual initiation 184:Sexual assault and rape 25183:Violence against women 25080:Social identity threat 25053:Reverse discrimination 25043:Racial color blindness 24523:Violence against women 24503:Sex-selective abortion 22928:Violence against women 22504:Battered woman defense 22442:Violence Against Women 21825:Prevention initiatives 21734:Same-sex relationships 21492:Birth control sabotage 21437:Conflict tactics scale 21350:Violence against women 21341:Violence against women 21109:. Three Rivers Press. 19465:Violence Against Women 19459:Flecha, Ramón (2021). 18685:(Report). p. 11. 17699:Violence Against Women 16729:Violence Against Women 15647:, Syracuse, New York: 15328:ERRC (November 2016). 14556:The CIA World Factbook 14223:University of Calabria 13881:Anderson, E-L (2015). 12779:. 2016. Archived from 12181:10.3366/scot.2004.0043 12064:Violence against women 11862:Violence Against Women 11836:. 2006. Archived from 11761:Spain: a country study 11567:Renton, Alexander Wood 11534:Violence in the family 10593:"Stalking information" 8883:. Geneva, Switzerland. 8747:Ertürk, Yakin (2009). 8094:Military sexual trauma 7963:freedom of association 7935:women's police station 7781: 7769: 7752: 7745:violence against women 7692:Background and history 7688: 7680: 7661: 7596:its progress stalled. 7126: 7117:Male-dominated spheres 7004: 6934:sterilizing Roma women 6921:operations performed. 6875: 6771: 6729: 6616: 6585:, also referred to as 6528: 6516: 6458:Sex-selective abortion 6450: 6438: 6437:Birth sex ratios, 2012 6430: 6352: 6336: 6087: 5997: 5955: 5902: 5883: 5826: 5743: 5716: 5566: 5559:Imperial Japanese Army 5557:woman from one of the 5539: 5503:Forced sexual services 5440: 5139:prenatal sex selection 4931:violence against women 4920:In addition, the term 4873: 4784:Violence against women 4639:Conservative feminisms 3894:Bicycling and feminism 3870:Women in the workforce 3838:Violence against women 3813:Sexual objectification 3773:Opposition to feminism 3030:Vegetarian ecofeminism 2606:Social identity threat 2579:Reverse discrimination 2569:Racial color blindness 2028:Violence against women 2009:Sex-selective abortion 657:Violence against women 117:Violence against women 99: 25048:Religious intolerance 25008:Political correctness 24838:Intersex human rights 24786:Cultural assimilation 24468:Religious persecution 24232:Disability hate crime 24017:Jewish / Antisemitism 22821:Just-world hypothesis 22572:Anti-social behaviour 21497:Reproductive coercion 21220:True, Jacqui (2012). 20979:Public Health Reports 20773:. Fawcett Columbine. 20716:(21 September 2010). 20714:Appiah, Kwame Anthony 20598:. Conventions.coe.int 19893:. Philadelphia. NPR. 19742:Narayan, Uma (1997). 19592:Amnesty International 18878:Human Rights Campaign 18840:California Law Review 18783:10.1300/J485v08n02_07 18235:Catalogue no. 85-002. 18223:Catalogue no. 85-002. 17642:The Salt Lake Tribune 17238:10.1515/lpp-2018-0003 17166:1959.4/unsworks_81563 15482:Amnesty International 13887:. Palgrave MacMillan. 13760:Fan (3 August 2012). 11607:Amnesty International 10893:Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy 10748:Vig, Krishan (2014). 9946:(18 September 1997). 9455:. 293. Archived from 9410:. Chicago, Illinois: 8753:Sociologisk Forskning 7973:Further information: 7775: 7767: 7739: 7686: 7667: 7659: 7551:), in the name of a " 7463:A 2007 survey by the 7434:Marriage by abduction 7403:Prevalence and extent 7292:, as reported by the 7210:Campus sexual assault 7208:Further information: 7124: 6994: 6915:Puerto Rican-American 6873: 6769: 6752:Reproductive coercion 6738:Reproductive coercion 6724: 6610: 6522: 6514: 6444: 6436: 6428: 6342: 6327: 6222:Further information: 6074:An illustration from 6073: 6050:marriage by abduction 6006:Criticism of marriage 5992: 5951:Anti-dowry poster in 5950: 5889: 5865: 5820: 5739: 5714: 5545: 5527: 5492:Le Monde diplomatique 5435: 5368:it is referred to as 5167:marriage by abduction 5131:reproductive coercion 4989:gender-based violence 4927:Gender-based violence 4922:gender-based violence 4865: 4792:gender-based violence 4669:Feminist rhetoricians 4659:Feminist philosophers 4211:Revisionist mythology 3914:Views on prostitution 3899:Criticism of marriage 3589:Children's literature 2574:Religious intolerance 2534:Political correctness 2356:Intersex human rights 2304:Cultural assimilation 1974:Religious persecution 1738:Disability hate crime 1515:Jewish / Antisemitism 531:Marry-your-rapist law 526:Marriage by abduction 383:Virgin cleansing myth 97: 30:For the journal, see 24453:Political repression 23462:Anti-left handedness 23452:Anti-intellectualism 23043:United Arab Emirates 22856:Psychological trauma 22301:Looking for Angelina 20824:Taylor & Francis 20808:Durham, Meenakshi G. 20751:10.2139/ssrn.2280086 20594:Bureau des Traités. 19774:(18 February 2013). 19688:Agence France-Presse 18805:"Transgender people" 16401:Journal of Democracy 15523:Hawk, David (2012). 15403:10.18352/erlacs.9637 14352:Latin Business Today 14275:UN Secretary-General 13961:on 30 September 2017 13254:. Kabul, Afghanistan 12241:. Washington, D.C.: 12139:8 April 2015 at the 12061:(1 September 2011). 11326:(24 December 2012). 10821:on 22 September 2007 10807:(12 November 2000). 10392:(15 November 2000). 10218:(17 December 2014). 10002:on 26 September 2006 9334:(7 September 2004). 8766:10.37062/sf.46.19221 8134:Violence against men 7531:has been accused of 7410:developing countries 7085:sex outside marriage 6891:forced sterilization 6879:Forced sterilization 6862:Forced sterilization 6295:sex outside marriage 6228:Teen dating violence 6147:Relational disorders 5672:(2016–present), the 5203:trafficking in women 5187:forced sterilization 4649:Feminist art critics 4624:Feminist comic books 4581:Lists and categories 4260:By continent/country 4091:Pathways perspective 3974:Gender mainstreaming 3909:Views on pornography 3818:Substantive equality 3798:Reproductive justice 3748:Matriarchal religion 3601:Diversity (politics) 3537:Political lesbianism 2847:Other women's rights 1959:Political repression 944:Anti-left handedness 934:Anti-intellectualism 516:Forced sterilisation 212:Cybersex trafficking 25193:Feminism and health 24956:Historical eugenics 24493:Segregation academy 24473:Religious terrorism 24262:Enemy of the people 24170:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 23689:Jehovah's Witnesses 23582:Perpetual foreigner 22766:Abusive supervision 22693:Psychological abuse 22668:Institutional abuse 22213:Defending Our Lives 22100:Nicola Graham-Kevan 21770:Narcissistic parent 21597:Emotional blackmail 20655:on 21 February 2015 19998:2011PLoSO...619048S 19690:(4 February 2013). 19520:on 13 December 2013 19376:on 20 December 2013 19274:on 13 November 2018 19074:Stanford Law School 19065:Stanford Law Review 18922:merriam-webster.com 18848:10.15779/Z38125Q91G 18815:on 27 November 2015 18616:19 May 2019 at the 18600:on 27 November 2020 18391:on 13 February 2020 17743:on 18 February 2015 17649:on 2 February 2010. 17287:. 10 December 2018. 16838:10.1123/ssj.8.2.119 16660:on 17 November 2016 16634:on 29 February 2012 16507:on 6 November 2014. 16350:. 21 September 2023 16206:. 18 September 2023 15890:UN General Assembly 15602:. 20:30 minutes in 15596:Crossing Continents 15011:on 20 February 2019 14632:on 26 December 2011 14414:on 16 October 2014. 14358:on 14 February 2015 14017:merriam-webster.com 13679:. BBC. 7 April 2017 13416:on 21 October 2014. 12939:. 21 September 2006 12783:on 30 December 2018 12451:irishstatutebook.ie 11840:on 11 February 2007 11732:womeninworldhistory 11726:The Wife is Obliged 11485:Blackstone, William 11364:on 28 December 2017 11025:on 19 December 2013 10918:on 19 December 2013 10793:on 17 January 2006. 10573:on 3 September 2011 10498:on 3 September 2011 10305:The Washington Post 10034:Inter Press Service 9892:Inal, Tuba (2016), 9830:"Why soldiers rape" 9635:Cho, Grace (2008). 9522:10.5204/ijcjsd.1851 9462:on 18 February 2011 9382:on 18 February 2011 8490:. Council of Europe 8274:2006NYASA1087..178R 8019:Istanbul Convention 7914:gender stereotyping 7831:UN General Assembly 7796:The United Nations 7061:freedom of movement 7055:Freedom of movement 7024:continued into the 6887:Istanbul Convention 6756:reproductive health 6577:Istanbul Convention 6017:corporal punishment 5874:for the purpose of 5758:Forced prostitution 5725:Forced prostitution 5678:Border Guard Police 5653:announced that the 5235:'Sexual harassment' 5207:forced prostitution 5090:Istanbul Convention 5001: 4747:Feminism portal 4654:Feminist economists 4644:Ecofeminist authors 4449:Trinidad and Tobago 4389:Republic of Ireland 4081:Composition studies 3848:Women's empowerment 3803:Sex workers' rights 3728:Feminist capitalism 3708:Internalized sexism 3641:Feminism in culture 2749:History of feminism 2482:Historical eugenics 1999:Segregation academy 1979:Religious terrorism 1768:Enemy of the people 1676:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 1179:Jehovah's Witnesses 1064:Perpetual foreigner 207:Forced prostitution 24868:Social integration 24863:Self-determination 24853:Racial integration 24801:Diversity training 24791:Cultural pluralism 24766:Affirmative action 24666:Racial segregation 24576:Crime of apartheid 24478:Religious violence 23981:Indigenous people 23386:Sexual orientation 22846:Playing the victim 22738:Surveillance abuse 22688:Professional abuse 22609:Cruelty to animals 22468:ManKind Initiative 22315:One Minute to Nine 22308:Once Were Warriors 22075:Jacquelyn Campbell 21647:Setting up to fail 21637:Narcissistic abuse 21098:9 May 2013 at the 21025:Taylor and Francis 20816:Journalism Studies 20812:The New York Times 20690:Taylor and Francis 20411:The New York Times 20341:Harvard Law Review 20040:Health & Place 19344:Population Reports 19316:on 6 December 2013 19151:Taylor and Francis 18543:Taylor and Francis 18416:Rapid City Journal 18333:on 15 January 2020 18174:Al Jazeera America 17671:WomanStats Project 17590:Taylor and Francis 17539:Taylor and Francis 17269:. 28 October 2019. 17267:Human Rights Watch 17149:Taylor and Francis 16992:The New York Times 16069:on 19 October 2013 16004:on 25 January 2016 15288:on 8 November 2011 15240:10.1353/wic.0.0053 15124:(24 August 2015). 14969:on 20 October 2017 14840:. 19 November 2016 14837:The Kathmandu Post 14120:on 8 November 2012 13800:The New York Times 13768:. Savage Mind via 13274:The Times of India 12664:on 29 October 2013 12455:Irish Statute Book 12096:. 11 October 2006. 11934:on 29 January 2010 11681:Taylor and Francis 11643:on 21 October 2012 11509:on 13 October 2014 11489:"Husband and wife" 11467:Also available at 11233:Human Rights Watch 10597:victimsofcrime.org 10547:on 23 January 2019 10472:on 12 January 2013 10341:. 16 November 2017 10078:The Egyptian Today 9990:Pillay, Navanethem 9752:The New York Times 9582:. 15 December 2011 9284:on 8 January 2013. 9224:Relevant citations 8956:. 20 December 1993 8835:Taylor and Francis 8684:Taylor and Francis 8406:Brownmiller (1975) 8262:Taylor and Francis 8029:Vienna Declaration 7782: 7770: 7753: 7741:Papua New Guineans 7689: 7681: 7662: 7267:The New York Times 7234:Commonwealth Games 7184:electoral violence 7140:political violence 7127: 7073:forbidden to drive 7018:Islamic Revolution 7005: 6950:N. B. vs. Slovakia 6944:V. C. vs. Slovakia 6876: 6772: 6743:Obstetric violence 6730: 6709:reduced sentence. 6617: 6529: 6517: 6462:medical technology 6451: 6439: 6431: 6408:) where belief in 6398:Sub-Saharan Africa 6357:Widow § Abuse 6353: 6337: 6251:self determination 6088: 5998: 5956: 5903: 5884: 5827: 5717: 5707:By criminal groups 5691:Human Rights Watch 5608:Pakistani military 5606:by members of the 5567: 5540: 5514:By military forces 5441: 5366:sexual intercourse 5362:sexual penetration 5244:'Forced marriages' 5143:obstetric violence 5135:female infanticide 4999: 4059:Literary criticism 3924:Views on sexuality 3611:Effects on society 3579:Complementarianism 3554:Women's liberation 3309:Religious variants 3283:trans-exclusionary 3001:Radical lesbianism 2386:Social integration 2381:Self-determination 2371:Racial integration 2319:Diversity training 2309:Cultural pluralism 2284:Affirmative action 2176:Racial segregation 2086:Crime of apartheid 1984:Religious violence 1479:Indigenous people 860:Sexual orientation 447:Narcissistic abuse 100: 62:You can assist by 25170: 25169: 25038:Racism by country 24966:Intersectionality 24951:Heteronormativity 24750:Voter suppression 24498:Sexual harassment 24297:Forced conversion 24217:Cultural genocide 23880:African Americans 23699:post–Cold War era 23684:Eastern Orthodoxy 23447:Anti-drug addicts 23442:Anti-homelessness 23369:Scientific racism 23225: 23224: 22894: 22893: 22871:Traumatic bonding 22517: 22516: 22451: 22450: 22179: 22178: 21793: 21792: 21670: 21669: 21457:Traumatic bonding 21447:Cycle of violence 21408:Domestic violence 21352:, a factsheet on 21062:on behalf of the 20878:978-0-8213-2980-1 19594:. EUR 27/002/2007 19550:on 19 August 2014 19471:(11): 1980–1999. 19423:. September 2002. 19106:Caribbean Studies 18854:on 10 August 2019 17921:Also available as 17705:(14): 3457–3481. 17596:(CSWE): 215–224. 17592:on behalf of the 17545:(CSWE): 147–159. 17541:on behalf of the 17465:Political Studies 17312:978-92-3-100631-9 16469:RTI International 16248:978-1-003-05195-4 15932:BBC World Service 15826:Abdelhadi, Magdi 15797:UN Refugee Agency 15567:BBC World Service 15476:(22 April 2010). 15170:Council of Europe 15162:(12 April 2011). 14584:Walter de Gruyter 14431:BBC World Service 14249:un.org/womenwatch 14110:WISE Muslim Women 14089:. Mumbai, India: 14079:(19 March 2011). 14070:Relevant articles 13931:. 2 February 2020 13709:978-1-4422-1568-9 13605:(December 2015). 13508:Project MUSE 13110:. 7 February 2013 12854:978-0-582-31738-3 12839:Peers, Douglas M. 12813:A world of widows 12749:. 22 January 2009 12494:The Daily Gazette 12304:978-0-19-023836-0 11670:"Women in France" 11609:. MDE 31/014/2009 11599:(November 2009). 11235:. 29 October 2014 11009:CASC (May 2010). 10523:Inquiries Journal 10459:McDougall, Gay J. 9780:on 2 October 2012 9706:. 14 January 2019 9155:978-0-8070-3100-1 9080:Thorbjørn Jagland 9005:"Maputo Protocol" 8696:10.1080/741922827 8078:Children's rights 8055:Council of Europe 8050:domestic violence 8033:Council of Europe 7951:domestic violence 7838:Legal enforcement 7815:human trafficking 7811:sexual harassment 7731:identity politics 7727:intersectionality 7620:Transgender women 7609:Transgender women 7515:Indigenous people 7386:domestic violence 7354:Effect on society 7168:women in politics 7043:issued a decree, 7003:on 26 August 2001 6786:menstrual periods 6694:arranged marriage 6492:Body modification 6371:widow inheritance 6361:Widow inheritance 6274:, in the case of 6264:England and Wales 6115:England and Wales 5890:Criticism of the 5772:Domestic violence 5721:Human trafficking 5670:Rohingya genocide 5350:Sexual harassment 5345:Sexual harassment 5324: 5323: 5223:Council of Europe 5185:during conflict, 5123:sexual harassment 5119:domestic violence 5109:Forms of violence 5106: 5105: 5095:Council of Europe 5045:20 December 1993 4887:Council of Europe 4863:(UNIFEM) website: 4790:), also known as 4781: 4780: 4732: 4731: 4251: 4250: 4241:womanist theology 4184:Political ecology 4015:Écriture féminine 3942: 3941: 3833:Triple oppression 3823:Toxic masculinity 3808:Sexual harassment 3668:Feminist stripper 3646:Feminist movement 3202: 3201: 3133:Africana womanism 2964: 2963: 2701: 2700: 2564:Racism by country 2492:Intersectionality 2477:Heteronormativity 2260:Voter suppression 2004:Sexual harassment 1803:Forced conversion 1723:Cultural genocide 1378:African Americans 1189:post–Cold War era 1174:Eastern Orthodoxy 929:Anti-drug addicts 924:Anti-homelessness 843:Scientific racism 698: 697: 553:Toxic masculinity 485:Droit du seigneur 462:Domestic violence 217:Human trafficking 92: 91: 84: 16:(Redirected from 25205: 25160: 25159: 25150: 25149: 25090:Social privilege 25075:Social exclusion 25003:Police brutality 24924:Multiculturalism 24894:Amatonormativity 24725:Social exclusion 24561:Age of candidacy 24361:Homeless dumping 24267:Ethnic cleansing 23252: 23245: 23238: 23229: 23228: 23205:Transcontinental 22985: 22921: 22914: 22907: 22898: 22897: 22733:Structural abuse 22708:Police brutality 22614:Disability abuse 22544: 22537: 22530: 22521: 22520: 22407:Family Relations 22375:The War on Women 22252:American Tragedy 22188: 22187: 22065: 22064: 21679: 21678: 21652:Silent treatment 21602:False accusation 21470: 21469: 21401: 21394: 21387: 21378: 21377: 21313: 21278: 21235: 21216: 21214: 21212: 21206: 21199: 21187: 21168: 21149:10.2307/30032459 21120: 21091: 21044: 21005: 20995: 20968: 20933: 20890: 20865:Republished as: 20864: 20843: 20803: 20784: 20762: 20731: 20709: 20665: 20664: 20662: 20660: 20654: 20647: 20639: 20633: 20632: 20630: 20628: 20614: 20608: 20607: 20605: 20603: 20596:"Liste complète" 20591: 20585: 20584: 20582: 20580: 20575: 20567: 20561: 20560: 20522: 20516: 20515: 20498:Tripp, Aili Mari 20494: 20488: 20487: 20469: 20440: 20434: 20433: 20421: 20415: 20414: 20402: 20396: 20395: 20388: 20382: 20381: 20335: 20329: 20328: 20305: 20299: 20298: 20252: 20246: 20243: 20220: 20210: 20176: 20166: 20127: 20117: 20078: 20068: 20029: 20019: 20009: 19965: 19959: 19958: 19948: 19910: 19899: 19898: 19876: 19870: 19869: 19867: 19865: 19848: 19842: 19841: 19799: 19793: 19792: 19790: 19788: 19768: 19762: 19761: 19739: 19733: 19730: 19728: 19726: 19708: 19706: 19704: 19683: 19681: 19679: 19673: 19656: 19650: 19647: 19645: 19643: 19625: 19623: 19621: 19603: 19601: 19599: 19566: 19560: 19559: 19557: 19555: 19536: 19530: 19529: 19527: 19525: 19516:. Archived from 19505: 19499: 19498: 19488: 19456: 19450: 19449: 19447: 19445: 19431: 19425: 19424: 19417: 19411: 19410: 19408: 19406: 19392: 19386: 19385: 19383: 19381: 19372:. Archived from 19358: 19352: 19351: 19341: 19332: 19326: 19325: 19323: 19321: 19315: 19304: 19290: 19284: 19283: 19281: 19279: 19257: 19251: 19250: 19248: 19246: 19224: 19215: 19214: 19192: 19179: 19178: 19136: 19127: 19126: 19100: 19094: 19093: 19059: 19053: 19049: 19007: 18986: 18985: 18943: 18937: 18936: 18934: 18932: 18914: 18908: 18907: 18905: 18903: 18888: 18882: 18881: 18870: 18864: 18863: 18861: 18859: 18850:. Archived from 18831: 18825: 18824: 18822: 18820: 18811:. Archived from 18801: 18795: 18794: 18765: 18759: 18758: 18721: 18715: 18714: 18708: 18699: 18690: 18689: 18684: 18675: 18669: 18668: 18650: 18626: 18620: 18609: 18607: 18605: 18577: 18571: 18570: 18532: 18523: 18517: 18516: 18514: 18512: 18497: 18491: 18483: 18481: 18479: 18470: 18459: 18453: 18452: 18450: 18448: 18433: 18427: 18426: 18424: 18422: 18407: 18401: 18400: 18398: 18396: 18381: 18375: 18374: 18372: 18370: 18353: 18347: 18346: 18340: 18338: 18332: 18325: 18315: 18309: 18308: 18284: 18278: 18277: 18253: 18240: 18234: 18222: 18205: 18203: 18192: 18186: 18185: 18183: 18181: 18164: 18158: 18157: 18155: 18153: 18136: 18130: 18129: 18127: 18125: 18119: 18107: 18101: 18100: 18098: 18096: 18079: 18073: 18069: 18067: 18065: 18033: 18027: 18026: 17984: 17975: 17970: 17917: 17893: 17887: 17886: 17870: 17864: 17863: 17861: 17852: 17843: 17842: 17800: 17789: 17788: 17786: 17784: 17778: 17767: 17759: 17753: 17752: 17750: 17748: 17729: 17723: 17722: 17693: 17687: 17681: 17679: 17677: 17668: 17657: 17651: 17650: 17645:. Archived from 17632: 17626: 17621: 17570: 17526: 17520: 17519: 17517: 17515: 17498: 17481: 17480: 17460: 17451: 17447: 17413: 17392: 17391: 17389: 17387: 17372: 17366: 17365: 17363: 17361: 17338: 17332: 17331: 17323: 17317: 17316: 17298: 17289: 17288: 17277: 17271: 17270: 17259: 17250: 17249: 17217: 17211: 17207: 17185: 17179: 17178: 17168: 17134: 17128: 17127: 17125: 17123: 17112: 17106: 17105: 17087: 17057: 17051: 17050: 17048: 17046: 17032: 17026: 17025: 17023: 17021: 17010: 17004: 17003: 17001: 16999: 16982: 16976: 16975: 16973: 16971: 16952: 16946: 16945: 16943: 16941: 16936:on 16 April 2012 16926: 16920: 16919: 16917: 16915: 16903: 16897: 16896: 16860: 16849: 16848: 16846: 16844: 16823: 16814: 16805: 16800: 16788: 16767: 16749: 16718: 16669: 16667: 16665: 16650: 16644: 16643: 16641: 16639: 16630:. Archived from 16619: 16608: 16607: 16581: 16572: 16571: 16569: 16567: 16543: 16537: 16536: 16534: 16532: 16515: 16509: 16508: 16494: 16483: 16472: 16458: 16452: 16451: 16423: 16412: 16411: 16409: 16407: 16393: 16378: 16377: 16369: 16360: 16359: 16357: 16355: 16340: 16334: 16333: 16331: 16329: 16315: 16309: 16308: 16282: 16273: 16267: 16266: 16265: 16263: 16222: 16216: 16215: 16213: 16211: 16196: 16187: 16186: 16176: 16152: 16127: 16126: 16111: 16105: 16104: 16102: 16100: 16085: 16079: 16078: 16076: 16074: 16048: 16042: 16041: 16039: 16037: 16020: 16014: 16013: 16011: 16009: 16000:. Archived from 15983: 15977: 15976: 15974: 15972: 15950: 15944: 15943: 15941: 15939: 15922: 15916: 15915: 15913: 15911: 15906:on 26 March 2014 15902:. Archived from 15886: 15880: 15879: 15859: 15853: 15852: 15849:navideshahed.com 15841: 15835: 15824: 15818: 15815:Northrop (2001a) 15812: 15806: 15805: 15788: 15782: 15776: 15770: 15762: 15756: 15755: 15753: 15751: 15734: 15728: 15727: 15720: 15714: 15713: 15700: 15694: 15691: 15685: 15684: 15682: 15680: 15665: 15659: 15651:, p. 19, 34–37, 15641: 15632: 15618: 15612: 15611: 15609: 15607: 15585: 15579: 15578: 15576: 15574: 15557: 15551: 15548: 15546: 15544: 15531: 15526:The Hidden Gulag 15519: 15517: 15515: 15497: 15495: 15493: 15484:. Archived from 15469: 15467: 15465: 15442: 15436: 15435: 15433: 15431: 15414: 15408: 15407: 15405: 15381: 15375: 15374: 15372: 15370: 15355: 15349: 15348: 15336: 15325: 15319: 15318: 15304: 15298: 15297: 15295: 15293: 15284:. Archived from 15267: 15261: 15260: 15242: 15222:Wíčazo Ša Review 15212: 15199: 15198: 15196: 15194: 15180: 15174: 15173: 15156: 15150: 15149: 15147: 15145: 15136:. Archived from 15118: 15112: 15111: 15109: 15107: 15092: 15086: 15082: 15076: 15075: 15064: 15058: 15057: 15046: 15040: 15039: 15018: 15016: 15010: 14999: 14991:(14 July 2017). 14985: 14979: 14978: 14976: 14974: 14968: 14961: 14950: 14944: 14943: 14941: 14939: 14924: 14918: 14915: 14913: 14911: 14893: 14891: 14889: 14884:. 10 August 2017 14871: 14869: 14867: 14849: 14847: 14845: 14822: 14816: 14815: 14804: 14798: 14797: 14787: 14755: 14749: 14744: 14743:. WHO/RHR/14.23. 14738: 14717: 14715: 14713: 14691: 14685: 14680: 14641: 14639: 14637: 14612: 14606: 14605: 14595: 14565: 14559: 14542: 14536: 14525: 14523: 14521: 14500: 14494: 14493: 14491: 14489: 14474: 14468: 14467: 14465: 14463: 14448: 14442: 14441: 14439: 14437: 14422: 14416: 14415: 14400: 14394: 14393: 14391: 14389: 14374: 14368: 14367: 14365: 14363: 14346:(10 June 2013). 14340: 14334: 14333: 14331: 14329: 14314: 14308: 14288: 14264: 14262: 14260: 14237: 14231: 14230: 14220: 14209: 14203: 14202: 14193:(1/2): 343–357. 14182: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14169: 14151: 14149: 14147: 14129: 14127: 14125: 14101: 14099: 14097: 14067: 14061: 14060: 14058: 14056: 14041: 14032: 14031: 14029: 14027: 14009: 14003: 14002: 14000: 13998: 13982: 13971: 13970: 13968: 13966: 13957:. Archived from 13955:web.stanford.edu 13947: 13941: 13940: 13938: 13936: 13921: 13915: 13914: 13912: 13910: 13895: 13889: 13888: 13878: 13872: 13871: 13869: 13867: 13852: 13846: 13845: 13843: 13841: 13824: 13818: 13815: 13809: 13807: 13785: 13783: 13781: 13772:. Archived from 13748: 13720: 13714: 13713: 13695: 13689: 13688: 13686: 13684: 13669: 13663: 13656: 13650: 13649: 13647: 13645: 13632: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13619: 13598: 13596: 13594: 13576: 13574: 13572: 13549: 13543: 13542: 13522: 13516: 13515: 13471: 13462: 13461: 13445: 13436:Nussbaum, Martha 13428:Nussbaum, Martha 13424: 13418: 13417: 13415: 13409:. Archived from 13404: 13396: 13390: 13389: 13377: 13366: 13365: 13363: 13361: 13341: 13332: 13331: 13325: 13316: 13310: 13307: 13305: 13303: 13295:Deccan Chronicle 13285: 13283: 13281: 13263: 13261: 13259: 13235: 13229: 13228: 13226: 13224: 13209: 13203: 13202: 13200: 13198: 13183: 13177: 13176: 13174: 13172: 13157: 13151: 13150: 13148: 13146: 13135:"Son preference" 13131: 13122: 13119: 13117: 13115: 13097: 13095: 13093: 13088:on 25 April 2012 13087: 13081:. Archived from 13076: 13064: 13036: 13030: 13029: 13027: 13025: 13007: 13001: 13000: 12998: 12996: 12981: 12975: 12974: 12972: 12970: 12955: 12949: 12948: 12946: 12944: 12927: 12921: 12920: 12918: 12916: 12899: 12893: 12892: 12872: 12866: 12865: 12863: 12861: 12835: 12829: 12828: 12816: 12802: 12796: 12792: 12790: 12788: 12765: 12759: 12758: 12756: 12754: 12737: 12731: 12730: 12728: 12726: 12709: 12703: 12702: 12700: 12698: 12688:Sacred-texts.com 12680: 12674: 12673: 12671: 12669: 12648: 12642: 12641: 12639: 12637: 12627:biblegateway.com 12619: 12613: 12602: 12600: 12598: 12589:. Archived from 12568: 12562: 12561: 12559: 12535: 12529: 12528: 12526: 12524: 12513: 12507: 12506: 12504: 12502: 12485:Associated Press 12481: 12475: 12470: 12468: 12466: 12461:on 29 April 2017 12457:. Archived from 12436: 12418: 12412: 12411: 12409: 12407: 12401: 12394: 12383: 12377: 12376: 12374: 12372: 12357: 12346: 12340: 12339: 12321: 12315: 12314: 12313: 12311: 12278: 12272: 12271: 12269: 12267: 12262:on 12 March 2016 12261: 12255:. Archived from 12236: 12227: 12206: 12205: 12199: 12191: 12185: 12184: 12173:Scottish Affairs 12168: 12162: 12161: 12149: 12143: 12122: 12104: 12098: 12097: 12086: 12080: 12079: 12077: 12075: 12055: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12039: 12034:on 20 March 2012 12033: 12027:. Archived from 12022: 12012: 12006: 12005: 12003: 12001: 11986: 11980: 11976: 11970: 11969: 11967: 11965: 11950: 11944: 11943: 11941: 11939: 11930:. Archived from 11916: 11910: 11909: 11897: 11891: 11890: 11856: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11822: 11816: 11815: 11779: 11773: 11772: 11752: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11739: 11719: 11717: 11715: 11699: 11697: 11695: 11689: 11683:. Archived from 11674: 11659: 11653: 11652: 11650: 11648: 11642: 11635: 11625: 11619: 11618: 11616: 11614: 11593: 11587: 11586: 11574: 11563: 11557: 11554: 11548: 11547: 11525: 11519: 11518: 11516: 11514: 11505:. Archived from 11481: 11475: 11466: 11432: 11426: 11425: 11406:Jeffreys, Sheila 11402: 11396: 11390: 11387:Brown University 11373: 11371: 11369: 11351: 11345: 11344: 11342: 11340: 11320: 11314: 11313: 11296:(5): 1405–1444. 11285: 11279: 11278: 11260: 11251: 11245: 11244: 11242: 11240: 11225: 11216: 11213: 11211: 11209: 11204:on 23 March 2013 11203: 11197:. Archived from 11192: 11177: 11175: 11173: 11155: 11153: 11151: 11128: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11115: 11109: 11103:. Archived from 11098: 11083: 11081: 11069: 11067: 11065: 11043: 11037: 11034: 11032: 11030: 11024: 11017: 11005: 11003: 11001: 10983: 10971: 10969: 10967: 10949: 10947: 10945: 10927: 10925: 10923: 10914:. Archived from 10889: 10887: 10885: 10862: 10856: 10855: 10837: 10831: 10830: 10828: 10826: 10817:. Archived from 10801: 10795: 10794: 10774: 10768: 10767: 10745: 10739: 10738: 10736: 10734: 10717: 10711: 10706:convened by the 10701: 10699: 10697: 10691: 10685:. Archived from 10680: 10669: 10663: 10652: 10624:Homicide Studies 10618: 10609: 10608: 10606: 10604: 10589: 10583: 10582: 10580: 10578: 10563: 10557: 10556: 10554: 10552: 10537: 10531: 10530: 10514: 10508: 10507: 10505: 10503: 10488: 10482: 10481: 10479: 10477: 10455: 10449: 10448: 10446: 10444: 10434: 10420: 10409: 10408: 10406: 10404: 10386: 10380: 10379: 10377: 10375: 10357: 10351: 10350: 10348: 10346: 10331: 10325: 10324: 10322: 10320: 10295: 10289: 10288: 10286: 10284: 10269: 10263: 10262: 10260: 10258: 10243: 10237: 10236: 10234: 10232: 10225:Business Insider 10212: 10206: 10205: 10203: 10201: 10184: 10178: 10177: 10175: 10173: 10156: 10150: 10149: 10147: 10145: 10128: 10122: 10117: 10115: 10113: 10101:إسراء محمد علي. 10089: 10087: 10085: 10067: 10065: 10063: 10045: 10043: 10041: 10018: 10012: 10011: 10009: 10007: 9998:. Archived from 9986: 9980: 9979: 9977: 9975: 9970:on 4 August 2012 9969: 9962: 9954: 9940: 9934: 9933: 9904: 9898: 9897: 9889: 9883: 9882: 9880: 9878: 9858: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9847: 9838:. Archived from 9825: 9819: 9818: 9796: 9790: 9789: 9787: 9785: 9770: 9764: 9763: 9761: 9759: 9744: 9738: 9737: 9735: 9733: 9722: 9716: 9715: 9713: 9711: 9696: 9690: 9689: 9687: 9685: 9674: 9668: 9663: 9657: 9656: 9632: 9626: 9623: 9617: 9616: 9614: 9612: 9606: 9598: 9592: 9591: 9589: 9587: 9572: 9566: 9565: 9553: 9542: 9536: 9535: 9533: 9505: 9499: 9498: 9492: 9478: 9472: 9471: 9469: 9467: 9461: 9444: 9430: 9424: 9423: 9400: 9394: 9391: 9389: 9387: 9381: 9375:. Archived from 9366: 9354: 9352: 9350: 9324: 9309: 9307: 9305: 9285: 9283: 9277:. Archived from 9268: 9236: 9221: 9215: 9214: 9212: 9210: 9183: 9177: 9171: 9164: 9158: 9143: 9137: 9136: 9134: 9132: 9123: 9109: 9100: 9099: 9097: 9095: 9076: 9070: 9069: 9067: 9065: 9053: 9047: 9046: 9044: 9042: 9027: 9021: 9020: 9018: 9016: 9001: 8995: 8994: 8992: 8990: 8980: 8972: 8966: 8965: 8963: 8961: 8954:un-documents.net 8946: 8940: 8939: 8937: 8935: 8929: 8923:. Archived from 8914: 8905: 8899: 8898: 8892: 8884: 8876: 8867: 8866: 8822: 8816: 8815: 8793: 8787: 8786: 8768: 8744: 8738: 8737: 8735: 8733: 8722: 8716: 8715: 8671: 8665: 8664: 8636: 8630: 8629: 8627: 8625: 8619: 8612: 8604: 8598: 8597: 8595: 8593: 8582: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8571: 8560: 8554: 8552: 8550: 8548: 8537: 8531: 8529: 8527: 8525: 8506: 8500: 8499: 8497: 8495: 8484: 8478: 8477: 8475: 8473: 8449: 8443: 8442: 8440: 8438: 8427: 8421: 8415: 8409: 8408:, p. 15-17. 8403: 8397: 8394: 8371: 8348: 8320: 8314: 8308: 8302: 8301: 8247: 8241: 8240: 8230: 8184: 8154: 8073:Bodily integrity 7749:White Ribbon Day 7579:Manifest destiny 7555:plan", in 1995. 7529:Alberto Fujimori 7510:High risk groups 7340:cyber harassment 7204:Higher education 6997:religious police 6981:one child policy 6973:Fernando Carbone 6968:Alberto Fujimori 6911:African American 6907:Mexican American 6815:bride kidnapping 6803:Forced pregnancy 6798:Forced pregnancy 6792:Forced pregnancy 6782:social isolation 6748:husband's stitch 6587:labia elongation 6583:Labia stretching 6507:labia stretching 6479:documentary film 6466:one child policy 6447:one child policy 6406:Papua New Guinea 6149:, which include 6126:conducted in 12 5953:Bangalore, India 5922:bride kidnapping 5880:forced pregnancy 5872:Bride kidnapping 5858:Bride kidnapping 5630:as a war crime. 5628:Rwandan Genocide 5278:Type of violence 5269: 5268: 5002: 4998: 4913:and by the 2003 4773: 4766: 4759: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4684:Feminist parties 4679:Muslim feminists 4674:Jewish feminists 4585: 4584: 4566:History of women 4189:Political theory 3957: 3956: 3887: 3886: 3860: 3853:Women-only space 3738:Likeability trap 3703:Invisible labour 3621:Female education 3430:Anti-pornography 3285: 3284: 3280: 2996:Lesbian of color 2979: 2978: 2856:Women's suffrage 2832:Muslim countries 2827:Women's suffrage 2744:Feminist history 2737: 2736: 2726: 2703: 2702: 2693: 2686: 2679: 2616:Social privilege 2601:Social exclusion 2529:Police brutality 2450:Multiculturalism 2420:Amatonormativity 2235:Social exclusion 2071:Age of candidacy 1867:Homeless dumping 1773:Ethnic cleansing 723: 700: 699: 690: 683: 676: 511:Forced pregnancy 104: 103: 87: 80: 76: 73: 67: 47: 46: 39: 21: 25213: 25212: 25208: 25207: 25206: 25204: 25203: 25202: 25173: 25172: 25171: 25166: 25138: 25013:Polyculturalism 24909:Civil liberties 24877: 24858:Reappropriation 24759:Countermeasures 24754: 24683:Racial steering 24649:Numerus clausus 24553: 24547: 24272:Ethnic conflict 24207:Corrective rape 24158: 23798: 23645: 23537:HIV/AIDS stigma 23405: 23354:Mental disorder 23292: 23261: 23256: 23226: 23221: 23200: 23174: 23113: 23052: 22986: 22977: 22931: 22925: 22895: 22890: 22866:Rationalization 22801:Destabilisation 22754: 22718:Religious abuse 22553: 22548: 22518: 22513: 22492: 22447: 22380: 22361:Life with Billy 22348: 22280:The Burning Bed 22239: 22175: 22119: 22095:David Finkelhor 22056: 22035: 21829: 21820:Women's shelter 21789: 21743: 21666: 21559: 21506: 21461: 21410: 21405: 21339: 21320: 21232: 21210: 21208: 21204: 21197: 21184: 21117: 21100:Wayback Machine 20879: 20800: 20781: 20674: 20669: 20668: 20658: 20656: 20652: 20645: 20641: 20640: 20636: 20626: 20624: 20616: 20615: 20611: 20601: 20599: 20592: 20588: 20578: 20576: 20573: 20569: 20568: 20564: 20523: 20519: 20512: 20495: 20491: 20458:10.2307/3583347 20441: 20437: 20422: 20418: 20403: 20399: 20390: 20389: 20385: 20354:10.2307/1342079 20336: 20332: 20325: 20306: 20302: 20253: 20249: 20240: 19968:Other citations 19966: 19962: 19911: 19902: 19878: 19877: 19873: 19863: 19861: 19849: 19845: 19800: 19796: 19786: 19784: 19769: 19765: 19758: 19740: 19736: 19724: 19722: 19702: 19700: 19677: 19675: 19671: 19657: 19653: 19641: 19639: 19619: 19617: 19606: 19597: 19595: 19584:Cries unheard: 19578:(10 May 2007). 19567: 19563: 19553: 19551: 19538: 19537: 19533: 19523: 19521: 19514:The Norway Post 19506: 19502: 19457: 19453: 19443: 19441: 19433: 19432: 19428: 19419: 19418: 19414: 19404: 19402: 19394: 19393: 19389: 19379: 19377: 19359: 19355: 19339: 19333: 19329: 19319: 19317: 19313: 19302: 19296:(August 2005). 19291: 19287: 19277: 19275: 19258: 19254: 19244: 19242: 19241:on 21 July 2018 19225: 19218: 19211: 19193: 19182: 19137: 19130: 19101: 19097: 19082:10.2307/1229040 19060: 19056: 19008: 18989: 18944: 18940: 18930: 18928: 18926:Merriam-Webster 18916: 18915: 18911: 18901: 18899: 18889: 18885: 18872: 18871: 18867: 18857: 18855: 18832: 18828: 18818: 18816: 18803: 18802: 18798: 18766: 18762: 18722: 18718: 18706: 18700: 18693: 18682: 18676: 18672: 18627: 18623: 18618:Wayback Machine 18603: 18601: 18578: 18574: 18530: 18524: 18520: 18510: 18508: 18498: 18494: 18477: 18475: 18468: 18460: 18456: 18446: 18444: 18434: 18430: 18420: 18418: 18408: 18404: 18394: 18392: 18383: 18382: 18378: 18368: 18366: 18354: 18350: 18336: 18334: 18330: 18323: 18317: 18316: 18312: 18299:(4 ): 103–116. 18285: 18281: 18254: 18243: 18201: 18193: 18189: 18179: 18177: 18165: 18161: 18151: 18149: 18137: 18133: 18123: 18121: 18117: 18108: 18104: 18094: 18092: 18081: 18080: 18076: 18063: 18061: 18034: 18030: 17985: 17978: 17914: 17894: 17890: 17871: 17867: 17859: 17853: 17846: 17801: 17792: 17782: 17780: 17779:on 17 July 2013 17776: 17765: 17761: 17760: 17756: 17746: 17744: 17737:Island Business 17731: 17730: 17726: 17694: 17690: 17675: 17673: 17666: 17658: 17654: 17633: 17629: 17527: 17523: 17513: 17511: 17499: 17484: 17461: 17454: 17436:10.2307/4065431 17414: 17395: 17385: 17383: 17373: 17369: 17359: 17357: 17339: 17335: 17326:UNESCO (2021). 17324: 17320: 17313: 17299: 17292: 17285:www.amnesty.org 17279: 17278: 17274: 17261: 17260: 17253: 17218: 17214: 17204:Yale Law School 17186: 17182: 17135: 17131: 17121: 17119: 17114: 17113: 17109: 17058: 17054: 17044: 17042: 17034: 17033: 17029: 17019: 17017: 17012: 17011: 17007: 16997: 16995: 16983: 16979: 16969: 16967: 16953: 16949: 16939: 16937: 16928: 16927: 16923: 16913: 16911: 16904: 16900: 16861: 16852: 16842: 16840: 16821: 16815: 16808: 16797: 16663: 16661: 16652: 16651: 16647: 16637: 16635: 16620: 16611: 16582: 16575: 16565: 16563: 16556:Weekend Edition 16544: 16540: 16530: 16528: 16525:The Denver Post 16516: 16512: 16495: 16486: 16459: 16455: 16424: 16415: 16405: 16403: 16395: 16394: 16381: 16370: 16363: 16353: 16351: 16342: 16341: 16337: 16327: 16325: 16317: 16316: 16312: 16280: 16274: 16270: 16261: 16259: 16249: 16223: 16219: 16209: 16207: 16198: 16197: 16190: 16153: 16130: 16113: 16112: 16108: 16098: 16096: 16086: 16082: 16072: 16070: 16049: 16045: 16035: 16033: 16021: 16017: 16007: 16005: 15984: 15980: 15970: 15968: 15951: 15947: 15937: 15935: 15923: 15919: 15909: 15907: 15887: 15883: 15860: 15856: 15843: 15842: 15838: 15825: 15821: 15813: 15809: 15790: 15789: 15785: 15777: 15773: 15763: 15759: 15749: 15747: 15736: 15735: 15731: 15722: 15721: 15717: 15709:The Irish Times 15702: 15701: 15697: 15692: 15688: 15678: 15676: 15666: 15662: 15642: 15635: 15619: 15615: 15605: 15603: 15587: 15586: 15582: 15572: 15570: 15558: 15554: 15542: 15540: 15529: 15513: 15511: 15500: 15491: 15489: 15463: 15461: 15443: 15439: 15429: 15427: 15416: 15415: 15411: 15382: 15378: 15368: 15366: 15356: 15352: 15345: 15334: 15326: 15322: 15305: 15301: 15291: 15289: 15268: 15264: 15213: 15202: 15192: 15190: 15182: 15181: 15177: 15157: 15153: 15143: 15141: 15119: 15115: 15105: 15103: 15093: 15089: 15083: 15079: 15066: 15065: 15061: 15054:www.amnesty.org 15048: 15047: 15043: 15014: 15012: 15008: 14997: 14986: 14982: 14972: 14970: 14966: 14959: 14951: 14947: 14937: 14935: 14934:. February 2016 14926: 14925: 14921: 14909: 14907: 14906:. December 2016 14896: 14887: 14885: 14874: 14865: 14863: 14843: 14841: 14830: 14823: 14819: 14806: 14805: 14801: 14756: 14752: 14736: 14711: 14709: 14692: 14688: 14635: 14633: 14613: 14609: 14566: 14562: 14552:Wayback Machine 14543: 14539: 14534:Wayback Machine 14519: 14517: 14501: 14497: 14487: 14485: 14475: 14471: 14461: 14459: 14450: 14449: 14445: 14435: 14433: 14423: 14419: 14402: 14401: 14397: 14387: 14385: 14375: 14371: 14361: 14359: 14341: 14337: 14327: 14325: 14321:. Afghanistan: 14315: 14311: 14277:(2 July 2002). 14258: 14256: 14238: 14234: 14218: 14210: 14206: 14183: 14179: 14167: 14165: 14164:. 15 March 2012 14154: 14145: 14143: 14123: 14121: 14104: 14095: 14093: 14068: 14064: 14054: 14052: 14042: 14035: 14025: 14023: 14021:Merriam-Webster 14011: 14010: 14006: 13996: 13994: 13984: 13983: 13974: 13964: 13962: 13949: 13948: 13944: 13934: 13932: 13923: 13922: 13918: 13908: 13906: 13896: 13892: 13879: 13875: 13865: 13863: 13853: 13849: 13839: 13837: 13825: 13821: 13805: 13803: 13779: 13777: 13776:on 4 March 2016 13745: 13721: 13717: 13710: 13696: 13692: 13682: 13680: 13671: 13670: 13666: 13657: 13653: 13643: 13641: 13640:. 12 April 2011 13634: 13633: 13629: 13617: 13615: 13592: 13590: 13570: 13568: 13550: 13546: 13539: 13523: 13519: 13472: 13465: 13458: 13425: 13421: 13413: 13407:data.unicef.org 13402: 13398: 13397: 13393: 13380:UNICEF (2016). 13378: 13369: 13359: 13357: 13342: 13335: 13323: 13317: 13313: 13301: 13299: 13288: 13279: 13277: 13257: 13255: 13236: 13232: 13222: 13220: 13210: 13206: 13196: 13194: 13184: 13180: 13170: 13168: 13159: 13158: 13154: 13144: 13142: 13133: 13132: 13125: 13113: 13111: 13100: 13091: 13089: 13085: 13074: 13061:Duke Law School 13037: 13033: 13023: 13021: 13008: 13004: 12994: 12992: 12983: 12982: 12978: 12968: 12966: 12956: 12952: 12942: 12940: 12929: 12928: 12924: 12914: 12912: 12911:. 7 August 2002 12901: 12900: 12896: 12873: 12869: 12859: 12857: 12855: 12836: 12832: 12825: 12803: 12799: 12794:Fact sheet pdf. 12786: 12784: 12767: 12766: 12762: 12752: 12750: 12739: 12738: 12734: 12724: 12722: 12710: 12706: 12696: 12694: 12682: 12681: 12677: 12667: 12665: 12657:Alaska Dispatch 12650: 12649: 12645: 12635: 12633: 12621: 12620: 12616: 12611:Wayback Machine 12596: 12594: 12593:on 25 June 2014 12569: 12565: 12536: 12532: 12522: 12520: 12515: 12514: 12510: 12500: 12498: 12487:(2 July 1993). 12482: 12478: 12464: 12462: 12445: 12433: 12419: 12415: 12405: 12403: 12402:on 22 July 2014 12399: 12392: 12384: 12380: 12370: 12368: 12366: 12355: 12347: 12343: 12336: 12322: 12318: 12309: 12307: 12305: 12279: 12275: 12265: 12263: 12259: 12253: 12234: 12228: 12209: 12197: 12193: 12192: 12188: 12169: 12165: 12150: 12146: 12141:Wayback Machine 12131:Wayback Machine 12105: 12101: 12088: 12087: 12083: 12073: 12071: 12056: 12047: 12037: 12035: 12031: 12020: 12014: 12013: 12009: 11999: 11997: 11996:. 13 April 2011 11988: 11987: 11983: 11977: 11973: 11963: 11961: 11960:on 28 July 2011 11954:"Wheel gallery" 11952: 11951: 11947: 11937: 11935: 11918: 11917: 11913: 11898: 11894: 11857: 11853: 11843: 11841: 11824: 11823: 11819: 11780: 11776: 11753: 11749: 11737: 11735: 11722: 11713: 11711: 11702: 11693: 11691: 11690:on 4 March 2016 11687: 11672: 11668:Allwood, Gill. 11660: 11656: 11646: 11644: 11640: 11633: 11627: 11626: 11622: 11612: 11610: 11594: 11590: 11564: 11560: 11555: 11551: 11544: 11526: 11522: 11512: 11510: 11503: 11482: 11478: 11455:10.2307/1106112 11433: 11429: 11422: 11403: 11399: 11367: 11365: 11352: 11348: 11338: 11336: 11321: 11317: 11286: 11282: 11258: 11252: 11248: 11238: 11236: 11227: 11226: 11219: 11207: 11205: 11201: 11190: 11171: 11169: 11149: 11147: 11136: 11129: 11125: 11113: 11111: 11107: 11096: 11090:(August 2010). 11079: 11063: 11061: 11051: 11044: 11040: 11028: 11026: 11022: 11015: 10999: 10997: 10981: 10965: 10963: 10943: 10941: 10921: 10919: 10891:Interview with 10883: 10881: 10863: 10859: 10852: 10838: 10834: 10824: 10822: 10802: 10798: 10775: 10771: 10764: 10746: 10742: 10732: 10730: 10718: 10714: 10695: 10693: 10692:on 4 March 2016 10689: 10678: 10670: 10666: 10661:Wayback Machine 10619: 10612: 10602: 10600: 10591: 10590: 10586: 10576: 10574: 10565: 10564: 10560: 10550: 10548: 10539: 10538: 10534: 10515: 10511: 10501: 10499: 10490: 10489: 10485: 10475: 10473: 10456: 10452: 10442: 10440: 10439:. WHO/RHR/12.42 10432: 10421: 10412: 10402: 10400: 10387: 10383: 10373: 10371: 10358: 10354: 10344: 10342: 10339:The Independent 10333: 10332: 10328: 10318: 10316: 10296: 10292: 10282: 10280: 10270: 10266: 10256: 10254: 10244: 10240: 10230: 10228: 10213: 10209: 10199: 10197: 10185: 10181: 10171: 10169: 10158: 10157: 10153: 10143: 10141: 10129: 10125: 10111: 10109: 10083: 10081: 10061: 10059: 10039: 10037: 10019: 10015: 10005: 10003: 9987: 9983: 9973: 9971: 9967: 9960: 9952: 9941: 9937: 9930: 9916:Dworkin, Andrea 9908:Dworkin, Andrea 9905: 9901: 9890: 9886: 9876: 9874: 9859: 9855: 9845: 9843: 9826: 9822: 9815: 9797: 9793: 9783: 9781: 9772: 9771: 9767: 9757: 9755: 9754:. 11 April 2004 9746: 9745: 9741: 9731: 9729: 9724: 9723: 9719: 9709: 9707: 9698: 9697: 9693: 9683: 9681: 9676: 9675: 9671: 9664: 9660: 9653: 9645:. p. 103. 9633: 9629: 9624: 9620: 9610: 9608: 9604: 9600: 9599: 9595: 9585: 9583: 9574: 9573: 9569: 9562: 9551: 9543: 9539: 9506: 9502: 9490: 9479: 9475: 9465: 9463: 9459: 9453: 9442: 9431: 9427: 9401: 9397: 9385: 9383: 9379: 9364: 9348: 9346: 9303: 9301: 9288: 9281: 9234: 9222: 9218: 9208: 9206: 9204: 9196:. p. 658. 9184: 9180: 9174: 9165: 9161: 9144: 9140: 9130: 9128: 9121: 9110: 9103: 9093: 9091: 9077: 9073: 9063: 9061: 9054: 9050: 9040: 9038: 9029: 9028: 9024: 9014: 9012: 9003: 9002: 8998: 8988: 8986: 8978: 8974: 8973: 8969: 8959: 8957: 8948: 8947: 8943: 8933: 8931: 8930:on 20 July 2022 8927: 8912: 8906: 8902: 8886: 8885: 8877: 8870: 8823: 8819: 8794: 8790: 8745: 8741: 8731: 8729: 8724: 8723: 8719: 8672: 8668: 8653: 8637: 8633: 8623: 8621: 8620:on 2 March 2022 8617: 8610: 8606: 8605: 8601: 8591: 8589: 8584: 8583: 8579: 8569: 8567: 8562: 8561: 8557: 8546: 8544: 8539: 8538: 8534: 8523: 8521: 8508: 8507: 8503: 8493: 8491: 8486: 8485: 8481: 8471: 8469: 8450: 8446: 8436: 8434: 8429: 8428: 8424: 8420:, p. 1-14. 8416: 8412: 8404: 8400: 8391: 8368: 8345: 8321: 8317: 8309: 8305: 8248: 8244: 8185: 8176: 8171: 8148: 8143: 8063: 8023:In Europe, the 8021: 8015: 8007: 7995: 7986: 7977: 7971: 7959: 7943:sexual violence 7939:police stations 7927:sexually harass 7922: 7872:forced marriage 7853: 7840: 7823: 7762: 7694: 7654: 7648: 7628:cisgender women 7617: 7611: 7602: 7539:as a result of 7517: 7512: 7504: 7502:Rape statistics 7494: 7412:. For example, 7405: 7356: 7328: 7311: 7282: 7277: 7258: 7221: 7212: 7206: 7197: 7132: 7119: 7114: 7106:sexual violence 7097:sexual violence 7081: 7057: 7010: 6989: 6903:Native American 6883:forced abortion 6868: 6866:Forced abortion 6860:Main articles: 6858: 6848:places such as 6811:forced marriage 6800: 6794: 6778: 6764: 6740: 6719: 6686: 6666: 6660: 6634: 6628: 6605: 6509: 6501:Main articles: 6499: 6494: 6471:The Dying Rooms 6423: 6418: 6383:widow cleansing 6367: 6322: 6230: 6220: 6208:Main articles: 6206: 6172:psychopathology 6068: 6042:forced marriage 6030:permiso marital 6008: 5987: 5981: 5945: 5937:Main articles: 5935: 5907:forced marriage 5900:Molla Nasraddin 5896:forced marriage 5876:forced marriage 5860: 5854: 5852:Forced marriage 5848: 5846:Forced marriage 5789: 5779: 5774: 5727: 5719:Main articles: 5709: 5522: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5415: 5405: 5354:Sexual violence 5347: 5333:Sexual violence 5331:Main articles: 5329: 5327:Sexual violence 5260: 5191:forced abortion 5179:sexual violence 5171:forced marriage 5111: 5072:Maputo Protocol 5023:CEDAW Committee 4915:Maputo Protocol 4897:(CEDAW) of the 4878: 4777: 4741: 4739: 4734: 4733: 4635: 4582: 4574: 4573: 4572: 4481:Northern Cyprus 4261: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4069:Science fiction 4020: 3999:Women's studies 3964:Feminist method 3954: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3884: 3876: 3875: 3874: 3858: 3768:Oedipus complex 3758:Men in feminism 3723:Language reform 3698:Ideal womanhood 3678:Gender equality 3673:Formal equality 3636:Feminationalism 3574:Cognitive labor 3568: 3560: 3559: 3558: 3515:Post-structural 3414: 3404: 3403: 3402: 3311: 3301: 3300: 3299: 3282: 3279:Gender-critical 3278: 3277: 3228:Femonationalism 3212: 3204: 3203: 3198: 3177:Native American 3117: 3072:Critical theory 3034: 2976: 2966: 2965: 2960: 2915:Second Republic 2843: 2813: 2780: 2754:Women's history 2734: 2697: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2664: 2539:Polyculturalism 2435:Civil liberties 2407: 2399: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2395: 2376:Reappropriation 2276: 2275:Countermeasures 2268: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2264: 2193:Racial steering 2159:Numerus clausus 2063: 2055: 2054: 2053: 2052: 2051: 1778:Ethnic conflict 1713:Corrective rape 1668: 1660: 1659: 1658: 1657: 1656: 1303: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1288: 1141: 1131: 1130: 1129: 1128: 1127: 1019:HIV/AIDS stigma 891: 883: 882: 881: 880: 879: 828:Mental disorder 770: 762: 761: 760: 759: 758: 731: 694: 647:Sex and the law 627:Women's shelter 548:Sexual bullying 506:Forced marriage 496:Forced abortion 419:Gishiri cutting 388:Widow cleansing 378:Sexual violence 88: 77: 71: 68: 61: 48: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 25211: 25201: 25200: 25195: 25190: 25185: 25168: 25167: 25165: 25164: 25154: 25143: 25140: 25139: 25137: 25136: 25131: 25130: 25129: 25119: 25114: 25109: 25108: 25107: 25102: 25097: 25087: 25082: 25077: 25072: 25067: 25062: 25061: 25060: 25058:Reverse racism 25050: 25045: 25040: 25035: 25030: 25028:Prisoner abuse 25025: 25020: 25018:Power distance 25015: 25010: 25005: 25000: 24995: 24990: 24985: 24984: 24983: 24973: 24968: 24963: 24958: 24953: 24948: 24943: 24938: 24936:Ethnic penalty 24933: 24932: 24931: 24929:Neurodiversity 24926: 24916: 24914:Dehumanization 24911: 24906: 24904:Cisnormativity 24901: 24896: 24891: 24885: 24883: 24882:Related topics 24879: 24878: 24876: 24875: 24870: 24865: 24860: 24855: 24850: 24845: 24840: 24835: 24830: 24825: 24820: 24815: 24810: 24805: 24804: 24803: 24793: 24788: 24783: 24778: 24773: 24768: 24762: 24760: 24756: 24755: 24753: 24752: 24747: 24742: 24740:State religion 24737: 24732: 24727: 24722: 24721: 24720: 24715: 24710: 24705: 24695: 24690: 24685: 24680: 24679: 24678: 24676:Nuremberg Laws 24673: 24663: 24658: 24653: 24645: 24640: 24635: 24630: 24625: 24620: 24618:Ghetto benches 24615: 24613:Gerrymandering 24610: 24605: 24600: 24598:Gender pay gap 24595: 24594: 24593: 24588: 24578: 24573: 24568: 24563: 24557: 24555: 24552:Discriminatory 24549: 24548: 24546: 24545: 24540: 24535: 24530: 24525: 24520: 24515: 24510: 24505: 24500: 24495: 24490: 24485: 24480: 24475: 24470: 24465: 24460: 24455: 24450: 24445: 24440: 24435: 24430: 24429: 24428: 24423: 24418: 24408: 24403: 24398: 24393: 24388: 24383: 24381:Lavender scare 24378: 24376:Kill Haole Day 24373: 24371:Indian rolling 24368: 24363: 24358: 24353: 24348: 24347: 24346: 24336: 24331: 24330: 24329: 24319: 24314: 24309: 24304: 24299: 24294: 24289: 24284: 24279: 24274: 24269: 24264: 24259: 24257:Eliminationism 24254: 24249: 24244: 24239: 24234: 24229: 24224: 24219: 24214: 24209: 24204: 24199: 24194: 24192:Cancel culture 24189: 24184: 24179: 24178: 24177: 24166: 24164: 24163:Manifestations 24160: 24159: 24157: 24156: 24151: 24146: 24141: 24136: 24131: 24126: 24121: 24116: 24111: 24106: 24101: 24096: 24091: 24086: 24081: 24076: 24071: 24066: 24061: 24059:Middle Eastern 24056: 24051: 24046: 24041: 24036: 24031: 24026: 24025: 24024: 24014: 24009: 24004: 23999: 23998: 23997: 23992: 23987: 23979: 23974: 23969: 23964: 23959: 23954: 23949: 23944: 23939: 23934: 23929: 23924: 23919: 23914: 23909: 23904: 23899: 23894: 23893: 23892: 23887: 23882: 23872: 23867: 23862: 23861: 23860: 23855: 23850: 23840: 23835: 23830: 23825: 23820: 23815: 23809: 23807: 23800: 23799: 23797: 23796: 23794:Zoroastrianism 23791: 23786: 23781: 23776: 23771: 23770: 23769: 23759: 23758: 23757: 23756: 23755: 23750: 23745: 23740: 23725: 23724: 23723: 23721:Untouchability 23718: 23708: 23703: 23702: 23701: 23696: 23691: 23686: 23681: 23671: 23666: 23661: 23655: 23653: 23647: 23646: 23644: 23643: 23638: 23633: 23632: 23631: 23626: 23621: 23611: 23610: 23609: 23604: 23594: 23589: 23584: 23579: 23574: 23569: 23564: 23559: 23554: 23549: 23547:Leprosy stigma 23544: 23539: 23534: 23529: 23524: 23519: 23514: 23509: 23504: 23499: 23494: 23489: 23484: 23479: 23474: 23469: 23464: 23459: 23454: 23449: 23444: 23439: 23434: 23429: 23424: 23419: 23413: 23411: 23407: 23406: 23404: 23403: 23398: 23393: 23388: 23383: 23378: 23373: 23372: 23371: 23366: 23356: 23351: 23346: 23341: 23336: 23331: 23326: 23321: 23316: 23311: 23306: 23300: 23298: 23294: 23293: 23291: 23290: 23285: 23280: 23275: 23269: 23267: 23263: 23262: 23259:Discrimination 23255: 23254: 23247: 23240: 23232: 23223: 23222: 23220: 23219: 23214: 23208: 23206: 23202: 23201: 23199: 23198: 23193: 23188: 23182: 23180: 23176: 23175: 23173: 23172: 23167: 23165:United Kingdom 23162: 23157: 23152: 23147: 23142: 23137: 23132: 23127: 23121: 23119: 23115: 23114: 23112: 23111: 23106: 23101: 23096: 23091: 23086: 23081: 23076: 23071: 23066: 23060: 23058: 23054: 23053: 23051: 23050: 23045: 23040: 23035: 23030: 23025: 23020: 23015: 23010: 23005: 23000: 22994: 22992: 22988: 22987: 22980: 22978: 22976: 22975: 22970: 22965: 22960: 22955: 22950: 22945: 22939: 22937: 22933: 22932: 22924: 22923: 22916: 22909: 22901: 22892: 22891: 22889: 22888: 22883: 22878: 22876:Victim blaming 22873: 22868: 22863: 22858: 22853: 22848: 22843: 22838: 22833: 22828: 22823: 22818: 22813: 22808: 22806:Discrimination 22803: 22798: 22793: 22791:Dehumanization 22788: 22783: 22781:Child grooming 22778: 22773: 22771:Abuse of power 22768: 22762: 22760: 22759:Related topics 22756: 22755: 22753: 22752: 22745: 22740: 22735: 22730: 22725: 22720: 22715: 22710: 22705: 22700: 22698:Physical abuse 22695: 22690: 22685: 22680: 22675: 22670: 22665: 22660: 22655: 22650: 22645: 22644: 22643: 22638: 22628: 22626:Domestic abuse 22623: 22622: 22621: 22619:military draft 22611: 22606: 22605: 22604: 22599: 22594: 22589: 22579: 22574: 22569: 22563: 22561: 22555: 22554: 22547: 22546: 22539: 22532: 22524: 22515: 22514: 22512: 22511: 22506: 22500: 22498: 22494: 22493: 22491: 22490: 22485: 22480: 22475: 22470: 22465: 22459: 22457: 22453: 22452: 22449: 22448: 22446: 22445: 22438: 22431: 22424: 22417: 22410: 22403: 22400:Family Process 22396: 22388: 22386: 22382: 22381: 22379: 22378: 22371: 22368:Mommie Dearest 22364: 22356: 22354: 22350: 22349: 22347: 22346: 22339: 22332: 22325: 22318: 22311: 22304: 22297: 22290: 22283: 22276: 22269: 22262: 22259:Black and Blue 22255: 22247: 22245: 22241: 22240: 22238: 22237: 22234:Sin by Silence 22230: 22223: 22216: 22209: 22202: 22194: 22192: 22185: 22181: 22180: 22177: 22176: 22174: 22173: 22171:Deborah Tucker 22168: 22163: 22158: 22153: 22148: 22146:Elizabeth Celi 22143: 22138: 22133: 22131:Ruahine Albert 22127: 22125: 22121: 22120: 22118: 22117: 22112: 22110:Linda Saltzman 22107: 22102: 22097: 22092: 22087: 22082: 22077: 22071: 22069: 22062: 22058: 22057: 22055: 22054: 22049: 22043: 22041: 22037: 22036: 22034: 22033: 22028: 22026:United Kingdom 22023: 22018: 22013: 22008: 22003: 21998: 21993: 21988: 21983: 21978: 21973: 21968: 21963: 21958: 21953: 21948: 21943: 21938: 21933: 21928: 21923: 21918: 21913: 21908: 21903: 21898: 21893: 21888: 21883: 21878: 21873: 21868: 21863: 21858: 21853: 21848: 21843: 21837: 21835: 21831: 21830: 21828: 21827: 21822: 21817: 21812: 21807: 21801: 21799: 21795: 21794: 21791: 21790: 21788: 21787: 21782: 21777: 21772: 21767: 21762: 21757: 21751: 21749: 21745: 21744: 21742: 21741: 21736: 21731: 21726: 21721: 21716: 21711: 21706: 21701: 21696: 21691: 21685: 21683: 21676: 21672: 21671: 21668: 21667: 21665: 21664: 21659: 21654: 21649: 21644: 21639: 21634: 21629: 21624: 21619: 21614: 21609: 21604: 21599: 21594: 21585: 21583:Economic abuse 21580: 21575: 21569: 21567: 21561: 21560: 21558: 21557: 21552: 21547: 21542: 21537: 21532: 21527: 21522: 21516: 21514: 21508: 21507: 21505: 21504: 21499: 21494: 21489: 21484: 21478: 21476: 21467: 21463: 21462: 21460: 21459: 21454: 21449: 21444: 21442:Cycle of abuse 21439: 21434: 21429: 21424: 21418: 21416: 21412: 21411: 21404: 21403: 21396: 21389: 21381: 21375: 21374: 21368: 21363: 21357: 21347: 21319: 21318:External links 21316: 21315: 21314: 21302:10.2307/353796 21279: 21236: 21230: 21217: 21188: 21182: 21169: 21128: 21121: 21115: 21102: 21045: 21009: 20986:(5): 368–377. 20969: 20934: 20914:10.1086/495300 20891: 20877: 20871:. World Bank. 20844: 20804: 20798: 20785: 20779: 20766: 20732: 20710: 20673: 20670: 20667: 20666: 20634: 20609: 20586: 20562: 20517: 20510: 20489: 20435: 20416: 20397: 20383: 20330: 20323: 20300: 20247: 20245: 20244: 20238: 20221: 20193:(3): 369–376. 20177: 20128: 20079: 20030: 19960: 19900: 19883:(3 May 2010). 19871: 19843: 19794: 19782:United Nations 19763: 19756: 19734: 19732: 19731: 19709: 19684: 19651: 19649: 19648: 19626: 19604: 19561: 19531: 19500: 19451: 19426: 19412: 19387: 19353: 19327: 19285: 19252: 19216: 19209: 19180: 19128: 19095: 19054: 18987: 18974:10.1086/368325 18966:10.1086/368325 18938: 18909: 18883: 18865: 18826: 18796: 18777:(2–3): 67–74. 18760: 18733:(5): 855–871. 18716: 18691: 18670: 18621: 18572: 18518: 18492: 18454: 18428: 18402: 18376: 18348: 18310: 18293:Social Justice 18279: 18262:Social Justice 18241: 18239: 18238: 18237: 18236: 18224: 18187: 18159: 18131: 18102: 18091:. 24 July 2002 18074: 18028: 17976: 17974: 17973: 17972: 17971: 17912: 17888: 17865: 17844: 17790: 17754: 17724: 17688: 17652: 17627: 17625: 17624: 17623: 17622: 17521: 17482: 17471:(4): 916–935. 17452: 17393: 17367: 17333: 17318: 17311: 17290: 17272: 17251: 17212: 17180: 17129: 17107: 17052: 17027: 17005: 16977: 16947: 16921: 16898: 16877:10.1086/495067 16871:(2): 278–308. 16850: 16832:(2): 119–135. 16806: 16804: 16803: 16802: 16801: 16795: 16771: 16770: 16769: 16768: 16719: 16645: 16609: 16573: 16538: 16510: 16484: 16453: 16440:10.1086/716642 16434:(2): 371–397. 16413: 16379: 16361: 16335: 16310: 16291:(3): 348–367. 16268: 16247: 16217: 16188: 16167:(3): 740–755. 16128: 16106: 16080: 16043: 16015: 15978: 15945: 15917: 15881: 15854: 15836: 15819: 15807: 15783: 15771: 15757: 15743:Spiegel Online 15729: 15715: 15695: 15686: 15674:Deutsche Welle 15660: 15633: 15613: 15580: 15552: 15550: 15549: 15520: 15510:. 14 June 2012 15498: 15488:on 29 May 2013 15470: 15437: 15426:. 24 July 2002 15409: 15376: 15350: 15343: 15320: 15310:Social Justice 15299: 15262: 15200: 15175: 15151: 15130:eige.europa.eu 15113: 15087: 15077: 15059: 15056:. 6 July 2017. 15041: 14980: 14945: 14919: 14917: 14916: 14894: 14872: 14850: 14817: 14799: 14770:(4): 371–390. 14750: 14748: 14747: 14746: 14745: 14686: 14684: 14683: 14682: 14681: 14607: 14560: 14537: 14495: 14469: 14458:. 21 June 2010 14443: 14417: 14395: 14369: 14335: 14309: 14307: 14306: 14305: 14304: 14232: 14204: 14177: 14175: 14174: 14152: 14130: 14102: 14062: 14033: 14004: 13972: 13942: 13916: 13890: 13873: 13847: 13819: 13817: 13816: 13789: 13788: 13787: 13786: 13764:Feeding Desire 13750: 13749: 13743: 13715: 13708: 13690: 13664: 13651: 13627: 13625: 13624: 13599: 13577: 13544: 13537: 13517: 13463: 13457:978-0195110326 13456: 13419: 13391: 13367: 13333: 13311: 13309: 13308: 13286: 13264: 13230: 13204: 13178: 13152: 13123: 13121: 13120: 13098: 13065: 13031: 13002: 12991:. 13 July 2017 12976: 12950: 12922: 12894: 12867: 12853: 12830: 12823: 12797: 12760: 12732: 12704: 12684:"Hadith 4:460" 12675: 12643: 12614: 12563: 12544:Law and Method 12530: 12508: 12476: 12474: 12473: 12472: 12471: 12431: 12413: 12378: 12364: 12341: 12334: 12316: 12303: 12273: 12251: 12207: 12186: 12163: 12144: 12099: 12081: 12045: 12007: 11981: 11971: 11945: 11911: 11900:Rose, Suzana. 11892: 11851: 11817: 11774: 11747: 11745: 11744: 11720: 11700: 11654: 11620: 11588: 11577:Chisholm, Hugh 11558: 11549: 11542: 11520: 11501: 11476: 11427: 11420: 11397: 11395: 11394: 11392:Word document. 11346: 11315: 11280: 11246: 11217: 11215: 11214: 11178: 11156: 11146:. 18 June 1999 11123: 11121: 11120: 11110:on 8 July 2011 11084: 11070: 11038: 11036: 11035: 11006: 10972: 10960:Spiegel Online 10950: 10928: 10901: 10857: 10850: 10832: 10796: 10769: 10762: 10740: 10712: 10664: 10610: 10584: 10558: 10532: 10509: 10483: 10450: 10410: 10381: 10352: 10326: 10290: 10264: 10252:Anadolu Agency 10238: 10207: 10179: 10165:Dagens Nyheter 10151: 10123: 10121: 10120: 10119: 10118: 10091: 10090: 10068: 10046: 10013: 9981: 9935: 9928: 9899: 9884: 9853: 9842:on 18 May 2019 9835:In These Times 9820: 9813: 9791: 9765: 9739: 9717: 9691: 9669: 9658: 9652:978-0816652754 9651: 9627: 9618: 9593: 9567: 9560: 9537: 9500: 9473: 9451: 9425: 9395: 9393: 9392: 9355: 9328: 9310: 9286: 9216: 9203:978-0702049316 9202: 9178: 9172: 9159: 9157:; Boland, 2002 9138: 9101: 9071: 9048: 9022: 8996: 8967: 8941: 8900: 8868: 8817: 8788: 8739: 8717: 8666: 8651: 8631: 8599: 8577: 8555: 8553:, paragraph 18 8532: 8501: 8479: 8444: 8422: 8410: 8398: 8396: 8395: 8389: 8372: 8366: 8349: 8343: 8315: 8303: 8242: 8173: 8172: 8170: 8167: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8085: 8080: 8075: 8070: 8064: 8062: 8059: 8025:European Union 8014: 8011: 8006: 8003: 7994: 7991: 7985: 7982: 7970: 7967: 7958: 7955: 7921: 7918: 7905: 7904: 7897: 7886: 7879: 7876:child marriage 7852: 7849: 7839: 7836: 7822: 7819: 7803:European Union 7761: 7758: 7693: 7690: 7650:Main article: 7647: 7644: 7624:women of color 7610: 7607: 7601: 7598: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7493: 7490: 7414:dowry violence 7404: 7401: 7397:victim blaming 7355: 7352: 7344:misinformation 7327: 7324: 7310: 7307: 7290:cyber violence 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7257: 7254: 7226:2010 World Cup 7220: 7217: 7205: 7202: 7196: 7193: 7147:representation 7131: 7128: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7102:premarital sex 7080: 7077: 7056: 7053: 7009: 7006: 6988: 6985: 6979:In China, the 6926:Czech Republic 6857: 6854: 6796:Main article: 6793: 6790: 6763: 6760: 6718: 6715: 6702:honor killings 6689:Honor killings 6685: 6684:Honor killings 6682: 6662:Main article: 6659: 6656: 6630:Main article: 6627: 6624: 6604: 6601: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6454:Son preference 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6321: 6318: 6259:sexual assault 6205: 6202: 6128:Latin American 6080:Cent Proverbes 6067: 6064: 6063: 6062: 6046:child marriage 5983:Main article: 5980: 5977: 5958:The custom of 5934: 5933:Dowry violence 5931: 5920:The custom of 5850:Main article: 5847: 5844: 5838:and permanent 5793:Hassi Messaoud 5778: 5775: 5773: 5770: 5708: 5705: 5700:sexual slavery 5587:sexual slavery 5576:Zechariah 14:2 5555:ethnic Chinese 5518:Main article: 5515: 5512: 5509:Sexual slavery 5507:Main article: 5504: 5501: 5404: 5401: 5358:Sexual assault 5337:Sexual assault 5328: 5325: 5322: 5321: 5318: 5314: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5304: 5301: 5297: 5296: 5293: 5289: 5288: 5285: 5281: 5280: 5275: 5259: 5256: 5255: 5254: 5251: 5248: 5245: 5242: 5239: 5236: 5233: 5230: 5215:sexual slavery 5183:sexual slavery 5159:dowry violence 5155:honor killings 5110: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5097: 5092: 5086: 5085: 5082: 5079: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5064: 5061: 5056: 5050: 5049: 5046: 5043: 5041:United Nations 5038: 5032: 5031: 5028: 5025: 5020: 5016: 5015: 5012: 5009: 5006: 4978: 4977: 4972: 4971: 4967: 4966: 4958: 4957: 4877: 4874: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4775: 4768: 4761: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4736: 4735: 4730: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4722: 4714: 4713: 4709: 4708: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4664:Feminist poets 4661: 4656: 4651: 4646: 4641: 4634: 4633: 4631:Feminist songs 4628: 4627: 4626: 4621: 4611: 4610: 4609: 4607:by nationality 4599: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4583: 4580: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4569: 4568: 4558: 4556:United Kingdom 4553: 4548: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4452: 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4310: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4263: 4262: 4259: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4233: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4207: 4206: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4180: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4167:Existentialism 4164: 4163: 4162: 4160:Justice ethics 4152: 4147: 4142: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4121: 4120: 4118:Constructivism 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4094: 4093: 4083: 4078: 4073: 4072: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4030: 4027: 4026: 4025:Areas of study 4022: 4021: 4019: 4018: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3969:Gender studies 3966: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3949: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3939: 3937: 3936: 3934:SCUM Manifesto 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3896: 3890: 3885: 3882: 3881: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3872: 3867: 3865:Women's rights 3862: 3859:Women's health 3855: 3850: 3845: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3743:Male privilege 3740: 3735: 3730: 3725: 3720: 3712:International 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3675: 3670: 3665: 3664: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3592: 3591: 3581: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3562: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3551: 3549:Technofeminism 3546: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3534: 3524: 3523: 3522: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3504: 3503: 3493: 3488: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3459: 3454: 3449: 3448: 3447: 3442: 3432: 3427: 3422: 3416: 3415: 3410: 3409: 3406: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3395: 3394: 3393: 3383: 3378: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3351: 3350: 3349: 3344: 3339: 3334: 3324: 3319: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3274: 3273: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3252: 3247: 3246: 3245: 3235: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3214: 3213: 3211:Other variants 3210: 3209: 3206: 3205: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3196: 3191: 3186: 3181: 3180: 3179: 3169: 3168: 3167: 3157: 3156: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3135: 3129: 3126: 3125: 3119: 3118: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3109: 3108: 3103: 3093: 3092: 3091: 3081: 3080: 3079: 3074: 3064: 3059: 3058: 3057: 3046: 3043: 3042: 3036: 3035: 3033: 3032: 3027: 3026: 3025: 3015: 3010: 3009: 3008: 3003: 2998: 2988: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2971: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2961: 2959: 2958: 2957: 2956: 2946: 2945: 2944: 2939: 2937:Cayman Islands 2932:United Kingdom 2929: 2924: 2923: 2922: 2917: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2863: 2860: 2859: 2852: 2851: 2850: 2849: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2839: 2834: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2812: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2781: 2779: 2778: 2777: 2776: 2771: 2766: 2761: 2751: 2746: 2740: 2735: 2732: 2731: 2728: 2727: 2719: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2699: 2698: 2696: 2695: 2688: 2681: 2673: 2670: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2657: 2656: 2655: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2634: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2586: 2584:Reverse racism 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2556: 2554:Prisoner abuse 2551: 2546: 2544:Power distance 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2521: 2516: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2462:Ethnic penalty 2459: 2458: 2457: 2455:Neurodiversity 2452: 2442: 2440:Dehumanization 2437: 2432: 2430:Cisnormativity 2427: 2422: 2417: 2411: 2410: 2409: 2408: 2406:Related topics 2405: 2404: 2401: 2400: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2322: 2321: 2311: 2306: 2301: 2296: 2291: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2278: 2277: 2274: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2263: 2262: 2257: 2252: 2250:State religion 2247: 2242: 2237: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2190: 2189: 2188: 2186:Nuremberg Laws 2183: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2140: 2135: 2130: 2128:Ghetto benches 2125: 2123:Gerrymandering 2120: 2115: 2110: 2108:Gender pay gap 2105: 2104: 2103: 2098: 2088: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2050: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1887:Lavender scare 1884: 1882:Kill Haole Day 1879: 1877:Indian rolling 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1853: 1852: 1842: 1837: 1836: 1835: 1825: 1820: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1763:Eliminationism 1760: 1755: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1698:Cancel culture 1695: 1690: 1685: 1684: 1683: 1672: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1667:Manifestations 1666: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1557:Middle Eastern 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1523: 1522: 1512: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1359: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1307: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1287: 1286: 1284:Zoroastrianism 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1249: 1248: 1247: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1211:Untouchability 1208: 1198: 1193: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1145: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1132: 1126: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1114: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1029:Leprosy stigma 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 895: 894: 893: 892: 889: 888: 885: 884: 878: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 846: 845: 840: 830: 825: 820: 815: 810: 805: 800: 795: 790: 785: 780: 774: 773: 772: 771: 768: 767: 764: 763: 757: 756: 751: 746: 741: 735: 734: 733: 732: 729: 728: 725: 724: 716: 715: 713:Discrimination 709: 708: 696: 695: 693: 692: 685: 678: 670: 667: 666: 665: 664: 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 624: 616: 615: 614:Related topics 611: 610: 609: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 578: 570: 569: 563: 562: 561: 560: 555: 550: 545: 538: 533: 528: 523: 518: 513: 508: 503: 498: 493: 488: 481: 480: 479: 474: 469: 459: 454: 449: 441: 440: 436: 435: 434: 433: 428: 427: 426: 421: 411: 409:Breast ironing 406: 398: 397: 393: 392: 391: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 369: 368: 363: 358: 353: 346:Sexual assault 343: 342: 341: 336: 334:Unacknowledged 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 261: 256: 251: 241: 236: 235: 234: 229: 227:Sexual slavery 224: 219: 214: 204: 199: 194: 186: 185: 181: 180: 179: 178: 173: 168: 163: 161:Pregnant women 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 133: 125: 124: 120: 119: 113: 112: 90: 89: 51: 49: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 25210: 25199: 25196: 25194: 25191: 25189: 25186: 25184: 25181: 25180: 25178: 25163: 25155: 25153: 25145: 25144: 25141: 25135: 25132: 25128: 25125: 25124: 25123: 25120: 25118: 25115: 25113: 25112:Social stigma 25110: 25106: 25103: 25101: 25098: 25096: 25093: 25092: 25091: 25088: 25086: 25083: 25081: 25078: 25076: 25073: 25071: 25068: 25066: 25063: 25059: 25056: 25055: 25054: 25051: 25049: 25046: 25044: 25041: 25039: 25036: 25034: 25031: 25029: 25026: 25024: 25021: 25019: 25016: 25014: 25011: 25009: 25006: 25004: 25001: 24999: 24996: 24994: 24991: 24989: 24986: 24982: 24979: 24978: 24977: 24974: 24972: 24969: 24967: 24964: 24962: 24959: 24957: 24954: 24952: 24949: 24947: 24944: 24942: 24939: 24937: 24934: 24930: 24927: 24925: 24922: 24921: 24920: 24917: 24915: 24912: 24910: 24907: 24905: 24902: 24900: 24897: 24895: 24892: 24890: 24887: 24886: 24884: 24880: 24874: 24871: 24869: 24866: 24864: 24861: 24859: 24856: 24854: 24851: 24849: 24846: 24844: 24841: 24839: 24836: 24834: 24831: 24829: 24826: 24824: 24821: 24819: 24816: 24814: 24811: 24809: 24806: 24802: 24799: 24798: 24797: 24794: 24792: 24789: 24787: 24784: 24782: 24779: 24777: 24774: 24772: 24769: 24767: 24764: 24763: 24761: 24757: 24751: 24748: 24746: 24743: 24741: 24738: 24736: 24735:State atheism 24733: 24731: 24728: 24726: 24723: 24719: 24716: 24714: 24711: 24709: 24706: 24704: 24701: 24700: 24699: 24696: 24694: 24691: 24689: 24686: 24684: 24681: 24677: 24674: 24672: 24671:Jim Crow laws 24669: 24668: 24667: 24664: 24662: 24659: 24657: 24656:One-drop rule 24654: 24652: 24650: 24646: 24644: 24641: 24639: 24636: 24634: 24631: 24629: 24626: 24624: 24621: 24619: 24616: 24614: 24611: 24609: 24606: 24604: 24601: 24599: 24596: 24592: 24589: 24587: 24584: 24583: 24582: 24579: 24577: 24574: 24572: 24571:Blood quantum 24569: 24567: 24564: 24562: 24559: 24558: 24556: 24550: 24544: 24541: 24539: 24536: 24534: 24531: 24529: 24526: 24524: 24521: 24519: 24518:Victimisation 24516: 24514: 24513:Trans bashing 24511: 24509: 24506: 24504: 24501: 24499: 24496: 24494: 24491: 24489: 24486: 24484: 24483:Religious war 24481: 24479: 24476: 24474: 24471: 24469: 24466: 24464: 24463:Racialization 24461: 24459: 24456: 24454: 24451: 24449: 24446: 24444: 24441: 24439: 24436: 24434: 24431: 24427: 24424: 24422: 24419: 24417: 24414: 24413: 24412: 24409: 24407: 24404: 24402: 24399: 24397: 24394: 24392: 24389: 24387: 24384: 24382: 24379: 24377: 24374: 24372: 24369: 24367: 24364: 24362: 24359: 24357: 24354: 24352: 24349: 24345: 24342: 24341: 24340: 24337: 24335: 24334:Glass ceiling 24332: 24328: 24325: 24324: 24323: 24320: 24318: 24315: 24313: 24310: 24308: 24305: 24303: 24300: 24298: 24295: 24293: 24290: 24288: 24285: 24283: 24280: 24278: 24277:Ethnic hatred 24275: 24273: 24270: 24268: 24265: 24263: 24260: 24258: 24255: 24253: 24250: 24248: 24245: 24243: 24240: 24238: 24235: 24233: 24230: 24228: 24225: 24223: 24220: 24218: 24215: 24213: 24212:Counter-jihad 24210: 24208: 24205: 24203: 24200: 24198: 24195: 24193: 24190: 24188: 24185: 24183: 24180: 24176: 24173: 24172: 24171: 24168: 24167: 24165: 24161: 24155: 24152: 24150: 24147: 24145: 24142: 24140: 24137: 24135: 24132: 24130: 24127: 24125: 24122: 24120: 24117: 24115: 24112: 24110: 24107: 24105: 24102: 24100: 24097: 24095: 24092: 24090: 24087: 24085: 24082: 24080: 24077: 24075: 24072: 24070: 24067: 24065: 24062: 24060: 24057: 24055: 24052: 24050: 24047: 24045: 24042: 24040: 24037: 24035: 24032: 24030: 24027: 24023: 24020: 24019: 24018: 24015: 24013: 24010: 24008: 24005: 24003: 24000: 23996: 23995:United States 23993: 23991: 23988: 23986: 23983: 23982: 23980: 23978: 23975: 23973: 23970: 23968: 23965: 23963: 23960: 23958: 23955: 23953: 23950: 23948: 23945: 23943: 23940: 23938: 23935: 23933: 23930: 23928: 23925: 23923: 23920: 23918: 23915: 23913: 23910: 23908: 23905: 23903: 23900: 23898: 23895: 23891: 23888: 23886: 23883: 23881: 23878: 23877: 23876: 23873: 23871: 23868: 23866: 23863: 23859: 23858:United States 23856: 23854: 23851: 23849: 23846: 23845: 23844: 23841: 23839: 23836: 23834: 23831: 23829: 23826: 23824: 23821: 23819: 23816: 23814: 23811: 23810: 23808: 23806: 23801: 23795: 23792: 23790: 23787: 23785: 23782: 23780: 23779:Protestantism 23777: 23775: 23772: 23768: 23765: 23764: 23763: 23760: 23754: 23751: 23749: 23746: 23744: 23741: 23739: 23736: 23735: 23734: 23731: 23730: 23729: 23726: 23722: 23719: 23717: 23714: 23713: 23712: 23709: 23707: 23704: 23700: 23697: 23695: 23694:LDS or Mormon 23692: 23690: 23687: 23685: 23682: 23680: 23677: 23676: 23675: 23672: 23670: 23667: 23665: 23662: 23660: 23657: 23656: 23654: 23652: 23648: 23642: 23639: 23637: 23634: 23630: 23627: 23625: 23624:Transmisogyny 23622: 23620: 23617: 23616: 23615: 23612: 23608: 23605: 23603: 23600: 23599: 23598: 23595: 23593: 23590: 23588: 23585: 23583: 23580: 23578: 23575: 23573: 23570: 23568: 23565: 23563: 23560: 23558: 23555: 23553: 23550: 23548: 23545: 23543: 23540: 23538: 23535: 23533: 23530: 23528: 23527:Gerontophobia 23525: 23523: 23520: 23518: 23515: 23513: 23510: 23508: 23505: 23503: 23500: 23498: 23495: 23493: 23490: 23488: 23485: 23483: 23480: 23478: 23475: 23473: 23470: 23468: 23465: 23463: 23460: 23458: 23457:Anti-intersex 23455: 23453: 23450: 23448: 23445: 23443: 23440: 23438: 23435: 23433: 23432:Anti-albinism 23430: 23428: 23425: 23423: 23420: 23418: 23415: 23414: 23412: 23408: 23402: 23399: 23397: 23394: 23392: 23389: 23387: 23384: 23382: 23379: 23377: 23374: 23370: 23367: 23365: 23362: 23361: 23360: 23357: 23355: 23352: 23350: 23347: 23345: 23342: 23340: 23337: 23335: 23332: 23330: 23327: 23325: 23322: 23320: 23317: 23315: 23312: 23310: 23307: 23305: 23302: 23301: 23299: 23295: 23289: 23286: 23284: 23281: 23279: 23276: 23274: 23273:Institutional 23271: 23270: 23268: 23264: 23260: 23253: 23248: 23246: 23241: 23239: 23234: 23233: 23230: 23218: 23215: 23213: 23210: 23209: 23207: 23203: 23197: 23194: 23192: 23189: 23187: 23184: 23183: 23181: 23177: 23171: 23168: 23166: 23163: 23161: 23158: 23156: 23153: 23151: 23148: 23146: 23143: 23141: 23138: 23136: 23133: 23131: 23128: 23126: 23123: 23122: 23120: 23116: 23110: 23107: 23105: 23104:United States 23102: 23100: 23097: 23095: 23092: 23090: 23087: 23085: 23082: 23080: 23077: 23075: 23072: 23070: 23067: 23065: 23062: 23061: 23059: 23055: 23049: 23046: 23044: 23041: 23039: 23036: 23034: 23031: 23029: 23026: 23024: 23021: 23019: 23016: 23014: 23011: 23009: 23006: 23004: 23001: 22999: 22996: 22995: 22993: 22989: 22984: 22974: 22971: 22969: 22966: 22964: 22961: 22959: 22956: 22954: 22951: 22949: 22946: 22944: 22941: 22940: 22938: 22934: 22929: 22922: 22917: 22915: 22910: 22908: 22903: 22902: 22899: 22887: 22884: 22882: 22881:Victimisation 22879: 22877: 22874: 22872: 22869: 22867: 22864: 22862: 22859: 22857: 22854: 22852: 22849: 22847: 22844: 22842: 22839: 22837: 22834: 22832: 22829: 22827: 22824: 22822: 22819: 22817: 22814: 22812: 22809: 22807: 22804: 22802: 22799: 22797: 22794: 22792: 22789: 22787: 22784: 22782: 22779: 22777: 22774: 22772: 22769: 22767: 22764: 22763: 22761: 22757: 22751: 22750: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22729: 22726: 22724: 22721: 22719: 22716: 22714: 22711: 22709: 22706: 22704: 22701: 22699: 22696: 22694: 22691: 22689: 22686: 22684: 22681: 22679: 22676: 22674: 22671: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22661: 22659: 22656: 22654: 22651: 22649: 22646: 22642: 22639: 22637: 22634: 22633: 22632: 22629: 22627: 22624: 22620: 22617: 22616: 22615: 22612: 22610: 22607: 22603: 22600: 22598: 22595: 22593: 22590: 22588: 22585: 22584: 22583: 22580: 22578: 22575: 22573: 22570: 22568: 22565: 22564: 22562: 22560: 22556: 22552: 22545: 22540: 22538: 22533: 22531: 22526: 22525: 22522: 22510: 22507: 22505: 22502: 22501: 22499: 22495: 22489: 22486: 22484: 22481: 22479: 22476: 22474: 22471: 22469: 22466: 22464: 22461: 22460: 22458: 22456:Organizations 22454: 22444: 22443: 22439: 22437: 22436: 22432: 22430: 22429: 22425: 22423: 22422: 22418: 22416: 22415: 22411: 22409: 22408: 22404: 22402: 22401: 22397: 22395: 22394: 22390: 22389: 22387: 22383: 22377: 22376: 22372: 22370: 22369: 22365: 22363: 22362: 22358: 22357: 22355: 22351: 22345: 22344: 22340: 22338: 22337: 22333: 22331: 22330: 22326: 22324: 22323: 22319: 22317: 22316: 22312: 22310: 22309: 22305: 22303: 22302: 22298: 22296: 22295: 22291: 22289: 22288: 22284: 22282: 22281: 22277: 22275: 22274: 22270: 22268: 22267: 22263: 22261: 22260: 22256: 22254: 22253: 22249: 22248: 22246: 22242: 22236: 22235: 22231: 22229: 22228: 22227:Silent Voices 22224: 22222: 22221: 22217: 22215: 22214: 22210: 22208: 22207: 22203: 22201: 22200: 22196: 22195: 22193: 22191:Documentaries 22189: 22186: 22182: 22172: 22169: 22167: 22164: 22162: 22159: 22157: 22156:Donna Ferrato 22154: 22152: 22149: 22147: 22144: 22142: 22139: 22137: 22136:Angela Barker 22134: 22132: 22129: 22128: 22126: 22122: 22116: 22115:Murray Straus 22113: 22111: 22108: 22106: 22103: 22101: 22098: 22096: 22093: 22091: 22090:Mary Ellsberg 22088: 22086: 22085:Emily Douglas 22083: 22081: 22080:Kenneth Dodge 22078: 22076: 22073: 22072: 22070: 22066: 22063: 22059: 22053: 22050: 22048: 22045: 22044: 22042: 22038: 22032: 22031:United States 22029: 22027: 22024: 22022: 22019: 22017: 22014: 22012: 22009: 22007: 22004: 22002: 21999: 21997: 21994: 21992: 21989: 21987: 21984: 21982: 21979: 21977: 21974: 21972: 21969: 21967: 21964: 21962: 21959: 21957: 21954: 21952: 21949: 21947: 21944: 21942: 21939: 21937: 21934: 21932: 21929: 21927: 21924: 21922: 21919: 21917: 21914: 21912: 21909: 21907: 21904: 21902: 21899: 21897: 21894: 21892: 21889: 21887: 21884: 21882: 21879: 21877: 21874: 21872: 21869: 21867: 21864: 21862: 21859: 21857: 21854: 21852: 21849: 21847: 21844: 21842: 21839: 21838: 21836: 21832: 21826: 21823: 21821: 21818: 21816: 21813: 21811: 21808: 21806: 21803: 21802: 21800: 21796: 21786: 21783: 21781: 21780:Sibling abuse 21778: 21776: 21773: 21771: 21768: 21766: 21763: 21761: 21758: 21756: 21753: 21752: 21750: 21746: 21740: 21737: 21735: 21732: 21730: 21727: 21725: 21722: 21720: 21717: 21715: 21712: 21710: 21707: 21705: 21702: 21700: 21697: 21695: 21692: 21690: 21687: 21686: 21684: 21680: 21677: 21673: 21663: 21660: 21658: 21655: 21653: 21650: 21648: 21645: 21643: 21640: 21638: 21635: 21633: 21630: 21628: 21625: 21623: 21620: 21618: 21615: 21613: 21610: 21608: 21605: 21603: 21600: 21598: 21595: 21593: 21589: 21588:Embarrassment 21586: 21584: 21581: 21579: 21576: 21574: 21571: 21570: 21568: 21566: 21565:Psychological 21562: 21556: 21553: 21551: 21548: 21546: 21543: 21541: 21540:Honor killing 21538: 21536: 21533: 21531: 21528: 21526: 21525:Bride burning 21523: 21521: 21518: 21517: 21515: 21513: 21509: 21503: 21500: 21498: 21495: 21493: 21490: 21488: 21485: 21483: 21480: 21479: 21477: 21475: 21471: 21468: 21464: 21458: 21455: 21453: 21450: 21448: 21445: 21443: 21440: 21438: 21435: 21433: 21430: 21428: 21425: 21423: 21420: 21419: 21417: 21413: 21409: 21402: 21397: 21395: 21390: 21388: 21383: 21382: 21379: 21372: 21369: 21367: 21364: 21361: 21358: 21355: 21351: 21348: 21346: 21342: 21337: 21333: 21332: 21327: 21322: 21321: 21311: 21307: 21303: 21299: 21295: 21291: 21287: 21286: 21280: 21276: 21272: 21268: 21264: 21260: 21256: 21253:: 1069–1070. 21252: 21248: 21244: 21243: 21237: 21233: 21231:9780199755912 21227: 21223: 21218: 21207:on 3 May 2022 21203: 21196: 21195: 21189: 21185: 21183:9780786421671 21179: 21175: 21170: 21166: 21162: 21158: 21154: 21150: 21146: 21142: 21138: 21134: 21129: 21126: 21122: 21118: 21116:0-609-80695-5 21112: 21108: 21103: 21101: 21097: 21094: 21089: 21085: 21081: 21077: 21073: 21069: 21065: 21061: 21057: 21053: 21052: 21046: 21042: 21038: 21034: 21030: 21026: 21022: 21018: 21014: 21010: 21008: 21003: 20999: 20994: 20989: 20985: 20981: 20980: 20975: 20970: 20966: 20962: 20958: 20954: 20950: 20946: 20942: 20941: 20935: 20931: 20927: 20923: 20919: 20915: 20911: 20908:: 1031–1048. 20907: 20903: 20899: 20898: 20892: 20888: 20884: 20880: 20874: 20870: 20862: 20858: 20854: 20850: 20845: 20841: 20837: 20833: 20829: 20825: 20821: 20817: 20813: 20809: 20805: 20801: 20799:9781138174023 20795: 20791: 20786: 20782: 20780:0-449-90820-8 20776: 20772: 20767: 20765: 20760: 20756: 20752: 20748: 20744: 20743: 20738: 20733: 20729: 20725: 20724: 20719: 20715: 20711: 20707: 20703: 20699: 20695: 20691: 20687: 20683: 20682: 20676: 20675: 20651: 20644: 20638: 20623: 20619: 20613: 20597: 20590: 20572: 20566: 20558: 20554: 20550: 20546: 20542: 20538: 20534: 20533: 20528: 20521: 20513: 20511:9780511479014 20507: 20503: 20499: 20493: 20485: 20481: 20477: 20473: 20468: 20463: 20459: 20455: 20451: 20447: 20439: 20431: 20427: 20420: 20412: 20408: 20401: 20393: 20387: 20379: 20375: 20371: 20367: 20363: 20359: 20355: 20351: 20347: 20343: 20342: 20334: 20326: 20324:9780300172621 20320: 20316: 20315: 20310: 20304: 20296: 20292: 20288: 20284: 20280: 20276: 20272: 20268: 20264: 20263: 20258: 20251: 20241: 20239:9789048128242 20235: 20231: 20227: 20222: 20218: 20214: 20209: 20204: 20200: 20196: 20192: 20188: 20184: 20178: 20174: 20170: 20165: 20160: 20156: 20152: 20149:: e117–e122. 20148: 20144: 20140: 20139: 20134: 20129: 20125: 20121: 20116: 20111: 20107: 20103: 20099: 20095: 20091: 20090: 20085: 20080: 20076: 20072: 20067: 20062: 20058: 20054: 20050: 20046: 20042: 20041: 20036: 20031: 20027: 20023: 20018: 20013: 20008: 20003: 19999: 19995: 19991: 19987: 19983: 19982: 19977: 19972: 19971: 19969: 19964: 19956: 19952: 19947: 19942: 19938: 19934: 19930: 19926: 19922: 19921: 19916: 19909: 19907: 19905: 19896: 19892: 19891: 19886: 19882: 19875: 19860: 19859: 19854: 19847: 19839: 19835: 19831: 19827: 19823: 19819: 19816:: 1365–1374. 19815: 19811: 19807: 19806: 19798: 19783: 19779: 19778: 19773: 19767: 19759: 19757:9780415914192 19753: 19749: 19745: 19738: 19721: 19720: 19715: 19710: 19699: 19698: 19693: 19689: 19685: 19670: 19669: 19663: 19662: 19660: 19655: 19638: 19637: 19632: 19627: 19616:. 10 May 2007 19615: 19614: 19609: 19605: 19593: 19589: 19588: 19585: 19581: 19577: 19573: 19572: 19570: 19565: 19549: 19545: 19541: 19535: 19519: 19515: 19511: 19504: 19496: 19492: 19487: 19482: 19478: 19474: 19470: 19466: 19462: 19455: 19440: 19436: 19430: 19422: 19416: 19401: 19397: 19391: 19375: 19371: 19367: 19363: 19357: 19349: 19345: 19338: 19331: 19312: 19308: 19301: 19300: 19295: 19289: 19273: 19269: 19265: 19264: 19256: 19240: 19236: 19232: 19231: 19223: 19221: 19212: 19210:9780761929185 19206: 19202: 19198: 19191: 19189: 19187: 19185: 19176: 19172: 19168: 19164: 19160: 19156: 19152: 19148: 19144: 19143: 19135: 19133: 19124: 19120: 19116: 19112: 19108: 19107: 19099: 19091: 19087: 19083: 19079: 19076:: 1301–1309. 19075: 19071: 19067: 19066: 19058: 19052: 19047: 19043: 19039: 19035: 19031: 19027: 19023: 19019: 19015: 19014: 19006: 19004: 19002: 19000: 18998: 18996: 18994: 18992: 18983: 18979: 18975: 18971: 18967: 18963: 18960:: 1209–1229. 18959: 18955: 18951: 18950: 18942: 18927: 18923: 18919: 18913: 18898: 18894: 18887: 18879: 18875: 18869: 18853: 18849: 18845: 18841: 18837: 18830: 18814: 18810: 18806: 18800: 18792: 18788: 18784: 18780: 18776: 18772: 18764: 18756: 18752: 18748: 18744: 18740: 18736: 18732: 18728: 18720: 18712: 18705: 18698: 18696: 18688: 18681: 18674: 18666: 18662: 18658: 18654: 18649: 18644: 18641:(47): 18–26. 18640: 18636: 18632: 18625: 18619: 18615: 18612: 18599: 18595: 18591: 18587: 18583: 18576: 18568: 18564: 18560: 18556: 18552: 18548: 18544: 18540: 18536: 18529: 18522: 18507: 18503: 18496: 18490: 18486: 18474: 18467: 18466: 18458: 18443: 18439: 18432: 18417: 18413: 18406: 18390: 18386: 18380: 18365: 18364: 18359: 18352: 18345: 18329: 18322: 18321: 18314: 18306: 18302: 18298: 18294: 18290: 18283: 18275: 18271: 18268:(4 ): 70–86. 18267: 18263: 18259: 18252: 18250: 18248: 18246: 18232: 18231: 18225: 18220: 18219: 18213: 18212: 18211: 18210: 18208: 18200: 18199: 18191: 18176: 18175: 18170: 18163: 18148: 18147: 18142: 18135: 18116: 18113:(June 2014). 18112: 18106: 18090: 18089: 18084: 18078: 18072: 18060: 18056: 18055: 18050: 18046: 18042: 18038: 18032: 18024: 18020: 18016: 18012: 18008: 18004: 18001:: 1232–1237. 18000: 17996: 17992: 17991: 17983: 17981: 17968: 17964: 17960: 17956: 17952: 17948: 17945:: 1083–1088. 17944: 17940: 17936: 17935: 17930: 17925: 17924: 17922: 17919: 17918: 17915: 17913:9789241545617 17909: 17905: 17901: 17900: 17892: 17884: 17880: 17876: 17869: 17858: 17851: 17849: 17840: 17836: 17832: 17828: 17824: 17820: 17816: 17812: 17808: 17807: 17799: 17797: 17795: 17775: 17771: 17764: 17758: 17742: 17738: 17734: 17728: 17720: 17716: 17712: 17708: 17704: 17700: 17692: 17685: 17672: 17665: 17664: 17656: 17648: 17644: 17643: 17638: 17631: 17619: 17615: 17611: 17607: 17603: 17599: 17595: 17591: 17587: 17583: 17578: 17577: 17575: 17572: 17571: 17568: 17564: 17560: 17556: 17552: 17548: 17544: 17540: 17536: 17532: 17525: 17509: 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April 2018. 15803: 15799: 15798: 15793: 15787: 15780: 15775: 15769: 15768: 15761: 15745: 15744: 15739: 15733: 15726:. 7 May 2022. 15725: 15719: 15712:. March 2018. 15711: 15710: 15705: 15699: 15690: 15675: 15671: 15664: 15658: 15657:9780815602668 15654: 15650: 15646: 15640: 15638: 15631: 15627: 15623: 15617: 15601: 15597: 15593: 15592: 15584: 15569: 15568: 15563: 15556: 15539: 15535: 15528: 15527: 15521: 15509: 15508: 15503: 15499: 15487: 15483: 15479: 15475: 15471: 15460: 15459: 15454: 15449: 15448: 15446: 15441: 15425: 15424: 15419: 15413: 15404: 15399: 15395: 15391: 15387: 15380: 15365: 15361: 15354: 15346: 15344:9789638991638 15340: 15333: 15332: 15324: 15316: 15312: 15311: 15303: 15287: 15283: 15279: 15278: 15273: 15266: 15258: 15254: 15250: 15246: 15241: 15236: 15232: 15228: 15224: 15223: 15218: 15211: 15209: 15207: 15205: 15189: 15185: 15179: 15171: 15167: 15166: 15161: 15155: 15140:on 9 May 2015 15139: 15135: 15131: 15127: 15123: 15117: 15102: 15098: 15091: 15081: 15073: 15069: 15063: 15055: 15051: 15045: 15038: 15036: 15032: 15028: 15024: 15007: 15003: 14996: 14995: 14990: 14984: 14965: 14958: 14957: 14949: 14933: 14932:Empower Women 14929: 14923: 14905: 14904: 14899: 14895: 14883: 14882: 14877: 14873: 14862: 14861: 14856: 14851: 14839: 14838: 14833: 14829: 14828: 14826: 14821: 14813: 14809: 14803: 14795: 14791: 14786: 14781: 14777: 14773: 14769: 14765: 14761: 14754: 14742: 14735: 14734: 14729: 14725: 14724: 14722: 14719: 14718: 14708: 14704: 14700: 14696: 14690: 14678: 14674: 14670: 14666: 14662: 14661: 14656: 14652: 14651: 14649: 14646: 14645: 14644: 14631: 14627: 14623: 14622: 14617: 14611: 14603: 14599: 14594: 14589: 14585: 14581: 14577: 14576: 14571: 14564: 14557: 14553: 14549: 14546: 14541: 14535: 14531: 14528: 14516: 14512: 14508: 14507: 14499: 14484: 14480: 14473: 14457: 14453: 14447: 14432: 14428: 14421: 14413: 14409: 14405: 14399: 14384: 14380: 14373: 14357: 14353: 14349: 14345: 14339: 14324: 14320: 14313: 14303: 14300: 14297: 14294: 14291: 14286: 14282: 14281: 14276: 14272: 14271: 14269: 14266: 14265: 14254: 14250: 14246: 14242: 14236: 14229: 14224: 14217: 14216: 14208: 14200: 14196: 14192: 14188: 14181: 14163: 14162: 14157: 14153: 14142: 14141: 14136: 14131: 14119: 14115: 14111: 14107: 14103: 14092: 14088: 14087: 14082: 14078: 14074: 14073: 14071: 14066: 14051: 14047: 14040: 14038: 14022: 14018: 14014: 14008: 13993: 13992: 13987: 13981: 13979: 13977: 13960: 13956: 13952: 13946: 13930: 13926: 13920: 13905: 13901: 13894: 13886: 13885: 13877: 13862: 13858: 13851: 13836: 13835: 13830: 13823: 13814: 13802: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13790: 13775: 13771: 13767: 13765: 13757: 13754: 13753: 13752: 13751: 13746: 13744:9780415280969 13740: 13736: 13732: 13731:"Getting fat" 13727: 13726: 13724: 13719: 13711: 13705: 13701: 13694: 13678: 13674: 13668: 13661: 13655: 13639: 13638: 13631: 13614: 13610: 13609: 13604: 13600: 13589: 13588: 13583: 13578: 13567: 13566: 13561: 13556: 13555: 13553: 13548: 13540: 13538:9781598844252 13534: 13530: 13529: 13521: 13513: 13509: 13505: 13501: 13497: 13493: 13489: 13485: 13481: 13477: 13470: 13468: 13459: 13453: 13449: 13444: 13443: 13437: 13433: 13429: 13423: 13412: 13408: 13401: 13395: 13387: 13383: 13376: 13374: 13372: 13356: 13352: 13351: 13347:(June 2000). 13346: 13340: 13338: 13329: 13322: 13315: 13297: 13296: 13291: 13287: 13276: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13253: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13241: 13239: 13238:News articles 13234: 13219: 13215: 13208: 13193: 13189: 13182: 13167:. 15 May 2018 13166: 13162: 13156: 13140: 13136: 13130: 13128: 13109: 13108: 13103: 13099: 13084: 13080: 13073: 13072: 13066: 13062: 13058: 13054: 13053: 13048: 13043: 13042: 13040: 13035: 13019: 13015: 13014: 13006: 12990: 12989:The Economist 12986: 12980: 12965: 12961: 12954: 12938: 12937: 12932: 12926: 12910: 12909: 12904: 12898: 12890: 12886: 12882: 12878: 12871: 12856: 12850: 12846: 12845: 12840: 12834: 12826: 12824:9781856494205 12820: 12815: 12814: 12808: 12801: 12795: 12782: 12778: 12774: 12770: 12764: 12748: 12747: 12742: 12736: 12721: 12720: 12715: 12708: 12693: 12689: 12685: 12679: 12663: 12659: 12658: 12653: 12647: 12632: 12631:Bible Gateway 12628: 12624: 12618: 12612: 12608: 12605: 12592: 12588: 12584: 12580: 12576: 12575: 12567: 12558: 12553: 12549: 12545: 12541: 12534: 12518: 12512: 12496: 12495: 12490: 12486: 12480: 12460: 12456: 12452: 12448: 12444: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12437: 12434: 12432:9780198763543 12428: 12424: 12417: 12398: 12391: 12390: 12382: 12367: 12365:9781100111636 12361: 12354: 12353: 12345: 12337: 12335:9780195433784 12331: 12327: 12320: 12306: 12300: 12296: 12292: 12288: 12284: 12277: 12258: 12254: 12252:9780890422922 12248: 12244: 12240: 12233: 12226: 12224: 12222: 12220: 12218: 12216: 12214: 12212: 12204: 12196: 12190: 12182: 12178: 12174: 12167: 12159: 12155: 12148: 12142: 12138: 12135: 12132: 12128: 12125: 12120: 12116: 12112: 12111: 12103: 12095: 12091: 12085: 12070: 12066: 12065: 12060: 12054: 12052: 12050: 12030: 12026: 12023:(in French). 12019: 12018: 12011: 11995: 11991: 11985: 11975: 11959: 11955: 11949: 11933: 11929: 11925: 11924:cdc.gov/ncipc 11921: 11915: 11907: 11903: 11896: 11888: 11884: 11880: 11876: 11873:: 1500–1520. 11872: 11868: 11864: 11863: 11855: 11839: 11835: 11831: 11830:cdc.gov/ncipc 11827: 11821: 11813: 11809: 11805: 11801: 11797: 11793: 11789: 11785: 11778: 11770: 11766: 11762: 11758: 11751: 11733: 11729: 11727: 11721: 11709: 11708:marinablue.fr 11705: 11701: 11686: 11682: 11678: 11671: 11666: 11665: 11663: 11658: 11639: 11632: 11631: 11624: 11608: 11604: 11603: 11598: 11592: 11584: 11583: 11578: 11573: 11568: 11562: 11553: 11545: 11543:9780060464196 11539: 11535: 11531: 11524: 11508: 11504: 11502:9780199600991 11498: 11494: 11490: 11486: 11480: 11473: 11470: 11464: 11460: 11456: 11452: 11448: 11444: 11440: 11439: 11431: 11423: 11421:9780415412322 11417: 11413: 11412: 11407: 11401: 11393: 11388: 11384: 11383: 11376: 11375: 11363: 11359: 11358: 11350: 11335: 11331: 11330: 11325: 11319: 11311: 11307: 11303: 11299: 11295: 11291: 11284: 11276: 11272: 11268: 11264: 11257: 11250: 11234: 11230: 11224: 11222: 11200: 11196: 11189: 11188: 11184:(July 2006). 11183: 11179: 11168: 11167: 11162: 11157: 11145: 11144: 11139: 11135: 11134: 11132: 11131:News articles 11127: 11106: 11102: 11095: 11094: 11089: 11085: 11078: 11077: 11071: 11060: 11059: 11054: 11050: 11049: 11047: 11042: 11021: 11014: 11013: 11007: 10995: 10991: 10987: 10980: 10979: 10973: 10962: 10961: 10956: 10951: 10940: 10939: 10934: 10929: 10917: 10913: 10912: 10907: 10902: 10900: 10898: 10894: 10880: 10879: 10878:New Statesman 10874: 10869: 10868: 10866: 10861: 10853: 10851:9788126114191 10847: 10843: 10836: 10820: 10816: 10815: 10810: 10806: 10800: 10792: 10788: 10784: 10780: 10773: 10765: 10763:9788131226841 10759: 10755: 10751: 10744: 10729: 10728: 10723: 10716: 10709: 10705: 10688: 10684: 10677: 10676: 10668: 10662: 10658: 10655: 10650: 10646: 10642: 10638: 10634: 10630: 10626: 10625: 10617: 10615: 10598: 10594: 10588: 10572: 10568: 10562: 10546: 10542: 10536: 10528: 10524: 10520: 10513: 10497: 10493: 10487: 10471: 10467: 10463: 10460: 10454: 10438: 10431: 10430: 10425: 10419: 10417: 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9452:9781844735556 9448: 9441: 9440: 9435: 9429: 9421: 9417: 9413: 9409: 9405: 9399: 9378: 9374: 9370: 9363: 9362: 9356: 9345: 9341: 9337: 9333: 9329: 9327: 9322: 9318: 9317: 9311: 9299: 9295: 9291: 9287: 9280: 9276: 9272: 9267: 9262: 9258: 9254: 9250: 9246: 9242: 9241: 9233: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9220: 9205: 9199: 9195: 9191: 9190: 9182: 9176: 9169: 9163: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9142: 9127: 9120: 9119: 9115:(July 1997). 9114: 9108: 9106: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9075: 9059: 9052: 9036: 9032: 9026: 9010: 9006: 9000: 8984: 8977: 8971: 8955: 8951: 8945: 8926: 8922: 8918: 8911: 8904: 8896: 8890: 8882: 8875: 8873: 8864: 8860: 8856: 8852: 8848: 8844: 8840: 8836: 8832: 8828: 8821: 8813: 8809: 8805: 8801: 8800: 8792: 8784: 8780: 8776: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8758: 8754: 8750: 8743: 8727: 8721: 8713: 8709: 8705: 8701: 8697: 8693: 8689: 8685: 8681: 8677: 8670: 8662: 8658: 8654: 8652:9789072631374 8648: 8644: 8643: 8635: 8616: 8609: 8603: 8587: 8581: 8565: 8559: 8542: 8536: 8519: 8515: 8511: 8505: 8489: 8483: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8458:Tolerancy.org 8455: 8448: 8432: 8426: 8419: 8414: 8407: 8402: 8392: 8390:9780415944076 8386: 8382: 8378: 8373: 8369: 8367:9781452256627 8363: 8359: 8355: 8350: 8346: 8344:9780815325208 8340: 8336: 8332: 8327: 8326: 8324: 8319: 8312: 8307: 8299: 8295: 8291: 8287: 8283: 8279: 8275: 8271: 8267: 8263: 8259: 8255: 8254: 8246: 8238: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8220: 8216: 8212: 8208: 8204: 8200: 8196: 8195: 8190: 8183: 8181: 8179: 8174: 8166: 8164: 8163: 8158: 8153: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 8074: 8071: 8069: 8066: 8065: 8058: 8056: 8051: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8034: 8030: 8026: 8020: 8010: 8002: 8000: 7990: 7981: 7976: 7966: 7964: 7954: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7928: 7917: 7915: 7909: 7901: 7898: 7895: 7890: 7887: 7883: 7880: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7858: 7857: 7856: 7848: 7844: 7835: 7832: 7828: 7818: 7816: 7812: 7808: 7804: 7799: 7794: 7790: 7786: 7779: 7774: 7766: 7757: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7734: 7732: 7728: 7723: 7719: 7714: 7713:" for women. 7712: 7708: 7703: 7698: 7685: 7679: 7675: 7671: 7666: 7658: 7653: 7643: 7641: 7637: 7633: 7629: 7625: 7621: 7616: 7606: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7588: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7573: 7569: 7565: 7561: 7556: 7554: 7553:public health 7550: 7546: 7542: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7526: 7521: 7507: 7503: 7499: 7489: 7485: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7457: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7443: 7439: 7435: 7431: 7427: 7426:Honor killing 7423: 7422:Acid throwing 7419: 7418:bride burning 7415: 7411: 7400: 7398: 7393: 7389: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7375: 7374:public health 7371: 7366: 7363: 7362: 7351: 7349: 7348:impersonation 7345: 7341: 7337: 7332: 7331:Generative AI 7326:Generative AI 7323: 7320: 7316: 7313:According to 7306: 7304: 7300: 7295: 7291: 7286: 7285:Cyberbullying 7280:Cyberbullying 7272: 7269: 7268: 7262: 7253: 7249: 7246: 7241: 7237: 7235: 7231: 7227: 7216: 7211: 7201: 7192: 7190: 7185: 7180: 7176: 7174: 7169: 7164: 7160: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7143: 7141: 7137: 7123: 7109: 7107: 7103: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7076: 7074: 7070: 7069:male guardian 7066: 7062: 7052: 7050: 7046: 7045:Kashf-e hijab 7042: 7037: 7035: 7031: 7027: 7023: 7019: 7015: 7002: 6998: 6993: 6984: 6982: 6977: 6974: 6969: 6965: 6960: 6958: 6957: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6945: 6940: 6935: 6931: 6927: 6922: 6920: 6916: 6912: 6908: 6904: 6900: 6894: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6880: 6872: 6867: 6863: 6853: 6851: 6845: 6843: 6839: 6836:The issue of 6834: 6832: 6828: 6824: 6820: 6816: 6812: 6808: 6804: 6799: 6789: 6787: 6784:during their 6783: 6777: 6768: 6759: 6757: 6753: 6749: 6744: 6739: 6735: 6727: 6723: 6714: 6710: 6707: 6703: 6699: 6695: 6690: 6681: 6679: 6675: 6671: 6665: 6655: 6653: 6649: 6645: 6644: 6639: 6638:force-feeding 6633: 6626:Force-feeding 6623: 6621: 6614: 6609: 6600: 6598: 6597: 6592: 6591:labia pulling 6588: 6584: 6580: 6578: 6572: 6570: 6566: 6562: 6558: 6554: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6536: 6534: 6526: 6521: 6513: 6508: 6504: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6480: 6477: 6473: 6472: 6467: 6463: 6459: 6455: 6448: 6443: 6435: 6427: 6413: 6411: 6407: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6391: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6362: 6358: 6350: 6346: 6341: 6334: 6330: 6326: 6317: 6315: 6311: 6307: 6302: 6300: 6296: 6292: 6288: 6284: 6279: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6252: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6236: 6229: 6225: 6219: 6215: 6211: 6201: 6198: 6192: 6189: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6173: 6169: 6165: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6140: 6135: 6133: 6129: 6125: 6122:. A study by 6121: 6116: 6111: 6108: 6103: 6101: 6097: 6093: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6076:JJ Grandville 6072: 6059: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6051: 6047: 6043: 6039: 6035: 6031: 6026: 6022: 6018: 6014: 6007: 6003: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5976: 5973: 5969: 5965: 5964:Bride burning 5961: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5943:Bride burning 5940: 5930: 5926: 5923: 5918: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5901: 5897: 5893: 5888: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5853: 5843: 5841: 5837: 5832: 5824: 5819: 5815: 5813: 5809: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5794: 5788: 5787:Acid throwing 5784: 5769: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5752: 5748: 5742: 5738: 5736: 5732: 5726: 5722: 5713: 5704: 5701: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5683: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5666: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5629: 5625: 5620: 5617: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5601: 5599: 5594: 5592: 5591:comfort women 5588: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5572: 5564: 5560: 5556: 5552: 5548: 5544: 5537: 5533: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5510: 5500: 5498: 5494: 5493: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5477: 5473: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5453: 5450: 5446: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5410: 5400: 5398: 5397:United States 5393: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5373: 5371: 5367: 5363: 5359: 5355: 5351: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5334: 5319: 5316: 5315: 5310: 5307: 5306: 5302: 5299: 5298: 5294: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5282: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5258:By age groups 5252: 5249: 5246: 5243: 5240: 5237: 5234: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5220: 5219:comfort women 5216: 5212: 5208: 5204: 5200: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5172: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5152: 5148: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5127:acid throwing 5124: 5120: 5116: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5087: 5083: 5081:11 July 2003 5080: 5078: 5077:African Union 5075: 5073: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5062: 5060: 5057: 5055: 5052: 5051: 5047: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5013: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5003: 4997: 4994: 4990: 4987:, as used in 4986: 4985: 4976:exploitation. 4974: 4973: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4960: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4942: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4891: 4888: 4884: 4872: 4870: 4864: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4847: 4842: 4840: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4825: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4785: 4774: 4769: 4767: 4762: 4760: 4755: 4754: 4752: 4751: 4748: 4738: 4737: 4726: 4723: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4716: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4685: 4682: 4680: 4677: 4675: 4672: 4670: 4667: 4665: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4655: 4652: 4650: 4647: 4645: 4642: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4616: 4615: 4612: 4608: 4605: 4604: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4594: 4592: 4591: 4587: 4586: 4578: 4577: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4561:United States 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4411: 4410: 4409:Latin America 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4269: 4268: 4265: 4264: 4257: 4256: 4242: 4239: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4231:Technoscience 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4161: 4158: 4157: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4143: 4141: 4138: 4137: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4092: 4089: 4088: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4054:Art criticism 4052: 4051: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4031: 4029: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4017: 4016: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4004:Men's studies 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3947: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3904:Views on BDSM 3902: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3888: 3880: 3879: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3856: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3828:Transmisogyny 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3788:Purplewashing 3786: 3784: 3783:Protofeminism 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3734: 3731: 3729: 3726: 3724: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3699: 3696: 3694: 3693:Honor killing 3691: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3648: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3590: 3587: 3586: 3585: 3582: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3571: 3564: 3563: 3555: 3552: 3550: 3547: 3543: 3540: 3538: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3521: 3518: 3517: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3482: 3479: 3473: 3470: 3469: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3463: 3462:Individualist 3460: 3458: 3455: 3453: 3450: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3436: 3435:Cyberfeminism 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3417: 3413: 3408: 3407: 3399: 3396: 3392: 3389: 3388: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3356: 3355: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3343: 3340: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3314: 3310: 3305: 3304: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3275: 3271: 3268: 3266: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3251: 3248: 3244: 3241: 3240: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3218:Anti-abortion 3216: 3215: 3208: 3207: 3195: 3192: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3182: 3178: 3175: 3174: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3161: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3124: 3123:Multicultural 3121: 3120: 3114: 3111: 3107: 3106:Transnational 3104: 3102: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3094: 3090: 3087: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3070: 3069: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3056: 3053: 3052: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3045: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3037: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3023:Postgenderism 3021: 3020: 3019: 3018:Transfeminism 3016: 3014: 3011: 3007: 3004: 3002: 2999: 2997: 2994: 2993: 2992: 2989: 2987: 2984: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2969: 2955: 2952: 2951: 2950: 2949:United States 2947: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2935: 2934: 2933: 2930: 2928: 2925: 2921: 2918: 2916: 2913: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2905: 2903: 2902:Liechtenstein 2900: 2898: 2895: 2893: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2878: 2875: 2873: 2870: 2868: 2865: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2848: 2845: 2844: 2838: 2835: 2833: 2830: 2829: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2816: 2810: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2789: 2788: 2784: 2783: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2739: 2738: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2713: 2709: 2705: 2704: 2694: 2689: 2687: 2682: 2680: 2675: 2674: 2672: 2671: 2661: 2658: 2654: 2651: 2650: 2649: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2638:Social stigma 2636: 2632: 2629: 2627: 2624: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2602: 2599: 2597: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2555: 2552: 2550: 2547: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2520: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2505: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2483: 2480: 2478: 2475: 2473: 2470: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2412: 2403: 2402: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2300: 2297: 2295: 2292: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2272: 2271: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2245:State atheism 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2229: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2214: 2211: 2210: 2209: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2181:Jim Crow laws 2179: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2169: 2167: 2166:One-drop rule 2164: 2162: 2160: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2114: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2102: 2099: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2087: 2084: 2082: 2081:Blood quantum 2079: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2069: 2068: 2059: 2058: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2025: 2024:Victimisation 2022: 2020: 2019:Trans bashing 2017: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2005: 2002: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1992: 1990: 1989:Religious war 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1969:Racialization 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1933: 1930: 1928: 1925: 1923: 1920: 1919: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1840:Glass ceiling 1838: 1834: 1831: 1830: 1829: 1826: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1816: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1783:Ethnic hatred 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1718:Counter-jihad 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1679: 1678: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1664: 1663: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1615: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1517: 1516: 1513: 1511: 1508: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1494: 1493:United States 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1375: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1356:United States 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1308: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1270: 1269:Protestantism 1267: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1250: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1203: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1190: 1187: 1185: 1184:LDS or Mormon 1182: 1180: 1177: 1175: 1172: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1162: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1152: 1150: 1147: 1146: 1140: 1135: 1134: 1124: 1121: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1106:Transmisogyny 1104: 1102: 1099: 1098: 1097: 1094: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1025: 1022: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1009:Gerontophobia 1007: 1005: 1002: 1000: 997: 995: 992: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 977: 975: 972: 970: 967: 965: 962: 960: 957: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 939:Anti-intersex 937: 935: 932: 930: 927: 925: 922: 920: 917: 915: 914:Anti-albinism 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 896: 887: 886: 876: 873: 871: 868: 866: 863: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 844: 841: 839: 836: 835: 834: 831: 829: 826: 824: 821: 819: 816: 814: 811: 809: 806: 804: 801: 799: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 775: 766: 765: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 740: 739:Institutional 737: 736: 727: 726: 722: 718: 717: 714: 711: 710: 706: 702: 701: 691: 686: 684: 679: 677: 672: 671: 669: 668: 663: 660: 658: 655: 653: 650: 648: 645: 643: 640: 638: 635: 633: 630: 628: 625: 623: 620: 619: 618: 617: 613: 612: 607: 604: 602: 599: 597: 596:Belém do Pará 594: 592: 589: 587: 584: 582: 579: 577: 574: 573: 572: 571: 568: 565: 564: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 543: 539: 537: 534: 532: 529: 527: 524: 522: 519: 517: 514: 512: 509: 507: 504: 502: 501:Force-feeding 499: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 486: 482: 478: 477:and pregnancy 475: 473: 470: 468: 465: 464: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 444: 443: 442: 438: 437: 432: 429: 425: 422: 420: 417: 416: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 401: 400: 399: 396:Disfigurement 395: 394: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 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country 637:6 February 472:management 361:In Service 319:Statistics 309:Prevention 259:Corrective 171:Sororicide 64:editing it 25095:Christian 25023:Prejudice 24971:Masculism 24919:Diversity 24713:religious 24688:Redlining 24287:Ethnocide 24247:Education 24139:Ukrainian 24074:Pakistani 24064:Mongolian 23985:Australia 23967:Hungarian 23922:Colombian 23902:Bulgarian 23784:Rastafari 23738:Ahmadiyya 23651:Religious 23629:Trans men 23587:Pregnancy 23522:Gayphobia 23517:Fatphobia 23422:Acephobia 23417:Arophobia 23401:Viewpoint 23186:Australia 23109:Venezuela 23089:Guatemala 23064:Argentina 22816:Isolation 22636:Financial 22287:Daughters 22124:Activists 22068:Academics 21926:Lithuania 21856:Australia 21841:Argentina 21617:Isolation 21041:143985481 20930:144380933 20887:654453001 20840:141709189 20723:Big Think 20706:144455844 20692:: 67–88. 20627:8 October 20557:154383871 20467:1807/2587 20370:143393426 20089:Addiction 19890:Fresh Air 19659:Citations 19582:Hungary – 19569:Citations 18982:144980514 18902:10 August 18858:10 August 18819:10 August 18545:: 18–26. 17719:1077-8012 17618:141110449 17567:143655449 17355:0261-3077 17246:149965889 17175:144492709 16930:"Mission" 16893:145061857 16715:146752259 16604:193500507 16448:244923072 16305:224924792 16257:241638877 16183:198599058 15971:6 October 15960:Arab News 15938:3 October 15910:3 October 15876:194879317 15817:, p. 115. 15630:1735-4730 15594:(Audio). 15538:793983613 15445:Citations 15257:159856987 15233:: 17–31. 15015:8 October 14973:8 October 14938:3 October 14910:3 October 14888:3 October 14866:3 October 14844:3 October 13770:WordPress 13723:Citations 13644:8 October 13552:Citations 13302:3 October 13280:3 October 13258:3 October 13171:20 August 13145:3 October 13039:Citations 12587:758907108 11812:143516578 11769:712557481 11662:Citations 11487:(2016) . 11046:Citations 10975:Various. 10649:145522253 10577:13 August 10551:13 August 10502:13 August 10314:0190-8286 9758:2 January 9732:2 January 9710:2 January 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2445:Diversity 2223:religious 2198:Redlining 1793:Ethnocide 1753:Education 1637:Ukrainian 1572:Pakistani 1562:Mongolian 1483:Australia 1465:Hungarian 1420:Colombian 1400:Bulgarian 1274:Rastafari 1228:Ahmadiyya 1139:Religious 1111:Trans men 1069:Pregnancy 1004:Gayphobia 999:Fatphobia 904:Acephobia 899:Arophobia 875:Viewpoint 324:Statutory 304:Pregnancy 284:Genocidal 176:Uxoricide 156:Matricide 25152:Category 25134:The talk 25070:Snobbery 24988:Net bias 24818:Feminism 24745:Ugly law 24586:Catholic 24554:policies 24401:Mortgage 24396:Lynching 24327:examples 24322:Genocide 24242:Economic 24227:Democide 24187:Bullying 24104:Romanian 24069:Nigerian 24012:Japanese 23947:Georgian 23932:Filipino 23865:Assyrian 23838:Armenian 23828:American 23823:Albanian 23805:National 23789:Yazidism 23711:Hinduism 23669:Buddhism 23572:Nepotism 23567:Misogyny 23562:Misandry 23487:Clannism 23482:Biphobia 23427:Adultism 23344:Language 23057:Americas 23028:Pakistan 23008:Cambodia 22948:Ethiopia 22728:Stalking 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8219:25570854 8061:See also 8046:de facto 7993:Americas 7707:suffrage 7646:Activism 7584:Democrat 7547:and the 7545:Quechuas 7533:genocide 7446:Caucasus 7438:Ethiopia 7378:HIV/AIDS 7299:Facebook 7256:Military 7175:domain. 7159:violence 7157:Acts of 7130:Politics 7093:flogging 6930:Slovakia 6831:Cambodia 6807:pregnant 6678:chisamba 6553:hysteria 6400:, rural 6347:town of 6235:marriage 6120:Ethiopia 6107:murdered 6100:roommate 6066:Physical 5840:scarring 5783:Stalking 5766:coercion 5737:states, 5686:Rohingya 5659:Fallujah 5612:militias 5610:and the 5565:officer. 5478:and, in 5452:Cheonmin 5300:Girlhood 5199:flogging 5175:war rape 4935:violence 4869:pandemic 4814:against 4597:Articles 4536:Thailand 4491:Pakistan 4461:Malaysia 4444:Paraguay 4434:Honduras 4282:Ethiopia 4236:Theology 4221:Sexology 4216:Sex wars 4130:Pedagogy 3883:Outlooks 3763:Misogyny 3631:Femicide 3616:Equality 3567:Concepts 3532:Cultural 3491:Equality 3472:Stiletto 3467:Lipstick 3391:Orthodox 3354:Neopagan 3342:Womanist 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