43:
1978:
50:
1401:
1426:
1418:
1138:
Zorec, J.; et al. (July 2009), "Fundamental parameters of B supergiants from the BCD system. I. Calibration of the (λ_1, D) parameters into Teff",
432:
1398:
360:
794:
that has a circumstellar disk of gas around the star's equator, which may be causing it to vary in magnitude. It is 1100 times more luminous
1044:
Verdugo, E.; et al. (November 2005). "Do A-type
Supergiants have Magnetic Fields?". In Ignace, Richard; Gayley, Kenneth G. (eds.).
1193:
Royer, F.; et al. (October 2002), "Rotational velocities of A-type stars in the northern hemisphere. II. Measurement of v sin i",
1015:
Wielen, R.; et al. (1999), "Sixth
Catalogue of Fundamental Stars (FK6). Part I. Basic fundamental stars with direct solutions",
2033:
2028:
1046:
The Nature and
Evolution of Disks Around Hot Stars; Proceedings of a meeting held 7-9 July 2004 in Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
1383:
1498:
1321:
VizieR On-line Data
Catalog: IV/27A. Originally Published in: Institute of Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences (2002)
1430:
2013:
1352:
623:
1319:
Kostjuk, N. D. (2004). "VizieR Online Data
Catalog: HD-DM-GC-HR-HIP-Bayer-Flamsteed Cross Index (Kostjuk, 2002)".
2038:
1523:
627:
71:
383:
634:
for Gamma Ursae
Minoris on 21 August 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.
2043:
1518:
2023:
2018:
1507:
772:
655:
1693:
420:
1346:
1491:
17:
985:
2008:
1818:
1794:
1087:
736:
428:
133:
457:
1902:
1771:
1610:
1570:
984:
Samus, N. N.; Kazarovets, E. V.; Durlevich, O. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (2017).
768:
724:
564:
424:
416:
368:
1216:
1161:
1122:
868:
1864:
1590:
1328:
1258:
1212:
1157:
1118:
1053:
1024:
956:
913:
864:
529:
257:
170:
945:"The Relation between Rotational Velocities and Spectral Peculiarities among A-Type Stars"
8:
2003:
1981:
1585:
1565:
1484:
436:
1332:
1262:
1057:
1028:
960:
917:
1874:
1575:
1555:
1276:
1228:
1202:
1173:
1147:
880:
854:
728:
720:
660:
630:(WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name
611:
525:
278:
116:
1869:
1600:
1595:
1580:
1542:
1379:
1280:
676:
638:
607:
572:
67:
1232:
1177:
884:
771:
of the star's outer envelope is 8,280 K, giving it the typical white hue of an
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1266:
1220:
1165:
1079:
964:
921:
872:
795:
776:
752:
740:
732:
576:
533:
486:
335:
241:
1297:
1169:
1838:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1405:
1224:
876:
668:
664:
528:(Kochab), it forms the end of the dipper pan of the "Little Dipper", which is an
348:
189:
92:
1953:
815:
407:
249:
229:
217:
42:
1476:
1109:
Hauck, B.; Jaschek, C. (February 2000), "A-shell stars in the Geneva system",
845:
van
Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction",
1997:
517:
206:
165:
79:
1833:
799:
606:"the dim one of the two calves", that is Pherkad and Kochab (the full name
315:
1207:
760:
155:
144:
105:
1961:
1879:
1023:, Veröffentlichungen des Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg: 1,
791:
764:
744:
541:
521:
328:
264:
177:
84:
1043:
904:
Fernie, J. D. (May 1983), "New UBVRI photometry for 900 supergiants",
1856:
1828:
1823:
1802:
1784:
1779:
1458:
756:
537:
672:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1271:
1246:
969:
944:
926:
748:
1152:
859:
49:
1550:
1468:
784:
747:
that left the main sequence after exhausting its core supply of
1893:
1451:
983:
751:. Based on stellar evolutionary theory, Pherkad might become a
723:+3.05 and can be readily observed with the naked eye even in a
545:
451:
375:
308:
269:
1408:, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
1427:
Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
1014:
495:
1533:
659:, refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Ursae Minoris,
513:
233:
221:
549:
501:
1251:
1192:
986:"General Catalogue of Variable Stars: Version GCVS 5.1"
1137:
1052:. ASP Conference Series. Vol. 337. p. 324.
498:
492:
504:
1039:
1037:
489:
1050:The Nature and Evolution of Disks Around Hot Stars
759:similar to its neighbor Kochab, before becoming a
1378:, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005,
1995:
1034:
1506:
1952:
1133:
1131:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
594:Gamma Ursae Minoris bore the traditional name
1492:
1188:
1186:
702:
696:
686:
680:
648:
642:
415:Pherkad, Pherkad Major, Gamma Ursae Minoris,
110:+71° 50′ 02.4596″
1108:
1104:
1102:
1423:Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education
1128:
899:
897:
895:
893:
844:
827:
70:J2000.0
1499:
1485:
1292:
1290:
1183:
943:Abt, Helmut A.; Morrell, Nidia I. (1995).
942:
1855:
1270:
1206:
1151:
1099:
968:
925:
858:
743:of 'III' indicating this is an expanding
614:). Gamma Ursae Minoris was mostly called
532:forming the tail of the bear. Based upon
890:
1318:
1287:
1257:(283). San Francisco, California: 139.
1244:
1238:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1008:
949:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
906:Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
798:, and possesses a radius 15 times that
775:star. It is rotating rapidly, with the
213:
14:
1996:
1348:IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)
903:
1480:
1411:
938:
936:
805:
598:, which derived from the Arabic فرقد
591:. However this usage is rarely seen.
59:Location of γ Ursae Minoris (circled)
1339:
1312:
1064:
1017:Veröff. Astron. Rechen-Inst. Heidelb
731:of –2.84. Measurement of the star's
27:Star in the constellation Ursa Minor
1429:, December 21, 2004, archived from
977:
787:velocity along the star's equator.
225:
24:
933:
679:for Gamma Ursae Minoris itself is
25:
2055:
1077:
622:(11 Ursae Minoris). In 2016, the
540:mission, it is approximately 487
536:measurements obtained during the
1977:
1976:
1353:International Astronomical Union
624:International Astronomical Union
485:
48:
41:
1524:Ursa Minor in Chinese astronomy
1389:
1366:
1080:"Pherkad (Gamma Ursae Minoris)"
783:providing a lower limit on the
555:
2034:Henry Draper Catalogue objects
13:
1:
2029:Bright Star Catalogue objects
821:
777:projected rotational velocity
714:
1245:Rumrill, H. B. (June 1936).
693:the First Star of North Pole
610:is traditionally applied to
7:
1519:List of stars in Ursa Minor
1508:Constellation of Ursa Minor
1170:10.1051/0004-6361/200811147
703:
687:
649:
628:Working Group on Star Names
248:6.70 ± 0.11
10:
2060:
1225:10.1051/0004-6361:20020943
1195:Astronomy and Astrophysics
1140:Astronomy and Astrophysics
1111:Astronomy and Astrophysics
877:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357
847:Astronomy and Astrophysics
1974:
1948:
1901:
1892:
1870:8 Ursae Minoris b (Halla)
1851:
1811:
1793:
1770:
1692:
1609:
1541:
1532:
1514:
1465:
1456:
1448:
1247:"Star Name Pronunciation"
739:of A2 III, with the
697:
692:
681:
643:
444:
413:
406:
402:
302:
297:
293:
183:
176:
127:
64:
35:
1404:August 10, 2010, at the
790:This is classified as a
719:Gamma Ursae Minoris has
2014:Stars with proper names
1217:2002A&A...393..897R
1162:2009A&A...501..297Z
1123:2000A&A...354..157H
869:2007A&A...474..653V
618:to distinguish it from
279:Absolute magnitude
117:Apparent magnitude
2039:Durchmusterung objects
1399:香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表
1088:University of Illinois
737:stellar classification
1419:"The Colour of Stars"
769:effective temperature
755:before settling as a
419: Ursae Minoris,
810:Pherkad (spelled as
675:. Consequently, the
587:would be designated
2044:Northern pole stars
1333:2004yCat.4027....0K
1263:1936PASP...48..139R
1058:2005ASPC..337..324V
1029:1999VeARI..35....1W
961:1995ApJS...99..135A
918:1983ApJS...52....7F
585:Gamma Ursae Minoris
569:Gamma Ursae Minoris
466:Gamma Ursae Minoris
445:Database references
384:Rotational velocity
32:
1875:11 Ursae Minoris b
806:Pherkad in fiction
729:absolute magnitude
725:city-lit night sky
721:apparent magnitude
661:Beta Ursae Minoris
612:Zeta Ursae Minoris
602:"calf", short for
526:Beta Ursae Minoris
408:Other designations
228: +17.90
216: −17.73
166:Variable type
134:Spectral type
30:
2024:Hipparcos objects
2019:Flamsteed objects
1988:
1987:
1970:
1969:
1944:
1943:
1888:
1887:
1865:β Ursae Minoris b
1847:
1846:
1475:
1474:
1466:Succeeded by
1384:978-986-7332-25-7
1078:Kaler, James B.,
990:Astronomy Reports
608:Ahfa al Farkadain
604:aḫfa al farkadayn
573:Bayer designation
463:
462:
16:(Redirected from
2051:
1980:
1979:
1950:
1949:
1899:
1898:
1853:
1852:
1539:
1538:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1477:
1449:Preceded by
1446:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1415:
1409:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1374:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1305:
1294:
1285:
1284:
1274:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1210:
1208:astro-ph/0205255
1190:
1181:
1180:
1155:
1135:
1126:
1125:
1106:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1075:
1062:
1061:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1012:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
981:
975:
974:
972:
940:
931:
930:
929:
901:
888:
887:
862:
842:
782:
763:of roughly 0.85
753:Cepheid variable
741:luminosity class
706:
700:
699:
695:), representing
694:
690:
684:
683:
652:
646:
645:
583:, in which case
579:has been called
577:11 Ursae Minoris
571:) is the star's
524:. Together with
516:in the northern
511:
510:
507:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
227:
215:
128:Characteristics
120:
100:
95:
65:Observation data
52:
45:
33:
31:γ Ursae Minoris
29:
21:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2048:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1966:
1954:Galaxy clusters
1940:
1884:
1843:
1807:
1789:
1766:
1688:
1605:
1528:
1510:
1505:
1471:
1462:
1454:
1444:
1436:
1434:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1406:Wayback Machine
1395:
1394:
1390:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1345:
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1340:
1317:
1313:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1243:
1239:
1191:
1184:
1136:
1129:
1107:
1100:
1092:
1090:
1076:
1065:
1042:
1035:
1013:
1009:
999:
997:
982:
978:
941:
934:
902:
891:
843:
828:
824:
808:
780:
717:
669:4 Ursae Minoris
665:5 Ursae Minoris
581:γ Ursae Minoris
561:γ Ursae Minoris
558:
488:
484:
470:γ Ursae Minoris
440:
390: sin
349:Surface gravity
341:
338:
321:
318:
284:
267:
224:
195:
190:Radial velocity
115:
98:
93:Right ascension
91:
66:
60:
58:
57:
56:
55:
54:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2057:
2047:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1986:
1985:
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1972:
1971:
1968:
1967:
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1945:
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1896:
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1889:
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1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1839:WISE 1506+7027
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1806:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
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1776:
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1768:
1767:
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1698:
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1489:
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1473:
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1467:
1464:
1455:
1450:
1443:
1442:
1410:
1388:
1365:
1338:
1311:
1298:"Naming Stars"
1286:
1272:10.1086/124681
1237:
1201:(3): 897–911,
1182:
1146:(1): 297–320,
1127:
1098:
1063:
1033:
1007:
976:
970:10.1086/192182
932:
927:10.1086/190856
889:
853:(2): 653–664,
825:
823:
820:
816:Cthulhu Mythos
814:) features in
807:
804:
735:resulted in a
716:
713:
575:. The fainter
557:
554:
480:), also named
472:, abbreviated
461:
460:
455:
447:
446:
442:
441:
431: 137422,
414:
411:
410:
404:
403:
400:
399:
396:
379:
378:
372:
364:
363:
357:
344:
343:
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316:
312:
304:
303:
300:
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294:
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287:
282:
274:
273:
268:(149 ± 2
261:
253:
252:
246:
237:
236:
211:
202:
201:
200:−3.9 km/s
198:
193:
185:
184:
181:
180:
174:
173:
168:
162:
161:
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151:
150:
147:
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99:15 20 43.71604
96:
88:
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82:
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75:
62:
61:
47:
46:
40:
39:
38:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2056:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2009:Bayer objects
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1992:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1934:
1932:
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1927:
1924:
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1572:
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1525:
1522:
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1517:
1516:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1470:
1463:1900–500 BCE
1461:
1460:
1453:
1447:
1433:on 2012-03-18
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1392:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1369:
1354:
1350:
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1342:
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1322:
1315:
1299:
1293:
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1282:
1278:
1273:
1268:
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1248:
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1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1209:
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1200:
1196:
1189:
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1167:
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1159:
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1145:
1141:
1134:
1132:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1040:
1038:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1011:
995:
991:
987:
980:
971:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
939:
937:
928:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
900:
898:
896:
894:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
861:
856:
852:
848:
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
826:
819:
817:
813:
803:
801:
797:
793:
788:
786:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
712:
710:
705:
689:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
657:
651:
640:
635:
633:
629:
625:
621:
620:Pherkad Minor
617:
616:Pherkad Major
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
518:constellation
515:
509:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
459:
456:
454:
453:
449:
448:
443:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
412:
409:
405:
401:
398:180 km/s
397:
395:
393:
389:
385:
381:
380:
377:
373:
371:
370:
366:
365:
362:
358:
356:
354:
350:
346:
345:
342:
333:
331:
330:
326:
325:
322:
313:
311:
310:
306:
305:
301:
296:
292:
288:
286:
280:
276:
275:
271:
266:
263:487 ± 8
262:
260:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
245:
243:
239:
238:
235:
231:
223:
219:
212:
210:
208:
207:Proper motion
204:
203:
199:
197:
191:
187:
186:
182:
179:
175:
172:
169:
167:
164:
163:
159:
157:
153:
152:
148:
146:
142:
141:
137:
135:
132:
131:
126:
122:
118:
114:
113:
109:
107:
104:
103:
97:
94:
90:
89:
86:
83:
81:
80:Constellation
78:
77:
73:
69:
63:
51:
44:
34:
19:
1990:
1560:
1457:
1435:, retrieved
1431:the original
1422:
1413:
1396:(in Chinese)
1391:
1375:
1373:(in Chinese)
1368:
1356:, retrieved
1347:
1341:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1302:. Retrieved
1254:
1250:
1240:
1198:
1194:
1143:
1139:
1114:
1110:
1091:, retrieved
1083:
1049:
1045:
1020:
1016:
1010:
1000:14 September
998:. Retrieved
993:
989:
979:
952:
948:
909:
905:
850:
846:
811:
809:
796:than the Sun
789:
765:solar masses
727:. It has an
718:
709:Crown Prince
708:
677:Chinese name
654:
636:
631:
626:organized a
619:
615:
603:
599:
595:
593:
588:
584:
580:
568:
560:
559:
556:Nomenclature
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
464:
450:
439: 75097
435: 8220,
423: 5735,
391:
387:
382:
367:
352:
347:
327:
307:
277:
256:
240:
205:
188:
138:A2 III
1834:WD 1337+705
1561:γ (Pherkad)
1551:α (Polaris)
1117:: 157–162,
761:white dwarf
707:), meaning
691:, English:
653:), meaning
548:) from the
542:light-years
374:8,280
369:Temperature
334:1,100
156:color index
145:color index
106:Declination
2004:Ursa Minor
1998:Categories
1962:Abell 2256
1880:TOI-4138 b
1857:Exoplanets
1639:8 (Baekdu)
1566:δ (Yildun)
1556:β (Kochab)
1437:2012-01-16
1093:2007-10-05
996:(1): 80–88
822:References
800:of the Sun
792:shell star
745:giant star
715:Properties
656:North Pole
522:Ursa Minor
359:2.53
351:(log
329:Luminosity
178:Astrometry
85:Ursa Minor
1829:LP 40-365
1611:Flamsteed
1459:Pole Star
1300:. IAU.org
1281:120743052
1153:0903.5134
860:0708.1752
785:azimuthal
757:red giant
688:Běi Jí yī
565:Latinised
538:Hipparcos
474:Gamma UMi
427:+72°679,
119: (V)
1982:Category
1894:Galaxies
1824:H1504+65
1694:Variable
1402:Archived
1233:14070763
1178:14969137
912:: 7–22,
885:18759600
812:Pherkard
781:180 km s
749:hydrogen
733:spectrum
534:parallax
530:asterism
340:☉
320:☉
314:15
281: (M
258:Distance
242:Parallax
74:J2000.0
1819:Calvera
1469:Polaris
1329:Bibcode
1304:4 March
1259:Bibcode
1213:Bibcode
1158:Bibcode
1119:Bibcode
1054:Bibcode
1025:Bibcode
957:Bibcode
955:: 135.
914:Bibcode
865:Bibcode
639:Chinese
632:Pherkad
596:Pherkad
546:parsecs
512:, is a
482:Pherkad
298:Details
72:Equinox
18:Pherkad
1803:150706
1654:11 (γ)
1452:Thuban
1382:
1376:中國星座神話
1358:22 May
1279:
1231:
1176:
883:
773:A-type
767:. The
673:Σ 1694
650:Běi Jí
600:farqad
452:SIMBAD
309:Radius
160:+0.09
149:+0.08
123:+3.05
1812:Other
1543:Bayer
1534:Stars
1277:S2CID
1229:S2CID
1203:arXiv
1174:S2CID
1148:arXiv
1084:Stars
881:S2CID
855:arXiv
704:Tàizǐ
544:(149
478:γ UMi
289:–2.84
226:Dec.:
171:δ Sct
68:Epoch
1991:] ]
1936:6331
1931:6251
1926:6217
1921:5939
1916:5144
1911:5034
1785:5596
1780:5184
1380:ISBN
1360:2016
1325:4027
1306:2018
1002:2024
671:and
514:star
458:data
154:B−V
143:U−B
1903:NGC
1267:doi
1221:doi
1199:393
1166:doi
1144:501
1115:354
965:doi
922:doi
873:doi
851:474
779:of
682:北極一
637:In
567:to
550:Sun
520:of
496:ɜːr
437:HIP
433:SAO
361:cgs
250:mas
244:(π)
230:mas
218:mas
214:RA:
209:(μ)
2000::
1795:HD
1772:HR
1762:VX
1757:UY
1752:SS
1747:RW
1742:RU
1737:RR
1684:24
1679:20
1674:19
1669:17
1664:14
1659:12
1649:10
1425:,
1421:,
1351:,
1327:.
1323:.
1289:^
1275:.
1265:.
1255:48
1253:.
1249:.
1227:,
1219:,
1211:,
1197:,
1185:^
1172:,
1164:,
1156:,
1142:,
1130:^
1113:,
1101:^
1086:,
1082:,
1066:^
1048:.
1036:^
1021:35
1019:,
994:61
992:.
988:.
963:.
953:99
951:.
947:.
935:^
920:,
910:52
908:,
892:^
879:,
871:,
863:,
849:,
829:^
818:.
802:.
711:.
698:太子
667:,
663:,
644:北極
641:,
552:.
476:,
429:HD
425:BD
421:HR
417:13
270:pc
265:ly
234:yr
222:yr
192:(R
1732:Z
1727:W
1722:V
1717:U
1712:T
1707:S
1702:R
1644:9
1634:6
1629:5
1624:4
1619:3
1601:π
1596:π
1591:λ
1586:θ
1581:η
1576:ζ
1571:ε
1500:e
1493:t
1486:v
1386:.
1362:.
1335:.
1331::
1308:.
1283:.
1269::
1261::
1223::
1215::
1205::
1168::
1160::
1150::
1121::
1060:.
1056::
1027::
1004:.
973:.
967::
959::
924::
916::
875::
867::
857::
701:(
685:(
647:(
589:γ
563:(
508:/
505:d
502:æ
499:k
493:f
490:ˈ
487:/
468:(
394:)
392:i
388:v
386:(
376:K
355:)
353:g
337:L
317:R
285:)
283:V
272:)
232:/
220:/
196:)
194:v
20:)
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