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Mabusing and Datu. 3 Trekking north of that line of Jolo "mounts," the left Column comprised 150 men of 365 Inf Bn and 55 FA Bn. Skirting the north slopes of the Jolo "mounts," they might be most remote from Moro attacks. (Among FA men was Pvt
Akiyoshi Fujioka who still remembers the wild fighting. Being against the war, Fujioka had refused his opportunity to become and officers.) Jap arms were superior to Moro carbines and Krises despite their mortar Pln. Japs had about 10 LMGs, a few HMGs, and 100 rifles and bayonets. Every man carried a grenade or two–for suicide. Some Moros had butchered dying men. And on 29 July, 3 die-hard colummns moved out for Mt Bahu– probably with first light. Behind them was the sharp crack of grenades where sick and wounded killed themselves. Air-line distances from Tumatangas to Bahu was just 8 miles, but the move lasted too many days. Left Column just 5 days, but Middle and Right columns took 5 days longer. Most of the 500 were killed. The march lasted too long because it could not be a direct march against the Moro multitudes before them. Per-haps the Japs had to retreat at times–or tried round Moro flanks–or marched at night to hide and rest in the day-time. In the Left Column, Fujioka still has hard memories of the march. Moros often tracked them closely and killed men. Jap Mgs helped pile up dead the fanatical rushes, but half those Mgs were lost to Moro charges. Sometimes the Japs used kirikome - an almost suicidal attack with rifle butts and bayonets. After one of these, a man wondered why he lived. Fujioka has poignant memories of fear and hunger and furious battle. One night, the starving Left Column found a field of camotes ( sweet potatoes ). When they were tiredly digging them — bare hands or bayonets - Moros surrounded them and struck down many men before they were beaten off. Next day, the Japs hoped to rest in a narrow valley. Again Moros surrounded them and attacked. Again, there was kirikome - hand to hand fighting, wounds, suffering, and death. Onward fought this Left Column. Skirting northern slopes of Mts Magusing, Agao, Pula, and Datu, they covered mostly in second growth woods. Yet by the time they reached Magusing, they had 70 casualties of their 150 men. After 5 days, 2 Apr. They were first to reach Mt Bahu. On the south side of the " mounts " where Left Column marched, the 150 - strong Middle Column of 563 Bn had a harder fight. Three days after starting, they were still just past Mt Tumatangas. Near Mt Kagangan, guerillas mortared them. They broke through the guerillas ' lines, but lost 50 of their 150. Two days later, they reunited with Suzuki's Right Column remnants. But Gen Suzuki was killed in action the day before the 2 columns were merged. His Middle Column had passed through Indanan Village and along the south slopes of Mt Daho. On the whole route, they endured attacks. Suzuki was killed on 1 August. Only 50 of the 150 still lived. On 2 Aug, Middle and Right Columns became one. On 7 Aug. 10 days after leaving Hill 785, the Jap " army " reunited on Mt Bahu — about 180 of 500 men who started. On Bahu, death closed down on those 180 diseased, starved, and ever - thirsty men. They lacked strength even to dig perimeter. They lacked a spring for water - just a few drops from a trickle through the grass between rocks. They must catch the slow drops in canteens by day, for they had no lights to get water at night. Moros lurked for them and struck them down. Suddenly a US plane fluttered leaflets among them. "War is over," they said. "If any soldiers live, please come under arms to Matanden, a small hill 2 kilometers NE of Bahu." New CO Maj Temmyo said, "Those are lies. If you believe in them, we'll killed you now!" But Fujioka believe in them, for they said "Come un-der arms." Without surrender, he knew that they would all die within 10 days—from starvation or Moro krises. So Pvt Fujioka signed to 5 men who slipped away with him. In 30 minutes, the 6 gathered, sad at leaving, but hop-ing to live. A Sgt who knew English opened a map, and reasoned that the rendezvous was not Matanden but Mt Tanbang. And at Tanbang, these 6 Japanese received their lives and Japan back again — from the black soldiers and white officers of 368 Inf, 92 Div. Back on Mt Bahu, Maj Temmyo's Japs also received back their lives. ... Maj Temmyo never gave official credit to Fujioka's men for saving his life. But Fujioka is alive and well in Tokyo. CREDIT: RR Smith's Return to the Philippines tells how 55 IMB was formed. Artilleryman Fujioka tells about voyage from Luzon, his gun on Jolo, the death - march, and surrender. Dates of his letters are 22 Oct 1986; 9 Jan, 1 Feb, 9 Mar, 30 June 1987; and 20 Jan, 26 Apr 1989. ( Fujioka partly quotes from his hardback book, The Memoir of a Survivor on Jolo written in Japanese script that I cannot read. ) Maj Tokichi Tenmyo's post - war interview with a US ofsicer provides statistics and dates of 3 columns ' fight to reach Mt Bahu, and the final surrender. ( Later name of Bahu is Mt Sinumaan which Fujioka finds in modern Filipino high school texts. ) Our Last ANZAC Day ANZAC is an acronym for the 22.
2035:
blade and give up all their guns, killing anyone who didn't obey the order. The
Japanese executions of Maranos who kept their firearms led to Maranao revenge attacks against the Japanese. Manalao Mindalano was one of the Maranao insurgents fighting the Japanese. The Japanese at Dansalan massacred and bayoneted 24 Maranao men and women civilians in Watu village while searching for Manalao Mindalano even though they had no relations to his guerilla group. The Maranaos then destroyed a Japanese convoy by shooting at their tires and drivers causing them to crash off bridges and roads. Maranao houses were then burned by the Japanese. A Japanese infantry company was slaughtered by Maranao villages with bladed weapons in September 1942 in the battle of Tamparan. The battle started on the 1st day of Ramadan on 12 September when the Japanese, searching for a Maranao guerilla leader in Tamapran sent 90 Japanese infantrymen there. The Japanese used mortars to fire on the Maranaos after they defied the Japanese patrol. Maranaos around and in Tamparan came with bladed weapons and rifles to attack the Japanese as they heard the mortar shells. Most of the Maranaos only had blades and charged the Japanese directly through their mortar and bullet fire while Maranos with rifles attacked the Japanese from the rear while crawling in the grass. The Japanese were pinned down from three directions and out of ammunition and tried to escape to boats on Lake Lanao but were stuck in the marsh. The Japanese were stuck in the mud by their boots while trying to use their bayonets as the Moros who went barefoot hacked at them. Japanese tried to surrender as they were defeated by the Maranao refused to accept surrender. Some Japanese soldiers under 1st Lieutenant Atsuo Takeuchi tried to escape to a boat on the pier but the forced labour on the boats already escaped into the lake and the Japanese were stuck. Takeuchi tried to surrender and threw away his sword but a Maranao hacked him to death and mocked him, saying "No surrender Tekeuchi!" as he recalled that Tekuchi boasted before that Japanese never surrendered. 85 Japanese were hacked to death on the lake near Tamparan. The Maranaos hacked and mutilated the Japanese corpses. The Japanese responded to the battle by bombarding Maranao villages including Tamparan from air and artillery for 25 days, massacring civilian children and women Maranaos. 80 Maranao civilian children, women and men were killed in a mosque by a Japanese bomb. Maranaos then blocked culverts, cut down trees and razed the road to block Japanese movement as the felled trees and blocked culverts would cause the rain to destroy what was left of the roads. At Ganassi a Japanese garrison was besieged by Maranao. At Lake Lanao the Maranao severed communications and contact between 3 Japanese garrisons in total by the conclusion of 1942. Before US guerillas even started their insurgency against Japan, Lanao Plateau was liberated by Maranao from Japanese control. Moros in other places like Datu Udtug Matalam fought the Japanese in upper Cotabato Valley and Bukdnon. Japanese avoided Datu Udtug since 1942 because he constantly attacked their garrisons. Udtug Matalam's brother in law Salipada Pendatun fought the Japanese in Bukidnon, expelling them from Malaybalay, the provincial capital, Del Monte airfield and garrisons in Bukidnon in a period of six months in 1942-1943 and winning a battle at a POW camp.
1959:
2057:
2027:
Wendell Fertig in mid 1943. The Moros also performed various cruelties during the war, such as thoughtlessly assaulting
Japanese immigrants already living in Mindanao before the war. The warlord Datu Busran Kalaw was known for boasting that he "fought both the Americans, Filipinos and the Japanese", which took the lives of both American and Filipino agents and the Japanese occupiers. Nonetheless, the Americans respected the success of the Moros during the war. American POW Herbert Zincke recalled in his secret diary that the Japanese guarding him and other prisoners were scared of the Moro warriors and tried to keep as far away from them as possible to avoid getting attacked. The American Captain Edward Kraus recommended Moro fighters for a suggested plan to capture an airbase in Lake Lanao before eventually driving the Japanese occupiers out of the Philippines. The Moro Datu Pino sliced the ears off Japanese and cashed them in with the American guerrilla leader Colonel Fertig at the exchange rate of a pair of ears for one bullet and 20 centavos.
1791:, in exchange of civilian clothes. The Huk recruitment campaign progressed more slowly than Taruc had expected, due to competition with U.S. Army Forces Far East (USAFFE) guerrilla units in enlisting new soldiers. The U.S. units already had recognition among the islands, had trained military leaders, and an organized command and logistical system. Despite being restrained by the American sponsored guerrilla units, the Huks nevertheless took to the battlefield with only 500 men and much fewer weapons. Several setbacks at the hands of the Japanese and with less than enthusiastic support from USAFFE units did not hinder the Huks growth in size and efficiency throughout the war, developing into a well-trained, highly organized force with some 15,000 armed fighters by war's end. The Huks attacked both the Japanese and other non-Huk guerrillas. One estimate alleges that the Huks killed 20,000 non-Japanese during the occupation.
178:
1865:
632:
444:
432:
396:
384:
549:
268:
256:
244:
232:
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His diary mentioned the majority of
Japanese on Jolo were slaughtered, succumbing to malaria and to Moro attacks. Japanese corpses littered the ground, decaying, infested with maggots and smelling horrendous. Fukao and other Japanese survivors surrendered to the Americans to avoid being slaughtered by the Moro Muslims and after they were in American custody a group of Moros grasping their daggers saw them and wanted to slaughter them. One Moro mentioned how his 12 year old son was eaten by Japanese soldiers at a mountain and he was slaughtering all Japanese soldiers from that area and Fujioka saw he was wearing the wristwatch of Japanese Sergeant Fukao.
144:
1536:
600:
584:
323:
304:
292:
280:
4542:この野郎、処置なしだ、人のところへ来て死にやがって。心臓が弱いと、俺のところが死場所になってしまう」こんな会話を聞いても誰一人振り向きもしなかった。我々の周囲には、死体が点々と転がり、腫れ上り、蛆がわき、悪臭に嘔吐を催した。 Page 205 変転極まりなき人の世とは言え、この死の一つに加わるものと思い込んでいた自分が、転進の際残留した者が、そのままの場所で死んでいるものであった。小あばは膨れ上り、ある者は全身蛆に被われ、ある者は半ば白骨となり、甚だしきは土の中かうじ. Page 155 "「ああ、もう死にやがったな。この野郎、処置なしだ、人のところへ来て死にやがって。心臓が弱いと、俺のところが死場所になってしまう」こんな会話を聞いても誰一人振り向きもしなかった。我々の周囲には、死体が点々と転がり、腫れ上り、蛆がわき、悪臭に嘔吐を催した。" この一篇を、ホ島のツマンタンガス並びにシロマンの山々に、今もなお知る人もなく散在し、ジャングルの腐土に埋まっている、六千名の白骨に捧ぐ。昭和五十三年十二月(注原文では、地名、人名等が略字になっている個処があるが、本書では、できる限り正名 ... 変転極まりなき人の世とは言え、この死の一つに加わるものと思い込んでいた自分が、転進の際残留した者が、そのままの場所で死んでいるものであった。小あばは膨れ上り、ある者は全身蛆に被われ、ある者は半ば白骨となり、甚だしきは土の中かうじ.
163:
639:
420:
408:
371:
357:
344:
1857:
a floating briefcase, then handed them over to the guerrillas, whereupon the
Japanese ruthlessly hunted down both the documents and their captured officers, burning villages and detaining civilians in the process. They ultimately forced the guerrillas to release their captives in order to stop the aggression, but Cushing managed to summon a submarine which transported the documents to Allied headquarters in Australia. The contents of the papers were a factor in MacArthur's decision to move his planned invasion site from Mindanao to Leyte, and also aided the Allies in the
534:
123:
49:
569:
2111:
Philippines was left out, describing the
Filipino soldiers as mere "Second Class Veterans". Then in 1946, the Rescission Act was enacted to mandate some aid to Filipino veterans, but only to those who had disabilities or serious injuries. The only benefit the United States could give at that time was the Immigrant Act, which made it easier for Filipinos who served in World War II to get American citizenship. It was not until 1996 that the veterans started seeking recognition from the United States. Representative
9638:
1544:
614:
1821:
697:
456:
1852:, these papers contained vital battle plans and defensive strategies of the Japanese Navy (code-named the "Z Plan"), information on the overall strength of the Japanese fleet and naval air units, and most importantly the fact that the Japanese had already deduced MacArthur's initial plans to invade the Philippines through Mindanao. These papers came into Filipino possession when Koga's seaplane, en route to Davao, crashed on the Cebu coast at
1907:, a former Filipino soldier turned resistance fighter and leader. After the fall of the country, he successfully escaped capture by the Japanese and established a united guerrilla front in Leyte. He and his men, the Black Army, were successful in pushing the Japanese from the mainland province and further into the coastlands of Southern Leyte. Kangleon's guerrillas provided intelligence for the American guerrilla leaders such as
6344:
1899:. Nieves extensively trained her men in combat skills and making of improvised weaponry, as well as leading her men in the front. With only 110 men, Nieves managed to take out over 200 Japanese soldiers during the occupation. The Imperial Japanese Army posted a 10,000 pesos reward on her head in the hopes of capturing her but to no avail. The main commander of the resistance movement in the Island of
715:
497:
484:
471:
204:
192:
1730:
1508:. The death toll of the march is difficult to assess as thousands of captives were able to escape from their guards (although many were killed during their escapes), and it is not known how many died in the fighting that was taking place concurrently. All told, approximately 2,500–10,000 Filipino and 300–650 American prisoners of war died before they could reach Camp O'Donnell.
2039:
teeth off
Japanaese soldiers who in one month slaughtered 1,000 Japanese after they came to the island. Fujioka and his fellow Japanese soldiers were overjoyed when they finally reached an American base to surrender to since they knew their only other fate was being butchered by Moro Muslims or starvation. Injured Japanese were slaughtered by Moros with their
2087:
the
Visayas such as Cebu, Panay and Negros. During the occupation, many Filipino soldiers and guerrillas never lost hope of the United States. Their objective was to both continue the fight against the Japanese and prepare for the return of the Americans. They were instrumental in helping the United States liberate the rest of the islands from the Japanese.
5278:. Vol. 1 di International studies / Center for East Asian Studies, University of Kansas: East Asian series research publication (1 of Center for East Asian Studies, University of Kansas. International studies, East Asian series research publication, no. 1 ed.). Center for East Asian Studies, University of Kansas. p. 2.
1353:(Filipinos fighting for the Japanese). Postwar studies estimate that around 260,000 people were organized under guerrilla groups and that members of anti-Japanese underground organizations were more numerous. Such was their effectiveness that by the end of World War II, Japan controlled only twelve of the forty-eight provinces.
1726:. After being betrayed to the Japanese by a Japanese collaborator, Vinzons was tortured to give up information on his resistance movement. Vinzons however refused to cooperate, and he and his family, consisting of his father Gabino, his wife Liwayway, sister Milagros and children Aurora and Alexander, were bayoneted to death.
4442:
4068:
2614:
WHEREAS, At the
February 1945 "Battle of Manila," 100,000 men, women, and children were killed by Japanese armed forces in inhumane ways, adding to a total death toll that may have exceeded one million Filipinos during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, which began in December 1941 and ended
2090:
After the war, the
American and Philippines governments officially recognized some of the units and individuals who had fought against the Japanese, which led to benefits for the veterans, but not all claims were upheld. There were 277 recognized guerrilla units out of over 1,000 claimed, and 260,715
2086:
The Filipino guerrillas were successful in their resistance against the Japanese occupation. Of the 48 provinces in the Philippines, only 12 were in firm control of the Japanese. Many provinces in Mindanao were already liberated by the Moros well before the Americans came, as well as major islands in
2026:
During these times, the Moros had no allegiance with the Filipinos and the Americans, and they were largely unwelcoming of their assistance. In many cases, they would even indiscriminately attack them as well, especially following the fall of Corregidor, and establishment of a truce with the Moros by
2043:
daggers as the Moros constantly attacked and charged and butchered Japanese soldiers. Fujioka Akiyoshi (藤岡 明義) wrote a published diary of his war experiences on Jolo called (Haisen no ki ~ gyokusai chi Horo tō no kiroku )(敗戦の記～玉砕地ホロ島の記録 or 敗残の記: 玉砕地ホロ島の記錄) and a private account "Uijin no ki" (初陣の記).
1856:
in the early hours of April 1, killing him and others. After Koga's body (and many surviving Japanese) washed ashore, the guerrillas captured 12 high-ranking officers, including Vice Admiral Shigeru Fukodome, Chief of Staff of the Combined Fleet. On April 3, Cebuano fishermen found the papers inside
1364:
and Constabulary. The United States Government officially granted payments and benefits to various ethnicities who have fought with the Allies by the war's end. However, only the Filipinos were excluded from such benefits, and since then these veterans have made efforts in finally being acknowledged
1836:
Various guerrilla groups also sprang out throughout the central islands of Visayas. Like those in Luzon, many of these Filipino guerrillas were trained by the Americans to fight in case the Japanese set their sights on the Visayas. These soldiers continued to fight even as the Americans surrendered
4449:
Bahu past the death-silence of South Mt Daho where the Marine garrison had died. As was his Japanese soldier's right, Gen Suzuki chose to command. It was his final posi-tion of honor. 2. Middle Column was 150 men of 363 Inf Bn. Their march might be safer on the south side of the Jolo "mounts" like
2034:
Both Americans and Japanese committed massacres against Moro Maranaos. 400 Maranaos were massacred by US artillery bombardment by Captain John S. Pershing in 1903. Japan invaded Mindanao in 1942 and issued orders for Maranao to surrender bladed implements so that every 2 households would share one
2038:
97% of the Japanese soldiers occupying Jolo were slaughtered by Moro Muslim Tausug guerillas according to Japanese soldier Fujioka Akiyoshi, who was one of the few who remained alive by the end of the war. Fujioka described the Moros as brutal and recalled how the Moros sliced the livers and gold
2022:
brigands, who were veterans in fighting the Filipinos, Spanish and the Americans, now focused their assaults on the Japanese, using their traditional hit and run as well as suicide charges. The Japanese were anxious of being attacked by the resistance, and they fought back by murdering innocent
2047:
Many Japanese and Okinawan settlers, who were loyal to the Japanese emperor, moved to Mindanao to assist American colonization on the island in the 1920s and they despised and looked down upon the Muslim Moros who they did not interact with. The Okinawan settlers married local Lumad women. The
2110:
In 1944, only Filipino soldiers were denied from being given benefits by the GI Bill of Rights, which was supposed to give welfare to all those who have served in the United States Military irrespective of race, color or nationality. Over 66 countries were inducted into the bill but only the
4541:
Page 258 玉砕地ホロ島の記錄 藤岡明義. 選書)。藤岡氏はいわゆる対米協力者ではないが、あえていうなら「を多少加味した Q の」のタイプというところであろうか。ホロ島の場合は圧倒的な火器を有し、制空、制海権を握った米軍の攻撃で三分の一を失い、囲まれつつ ... Results 1-3 of 4 Page 11 この一篇を、ホ島のツマンタンガス並びにシロマンの山々に、今もなお知る人もなく散在し、ジャングルの腐土に埋まっている、六千名の白骨に捧ぐ。昭和五十三年十二月(注原文では、地名、人名等が略字になっている個処があるが、本書では、できる限り正名 ... Page 155
1583:
Terry Adivoso refused to simply go home as cadets were ordered to do, and began recruiting fighters willing to undertake guerrilla action against the Japanese. This force would later be instrumental, providing intelligence to the liberating forces led by General
1717:
Nonetheless, Japanese crackdowns on these guerrillas in Luzon were widespread and brutal. The Imperial Japanese Army, Kenpeitai and Filipino collaborators hunted down resistance fighters and anyone associated with them. One example happened to resistance leader
1763:, which was "People's Army Against the Japanese" when translated into English. The adopted slogan was "Anti-Japanese Above All". The Huk Military Committee was at the apex of Huk structure and was charged to direct the guerrilla campaign and to lead the
2091:
individuals were recognized from nearly 1.3 million claims. These benefits are only available to the guerrillas and veterans who have served for the Commonwealth, and don't include the brigand groups of the Huks and the Moros. Resistance leaders
1811:
and the Philippine branch of the Chinese Communist Party and reached a strength of 700 men. The movement served under the Huks until around 1943, when they started operating independently. They were also aided by the American guerrilla forces.
5496:... and a considerable number of Japanese dry - goods stores have also been established , chiefly in Manila . Unlike the Chinese , the Japanese seldom intermarry with the Filipinos . HINDUS , SYRIANS , AND TURKS The Hindus are for the ...
5197:
The Japanese Davao Association the Japanese settlers to Davao was done at a slow pace in was the nerve center of ... in Japan and Okinawa better living conditions for all its members and families ; 2 ) areas least favored by nature
4683:
In many ways, Okinawan immigrants had successfully transplanted and adapted Okinawan village life to Davao ... "It was the Okinawans who tended to live most intimately with their neighbors, especially in the areas of Bagobo settlement"
5176:
Cody, Cecil E., "The Japanese Way of Life in Prewar Davao," Philippine Studies, Vol. 7, No. 2 (1959), pp. 172–186. ... Ethnic Studies Oral History Project (1981), Uchinanchu: A history of Okinawans in Hawaii. Figal, Gerald, "Okinawa's
4988:
end of 2005, four U.S. Marines, stationed on Okinawa, were charged formally with raping a Filipino woman while they were ... The cease-fire between the MILF and the Philippine government has held, and negotiations for a settlement are
4936:
Okinawan Migration to Hawaii, California, and the Philippines, 1899-1941 Edith Mitsuko Kaneshiro ... Thinking like entrepreneurs , the two men extended their labor recruiting efforts to include Mindanao . 9 Unlike the northern islands
4799:
To the layman's eye many current folkways suggest affiliations with other areas and strong surviving links with prehistoric settlement. In well-defined areas of northern Okinawa (and on some of the smaller out-lying islands) the women
4741:
The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the experiences of Okinawan immigrants beyond Hawaii and South America; it examines the migration and settlement patterns of Okinawan immigrants in southern California and in Davao, Mindanao,
1616:
as his personal pseudonym; depicting himself as a bemedalled anti-Japanese Filipino guerrilla fighter during World War II. Marcos told exaggerated tales and exploits of himself fighting the Japanese in his self-published autobiography
5663:... Russian, and Italian nationalities in the Bayview Hotel, where they were repeatedly raped (Hayashi 2015, 90). Australian nurses were also taken prisoner in Sumatra to be "comfort women" for Japanese soldiers (Tanaka 1998, 88–92).
4652:
And similar to many Southeast Asian countries , a large Muslim population existed in Davao . According to Najeeb Saleeby , Islam had spread to Mindanao from Southeast Asia , primarily through Malay and 51 Chiyo Nakama , Oral History
1934:
Besides their guerrilla activities, these groups also participated in many pivotal battles during the liberation of the islands. In Cebu, guerrillas and irregulars under Lieutenant James M. Cushing and Basilio J. Valdes aided in the
5693:
After the fall of Manila , the Japanese Military Police used it as an interrogation center . Its facilities could contain approximately one hundred prisoners at a time . Americans , British , Filipinos , Chinese , Spanish , Syrians
5449:
Davao , but some of them remained and intermarried with local women . Their descendants have largely blended with the local population . With the influx of American settlers who claimed the traditional lands of the natives , unrest
5259:
This narrative of the creation of the hagotan reveals the immersion of the multinational settlers of Davao in a very American ... prefectures of Okinawa and Fukushima, were also quick to adjust to Davao's mechanized abaca industry,
4915:
The settlement began in 1904 with about 100 Okinawan laborers brought to Davao by a few American hemp and coconut growers , and by 1941 there were well over 20,000 Japanese in the vicinity of Davao . Through extraordinary hard work
4480:
Fujioka Akiyoshi's field artillery company succumbed to a Moro surprise attack soon after landing on Jolo in the Philippines in October 1944: "Fujioka wrote that dead soldiers had their weapons, clothing, gold teeth, and raw livers
5228:
Kōzō's recruitment efforts, the number of Okinawan immigrants rapidly increased during the 1920s, from 1,260, approximately 22 percent of the total Japanese population, in 1920, to 4,447, more than a half of Davao's total Japanese
4847:
Among Okinawan settlers in Bolivia were those returnees from the Micronesia Islands , the Philippines , and Manchuria ... growing Manila Cotton , the local people's lifestyles , deforestation of rich Mindanao Island , and so forth
4317:
More than 97 percent were lost on Jolo island, a death rate believed to be hardly equalled anywhere during the entire course of the war. The data were not unexpected, nor were they a surprise. Looking back into the history of the
1670:, with a high capacity for personnel and supplies, proved especially useful in supporting the guerrillas. Beginning in mid-1943, the assistance to the guerrillas in the Philippines became more organized, with the formation of the
5632:
Peoples from other nations caught in the tragedy, such as Syrians and Russians, were shot. Men were often murdered before the eyes of surviving family members. A wounded Filipino mother sitting on a curb tried to nurse her baby,
5145:
Thus, after 33 people migrated to Argentina in 1948, more people began to migrate from Okinawa primarily to countries in ... Davao Okinawa Kenjinkai in 1916 in Table 2.1 Development of Okinawan kenjinkais overseas Year Country/
5112:
Between 1924 and 1938, more than 14,000 Okinawans crossed to the Philippines – the majority to Davao, ... Between these settlers from the Okinawan main island and Yaeyama residents, there existed a gulf not only in language but
1713:
for their role in the raid. Among the guerrilla units, the Blue Eagles were a specialized unit established for landmine and sniper detection, as well as in hunting Japanese spies who had blended in with the civilian population.
5344:
Through archival research and first-hand oral histories, Hiroko Matsuda uncovers the stories of common people's move from Okinawa to colonial Taiwan and describes experiences of Okinawans who had made their careers in colonial
5048:
If we follow his view, pre-war Davao was also a plural society where indigenous non-Christian Filipinos, Christian Filipinos who migrated in from ... The living conditions of Okinawan settlers in Davao were much better than in
1640:
to the Philippines to make contact with guerrilla organizations, eventually developing extensive intelligence networks including contacts within the Second Republic Government. A few months later SWPA sent Lieutenant Commander
1985:, the Japanese invasion became the new perceived threat to their religion and culture. Some of those who opposed the occupation and fought for Moro nationalism, were Sultan Jainal Abirin II of Sulu, the Sulu Sultanate of the
5079:
Hayase ShinzC 1984a Tribes on the Davao frontier, 1899–1941. Philippine Studies 33, 139–150. 1984b Tribes, settlers, and administrators on a frontier: Economic development and social change in Davao, southeastern Mindanao,
1570:
in Zambales, which first served as a supply and intelligence unit. After the surrender in May 1942, Magsaysay and his unit formed a guerrilla force which grew to a 10,000-man force by the end of the war. Another was the
4957:
After the Second World War , the properties of the Japanese in Davao were expropriated by the Philippine government . ... This was the first example of Japanese settlement growth by purchase of a developed plantation
4395:
1596:
units because of their youth, banded together in a common desire to contribute to the war effort throughout the Bataan campaign. The Hunters originally conducted operations with another guerrilla group known as the
2030:
50 Moros were vivisected by a Japanese unit, the 33rd coast guard squad in Zamboanga in Mindanao in which Akira Makino served in. Moro guerillas armed with spears were the main enemies of the Japanese in the area.
4885:
STRAITS SETTLEMENTS ( continued ) : Lantana Camara var . aculeata ( L. ) Moldenke Singapore ] Lantana Camara var . nivea ( Vent ... Eriocaulon Buergerianum Körn . Eriocaulon cinereum R. Br . Eriocaulon
1625:, did however collaborate with the Japanese and was executed by Filipino guerillas in April 1945 under the command of Colonel George Barnett, and Ferdinand himself was accused of being a collaborator as well.
1786:
The Huks began their anti-Japanese campaign as five 100-man units. They obtained needed arms and ammunition from Philippine army stragglers, who were escapees from the Battle of Bataan and deserters from the
2017:
to join their side as "brother Orientals". Kalaw sent a response which goaded Major Hiramatsu into sending a force of Japanese soldiers to attack him, whom Kalaw butchered completely with no survivors. The
1453:
began. Twenty-five twin engine planes bombed Tuguegarao and Baguio in the first preemptive strike in Luzon. The Japanese forces then quickly conducted a landing at Batan Island, and by December 17, General
2224:(translated to Cemetery of the Heroes), which contains many Filipino national heroes, erected a special monument to pay respect to the numerous unnamed Filipino guerrillas who fought in the occupation.
5192:
Proceedings and Position Papers of the Regional Conference on Local and National History, Terraza Milesa, Anda Street, Davao City, September 17-18, 1993: Theme, Davao in Relation to National History
6332:
Hogan Jr., David W. (1992) "Chapter 4: Special Operations in the Pacific" in U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II, CMH Publication 70-42, Center of Military History, Department of the Army.
4273:
1958:
1919:
soon after. The guerrillas in Leyte were also instrumental not only in the opposition against Japanese rule, but also in the safety and aid of the civilians living in the island. The book
1632:
became aware of the resistance movements forming in occupied Philippines through attempted radio communications to Allies outside of the Philippines; by late 1942, couriers had made it to
3173:, Colonial Name, Colonial Mentality and Ethnocentrism, Part One of Four, "Kasama" Vol. 17 No. 3 / July–August–September 2003 / Solidarity Philippines Australia Network, cpcabrisbance.org
6348:
6231:
1671:
1485:
announced through a radio broadcast in Manila the surrender of the Philippines. Following Wainwright was General William F. Sharp, who surrendered Visayas and Mindanao on May 10.
4235:
4216:
4331:
6102:
656:
4424:
2056:
8209:
1962:
Filipino guerrillas under the command of Captain Jesus Olmedo come out to meet Major General A.V. Arnold at U.S. Army 7th Division headquarters for a conference in 1944.
7954:
2856:
7562:
3827:
2582:
3777:
9560:
7578:
4494:
1601:, with whom they went about liquidating Japanese spies. Led by Miguel Ver, a PMA cadet, the Hunters raided the enemy-occupied Union College in Manila and seized 130
2964:
7898:
7501:
7473:
6617:
1931:, she recounts how the guerrillas managed to wipe out entire Japanese platoons in the various villages in the municipality, eventually saving the lives of many.
1378:
6269:
2718:
9539:
8218:
7905:
7039:
1365:
by the United States. Some 277 separate guerrilla units made up of 260,715 individuals were officially recognized as having fought in the resistance movement.
1218:
4511:
Haisen no ki is a record written after the war in an American POW camp; from Fujioka's second call-up to his arrival at Jolo Island and from his surrender ...
3658:
2813:
8521:
7884:
7193:
6818:
2124:
7534:
7480:
6666:
5966:
1927:, revealed how the Filipino guerrillas saved the lives of many young girls raped or at risk of rape by the Japanese. In her vivid account of the Battle of
3361:
2005:, consisted of about 20,000 fighting men made up of both Muslims and Christians. As their name suggests, these fighters were known visibly by their large
7991:
7487:
7103:
1133:
6513:
4425:"Grassroots Fascism : The War Experience Of The Japanese People ; Translated And Annoted By Ethan Mark [PDF] [2kqjt81hmvs0]"
7877:
7324:
7200:
3735:
1645:, who returned to the Philippines in early 1943, vetting guerrilla leaders and established communications and supply for them with SWPA. Through the
805:
4333:
Japanese Pan-Asianism and the Philippines from the Late Nineteenth Century to the End of World War II: Going to the Philippines Is Like Coming Home?
7177:
6557:
4254:
3148:
7614:
6926:
3400:
In May 1943 The Philippine Regional Section (PRS) was created as part of AIB and given the task of coordinating all activities in the Philippines
5940:
7433:
6735:
1649:'s Philippine Regional Section, SWPA sent operatives and equipment into the Philippines to supply and assist guerrilla organizations, often by
1530:
1189:
707:
9432:
5811:
The Tribble Times. page 14. Retrieved September 7, 2009. (An interview with Fertig's daughter: Patricia Hudson, of Coeur D Alene, Idaho.) p.14
4573:
978:
8225:
8188:
8165:
7686:
6608:
6578:
4090:
2688:
7940:
9679:
8318:
8174:
8158:
8130:
7378:
6585:
6249:
6245:
3183:
Robles, Raissa (May 17, 2011). "Eminent Filipino war historian slams Marcos burial as a "hero"". Raissa Robles: Inside Politics and Beyond.
6053:
9075:
8142:
8054:
7998:
7961:
7243:
6057:
4184:
4148:
3454:
3433:
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1201:
5844:
4645:
2048:
Japanese tortured and killed Lebanese and Syrians as well as raping Russian, Italians and Spanish women in the Bayview hotel of Manila.
8047:
6779:
5909:
2662:
1050:
900:
9553:
8181:
6571:
6529:
4554:
3329:
2929:
The Liberation of the Philippines: Luzon, Mindanao, the Visayas 1944–1945 (History of United States Naval Operations in World War II)
2779:
2380:
1194:
643:
4300:
3755:
The Huks are alleged to have killed 25,000 people in the Philippines during the occupation; of that number only 5,000 were Japanese.
2742:
2188:. There have been various memorials and monuments erected to commemorate the actions of the Filipino guerrillas. Among such are the
9402:
7221:
6995:
6758:
6624:
6435:
5615:
4198:
4041:
3696:
3616:
3278:
2334:
1089:
1014:
941:
6075:
5494:. Contributor United States. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 1926. p. 118.
1331:
activity that increased over the years. Fighting the guerrillas – apart from the Japanese regular forces – were a Japanese-formed
8297:
8094:
7131:
6631:
6543:
6479:
5489:
5405:
A product of years of in-depth research, John D. Lukacs's gripping description of the escape brings this remarkable tale to life.
3449:
2295:
5646:
5242:
5159:
5093:
5062:
4880:
The Known Geographic Distribution of the Members of the Verbenaceae, Avicenniaceae, Stilbaceae, Symphoremaceae and Eriocaulaceae
4755:
4724:
3216:
8500:
8012:
6862:
6400:
6318:
6018:
5211:
5126:
5029:
4971:
4813:
4782:
4697:
4666:
1374:
1308:
4463:
3601:
9096:
9001:
8528:
8274:
8149:
7235:
7209:
7066:
6772:
6689:
6162:
6137:
5892:
5761:
5473:
5368:
5310:
5012:
4823:
4765:
4707:
4019:
3809:
3530:
3488:
3131:
3033:
2823:
2573:
2549:
2529:
2474:
2390:
2144:
2120:
1873:
948:
861:
827:
798:
5676:
3567:
3406:
9329:
8736:
8622:
7787:
7254:
7250:
7228:
6832:
5437:. Ateneo de Davao University, Research and Publication Office for the Mindanao Coalition of Development NGOs. p. 120.
3459:
3438:
2164:. Filipino and Japanese films have also paid homage to the valor of the Filipino guerrillas during the occupation, such as
1104:
1062:
895:
766:
5030:"5 The Intermarried issei and mestizo nesei in the Philippines Reflections on the origin of Philippine Nikkeijin problems"
3767:
1864:
9244:
8708:
8026:
7239:
2980:
1458:
gave his estimate that the main component of the United States Air Force in the archipelago was destroyed. By January 2,
1206:
871:
196:
4172:
3428:
2119:, which became known as the Filipino Veterans of World War II Congressional Gold Medal Act. The Act was referred to the
1332:
604:
9453:
9322:
9200:
8778:
8493:
8444:
8202:
7757:
7009:
6848:
6696:
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5625:
5398:
5337:
5252:
5221:
5169:
5138:
5105:
4981:
4792:
4734:
4504:
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4405:
4341:
4283:
3979:
3577:
3463:
3442:
2936:
2789:
2752:
2430:
2166:
866:
102:
3845:
2597:
9569:
8451:
8423:
8240:
7822:
7541:
7508:
6285:
5733:
4378:
3943:
3748:
3554:
3292:
3256:
2499:
1629:
6724:
9606:
8764:
8701:
7836:
7672:
6795:
5582:
3498:
3228:
2065:
1482:
791:
7349:
6355:
5463:
5432:
5388:
5358:
5327:
5300:
5273:
5190:
5002:
4950:
4929:
4898:
4878:
4861:
4840:
4499:. Weatherhead Books on Asia. Translated by Ethan Mark (reprint ed.). Columbia University Press. p. 312.
1955:, in which they were credited in the liberation of the island from Japanese outposts at a cost of only seven men.
1592:. When war broke out in the Philippines, some 300 Philippine Military Academy and ROTC cadets, unable to join the
9130:
8971:
8960:
8796:
8555:
8514:
8407:
8345:
7732:
7002:
6871:
6839:
5583:"Diasporic Intelligences in the American Philippine Empire: The Transnational Career of Dr. Najeeb Mitry Saleeby"
1450:
1116:
182:
177:
134:
7519:
7087:
5974:
5728:
MacArthur, Douglas (1964). Reminiscences of General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. Annapolis: Bluejacket Books.
4931:"Our Home Will be the Five Continents": Okinawan Migration to Hawaii, California, and the Philippines, 1899-1941
4647:"Our Home Will be the Five Continents": Okinawan Migration to Hawaii, California, and the Philippines, 1899-1941
4596:
4012:
Cushing's Coup: The True Story of How Lt. Col. James Cushing and his Filipino Guerrillas Captured Japan's Plan Z
2885:
2103:
would incorporate what they learned fighting with the Filipino guerrillas in establishing what would become the
9516:
9488:
9366:
9159:
8396:
7847:
7773:
7569:
6940:
6659:
6564:
6449:
5686:
5442:
5283:
5072:
5041:
4908:
4863:
Transnational Body: Racial Citizenship of Okinawan-Bolivians in Colonia Okinawa, Bolivia and in Yokohama, Japan
4842:
Transnational Body: Racial Citizenship of Okinawan-Bolivians in Colonia Okinawa, Bolivia and in Yokohama, Japan
4676:
4534:
4310:
3387:
2212:
to commemorate the 6th Military District that liberated the provinces of Panay, Romblon, and Guimaras, and the
2184:
2178:
1683:
1679:
1043:
1033:
6311:
American Involvement in the Filipino Resistance Movement on Mindanao During the Japanese Occupation, 1942–1945
5523:
5468:. Ateneo de Davao University, Research and Publication Office for the Mindanao Coalition of Development NGOs.
3003:"Bataan Death March | Definition, Date, Pictures, Facts, Survivors, & Significance | Britannica"
2849:
American Involvement in the Filipino Resistance Movement on Mindanao During the Japanese Occupation, 1942–1945
2130:
The World War II guerrilla movement in the Philippines has also garnered attention in Hollywood films such as
9576:
9509:
9460:
9391:
9216:
8722:
8673:
8437:
8430:
8033:
7794:
7585:
6638:
5914:
1422:, on the morning of December 7, 1941 (December 8 in Japan and the Philippines). The attack was intended as a
1396:
1233:
958:
5036:. Vol. 7 of Routledge Studies in Asia's Transformations (illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 92.
9650:
9546:
8921:
8882:
7801:
7636:
7621:
7548:
7527:
7345:
7023:
6809:
6802:
6786:
6497:
6456:
6428:
1858:
1612:
claimed that he had commanded a 9,000-strong guerrilla force known as the Maharlika Unit. Marcos also used
1273:
983:
888:
839:
76:
4524:
4400:. Weatherhead Books on Asia. Translated by Ethan Mark. Columbia University Press. pp. 196, 197, 198.
3480:
US Special Warfare Units in the Pacific Theater 1941–45: Scouts, Raiders, Rangers and Reconnaissance Units
9613:
8937:
8889:
8507:
8479:
8332:
7947:
7926:
7447:
7110:
7016:
6506:
3922:
3737:
Lansdale, Magsaysay, America, and the Philippines: A Case Study of Limited Intervention Counterinsurgency
2640:
2630:
1759:
resistance to the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. This original intent is reflected in its name:
1576:
1138:
2521:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Encyclopedia of Casualty and Other Figures, 1492-2015, 4th ed
1466:. By April 9, the remaining of the combined American-Filipino force was forced to retire from Bataan to
9411:
8907:
8826:
8771:
8659:
8615:
8265:
7891:
7815:
7717:
7594:
7466:
7459:
7419:
7392:
7124:
7057:
6652:
6463:
6393:
6327:
Awaiting MacArthur's Return: World War II Guerrilla Resistance against the Japanese in the Philippines.
5508:
2285:"Men of Destiny: The American and Filipino Guerillas During the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines"
1646:
1415:
1341:
1228:
1057:
1028:
912:
589:
148:
143:
5804:
4358:
1575:
which operated in the Southern Luzon area, mainly near Manila. It was created upon dissolution of the
9313:
9230:
9015:
8875:
8847:
8680:
8585:
8375:
7808:
6882:
6536:
4363:
Japanese Pan-Asianism and the Philippines from the Late Nineteenth Century to the End of World War II
2855:(Master of Military Art and Science thesis). U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. p. 2.
2726:
2172:
1972:
1593:
1128:
729:
214:
7080:
5531:(This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Murdoch University). p. 1-396.
5375:
A fascinating analysis of the main patterns of distribution and evolution of the Australasian biota.
4160:
3969:
9052:
9029:
8281:
8082:
8075:
7739:
7399:
7371:
7364:
6751:
6356:"Alphabetical List of Guerrilla Units and Their File Codes in the Guerrilla Unit Recognition Files"
4581:
2116:
1293:
1074:
934:
7096:
7073:
5707:
5216:. Perspectives on the Global Past (illustrated ed.). University of Hawaii Press. p. 30.
4199:"In WWII, Japanese Soldiers Forced Filipinos to Dig Their Own Graves—Before Dissecting Them Alive"
4100:
3362:"Without Chick Parsons, General MacArthur May Never Have Made His Famed Return to the Philippines"
2696:
2127:. The Philippine government has also enacted laws concerning the benefits of Filipino guerrillas.
1884:, which he wore during the war, photo taken by unknown U.S. military photographer, circa 1942-1945
9474:
9418:
9288:
9148:
8833:
8486:
8382:
8288:
7856:
7724:
7694:
7658:
7643:
7515:
7407:
7385:
7331:
7317:
7299:
6963:
6744:
6472:
6421:
5821:
3974:. The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Center of Military History.
2081:
during his liberation of the Philippines, highly impressed with the Filipinos who fought with him
1788:
1336:
1259:
1079:
330:
98:
2432:
Reports of General MacArthur: Japanese Operations in the Southwest Pacific Area Volume 2, Part 1
9166:
9059:
8861:
8812:
8715:
8608:
8578:
8361:
8249:
7975:
7766:
7357:
7338:
7308:
6855:
6825:
6061:
5417:
3868:
2078:
1493:
1404:
1384:
1123:
834:
574:
554:
5882:
5753:
4056:
4034:
3520:
3201:
3123:
3021:
2519:
2464:
1947:
helped in the seizing of the Tiring Landing Field and Mandurriao district airfield during the
9657:
9380:
9223:
9119:
9089:
9045:
8785:
8750:
8743:
8666:
8564:
8005:
7982:
7829:
7440:
6977:
6717:
6703:
6386:
5871:
5855:
3869:"THE CAPTURE OF THE KOGA PAPERS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PLAN TO RETAKE THE PHILIPPINES IN 1944"
3478:
3170:
2563:
2492:
Warfare and Armed Conflicts: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1500–2000
2294:, School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Army Command and General Staff College,
1948:
1709:
from a counterattack by Japanese reinforcements. Pajota and the Filipino guerrillas received
1664:
1278:
1038:
881:
7275:
5749:
Surviving Bataan And Beyond: Colonel Irvin Alexander's Odyssey As a Japanese Prisoner Of War
2666:
2333:(Monograph). Command and General Staff College. Docket School of Advanced Military Studies.
2013:. The Japanese Major Hiramatsu, a propaganda officer, tried convincing Datu Busran Kalaw of
1608:
Also, before being proven false in 1985 by the United States Military, Philippine President
1478:(April 20) were successful. By May 7, after the last of the Japanese attacks on Corregidor,
9481:
9336:
8987:
8944:
8914:
8840:
8650:
8629:
7555:
7032:
6710:
3306:
2096:
1936:
1657:
1558:
After Bataan and Corregidor, many who escaped the Japanese reorganized in the mountains as
1223:
1211:
1099:
905:
361:
3282:
1637:
1589:
1552:
1526:
8:
9599:
9373:
9251:
9207:
8729:
7863:
7629:
7156:
6986:
6970:
6919:
5390:
Escape From Davao: The Forgotten Story of the Most Daring Prison Break of the Pacific War
3772:
2635:
2104:
1419:
1357:
1094:
968:
448:
48:
5845:"The Filipino World War II veterans equity movement and the Filipino American community"
4038:
3901:
3712:
3620:
2325:
1462:
was under Japanese control and by January 9, Homma had cornered the remaining forces in
9592:
9425:
9350:
9304:
9274:
9182:
9022:
8687:
8571:
8465:
8416:
8354:
8110:
8061:
7870:
7494:
7149:
6947:
6240:
6081:
5681:. APS handbook series (illustrated ed.). American Philatelic Society. p. 61.
5563:
5502:
3956:
The Hidden Battle of Leyte – the Picture Diary of a Girl Taken By the Japanese Military
2284:
2197:
1853:
1841:
1706:
1675:
1598:
1522:
1489:
1427:
1252:
1245:
1184:
1174:
1148:
1000:
922:
664:
388:
272:
4626:
3229:"US Department of Defense official database of Distinguished Service Cross recipients"
3002:
1921:
The Hidden Battle of Leyte: The Picture Diary of a Girl taken by the Japanese Military
9583:
9467:
9357:
9297:
9258:
9191:
9173:
9139:
9082:
9036:
8980:
8805:
8543:
8535:
8472:
8325:
7919:
7451:
6912:
6891:
6601:
6277:
6187:
6158:
6133:
5919:
5888:
5757:
5729:
5682:
5652:
5621:
5469:
5438:
5394:
5364:
5333:
5306:
5279:
5248:
5217:
5165:
5134:
5101:
5068:
5037:
5008:
4977:
4904:
4819:
4788:
4761:
4730:
4703:
4672:
4530:
4500:
4469:
4401:
4374:
4337:
4306:
4279:
4131:
4015:
3996:
3975:
3939:
3744:
3704:
3573:
3550:
3526:
3484:
3335:
3298:
3288:
3252:
3188:
3127:
3029:
2972:
2932:
2819:
2785:
2748:
2569:
2545:
2525:
2495:
2470:
2426:
2386:
2209:
2138:
1998:
1780:
1719:
1710:
1654:
1585:
1328:
1320:
1285:
1238:
1143:
988:
973:
917:
514:
488:
312:
6010:
1449:
Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese operations to invade the
9502:
9495:
9439:
9103:
8868:
8854:
8757:
8694:
8645:
8458:
8311:
8258:
8068:
8019:
7933:
7163:
7140:
6673:
6206:
5594:
5555:
5329:
Liminality of the Japanese Empire: Border Crossings from Okinawa to Colonial Taiwan
5244:
Travelling Goods, Travelling Moods: Varieties of Cultural Appropriation (1850-1950)
5213:
Liminality of the Japanese Empire: Border Crossings from Okinawa to Colonial Taiwan
4608:
4366:
2947:
2901:
For the Japanese designator of Oahu. Wilford, Timothy. "Decoding Pearl Harbor", in
2112:
2100:
1904:
1892:
1845:
1804:
1609:
1501:
1497:
1179:
1007:
993:
963:
876:
856:
436:
412:
260:
248:
6682:
5525:
ABACA: The socio-economic and cultural transformation of frontier Davao, 1898-1941
5332:. Perspectives on the Global Past (reprint ed.). University of Hawaii Press.
3659:"REVIEW: "Bintao" recalls the struggles of revolutionary leader Wenceslao Vinzons"
1986:
1939:. They also captured Maj. Gen. Takeo Manjom and his 2,000 soldiers and munitions.
1840:
One significant achievement for the resistance in Visayas was the capture of the "
1775:, was elected as head of the committee and became the first Huk commander called "
1755:
As originally constituted in March 1942, the Hukbalahap was to be part of a broad
1327:), which opposed the Japanese and their collaborators with active underground and
9525:
9237:
9152:
9110:
9008:
8951:
8819:
8601:
8592:
8121:
7703:
7679:
6933:
6155:
Living Landscapes and Cultural Landmarks: World Heritage Sites in the Philippines
5747:
4612:
4045:
3221:
3117:
1944:
1916:
1567:
1431:
1400:
1361:
1109:
1084:
953:
539:
327:
296:
128:
9637:
5544:"Middle Eastern Migrants in the Philippines: Entrepreneurs and Cultural Brokers"
3547:
Ghost Soldiers: The Forgotten Epic Story of World War II's Most Dramatic Mission
1636:
confirming the existence of the resistance. By December 1942, SWPA sent Captain
9532:
9068:
8994:
7046:
6905:
6309:
6103:"JAPANESE FILM CITED; ' Nobi,' War Movie, Wins First Prize at Locarno Festival"
5794:
Keats, John. (1965). They Fought Alone. Pocket Books, Inc. OCLC 251563972 p.445
4468:. Sustainable History Monograph Pilot. University of Hawaii Press. p. 94.
4302:
With the Bravest: The Untold Story of the Sulu Freedom Fighters of World War II
3643:
2969:
Reports of General MacArthur: Japanese Operations in the Southwest Pacific Area
2847:
2160:
2132:
2092:
1990:
1982:
1908:
1869:
1622:
1455:
1439:
1435:
1423:
1167:
1021:
929:
851:
751:~260,000 formally recognized members of the pro-US resistance following the war
348:
284:
236:
5648:
Korean "Comfort Women": Military Brothels, Brutality, and the Redress Movement
5127:"2Formation and Development of an Okinawan Global Network Using an Island Hub"
4370:
1824:
Captain Nieves Fernandez, a Filipina school teacher who led the resistance in
9673:
9343:
7268:
7117:
6956:
6191:
5559:
4135:
4095:
3302:
3242:
2775:
2150:
1924:
1912:
1849:
1698:
1642:
1602:
1408:
424:
400:
308:
167:
162:
5034:
Japanese Diasporas: Unsung Pasts, Conflicting Presents and Uncertain Futures
3051:
Reader's Digest November 1987 issue: Biographical Tribute to Ramon Magsaysay
1543:
9642:
9446:
7746:
7651:
7282:
6645:
6409:
5883:
Tiongson, Antonio T.; Gutierrez, Edgardo V.; Gutierrez, Ricardo V. (2006).
3849:
2019:
2002:
1952:
1940:
1900:
1888:
1756:
1723:
1702:
1572:
1505:
1312:
1158:
1153:
1067:
669:
509:
375:
40:
6367:
4161:
First National Scientific Workshop on Muslim Autonomy, January 14–18, 1987
3925:
Japan's 1944 Naval Battle Strategy Drifts into U.S. Hands, Greg Bradsher,
3791:
778:
Around 530,000 to 1,000,000 Filipinos died during the Japanese occupation.
9281:
9267:
8929:
7605:
7426:
7411:
6765:
6317:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College.
5822:"The History of PsyWar after WWII and Its Relationship to Special Forces"
2544:
Werner Gruhl, Imperial Japan's World War Two, 1931–1945 Transaction 2007
1978:
1820:
1694:
1690:
1443:
844:
815:
36:
6130:
Securing Paradise: Tourism and Militarism in Hawai'i and the Philippines
5651:. Genocide, Political Violence, Human Rights. Rutgers University Press.
5599:
5567:
3743:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. p. 13.
1535:
8636:
8389:
8368:
7261:
6594:
6522:
5543:
5241:
Huck, Christian (2012). Huck, Christian; Bauernschmidt, Stefan (eds.).
4754:
Flynn, Dennis O.; Giráldez, Arturo; Sobredo, James (January 18, 2018).
3938:
Prefer, N.N., 2012, Leyte 1944, Havertown: Casemate Publishers. p. 12.
3602:"10 Chilling Photos That Show The Atrocities Of War In The Philippines"
3339:
3094:
2201:
2010:
2006:
2001:. Another anti-Japanese Moro unit, the Moro-Bolo Battalion led by Datu
1994:
1768:
1764:
1750:
1737:
1733:
1548:
1467:
1411:
719:
501:
475:
208:
5188:
4787:. Contributor Mitsugu Sakihara (revised ed.). Tuttle Publishing.
4255:"The Battle Of Tamparan And The Forgotten Moro Heroes Of World War II"
2914:
Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". United States Naval Institute,
8899:
8304:
8101:
7912:
7710:
7665:
6267:
6039:
Bulkley, Robert J.; Kennedy, John F.; Eller, Ernest MacNeill (2003).
2327:
Command and Control of Guerrilla Groups in the Philippines, 1941-1945
2155:
1650:
1633:
1559:
1346:
1267:
559:
7186:
5305:. Vol. 2, Part 1. Historical Division, Department of the Army.
7170:
6898:
5885:
Positively No Filipinos Allowed: Building Communities and Discourse
2217:
1896:
1877:
1825:
1772:
1350:
618:
6011:"Leader of WWII's "Great Raid" looks back on real-life POW rescue"
3902:"How Cebuano Fishermen Helped Defeat the Japanese in World War II"
2818:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 318.
2258:
Villamor departed the Philippines in October 1943, due to illness.
5158:
Flynn, Dennis O.; Giráldez, Arturo; Sobredo, James, eds. (2018).
5004:
Abu Sayyaf: Target of Philippine-U. S. Anti-Terrorism Cooperation
4973:
Abu Sayyaf: Target of Philippine-U. S. Anti-Terrorism Cooperation
4723:
Flynn, Dennis O.; Giráldez, Arturo; Sobredo, James, eds. (2018).
3690:
3688:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3097:. Los Banos Liberation Memorial Scholarship Foundation, Inc. 2008
2014:
1928:
1800:
1479:
701:
460:
6281:
5854:. Center for Pacific And American Studies: 53–81. Archived from
3708:
3644:"This Unsung WWII Hero Will Inspire You To Be A Better Filipino"
3119:
Closer than brothers: manhood at the Philippine Military Academy
2976:
2072:"Give me ten thousand Filipinos and I shall conquer the world!"
1880:, Philippines and the resistance forces with his well-known red
7780:
6378:
6343:
6178:
Fllipino government (2007). "Memorials for Fllipino veterans".
5129:. In Ishihara, Masahide; Hoshino, Eiichi; Fujita, Yoko (eds.).
4275:
Diary of a Colonized Native: (Years of Hidden Colonial Slavery)
3569:
Behind Japanese Lines: An American Guerrilla in the Philippines
2880:
Prange, Gordon W., Goldstein, Donald, & Dillon, Katherine.
2382:
Behind Japanese Lines: An American Guerrilla in the Philippines
1881:
1563:
1463:
1459:
6368:"Roderick Hall Collection: On World War II in the Philippines"
6077:
Yamashita: The Tiger's Treasure 2001 directed by Chito S. Rono
5161:
Studies in Pacific History: Economics, Politics, and Migration
4948:
4934:. University of California, Berkeley. pp. 185, 186, 198.
4757:
Studies in Pacific History: Economics, Politics, and Migration
4726:
Studies in Pacific History: Economics, Politics, and Migration
4236:"Japanese war veteran speaks of atrocities in the Philippines"
3999:. Cabatuan.com Center for Cabatuan Studies, IloiloAirport.com.
3679:
3241:
783:
53:
Propaganda poster depicting the Philippine resistance movement
7968:
5678:
Postal History of American POWs: World War II, Korea, Vietnam
4496:
Grassroots Fascism: The War Experience of the Japanese People
4397:
Grassroots Fascism: The War Experience of the Japanese People
3081:
Terry's Hunters: The True Story of the Hunters ROTC Guerillas
1997:
and ruled by the Confederation of sultanates in Lanao led by
1829:
1729:
1580:
1475:
3676:
Enlarged Ed., Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1990, p. 31
3287:. Washington, D.C.: Department of the Army. pp. 64–96.
1771:, a communist leader and peasant-organizer from a barrio in
1551:
disarming a Japanese sentry of his rifle during the raid at
5708:"The 10 Most Fearsome One-Man Armies in Philippine History"
4574:"戦場体験者の戦記を糺す試み Tries to Rewrite War Memoirs as Ex-soldiers"
2040:
1588:, and took an active role in numerous battles, such as the
1516:
1471:
1438:
against the overseas territories of the United States, the
1360:
would go on to be reorganized and equipped as units of the
67:(3 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)
4465:
War at the Margins: Indigenous Experiences in World War II
3876:
Micronesian: Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences
3248:
Lapham's Raiders: Guerrillas in the Philippines, 1942–1945
2781:
Lapham's Raiders: Guerrillas in the Philippines, 1942–1945
2598:"AJR-27 War crimes: Japanese military during World War II"
2249:
Also attacked American & Christian Filipino guerrillas
6232:"U.S. Army Recognition Program of Philippine Guerrillas"
4336:. Brill's Japanese Studies Library. BRILL. p. 172.
2971:. Vol. II – Part I. Department of the Army. 1994 .
2115:
submitted legislation to award Filipino Veterans with a
1832:, Philippines with her husband in a photograph from 1944
6127:
5999:. New Rochelle, New York: Arlington House, 1982. p. 204
5910:"Philippine vets still fighting their battle over WWII"
5096:. In Saaler, Sven; Szpilman, Christopher W. A. (eds.).
4955:. American Association of the Philippines. p. 87.
4447:. 41st Infantry Division Association. 1992. p. 2.
3407:"Allied Intelligence Bureau plays role in World War II"
2957:
2744:
US Special Warfare Units in the Pacific Theater 1941–45
1876:
and commander of the 10th Military District, Island of
1807:
and Chinese immigrants. They were established from the
1799:
Unique to other guerrillas in the Philippines were the
1379:
Military history of the Philippines during World War II
7040:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
3810:"How Chinese guerrillas fought for Philippine freedom"
3768:"How Chinese guerrillas fought for Philippine freedom"
3522:
Ethnic and Racial Minorities in the U.S. Military: A-L
2585:. New Orleans, United States: The National WWII Museum
2435:. JAPANESE DEMOBILIZATION BUREAUX RECORDS. p. 311
2066:
Filipino American § World War II veteran benefits
1686:, which were established and organized in California.
6041:
At Close Quarters: PT Boats in the United States Navy
3828:"The Lewiston Daily Sun - Google News Archive Search"
3499:"Bahalan Na News Letter 1st Reconnaissance Battalion"
2583:"Research Starters: Worldwide Deaths in World War II"
6270:"CHAPTER X; GUERRILLA ACTIVITIES IN THE PHILIPPINES"
6268:
General MacArthur's General Staff (June 20, 2006) .
5363:(illustrated ed.). Cambridge University Press.
5275:
Davao: a Case Study in Japanese-Philippine Relations
5247:(illustrated ed.). Campus Verlag. p. 218.
5157:
4753:
4722:
4149:"80 Japanese Troop Ships Are Sighted Off Luzon" 1941
4130:(12). Active Interest Media Inc.: 56 December 1988.
3331:
War in the Pacific: Leyte, Return to the Philippines
3217:"Marcos Was More Than Just Another Deposed Dictator"
2060:
The 10 Military Districts recognized by the US Army.
1951:. Major Ingeniero commanded the guerrilla forces in
6177:
4650:. University of California, Berkeley. p. 198.
3997:"Tiring Landing Field, located in Cabatuan, Iloilo"
3958:, Bucong Bucong (1999), pp. 12–18. Asin: B000JL8WEG
3042:
2378:
5465:Davao: Reconstructing History from Text and Memory
5434:Davao: Reconstructing History from Text and Memory
4009:
3176:
3087:
3048:
6349:Philippine resistance against Japanese occupation
6152:
5967:"Philippine government pensions for war veterans"
5360:Biogeography of Australasia: A Molecular Analysis
3506:The Filipino American Experience Research Project
3476:
2565:The A to Z of World War II: The War Against Japan
2513:
2511:
2462:
2283:Sinclair, II, Major Peter T. (December 1, 2011),
9671:
6302:War and Resistance in the Philippines, 1942-1944
3214:
3171:Filipino nationalism is a contradiction in terms
3115:
3013:
2561:
2469:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 287–289.
1722:, leader of the successful guerilla movement in
5852:Seventh Annual International Philippine Studies
5189:Davao Historical Society (Philippines) (1993).
3866:
3208:
3064:"Philippine Resistance: Refusal to Surrender".
2200:, the bronze statue of a Filipino guerrilla in
1891:guerrillas under a former school teacher named
1809:Chinese General Labour Union of the Philippines
6046:
5541:
5133:(illustrated ed.). Springer. p. 38.
5131:Self-determinable Development of Small Islands
4359:"Chapter 4: The Occupation of the Philippines"
4083:
3674:Communism in the Philippines: an Introduction,
3279:"Chapter 4: Special Operations in the Pacific"
3235:
3182:
2508:
2278:
2276:
2274:
1966:
1562:still loyal to the U.S. Army Forces Far East (
1531:List of American guerrillas in the Philippines
749:30,000 guerrillas in ten sectors (spring 1944)
6394:
6207:"Republic Memorial Cemetery at Fort McKinley"
5907:
5098:Routledge Handbook of Modern Japanese History
3846:"Philippine Resistance: Refusal to Surrender"
3572:. University of Kentucky Press. p. 199.
2784:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 225.
2774:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2450:
2385:. University Press of Kentucky. p. 107.
2319:
2317:
2315:
799:
6246:National Archives and Records Administration
6002:
3497:Fabros, Alex S. Jr., ed. (October 5, 1998).
3284:U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II
3272:
3270:
3268:
3026:World War II in the Pacific: An Encyclopedia
2719:"People & Events: Filipinos and the War"
2282:
1794:
1621:which was proven to be fiction. His father,
6058:Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
5067:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 174.
4419:
4417:
4356:
4329:
4305:. Espaldon-Virata Foundation. p. 181.
3697:"Chapter 2: World War II and Huk Expansion"
3565:
3518:
3455:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
3434:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
3146:
2271:
2182:and the critically acclaimed Japanese film
6401:
6387:
5091:
4671:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 81.
4571:
4529:. 中央公論社. pp. 258, 11, 155, 205, 155.
3334:. Government Printing Office. p. 19.
3140:
3028:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 157–158.
2517:
2489:
2447:
2366:Routledge Handbook of the Chinese Diaspora
2312:
1674:, which was largely composed of volunteer
1492:, which was the forcible transfer, by the
806:
792:
47:
5745:
5674:
5617:Imperial Japan's World War Two: 1931-1945
5598:
4927:
4696:Nakasone, Ronald Y. (February 28, 2002).
4643:
3822:
3820:
3694:
3483:. Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 39–43.
3265:
3068:. October 17, 2009. History Channel Asia.
2965:"Chapter VI: Conquest of the Philippines"
2425:
2416:, Columbia University Press, 2001, p. 785
1539:Captain Pajota's guerrillas at Cabanatuan
1496:, of 60,000 Filipino and 15,000 American
313:
6276:. United States Army. pp. 295–326.
5836:
5542:Clarence-Smith, William Gervase (2004).
5298:
5195:. Davao Historical Society. p. 17.
5124:
5060:
4900:Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, Volume 6
4876:
4815:Okinawa: The History of an Island People
4784:Okinawa: The History of an Island People
4695:
4664:
4414:
4298:
4196:
3896:
3894:
3892:
3848:. Tivarati Entertainment. Archived from
3149:"Maharlika and the ancient class system"
3019:
2931:Castle Books (2001). pp. 101, 120, 250.
2839:
2625:
2623:
2494:. McFarland & Company. p. 566.
2055:
1957:
1863:
1844:" by Cebuano guerrillas led by Lt. Col.
1819:
1815:
1744:
1728:
1542:
1534:
1517:USAFFE and American sponsored guerrillas
1349:(the Japanese military police), and the
16:Organized guerilla group in World War II
6307:
5325:
5271:
5209:
4949:American Historical Collection (1993).
4845:. University of Minnesota. p. 65.
4492:
4393:
4252:
3967:
3566:Hunt, Ray C.; Norling, Bernard (2000).
3404:
3215:Joseph A. Reaves (September 29, 1989).
3057:
2845:
2811:
2740:
2562:Anne Sharp Wells (September 28, 2009).
2323:
1430:from interfering with military actions
9672:
8248:
8226:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
6008:
5947:. Library of Congress. January 3, 2013
5842:
5386:
5000:
4969:
4859:
4838:
3862:
3860:
3817:
3733:
3656:
3641:
3496:
3359:
3327:
3078:
3072:
2862:from the original on November 11, 2011
2604:. State of California. August 26, 1999
2379:Hunt, Ray C.; Bernard Norling (2000).
2359:
2357:
2355:
2301:from the original on September 3, 2014
1848:on April 1, 1944. Named after Admiral
1767:that would seize power after the war.
1511:
1375:Japanese occupation of the Philippines
9097:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
8529:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
8175:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
8131:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
7236:Rape during the occupation of Germany
6382:
6321:from the original on October 6, 2014.
6186:(32). Fllipino national Press: 1981.
5941:"Committees: H.R.111 [113th]"
5613:
5521:
5356:
4572:早 瀬 Hayase, 晋 三 Shinzo (March 2021).
4461:
4233:
3961:
3889:
3838:
3780:from the original on August 20, 2022.
3695:Greenberg, Major Lawrence M. (1986).
3477:Gordon L. Rottman (August 20, 2013).
3405:Bigelow, Michael E. (July 26, 2016).
3276:
2620:
2538:
2406:
2145:American Guerrilla in the Philippines
2023:civilians and destroying properties.
1547:Painting of a guerrilla armed with a
787:
65:December 8, 1941 – September 2, 1945
8219:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
7251:Rape during the liberation of France
6362:. National Archive. August 15, 2016.
6021:from the original on October 5, 2012
5989:
5580:
5491:Trade Promotion Series, Issues 43-52
5240:
5027:
4812:Kerr, George H. (October 11, 2011).
4811:
4780:
4271:
3948:
3549:. pp. 291–293. New York: Doubleday.
3245:, Bernard Norling (April 23, 2014).
3163:
1981:rebels were still unsuccessfully at
1701:protected the U.S. Army Rangers and
1566:). One example would be the unit of
9680:Philippine resistance against Japan
6060:. November 19, 2001. Archived from
5644:
5461:
5430:
5100:(illustrated ed.). Routledge.
4223:. OSAKA (Kyodo). November 27, 2006.
4217:"Vivisection on Filipinos admitted"
3989:
3857:
3703:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
3642:Vaflor, Marc (September 10, 2015).
3515:– via Salinas Public Library.
2905:, XII, #1 (January 2002), p.32fn81.
2741:Rottman, Gordon (August 20, 2013).
2518:Clodfelter, Micheal (May 9, 2017).
2363:
2352:
2324:Nypaver, Thomas R. (May 25, 2017).
1470:. Meanwhile, Japanese invasions of
26:Philippine resistance against Japan
13:
8445:German invasion of the Netherlands
6725:Weather events during World War II
6239:Headquarters, Philippine Command,
6224:
6204:
5995:Richard Jewell and Vernon Harbin,
5908:Richard Simon (January 30, 2013).
5705:
4594:
4522:
4278:. Partridge Publishing Singapore.
4234:Ozawa, Harumi (November 6, 2007).
4099:. December 1, 1941. Archived from
3599:
3519:Bielakowski, Alexander M. (2013).
3464:Naval History and Heritage Command
3443:Naval History and Heritage Command
3122:. Yale University Press. pp.
2918:, 81 (December 1955), pp.1315–1331
2660:
2602:California Legislative Information
2340:from the original on July 27, 2019
1761:"Hukbong Bayan Laban sa mga Hapon"
1579:in the beginning days of the war.
1335:(later taking the name of the old
1309:Japanese occupation of the islands
29:Paglaban ng Pilipinas sa mga Hapon
14:
9691:
9076:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
6336:
5462:Tiu, Macario D. (March 2, 2024).
5164:. Routledge Revivals. Routledge.
5094:"8 Overseas migration, 1868-1945"
4928:Kaneshiro, Edith Mitsuko (1999).
4729:. Routledge Revivals. Routledge.
4644:Kaneshiro, Edith Mitsuko (1999).
2747:. Osprey Publishing. p. 43.
2125:Committee on House Administration
1911:, and assisted in the subsequent
9636:
6408:
6342:
6308:Schmidt, Major Larry S. (1982).
6198:
6171:
6146:
6128:Gonzalez, Vernadette V. (2013).
6121:
6095:
6068:
6054:"51 Countries In Race For Oscar"
6033:
6009:Barber, Mike (August 25, 2005).
5959:
5933:
5901:
5876:
5814:
5797:
5788:
5779:
5770:
5739:
5722:
5699:
5668:
5638:
5607:
5574:
5535:
5522:Irene, Patricia (January 2018).
5515:
5482:
5455:
5424:
5410:
5380:
5350:
5319:
5292:
5265:
5234:
5203:
5182:
5151:
5118:
5085:
5054:
5021:
4994:
4963:
4942:
4921:
4891:
4877:Moldenke, Harold Norman (1949).
4870:
4853:
4832:
4805:
4774:
4747:
4197:ICHIMURA, ANRI (July 23, 2020).
3904:. Filipiknow. September 23, 2015
3617:"WORLD WAR II AND HUK EXPANSION"
3360:Eisner, Peter (September 2017).
3251:. University Press of Kentucky.
3147:Paul Morrow (January 16, 2009).
2815:World War 2 Pacific island guide
2466:World War 2 Pacific Island Guide
2240:Also attacked non-Huk guerrillas
1803:; a resistance unit composed of
1325:Kilusan ng Paglaban sa Pilipinas
713:
695:
637:
630:
612:
598:
582:
567:
547:
532:
495:
482:
469:
454:
442:
430:
418:
406:
394:
382:
369:
355:
342:
321:
302:
290:
278:
266:
254:
242:
230:
202:
190:
176:
161:
142:
121:
6043:, Naval Institute Press, p. 24.
5548:Asian Journal of Social Science
4903:. Kodansha. 1983. p. 184.
4716:
4689:
4658:
4637:
4619:
4588:
4565:
4547:
4516:
4486:
4455:
4435:
4387:
4350:
4323:
4292:
4265:
4253:McKenna, Thomas (May 4, 2022).
4246:
4242:. AFP, OSAKA, JAPAN. p. 9.
4227:
4209:
4190:
4178:
4166:
4154:
4142:
4115:
4074:
4062:
4050:
4028:
4003:
3932:
3916:
3802:
3784:
3760:
3727:
3666:
3650:
3635:
3609:
3593:
3559:
3539:
3470:
3421:
3388:"Guerrillas in the Philippines"
3380:
3353:
3321:
3109:
2995:
2941:
2921:
2908:
2895:
2874:
2805:
2768:
2711:
2681:
2654:
2568:. Scarecrow Press. p. 16.
2555:
2483:
2252:
2167:Yamashita: The Tiger's Treasure
2121:Committee on Financial Services
1684:2nd Filipino Infantry Regiments
1672:5217th Reconnaissance Battalion
1451:Commonwealth of the Philippines
813:
183:Commonwealth of the Philippines
135:Philippine Executive Commission
9323:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
7033:Territorial changes of Germany
6941:Indonesian National Revolution
6360:Philippine Archives Collection
6300:Morningstar, James K. (2021).
5746:Caraccilo, Dominic J. (2005).
5001:Niksch, Larry (October 2010).
4702:. University of Hawaii Press.
3619:. History.Army. Archived from
3525:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 209–210.
2419:
2372:
2368:. Routledge. pp. 335–336.
2243:
2234:
2179:Aishite Imasu 1941: Mahal Kita
2051:
1783:became his second-in-command.
1630:South West Pacific Area (SWPA)
1317:Philippine resistance movement
765:8,000–10,000 dead (before the
1:
8723:Japanese invasion of Thailand
8674:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
8438:German invasion of Luxembourg
6819:Mediterranean and Middle East
6325:Villanueva, James A. (2022).
5843:Nakano, Satoshi (June 2004).
4595:早瀬, 晋三 (September 17, 2021).
4580:(41): 111–141. Archived from
4299:Espaldon, Ernesto M. (1997).
3024:. In Sandler, Stanley (ed.).
2665:. Maranao.Com. Archived from
2265:
1923:by Remedios Felias, a former
1837:the islands to the Japanese.
1707:rescue mission of Allied POWs
1397:Imperial General Headquarters
1368:
8630:Invasion of the Soviet Union
8319:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
7637:Independent State of Croatia
6274:Reports of General MacArthur
5752:. Stackpole Books. pp.
5393:. Penguin Publishing Group.
5299:Appleman, Roy Edgar (1948).
5272:Goodman, Grant Kohn (1967).
5061:Nakasone, Ronald Y. (2002).
4665:Nakasone, Ronald Y. (2002).
4613:10.57278/wiapstokyu.41.0_111
3277:Hogan, David W. Jr. (1992).
2725:. WGBH. 1999. Archived from
2490:Clodfelter, Micheal (2002).
1874:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
1859:Battle of the Philippine Sea
1426:action in order to keep the
1260:Manchuria and Northern Korea
680:Luzon Guerrilla Armed Forces
7:
9614:End of World War II in Asia
9454:Western invasion of Germany
8961:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
8938:Second Battle of El Alamein
8508:Hundred Regiments Offensive
8480:Battle of the Mediterranean
8333:Italian invasion of Albania
6507:Air warfare of World War II
6329:University Press of Kansas.
5887:. Temple University Press.
5805:Shuttle Camp Wendell Fertig
5092:Dusinberre, Martin (2017).
5032:. In Adachi, Nobuko (ed.).
4010:Barreveld, Dick J. (2015).
3929:, Fall 2005, Vol. 37, No. 3
3701:The Hukbalahap Insurrection
3049:Manahan, Manuel P. (1987).
2884:(Brassey's, 2000), p.17ff;
2812:Rottman, Godron L. (2002).
2778:; Norling, Bernard (1996).
2214:NL Military Shrine and Park
1967:Moro resistance in Mindanao
1577:Philippine Military Academy
1058:Dutch East Indies (1941–42)
1015:Strategic bombing (1944–45)
753:~30,000 Hukbalahap fighters
590:Republic of the Philippines
149:Republic of the Philippines
10:
9696:
9540:Naval bombardment of Japan
8908:First Battle of El Alamein
8827:Battle of Christmas Island
8772:Japanese invasion of Burma
8536:Italian invasion of Greece
8452:German invasion of Belgium
8424:German invasion of Denmark
8397:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
8266:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
6530:Comparative military ranks
6372:Filipinas heritage Library
6153:Villalón, Augusti (2007).
6015:Seattle Post-Intelligencer
5675:Gruenzner, Norman (1979).
4883:. By Author. p. 140.
4866:. University of Minnesota.
4555:"藤岡 明義 〜 の在庫検索結果 / 日本の古本屋"
4493:Yoshimi, Yoshiaki (2015).
4394:Yoshimi, Yoshiaki (2015).
4365:. Brill. pp. 78–183.
4357:Matthiessen, Sven (2016).
4330:Matthiessen, Sven (2015).
4014:. Philadelphia: Casemate.
3734:Lembke, Andrew E. (2013).
3328:Cannon, M. Hamlin (1954).
2846:Schmidt, Larry S. (1982).
2524:. McFarland. p. 512.
2463:Gordon L. Rottman (2002).
2154:and the more contemporary
2063:
1983:war with the United States
1970:
1748:
1647:Allied Intelligence Bureau
1520:
1504:in the Philippines during
1372:
1207:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands
197:Philippine Communist Party
9629:
9461:Bratislava–Brno offensive
9401:
9392:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
9129:
9016:Allied invasion of Sicily
8970:
8876:Aleutian Islands campaign
8848:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
8795:
8786:Greek famine of 1941–1944
8681:Second Battle of Changsha
8586:German invasion of Greece
8554:
8431:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
8406:
8344:
8239:
8120:
7846:
7756:
7604:
7307:
7298:
7056:
6881:
6773:North and Central Pacific
6734:
6496:
6489:
6416:
6132:. Duke University Press.
4627:"【長官】ここだけ太平洋戦争中のスレ18【死す】"
4371:10.1163/9789004305724_005
4272:Omar, Ibrahim S. (2018).
3968:Lofgren, Stephen (1996).
3368:. Smithsonian Institution
3116:McCoy, Alfred W. (1999).
3095:"Remember Los Banos 1945"
2689:"Have a bolo will travel"
2206:Balantang National Shrine
2173:In the Bosom of the Enemy
1973:Moros during World War II
1795:Ethnic Chinese resistance
1619:Marcos of the Philippines
1315:, there was an extensive
823:
777:
759:
755:~30,000 Moro Juramentados
736:
523:
220:
113:
103:liberated the Philippines
57:
46:
34:
25:
9053:Allied invasion of Italy
9030:Solomon Islands campaign
8779:Third Battle of Changsha
8376:First Battle of Changsha
8282:Second Sino-Japanese War
7222:German military brothels
7088:United States war crimes
6304:. Naval Institute Press.
5560:10.1163/1568531043584827
5431:Tiu, Macario D. (2005).
5387:Lukacs, John D. (2011).
5326:Matsuda, Hiroko (2019).
5302:Okinawa: the Last Battle
5210:Matsuda, Hiroko (2018).
4781:Kerr, George H. (2011).
3169:Quimpo, Nathan Gilbert.
3079:Mojica, Proculo (1960).
2952:Shikan: Shinjuwan Kogeki
2227:
2190:Filipino Heroes Memorial
2117:Congressional Gold Medal
1294:Second Sino-Japanese War
1134:Estevan Point Lighthouse
889:Indian Ocean (1941–1945)
840:Marshalls–Gilberts raids
9475:Second Guangxi campaign
9330:Philippines (1944–1945)
8834:Battle of the Coral Sea
8737:Fall of the Philippines
8383:Battle of South Guangxi
8289:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
7695:Italian Social Republic
5645:Min, Pyong Gap (2021).
5357:Heads, Michael (2014).
4173:Zincke & Mills 2002
4080:Schmidt (1982), p. 165.
3545:Sides, Hampton (2001).
3450:"Nautilus III (SS-168)"
2882:The Pearl Harbor Papers
2663:"The Japanese Invasion"
2364:Tan, Chee-Beng (2012).
1895:fought the Japanese in
1789:Philippine Constabulary
1337:Philippine Constabulary
896:Japanese merchant raids
9060:Armistice of Cassibile
8862:Battle of Dutch Harbor
8813:Battle of the Java Sea
8716:Attack on Pearl Harbor
8616:Syria–Lebanon campaign
8609:Battle of South Shanxi
8579:Invasion of Yugoslavia
8362:Battle of the Atlantic
7976:Korean Liberation Army
7689:(until September 1943)
7646:(until September 1944)
7624:(until September 1944)
6248:. 1948. Archived from
6157:. ArtPost Asia Books.
5614:Gruhl, Werner (2017).
5581:Marr, Timothy (2014).
5507:: CS1 maint: others (
4970:Niksch, Larry (2010).
4383:– via brill.com.
4044:March 3, 2016, at the
3020:Lansford, Tom (2001).
2954:(Tokyo, 1955), p. 150.
2927:Morison, Samuel Eliot
2414:Fascism Outside Europe
2412:Stein Ugelvik Larsen,
2222:Libingan ng mga Bayani
2079:Gen. Douglas MacArthur
2074:
2061:
1963:
1943:guerrillas under Col.
1885:
1833:
1741:
1705:who were conducting a
1555:
1540:
1500:after the three-month
1494:Imperial Japanese Army
1483:Jonathan M. Wainwright
1405:Imperial Japanese Navy
1385:attack on Pearl Harbor
1333:Bureau of Constabulary
1195:Hiroshima and Nagasaki
1039:Burma and India (1944)
862:Gilberts and Marshalls
772:8,000 dead (1942-1945)
652:10th Military District
575:Imperial Japanese Navy
555:Imperial Japanese Army
221:Commanders and leaders
9224:Second Battle of Guam
9120:Bengal famine of 1943
9090:Second Battle of Kiev
9046:Battle of the Dnieper
8751:Battle of Wake Island
8623:East African campaign
8565:Battle of South Henan
8210:atrocities by Germans
7983:Korean Volunteer Army
6964:Occupation of Germany
6718:Music in World War II
5125:Miyauchi, H. (2016).
4860:Suzuki, Taku (2003).
4839:Suzuki, Taku (2003).
3867:Augusto V. de Viana.
3852:on December 29, 2021.
3776:. February 19, 2015.
3715:on September 25, 2012
3623:on September 25, 2012
2070:
2059:
1961:
1949:Battle of the Visayas
1867:
1823:
1816:Resistance in Visayas
1745:Hukbalahap resistance
1732:
1546:
1538:
1521:Further information:
1373:Further information:
1105:Philippines (1944–45)
1063:Philippines (1941–42)
760:Casualties and losses
690:6th Military District
644:Recognized Guerrillas
9510:Surrender of Germany
8988:Battle of West Hubei
8945:Guadalcanal campaign
8915:Battle of Stalingrad
8841:Battle of Madagascar
7615:Albania protectorate
7402:(formerly Swaziland)
7111:Wehrmacht war crimes
6927:Expulsion of Germans
6711:Art and World War II
6609:British contribution
6558:Governments in exile
6351:at Wikimedia Commons
5776:Schmidt (1984) p. 5.
5587:Mashriq & Mahjar
4976:. DIANE Publishing.
4615:– via J-Stage.
4103:on November 22, 2007
3971:Southern Philippines
3657:Mari-An C., Santos.
3409:. United States Army
3366:Smithsonian Magazine
3022:"Bataan Death March"
2903:The Northern Mariner
2097:Russell W. Volckmann
1993:Moros living around
1937:Battle for Cebu City
1693:, guerrillas led by
1488:Afterwards came the
1356:Select units of the
906:Homfreyganj massacre
362:Russell W. Volckmann
101:forces successfully
9600:Potsdam Declaration
9489:Italy (Spring 1945)
9252:Liberation of Paris
8709:Siege of Sevastopol
7727:(until August 1944)
7630:Wang Jingwei regime
7452:from September 1943
7412:from September 1944
7350:from September 1944
7210:Romanian war crimes
7201:Persecution of Jews
7187:Croatian war crimes
7157:Japanese war crimes
6971:Occupation of Japan
6920:First Indochina War
6632:Military production
6544:Declarations of war
6374:. Ayala Foundation.
6288:on January 31, 2016
6209:. Corregidor Island
5977:on November 3, 2014
5803:Bernay A. (2002). "
5600:10.24847/22i2014.27
5028:Ohno, Shun (2006).
4952:Bulletin, Volume 21
4462:Poyer, Lin (2022).
4444:Jungleer, Volume 48
4259:Positively Filipino
4203:Esquire Philippines
3796:www.bataandiary.com
3773:ABS-CBN Corporation
3672:Saulo, Alfredo B.,
3600:Ceniza, Christian.
3429:"Narwhal II (SC-1)"
2636:American Experience
2631:"The Guerrilla War"
2194:Luis Taruc Memorial
2192:in Corregidor, the
2105:U.S. Special Forces
1512:Resistance in Luzon
744:30,000 Constabulary
724:Moro-Bolo Battalion
449:Macario Peralta Jr.
9593:Surrender of Japan
9426:Battle of Iwo Jima
9275:Belgrade offensive
8688:Siege of Leningrad
8572:Battle of Shanggao
8501:British Somaliland
8466:Dunkirk evacuation
8417:Norwegian campaign
8355:Invasion of Poland
8182:Japanese prisoners
7150:Italian war crimes
7081:British war crimes
6996:Soviet occupations
6780:South-West Pacific
6667:Allied cooperation
6625:Military equipment
6255:on October 6, 2014
6241:United States Army
6107:The New York Times
5785:Schmidt (1984) p.6
4122:"Maniacal Moros".
3954:Felias, Remedios,
3923:The "Z Plan" Story
3309:on August 23, 2020
3151:. Pilipino Express
3009:. August 21, 2024.
3007:www.britannica.com
2886:Google Books entry
2729:on August 23, 2020
2427:MacArthur, Douglas
2198:San Luis, Pampanga
2185:Fires on the Plain
2062:
1964:
1886:
1834:
1742:
1676:Filipino Americans
1655:cruiser submarines
1599:Marking Guerrillas
1556:
1541:
1523:Raid at Cabanatuan
1490:Bataan Death March
1428:U.S. Pacific Fleet
1253:Japanese surrender
1219:Naval bombardments
1149:Fire balloon bombs
872:Volcano and Ryukyu
867:Marianas and Palau
685:Leyte Area Command
665:Marking Guerrillas
273:Tomoyuki Yamashita
9667:
9666:
9625:
9624:
9468:Battle of Okinawa
9367:Burma (1944–1945)
9201:Mariana and Palau
8981:Tunisian campaign
8806:Fall of Singapore
8730:Fall of Hong Kong
8473:Battle of Britain
8326:Operation Himmler
8235:
8234:
7899:Dutch East Indies
7542:Southern Rhodesia
7294:
7293:
7194:Genocide of Serbs
7097:German war crimes
7074:Soviet war crimes
7067:Allied war crimes
6913:Division of Korea
6892:Chinese Civil War
6690:Strategic bombing
6602:Manhattan Project
6347:Media related to
6164:978-9-7193-1708-1
6139:978-0-822-39594-2
6084:on April 14, 2012
5920:Los Angeles Times
5915:Stars and Stripes
5894:978-1-592-13123-5
5763:978-0-8117-3248-2
5475:978-971-0392-05-6
5370:978-1-107-04102-8
5312:978-0-7924-5859-3
5064:Okinawan Diaspora
5014:978-1-4379-2720-7
4825:978-1-4629-0184-5
4767:978-1-351-74248-1
4709:978-0-8248-4414-1
4699:Okinawan Diaspora
4668:Okinawan Diaspora
4584:on July 23, 2022.
4021:978-1-612-00308-5
3927:Prologue Magazine
3663:February 15, 2008
3532:978-1-59884-427-6
3490:978-1-4728-0546-1
3196:Missing or empty
3133:978-0-300-07765-0
3053:. pp. 17–23.
3035:978-0-8153-1883-5
2948:Fukudome, Shigeru
2825:978-0-313-31395-0
2575:978-0-8108-7026-0
2550:978-0-7658-0352-8
2531:978-0-7864-7470-7
2476:978-0-313-31395-0
2392:978-0-8131-0986-2
2210:Jaro, Iloilo City
2139:Back Door to Hell
1999:Salipada Pendatun
1868:American Colonel
1781:Casto Alejandrino
1720:Wenceslao Vinzons
1638:Jesús A. Villamor
1590:Raid at Los Baños
1586:Douglas MacArthur
1527:Raid at Los Baños
1403:conducted by the
1399:) was a surprise
1302:
1301:
1144:Lookout Air Raids
1051:Southwest Pacific
782:
781:
675:Cebu Area Command
515:Salipada Pendatun
489:Casto Alejandrino
389:Marcos V. Agustin
109:
108:
9687:
9660:
9653:
9646:
9643:World portal
9641:
9640:
9616:
9609:
9602:
9595:
9586:
9579:
9572:
9563:
9556:
9549:
9542:
9535:
9528:
9519:
9512:
9505:
9503:Prague offensive
9498:
9496:Battle of Berlin
9491:
9484:
9477:
9470:
9463:
9456:
9449:
9442:
9440:Vienna offensive
9435:
9428:
9421:
9419:Battle of Manila
9414:
9394:
9385:
9376:
9369:
9360:
9353:
9346:
9339:
9332:
9325:
9318:
9309:
9300:
9293:
9284:
9277:
9270:
9263:
9254:
9247:
9240:
9233:
9226:
9219:
9212:
9203:
9196:
9187:
9178:
9169:
9162:
9160:Korsun–Cherkassy
9155:
9144:
9122:
9113:
9106:
9099:
9092:
9085:
9078:
9071:
9062:
9055:
9048:
9041:
9032:
9025:
9018:
9011:
9004:
9002:Bombing of Gorky
8997:
8990:
8983:
8963:
8956:
8947:
8940:
8933:
8924:
8917:
8910:
8903:
8892:
8885:
8878:
8871:
8869:Battle of Midway
8864:
8857:
8855:Battle of Gazala
8850:
8843:
8836:
8829:
8822:
8815:
8808:
8788:
8781:
8774:
8767:
8765:Battle of Borneo
8760:
8758:Malayan campaign
8753:
8746:
8739:
8732:
8725:
8718:
8711:
8704:
8702:Bombing of Gorky
8697:
8695:Battle of Moscow
8690:
8683:
8676:
8669:
8662:
8655:
8639:
8632:
8625:
8618:
8611:
8604:
8595:
8588:
8581:
8574:
8567:
8547:
8538:
8531:
8524:
8517:
8510:
8503:
8496:
8489:
8482:
8475:
8468:
8461:
8459:Battle of France
8454:
8447:
8440:
8433:
8426:
8419:
8399:
8392:
8385:
8378:
8371:
8364:
8357:
8335:
8328:
8321:
8314:
8312:Munich Agreement
8307:
8300:
8291:
8284:
8277:
8268:
8261:
8246:
8245:
8228:
8221:
8212:
8205:
8198:
8197:Soviet prisoners
8191:
8184:
8177:
8168:
8161:
8152:
8145:
8138:
8137:German prisoners
8133:
8113:
8104:
8097:
8090:
8085:
8078:
8071:
8064:
8057:
8050:
8043:
8036:
8029:
8022:
8015:
8008:
8001:
7994:
7985:
7978:
7971:
7964:
7957:
7950:
7943:
7936:
7929:
7922:
7915:
7908:
7901:
7894:
7887:
7880:
7873:
7866:
7859:
7839:
7832:
7825:
7818:
7811:
7804:
7797:
7790:
7783:
7776:
7769:
7749:
7742:
7735:
7728:
7720:
7713:
7706:
7697:
7690:
7682:
7675:
7673:French Indochina
7668:
7661:
7654:
7647:
7639:
7632:
7625:
7617:
7597:
7588:
7581:
7572:
7565:
7558:
7551:
7544:
7537:
7530:
7523:
7520:from August 1944
7511:
7504:
7497:
7490:
7483:
7476:
7469:
7462:
7455:
7443:
7436:
7429:
7422:
7415:
7403:
7395:
7388:
7381:
7374:
7367:
7360:
7353:
7341:
7334:
7327:
7320:
7305:
7304:
7285:
7278:
7271:
7264:
7257:
7246:
7231:
7224:
7217:
7212:
7203:
7196:
7189:
7180:
7173:
7166:
7164:Nanjing Massacre
7159:
7152:
7143:
7141:Nuremberg trials
7134:
7127:
7120:
7113:
7106:
7099:
7090:
7083:
7076:
7069:
7049:
7042:
7035:
7026:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6982:
6973:
6966:
6959:
6952:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6915:
6908:
6901:
6894:
6874:
6865:
6858:
6851:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6821:
6812:
6805:
6798:
6789:
6782:
6775:
6768:
6761:
6754:
6747:
6745:Asia and Pacific
6727:
6720:
6713:
6706:
6699:
6692:
6685:
6676:
6674:Mulberry harbour
6669:
6662:
6655:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6620:
6611:
6604:
6597:
6588:
6581:
6574:
6567:
6560:
6553:
6546:
6539:
6532:
6525:
6516:
6509:
6494:
6493:
6482:
6475:
6466:
6459:
6452:
6445:
6438:
6431:
6424:
6403:
6396:
6389:
6380:
6379:
6375:
6363:
6346:
6322:
6316:
6297:
6295:
6293:
6284:. Archived from
6264:
6262:
6260:
6254:
6236:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6202:
6196:
6195:
6180:Official Gazette
6175:
6169:
6168:
6150:
6144:
6143:
6125:
6119:
6118:
6116:
6114:
6099:
6093:
6092:
6091:
6089:
6080:, archived from
6072:
6066:
6065:
6064:on July 4, 2008.
6050:
6044:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6006:
6000:
5993:
5987:
5986:
5984:
5982:
5973:. Archived from
5971:Official Gazette
5963:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5952:
5937:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5905:
5899:
5898:
5880:
5874:
5870:
5868:
5866:
5861:on July 22, 2011
5860:
5849:
5840:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5829:
5818:
5812:
5801:
5795:
5792:
5786:
5783:
5777:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5743:
5737:
5726:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5703:
5697:
5696:
5672:
5666:
5665:
5642:
5636:
5635:
5611:
5605:
5604:
5602:
5578:
5572:
5571:
5539:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5519:
5513:
5512:
5506:
5498:
5486:
5480:
5479:
5459:
5453:
5452:
5428:
5422:
5421:
5414:
5408:
5407:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5323:
5317:
5316:
5296:
5290:
5289:
5269:
5263:
5262:
5238:
5232:
5231:
5207:
5201:
5200:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5155:
5149:
5148:
5122:
5116:
5115:
5089:
5083:
5082:
5058:
5052:
5051:
5025:
5019:
5018:
4998:
4992:
4991:
4967:
4961:
4960:
4946:
4940:
4939:
4925:
4919:
4918:
4895:
4889:
4888:
4874:
4868:
4867:
4857:
4851:
4850:
4836:
4830:
4829:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4778:
4772:
4771:
4751:
4745:
4744:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4641:
4635:
4634:
4623:
4617:
4616:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4569:
4563:
4562:
4551:
4545:
4544:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4439:
4433:
4432:
4421:
4412:
4411:
4391:
4385:
4384:
4354:
4348:
4347:
4327:
4321:
4320:
4296:
4290:
4289:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4250:
4244:
4243:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4194:
4188:
4182:
4176:
4170:
4164:
4158:
4152:
4146:
4140:
4139:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4110:
4108:
4091:"Terror in Jolo"
4087:
4081:
4078:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4048:
4032:
4026:
4025:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3993:
3987:
3985:
3965:
3959:
3952:
3946:
3936:
3930:
3920:
3914:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3898:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3873:
3864:
3855:
3854:October 13, 2009
3853:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3824:
3815:
3814:February 2, 2015
3813:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3742:
3731:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3720:
3711:. Archived from
3692:
3677:
3670:
3664:
3662:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3639:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3628:
3613:
3607:
3606:February 2, 2015
3605:
3597:
3591:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3563:
3557:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3516:
3514:
3512:
3503:
3494:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3446:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3414:
3402:
3397:
3395:
3390:. West-Point.Org
3384:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3373:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3325:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3305:. Archived from
3274:
3263:
3262:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3226:
3212:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3194:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3174:
3167:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3102:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3061:
3055:
3054:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3017:
3011:
3010:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2979:. Archived from
2961:
2955:
2945:
2939:
2925:
2919:
2912:
2906:
2899:
2893:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2861:
2854:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2695:. Archived from
2685:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2669:on July 27, 2010
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2627:
2618:
2617:
2611:
2609:
2594:
2592:
2590:
2579:
2559:
2553:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2515:
2506:
2505:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2460:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2440:
2423:
2417:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2376:
2370:
2369:
2361:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2339:
2332:
2321:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2289:
2280:
2259:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2241:
2238:
2113:Colleen Hanabusa
2101:Donald Blackburn
2082:
1905:Ruperto Kangleon
1893:Nieves Fernandez
1846:James M. Cushing
1805:Filipino-Chinese
1740:guerrilla leader
1610:Ferdinand Marcos
1502:Battle of Bataan
1498:prisoners of war
1434:was planning in
1395:by the Japanese
1389:Hawaii Operation
1274:Manchuria (1945)
1129:Aleutian Islands
979:Indochina (1945)
949:Indochina (1940)
935:2nd Indian Ocean
918:1st Indian Ocean
913:Christmas Island
818:
808:
801:
794:
785:
784:
769:in October 1944)
742:Unknown Japanese
718:
717:
716:
700:
699:
698:
691:
686:
681:
676:
653:
646:
642:
641:
640:
635:
634:
633:
617:
616:
615:
608:
603:
602:
601:
588:
586:
585:
573:
571:
570:
553:
551:
550:
538:
536:
535:
500:
499:
498:
491:
487:
486:
485:
474:
473:
472:
461:Hsoo Ching-Cheng
459:
458:
457:
447:
446:
445:
437:Ruperto Kangleon
435:
434:
433:
423:
422:
421:
413:James M. Cushing
411:
410:
409:
399:
398:
397:
387:
386:
385:
378:
374:
373:
372:
364:
360:
359:
358:
347:
346:
345:
326:
325:
324:
315:
307:
306:
305:
295:
294:
293:
283:
282:
281:
271:
270:
269:
261:Shigenori Kuroda
259:
258:
257:
249:Shizuichi Tanaka
247:
246:
245:
235:
234:
233:
207:
206:
205:
195:
194:
193:
185:
181:
180:
170:
166:
165:
153:
147:
146:
127:
125:
124:
79:(Southeast Asia)
59:
58:
51:
23:
22:
9695:
9694:
9690:
9689:
9688:
9686:
9685:
9684:
9670:
9669:
9668:
9663:
9656:
9649:
9635:
9633:
9621:
9612:
9605:
9598:
9591:
9582:
9575:
9568:
9559:
9554:Atomic bombings
9552:
9545:
9538:
9531:
9524:
9515:
9508:
9501:
9494:
9487:
9480:
9473:
9466:
9459:
9452:
9445:
9438:
9431:
9424:
9417:
9410:
9397:
9390:
9379:
9372:
9365:
9356:
9349:
9342:
9335:
9328:
9321:
9312:
9303:
9296:
9287:
9280:
9273:
9266:
9257:
9250:
9245:Eastern Romania
9243:
9238:Warsaw Uprising
9236:
9231:Tannenberg Line
9229:
9222:
9217:Western Ukraine
9215:
9206:
9199:
9190:
9181:
9172:
9165:
9158:
9147:
9138:
9125:
9118:
9109:
9102:
9095:
9088:
9081:
9074:
9067:
9058:
9051:
9044:
9035:
9028:
9021:
9014:
9009:Battle of Kursk
9007:
9000:
8993:
8986:
8979:
8966:
8959:
8950:
8943:
8936:
8927:
8920:
8913:
8906:
8897:
8888:
8881:
8874:
8867:
8860:
8853:
8846:
8839:
8832:
8825:
8820:St Nazaire Raid
8818:
8811:
8804:
8791:
8784:
8777:
8770:
8763:
8756:
8749:
8742:
8735:
8728:
8721:
8714:
8707:
8700:
8693:
8686:
8679:
8672:
8665:
8658:
8644:
8635:
8628:
8621:
8614:
8607:
8602:Anglo-Iraqi War
8600:
8593:Battle of Crete
8591:
8584:
8577:
8570:
8563:
8550:
8541:
8534:
8527:
8522:Eastern Romania
8520:
8513:
8506:
8499:
8492:
8485:
8478:
8471:
8464:
8457:
8450:
8443:
8436:
8429:
8422:
8415:
8402:
8395:
8388:
8381:
8374:
8367:
8360:
8353:
8340:
8331:
8324:
8317:
8310:
8303:
8296:
8287:
8280:
8273:
8264:
8257:
8231:
8224:
8217:
8208:
8201:
8196:
8187:
8180:
8173:
8164:
8157:
8148:
8141:
8136:
8129:
8116:
8109:
8100:
8093:
8088:
8083:Western Ukraine
8081:
8074:
8067:
8060:
8053:
8046:
8039:
8032:
8027:Northeast China
8025:
8018:
8011:
8004:
7997:
7990:
7981:
7974:
7967:
7960:
7953:
7946:
7939:
7932:
7925:
7918:
7911:
7904:
7897:
7890:
7883:
7876:
7869:
7862:
7855:
7842:
7835:
7828:
7821:
7814:
7807:
7800:
7793:
7786:
7779:
7772:
7765:
7752:
7745:
7738:
7733:Slovak Republic
7731:
7723:
7716:
7709:
7704:Empire of Japan
7702:
7693:
7685:
7678:
7671:
7664:
7657:
7650:
7642:
7635:
7628:
7620:
7613:
7600:
7593:
7584:
7577:
7568:
7561:
7554:
7547:
7540:
7533:
7526:
7514:
7507:
7500:
7493:
7486:
7479:
7472:
7465:
7458:
7446:
7439:
7432:
7425:
7418:
7406:
7398:
7391:
7384:
7377:
7370:
7363:
7356:
7344:
7337:
7330:
7323:
7316:
7290:
7281:
7274:
7267:
7260:
7249:
7234:
7227:
7220:
7216:Sexual violence
7215:
7208:
7199:
7192:
7185:
7176:
7169:
7162:
7155:
7148:
7139:
7130:
7123:
7116:
7109:
7102:
7095:
7086:
7079:
7072:
7065:
7052:
7045:
7038:
7031:
7022:
7015:
7008:
7001:
6994:
6985:
6976:
6969:
6962:
6955:
6946:
6939:
6934:Greek Civil War
6932:
6925:
6918:
6911:
6904:
6897:
6890:
6877:
6870:
6861:
6854:
6847:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6817:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6785:
6778:
6771:
6764:
6759:South-East Asia
6757:
6750:
6743:
6730:
6723:
6716:
6709:
6702:
6695:
6688:
6681:
6672:
6665:
6658:
6651:
6644:
6637:
6630:
6623:
6618:Military awards
6616:
6607:
6600:
6593:
6584:
6577:
6570:
6563:
6556:
6549:
6542:
6535:
6528:
6521:
6512:
6505:
6485:
6478:
6471:
6462:
6455:
6448:
6443:
6434:
6427:
6420:
6412:
6407:
6366:
6354:
6339:
6314:
6291:
6289:
6258:
6256:
6252:
6234:
6230:
6227:
6225:Further reading
6222:
6212:
6210:
6203:
6199:
6176:
6172:
6165:
6151:
6147:
6140:
6126:
6122:
6112:
6110:
6109:. July 31, 1961
6101:
6100:
6096:
6087:
6085:
6074:
6073:
6069:
6052:
6051:
6047:
6038:
6034:
6024:
6022:
6007:
6003:
5994:
5990:
5980:
5978:
5965:
5964:
5960:
5950:
5948:
5939:
5938:
5934:
5924:
5922:
5906:
5902:
5895:
5881:
5877:
5864:
5862:
5858:
5847:
5841:
5837:
5827:
5825:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5802:
5798:
5793:
5789:
5784:
5780:
5775:
5771:
5764:
5744:
5740:
5727:
5723:
5713:
5711:
5704:
5700:
5689:
5673:
5669:
5659:
5643:
5639:
5628:
5612:
5608:
5579:
5575:
5540:
5536:
5528:
5520:
5516:
5500:
5499:
5488:
5487:
5483:
5476:
5460:
5456:
5445:
5429:
5425:
5416:
5415:
5411:
5401:
5385:
5381:
5371:
5355:
5351:
5340:
5324:
5320:
5313:
5297:
5293:
5286:
5270:
5266:
5255:
5239:
5235:
5224:
5208:
5204:
5187:
5183:
5172:
5156:
5152:
5141:
5123:
5119:
5108:
5090:
5086:
5075:
5059:
5055:
5044:
5026:
5022:
5015:
4999:
4995:
4984:
4968:
4964:
4947:
4943:
4926:
4922:
4911:
4897:
4896:
4892:
4875:
4871:
4858:
4854:
4837:
4833:
4826:
4810:
4806:
4795:
4779:
4775:
4768:
4752:
4748:
4737:
4721:
4717:
4710:
4694:
4690:
4679:
4663:
4659:
4642:
4638:
4625:
4624:
4620:
4597:"戦場体験者の戦記を糺す試み"
4593:
4589:
4570:
4566:
4559:www.kosho.or.jp
4553:
4552:
4548:
4537:
4526:敗残の記: 玉砕地ホロ島の記錄
4523:藤岡, 明義 (1991).
4521:
4517:
4507:
4491:
4487:
4476:
4460:
4456:
4441:
4440:
4436:
4423:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4392:
4388:
4381:
4355:
4351:
4344:
4328:
4324:
4313:
4297:
4293:
4286:
4270:
4266:
4251:
4247:
4232:
4228:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4195:
4191:
4183:
4179:
4171:
4167:
4159:
4155:
4147:
4143:
4121:
4120:
4116:
4106:
4104:
4089:
4088:
4084:
4079:
4075:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4046:Wayback Machine
4033:
4029:
4022:
4008:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3982:
3966:
3962:
3953:
3949:
3937:
3933:
3921:
3917:
3907:
3905:
3900:
3899:
3890:
3880:
3878:
3871:
3865:
3858:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3832:news.google.com
3826:
3825:
3818:
3812:. ABS-CBN News.
3808:
3807:
3803:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3751:
3740:
3732:
3728:
3718:
3716:
3693:
3680:
3671:
3667:
3655:
3651:
3640:
3636:
3626:
3624:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3598:
3594:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3564:
3560:
3544:
3540:
3533:
3517:
3510:
3508:
3501:
3495:
3491:
3475:
3471:
3460:Navy Department
3448:
3447:
3439:Navy Department
3427:
3426:
3422:
3412:
3410:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3386:
3385:
3381:
3371:
3369:
3358:
3354:
3344:
3342:
3326:
3322:
3312:
3310:
3295:
3275:
3266:
3259:
3240:
3236:
3227:
3222:Chicago Tribune
3213:
3209:
3197:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3168:
3164:
3154:
3152:
3145:
3141:
3134:
3114:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3077:
3073:
3063:
3062:
3058:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3018:
3014:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2986:
2984:
2983:on May 23, 2011
2963:
2962:
2958:
2946:
2942:
2926:
2922:
2913:
2909:
2900:
2896:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2852:
2844:
2840:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2755:
2739:
2732:
2730:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2699:on July 7, 2011
2687:
2686:
2682:
2672:
2670:
2661:Jubair, Salah.
2659:
2655:
2645:
2643:
2629:
2628:
2621:
2615:in August 1945;
2607:
2605:
2596:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2576:
2560:
2556:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2461:
2448:
2438:
2436:
2424:
2420:
2411:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2377:
2373:
2362:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2322:
2313:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2287:
2281:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2230:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2054:
1975:
1969:
1945:Macario Peralta
1917:Battle of Leyte
1818:
1797:
1753:
1747:
1568:Ramon Magsaysay
1533:
1519:
1514:
1474:(April 19) and
1401:military strike
1381:
1371:
1362:Philippine Army
1342:Second Republic
1305:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1290:
1202:Mariana Islands
1075:Solomon Islands
1044:Burma (1944–45)
1034:Burma (1942–43)
1029:Burma (1941–42)
1022:Burma and India
954:Franco-Thai War
901:Andaman Islands
828:Central Pacific
819:
814:
812:
773:
767:Allied invasion
754:
752:
750:
745:
743:
727:
726:Maranao Militia
725:
723:
722:
714:
712:
711:
696:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
651:
638:
636:
631:
629:
628:
613:
611:
599:
597:
596:
583:
581:
568:
566:
548:
546:
540:Empire of Japan
533:
531:
519:
506:
496:
494:
483:
481:
480:
470:
468:
465:
455:
453:
443:
441:
431:
429:
419:
417:
407:
405:
395:
393:
383:
381:
370:
368:
367:
356:
354:
353:
343:
341:
335:
328:Artemio Ricarte
322:
320:
303:
301:
297:Jorge B. Vargas
291:
289:
279:
277:
267:
265:
255:
253:
243:
241:
231:
229:
213:
203:
201:
191:
189:
188:
175:
174:
160:
159:
151:
141:
140:
129:Empire of Japan
122:
120:
94:
80:
66:
52:
37:Pacific Theater
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9693:
9683:
9682:
9665:
9664:
9662:
9661:
9654:
9647:
9630:
9627:
9626:
9623:
9622:
9620:
9619:
9618:
9617:
9610:
9603:
9589:
9588:
9587:
9573:
9570:South Sakhalin
9566:
9565:
9564:
9550:
9543:
9536:
9529:
9522:
9521:
9520:
9506:
9499:
9492:
9485:
9478:
9471:
9464:
9457:
9450:
9443:
9436:
9429:
9422:
9415:
9407:
9405:
9399:
9398:
9396:
9395:
9388:
9387:
9386:
9370:
9363:
9362:
9361:
9347:
9340:
9333:
9326:
9319:
9310:
9301:
9294:
9285:
9278:
9271:
9264:
9255:
9248:
9241:
9234:
9227:
9220:
9213:
9204:
9197:
9188:
9179:
9170:
9163:
9156:
9145:
9135:
9133:
9127:
9126:
9124:
9123:
9116:
9115:
9114:
9107:
9093:
9086:
9079:
9072:
9065:
9064:
9063:
9049:
9042:
9033:
9026:
9019:
9012:
9005:
8998:
8995:Battle of Attu
8991:
8984:
8976:
8974:
8968:
8967:
8965:
8964:
8957:
8948:
8941:
8934:
8925:
8918:
8911:
8904:
8895:
8894:
8893:
8886:
8872:
8865:
8858:
8851:
8844:
8837:
8830:
8823:
8816:
8809:
8801:
8799:
8793:
8792:
8790:
8789:
8782:
8775:
8768:
8761:
8754:
8747:
8744:Battle of Guam
8740:
8733:
8726:
8719:
8712:
8705:
8698:
8691:
8684:
8677:
8670:
8667:Battle of Kiev
8663:
8656:
8642:
8641:
8640:
8626:
8619:
8612:
8605:
8598:
8597:
8596:
8582:
8575:
8568:
8560:
8558:
8552:
8551:
8549:
8548:
8539:
8532:
8525:
8518:
8511:
8504:
8497:
8490:
8483:
8476:
8469:
8462:
8455:
8448:
8441:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8412:
8410:
8404:
8403:
8401:
8400:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8365:
8358:
8350:
8348:
8342:
8341:
8339:
8338:
8337:
8336:
8329:
8322:
8315:
8308:
8294:
8293:
8292:
8285:
8271:
8270:
8269:
8254:
8252:
8243:
8237:
8236:
8233:
8232:
8230:
8229:
8222:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8206:
8194:
8193:
8192:
8178:
8171:
8170:
8169:
8166:United Kingdom
8162:
8155:
8154:
8153:
8134:
8126:
8124:
8118:
8117:
8115:
8114:
8107:
8106:
8105:
8098:
8086:
8079:
8072:
8065:
8058:
8051:
8044:
8037:
8030:
8023:
8016:
8009:
8002:
7995:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7979:
7965:
7958:
7951:
7944:
7937:
7930:
7923:
7916:
7909:
7902:
7895:
7888:
7881:
7874:
7867:
7860:
7852:
7850:
7844:
7843:
7841:
7840:
7833:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7798:
7791:
7784:
7777:
7770:
7762:
7760:
7754:
7753:
7751:
7750:
7743:
7736:
7729:
7721:
7714:
7707:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7683:
7676:
7669:
7662:
7655:
7648:
7640:
7633:
7626:
7618:
7610:
7608:
7602:
7601:
7599:
7598:
7591:
7590:
7589:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7570:British Empire
7563:United Kingdom
7559:
7552:
7545:
7538:
7531:
7524:
7512:
7505:
7498:
7491:
7484:
7477:
7470:
7463:
7456:
7444:
7437:
7430:
7423:
7416:
7404:
7396:
7389:
7382:
7379:Czechoslovakia
7375:
7368:
7361:
7354:
7342:
7335:
7328:
7321:
7313:
7311:
7302:
7296:
7295:
7292:
7291:
7289:
7288:
7287:
7286:
7279:
7276:Rape of Manila
7272:
7265:
7258:
7247:
7232:
7225:
7213:
7206:
7205:
7204:
7197:
7183:
7182:
7181:
7174:
7167:
7153:
7146:
7145:
7144:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7128:
7114:
7107:
7093:
7092:
7091:
7084:
7077:
7062:
7060:
7054:
7053:
7051:
7050:
7047:United Nations
7043:
7036:
7029:
7028:
7027:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6992:
6983:
6974:
6967:
6960:
6953:
6944:
6937:
6930:
6923:
6916:
6909:
6906:Decolonization
6902:
6895:
6887:
6885:
6879:
6878:
6876:
6875:
6868:
6867:
6866:
6852:
6845:
6844:
6843:
6836:
6829:
6815:
6814:
6813:
6806:
6792:
6791:
6790:
6783:
6776:
6769:
6762:
6755:
6740:
6738:
6732:
6731:
6729:
6728:
6721:
6714:
6707:
6700:
6693:
6686:
6679:
6678:
6677:
6670:
6656:
6649:
6642:
6635:
6628:
6621:
6614:
6613:
6612:
6598:
6591:
6590:
6589:
6582:
6579:United Kingdom
6575:
6561:
6554:
6547:
6540:
6533:
6526:
6519:
6518:
6517:
6502:
6500:
6491:
6487:
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6460:
6453:
6441:
6440:
6439:
6425:
6417:
6414:
6413:
6406:
6405:
6398:
6391:
6383:
6377:
6376:
6364:
6352:
6338:
6337:External links
6335:
6334:
6333:
6330:
6323:
6305:
6298:
6265:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6220:
6205:Laputt, Juny.
6197:
6170:
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6138:
6120:
6094:
6067:
6045:
6032:
6001:
5988:
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5893:
5875:
5835:
5813:
5796:
5787:
5778:
5769:
5762:
5738:
5721:
5706:Vaflor, Marc.
5698:
5687:
5667:
5658:978-1978814981
5657:
5637:
5627:978-1351513241
5626:
5606:
5573:
5534:
5514:
5481:
5474:
5454:
5443:
5423:
5409:
5400:978-0451234100
5399:
5379:
5369:
5349:
5339:978-0824867577
5338:
5318:
5311:
5291:
5284:
5264:
5254:978-3593397627
5253:
5233:
5223:978-0824877071
5222:
5202:
5181:
5171:978-1351742481
5170:
5150:
5140:978-9811001321
5139:
5117:
5107:978-1317599036
5106:
5084:
5073:
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5042:
5020:
5013:
4993:
4983:978-1437927207
4982:
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4831:
4824:
4804:
4794:978-1462901845
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4736:978-1351742481
4735:
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4708:
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4535:
4515:
4506:978-0231538596
4505:
4485:
4475:978-0824891800
4474:
4454:
4434:
4413:
4407:978-0231165686
4406:
4386:
4379:
4349:
4343:978-9004305724
4342:
4322:
4311:
4291:
4285:978-1543743272
4284:
4264:
4245:
4226:
4208:
4189:
4177:
4165:
4153:
4141:
4114:
4082:
4073:
4071:, pp. 354–355.
4061:
4049:
4027:
4020:
4002:
3988:
3981:978-0160481406
3980:
3960:
3947:
3931:
3915:
3888:
3856:
3837:
3816:
3801:
3792:"World War II"
3783:
3759:
3749:
3726:
3678:
3665:
3649:
3634:
3608:
3604:. Ten Minutes.
3592:
3579:978-0813127552
3578:
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2940:
2937:978-0785813149
2920:
2907:
2894:
2873:
2838:
2824:
2804:
2791:978-0813126661
2790:
2776:Lapham, Robert
2767:
2754:978-1472805249
2753:
2710:
2680:
2653:
2619:
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2530:
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2269:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2161:The Great Raid
2133:Back to Bataan
2093:Wendell Fertig
2069:
2053:
2050:
1971:Main article:
1968:
1965:
1909:Wendell Fertig
1870:Wendell Fertig
1817:
1814:
1796:
1793:
1749:Main article:
1746:
1743:
1628:In July 1942,
1623:Mariano Marcos
1603:Enfield rifles
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1456:Masaharu Homma
1440:United Kingdom
1436:Southeast Asia
1370:
1367:
1300:
1299:
1289:
1288:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1243:
1242:
1241:
1231:
1229:South Sakhalin
1226:
1221:
1216:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1065:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
986:
984:Malacca Strait
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
945:
944:
942:Southeast Asia
938:
937:
932:
927:
926:
925:
915:
910:
909:
908:
898:
892:
891:
885:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
854:
852:Doolittle Raid
849:
842:
837:
831:
830:
824:
821:
820:
811:
810:
803:
796:
788:
780:
779:
775:
774:
770:
762:
761:
757:
756:
747:
746:6,000 Makapili
739:
738:
734:
733:
705:
704:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
659:
654:
624:
623:
622:
609:
578:
577:
564:
563:
562:
526:
525:
524:Units involved
521:
520:
518:
517:
512:
505:
504:
492:
478:
464:
463:
451:
439:
427:
415:
403:
391:
379:
365:
351:
349:Wendell Fertig
338:
336:
334:
333:
318:
299:
287:
285:Jose P. Laurel
275:
263:
251:
239:
237:Masaharu Homma
226:
223:
222:
218:
217:
212:
211:
187:
186:
156:
155:
154:
138:
116:
115:
111:
110:
107:
106:
96:
90:
89:
88:Allied victory
86:
82:
81:
75:
73:
69:
68:
63:
55:
54:
44:
43:
32:
31:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9692:
9681:
9678:
9677:
9675:
9659:
9655:
9652:
9648:
9645:
9644:
9639:
9632:
9631:
9628:
9615:
9611:
9608:
9604:
9601:
9597:
9596:
9594:
9590:
9585:
9581:
9580:
9578:
9577:Kuril Islands
9574:
9571:
9567:
9562:
9558:
9557:
9555:
9551:
9548:
9544:
9541:
9537:
9534:
9530:
9527:
9523:
9518:
9514:
9513:
9511:
9507:
9504:
9500:
9497:
9493:
9490:
9486:
9483:
9479:
9476:
9472:
9469:
9465:
9462:
9458:
9455:
9451:
9448:
9444:
9441:
9437:
9434:
9430:
9427:
9423:
9420:
9416:
9413:
9409:
9408:
9406:
9404:
9400:
9393:
9389:
9384:
9383:
9378:
9377:
9375:
9371:
9368:
9364:
9359:
9355:
9354:
9352:
9348:
9345:
9344:Syrmian Front
9341:
9338:
9334:
9331:
9327:
9324:
9320:
9317:
9316:
9311:
9308:
9307:
9302:
9299:
9295:
9292:
9291:
9290:Market Garden
9286:
9283:
9279:
9276:
9272:
9269:
9265:
9262:
9261:
9256:
9253:
9249:
9246:
9242:
9239:
9235:
9232:
9228:
9225:
9221:
9218:
9214:
9211:
9210:
9205:
9202:
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9186:
9185:
9180:
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9171:
9168:
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9157:
9154:
9150:
9149:Monte Cassino
9146:
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9027:
9024:
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9003:
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8996:
8992:
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8985:
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8969:
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8958:
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8954:
8949:
8946:
8942:
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8935:
8932:
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8926:
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8916:
8912:
8909:
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8902:
8901:
8896:
8891:
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8780:
8776:
8773:
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8762:
8759:
8755:
8752:
8748:
8745:
8741:
8738:
8734:
8731:
8727:
8724:
8720:
8717:
8713:
8710:
8706:
8703:
8699:
8696:
8692:
8689:
8685:
8682:
8678:
8675:
8671:
8668:
8664:
8661:
8657:
8653:
8652:
8647:
8643:
8638:
8634:
8633:
8631:
8627:
8624:
8620:
8617:
8613:
8610:
8606:
8603:
8599:
8594:
8590:
8589:
8587:
8583:
8580:
8576:
8573:
8569:
8566:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8557:
8553:
8546:
8545:
8540:
8537:
8533:
8530:
8526:
8523:
8519:
8516:
8515:Baltic states
8512:
8509:
8505:
8502:
8498:
8495:
8491:
8488:
8484:
8481:
8477:
8474:
8470:
8467:
8463:
8460:
8456:
8453:
8449:
8446:
8442:
8439:
8435:
8432:
8428:
8425:
8421:
8418:
8414:
8413:
8411:
8409:
8405:
8398:
8394:
8391:
8387:
8384:
8380:
8377:
8373:
8370:
8366:
8363:
8359:
8356:
8352:
8351:
8349:
8347:
8343:
8334:
8330:
8327:
8323:
8320:
8316:
8313:
8309:
8306:
8302:
8301:
8299:
8295:
8290:
8286:
8283:
8279:
8278:
8276:
8272:
8267:
8263:
8262:
8260:
8256:
8255:
8253:
8251:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8238:
8227:
8223:
8220:
8216:
8211:
8207:
8204:
8200:
8199:
8195:
8190:
8186:
8185:
8183:
8179:
8176:
8172:
8167:
8163:
8160:
8159:United States
8156:
8151:
8147:
8146:
8144:
8140:
8139:
8135:
8132:
8128:
8127:
8125:
8123:
8119:
8112:
8108:
8103:
8099:
8096:
8095:Quốc dân Đảng
8092:
8091:
8087:
8084:
8080:
8077:
8073:
8070:
8066:
8063:
8059:
8056:
8052:
8049:
8045:
8042:
8038:
8035:
8031:
8028:
8024:
8021:
8017:
8014:
8010:
8007:
8003:
8000:
7996:
7993:
7989:
7984:
7980:
7977:
7973:
7972:
7970:
7966:
7963:
7959:
7956:
7952:
7949:
7945:
7942:
7938:
7935:
7931:
7928:
7924:
7921:
7917:
7914:
7910:
7907:
7903:
7900:
7896:
7893:
7889:
7886:
7882:
7879:
7875:
7872:
7868:
7865:
7861:
7858:
7854:
7853:
7851:
7849:
7845:
7838:
7834:
7831:
7827:
7824:
7820:
7817:
7813:
7810:
7806:
7803:
7799:
7796:
7795:Liechtenstein
7792:
7789:
7785:
7782:
7778:
7775:
7771:
7768:
7764:
7763:
7761:
7759:
7755:
7748:
7744:
7741:
7737:
7734:
7730:
7726:
7722:
7719:
7715:
7712:
7708:
7705:
7701:
7696:
7692:
7691:
7688:
7684:
7681:
7677:
7674:
7670:
7667:
7663:
7660:
7656:
7653:
7649:
7645:
7641:
7638:
7634:
7631:
7627:
7623:
7619:
7616:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7607:
7603:
7596:
7592:
7587:
7583:
7582:
7580:
7579:United States
7576:
7571:
7567:
7566:
7564:
7560:
7557:
7553:
7550:
7546:
7543:
7539:
7536:
7532:
7529:
7525:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7510:
7506:
7503:
7499:
7496:
7492:
7489:
7485:
7482:
7478:
7475:
7471:
7468:
7464:
7461:
7457:
7453:
7449:
7445:
7442:
7438:
7435:
7431:
7428:
7424:
7421:
7417:
7413:
7409:
7405:
7401:
7397:
7394:
7390:
7387:
7383:
7380:
7376:
7373:
7369:
7366:
7362:
7359:
7355:
7351:
7347:
7343:
7340:
7336:
7333:
7329:
7326:
7322:
7319:
7315:
7314:
7312:
7310:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7297:
7284:
7280:
7277:
7273:
7270:
7269:Comfort women
7266:
7263:
7259:
7256:
7253: /
7252:
7248:
7245:
7242: /
7241:
7238: /
7237:
7233:
7230:
7229:Camp brothels
7226:
7223:
7219:
7218:
7214:
7211:
7207:
7202:
7198:
7195:
7191:
7190:
7188:
7184:
7179:
7175:
7172:
7168:
7165:
7161:
7160:
7158:
7154:
7151:
7147:
7142:
7138:
7133:
7129:
7126:
7122:
7121:
7119:
7118:The Holocaust
7115:
7112:
7108:
7105:
7104:forced labour
7101:
7100:
7098:
7094:
7089:
7085:
7082:
7078:
7075:
7071:
7070:
7068:
7064:
7063:
7061:
7059:
7055:
7048:
7044:
7041:
7037:
7034:
7030:
7025:
7021:
7018:
7014:
7011:
7007:
7004:
7000:
6999:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6989:
6984:
6981:
6980:
6975:
6972:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6958:
6957:Marshall Plan
6954:
6951:
6950:
6945:
6942:
6938:
6935:
6931:
6928:
6924:
6921:
6917:
6914:
6910:
6907:
6903:
6900:
6896:
6893:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6884:
6880:
6873:
6869:
6864:
6860:
6859:
6857:
6853:
6850:
6846:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6822:
6820:
6816:
6811:
6810:Eastern Front
6807:
6804:
6803:Western Front
6800:
6799:
6797:
6793:
6788:
6784:
6781:
6777:
6774:
6770:
6767:
6763:
6760:
6756:
6753:
6749:
6748:
6746:
6742:
6741:
6739:
6737:
6733:
6726:
6722:
6719:
6715:
6712:
6708:
6705:
6701:
6698:
6697:Puppet states
6694:
6691:
6687:
6684:
6680:
6675:
6671:
6668:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6654:
6650:
6647:
6643:
6640:
6639:Naval history
6636:
6633:
6629:
6626:
6622:
6619:
6615:
6610:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6599:
6596:
6592:
6587:
6586:United States
6583:
6580:
6576:
6573:
6569:
6568:
6566:
6562:
6559:
6555:
6552:
6548:
6545:
6541:
6538:
6534:
6531:
6527:
6524:
6520:
6515:
6511:
6510:
6508:
6504:
6503:
6501:
6499:
6495:
6492:
6488:
6481:
6477:
6474:
6470:
6465:
6461:
6458:
6454:
6451:
6447:
6446:
6442:
6437:
6433:
6432:
6430:
6426:
6423:
6419:
6418:
6415:
6411:
6404:
6399:
6397:
6392:
6390:
6385:
6384:
6381:
6373:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6357:
6353:
6350:
6345:
6341:
6340:
6331:
6328:
6324:
6320:
6313:
6312:
6306:
6303:
6299:
6287:
6283:
6279:
6275:
6271:
6266:
6251:
6247:
6243:
6242:
6233:
6229:
6228:
6208:
6201:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6174:
6166:
6160:
6156:
6149:
6141:
6135:
6131:
6124:
6108:
6104:
6098:
6083:
6079:
6078:
6071:
6063:
6059:
6055:
6049:
6042:
6036:
6020:
6016:
6012:
6005:
5998:
5997:The RKO Story
5992:
5976:
5972:
5968:
5962:
5946:
5942:
5936:
5921:
5917:
5916:
5911:
5904:
5896:
5890:
5886:
5879:
5873:
5857:
5853:
5846:
5839:
5823:
5817:
5810:
5806:
5800:
5791:
5782:
5773:
5765:
5759:
5755:
5751:
5750:
5742:
5735:
5734:1-55750-483-0
5731:
5725:
5709:
5702:
5695:
5690:
5684:
5680:
5679:
5671:
5664:
5660:
5654:
5650:
5649:
5641:
5634:
5629:
5623:
5620:. Routledge.
5619:
5618:
5610:
5601:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5584:
5577:
5569:
5565:
5561:
5557:
5554:(3): 425–57.
5553:
5549:
5545:
5538:
5527:
5526:
5518:
5510:
5504:
5497:
5493:
5492:
5485:
5477:
5471:
5467:
5466:
5458:
5451:
5446:
5440:
5436:
5435:
5427:
5419:
5413:
5406:
5402:
5396:
5392:
5391:
5383:
5376:
5372:
5366:
5362:
5361:
5353:
5346:
5341:
5335:
5331:
5330:
5322:
5314:
5308:
5304:
5303:
5295:
5287:
5281:
5277:
5276:
5268:
5261:
5256:
5250:
5246:
5245:
5237:
5230:
5225:
5219:
5215:
5214:
5206:
5199:
5194:
5193:
5185:
5178:
5173:
5167:
5163:
5162:
5154:
5147:
5142:
5136:
5132:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5109:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5076:
5070:
5066:
5065:
5057:
5050:
5045:
5039:
5035:
5031:
5024:
5016:
5010:
5006:
5005:
4997:
4990:
4985:
4979:
4975:
4974:
4966:
4959:
4954:
4953:
4945:
4938:
4933:
4932:
4924:
4917:
4912:
4906:
4902:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4882:
4881:
4873:
4865:
4864:
4856:
4849:
4844:
4843:
4835:
4827:
4821:
4817:
4816:
4808:
4801:
4796:
4790:
4786:
4785:
4777:
4769:
4763:
4760:. Routledge.
4759:
4758:
4750:
4743:
4738:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4719:
4711:
4705:
4701:
4700:
4692:
4685:
4680:
4674:
4670:
4669:
4661:
4654:
4649:
4648:
4640:
4632:
4628:
4622:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4598:
4591:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4568:
4560:
4556:
4550:
4543:
4538:
4532:
4528:
4527:
4519:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4498:
4497:
4489:
4482:
4477:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4458:
4451:
4446:
4445:
4438:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4418:
4409:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4390:
4382:
4380:9789004305724
4376:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4353:
4345:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4326:
4319:
4314:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4295:
4287:
4281:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4256:
4249:
4241:
4237:
4230:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4181:
4174:
4169:
4162:
4157:
4150:
4145:
4137:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4118:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4096:Time Magazine
4092:
4086:
4077:
4070:
4065:
4058:
4053:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4023:
4017:
4013:
4006:
3998:
3992:
3983:
3977:
3973:
3972:
3964:
3957:
3951:
3945:
3944:9781612001555
3941:
3935:
3928:
3924:
3919:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3893:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3861:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3833:
3829:
3823:
3821:
3811:
3805:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3779:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3763:
3756:
3752:
3750:9780988583764
3746:
3739:
3738:
3730:
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3691:
3689:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3675:
3669:
3660:
3653:
3646:. Filipiknow.
3645:
3638:
3622:
3618:
3612:
3603:
3596:
3581:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3562:
3556:
3555:0-385-49564-1
3552:
3548:
3542:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3507:
3500:
3492:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3473:
3465:
3461:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3424:
3408:
3401:
3394:September 27,
3389:
3383:
3367:
3363:
3356:
3345:September 27,
3341:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3324:
3313:September 27,
3308:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3294:9781410216908
3290:
3286:
3285:
3280:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3260:
3258:9780813145709
3254:
3250:
3249:
3244:
3243:Robert Lapham
3238:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3211:
3203:
3190:
3179:
3172:
3166:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3120:
3112:
3096:
3090:
3082:
3075:
3067:
3060:
3052:
3045:
3037:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2960:
2953:
2949:
2944:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2917:
2911:
2904:
2898:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2858:
2851:
2850:
2842:
2827:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2808:
2793:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2698:
2694:
2693:Asian Journal
2690:
2684:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2626:
2624:
2616:
2603:
2599:
2584:
2577:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2558:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2533:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2501:9780786412044
2497:
2493:
2486:
2478:
2472:
2468:
2467:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2415:
2409:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2375:
2367:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2336:
2329:
2328:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2297:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2270:
2255:
2246:
2237:
2233:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2152:
2151:Cry of Battle
2147:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2073:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2016:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1925:comfort woman
1922:
1918:
1914:
1913:Leyte Landing
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1850:Mineichi Koga
1847:
1843:
1838:
1831:
1827:
1822:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1792:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:Eduardo Joson
1696:
1692:
1687:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1669:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:Chick Parsons
1639:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1409:United States
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
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1236:
1235:
1234:Kuril Islands
1232:
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1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1118:
1117:North America
1115:
1114:
1111:
1110:Borneo (1945)
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
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965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
943:
940:
939:
936:
933:
931:
930:Bay of Bengal
928:
924:
921:
920:
919:
916:
914:
911:
907:
904:
903:
902:
899:
897:
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893:
890:
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886:
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878:
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868:
865:
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848:
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832:
829:
826:
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789:
786:
776:
771:
768:
764:
763:
758:
748:
741:
740:
735:
732:
731:
730:and others...
721:
710:
709:
708:and others...
703:
693:
688:
683:
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467:
466:
462:
452:
450:
440:
438:
428:
426:
425:Robert Lapham
416:
414:
404:
402:
401:Terry Adevoso
392:
390:
380:
377:
366:
363:
352:
350:
340:
339:
337:
332:
329:
319:
316:
310:
309:Benigno Ramos
300:
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264:
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184:
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168:United States
164:
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118:
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100:
97:
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74:
71:
70:
64:
61:
60:
56:
50:
45:
42:
38:
33:
30:
24:
19:
9651:Bibliography
9634:
9447:Project Hula
9412:Vistula–Oder
9381:
9314:
9305:
9289:
9259:
9208:
9192:
9183:
9174:
9140:
9037:
8952:
8928:
8898:
8649:
8542:
8487:North Africa
8189:Soviet Union
8143:Soviet Union
8069:Soviet Union
8040:
7837:Vatican City
7747:Vichy France
7652:German Reich
7549:Soviet Union
7535:South Africa
7528:Sierra Leone
7481:Newfoundland
7300:Participants
7283:Marocchinate
6987:
6978:
6948:
6826:North Africa
6787:Indian Ocean
6646:Nazi plunder
6537:Cryptography
6410:World War II
6371:
6359:
6326:
6310:
6301:
6292:September 3,
6290:. Retrieved
6286:the original
6273:
6257:. Retrieved
6250:the original
6238:
6211:. Retrieved
6200:
6183:
6179:
6173:
6154:
6148:
6129:
6123:
6111:. Retrieved
6106:
6097:
6086:, retrieved
6082:the original
6076:
6070:
6062:the original
6048:
6040:
6035:
6023:. Retrieved
6014:
6004:
5996:
5991:
5979:. Retrieved
5975:the original
5970:
5961:
5951:February 10,
5949:. Retrieved
5945:Congress.gov
5944:
5935:
5925:February 10,
5923:. Retrieved
5913:
5903:
5884:
5878:
5863:. Retrieved
5856:the original
5851:
5838:
5828:November 21,
5826:. Retrieved
5816:
5808:
5799:
5790:
5781:
5772:
5748:
5741:
5724:
5712:. Retrieved
5710:. Filipiknow
5701:
5692:
5677:
5670:
5662:
5647:
5640:
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5616:
5609:
5590:
5586:
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5130:
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5023:
5003:
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4914:
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4807:
4798:
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4776:
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4740:
4725:
4718:
4698:
4691:
4682:
4667:
4660:
4651:
4646:
4639:
4631:toro.5ch.net
4630:
4621:
4604:
4600:
4590:
4582:the original
4577:
4567:
4558:
4549:
4540:
4525:
4518:
4510:
4495:
4488:
4479:
4464:
4457:
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4396:
4389:
4362:
4352:
4332:
4325:
4316:
4301:
4294:
4274:
4267:
4258:
4248:
4240:Taipei Times
4239:
4229:
4220:
4211:
4202:
4192:
4180:
4168:
4156:
4144:
4127:
4123:
4117:
4105:. Retrieved
4101:the original
4094:
4085:
4076:
4064:
4052:
4030:
4011:
4005:
3991:
3970:
3963:
3955:
3950:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3906:. Retrieved
3879:. Retrieved
3875:
3850:the original
3840:
3831:
3804:
3795:
3786:
3771:
3762:
3754:
3736:
3729:
3717:. Retrieved
3713:the original
3700:
3673:
3668:
3652:
3637:
3625:. Retrieved
3621:the original
3611:
3595:
3583:. Retrieved
3568:
3561:
3546:
3541:
3521:
3509:. Retrieved
3505:
3479:
3472:
3453:
3432:
3423:
3411:. Retrieved
3399:
3392:. Retrieved
3382:
3370:. Retrieved
3365:
3355:
3343:. Retrieved
3330:
3323:
3311:. Retrieved
3307:the original
3283:
3247:
3237:
3220:
3210:
3178:
3165:
3153:. Retrieved
3142:
3118:
3111:
3099:. Retrieved
3089:
3080:
3074:
3065:
3059:
3050:
3044:
3025:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2985:. Retrieved
2981:the original
2968:
2959:
2951:
2943:
2928:
2923:
2915:
2910:
2902:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2848:
2841:
2829:. Retrieved
2814:
2807:
2797:September 2,
2795:. Retrieved
2780:
2770:
2760:September 2,
2758:. Retrieved
2743:
2733:September 2,
2731:. Retrieved
2727:the original
2722:
2713:
2703:February 24,
2701:. Retrieved
2697:the original
2692:
2683:
2673:February 23,
2671:. Retrieved
2667:the original
2656:
2646:February 24,
2644:. Retrieved
2634:
2613:
2606:. Retrieved
2601:
2587:. Retrieved
2564:
2557:
2540:
2520:
2491:
2485:
2465:
2437:. Retrieved
2431:
2421:
2413:
2408:
2398:February 24,
2396:. Retrieved
2381:
2374:
2365:
2342:. Retrieved
2326:
2305:September 2,
2303:, retrieved
2291:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2221:
2213:
2205:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2177:
2171:
2165:
2159:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2109:
2089:
2085:
2075:
2071:
2046:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2020:juramentados
2003:Gumbay Piang
1976:
1933:
1920:
1887:
1854:San Fernando
1839:
1835:
1808:
1798:
1785:
1776:
1760:
1757:united front
1754:
1716:
1711:Bronze Stars
1703:Alamo Scouts
1688:
1666:
1659:
1653:. The large
1627:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1573:Hunters ROTC
1557:
1506:World War II
1487:
1448:
1416:Pearl Harbor
1407:against the
1393:Operation AI
1392:
1388:
1382:
1355:
1340:
1324:
1316:
1313:World War II
1306:
1292:
1291:
1266:
1246:
1212:
1159:
1154:Project Hula
1139:Fort Stevens
1068:
1008:
1001:
994:
882:Ocean Island
845:
835:Pearl Harbor
728:
706:
670:Hunters ROTC
627:
626:
607:(until 1944)
605:Constabulary
580:
579:
530:
529:
510:Gumbay Piang
376:Edwin Ramsey
158:
137:(until 1943)
119:
114:Belligerents
41:World War II
35:Part of the
28:
18:
9382:Bodenplatte
9268:Gothic Line
8494:West Africa
8041:Philippines
8020:Netherlands
7885:Czech lands
7823:Switzerland
7767:Afghanistan
7718:Philippines
7586:Puerto Rico
7502:Philippines
7488:New Zealand
7474:Netherlands
7427:Free France
7178:Prosecution
6979:Osoaviakhim
6849:West Africa
6833:East Africa
6480:Conferences
4607:: 111–141.
4221:Japan Times
4057:Arnold 2011
3908:January 13,
3881:January 13,
3101:October 17,
3066:Asia at War
2916:Proceedings
2439:January 25,
2052:Recognition
1842:Koga Papers
1736:, Filipino
1695:Juan Pajota
1691:Nueva Ecija
1444:Netherlands
1339:during the
1307:During the
1279:Mutanchiang
1100:New Britain
816:Pacific War
621:(from 1944)
215:Moro people
152:(from 1943)
93:Territorial
77:Philippines
9482:West Hunan
9315:Pointblank
8651:Silver Fox
8637:Summer War
8390:Winter War
8369:Phoney War
8150:Azerbaijan
8111:Yugoslavia
8006:Luxembourg
7848:Resistance
7595:Yugoslavia
7460:Luxembourg
7262:Sook Ching
7058:War crimes
6660:Technology
6653:Opposition
6595:Lend-Lease
6572:Australian
6565:Home front
6523:Blitzkrieg
6473:Casualties
6464:Commanders
6436:Operations
5865:January 2,
5807:." (PDF).
5688:0933580002
5444:9710392050
5285:0818801549
5074:0824844149
5043:1135987238
4910:0870116207
4818:. Tuttle.
4678:0824844149
4578:『アジア太平洋討究』
4536:4122017904
4312:9719183314
4185:A. P. 1942
4124:Black Belt
4069:Keats 1990
3719:August 30,
3627:August 30,
3340:B000JL8WEG
3198:|url=
2987:August 30,
2888:on Prange
2552:p. 143-144
2266:References
2202:Corregidor
2064:See also:
1995:Lake Lanao
1989:, and the
1777:El Supremo
1769:Luis Taruc
1765:revolution
1751:Hukbalahap
1738:Hukbalahap
1734:Luis Taruc
1560:guerrillas
1549:bolo knife
1468:Corregidor
1442:, and the
1424:preventive
1412:naval base
1369:Background
1358:resistance
1224:Sagami Bay
1213:Starvation
1095:New Guinea
720:Hukbalahap
502:Juan Feleo
476:Luis Taruc
209:Hukbalahap
9547:Manchuria
9433:Indochina
9209:Bagration
8660:Lithuania
8305:Anschluss
8102:Viet Minh
7999:Lithuania
7941:Hong Kong
7711:Manchukuo
7666:Azad Hind
7325:Australia
7125:Aftermath
6988:Paperclip
6883:Aftermath
6683:Total war
6551:Diplomacy
6514:In Europe
6192:0115-0421
6088:March 19,
6025:March 15,
5824:. Timyoho
5503:cite book
5007:. DIANE.
4136:0277-3066
4059:, p. 271.
3303:316829618
2866:August 5,
2156:John Dahl
1678:from the
1665:USS
1658:USS
1651:submarine
1634:Australia
1614:maharlika
1553:Los Baños
1347:Kenpeitai
1329:guerrilla
1268:Kantokuen
1175:Air raids
1090:Australia
1080:Coral Sea
974:Singapore
969:Hong Kong
657:USAFIP-NL
560:Kempeitai
9674:Category
9658:Category
9607:document
9517:document
9374:Ardennes
9358:Budapest
9306:Crossbow
9184:Overlord
9023:Smolensk
8241:Timeline
8076:Slovakia
8062:Thailand
7913:Ethiopia
7878:Bulgaria
7802:Portugal
7740:Thailand
7622:Bulgaria
7400:Eswatini
7393:Ethiopia
7346:Bulgaria
7171:Unit 731
7132:Response
6949:Keelhaul
6899:Cold War
6872:Americas
6863:timeline
6856:Atlantic
6736:Theaters
6319:Archived
6282:66-60005
6259:March 7,
6213:July 26,
6019:Archived
5981:July 26,
5714:July 26,
5568:23654532
5049:Okinawa.
4601:アジア太平洋討究
4429:vdoc.pub
4187:, p. 24.
4175:, p. 47.
4163:, p. 19.
4042:Archived
3778:Archived
3709:86600597
3585:June 11,
3511:July 26,
3413:July 26,
3372:July 27,
3189:cite web
3155:July 18,
2977:66060007
2857:Archived
2608:July 23,
2589:July 23,
2429:(1966).
2344:July 27,
2335:Archived
2296:archived
2292:dtic.mil
2218:La Union
2123:and the
1915:and the
1897:Tacloban
1878:Mindanao
1826:Tacloban
1773:Pampanga
1667:Nautilus
1387:(called
1351:Makapili
1321:Filipino
1286:Chongjin
1247:Downfall
1185:Yokosuka
1002:Tiderace
959:Thailand
737:Strength
619:Makapili
72:Location
9584:Shumshu
9351:Hungary
9298:Estonia
9282:Lapland
9260:Dragoon
9193:Neptune
9175:Ichi-Go
9141:Tempest
9083:Changde
9038:Cottage
8930:Jubilee
8646:Finland
8544:Compass
8250:Prelude
8203:Finland
8089:Vietnam
8055:Romania
7927:Germany
7906:Estonia
7892:Denmark
7871:Belgium
7864:Austria
7857:Albania
7788:Ireland
7774:Andorra
7758:Neutral
7725:Romania
7659:Hungary
7644:Finland
7516:Romania
7408:Finland
7386:Denmark
7332:Belgium
7318:Algeria
7024:Romania
7010:Hungary
6766:Pacific
6490:General
6444:Leaders
6429:Battles
6422:Outline
5872:Alt URL
5736:. p.103
5418:"x.com"
5345:Taiwan.
5146:region.
4151:, p. 7.
4107:May 29,
4039:p. 178.
3124:167–170
2723:PBS.org
2015:Maranao
1991:Maranao
1929:Burauen
1801:Wha-Chi
1660:Narwhal
1480:General
1345:), the
1239:Shumshu
1124:Ellwood
989:Vietnam
702:Wha-Chi
311: (
95:changes
9561:Debate
9533:Taipei
9526:Borneo
9104:Tarawa
8298:Europe
8259:Africa
8048:Poland
8034:Norway
8013:Malaya
7992:Latvia
7934:Greece
7920:France
7816:Sweden
7781:Bhutan
7509:Poland
7495:Norway
7467:Mexico
7434:Greece
7420:France
7358:Canada
7339:Brazil
7309:Allies
7255:Serbia
7244:Poland
7017:Poland
7003:Baltic
6796:Europe
6498:Topics
6450:Allied
6280:
6190:
6161:
6136:
6113:May 2,
5891:
5760:
5732:
5685:
5655:
5624:
5566:
5472:
5441:
5397:
5367:
5336:
5309:
5282:
5251:
5220:
5168:
5137:
5104:
5071:
5040:
5011:
4980:
4907:
4822:
4791:
4764:
4733:
4706:
4675:
4533:
4503:
4472:
4404:
4377:
4340:
4309:
4282:
4134:
4018:
3978:
3942:
3747:
3707:
3661:. PEP.
3576:
3553:
3529:
3487:
3338:
3301:
3291:
3255:
3130:
3032:
2975:
2935:
2831:May 7,
2822:
2788:
2751:
2572:
2548:
2528:
2498:
2473:
2389:
2220:. The
1987:Tausug
1977:While
1882:goatee
1594:USAFFE
1564:USAFFE
1529:, and
1464:Bataan
1460:Manila
1420:Hawaii
1009:Zipper
995:Jurist
964:Malaya
923:Ceylon
857:Midway
587:
572:
552:
537:
126:
99:Allied
85:Result
9337:Leyte
9167:Narva
9153:Anzio
9111:Makin
9069:Burma
8953:Torch
8922:Rzhev
8883:Kiska
7969:Korea
7955:Japan
7948:Italy
7830:Tibet
7809:Spain
7687:Italy
7448:Italy
7441:India
7365:China
7240:Japan
6840:Italy
6752:China
6704:Women
6315:(PDF)
6253:(PDF)
6235:(PDF)
5859:(PDF)
5848:(PDF)
5593:(1).
5564:JSTOR
5529:(PDF)
5113:also.
4035:Gross
3986:p. 98
3872:(PDF)
3741:(PDF)
3502:(PDF)
2890:et al
2860:(PDF)
2853:(PDF)
2338:(PDF)
2331:(PDF)
2299:(PDF)
2288:(PDF)
2228:Notes
2158:film
2007:bolos
1953:Bohol
1941:Panay
1901:Leyte
1889:Waray
1830:Leyte
1724:Bicol
1581:Cadet
1476:Panay
1432:Japan
1180:Tokyo
1168:Japan
1085:Timor
661:ECLGA
9403:1945
9131:1944
8972:1943
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