262:, Aratus, and others, following in the steps of the preceding, found, by the use of instruments, the rising and setting of the stars and the changes of the seasons, and left treatises thereon for the use of posterity. Their learning will be admired by mankind, because, added to the above, they appear as if by divine inspiration to have foretold the weather at particular seasons of the year. For a knowledge of these matters reference must therefore be made to their labours and investigation.
411:, “wanted to credit him with the mathematical knowledge it contains”. Most, however, going along with Diogenes and Küster's interpretation of the Souda, accept Philip’s authorship. The question then becomes how to evaluate it. Is it "spurious", "fraudulent", the ramblings of a Platonic imitator? Or is it an authorized complement to a work that Plato himself did not live to complete? Jaeger leans toward the latter view:
544:, xviii.74. Philip is also listed among the “Foreign Authors Quoted” in the “Summary” at the end of the book. The editors added a footnote at this point saying “An astronomer of Medama, or Medina, in Magna Graecia, and a disciple of Plato. He is said to have written a treatise on the winds, and Plutarch states that he demonstrated the shape of the moon.” The city attribution came from Stephanus. See below.
187:
I have long inquired who this anonymous philosopher is, of whom Souda speaks here. At last I found that he was Philip
Opuntius, a disciple of Plato; and this information comes from Laërtius in the life of Plato, number 37. For there you read, that Philip Opuntius was the author of the Epinomis, which
369:
in northern Greece. Medme was a colony of the
Locrians on the western coast of southern Italy. Could there really have been three different astronomer/mathemeticians named Philip from such far-flung places studying with Plato? Or are we faced with a series of copying errors or other mistakes
419:
from his incomplete draft on wax tablets, and divided it into twelve books. He noticed the gap created by the absence of any system for educating the ruler, and tried to compensate it by defining in greater detail the special wisdom which the ruler ought to possess. These supplementary
163:; On pleasure (1); On passion (1); On friends and friendship (1); On writing; On Plato; On eclipse of the moon; On the size of the sun and moon and earth (1); On lightning; On the planets; Arithmetic; On prolific numbers; Optics (2); Enoptics (2); Kykliaka; Means; etc.
155:
and of Plato himself, occupied with the study of the heavens. Living in the time of Philip of
Macedon, he wrote the following: On the distance of the sun and moon; On gods (2); On time (1); On myths (1); On freedom (1); On anger (1); On reciprocation (1);
69:
Not much is known about Philip other than that given above. He received several mentions in the centuries after his death, but other than acknowledging his fame, little beyond the above information was provided. The most important references are those by
188:
is book xiii. Moreover, reviewing the writings of our anonymous philosopher, we see, among other things, that he wrote about Locris
Opuntius, it is testified that no one laughs at how well Philippus Opuntius fits.
373:
Regardless of his origin, it appears that Philip, through his association with the
Academy and the fact that his writing survived for some centuries, was among the more eminent natural philosophers of the time.
490:., s.v. “Philosophos” ("Philosopher"), Adler φ, 418. The mention of Socrates (469-399) is obviously an error if Philip was a contemporary of Philip of Macedon. Probably Isocrates (436-338) is meant.
283:, Callippus, Dositheus, Parmeniscus, Conon, Criton, Democritus, and Eudoxus, all agree that the She-Goat rises in the morning of the fourth before the calends of October, and on the third the Kids.
428:
at the end of the book itself. The
Academy must have entrusted him with this task because he knew the manuscripts Plato had left and the plans he had had in mind, so that we cannot call the
329:
of Mende, a disciple of Plato and induced by him to study mathematics, conducted researches at Plato's suggestions, and set himself the task of giving completeness to Plato's philosophy.
605:, vi.1.5. Strabo claimed that the historian Ephorus was in error saying that the Opuntian Locrians founded the colony. He, instead, maintained it was the Ozolian Locrians.
714:
2202:
2207:
393:, the 1st century CE grammarian and astrologer who organized Plato’s works into nine tetralogies, included it in the last along with
985:
1189:
2212:
151:
Philosopher who divided the Laws of Plato into 12 books; for he himself is said to have added the 13th. And he was a pupil of
707:
340:
Medme: a city in Italy, and a spring of the same name, Hecate, Europe, from a certain spring from Medme. A citizen of Medme,
1222:
183:, identified this anonymous entry with the Philip of Opus mentioned by Diogenes Laërtius. In a footnote to it, he wrote:
1179:
975:
2197:
448:
that mathematical astronomy, the knowledge of the 'visible gods', is an image of the supreme wisdom manifested in them.
731:
687:
700:
504:
1831:
246:, have published systems which explain the mode in which Nature is regulated, and how every effect is produced.
2192:
1565:
1964:
1112:
300:... what and how great satisfactions may we then suppose to have been reaped from geometry and astronomy by
2021:
1932:
1608:
444:
Plato's pupil Philip, who edited the Laws, is certainly echoing his master's thoughts when he says in the
1941:
1781:
2105:
192:
Philip’s name appears in the works of several other ancient writers. In chronological order, they are:
616:
Paideia: the Ideals of Greek
Culture - Volume III: The Conflict of Cultural Ideals in the Age of Plato
403:, and the thirteen epistles. Modern scholars who have made a case for Plato’s authorship include
2009:
1444:
1439:
909:
529:
353:
That these authors named three different home cities for Philip has caused confusion among scholars.
312:
568:
The First Book of Euclid’s
Elements with a Commentary Based Principally up that of Proclus Diadochus
1821:
1635:
1215:
2100:
1791:
1741:
1700:
1690:
1295:
904:
723:
271:
1880:
2144:
1650:
1620:
1530:
1319:
1314:
1051:
924:
859:
333:
128:
2125:
1900:
1806:
1771:
1751:
1570:
1545:
1525:
1500:
1454:
1413:
1408:
1281:
1087:
1016:
754:
366:
1992:
1910:
1865:
1855:
1826:
1535:
1495:
1158:
899:
849:
769:
744:
557:, “That It Is Not Possible To Live Pleasurably According To The Doctrine Of Epicurus”, §11.
404:
390:
318:
8:
2063:
2031:
1885:
1875:
1766:
1520:
1374:
1359:
1344:
1339:
1324:
1305:
1300:
1286:
1208:
929:
834:
784:
759:
2026:
1959:
1731:
1705:
1680:
1675:
1660:
1555:
1334:
1290:
1163:
1077:
619:
2120:
2090:
1811:
1796:
1685:
1630:
1469:
1399:
1394:
1271:
1072:
919:
824:
779:
683:
247:
207:
71:
630:
Jaeger, in the same note, cites articles by F. Mueller, W. Theiler, and B. Einarson.
176:
1949:
1776:
1665:
1580:
1487:
1459:
1434:
1364:
1246:
1184:
1137:
1107:
1097:
1046:
1021:
395:
42:
74:, who wrote short biographies of many early philosophers, and the 10th century CE
2135:
2115:
2095:
2041:
1954:
1905:
1816:
1560:
1550:
1309:
1132:
1067:
1036:
934:
864:
354:
287:
266:
235:
198:
159:
47:
415:
After Plato died, Philip of Opus, who was his secretary and his
Boswell, edited
171:, the man’s name presumably was missing in the source used by the author of the
2162:
2157:
2130:
1999:
1977:
1915:
1890:
995:
809:
789:
243:
34:
2186:
2152:
2085:
2070:
2046:
1982:
1870:
1515:
1117:
1102:
1082:
408:
2080:
385:
Not all scholars – ancient or modern – have accepted Philip’s authorship of
41:) was a philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician. He was a member of
2036:
1736:
1655:
1595:
965:
814:
29:
692:
103:
And in another passage, Philip is listed among the members of the
Academy:
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2110:
2075:
1895:
804:
749:
678:
2004:
1625:
1389:
1349:
1329:
1122:
939:
884:
844:
774:
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when he had perfected his demonstration of the shape of the moon ...
259:
239:
231:
223:
219:
215:
116:
108:
618:, translated by Gilbert Highet, Oxford Univ. Press, 1944, 337, n. 12.
1860:
1801:
1710:
1640:
1585:
1449:
1429:
1266:
1231:
1026:
879:
869:
854:
799:
794:
739:
528:
Capella, brightest star in the constellation Auriga. For more:
251:
193:
147:("philosopher"), his name being lost from the beginning of the entry:
124:
120:
1746:
1715:
1670:
1645:
1603:
1540:
1510:
1404:
1127:
955:
819:
152:
53:
671:
Academica: Plato, Philip of Opus, and the pseudo-Platonic Epinomis
530:
https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/meet-capella-goat-star/
80:, a catalog of several thousand persons and terms from antiquity.
1761:
1756:
1695:
1615:
1354:
1031:
894:
889:
839:
829:
436:, which Plato’s own school therefore considered to be incomplete.
358:
292:
211:
679:
Traditional and Cosmic Gods in Later Plato and the Early Academy
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1575:
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1142:
1092:
1041:
914:
764:
362:
301:
112:
357:
was northwest of Athens about 80 miles. Mende was a colony of
1505:
1261:
1200:
227:
51:. He is generally considered the author of the Platonic
420:
ideas he recorded in the treatise which still exists as the
505:
https://archive.org/details/suidaelexicongr03suid/page/610/
76:
61:), a follow-on conversation among the same interlocutors.
344:, was a man worthy of mention, who wrote about the winds.
673:. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1975.
620:
https://archive.org/details/paideiaidealsofg0003jaeg
143:, Philip is listed anonymously under the heading of
45:
and after the master's death, edited his last work,
501:
Suide Lexicon, Græce & Latine, in three volumes
279:It is a remarkable fact, and rarely the case, that
1940:
2184:
682:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 207-248.
95:, which was written in wax . They also say that
175:. It was not until the early 18th century that
64:
1216:
708:
432:a forgery. It is rather a supplement to
167:Since the entry is placed under the heading
722:
503:. Berlin:Cantabrigia, 1705, vol. III, 610.
1223:
1209:
715:
701:
83:In his biography of Plato, Diogenes wrote:
377:
1245:
570:, Cambridge University Press, 1905, xiv.
2203:Metic philosophers in Classical Athens
2185:
1724:
1204:
696:
566:Quoted in William Barrett Frankland,
348:
91:the Opuntian transcribed his work,
13:
663:
14:
2224:
2208:4th-century BC Greek philosophers
467:Lives of the Eminent Philosophers
407:and H. Raeder, who, according to
206:In respect of natural philosophy
304:when he wrote his Dioptrics, by
1832:Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
646:
633:
624:
608:
595:
586:
573:
370:propagated down the centuries?
1230:
560:
547:
534:
522:
509:
493:
481:
472:
459:
196:(Marcus Vitruvius Pollio), in
1:
2213:Philosophers of Magna Graecia
1965:Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
1113:Inferior and superior planets
7:
65:Ancient evidence for Philip
10:
2229:
1190:Medieval Islamic astronomy
987:On the Sizes and Distances
2198:Ancient Greek astronomers
2143:
2062:
2055:
1991:
1931:
1924:
1848:
1594:
1486:
1440:Metrodorus of Stratonicea
1422:
1382:
1373:
1254:
1238:
1180:Medieval European science
1172:
1151:
1060:
1009:
948:
910:Sosigenes the Peripatetic
730:
38:
1636:Eustathius of Cappadocia
579:Stephanus of Byzantium,
452:
1701:Gaius Marius Victorinus
1296:Demetrius of Amphipolis
905:Sosigenes of Alexandria
724:Ancient Greek astronomy
676:Bartninkas, V. (2023).
1320:Lastheneia of Mantinea
1315:Hestiaeus of Perinthus
977:On Sizes and Distances
450:
438:
346:
334:Stephanus of Byzantium
331:
310:
285:
264:
190:
165:
137:
101:
2193:Academic philosophers
2126:Nicholas Wolterstorff
1901:Theodoric of Freiberg
1571:Clement of Alexandria
1501:Eudorus of Alexandria
1455:Aeschines of Neapolis
1088:Deferent and epicycle
1017:Antikythera mechanism
592:Thucydides, iv.123.1.
442:
413:
338:
324:
298:
277:
204:
185:
149:
105:
85:
16:Ancient Greek scholar
1911:Berthold of Moosburg
1856:John Scotus Eriugena
1827:David the Invincible
1536:Alexander Peloplaton
1159:Babylonian astronomy
850:Hippocrates of Chios
581:de Uribus et Populis
426:Appendix to the Laws
107:His disciples were
2032:Ralph Waldo Emerson
1506:Philo of Alexandria
1345:Menedemus of Pyrrha
1340:Heraclides Ponticus
1325:Timolaus of Cyzicus
1301:Euaeon of Lampsacus
930:Theon of Alexandria
465:Diogenes Laërtius,
2027:Emanuel Swedenborg
1960:Cristoforo Landino
1942:Florentine Academy
1732:Plutarch of Athens
1681:Eusebius of Myndus
1676:Maximus of Ephesus
1661:Theodorus of Asine
1556:Numenius of Apamea
1335:Axiothea of Phlius
1291:Erastus of Scepsis
1164:Egyptian astronomy
1078:Circle of latitude
296:(2nd Century CE):
202:(1st century BCE):
39:Φίλιππος Ὀπούντιος
2180:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2121:Peter van Inwagen
2091:Roderick Chisholm
2017:
2016:
1973:
1972:
1844:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1686:Priscus of Epirus
1488:Middle Platonists
1482:
1481:
1478:
1477:
1470:Dio of Alexandria
1395:Diocles of Cnidus
1198:
1197:
1073:Celestial spheres
669:Tarán, Leonardo.
553:Pseudo-Plutarch,
540:Pliny the Elder,
367:Pallene Peninsula
349:How many Philips?
336:(6th Century CE):
322:(5th century CE):
319:Euclid’s Elements
275:(1st Century CE):
179:, who edited the
160:Opuntian Lokrians
72:Diogenes Laërtius
2220:
2060:
2059:
1938:
1937:
1929:
1928:
1777:Ammonius Hermiae
1722:
1721:
1581:Origen the Pagan
1460:Philo of Larissa
1435:Hagnon of Tarsus
1380:
1379:
1365:Crates of Athens
1252:
1251:
1243:
1242:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1185:Indian astronomy
1138:Sublunary sphere
1108:Hipparchic cycle
1047:Mural instrument
1022:Armillary sphere
1001:
991:
981:
971:
961:
717:
710:
703:
694:
693:
657:
650:
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631:
628:
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40:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2172:
2139:
2136:Edward N. Zalta
2116:Alvin Plantinga
2096:Michael Dummett
2051:
2042:Bernard Bolzano
2013:
1987:
1969:
1955:Marsilio Ficino
1920:
1906:Meister Eckhart
1836:
1817:John Philoponus
1720:
1590:
1561:Ammonius Saccas
1551:Maximus of Tyre
1474:
1418:
1369:
1310:Python of Aenus
1234:
1229:
1199:
1194:
1168:
1147:
1133:Spherical Earth
1068:Callippic cycle
1056:
1037:Equatorial ring
1005:
999:
989:
979:
969:
959:
944:
935:Theon of Smyrna
726:
721:
666:
664:Further reading
661:
660:
651:
647:
638:
634:
629:
625:
614:Werner Jaeger,
613:
609:
600:
596:
591:
587:
583:, s.v. “Medme”.
578:
574:
565:
561:
552:
548:
542:Natural History
539:
535:
527:
523:
517:de Architectura
514:
510:
499:Ludolf Küster,
498:
494:
486:
482:
477:
473:
464:
460:
455:
383:
355:Opuntian Locris
351:
288:Pseudo-Plutarch
272:Natural History
267:Pliny the Elder
199:de Architectura
67:
43:Plato’s Academy
17:
12:
11:
5:
2226:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2178:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2163:Roman Ingarden
2160:
2158:Edmund Husserl
2155:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2133:
2131:Crispin Wright
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2108:
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2101:W. V. O. Quine
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
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2039:
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2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2007:
2002:
2000:Ralph Cudworth
1997:
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1978:Giordano Bruno
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1277:Philip of Opus
1274:
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997:On the Heavens
993:
983:
973:
970:(Eratosthenes)
963:
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950:
946:
945:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
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892:
887:
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875:Philip of Opus
872:
867:
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832:
827:
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478:D. L., iii.46.
471:
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382:
378:Authorship of
376:
350:
347:
317:Commentary on
87:Some say that
66:
63:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2153:Henri Bergson
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2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2086:Alonzo Church
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2071:Gottlob Frege
2069:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2047:Aleksei Losev
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2022:Thomas Taylor
2020:
2019:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1983:Blaise Pascal
1981:
1979:
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1966:
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1899:
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1871:Peter Abelard
1869:
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1782:Asclepiodotus
1780:
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1614:
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1607:
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1601:
1599:
1597:
1596:Neoplatonists
1593:
1587:
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1579:
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1569:
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1564:
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1559:
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1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
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1516:Justin Martyr
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
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1129:
1126:
1124:
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1119:
1118:Metonic cycle
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1103:Heliocentrism
1101:
1099:
1096:
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1091:
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1086:
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1083:Counter-Earth
1081:
1079:
1076:
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990:(Aristarchus)
988:
984:
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978:
974:
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964:
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947:
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831:
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768:
766:
763:
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748:
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738:
737:
735:
733:
729:
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713:
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689:
688:9781009322591
685:
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621:
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611:
604:
598:
589:
582:
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569:
563:
556:
550:
543:
537:
531:
525:
518:
512:
506:
502:
496:
489:
484:
475:
468:
462:
458:
449:
447:
441:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
418:
412:
410:
409:Werner Jaeger
406:
402:
398:
397:
392:
388:
381:
375:
371:
368:
364:
360:
356:
345:
343:
337:
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328:
323:
321:
320:
314:
309:
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297:
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289:
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276:
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268:
263:
261:
257:
253:
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241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
203:
201:
200:
195:
189:
184:
182:
178:
177:Ludolf Küster
174:
170:
164:
162:
161:
154:
148:
146:
142:
136:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
104:
100:
98:
94:
90:
84:
81:
79:
78:
73:
62:
60:
56:
55:
50:
49:
44:
36:
32:
31:
25:
21:
2106:David Kaplan
2056:Contemporary
2037:Josiah Royce
1822:Olympiodorus
1737:Asclepigenia
1656:Chrysanthius
1276:
996:
986:
980:(Hipparchus)
976:
967:Catasterismi
966:
956:
874:
815:Eratosthenes
677:
670:
653:
648:
640:
635:
626:
615:
610:
602:
597:
588:
580:
575:
567:
562:
554:
549:
541:
536:
524:
516:
511:
500:
495:
487:
483:
474:
466:
461:
445:
443:
439:
433:
429:
425:
421:
416:
414:
405:A. E. Taylor
400:
394:
386:
384:
379:
372:
352:
341:
339:
332:
326:
325:
316:
311:
305:
299:
291:
286:
280:
278:
270:
265:
255:
205:
197:
191:
186:
180:
172:
168:
166:
157:
150:
144:
140:
138:
132:
106:
102:
96:
92:
88:
86:
82:
75:
68:
58:
52:
46:
27:
23:
19:
18:
2168:Leo Strauss
2145:Continental
2111:Saul Kripke
2076:G. E. Moore
2010:Anne Conway
1933:Renaissance
1896:Bonaventure
1445:Clitomachus
1282:Aristonymus
1098:Geocentrism
1010:Instruments
1000:(Aristotle)
805:Cleostratus
770:Aristarchus
750:Anaximander
732:Astronomers
603:Geographica
515:Vitruvius,
250:, Endæmon,
169:Philosophos
145:philosophos
59:On the Laws
2187:Categories
2081:Kurt Gödel
2005:Henry More
1807:Simplicius
1626:Iamblichus
1390:Arcesilaus
1350:Xenocrates
1330:Speusippus
1306:Heraclides
1232:Platonists
1173:Influenced
1152:Influences
1123:Octaeteris
1052:Triquetrum
940:Timocharis
925:Theodosius
885:Posidonius
845:Hipparchus
835:Heraclides
775:Aristyllus
760:Apollonius
755:Andronicus
440:And again:
391:Thrasyllus
260:Hipparchus
240:Democritus
232:Xenophanes
224:Pythagoras
216:Anaxagoras
135:of Opus...
117:Xenocrates
109:Speusippus
1993:Cambridge
1861:Al-Farabi
1802:Damascius
1792:Zenodotus
1742:Hierocles
1711:Macrobius
1706:Augustine
1691:Antoninus
1641:Sosipatra
1586:Calcidius
1496:Antiochus
1450:Charmadas
1430:Carneades
1414:Hegesinus
1267:Aristotle
1247:Academics
1027:Astrolabe
960:(Ptolemy)
880:Philolaus
870:Oenopides
855:Hypsicles
800:Cleomedes
795:Callippus
785:Autolycus
740:Aglaonice
519:, ix.6.3.
469:, iii.37.
365:) on the
327:Philippus
315:, in his
306:Philippus
281:Philippus
252:Callippus
220:Clazomenæ
194:Vitruvius
133:Philippus
125:Aristotle
121:Chalcedon
24:Philippus
2064:Analytic
1849:Medieval
1812:Priscian
1747:Syrianus
1716:Boethius
1671:Salutius
1651:Dexippus
1646:Aedesius
1621:Porphyry
1609:Students
1604:Plotinus
1566:Longinus
1541:Apuleius
1531:Alcinous
1511:Plutarch
1405:Telecles
1375:Skeptics
1287:Coriscus
1128:Solstice
1061:Concepts
957:Almagest
900:Seleucus
860:Menelaus
820:Euctemon
652:Jaeger,
639:Jaeger,
601:Strabo,
446:Epinomis
434:The Laws
430:Epinomis
422:Epinomis
417:The Laws
387:Epinomis
380:Epinomis
254:, Melo,
244:Abderite
236:Colophon
212:Milesian
153:Socrates
97:Epinomis
54:Epinomis
1950:Plethon
1886:Thierry
1881:Gilbert
1876:Bernard
1797:Agapius
1772:Isidore
1767:Marinus
1762:Proclus
1757:Aedesia
1752:Hermias
1725:Academy
1696:Hypatia
1631:Sopater
1616:Amelius
1546:Atticus
1526:Albinus
1409:Evander
1400:Lacydes
1360:Polemon
1355:Crantor
1272:Eudoxus
1239:Ancient
1032:Dioptra
895:Pytheas
890:Ptolemy
840:Hicetas
830:Geminus
825:Eudoxus
780:Attalus
745:Agrippa
654:Paideia
641:Paideia
555:Moralia
359:Eretria
313:Proclus
293:Moralia
248:Eudoxus
158:On the
139:In the
129:Stagira
99:is his.
1925:Modern
1866:Anselm
1787:Hegias
1666:Julian
1576:Origen
1465:Cicero
1383:Middle
1143:Zodiac
1093:Equant
1042:Gnomon
920:Thales
915:Strabo
765:Aratus
686:
656:, 242.
643:, 214.
363:Euboia
342:Philip
302:Euclid
256:Philip
228:Samian
208:Thales
113:Athens
89:Philip
20:Philip
1521:Gaius
1262:Plato
949:Works
865:Meton
810:Conon
488:Souda
453:Notes
396:Minos
290:, in
269:, in
181:Souda
173:Souda
141:Souda
77:Souda
35:Greek
1407:and
1308:and
1289:and
790:Bion
684:ISBN
401:Laws
242:the
226:the
210:the
93:Laws
48:Laws
30:Opus
22:(or
1423:New
1255:Old
424:or
234:of
218:of
127:of
119:of
111:of
28:of
2189::
399:,
389:.
258:,
238:,
230:,
222:,
214:,
131:,
123:,
115:,
37::
26:)
1224:e
1217:t
1210:v
716:e
709:t
702:v
361:(
57:(
33:(
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