73:... that they were denying Christ and the church; that they cut up living animals and scattered the pieces at cross roads as offerings to a demain called the son of Art in return for his help; that they stole the keys of the church and held meetings there at night; that in the skull of a robber they placed the intestines and internal organs of cocks, worms, nails cut from dead bodies, hairs from the buttocks and clothes of boys who died before being baptized; that, from this brew they made potions to incite people to love, hate, kill and afflict Christians; that Alice herself had a certain demon as
159:
chronicler recorded her death: "Petronilla de Midia ... was condemned for sorcery, lot taking and offering sacrifices to demons, consigned to the flames and burned. Moreover before her even in olden days it was neither seen nor heard of that anyone suffered the death penalty for heresy in
Ireland."
146:
Petronilla claimed that
Kyteler allowed a demon to know her carnally, that she consulted devils and made potions and that Kyteler denied the "faith of Christ and the Church". Petronilla also held that she and her mistress applied a magical potion to a wooden beam, which enabled both women to fly.
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against her own husband with wax candles lighted and repeated expectoration, as their rules required. And though she was indeed herself an adept in this accursed art of theirs, she said she was nothing in comparison with her mistress, from whom she had learned all these things and many more; and
40:
and
Petronilla was charged with being one of her accomplices. Petronilla was tortured and forced to proclaim that she and Kyteler were guilty of witchcraft. Kyteler fled to save her life, and Petronilla was then flogged and eventually burnt at the stake on 3 November 1324, in
147:
Petronilla was then forced to make a public proclamation that
Kyteler and her followers were guilty of witchcraft. Petronilla was whipped six times (according to Ledrede "flogged through six parishes"), as in accordance to Ledrede orders and condemned to be
81:, from whom she received her wealth; and that Alice had used her sorcery to murder some of her husbands and to infatuate others, with the result that they gave all of their possessions to her and her son.
163:
She was the mother of another accused accomplice, named Sarah, who evidently escaped with Alice. Drawing on John
Pembridge's 14th-century annals which change Sarah's name to Basilia, in
97:. These accusations came principally from the children of her late husbands by their previous marriages. The trial predated any formal witchcraft statute in
125:
of
Petronilla and the other less wealthy associates imprisoned in Kilkenny, who were examined using the inquisitional procedure allowed by the papal decree
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431:
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A Contemporary
Narrative of the Proceedings Against Dame Alice Kyteler, Prosecuted for Sorcery in 1324, by Richard de Ledrede, Bishop of Ossory
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by whom she permitted herself to be known carnally and that he appeared to her either as a cat, a shaggy black dog or as a black man
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173:, he makes reference to Basil being an accused associate who managed to escape with Kyteler, "The Lady and Basil fled".
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93:, to having murdered several husbands; and Kyteler was accused of having acquired her wealth illegally through
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to escape the trial, the other accused were not as fortunate, particularly
Petronilla. Ledrede ordered the
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indeed in all the realm of the King of
England there was none more skilled or equal to her in this art ...
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A Contemporary
Narrative of the Proceedings Against Dame Alice Kyteler: Prosecuted for Sorcery in 1324
131:
A Contemporary Narrative of the Proceedings Against Dame Alice Kyteler: Prosecuted for Sorcery in 1324
386:
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set a place for Petronilla at her installation piece of 39 mythical and historical women entitled
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Seven charges were brought against Alice Kyteler and her associates, including Petronilla, by the
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435:. Ithaca and Dublin: Cornell University Press and Four Courts Press, 2015. ISBN 9780801453137.
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History of the Bishops of the Kingdom of Ireland and of Such Matters Ecclesiastical and Civil
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History of the Bishops of the Kingdom of Ireland and of Such Matters Ecclesiastical and Civil
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137:... Amongst other things she said that she with her said mistress often made a sentence of
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The Templars, the Witch, and the Wild Irish: Vengeance and Heresy in Medieval Ireland
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113:, where it was generally viewed as a petty criminal offence. While Kyteler fled to
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196:
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36:. After the death of Kyteler's fourth husband, Kyteler was accused of practicing
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Petronilla de Meath: the dramatic history of the first witch burned at the stake
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Riding the Nightmare: Women and Witchcraft from the Old World to Colonial Salem
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46:
25:
312:
Riddell, William Renwick, "The First Execution for Witchcraft in Ireland",
182:
28:, a wealthy woman of Flemish ancestry who lived in the English colony of
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The Witch in History: Early Modern and Twentieth-Century Representations
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Williams, "The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler", p. 24, citing John Clyn.
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A Contemporary Narrative of the Proceedings Against Dame Alice Kyteler,
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37:
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written by Ledrede, Petronilla confessed to all manner of things:
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316:, vol. 7 no. 6 (March, 1917) p. 836; translating Richard Ledrede,
457:(2nd ed.). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000,
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Riddell, "The First Execution for Witchcraft in Ireland", p. 836.
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The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler: A Contemporary Account (1324)
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29:
129:. They confessed to the charges made against them. According to
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50:
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Journal of American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology
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Williams, Bernadette, "The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler",
191:. Since 2007, the piece has been on permanent exhibition at
24:(c. 1300 – 3 November 1324) was an alleged follower of Dame
341:
Williams, "The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler", p. 24.
303:
Williams, "The Sorcery Trial of Alice Kyteler", p. 21.
455:
Witchcraft in Europe, 400–1700: A Documentary History
416:
Witchcraze: A New History of the European Witch Hunts
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193:the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art
513:Williams, Selma R.; Adelman, Pamela Williams.
45:. Hers was the first known case in Ireland or
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284:
218:"Witchipedia: Ireland's most famous witches"
361:The Templars, the Witch, and the Wild Irish
254:Davidson, Sharon, and John O. Ward, trans.
56:
453:Kors, Alan Charles; Peters, Edward (eds).
281:
278:, vol. 2, no. 4 (Winter, 1994), pp. 21–22.
376:by Sir James Ware (Dublin, 1719), p. 408.
328:
326:
215:
502:. London and New York: Routledge, 1996,
442:. London and New York: Routledge, 1995,
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418:. San Francisco: HarperCollins, 1995,
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258:. Asheville, NC: Pegasus Press, 2004,
245:. London: The Camden Society, 1843.
85:The charges ranged from committing
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387:"The Dinner Party: Place Settings"
49:of death by fire for the crime of
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594:
563:Executed people from County Meath
438:Jones, Prudence; Pennick, Nigel.
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105:where witchcraft was treated as
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22:Petronilla de Midia (of Meath)
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18:Irish woman burnt for heresy
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487:. London: Routledge, 2002,
472:. London: Routledge, 2004,
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573:People executed by burning
517:. New York: Harper, 1992,
558:14th-century Irish people
470:The Witchcraft Sourcebook
440:A History of Pagan Europe
414:Barstow, Anne Llewellyn.
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583:People from County Meath
553:14th-century Irish women
57:Confession and execution
483:Oldridge, Darren, ed.
468:Levack, Brian P., ed.
429:Callan, Maeve Brigid.
144:
83:
485:The Witchcraft Reader
216:O'Connell, Jennifer.
135:
71:
568:Executed Irish women
241:Wright, Thomas, ed.
127:Super illius specula
372:Harris, Walter ed.
363:, pp.84, 104 n132.
149:burnt at the stake
111:English common law
103:ecclesiastical law
101:; thus relying on
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227:3 November
203:References
157:Franciscan
95:witchcraft
38:witchcraft
153:John Clyn
79:aethiopos
359:Callan,
115:Flanders
91:demonism
43:Kilkenny
195:at the
123:torture
119:England
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87:sorcery
75:incubus
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