3563:
3575:
517:
1312:
38:
3587:
1006:
1065:
1845:
3539:
3515:
3551:
3527:
1801:
1307:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}\mathrm {SD} &={\frac {\mathrm {ES} }{\tan 1''}}\\&={\frac {\mathrm {ES} }{\tan \left({\frac {1}{60\times 60}}\times {\frac {\pi }{180}}\right)}}\\&\approx {\frac {1\,\mathrm {au} }{{\frac {1}{60\times 60}}\times {\frac {\pi }{180}}}}={\frac {648\,000}{\pi }}\,\mathrm {au} \approx 206\,264.81~\mathrm {au} .\end{aligned}}}
878:
2232:
To determine the number of stars in the Milky Way, volumes in cubic kiloparsecs (kpc) are selected in various directions. All the stars in these volumes are counted and the total number of stars statistically determined. The number of globular clusters, dust clouds, and interstellar gas is determined
500:
is to record the difference in angle between two measurements of the position of the star in the sky. The first measurement is taken from the Earth on one side of the Sun, and the second is taken approximately half a year later, when the Earth is on the opposite side of the Sun. The distance between
536:
of the Earth's orbit. Substituting the star's parallax for the one arcsecond angle in the imaginary right triangle, the long leg of the triangle will measure the distance from the Sun to the star. A parsec can be defined as the length of the right triangle side adjacent to the vertex occupied by a
2248:, volumes of cubic gigaparsecs (Gpc) are selected to determine the distribution of matter in the visible universe and to determine the number of galaxies and quasars. The Sun is currently the only star in its cubic parsec, (pc) but in globular clusters the stellar density could be from
501:
the two positions of the Earth when the two measurements were taken is twice the distance between the Earth and the Sun. The difference in angle between the two measurements is twice the parallax angle, which is formed by lines from the Sun and Earth to the star at the distant
991:
1531:
1665:
distant. This is because the Earth's atmosphere limits the sharpness of a star's image. Space-based telescopes are not limited by this effect and can accurately measure distances to objects beyond the limit of ground-based observations. Between 1989 and 1993, the
745:
2374:
Terrestrial observations of a star's position should be taken when the Earth is at the furthest points in its orbit from a line between the Sun and the star, in order to form a right angle at the Sun and a full au of separation as viewed from the
686:
888:
2287:"made the Kessel Run in less than 12 parsecs", originally with the intention of presenting Solo as "something of a bull artist who didn't always know precisely what he was talking about". The claim was repeated in
1470:
544:
of the parallax angle in arcseconds (i.e.: if the parallax angle is 1 arcsecond, the object is 1 pc from the Sun; if the parallax angle is 0.5 arcseconds, the object is 2 pc away; etc.). No
1621:. As the astronomical unit was defined by the IAU (2012) as an exact length in metres, so now the parsec corresponds to an exact length in metres. To the nearest meter, the small-angle parsec corresponds to
736:
505:. Then the distance to the star could be calculated using trigonometry. The first successful published direct measurements of an object at interstellar distances were undertaken by German astronomer
1070:
2237:, volumes in cubic megaparsecs (Mpc) are selected. All the galaxies in these volumes are classified and tallied. The total number of galaxies can then be determined statistically. The huge
2309:
traveled a shorter distance (as opposed to a quicker time) due to a more dangerous route through the Kessel Run, enabled by its speed and maneuverability. It is also used incorrectly in
3064:
Mei, S.; Blakeslee, J. P.; Côté, P.; et al. (2007). "The ACS Virgo
Cluster Survey. XIII. SBF Distance Catalog and the Three-dimensional Structure of the Virgo Cluster".
437: metres (based on the IAU 2012 definition of the astronomical unit). This corresponds to the small-angle definition of the parsec found in many astronomical references.
2868:
The XXVIII General
Assembly of the International Astronomical Union recommends that the astronomical unit be redefined to be a conventional unit of length equal to exactly
873:{\displaystyle \pi ~\mathrm {pc} =180\times 60\times 60~\mathrm {au} =180\times 60\times 60\times 149\,597\,870\,700~\mathrm {m} =96\,939\,420\,213\,600\,000~\mathrm {m} }
3118:
3347:
2929:
2727:
623:
1913:. A distance of 1,000 parsecs (3,262 ly) is denoted by the kiloparsec (kpc). Astronomers typically use kiloparsecs to express distances between parts of a
347:
in 1913 to simplify astronomers' calculations of astronomical distances from only raw observational data. Partly for this reason, it is the unit preferred in
2599:
2005:
in megaparsecs (Mpc). A megaparsec is one million parsecs, or about 3,260,000 light years. Sometimes, galactic distances are given in units of Mpc/
540:
The use of the parsec as a unit of distance follows naturally from Bessel's method, because the distance in parsecs can be computed simply as the
3340:
3038:
2334:
3612:
3333:
3168:
Kirshner, R. P.; Oemler, A. Jr.; Schechter, P. L.; Shectman, S. A. (1981). "A million cubic megaparsec void in Bootes".
1450:
A corollary states that a parsec is also the distance from which a disc that is one au in diameter must be viewed for it to have an
3211:
3281:
2209:
2205:
1609:
astronomical units) corresponds exactly to that derived using the small-angle calculation. This differs from the classic inverse-
1465:
Mathematically, to calculate distance, given obtained angular measurements from instruments in arcseconds, the formula would be:
986:{\displaystyle 1~\mathrm {pc} ={\frac {96\,939\,420\,213\,600\,000}{\pi }}~\mathrm {m} =30\,856\,775\,814\,913\,673~\mathrm {m} }
693:
1971:
is more than 8 kiloparsecs (26,000 ly) from the Earth and the Milky Way is roughly 34 kiloparsecs (110,000 ly) across.
3146:
1928:, the nearest known star to Earth other than the Sun, is about 1.3 parsecs (4.24 ly) away by direct parallax measurement.
2711:
2146:
51:
3255:
1526:{\displaystyle {\text{Distance}}_{\text{star}}={\frac {{\text{Distance}}_{\text{earth-sun}}}{\tan {\frac {\theta }{3600}}}}}
2150:
2911:
The XXIX General
Assembly of the International Astronomical Union notes that the parsec is defined as exactly (648 000/
2678:
1892:
2527:"Astrometric Stability and Precision of Fine Guidance Sensor #3: The Parallax and Proper Motion of Proxima Centauri"
1874:
3012:
2906:
2863:
1741:
Distances expressed in fractions of a parsec usually involve objects within a single star system. So, for example:
549:
are required in this relationship because the very small angles involved mean that the approximate solution of the
387:
3562:
3617:
1870:
65:
2263:) is stated in terms of cubic megaparsecs (Mpc) and is essentially the value of the effective distance cubed.
2138:
2565:
2526:
2025:
161:
126:
3487:
3371:
2289:
2118:
187:
2944:
2743:
1725:
3505:
532:
as Earth orbits the Sun. Equivalently, it is the subtended angle, from that star's perspective, of the
2649:, which may be taken as an abbreviated form of "a distance corresponding to a parallax of one second".
1905:
Distances expressed in parsecs (pc) include distances between nearby stars, such as those in the same
328:
are within a few hundred parsecs of the Sun, with the most distant at a few thousand parsecs, and the
2773:
1708:, which launched on 19 December 2013, is intended to measure one billion stellar distances to within
1551:
10 ly). The calculated stellar distance will be in the same measurement unit as used in
Distance
2896:"RESOLUTION B2 on recommended zero points for the absolute and apparent bolometric magnitude scales"
2731:
390:(IAU) passed Resolution B2 which, as part of the definition of a standardized absolute and apparent
3627:
3607:
3318:
2764:
1978:
1855:
506:
3042:
2299:
2191:
1866:
1859:
1813:
1056:
is a point in space at a distance of one parsec from the Sun. Through trigonometry, the distance
502:
20:
3482:
2504:
1805:
1650:
546:
541:
254:
3230:
2726:
2998:
2994:
2359:
1673:
567:
expressed his concern for the need of a name for that unit of distance. He proposed the name
3289:
2895:
2852:
681:{\displaystyle {\frac {1{\text{ pc}}}{1{\text{ au}}}}={\frac {180\times 60\times 60}{\pi }}}
3177:
3130:
3083:
2823:
2782:
2699:
2666:
2608:
2260:
391:
2914:
493:. The distance from Earth whereupon the radius of its solar orbit subtends one arcsecond.
8:
3492:
3384:
2642:
2220:
2142:
2114:
582:
344:
238:
43:
3181:
3134:
3087:
2980:
2827:
2786:
2703:
2670:
2612:
1005:
3579:
3555:
3543:
3099:
3073:
2590:
2245:
1618:
564:
363:
texts and common usage. Although parsecs are used for the shorter distances within the
3142:
2958:
3622:
3574:
3429:
3193:
2707:
2674:
2321:
2305:
2283:
1809:
456:
367:, multiples of parsecs are required for the larger scales in the universe, including
308:: from that distance, the gap between the Earth and the Sun spans slightly less than
250:
204:
3325:
3103:
3519:
3185:
3138:
3091:
2831:
2790:
2616:
2339:
2216:
2169:
1985:
1925:
1910:
1451:
561:
529:
525:
446:
329:
301:
1745:
One astronomical unit (au), the distance from the Sun to the Earth, is just under
2311:
2202:
2154:
2037:
1964:
1713:
550:
360:
325:
273:
3306:
2555:
3591:
3567:
3356:
2814:
2627:
Taking the unit of distance R* to be that corresponding to a parallax of 1″·0
2176:
2089:
2002:
1989:
1690:
1049:
533:
452:
297:
234:
157:
2836:
2809:
2595:"The distribution in space of the stars in Carrington's Circumpolar Catalogue"
2238:
2001:
Astronomers typically express the distances between neighbouring galaxies and
613:) ≈ 206,264.8 au by definition. Converting from degree/minute/second units to
3601:
3197:
2794:
2630:
2621:
2594:
2402:
2180:
2121:
commonly used. One gigaparsec is about 3.26 billion ly, or roughly
1721:
572:
496:
One of the oldest methods used by astronomers to calculate the distance to a
122:
371:
parsecs (kpc) for the more distant objects within and around the Milky Way,
3531:
3410:
3404:
2234:
1932:
1918:
1702:
490:
352:
269:
242:
1694:, and obtained accurate measurements for stellar distances of stars up to
394:
scale, mentioned an existing explicit definition of the parsec as exactly
37:
3314:
3078:
1757:
340:
2637:, but if the violence to the Greek language can be overlooked, the word
509:
in 1838, who used this approach to calculate the 3.5-parsec distance of
3465:
3459:
3453:
3441:
2853:"RESOLUTION B2 on the re-definition of the astronomical unit of length"
2277:
2212:
in the universe, is about 3 Gpc (9.8 billion ly) across.
2187:
1992:) is about 780 kpc (2.5 million ly) away from the Earth.
1974:
1906:
1827:
1817:
1786:
1684:
1420:
577:
356:
246:
216:
147:
3586:
2255:
The observational volume of gravitational wave interferometers (e.g.,
1020:
the Earth at one point in its orbit (such as to form a right angle at
3435:
3423:
3360:
3039:"Galaxy structures: the large scale structure of the nearby universe"
2195:
1968:
1956:
1762:
1668:
1654:
1391:
472:
468:
364:
348:
343:
of "parallax of one second" and was coined by the
British astronomer
277:
257:
2771:[Determination of the distance of the 61st star of Cygnus].
2768:
2198:'s, is about 200 Mpc (650 million ly) from the Earth.
1844:
1830:) long (the jet is somewhat foreshortened from Earth's perspective).
3189:
3095:
2560:
2272:
2068:
2067:. The Hubble constant becomes relevant when converting an observed
1935:
1820:
1794:
510:
265:
82:
47:
3212:"'Solo' Corrected One of the Most Infamous 'Star Wars' Plot Holes"
2183:, is about 16.5 Mpc (54 million ly) from the Earth.
2172:
is about 0.78 Mpc (2.5 million ly) from the Earth.
2149:). Astronomers typically use gigaparsecs to express the sizes of
1610:
614:
2893:
2850:
3256:"In "A Wrinkle in Time," what is Mr. Murry's nickname for Meg?"
3167:
2882:, in agreement with the value adopted in IAU 2009 Resolution B2
2634:
2294:
2158:
1914:
489:
leg. The value of a parsec can be derived through the rules of
380:
78:
3231:"'Star Wars' Gets the Parsec Wrong Again in 'The Mandalorian'"
2223:) has a radius of about 14 Gpc (46 billion ly).
1981:, has a diameter of 540.9 kpc (1.8 million ly).
2325:, "Megaparsec" is Mr. Murry's nickname for his daughter Meg.
2233:
in a similar fashion. To determine the number of galaxies in
2157:; the distances between galaxy clusters; and the distance to
1329:
994:
516:
460:
376:
372:
368:
141:
2271:
The parsec was used incorrectly as a measurement of time by
1649:
The parallax method is the fundamental calibration step for
560:
was first mentioned in an astronomical publication in 1913.
2739:
2698:(2nd ed.). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
2256:
1409:
731:{\displaystyle 1{\text{ au}}=149\,597\,870\,700{\text{ m}}}
497:
261:
176:
3526:
2629:* There is need for a name for this unit of distance. Mr.
1800:
3117:
Lineweaver, Charles H.; Davis, Tamara M. (1 March 2005).
2807:
2769:"Bestimmung der Entfernung des 61sten Sterns des Schwans"
2362:, ie. 10 (one million million, or billion in long scale).
1712:
s, producing errors of 10% in measurements as far as the
1583:
485:
of a degree), the parsec is defined as the length of the
464:
305:
2894:
2851:
2728:
3503:
3355:
2917:
1473:
1068:
891:
748:
696:
626:
3288:. University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Archived from
2931:) au per the AU definition in IAU 2012 Resolution B2
592:
1657:measurements of parallax angle is limited to about
3161:
2923:
1525:
1306:
985:
872:
730:
680:
304:, is about 1.3 parsecs (4.2 light-years) from the
2600:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
1826:and is thought to be 1.5 kiloparsecs (4,892
524:The parallax of a star is defined as half of the
455:in space, where the shorter leg measures one au (
3599:
3063:
2665:(4th ed.). New York: AIP Press / Springer.
3116:
2036:reflecting the uncertainty in the value of the
1736:
1316:Because the astronomical unit is defined to be
272:, and is defined as the distance at which 1 AU
2693:
1996:
556:Though it may have been used before, the term
3341:
3286:Astronomy 162: Stars, Galaxies, and Cosmology
1539:is the measured angle in arcseconds, Distance
1454:of one arcsecond (by placing the observer at
471:of the vertex opposite that leg measures one
375:parsecs (Mpc) for mid-distance galaxies, and
264:). The parsec unit is obtained by the use of
537:star whose parallax angle is one arcsecond.
528:that a star appears to move relative to the
520:Stellar parallax motion from annual parallax
42:A parsec is the distance from the Sun to an
2720:
2534:Proceedings of the HST Calibration Workshop
2043:for the rate of expansion of the universe:
1873:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3348:
3334:
2153:such as the size of, and distance to, the
1834:
36:
3077:
2835:
2738:. Astrophysics Science Division (ASD) at
2620:
1893:Learn how and when to remove this message
1282:
1267:
1257:
1203:
1028:is one astronomical unit (au). The angle
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
824:
820:
816:
719:
715:
711:
440:
2959:"The Hipparcos Space Astrometry Mission"
2505:"Cosmic Distance Scales – The Milky Way"
1799:
1653:; however, the accuracy of ground-based
1644:
738:(exact by the 2012 definition of the au)
515:
2694:Binney, James; Tremaine, Scott (2008).
2585:
2583:
2370:
2368:
2352:
1731:
589:. It was Turner's proposal that stuck.
237:used to measure the large distances to
3600:
3304:
2763:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
1651:distance determination in astrophysics
1338:
605:at the center of the circle of radius
3329:
2589:
2266:
2147:cosmic microwave background radiation
1774:from Earth as of February 2024.
1676:(ESA), measured parallaxes for about
1567:is in astronomical units; if Distance
1012:In the diagram above (not to scale),
3228:
2808:B. Luque; F. J. Ballesteros (2019).
2580:
2524:
2365:
2281:film, when he claimed his ship, the
1871:adding citations to reliable sources
1838:
3119:"Misconceptions about the Big Bang"
3013:"Why is a parsec 3.26 light-years?"
2660:
2378:
2206:Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall
1333:, the following can be calculated:
601:of arc length subtends an angle of
13:
3279:
2525:Benedict, G. F.; et al.
2241:is measured in cubic megaparsecs.
1293:
1290:
1272:
1269:
1208:
1205:
1132:
1129:
1094:
1091:
1077:
1074:
979:
945:
902:
899:
866:
832:
788:
785:
759:
756:
14:
3639:
3613:Units of measurement in astronomy
3273:
3229:Choi, Charlse (5 November 2019).
3143:10.1038/scientificamerican0305-36
2978:
2942:
1789:is estimated to be approximately
1661:, and thus to stars no more than
1582:The length of the parsec used in
593:Calculating the value of a parsec
3585:
3573:
3561:
3549:
3537:
3525:
3513:
2907:International Astronomical Union
2864:International Astronomical Union
2663:Allen's Astrophysical Quantities
1843:
1004:
388:International Astronomical Union
16:Unit of length used in astronomy
3248:
3222:
3204:
3110:
3057:
3031:
3005:
2987:
2972:
2951:
2936:
2887:
2844:
2801:
2757:
2732:"Deriving the Parallax Formula"
2227:
880:(exact by the 2015 definition)
383:and the most distant galaxies.
3282:"Astronomical Distance Scales"
2981:"From Hipparchus to Hipparcos"
2810:"Title: To the Sun and beyond"
2687:
2654:
2548:
2518:
2497:
326:stars visible to the naked eye
245:, approximately equal to 3.26
1:
2566:University of Texas at Austin
2490:
2117:parsecs — one of the largest
2026:dimensionless Hubble constant
1575:10 ly, unit for Distance
3488:Orders of magnitude (length)
3372:Astronomical system of units
2736:NASA's Imagine the Universe!
2661:Cox, Arthur N., ed. (2000).
2641:might be adopted. Professor
1737:Distances less than a parsec
1617:, i.e.: only after the 11th
1586:2015 Resolution B2 (exactly
324:of one degree of view. Most
7:
2744:Goddard Space Flight Center
2328:
1997:Megaparsecs and gigaparsecs
1672:satellite, launched by the
609:. That is, 1 pc = 1 au/tan(
417: au, or approximately
10:
3644:
2013: Mpc", also written "
1060:is calculated as follows:
444:
18:
3475:
3380:
3367:
3170:The Astrophysical Journal
3066:The Astrophysical Journal
2837:10.1038/s41567-019-0685-3
2774:Astronomische Nachrichten
1921:. So, for example :
332:at over 700,000 parsecs.
183:
153:
118:
114:
96:
88:
74:
64:
59:
35:
30:
3319:University of Nottingham
2947:. Ohio State University.
2795:10.1002/asna.18390160502
2345:
2113:One gigaparsec (Gpc) is
1016:represents the Sun, and
597:By the 2015 definition,
507:Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel
2300:Solo: A Star Wars Story
2210:largest known structure
2192:supermassive black hole
2137:of the distance to the
1835:Parsecs and kiloparsecs
1814:active galactic nucleus
1782:to cover that distance.
547:trigonometric functions
451:Imagining an elongated
379:parsecs (Gpc) for many
21:Parsec (disambiguation)
3483:Cosmic distance ladder
2925:
2622:10.1093/mnras/73.5.334
2151:large-scale structures
1979:largest known galaxies
1831:
1806:Hubble Space Telescope
1710:20 microarcsecond
1527:
1308:
987:
874:
732:
682:
521:
441:History and derivation
146: ~31
3618:Concepts in astronomy
3305:Merrifield, Michael.
2999:European Space Agency
2926:
2358:One trillion here is
2219:(the boundary of the
2190:, observed to have a
1960:parallax measurement.
1803:
1674:European Space Agency
1645:Usage and measurement
1528:
1309:
1024:). Thus the distance
988:
875:
733:
683:
571:, but mentioned that
519:
359:remains prominent in
300:). The nearest star,
253:(AU), i.e. 30.9
2924:{\displaystyle \pi }
2915:
2194:core similar to the
2024:is a constant (the "
1931:The distance to the
1867:improve this section
1732:Distances in parsecs
1613:definition by about
1579:is in light-years).
1471:
1458:and a disc spanning
1339:Therefore, 1 parsec
1066:
889:
746:
694:
624:
392:bolometric magnitude
386:In August 2015, the
260:(19.2 trillion
239:astronomical objects
19:For other uses, see
3493:Conversion of units
3292:on 12 December 2012
3182:1981ApJ...248L..57K
3135:2005SciAm.292c..36L
3123:Scientific American
3088:2007ApJ...655..144M
2828:2019NatPh..15.1302L
2787:1838AN.....16...65B
2704:2008gady.book.....B
2671:2000asqu.book.....C
2613:1913MNRAS..73..334D
2221:observable universe
2143:observable universe
2061:100 (km/s)/Mpc
1804:As observed by the
1687:precision of about
1563:, unit for Distance
1356:astronomical units
1052:) so by definition
583:Herbert Hall Turner
345:Herbert Hall Turner
109:... is equal to ...
60:General information
44:astronomical object
2979:Turon, Catherine.
2921:
2765:Bessel, F. W.
2536:. pp. 380–384
2267:In popular culture
2246:physical cosmology
2175:The nearest large
2078:using the formula
1919:groups of galaxies
1832:
1812:erupting from the
1619:significant figure
1523:
1304:
1302:
1032:is one arcsecond (
983:
870:
728:
678:
565:Frank Watson Dyson
522:
467:distance) and the
251:astronomical units
209:
193:
188:astronomical units
185:
168:
155:
133:
120:
70:astronomical units
3501:
3500:
3430:Astronomical unit
3280:Guidry, Michael.
3149:on 10 August 2011
3019:. 1 February 2020
2713:978-0-691-13026-2
2696:Galactic Dynamics
2591:Dyson, F. W.
2483:
2482:
2322:A Wrinkle in Time
2306:Millennium Falcon
2303:, by stating the
2290:The Force Awakens
2284:Millennium Falcon
2145:(dictated by the
1903:
1902:
1895:
1810:astrophysical jet
1756:The most distant
1555:(e.g. if Distance
1521:
1518:
1500:
1495:
1483:
1478:
1415:
1414:
1288:
1265:
1246:
1243:
1230:
1185:
1177:
1164:
1114:
977:
943:
939:
897:
864:
830:
783:
754:
726:
703:
676:
649:
646:
636:
457:astronomical unit
223:
222:
97:Conversions
3635:
3590:
3589:
3578:
3577:
3566:
3565:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3530:
3529:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3509:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3262:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3226:
3220:
3219:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3145:. Archived from
3114:
3108:
3107:
3081:
3079:astro-ph/0702510
3061:
3055:
3054:
3052:
3050:
3041:. Archived from
3035:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3009:
3003:
3002:
2991:
2985:
2984:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2965:
2955:
2949:
2948:
2943:Pogge, Richard.
2940:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2900:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2857:
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2624:
2587:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2556:"Farthest Stars"
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2541:
2531:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2501:
2484:
2479:
2477:
2469:
2462:
2460:
2452:
2445:
2443:
2435:
2428:
2426:
2418:
2411:
2409:
2399:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2376:
2372:
2363:
2356:
2340:Distance measure
2251:
2250:100–1000 pc
2217:particle horizon
2208:, currently the
2170:Andromeda Galaxy
2136:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2109:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2074:into a distance
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2035:
2028:") in the range
2019:
1986:Andromeda Galaxy
1953:
1951:
1945:
1943:
1926:Proxima Centauri
1911:globular cluster
1898:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1878:
1847:
1839:
1825:
1792:
1781:
1773:
1771:
1752:
1750:
1719:
1711:
1697:
1693:
1682:
1681:
1664:
1660:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1616:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1574:
1562:
1550:
1546:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1511:
1502:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1452:angular diameter
1446:
1444:
1441:
1435:
1427:
1423:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1313:
1311:
1310:
1305:
1303:
1296:
1286:
1275:
1266:
1261:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1178:
1170:
1165:
1163:
1149:
1135:
1127:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1097:
1089:
1080:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1008:
993:(to the nearest
992:
990:
989:
984:
982:
975:
948:
941:
940:
935:
910:
905:
895:
879:
877:
876:
871:
869:
862:
835:
828:
791:
781:
762:
752:
737:
735:
734:
729:
727:
724:
704:
701:
687:
685:
684:
679:
677:
672:
655:
650:
648:
647:
644:
638:
637:
634:
628:
612:
608:
604:
600:
562:Astronomer Royal
553:can be applied.
530:celestial sphere
526:angular distance
484:
483:
479:
447:Stellar parallax
436:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
416:
414:
413:
412:
408:
405:
404:
403:
330:Andromeda Galaxy
323:
321:
320:
317:
314:
302:Proxima Centauri
295:
293:
292:
289:
286:
276:an angle of one
219:
214:
207:
202:
199:
194:
186:
179:
174:
169:
156:
144:
139:
134:
121:
40:
28:
27:
3643:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3628:1913 in science
3608:Units of length
3598:
3597:
3596:
3584:
3572:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3538:
3536:
3524:
3514:
3512:
3504:
3502:
3497:
3471:
3419:
3416:
3399:
3393:
3390:
3376:
3363:
3357:Units of length
3354:
3295:
3293:
3276:
3271:
3270:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3227:
3223:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3150:
3115:
3111:
3062:
3058:
3048:
3046:
3045:on 5 March 2007
3037:
3036:
3032:
3022:
3020:
3011:
3010:
3006:
2993:
2992:
2988:
2977:
2973:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2945:"Astronomy 162"
2941:
2937:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2898:
2892:
2888:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2855:
2849:
2845:
2806:
2802:
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2725:
2721:
2714:
2692:
2688:
2681:
2659:
2655:
2628:
2588:
2581:
2571:
2569:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2537:
2529:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2458:
2456:
2450:
2441:
2439:
2433:
2424:
2422:
2416:
2407:
2405:
2397:
2392:
2379:
2373:
2366:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2331:
2318:
2312:The Mandalorian
2293:, but this was
2269:
2249:
2230:
2203:galaxy filament
2155:CfA2 Great Wall
2131:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2119:units of length
2097:
2094:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2060:
2057:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2044:
2038:Hubble constant
2029:
2014:
2003:galaxy clusters
1999:
1949:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1899:
1888:
1882:
1879:
1864:
1848:
1837:
1823:
1790:
1779:
1769:
1767:
1748:
1746:
1739:
1734:
1717:
1714:Galactic Centre
1709:
1695:
1688:
1679:
1677:
1662:
1658:
1647:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1544:
1543:is a constant (
1542:
1510:
1503:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1489:
1480:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1418:
1408: trillion
1404:
1401:
1399:
1390: trillion
1386:
1383:
1381:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1301:
1300:
1289:
1268:
1253:
1251:
1235:
1219:
1214:
1213:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1188:
1187:
1169:
1153:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1105:
1098:
1090:
1088:
1081:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1000:Approximately,
978:
944:
911:
909:
898:
890:
887:
886:
865:
831:
784:
755:
747:
744:
743:
723:
700:
695:
692:
691:
656:
654:
643:
639:
633:
629:
627:
625:
622:
621:
610:
606:
602:
598:
595:
551:skinny triangle
481:
477:
476:
469:subtended angle
449:
443:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
418:
410:
409:
406:
401:
399:
398:
397:
395:
361:popular science
318:
315:
312:
311:
309:
290:
287:
284:
283:
281:
212:
210:
208:
200:
197:
195:
192:
184:
172:
170:
167:
154:
145:
137:
135:
132:
119:
55:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3641:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3595:
3594:
3582:
3570:
3558:
3546:
3534:
3522:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3388:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3375:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3353:
3352:
3345:
3338:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3302:
3275:
3274:External links
3272:
3269:
3268:
3247:
3221:
3218:. 30 May 2018.
3203:
3190:10.1086/183623
3160:
3109:
3096:10.1086/509598
3072:(1): 144–162.
3056:
3030:
3004:
2986:
2971:
2950:
2935:
2920:
2886:
2843:
2815:Nature Physics
2800:
2756:
2719:
2712:
2686:
2680:978-0387987460
2679:
2653:
2633:has suggested
2593:(March 1913).
2579:
2547:
2517:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2485:
2481:
2480:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2400:
2377:
2364:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2268:
2265:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2213:
2199:
2184:
2177:galaxy cluster
2173:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1982:
1972:
1961:
1954:) from us per
1929:
1901:
1900:
1851:
1849:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1798:
1797:
1783:
1754:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1683:stars with an
1646:
1643:
1576:
1568:
1564:
1556:
1552:
1540:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1506:
1488:
1448:
1447:
1417:Therefore, if
1413:
1412:
1395:
1394:
1377:
1376:
1358:
1357:
1340:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1250:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1010:
1009:
981:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
951:
947:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
908:
904:
901:
894:
868:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
838:
834:
827:
823:
819:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
790:
787:
780:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
761:
758:
751:
740:
739:
722:
718:
714:
710:
707:
699:
689:
675:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
653:
642:
632:
594:
591:
575:had suggested
534:semimajor axis
459:, the average
453:right triangle
442:
439:
235:unit of length
221:
220:
190:
181:
180:
165:
151:
150:
130:
116:
115:
112:
111:
106:
99:
98:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
76:
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
57:
56:
54:(not to scale)
41:
33:
32:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3640:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3603:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3557:
3547:
3545:
3535:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:
3511:
3510:
3507:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3467:
3464:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3412:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3400:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3351:
3346:
3344:
3339:
3337:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3311:Sixty Symbols
3308:
3303:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3278:
3277:
3257:
3251:
3236:
3232:
3225:
3217:
3213:
3207:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3164:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3044:
3040:
3034:
3018:
3017:Astronomy.com
3014:
3008:
3000:
2996:
2990:
2982:
2975:
2960:
2954:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2918:
2908:
2904:
2903:RESOLUTION B2
2897:
2890:
2883:
2865:
2861:
2860:RESOLUTION B2
2854:
2847:
2838:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2804:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2766:
2760:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2723:
2715:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2623:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2584:
2568:. 15 May 2021
2567:
2563:
2562:
2557:
2551:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2471:
2466:
2465:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2437:
2432:
2431:
2420:
2415:
2414:
2404:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2371:
2369:
2361:
2355:
2351:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2275:in the first
2274:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2235:superclusters
2222:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2181:Virgo Cluster
2178:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2164:For example:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2091:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2055:
2047:
2042:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1980:
1977:, one of the
1976:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1897:
1894:
1886:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1852:This section
1850:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1788:
1784:
1780:46 years
1777:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1722:constellation
1715:
1707:
1705:
1699:
1692:
1686:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1656:
1652:
1642:
1620:
1612:
1585:
1580:
1538:
1533:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1486:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1411:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1379:
1378:
1360:
1359:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1331:
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1297:
1283:
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1258:
1254:
1248:
1240:
1237:
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1226:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1200:
1194:
1192:
1180:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1123:
1121:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1085:
1083:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1007:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
996:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
949:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
906:
892:
884:
881:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
836:
825:
821:
817:
813:
810:
807:
804:
801:
798:
795:
792:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
763:
749:
720:
716:
712:
708:
705:
697:
690:
673:
669:
666:
663:
660:
657:
651:
640:
630:
620:
619:
618:
616:
590:
588:
585:had proposed
584:
580:
579:
574:
573:Carl Charlier
570:
566:
563:
559:
554:
552:
548:
543:
538:
535:
531:
527:
518:
514:
512:
511:61 Cygni
508:
504:
499:
494:
492:
488:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
448:
438:
393:
389:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
355:, though the
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
333:
331:
327:
307:
303:
299:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
218:
206:
191:
189:
182:
178:
166:
163:
159:
152:
149:
143:
131:
128:
124:
117:
113:
110:
107:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
69:
67:
63:
58:
53:
50:angle of one
49:
45:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
3447:
3411:Solar radius
3405:Light-second
3395:
3385:Earth radius
3310:
3294:. Retrieved
3290:the original
3285:
3259:. Retrieved
3250:
3238:. Retrieved
3234:
3224:
3215:
3206:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3151:. Retrieved
3147:the original
3129:(3): 36–45.
3126:
3122:
3112:
3069:
3065:
3059:
3047:. Retrieved
3043:the original
3033:
3021:. Retrieved
3016:
3007:
2989:
2974:
2962:. Retrieved
2953:
2938:
2910:
2905:, Honolulu:
2902:
2889:
2867:
2859:
2846:
2822:(12): 1302.
2819:
2813:
2803:
2781:(5): 65–96.
2778:
2772:
2759:
2747:. Retrieved
2735:
2722:
2695:
2689:
2662:
2656:
2646:
2638:
2626:
2604:
2598:
2570:. Retrieved
2559:
2550:
2538:. Retrieved
2533:
2520:
2510:24 September
2508:. Retrieved
2499:
2354:
2320:
2319:In the book
2317:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2288:
2282:
2276:
2270:
2254:
2243:
2231:
2228:Volume units
2163:
2112:
2106:
2098:
2088:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2053:
2045:
2040:
2031:
2021:
2016:
2010:
2006:
2000:
1955:
1933:open cluster
1904:
1889:
1880:
1865:Please help
1853:
1775:
1761:
1740:
1720:away in the
1718:8000 pc
1703:
1700:
1696:1000 pc
1667:
1648:
1581:
1536:
1534:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1428:10 m,
1416:
1315:
1062:
1057:
1053:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1011:
999:
885:
882:
741:
596:
586:
576:
568:
557:
555:
539:
523:
495:
491:trigonometry
486:
450:
385:
353:astrophysics
336:
334:
270:trigonometry
243:Solar System
241:outside the
230:
226:
224:
160:
108:
103:
75:Unit of
25:
3580:Mathematics
3556:Outer space
3544:Spaceflight
3315:Brady Haran
3307:"pc Parsec"
2862:, Beijing:
2749:26 November
2730:(HEASARC).
2572:5 September
2360:short scale
2239:Boötes void
2186:The galaxy
2115:one billion
2009:(as in "50/
1791:0.6 pc
1758:space probe
1726:Sagittarius
1685:astrometric
1663:100 pc
1615:200 km
883:Therefore,
742:Therefore,
341:portmanteau
249:or 206,265
247:light-years
164: units
66:Unit system
46:that has a
3602:Categories
3466:gigaparsec
3460:megaparsec
3454:kiloparsec
3442:light-year
3153:4 February
2635:Siriometer
2607:(5): 342.
2491:References
2468:1 Tpc
2451:1 Gpc
2434:1 Mpc
2417:1 kpc
2335:Attoparsec
2188:RXJ1242-11
1975:ESO 383-76
1952:30 ly
1944:10 pc
1917:or within
1907:spiral arm
1787:Oort cloud
1751:10 pc
1689:0.97
1392:kilometres
578:siriometer
542:reciprocal
445:See also:
357:light-year
258:kilometres
148:petametres
102:1 pc
3520:Astronomy
3436:terametre
3424:gigametre
3361:Astronomy
3235:space.com
3198:0004-637X
2964:28 August
2919:π
2645:suggests
2478:10 m
2461:10 m
2444:10 m
2427:10 m
2410:10 m
2398:1 pc
2295:retconned
2278:Star Wars
2196:Milky Way
2034:< 0.75
2030:0.5 <
1969:Milky Way
1957:Hipparcos
1883:June 2024
1854:does not
1776:Voyager 1
1763:Voyager 1
1706:satellite
1669:Hipparcos
1655:telescope
1569:earth-sun
1561:1 au
1557:earth-sun
1553:earth-sun
1547:or 1.5813
1545:1 au
1541:earth-sun
1513:θ
1508:
1499:earth-sun
1434:1 pc
1277:≈
1263:π
1238:π
1233:×
1224:×
1195:≈
1172:π
1167:×
1158:×
1141:
1103:
937:π
811:×
805:×
799:×
776:×
770:×
750:π
674:π
667:×
661:×
607:1 pc
599:1 au
473:arcsecond
365:Milky Way
349:astronomy
335:The word
278:arcsecond
229:(symbol:
52:arcsecond
3623:Parallax
3479:See also
3418:☉
3359:used in
3317:for the
3296:26 March
3104:16483538
2767:(1838).
2631:Charlier
2561:StarDate
2329:See also
2273:Han Solo
2069:redshift
1936:Pleiades
1821:subtends
1795:diameter
1772: pc
1716:, about
1571:= 1.5813
1494:Distance
1477:Distance
1445: ly
1110:″
702: au
645: au
635: pc
487:adjacent
274:subtends
266:parallax
255:trillion
203:10
175:10
158:imperial
140:10
83:distance
48:parallax
3592:Science
3568:Physics
3506:Portals
3216:Esquire
3178:Bibcode
3176:: L57.
3131:Bibcode
3084:Bibcode
3023:20 July
2880: m
2824:Bibcode
2783:Bibcode
2700:Bibcode
2667:Bibcode
2609:Bibcode
2540:11 July
2159:quasars
2141:of the
2139:horizon
2135:
2123:
2103:
2085:
2064:
2050:
2015:50 Mpc
1967:of the
1875:removed
1860:sources
1639: m
1611:tangent
1607:
1588:
1419:1
1375:metres
1046:
1034:
725: m
615:radians
480:⁄
415:
396:
381:quasars
322:
310:
294:
282:
233:) is a
129:) units
3448:parsec
3196:
3102:
3049:22 May
2995:"GAIA"
2710:
2677:
2647:Parsec
2643:Turner
2639:Astron
2179:, the
1965:centre
1915:galaxy
1808:, the
1766:, was
1701:ESA's
1698:away.
1535:where
1424:≈ 9.46
1400:19.173
1382:30.856
1328:
1287:
1284:264.81
1050:degree
976:
942:
896:
863:
829:
782:
753:
587:parsec
569:astron
558:parsec
503:vertex
337:parsec
298:degree
227:parsec
215:
171:1.9174
136:3.0857
123:metric
104:in ...
89:Symbol
79:length
31:Parsec
3532:Stars
3468:(Gpc)
3462:(Mpc)
3456:(kpc)
3261:6 May
3240:6 May
3100:S2CID
3074:arXiv
2899:(PDF)
2856:(PDF)
2530:(PDF)
2474:2.938
2457:2.938
2440:2.938
2423:2.938
2406:2.938
2375:star.
2346:Notes
2261:Virgo
1778:took
1768:0.000
1659:0.01″
1438:3.261
1432:Then
1410:miles
1363:3.085
1048:of a
995:metre
688:, and
461:Earth
419:3.085
339:is a
296:of a
262:miles
211:3.261
196:2.062
3450:(pc)
3444:(ly)
3438:(Tm)
3432:(au)
3426:(Gm)
3407:(ls)
3298:2010
3263:2020
3242:2020
3194:ISSN
3155:2016
3051:2007
3025:2021
2966:2007
2751:2011
2740:NASA
2708:ISBN
2675:ISBN
2574:2021
2542:2007
2512:2014
2257:LIGO
2215:The
2201:The
2168:The
2020:").
1984:The
1963:The
1858:any
1856:cite
1785:The
1770:7897
1704:Gaia
1577:star
1565:star
1516:3600
1482:star
1348:.806
1043:3600
581:and
498:star
482:3600
430:3673
377:giga
373:mega
369:kilo
351:and
319:3600
291:3600
268:and
225:The
3394:or
3186:doi
3174:248
3139:doi
3127:292
3092:doi
3070:655
2878:700
2875:870
2872:597
2870:149
2832:doi
2791:doi
2742:'s
2617:doi
2297:in
2244:In
1990:M31
1948:420
1940:130
1938:is
1909:or
1869:by
1824:20″
1818:M87
1816:of
1793:in
1724:of
1691:mas
1680:000
1678:100
1637:673
1634:913
1631:814
1628:775
1625:856
1594:000
1592:648
1584:IAU
1505:tan
1462:).
1443:777
1440:563
1405:577
1402:511
1387:815
1384:775
1368:581
1365:677
1353:096
1350:247
1346:264
1344:206
1326:700
1323:870
1320:597
1318:149
1280:206
1259:000
1255:648
1241:180
1175:180
1138:tan
1100:tan
1030:SDE
997:).
973:673
969:913
965:814
961:775
957:856
933:000
929:600
925:213
921:420
917:939
860:000
856:600
852:213
848:420
844:939
826:700
822:870
818:597
814:149
796:180
767:180
721:700
717:870
713:597
709:149
658:180
465:Sun
427:491
424:581
421:677
402:000
400:648
306:Sun
3604::
3392:🜨
3313:.
3309:.
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3192:.
3184:.
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3125:.
3121:.
3098:.
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2997:.
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2830:.
2820:15
2818:.
2812:.
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2605:73
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2597:.
2582:^
2564:.
2558:.
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2472:≈
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1460:ES
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1380:≈
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1221:60
1161:60
1155:60
1058:SD
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953:30
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773:60
670:60
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611:1″
603:1″
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205:au
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177:mi
162:US
127:SI
92:pc
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2476:×
2459:×
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2425:×
2408:×
2403:≈
2129:/
2126:1
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2054:H
2046:h
2041:H
2032:h
2022:h
2017:h
2011:h
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1950:±
1946:(
1942:±
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1890:(
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