Peter Lougheed - Knowledge

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emphasis on revenue sharing and incentives for oil exploration on federally owned lands was viewed critically by Lougheed. Lougheed fought the program vigorously in the courts and in public, where he actively stoked Alberta nationalism in a television address claiming the program would bring more "Ottawa" to the province. Prior to the announcement of the National Energy Program, Lougheed had threatened to reduce Alberta's production of oil and gas to counter any federal program to increase taxes. If Alberta reduced production, Central Canada refineries and other businesses would need to purchase foreign oil which would be heavily subsidized by the federal government, a cost that it could not afford to with a $ 13.7 billion deficit in 1980. Lougheed finally decided to exercise this authority to force Trudeau to concede some measures of the Program, and Lougheed announced on television a 60,000 barrel reduction to Alberta's production of crude oil to take place over nine months beginning in April 1981, and the suspension of two oil sands projects. Lougheed however pledged that he would not allow a national oil shortage to occur, and would suspend the cuts if a shortage occurred. The threat was successful as negotiations between the federal and provincial governments to amend the National Energy Program proceeded in 1981 to remove certain unpalatable aspects for Alberta. Lougheed's success in the

922: 1822:, Trudeau discussed reopening constitutional discussions which were limited to patriation exclusively. While all Premiers agreed patriation was desirable, Lougheed led the Premiers in demanding a general review of the distribution of powers, control of resources, and duplication of programs. Trudeau followed up the 1975 conference by submitting to each province a draft proclamation which provided three options, simple patriation, patriation with the Victoria Charter amending formula, and patriation with an updated Victoria Charter. Lougheed rejected the proposal and found an ally with Bourassa who submitted his own list of constitutional demands which expanded provincial jurisdiction. In 1978, Lougheed's government formally outlined the province's position in the paper 1162:, but less than a full slate put forward by the Social Credit Party and the New Democratic Party. Lougheed sought candidates who were already public figures, often meeting with editors of local weekly newspapers, mayors and presidents of boards of trade to determine who the community's leaders were. As the writ came closer Lougheed and the Progressive Conservatives realized they could not form government and instead focused on a strategy of capturing Lougheed's seat in Calgary-West and forming the opposition. The campaign created red, white and blue promotional materials with the slogan "Alberta Needs an Alternative", while Lougheed's own material added his personal slogan "Let's Start It in Calgary West". 1919: 2130:, with growing party and media attention on his potential bid. Lougheed's wife Jeanne and son Joe urged Lougheed to make the jump to federal politics. However, Lougheed once again declined to make the jump to federal politics, admitting his age (54), inability to speak French fluently, and that he did not have the energy to campaign and learn French at the same time. To put the issue to rest, Lougheed returned to Edmonton early from a vacation in Hawaii and held a news conference to take himself out of the race. While Lougheed did not see an inability to speak French as a significant issue for a federal leadership candidate in the mid-1970s, he acknowledged the growing 1656:

tense, with Don Getty staging a walk-out following an ultimatum letter sent to the Province from the consortium. While an agreement was reached in late-August 1973 which met Lougheed's intended goals, the project began to unravel one year later when in December 1974 Atlantic Richfield backed out of the project when cost estimates doubled. The project was not feasible without a federal government commitment for petroleum price assurances and financial backing. Lougheed and Getty met with other firms to fill Atlantic Richfield's place, and in February 1975 the consortium met with the governments of Alberta, Ontario, and Canada in the neutral site of

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Progressive Conservatives in Alberta. Many of the active members and volunteers for the federal Progressive Conservatives were members and volunteers for the provincial Social Credit party. Lougheed was able to build a party from scratch bringing political and apolitical people under the Progressive Conservative tent that would not only bring himself into power, but result in greater support the federal party as well. Lougheed thought it was important that the public perceive the dominant figure in any provincial party be the leader, and not the leader of the federal equivalent.

2311:, claiming that it would create a new order of government, he accepted the consensus to include the provisions in the Charlottetown Accord. Lougheed also advocated for a "citizen assembly" composed of elected representatives from each province to negotiate Constitutional reforms as a fallback measure if the Charlottetown Accord failed. Under his plan, no current members of federal or provincial legislatures would have been eligible to participate, and members of the citizen assembly would be barred from running for a seat in a federal or provincial legislatures for six years. 1435:, Lougheed and the Progressive Conservative party gained popularity, with Lougheed campaigning on the informal slogan "79 in '79" in reference to winning all 79 seats in the legislature. Although they received a slightly lower percentage of the popular vote than in 1975, at 57.4 per cent, they gained five additional seats for a total of 74 out of 79 seats in the legislature. The public was strongly supportive of Lougheed and the Progressive Conservatives, and headlines predicted that they would win with a comfortable majority. Meanwhile, the opposition leaders, including 2473:. Lougheed implemented large-scale increases in provincial royalty rates for oil and gas production, and during the National Energy Program he reduced oil and gas production and paused two oil sands projects. These policies were unpopular with the Alberta oil and gas industry and conservatives in Alberta. The close ties of the state-owned Alberta Energy Company to the government gave critics the impression of an "unfair competitive advantage", and Lougheed's intervention in the free market through controlling oil and gas production worried his conservative base. 1780: 8806: 1257:

modernize the rural-focused Social Credit Party to better reflect the growing urbanization in Alberta, something he was not able to effectively accomplish. Furthermore, the Social Credit government was predominantly composed of older members, with the average MLA age in 1969 of 54 years of age, and 16 of the 54 members being above the age of 60. In contrast, the Progressive Conservative caucus had an average age under 40. Strom pressed for "a new and more positive relationship with the federal government".

1077:, who had held that role for several decades since he assumed the position in 1943. Manning was popular, and his party had received 55 per cent of the vote in the 1963 election to capture 60 of 63 seats in the legislature. Albertans however, were reluctant to support the Social Credit party at the federal level, instead electing Progressive Conservative candidates consistently. The provincial Social Credit constituency associations often shared the same members with the federal Progressive Conservatives. 384: 1772:

of the province if amendments affecting existing provincial rights were considered. Lougheed's vision for the amending formula highlighted the rights of individual provinces rather than regions to ensure equity, and there would be no effective veto for a single province, which represented a major deviation from amending formulas proposed in prior constitutional talks. Along with the amending formula, Lougheed's constitutional legacy includes the inclusion of the

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Party was not in touch with the province's true potential to be a national leader. He resolved to win the leadership of the provincial Progressive Conservative party and to navigate it into government. Before the leadership convention, Lougheed travelled around the province eagerly meeting supporters and constituency members to build his support base. Lougheed also started to build a team of supporters who followed him throughout his career including Roy Deyell,

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75 of the 79 seats in the legislature, a landslide victory and the second-largest majority government in Alberta's history. During the election Lougheed noted it would be his last election. Lougheed focused his campaign primarily on provincial issues and refused to use the name of opposition parties, instead referring to them as "knockers", and his Progressive Conservatives as "doers". He declined any television or public debates, which led to

1058: 2505:. However, former University of Calgary professor Roger Gibbins notes that Alberta remained in a defensive position during constitutional debates due to the National Energy Program and Trudeau's willingness to independently repatriate the constitution, in that sense Gibbins viewed Lougheed's contribution to constitutional debates as maintaining the status quo, which was not in the best interest of Western Canada. 1794:, and second by creating the Ministry of Federal and Intergovernmental Affairs. The Ministry was tasked with overseeing all intergovernmental matters and grew into the center of the political battles between the provincial and federal governments. The Ministry proved effective and helped usher the transition of Alberta from a junior province into a leading province in constitutional debates. 1403:, Lougheed enjoyed strong support in his constituency which allowed him to focus his campaign efforts across the province. The Progressive Conservatives campaigned a platform on administrative competence and promises outlined in an unpassed 1975–1976 budget. Leaning on successful negotiations with the federal and Ontario governments and oil companies for the development of oil sands in the 1863:. During the 1985 First Ministers' Conference in Regina, Lougheed promoted the idea on television, highlighting the potential for Canadian entrepreneurs to participate in the North American market. Lougheed was meticulous in planning his visits to Washington, ensuring every aspect was perfectly executed, as was characteristic of his premiership. Canadian ambassador to the United States, 2079: 1571:, a lawyer, was appointed minister of education. Lougheed completely shuffled his Cabinet upon re-election in 1975 and 1979, with no minister retaining the same portfolio. This changed after the 1982 election when he reappointed several ministers to the same portfolios. Lougheed also oversaw an expansion of the size of Cabinet, which assisted in providing regional representation. 1976:

for action a year earlier. An inquiry found the Progressive Conservative government went to considerable lengths to prevent enforcement actions against certain companies to preserve public confidence. While Lougheed was not directly named, the inquiry found the actions by government ministers aligned with Lougheed's "province-building" policy.

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politics. In pursuit of business, Lougheed accepted a position as a legal assistant with the Canadian construction firm, Mannix Corporation in June 1956, where he was eventually promoted to a corporate law and management position. Later in 1962, Lougheed left Mannix to establish an independent law practice, partnering with

1054:. The party lacked a network of constituency associations capable of organizing a cohesive campaign. Lougheed sought to differentiate the provincial party from the federal Progressive Conservatives and felt voters should be well aware that he was the dominant figure for the party, and not the leader of the federal party. 2468:

to facilitate development of the oil and gas industry. Despite his party's Conservative label, Lougheed consistently made policies and investments that significantly expanded the government's role in the economy, impacted industries across the province, both in oil and gas and other areas of the free

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Fil Fraser attributes much of Lougheed's support for the arts to his wife Jeanne who had studied voice, music and dance. Jeanne advocated on behalf of the arts as a way to "nurture the spirit" of Albertans. Fraser notes that the Lougheed's advocated for the arts through being true patrons, constantly

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owing more than 67,000 investors approximately $ 468 million (equivalent to $ 1073 million in 2023). While the collapse occurred under Don Getty's premiership, Lougheed created a special cabinet task force that met weekly in 1985 to discuss the impending collapse, and financial regulators had pressed

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Prime Minister Trudeau's failure to gain support for the Victoria Charter did not deter him from continuing to push for major constitutional reform. Trudeau's primary objective was to ensure the patriation of the Canadian constitution. Additionally, he aimed to introduce changes such as an acceptable

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where energy prices dropped dramatically due to falling demand. Lougheed was forced to lower royalty rates through the Oil and Gas Activity Program and focused the government's efforts on natural gas diversification to stem falling revenues and a declining economy. Finally, in March 1985, only months

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marked Lougheed's final as Premier. Lougheed utilized the constitutional debates and focus on Alberta's complete control over natural resources to gain increased support from the electorates. The Progressive Conservatives improved their popular support to capture 62.3 per cent of the popular vote and

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based on Alberta's proposal, which requires an amendment to the constitution to take place with the agreement of the federal government and at least seven provinces representing 50 per cent of the Canadian population. The amending formula also included an opt-out provision which requires the consent

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Lougheed, while serving as the leader of the opposition, accused the Social Credit government of not ensuring Albertans received fair value from the exploitation of public non-renewable natural resources. As Premier, Lougheed implemented several policies to increase the value of Alberta's resources,

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Since mid-1970, the Progressive Conservative Party had been preparing for an election to be called. They established slogans and branding which was centrally controlled, unlike previous instances in Alberta where individual constituencies were free to develop their own materials. This centralization

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Lougheed believed that the time was right for a change in Alberta's political landscape. He thought that the Social Credit party was too rural and lacked assertiveness in intergovernmental relations. According to Lougheed, Alberta needed to be a senior partner in Confederation, but the Social Credit

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Lougheed rarely commented on Alberta's public policy or the Progressive Conservative Party following his resignation as Premier. Lougheed did not endorse any candidate as his successor, nor did he endorse a candidate in the 1992 Progressive Conservative leadership race. In 2006, Lougheed's position

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as Minister for Culture who began an aggressive campaign to promote the arts in Alberta. Strengthened by revenues from oil and gas development the government began a matching grant program for private donations to arts organizations, up to 25 per cent of an organization's budget. The budget for the

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by their respective governments on the question of unilateral patriation. Lougheed brought forward a resolution in the Legislature stating Alberta would only support patriation if there were safeguards for provincial rights, no amendments would diminish provincial rights, and the federal government

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and cancel all existing oil and gas leases, and reissued them under the new higher royalty rate. These higher royalty rates became contentious later in 1974 when the federal government revised the corporate tax code to no longer permit petroleum companies to deduct provincial royalties from taxable

1415:. Lougheed was the centre of the campaign evidenced by the Progressive Conservative slogans "Lougheed Leadership", "43 Months of Progress", and "Vote Today for Alberta". While opposition criticism focused on Lougheed's interference with the free market, which was exemplified by the 1974 purchase of 1356:

with his business background which appealed to the province which was undergoing economic growth and prosperity brought on by non-renewable resources, which contrasted the old-fashioned image of the social credit government. Other scholars share similar views that include Lougheed as the saviour of

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As a politician, Lougheed traveled Alberta to meet voters in their communities and impressed upon Progressive Conservative candidates the importance of door-to-door politics. When selecting candidates he looked for community leaders and ethnic diversity to ensure the Progressive Conservative Party

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Lougheed officially resigned his seat in the Alberta Legislature on February 27, 1986, and returned to private life at the age of 57. After his retirement from politics, Lougheed remained active in government, legal and business affairs, joining Calgary-based law firm Bennett Jones as a partner in

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Later during his Premiership, Lougheed was viewed as a potential leader for the federal Progressive Conservatives. Biographer David Wood describes several instances where federal organizers attempted to woo Lougheed into leading the party. Wood describes a meeting in Halifax in 1975 where Lougheed

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and the Trudeau government's export tax on Alberta oil. Lougheed publicly described the export tax as the most discriminatory action in Canadian history. Trudeau's actions further reinforced Lougheed's position that Alberta would only support Constitutional changes on the condition that provincial

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and insisted the connecting pipeline be 80 per cent owned by the province, the site powerplant 50 per cent owned by the province, and an option to acquire a 20 per cent ownership stake in the Syncrude project at a later date. The Syncrude negotiations between the government and the consortium were

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Shortly after he was elected in 1972, Lougheed announced major changes to the province's oil and gas royalty structures to increase Alberta's share of resource revenue and entrench the provincial government's control over those resources. The previous Social Credit government established a maximum

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with the rationale that Canadian ownership and control of natural resources was paramount to national energy security. Trudeau also argued that Canada's energy policy had become divisive and must achieve greater fairness in revenue sharing. While the program increased domestic price controls, the

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Lougheed's popularity during his premiership resulted in progressive conservative majority governments with only a limited number of opposition members. Lougheed became creative to provide additional responsibility to members of his caucus, including mandatory caucus meetings which he chaired. In

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to the role. During his time in office, Lougheed undertook various official international trips, and he was often accompanied by his wife, Jeanne. Lougheed believed that having his wife present would encourage foreign dignitaries to include their spouses, thereby altering the visit's atmosphere.

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Based on his experience in opposition, Lougheed named an opposition member as the chair of the Standing Committee on Public Accounts. However, political scientist Engelmann called the appointment "window-dressing" as the committee consists of a majority of government caucus members, and prior to

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authorized by cabinet and issued by the Lieutenant Governor, these warrants were not included in any budgets provided to the legislature and were not made public until after the decision to spend was approved. Critics argued that the use of special warrants removed the ability of the opposition,

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Lougheed's government made significant transformations to policy and finance through the legislature. Several legislative policy committees were created in 1975 consisting of members of the Progressive Conservative caucus, and did not include members of the opposition. Lougheed also consistently

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Ernest Manning, who had been Alberta's Premier since 1943, was aware of the declining support for Social Credit. In the 1967 election, the party received a disappointing 44.6 per cent of the popular vote, the first time under his leadership that they had failed to secure at least 50 per cent. On

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reporter Gordon Jaremko, Lougheed criticized Alberta's royalty structure and called for a review of non-renewable resource royalties, which had been significantly reduced by the Klein government in the 1990s to spur development. The interview came months after Klein announced his retirement and

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In 1984, his government published a White Paper on industrial and scientific strategy, which recognized that the oil-led boom had come to an end. The paper highlighted oil and gas as the primary "engine of growth" while also portraying financial institutions positively, despite the government's

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Following an unsuccessful First Ministers Conference in September 1981, Trudeau began the process of unilateral constitutional repatriation led by the federal government alone. Ontario and New Brunswick were supportive of the federal government while the remaining provinces formed what would be

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and incorporated the Alberta Energy Company in 1974 to focus on petroleum, pipeline, and petrochemical processing. The establishment of the Alberta Petroleum Marketing Commission further expanded the government's authority in the sale of non-renewable natural resources, as well as construction,

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601,340 in 2023) was set to provide $ 80,000 for television advertisements and the rest of other materials for constituencies across the province. Unlike Social Credit's use of radio for the less outgoing Strom, Lougheed's focus was on television. Lougheed's team was careful with messaging,

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Lougheed's success in Alberta was noticed by other conservatives across Canada, he was invited to be the keynote speaker by federal Progressive Conservatives at the 1968 convention in Toronto. During the 1970 spring session, Lougheed moved to position the Progressive Conservatives as a credible

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resulted in lower demand for the family's office real estate leading to financial difficulties for Edgar Lougheed and his family who continued to manage several properties. Many of Peter Lougheed's early years were spent moving between rented homes and apartments in Calgary. The Lougheed family

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as a "rainy day" fund for oil and gas royalties. He also placed a significant emphasis on diversification of the Alberta economy away from oil and gas revenues. However, under Lougheed the government of Alberta continued to fund a significant portion of the provincial budget from non-renewable

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Lougheed sought greater provincial control over oil and gas resources and to reduce federal government incursions in natural resource development. Lougheed was successful in leveraged government investment in the place of private investment to achieve his goal. The province took administrative

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instead referring to caucus members as either "ministers" or "private members". Non-political attendance in caucus meetings was limited to only four staff members from the Premier's Office. Lougheed required legislators to seek caucus approval to miss caucus meetings or publicly dissent with a

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As Premier, Strom was described by Lougheed biographer Allan Tupper as an "easier opponent" than Manning, although both Tupper and Wood considered Strom as an earnest individual of high integrity, but lacked dynamism, experience and shrewdness. One of the challenges Strom faced was the need to

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After completing his Master of Business Administration at Harvard, Lougheed faced a career crossroads. Lougheed was a staunch believer that people should avoid excessive specialization in favour of maximizing their diversity of experience, and he anticipated spending time in business, law, and

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sought the federal Progressive Conservative leadership in 1983, and asked for Lougheed's endorsement. Lougheed emphatically declined, owing to Davis' refusal to join other Premiers in 1981 on a united energy policy for Canada. Furthermore, Lougheed could not support Joe Clark in retaining his

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described Lougheed as a "great leader for Alberta...and for the entire nation". Biographer Alan Tupper described Lougheed as exemplifying Alberta's best qualities, and as the "principal architect of modern Alberta". Former prime minister and justice minister during the constitutional debates

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and other Ontario Conservatives led a movement to gain support in Ontario for a Lougheed federal run, going so far as to send a five-foot Christmas card with 800 signatures on it and holding rallies in support. Despite his efforts, Lougheed rejected the repeated offers from Jackman. Lougheed

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Lougheed transformed the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta from a marginal party into a dynasty that governed Alberta for over 40 years. Prior to his leadership, the party was unable to attract significant attention or high quality candidates, despite the success of the federal

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had a similar plan to purchase the airline. The decision was highly controversial in Alberta and drew criticism from the business community and fiscal conservatives in the Progressive Conservative caucus. Following the acquisition, the headquarters for the airline was moved to Calgary, and

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in part to assure the development of the North and Western Canada, and position Alberta as the gateway to the north. The province purchased the airline for $ 37.5 million (equivalent to $ 225 million in 2023) during a secret takeover bid. The Alberta government moved quickly out of worries

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three months later on July 22 with an election day set on August 30, 1971. Prior to the 1971 election, a number of changes to Alberta's electoral process occurred. Electoral district boundaries were redrawn and the number of members to be elected was increased from 65 to 75. The

1003:. It was during this time in Tulsa that Lougheed saw firsthand the aftermath of an oil boom town after the resource had been depleted. According to political scientist and biographer Allan Tupper suggested Lougheed drew parallels between Tulsa and a possible future for Alberta. 1879:

Lougheed's official visits included Japan in 1972, Europe in 1975, the United States in 1976, and China and Japan in 1983. Additionally, in 1977, Lougheed embarked on an ambitious official visit to the Middle East, Soviet Union and Switzerland. During this trip, Soviet Premier

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became prime minister for a short period in 1979–1980, very little was done in the way of aligning domestic oil prices with the higher international prices, in part due to the significant hardship the higher market prices would have on other provinces and Canadian consumers.

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In the leadup to the 1971 election, Lougheed committed his government to a "mosaic" approach to culture, which promoted different cultures and opportunities to expose Albertans to experiencing other cultures and traditions. After the election, Lougheed appointed

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Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau implemented an expanded National Oil Policy which included an export tax on oil. This resulted in domestic oil prices below international levels, all of which disproportionally affected Alberta. Lougheed used the export tax to claim

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instead of appropriations through the legislature, neither was effective for swaying voters. To no one's surprise, the Progressive Conservative Party won a lopsided victory in 1975, capturing 62.7 per cent of the vote and 69 of 75 seats in the legislature. The

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succeeded him as Premier on December 12, 1968. In an ominous sign of the rise of Lougheed's Progressive Conservatives, the Social Credit party was defeated in the February 1969 by-election in Manning's former constituency by Progressive Conservative candidate

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Many observers argue that the Progressive Conservative victory in 1971 was primarily a result of Lougheed's charisma, combined with growing urbanization and an out-of-touch Social Credit government. Lewis G. Thomas argues that Lougheed evoked an image of the

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for only one government Minister, ignoring all other Ministers, with the target Minister changing each day. The strategy combined with Lougheed's legal training and sophistication was effective at creating suspense and concern in the government caucus.

2452:" and sought candidates with professional experience in multiple industries. Lougheed understood the power of television, and was one of the first major Canadian politicians to build an electoral and government strategy around it. He advocated for a 898:

and two other candidates. In an interview for Wood's biography of Lougheed, Head complemented Lougheed's university campaign, recognizing Lougheed's first-rate organizational abilities. Lougheed also served as the editor for the sports section for

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who attended the University of Alberta had described Alberta in the 1960s as "a cultural desert". Under Lougheed's leadership, Alberta transitioned from a restrictive, moralistic and rural-based province to a growingly urban and modern society.

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was dropped. Bell argues the Social Credit's poor relationships with unions and Strom's weak campaign led to the progressive conservatives narrow victory of 5.3 percentage points. The media heralded Lougheed's victory as an upset, with the

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took a significant role in Lougheed's Progressive Conservatives, moving from volunteer to paid full-time field worker assisting Lougheed in finding candidates for the 1967 election. Clark became a candidate himself in the 1967 election in

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stressing the idea of the Progressive Conservative providing an "alternative" rather than "opposition". Prior to the election, Lougheed went on a 40-day tour that brought him to each constituency to "meet and greet" with potential voters.

1651:. Lougheed's goals with Syncrude were to get the project off the ground with the province receiving a fair royalty, and Albertans having the opportunity to invest in the project. Lougheed negotiated the royalty to take a similar form to 1562:

When selecting members for his cabinet, Lougheed took the approach that first-hand knowledge may be a detriment to the success of the minister. Lougheed wanted ministers to take on the role without any preconceived notions. For instance

2195:, Carlson Construction and a number of other businesses. Lougheed continued to support the development of Alberta's natural gas industry, becoming the chair of the Alberta Northeast Gas project which promoted the construction of the 1534:

1975 he removed the requirement for caucus to operate by consensus, owing to the large number of members, instead a vote was called on all issues, and Lougheed often required a two-thirds majority for important issues. Furthermore,

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amending formula, the establishment of a Charter of Rights, and the advancement of federal powers. Trudeau's goals were in contrast with those of the provincial governments which were primarily led by Lougheed and Quebec Premier

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to crash one of Lougheed's events to challenge the Premier to a debate. Lougheed also pushed the same strategy for his candidates as previous years, requiring them to canvass door-to-door as if they were behind in the polls.

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Lougheed sought a public debate amongst the four party leaders, however as a long-time incumbent Manning was not willing to risk a debate which could not benefit him. Manning's position on the debate changed when a group of

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the urban middle class that was seeking a revigorated government aligned with the province's new resource age. Edward Bell counters this argument stating that Lougheed's victory in 1971 was in no way guaranteed before the

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with 46.4 per cent of the popular vote. The victory included a complete sweep of 16 electoral districts in Edmonton and 9 of 13 in Calgary. Lougheed himself won his district with 55.2 per cent of the vote in Calgary-West.

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Lougheed did make occasional statements in support or opposition of successor Progressive Conservative premiers. In a 1995 interview, Lougheed was critical of Conservative government cuts to social services following the

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church leaders decided to host a leaders debate, Manning a devout Christian and host of "Back to the Bible Hour" radio broadcasts was forced to accepted the debate. Lougheed's performance in the debate was lauded by the

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Critics have argued that Lougheed undertook a hostile and polarizing campaign toward federal oil and gas policy which forced Albertans to choose between provincial and national citizenship. The growing hostility fueled

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described Lougheed's legacy as "I have never known an Alberta or a Canadian that did not benefit from his legacy. We owe him so much: our strong industries, our magnetic cities, our sense of identity within Canada".

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income. Lougheed and Trudeau came to a compromise in early 1975 which allowed the gradual increase in domestic oil prices to near world prices, while creating a buffer to protect manufacturing centers and consumers.

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After his election in 1971, Lougheed sought to increase contact between Albertans and legislators by addressing accessibility, visibility and accountability of the Legislative Assembly. In his government's first

1123:. Lougheed and his team campaigned vigorously for candidate Alexander Wells, but the Progressive Conservative finished third with 18.6 per cent of the vote, trailing both the successful New Democratic candidate 2347:

throughout the province. After lying in state, Lougheed's body travelled back to Calgary in a motorcade from Edmonton that followed a procession through the city, passing places of significance to Lougheed. A

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From an investment standpoint, Lougheed did not believe in corporate welfare, and instead sought equity stakes in businesses the province supported resulting in large holdings. In 1976, Lougheed created the

2590:, Lougheed received his end-of-life care and died in the hospital. Other sites named in honour of Lougheed include Edmonton's Peter Lougheed Multicultural Village, the Jeanne and Peter Lougheed Building at 9081: 2459:

During his 14 years as Premier, Lougheed oversaw significant economy and cultural growth in Alberta, largely fueled by oil and gas royalty revenues. Lougheed's domestic policies saw the development of the

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resulted in Ontario purchasing 5 per cent of the project, Alberta 10 per cent, and the federal government 15 per cent. Alberta also took full cost and ownership of the pipeline and powerplant through the

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James Lougheed, Peter's grandfather, accumulated significant wealth in real estate and oil firms before his death in 1925. Much of James Lougheed's oil securities were sold following his death to pay the

2050:, providing $ 3.4 million to develop the encyclopedia, and another $ 600,000 to provide a free copy to every school and library in Canada. Lougheed's government strongly supported Edmonton's bid for the 2040:. Other festivals started during this time include Edmonton Folk Music Festival in 1980 and Edmonton Fringe Festival in 1982. Lougheed's government also established a number of foundations including for 1158:, Lougheed and his supporters worked tirelessly to convince candidates to run in all 65 constituencies, however, the Progressive Conservatives were only able to nominate 47 candidates, two more than the 3734: 1847:

did not proceed unilaterally. Lougheed then boycotted parliamentary hearings on patriation and joined the other Premiers in warning Trudeau against patriation before the Supreme Court ruled on whether

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Lougheed announced his retirement from politics in on June 26, 1985. A number of candidates campaigned to succeed Lougheed as the leader of the Progressive Conservatives and Premier of Alberta. In the

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royalty rate at 16.66 per cent, and Lougheed was willing to permit existing leases to continue until they expired and all new leases would be issued at a new higher rate. However, in the wake of the

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publicly disagreed with matters related to the Heritage Savings Trust Fund, Constitutional patriation, and freedom of information, he was expelled from caucus and the Progressive Conservative Party.

1035:. Although this made federal politics an option, Lougheed saw it as a drawback; he considered the field of federal Progressive Conservatives politicians from Alberta to be crowded, and the life of a 2571:

In 1986 the University of Alberta established the Peter Lougheed Scholarship, and later established other scholarships in health sciences, law and arts in his name. In 2001 he was inducted into the

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garnering 62 per cent of the vote, and the Progressive Conservatives captured 26 per cent of the vote province-wide with five other successful candidates. With six elected MLAs, Lougheed became

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brought together a jury of 30 prominent Canadians which named Peter Lougheed the best Canadian Premier in the past 40 years (1972–2012). Lougheed was ranked first amongst 21 of the 30 jurors.

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Lougheed's tenure as Premier saw major environmental changes in the province. The government evaluated a number of ways to improve environmental and recreational access for Albertans. In 1975

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which included the requirement for federal-provincial division of power to be protected by an amending formula which requires the consent of the provinces whose rights are subject to change.

7961: 1867:, who served from 1981 to 1989, praised Lougheed as one of the most effective Canadian politicians to work with Congress. Lougheed relied on his close relationship with Washington Senator 9487: 1767:'s vision of Canadian government into one of coordinated sovereign powers. Amongst his most significant accomplishments in the 1970–1980s constitutional debates was the inclusion of the 735:

won a majority government; at 43 years and 7 months it was the longest unbroken run in government for a political party in Canadian history. Lougheed led the Tories again to victory in

2114:

allegedly asked if Lougheed was interested in taking over the leadership from him, and later "twenty or more" federal party members visited his hotel room urging Lougheed to run. Later

933:

Despite his small stature, Lougheed took a strong interest in football in his youth. Prior to attending the University of Alberta, Lougheed played for the junior Calgary Tornadoes as a

2218:, a title he held until 2002. Lougheed made the decision on the advice of his two sons who attended Queen's. In 2002 Lougheed was appointed to the inaugural board of directors for the 1907:

with the idea for the new provincial park. Other efforts were taken to create urban parks in Edmonton, Grande Prairie, and Medicine Hat funded through the Heritage Savings Trust Fund.

9074: 2062:

attending and participating in events across the province, both large and small. Jeanne held numerous board positions for Alberta cultural organizations including her "baby", the

1967:, a consortium of Canadian financial companies headquartered in Edmonton. The operating licences for two of the Principal Group's subsidiaries were cancelled by Alberta Treasurer 1108:. Although the Progressive Conservative Association did not release the vote totals, biographer David G. Wood claimed that Lougheed received 91 per cent of the delegates' votes. 1130:

During his time as leader of the Progressive Conservative Association, Lougheed took on the role of vice-president of the Calgary Olympic Development Association (CODA) for the

8151: 10772: 9212: 9067: 2123:

as a responsibility to Albertans after the recent election win in 1975, although Lougheed did remark "the timing wasn't right. It might have been right in 1977 or 1978".

1343:

On August 30, Albertans went to the polls and elected Peter Lougheed's Progressive Conservative Association. The Progressive Conservatives captured 49 of 75 seats in the

7934: 10827: 711:

In 1965, he was elected leader of the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party, which held no seats in the legislature. He led the party back into the legislature in the

1896: 10797: 1515:. One of Lougheed's initial actions was installing cameras to record and broadcast meetings of the legislature beginning on March 15, 1972, and the beginning of the 480: 855:

went into tax recovery proceedings after his death, the City of Calgary permitted James' widow to continue to reside in the home until her death. The onset of the

754:

to ensure that the exploitation of non-renewable resources would be of long-term benefit to Alberta. He introduced the Alberta Bill of Rights. He quarrelled with

9877: 2270:

created a significant policy issue in the 2006 Progressive Conservative leadership race. Shortly after winning the Progressive Conservative leadership, Premier

1956:. In 1983, the Lougheed government sold the airline for $ 37.7 million (equivalent to $ 102 million in 2023) following a campaign promising to do so during the 1755:

Lougheed's provincial-dominated view of Canadian federalism remains one of his most visible and longstanding impacts on Alberta and Canadian history. Historian

9351: 774:

was developed during Lougheed's terms. Alberta also experienced economic success and went through significant social reform under the Lougheed administration.

1031:, and that motivated him to pursue a political career. However, during that time, Alberta was represented almost entirely by Progressive Conservatives in the 10581: 9232: 9227: 1396:

in the legislature and a Social Credit opposition of 25 members, which would be the largest opposition Lougheed would face in his 14-year career as Premier.

10842: 10822: 8021: 972:

On June 21, 1952, Lougheed married Jeanne "Jeannie" Estelle Rogers (1928–2020), whom he met while attending the University of Alberta. Jeanne was born in

10817: 1706:

was marked by a widely published photograph of a celebratory champagne toast with Trudeau and himself, Lougheed later admitted to regretting the toast.

979:

After finishing law school, Lougheed started working at the law firm of Fenerty, McGillivray and Robertson in Calgary. However, he had his sights set on

2102:. Robert Dinkel served as a campaign manager for the 1967 Progressive Conservatives, and later served as the Alberta manager for Joe Clark's successful 10102: 9956: 8370:(2005). "Premiere Peter Lougheed, Alberta and the Transformation of Constitutionalism in Canada, 1971-1985". In Connors, Richard; Law, John M. (eds.). 2456:

of the Government of Alberta, moving offices outside of Edmonton and Calgary to newly constructed provincial buildings in rural parts of the province.

1903:, which would eventually be renamed Peter Lougheed Provincial Park. Lougheed credited Calgary architect Bill Milne and Highways and Transport Minister 1588:"This appears to be the most discriminatory action taken by a federal government against a particular province in the entire history of confederation" 10039: 9365: 6440: 2440:

alluded to the "movie star" treatment the Lougheeds were greeted with across the province. Fil Fraser described Lougheed's time as Premier were the "

2127: 2120: 2000:

Lougheed inherited a province with a significant rural focus and a department of Culture that focused on pioneering agricultural events such as the

7022: 1859:

Lougheed spearheaded the provincial push for a fresh approach to bilateral trade at the national level, which ultimately came to fruition with the

7886: 7860: 10792: 9341: 7969: 4163: 3854: 3417: 3048: 2673: 1043: 674: 296: 8185: 2575:

which established the Peter Lougheed/CIHR Scholarship. Harvard University awarded Lougheed the university's Distinguished Alumni Award in 1986.

10837: 10777: 2095: 1915:

Peter Lougheed aimed to leverage the province's natural resource revenues to stimulate economic development and diversification in Alberta.

1860: 5210: 4972: 4858: 4744: 4610: 4477: 3740: 1843: 1790:

Lougheed's constitutional influence began following his election in 1971 through two actions, first by rejecting the basis of the proposed

1335:

aimed to reinforce the party's key messages and ensure repetition in the eyes of voters. An advertising budget of $ 120,000 (equivalent to

202: 2110:

attended the Nova Scotia provincial Progressive Conservative meeting which occurred simultaneously with a federal meeting. Federal leader

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which removed the remaining aspects of the National Energy Program and returned the Canadian energy industry to market-driven prices.

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In the Legislature Lougheed oversaw daily caucus strategy meetings to plan and rehearse questions. Each day the Lougheed opposition

5691: 2490: 1768: 1028: 891: 485: 2560:(postnominal: "PC") on April 17, 1982, the style "The Honourable" was extended for life. In 1986, he was named a Companion of the 805:, Alberta, as the second biological son to Edgar Donald Lougheed (1893–1951) a lawyer from Calgary, and Edna Alexandria Lougheed ( 10807: 6113: 2530: 790: 2139:

position, and while Lougheed pledged to remain neutral, he did encourage Albertans to "take a good look" at the eventual winner

1228:

positively remarked on Lougheed's success, stating that Albertans now had a responsible and credible alternative in opposition.

843:

Senator. He served in that chamber from 1888 to his death in 1889, when the seat was filled by Belle's husband, James Lougheed.

9863: 7258:

Final report of the Inspector William E. Code, Q.C. ... First Investors Corporation Ltd. and Associated Investors of Canada Ltd

5008: 4894: 4780: 4646: 4513: 1543:

position of caucus, which required either a reason of conscience or a constituency issue. When Progressive Conservative member

957: 705: 7911: 5352: 5259: 1575:

changes under Premier Don Getty in 1990, the chair was not permitted to present a report of the committee to the legislature.

1269:

alternative to the Social Credit party. His party introduced 21 bills, an unusually large number for an opposition party in a

8581: 8562: 8526: 8503: 8474: 8451: 8419: 8383: 8340: 8317: 8259: 8240: 1938: 1538:

were required to attend caucus meetings, and all members were seated in alphabetical order. Lougheed refused to use the term

1281: 921: 9059: 9332: 8670: 2591: 2013: 1810:

and reforms to the Supreme Court, while Bourassa and Lévesque sought greater recognition of Quebec's culture and language.

1276:

Through by-elections, Lougheed's Progressive Conservative caucus further grew from the "Original Six" with the election of

9389: 9033: 8878: 2557: 2478: 2353: 2235:, and he began to make occasional political statements and take interviews where he discussed public policy. Late in the 1408: 455: 7834:

Walker, Robert (November 29, 1995). "Former premier 'doing well': Peter Lougheed recovering from 3 1/2-hour operation".

1175:

and was credited by biographer George Wood with the growth in the Conservative movement in the Edmonton area, including

1011:

who brought oil and gas experience and later adding Marvin McDill. Lougheed also served on several boards including the

987:, which he completed in 1954. While still a student at Harvard, Lougheed had a number of jobs including a brief time at 9399: 8852: 7764:"Peter Lougheed Answers Pierre Trudeau: The former Alberta Premier says that Quebec must be brought back into the fold" 7763: 7727:"Peter's Principles: Peter Lougheed kept a low profile for years. Now he's speaking out. But are the Tories listening?" 2368: 1201: 949: 716: 620: 34: 8513:

Tupper, Allan; Pratt, Larry; Urquhart, Ian (1992). "The Role of Government". In Tupper, Allan; Gibbins, Roger (eds.).

1776:

which provides legislatures with the authority to supersede certain provisions of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

1240:

gathered and Lougheed assumed his position as Leader of the Opposition, seated across the aisle from Premier Manning.

10832: 9809: 9091: 8630: 8290: 7864: 7076: 6716: 5214: 3978: 2219: 2211: 2085:

began his political career as a volunteer and candidate for Lougheed in the 1960s, and later served as prime minister

1131: 1100:

who had also entered the race, withdrew on the first day of the convention. Lougheed was nominated from the floor by

984: 835:

Lougheed's paternal grandmother, Belle Hardisty, was Metis by both her paternal and maternal lines. She was niece of

782: 665: 360: 7799: 2167:

of a number of Canadian businesses, and at one time held a seat on 17 different boards. These corporations included

1593:

Canadian Club speech in Calgary, September 14, 1973. In regard to export taxes instituted by the federal government.

1494:

to become Premier of Alberta. Getty was officially sworn in on November 1, 1985, ending Lougheed's term as premier.

9971: 8843: 7665: 2586:

in 1986 after Lougheed's retirement as Premier. The new Calgary General Hospital constructed in 1988 was named the

2156:

in 1987 and serving as the co-chair of the Canada-Japan Forum in 1991. Lougheed served as an honorary chair of the

1428:

cover featured a caricature of Peter Lougheed following the victory accompanied by the title "Peter The Greatest".

1759:

compares Lougheed's role in the repatriation of the Canadian Constitution to that of 19th-century Ontario Premier

1419:

for $ 37.5-million (equivalent to $ 224.9-million in 2023) and significant government spending authorized through

766:. After hard bargaining, Lougheed and Trudeau eventually reached an agreement for energy revenue sharing in 1981. 383: 9563: 8602: 2041: 1139: 198: 10802: 10726: 9130: 5027: 4913: 4799: 4665: 4589: 4123: 3892: 3455: 3086: 2862: 2583: 2453: 2324: 2103: 1819: 1386: 1070: 724: 596: 562: 1244:

September 27, 1968, Manning announced his intention to retire from public office. After a leadership contest,

700:

where he attained his Bachelor of Laws while playing football at the University of Alberta before joining the

10713: 9887: 9779: 9207: 9105: 7175: 4968: 4854: 4740: 4606: 4473: 4100: 4094: 4068: 3831: 3825: 3799: 3394: 3388: 3362: 3025: 3019: 2993: 2650: 2644: 2618: 2599: 2572: 2285:

and saw it as an opportunity for Quebec to sign onto the Constitution as a full partner. In a 1992 essay for

1957: 1949: 1526: 1463: 1432: 1400: 1309: 1297: 1288:

a long-time friend of Lougheed crossing the floor from the Liberals to join his caucus in November 1969, and

1155: 1051: 926: 744: 740: 736: 728: 720: 712: 536: 529: 522: 515: 509: 1319: 1193:

which stated Lougheed was the only politician capable of having "an outside chance of challenging Manning".

10762: 9548: 9217: 8798: 8690: 5048: 4932: 4818: 4703: 4532: 4274: 3932: 3574: 3495: 3172: 3126: 2830: 2711: 2553: 2379: 2340: 2308: 1444: 1440: 934: 868: 864: 860:

fortune recovered in the 1940s with growing demand for accommodation in the family's real estate holdings.

732: 731:. Lougheed established a progressive conservative dynasty in the province that lasted until 2015, when the 1918: 10787: 10782: 10421: 9361: 9115: 8983: 8679: 2565: 2485:

His advocacy extended beyond provincial borders and was a driving force for Canadian premiers during the

1941: 1456: 905:, the University of Alberta student newspaper. While studying at the University of Alberta he joined the 628: 42: 9556: 2037: 1900: 1032: 1296:

joining the party in April 1971. This growth saw the Lougheed-led Progressive Conservatives enter the

708:

for two seasons in 1949 and 1950. After graduating, he entered business and practised law in Calgary.

10456: 9834: 9624: 9394: 9292: 8893: 8883: 8700: 8486: 8434: 8398: 3637: 3302: 2933: 2394: 2292: 2055: 2046: 589: 7209: 2256: 2044:, literary arts, and performing arts. As part of Alberta's 75th anniversary, the province sponsored 1253:. Yurko received 45.7 per cent of the vote compared to the Social Credit candidate's 40.3 per cent. 10566: 10519: 10501: 10368: 10363: 9855: 9704: 9644: 9325: 8663: 4722: 3670: 3268: 3204: 2751: 2470: 2188: 1985: 1930: 1922: 1839: 1416: 1344: 1315: 1285: 1237: 813: 693: 460: 9310: 1019:

board in 1963. However, in the early 1960s, Lougheed began to turn his attention toward politics.

10634: 10064: 10026: 9619: 9201: 9120: 8973: 8953: 5218: 2895: 2300: 2051: 1807: 1698: 1665: 1116: 901: 763: 759: 490: 470: 116: 2363:

described Lougheed as "one of the most remarkable Canadians of his generation." Alberta Premier

807: 688:, Peter was the son of Edgar Donald Lougheed and Edna Alexandria Bauld and grandson of Canadian 10667: 10586: 10481: 10107: 9986: 9252: 9242: 8998: 8626: 4551: 2786: 2501: 2495: 2465: 2275: 2207: 2063: 1835: 1783: 1773: 1678: 1504: 1468: 1407:

only 11 days before the legislature was dissolved. Other promises included the creation of the

778: 747:, winning landslide majorities each time, with vote tallies of 57 to 63 percent of votes cast. 1980:

knowledge of the dire financial situations of several Alberta-based businesses, including the

1871:

to gain access to elected officials in Congress during his initial trips to the U.S. Capital.

10011: 9946: 9709: 9649: 9634: 9237: 9140: 9135: 9089: 8574:

The Premier and His Grandmother: Peter Lougheed, Lady Belle, and the Legacy of Métis Identity

7841: 7707: 7700:

Jaremko, Gordon (June 28, 2006). "'You don't own the resource,' Lougheed told energy firms".

7643: 7618: 7593: 6123: 5761: 5543: 5334: 5292: 5067: 4951: 4837: 4684: 4570: 4201: 3972: 3568: 3166: 2824: 2587: 2328: 2200: 1968: 1448: 1277: 1159: 879: 785:. He sat on the boards of a variety of organizations and corporations. In a 2012 edition of 751: 750:

As premier, Lougheed furthered the development of the oil and gas resources, and started the

697: 567: 404: 342: 56: 10294: 8515: 8492: 8463: 8461:

Engelmann, Frederick C. (1992). "The Legislature". In Tupper, Allan; Gibbins, Roger (eds.).

8440: 8408: 1092:

by defeating Duncan McKillop, a lawyer, who had previously run as the party's candidate for

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department of culture dramatically rose from $ 280,000 in 1971 to $ 7.5 million by 1979.

1904: 1624: 1452: 1412: 1393: 1293: 1127:

and the Social Credit candidate. Despite the defeat, Lougheed saw it as a minor setback.

1093: 1046:. The party had not formed government since Alberta's founding in 1905, and under leader 973: 878:

After graduating from the Central Collegiate Institute in 1947, Lougheed enrolled at the

5695: 1631:

project. The major negotiations between the Government of Alberta and the consortium of

1085:, and Rod McDaniel, who took prominent positions in the Progressive Conservative Party. 948:

During his time as a student, Lougheed was also involved in football. He played for the

10687: 10629: 10491: 10319: 10304: 10284: 10274: 10259: 10183: 9961: 9784: 9583: 9282: 9277: 9272: 9257: 9222: 9160: 8715: 8705: 8640: 8551: 8546: 8372: 8367: 8302: 8225: 7065: 2579: 2406: 2164: 2131: 1831: 1803: 1756: 1742:

to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta in 1982. Furthermore, when Alberta Conservative

1735: 1640: 1584:

counter federal programs he viewed as threats and expand development in the oil sands.

1270: 1209: 1204:. The group of elected Conservatives known as the "original six" included Calgary MLAs 1012: 980: 872: 678: 632: 356: 72: 46: 10059: 2482:

resource revenue, growing from 35 per cent of revenue in 1973 to 51 per cent in 1979.

2152:

1985, sitting on the Canadian Alliance for Trade and Job Opportunities to promote the

2134:

had made fluency a prerequisite for any federal leadership candidate. Ontario Premier

1623:

The early 1970s brought the possibility of large-scale oil and gas exploration in the

1483:

original Progressive Conservative caucus from 1967 and later a longtime member of the

10619: 10279: 10236: 10150: 10127: 10001: 9926: 9921: 9814: 9804: 9714: 9659: 9579: 9150: 8888: 8619: 8577: 8558: 8522: 8499: 8470: 8447: 8415: 8379: 8346: 8336: 8329: 8313: 8286: 8271: 8255: 8236: 8159: 7809: 7773: 7734: 7675: 7261: 7219: 7183: 7072: 7030: 6726: 6452: 5032: 4129: 2542: 2296: 2215: 2196: 2036:

as a provincial holiday to celebrate cultural diversity, and Edmonton held its first

1764: 1535: 1484: 1358: 1180: 961: 821: 446: 225: 8821: 10692: 10644: 10604: 10446: 10406: 10396: 10332: 10246: 10178: 10021: 9996: 9981: 9729: 9374: 9247: 9110: 8938: 8863: 8720: 8147: 7638: 5734: 5357: 5329: 5287: 4207: 2595: 2517:

described Lougheed as "he was tough, but he was a gentleman". Former Calgary Mayor

2427: 2265: 2111: 2002: 1935: 1868: 1791: 1681:

and provided a $ 200 million loan. A legacy of the Syncrude deal was the growth of

1420: 1364: 1096:

in the 1963 election. The only other candidate, John Scott, a town councillor from

1016: 953: 910: 887: 883: 856: 836: 817: 701: 689: 685: 639: 573: 350: 346: 178: 111: 2514: 2375: 1874:

In 1979, Lougheed created the position of Minister of Foreign Trade and appointed

1813:

In late 1973, intergovernmental tensions were further inflamed in the wake of the

1661: 10639: 10609: 10576: 10545: 10416: 10373: 10337: 10226: 10198: 10168: 10158: 10097: 9951: 9664: 9428: 9410: 9384: 9175: 9145: 9023: 8978: 8963: 8923: 8918: 8908: 8903: 8873: 8829: 7845: 7711: 7661: 7647: 7622: 7597: 6127: 5765: 5547: 5338: 5296: 2561: 2423: 2184: 2099: 2016: 1981: 1964: 1892: 1883:

made a public acknowledgment of Lougheed's contribution to Canadian public life.

1814: 1799: 1723: 1601: 1512: 1385:

On September 10, 1971, Peter Lougheed was sworn in as Alberta's tenth premier by

1336: 1261: 1184: 1047: 624: 38: 10558: 2295:, agreed to require a majority of Quebec Senators approve legislation affecting 1779: 1372:

headline "It Is 'Now' for Lougheed; Stunning Alberta Upset Puts PC's in Power".

945:

described him as "gifted with the fine turn of speed" and "an elusive handful".

10649: 10540: 10509: 10496: 10476: 10466: 10401: 10327: 10221: 10216: 10188: 10163: 10132: 10044: 10031: 10006: 9976: 9966: 9794: 9749: 9734: 9609: 9453: 9422: 9191: 9165: 9018: 8780: 8755: 8725: 7962:"Lougheed motorcade to wend its way through Edmonton before heading to Calgary" 7836: 7702: 7613: 7588: 6118: 5756: 5563: 5538: 5312: 3461: 2901: 2552:

Lougheed was styled "The Honourable" for the duration of his membership in the

2509: 2431: 2419: 2390: 2371: 2364: 2360: 2336: 2332: 2248: 2140: 1989: 1880: 1722:, and federal Progressive Conservative Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources 1710: 1652: 1544: 1289: 1220:, and the party's only rural candidate and former federal Member of Parliament 1143: 1120: 1097: 1074: 1062: 960:

for two years, in 1949 and 1950. Lougheed's position with the Eskimos was as a

852: 829: 755: 25: 1830:

dubbed the "Gang of Eight", whose positions were largely created by Lougheed.

10746: 10718: 10708: 10700: 10682: 10677: 10662: 10599: 10532: 10486: 10471: 10451: 10431: 10411: 10378: 10309: 10264: 10251: 10208: 10203: 10137: 10117: 10016: 9991: 9913: 9844: 9839: 9824: 9819: 9739: 9719: 9379: 9369: 9125: 9048: 8993: 8988: 8933: 8913: 8898: 8868: 8810: 8770: 8695: 8350: 8163: 7813: 7777: 7738: 7726: 7679: 7265: 7223: 7187: 7060: 7034: 6730: 6456: 2792: 2546: 2518: 2436: 2397: 2349: 2008: 1963:

Late in his Premiership Lougheed oversaw the early stages of the collapse of

1864: 1739: 1682: 1607: 1556:

Response to "single out one item as your political legacy, what would it be?"

1508: 1491: 1472: 1389: 1250: 1124: 906: 825: 106: 9578: 7935:"Flags at half-mast, white roses at legislature for former premier Lougheed" 1672:, and the Alberta contingent led by Lougheed, Getty, Leitch and Dickie. The 1154:

Lougheed focused on building momentum for the next general election. In the

10571: 10514: 10391: 10358: 10350: 10345: 10173: 10145: 10112: 10074: 9908: 9903: 9799: 9789: 9774: 9769: 9754: 9694: 9674: 9639: 9629: 9614: 9477: 9465: 9459: 9287: 9043: 8968: 8775: 8765: 8760: 8403: 8273:

The Mantle of Leadership: Premiers of the Northwest Territories and Alberta

7804: 7768: 7670: 7214: 6721: 3938: 3501: 3132: 2717: 2327:

in 1995. In 2012, his health severely deteriorated and he was taken to the

2320: 2287: 2025: 1944: 1875: 1760: 1719: 1715: 1632: 1436: 1197: 1189: 237: 121: 93: 8186:"MLAs on board with renaming Calgary International Airport after Lougheed" 681:

from 1971 to 1985, presiding over a period of reform and economic growth.

10731: 10654: 10550: 10461: 10441: 10436: 10426: 10314: 10084: 10054: 9936: 9829: 9724: 9699: 9689: 9684: 9448: 9443: 9196: 9038: 9013: 9008: 8948: 8750: 8745: 8730: 8429: 8393: 4280: 3898: 2271: 2260: 2251:

was seen by observers as a difference-maker for her successful campaign.

2240: 2232: 2115: 1953: 1709:

Lougheed's battle with the National Energy Program corresponded with the

1636: 1568: 1564: 1539: 1245: 1221: 1213: 1112: 1111:

After becoming the party leader, Lougheed's first challenge was the 1966

1101: 1082: 1050:

had captured a mere 13 per cent of the vote and no seats in the previous

1036: 1008: 190: 136: 2594:, a residence hall at the University of Alberta, and Lougheed Avenue in 1481:

1985 Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta leadership election

10672: 10614: 10591: 10299: 10092: 9744: 9679: 9654: 9471: 9028: 9003: 8220: 2486: 2383: 2135: 2126:

Lougheed was also rumored to make the move to the federal party in the

1972: 1669: 1328: 848: 475: 334: 8648: 7636:

Thomson, Graham (September 15, 2012). "Lougheed a player to the end".

2069: 1615: 1119:

following the death of the eighteen-year Social Credit representative

10231: 10193: 10069: 9759: 9669: 9438: 9416: 9170: 8740: 8553:

Constitutional patriation : the Lougheed-Lévesque correspondence

8300:

Tupper, Allan (2004). "Peter Lougheed". In Bradford J. Rennie (ed.).

7277: 7275: 7237: 7029:. Vol. 28, no. 9. Institute for Research on Public Policy. 2401: 2344: 2090: 2082: 1743: 1648: 1487: 1217: 1205: 1176: 1105: 895: 148: 9885: 1895:

was created in Calgary, purchasing land from Lougheed's former boss

1647:

occurred in August 1973 and was led by Lougheed and Energy Minister

1027:

Lougheed's family history through his grandfather was rooted in the

9604: 9340: 8278: 5739: 1971:

on June 30, 1987, and six weeks later the Principal Group declared

1738:

which most visibly manifested itself in the election of separatist

1657: 1628: 1530:

members of caucus or the public to hold the government to account.

1167: 1000: 992: 465: 7272: 5731:

The Banff Winter Olympics: Sport, tourism, and Banff National Park

2489:

debates of the late-1970s and early-1980s. He is credited for the

840: 812:) (1901–1972) of Halifax. Lougheed's paternal grandfather was Sir 793:

named Lougheed the best Canadian premier of the last forty years.

8282: 8022:"Joe Clark: Lougheed built Canada by looking to Alberta's future" 7586:

Bergen, Bob (May 11, 1996). "Lougheed named Queen's chancellor".

7569: 7567: 7565: 7563: 7561: 7559: 7557: 7555: 7553: 2441: 2307:. While Lougheed did not support additional engrained rights for 2180: 1786:

served as prime minister for a majority of Lougheed's Premiership

1517: 1353: 1057: 802: 767: 269: 8152:"The Best Premier of the Last 40 Years: Lougheed in a landslide" 7071:. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart Ltd. pp. 152–153, 297. 1521:

series to produce a written record of debates on March 8, 1972.

1073:

had won every election since 1935. The party was led by Premier

673:; July 26, 1928 – September 13, 2012) was a Canadian lawyer and 4982: 4868: 4754: 4620: 4487: 2541:

In 1971 Lougheed was named honorary chief "Thunderbird" by the

2192: 2176: 976:

to Lawrence Rogers, a physician and Estelle Christena Gunston.

696:, a prominent Alberta businessman. Peter Lougheed attended the 10768:

Leaders of the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta

7550: 2545:, and later was named honorary chief "Crop Eared Wolf" by the 1069:

Lougheed's opposition and Alberta's incumbent government, the

654: 8227:

Alberta's Camelot: Culture and the Arts in the Lougheed Years

6317: 5893: 2449: 2400:

issued statements condoling his death. Former prime minister

2263:

and Alberta Premier Ralph Klein. In June 2006 interview with

1644: 996: 871:. At the Central Collegiate Institute, Lougheed founded the 648: 8557:. Kingston, Ont.: Institute of Intergovernmental Relations. 6608: 6606: 6604: 6602: 6600: 6560: 6558: 6340: 6338: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6307: 6305: 6303: 6261: 6259: 6257: 6255: 6253: 6223: 6221: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6023: 6021: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6013: 6011: 5883: 5881: 5879: 5777: 5775: 2319:

Lougheed had long been suffering from a heart condition and

1806:. Lougheed sought greater authority over natural resources, 1179:'s improbable victory over Social Credit Education Minister 8494:

Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs, 1982

8442:

Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs, 1979

8410:

Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs, 1975

7023:"How free trade came to Canada: lessons in policy analysis" 6933: 6502: 6500: 6398: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6367: 6365: 6278: 6276: 6274: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5106: 2367:

cut short her trip to Asia in order to attend his funeral.

2168: 2078: 941:

described Lougheed as a "speedy and elusive back", and the

8116: 8104: 7538: 7380: 7260:. Alberta. Inquiry Into the Principal Group of Companies. 7004: 7002: 6989: 6987: 6972: 6950: 6948: 6900: 6829: 6778: 5754:"Canada, Not Banff, Rejected By Olympic Group: Lougheed". 5650: 5648: 5646: 5644: 1104:

and Charles Arthur Clark, father of future prime minister

546:

Leader of the Progress Conservative Association of Alberta

8312:: Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. 8058: 8056: 8054: 7912:"Peter Lougheed will lie in state at Alberta legislature" 7145: 7143: 7141: 6923: 6921: 6919: 6917: 6915: 6890: 6888: 6886: 6873: 6871: 6846: 6844: 6768: 6766: 6764: 6762: 6749: 6747: 6597: 6555: 6543: 6350: 6329: 6300: 6250: 6212: 6008: 5972: 5876: 5772: 5495: 5460: 1714:

before his retirement Lougheed, British Columbia Premier

7861:"Former Alberta premier Peter Lougheed dies in hospital" 7470: 7409: 7407: 7392: 7370: 7368: 7343: 7341: 7326: 7292: 7290: 6521: 6519: 6517: 6515: 6497: 6408: 6389: 6377: 6362: 6288: 6271: 5916: 5914: 5912: 5910: 5908: 5830: 5828: 5826: 5824: 5493: 5491: 5489: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5475: 5310:"Tornadoes Chalk Up Second Shutout in Junior Football". 5141: 5103: 5091: 1818:

jurisdiction over resources was maintained. At the 1975

1694:

purchasing, and leases related to petroleum facilities.

1196:

Lougheed was subsequently elected to the legislature in

1065:

became Alberta's premier, a position he held until 1968.

863:

Lougheed attended several schools in Calgary, including

727:

and ending the dynasty which had governed Alberta since

7516: 7514: 7501: 7499: 7497: 7104: 7102: 7100: 6999: 6984: 6960: 6945: 6856: 6795: 6793: 6240: 6238: 6236: 6178: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6170: 6168: 5641: 5438: 5436: 5434: 5131: 5129: 5127: 2448:

reflected Alberta's increasing diversity. He lamented "

2339:

from September 17 to 18 inside the main rotunda of the

8128: 8092: 8080: 8068: 8051: 7448: 7446: 7138: 6912: 6883: 6868: 6841: 6759: 6744: 6686: 6684: 6659: 6657: 6575: 6573: 6475: 6473: 1567:, a doctor, was appointed minister of agriculture and 1090:

Progressive Conservative Party's leadership convention

890:

in 1952. Lougheed was elected as the president of the

8851: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7987: 7431: 7419: 7404: 7365: 7353: 7338: 7314: 7302: 7287: 6585: 6512: 6153: 6057: 5962: 5960: 5958: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5905: 5821: 5811: 5809: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5629: 5605: 5595: 5593: 5580: 5578: 5576: 5574: 5472: 5407: 2564:(postnominal: "CC"), and in 1989 he was named to the 2529:

a magazine published by the public policy think tank

1497: 719:, then elected as Premier with 49 of 75 seats in the 666: 10773:

Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta MLAs

8039: 7999:"Peter Lougheed's death stirs emotions of Canadians" 7757: 7755: 7526: 7511: 7494: 7482: 7458: 7155: 7126: 7114: 7097: 7085: 7041: 6817: 6805: 6790: 6233: 6200: 6188: 6165: 5431: 5419: 5395: 5242: 5240: 5238: 5236: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5124: 657: 645: 8512: 7443: 7281: 7243: 6696: 6681: 6669: 6654: 6642: 6630: 6618: 6570: 6531: 6485: 6470: 6420: 2070:

Relationship with federal Progressive Conservatives

801:Edgar Peter Lougheed was born on July 26, 1928, in 651: 642: 8550: 8514: 8491: 8485: 8462: 8439: 8433: 8407: 8397: 8371: 8328: 8301: 8270: 8224: 7984: 7182:. Vol. 96, no. 51. Calgary. p. 30. 7064: 6141: 6093: 6081: 6069: 6045: 6033: 5996: 5984: 5955: 5943: 5926: 5864: 5852: 5840: 5806: 5787: 5710: 5672: 5660: 5617: 5590: 5571: 5517: 5505: 5448: 5285:"T. Miller Elected Head Varsity Students' Union". 3805: 2343:. The national and provincial flags were flown at 1899:, and later in 1977 Lougheed's government created 1088:In March 1965, Lougheed emerged victorious in the 7887:"Former premier will lie in state at legislature" 7752: 5233: 5183: 2418:Jeanne and Peter Lougheed were often compared to 2237:2006 Progressive Conservative leadership election 2158:Calgary Olympic Winter Games Organizing Committee 2128:1983 Progressive Conservative leadership election 1824:Harmony in Diversity: A New Federalism for Canada 10744: 8544: 2598:. After his death proposals were made to rename 1697:In 1980, the Trudeau government implemented the 867:, Earl Grey School, Rideau Park School, and the 9343:Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta 1750: 1368:claiming "PC's Pull Off Socred Upset", and the 10828:Members of the King's Privy Council for Canada 7772:. Vol. 105, no. 42. pp. 28–30. 7218:. Vol. 101, no. 40. pp. 36–38. 1660:with negotiations including federal ministers 1187:. Other media began to take notice, including 1138:, which was the eventual runner up bid in the 85:September 10, 1971 – November 1, 1985 10798:Chancellors of Queen's University at Kingston 9871: 9564: 9326: 9075: 8837: 8664: 6725:. Vol. 95, no. 19. pp. 35–36. 2119:described his reason for not making the move 832:governments, and pioneer lawyer in Calgary. 762:government over its 1980 introduction of the 597: 8269:Perry, Sandra E.; Craig, Jessica J. (2006). 8158:. Vol. 33, no. 6. pp. 13–17. 156:Leader of the Official Opposition in Alberta 10843:University of Alberta Faculty of Law alumni 10823:Members of the Executive Council of Alberta 5733:(Thesis). Edmonton: University of Alberta. 5684: 2556:from 1971 to 1986. When he was appointed a 2239:, Lougheed endorsed the eventual runner-up 1929:In 1974, the Lougheed government purchased 1231: 168:February 15, 1968 – April 27, 1971 10818:Members of the Alberta Order of Excellence 9878: 9864: 9571: 9557: 9333: 9319: 9082: 9068: 8844: 8830: 8671: 8657: 8374:Forging Alberta's Constitutional Framework 8268: 8212: 8122: 7808:. Vol. 105, no. 17. p. 40. 7674:. Vol. 108, no. 34. p. 32. 7573: 7544: 6978: 6906: 6835: 6784: 6612: 6549: 6356: 6344: 6323: 6311: 6265: 6227: 6027: 5978: 5899: 5887: 5781: 5692:"Summary of Results for Past By-Elections" 5162:Who's Who in Federal Politics from Alberta 5147: 5118: 5097: 1834:were submitted to the Court of Appeals in 1689:control over natural gas pricing with the 604: 590: 55: 8571: 8521:. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press. 8483: 8469:. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press. 8460: 8378:. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press. 8304:Alberta Premiers of the Twentieth Century 8183: 8146: 6506: 6414: 6402: 6383: 6371: 6294: 6282: 5738: 5174: 2359:In response to his death, Prime Minister 2231:changed after the resignation of Premier 2154:Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement 1861:Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement 1619:Minesite at Syncrude's Mildred Lake plant 1022: 215:May 23, 1967 – February 28, 1986 8498:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 8446:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 8414:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 7858: 7761: 6438: 5728: 5205: 5203: 4997: 4966: 4883: 4852: 4769: 4738: 4635: 4604: 4502: 4471: 3819: 3816: 2281:Lougheed was a staunch supporter of the 2225: 2089:Starting in 1965, future prime minister 2077: 1917: 1849:unilateral patriation was constitutional 1778: 1614: 1303: 1149: 1056: 1042:Instead, he turned his attention to the 920: 8678: 8366: 8184:Schneider, Katie (September 14, 2012). 7932: 7699: 7635: 7173: 7059: 7008: 6993: 6966: 6954: 6939: 6862: 6717:"Alsands: the demise of a mega-project" 2531:Institute for Research on Public Policy 2352:was held on September 21, 2012, at the 1910: 1511:spoke extensively of the principles of 909:fraternity, served as president and in 791:Institute for Research on Public Policy 10793:Canadian people of Anglo-Irish descent 10745: 8299: 8249: 8219: 8134: 8110: 8098: 8086: 8074: 8062: 8045: 7959: 7884: 7833: 7800:"Lougheed's brave plan to save Canada" 7797: 7660: 7585: 7437: 7425: 7413: 7398: 7386: 7374: 7359: 7347: 7332: 7320: 7308: 7296: 7174:Steward, Gillian (December 19, 1983). 7149: 6927: 6894: 6877: 6850: 6772: 6753: 6714: 6591: 6564: 6525: 6159: 5920: 5834: 5654: 5611: 5536:"Lougheed Elected Q-Back Club Prexy". 5499: 5466: 5442: 5425: 5401: 5135: 3811: 3808: 1375: 958:Western Interprovincial Football Union 777:From 1996 to 2002, Lougheed served as 706:Western Interprovincial Football Union 10838:Alberta Golden Bears football players 10778:Canadian football people from Calgary 9859: 9552: 9314: 9063: 8825: 8652: 8428: 8392: 8140: 8019: 7724: 7207: 7020: 6244: 6206: 6194: 6182: 5200: 4343:Independent Progressive Conservative 4074: 3606:Independent Progressive Conservative 3368: 2999: 2624: 2199:. Lougheed was named a member of the 1886: 806: 8326: 7960:Kleiss, Karen (September 17, 2012). 7933:Bennett, Dean (September 14, 2012). 7885:Kleiss, Karen (September 15, 2012). 7762:Lougheed, Peter (October 19, 1992). 7666:"A warning shot from Peter Lougheed" 7532: 7520: 7505: 7488: 7476: 7464: 7452: 7255: 7161: 7132: 7120: 7108: 7091: 7047: 6823: 6811: 6799: 6702: 6690: 6675: 6663: 6648: 6636: 6624: 6579: 6537: 6491: 6479: 6441:"A conversation with Peter Lougheed" 6426: 6147: 6111: 6099: 6087: 6075: 6063: 6051: 6039: 6002: 5990: 5966: 5949: 5937: 5870: 5858: 5846: 5815: 5800: 5716: 5678: 5666: 5635: 5623: 5599: 5584: 5523: 5511: 5454: 5413: 5260:"List of Students' Union presidents" 5246: 5194: 2592:Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity 2464:and the creation of the state-owned 2335:at age 84 on September 13. His body 2314: 2014:Canadian Parliamentary Poet Laureate 2012:, and rural-based 4-H clubs. Future 1668:, Ontario contingent led by Premier 1380: 1044:provincial Progressive Conservatives 991:in New York City, and a summer with 16:Premier of Alberta from 1971 to 1985 8285:: Legislative Assembly of Alberta. 7798:Newman, Peter C. (April 27, 1992). 5694:. Elections Alberta. Archived from 2605: 2479:Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund 2354:Southern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium 1409:Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund 1224:. Following the 1967 election, the 677:politician who served as the tenth 456:Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund 13: 9090:Chancellors and Principals of the 8537: 8517:Government and Politics in Alberta 8465:Government and Politics in Alberta 7840:. The Canadian Press. p. A1. 7208:Howse, John (September 26, 1988). 5159: 2610: 1854: 1578: 1498:Alberta Legislature and governance 950:University of Alberta Golden Bears 927:Alberta Golden Bears football team 925:Peter Lougheed as a member of the 916: 14: 10854: 10813:Companions of the Order of Canada 8853:Alberta leaders of the opposition 8592: 8020:Clark, Joe (September 14, 2012). 7865:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 7617:. November 20, 2006. p. A4. 7282:Tupper, Pratt & Urquhart 1992 7244:Tupper, Pratt & Urquhart 1992 7067:The Washington Diaries, 1981–1989 4374:Liberal/Progressive Conservative 2259:, both targeting Ontario Premier 2220:Pierre Elliott Trudeau Foundation 1691:Natural Gas Pricing Agreement Act 985:Master of Business Administration 851:. Although James Lougheed's home 8804: 8794: 8793: 8572:MacKinnon, Doris Jeanne (2023). 8177: 8013: 7953: 7926: 7904: 7878: 7852: 7827: 7791: 7718: 7693: 7654: 7629: 7604: 7579: 7249: 7201: 7167: 7053: 7014: 6715:Zwarun, Suzanne (May 10, 1982). 6708: 6439:Lougheed, Peter (June 1, 2012). 5542:. January 19, 1956. p. 32. 5316:. September 6, 1947. p. 23. 5175:Mackinnon, Doris Jeanne (2023). 4069:1967 Alberta provincial election 3800:1971 Alberta provincial election 3363:1975 Alberta provincial election 2994:1979 Alberta provincial election 2619:1982 Alberta provincial election 2469:market, such as the purchase of 967: 875:and became its first president. 638: 403: 382: 8603:Legislative Assembly of Alberta 8207: 7859:CBC News (September 13, 2012). 7725:Pratt, Sheila (March 1, 2007). 6432: 6105: 5747: 5722: 5567:. November 7, 1963. p. 17. 5554: 5529: 5373: 5345: 5333:. August 13, 1949. p. 12. 5327:"He's Sharp, And He Can Move". 5320: 5303: 5278: 5252: 5177:The Premier and His Grandmother 2206:In 1996 Lougheed was appointed 1140:International Olympic Committee 1017:Calgary Stampede and Exhibition 315: 199:Legislative Assembly of Alberta 10808:Harvard Business School alumni 9131:James Armstrong Richardson Sr. 9092:Queen's University at Kingston 8001:. CBC News. September 13, 2012 7914:. CTV News. September 15, 2012 5729:Williams, Cheryl (Fall 2011). 5291:. March 10, 1949. p. 13. 5264:University of Alberta calendar 5168: 5153: 4092: 4073: 3823: 3804: 3386: 3367: 3017: 2998: 2642: 2623: 2584:Peter Lougheed Provincial Park 2404:wrote a special commentary in 2032:In 1974, the province created 563:Peter Lougheed Provincial Park 556:Legacy and cultural references 476:Patriation of the Constitution 438:Premier of Alberta (1971–1985) 1: 9888:Canadian Medical Hall of Fame 8335:. Toronto: Key Porter Books. 7176:"Alberta gives up an airline" 6112:Hull, Ken (August 31, 1971). 5084: 4969:1967 Alberta general election 4855:1971 Alberta general election 4741:1975 Alberta general election 4607:1979 Alberta general election 4474:1982 Alberta general election 2600:Calgary International Airport 2573:Canadian Medical Hall of Fame 2146: 2098:, losing a close election to 1958:1982 Alberta general election 1950:Calgary International Airport 1551:"Attracting good candidates." 1310:1971 Alberta general election 796: 8799:Category:Premiers of Alberta 8254:. McClelland & Stewart. 7611:"Lougheed backing Dinning". 5353:"Eskimos Sign 3 Local Stars" 4114: 4111: 4108: 4105: 4098: 4093: 3845: 3842: 3839: 3836: 3829: 3824: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3392: 3387: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3023: 3018: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2648: 2643: 2554:Executive Council of Alberta 2386:the Canadian constitution), 2341:Alberta Legislature Building 2331:in Calgary where he died of 2247:, Lougheed's endorsement of 2054:, and Calgary's bid for the 1751:Federal-provincial relations 1591:— Peter Lougheed, 1554:— Peter Lougheed, 1039:held little appeal for him. 869:Central Collegiate Institute 839:(1831–1889), Canada's first 7: 10727:Marie-Marguerite d'Youville 8252:Peter Lougheed: A Biography 5561:"Matthews Heads Stampede". 5179:. Heritage. pp. 45–46. 5077: 5074: 5058: 5055: 5039: 5036: 5018: 5015: 4961: 4958: 4942: 4939: 4923: 4920: 4904: 4901: 4847: 4844: 4828: 4825: 4809: 4806: 4790: 4787: 4733: 4730: 4713: 4710: 4694: 4691: 4675: 4672: 4656: 4653: 4599: 4596: 4580: 4577: 4561: 4558: 4542: 4539: 4523: 4520: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4443: 4440: 4437: 4427: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4387: 4384: 4381: 4378: 4365: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4334: 4331: 4328: 4325: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4303: 4300: 4297: 4294: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4265: 4262: 4259: 4256: 4251: 4248: 4245: 4232: 4229: 4226: 4223: 4218: 4215: 4212: 4192: 4189: 4186: 4183: 4178: 4175: 4172: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4145: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4057: 4054: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3963: 3960: 3957: 3954: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3869: 3866: 3863: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3725: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3652: 3649: 3646: 3643: 3628: 3625: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3613: 3610: 3597: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3559: 3556: 3553: 3550: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3526: 3523: 3520: 3517: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3486: 3483: 3480: 3477: 3472: 3469: 3466: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3437: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3326: 3323: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3284: 3281: 3278: 3275: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3177: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3143: 3140: 3137: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3063: 3060: 3057: 2982: 2979: 2976: 2973: 2970: 2967: 2957: 2954: 2951: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2909: 2906: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2874: 2871: 2868: 2853: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2815: 2812: 2809: 2806: 2803: 2800: 2797: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2693: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2566:Alberta Order of Excellence 2487:constitutional repatriation 2369:Alberta's opposition leader 2303:from Quebec and trained in 2299:, and three members of the 2132:Quebec nationalist movement 1820:First Ministers' conference 1292:independent representative 10: 10859: 7968:. Edmonton. Archived from 6114:"It is 'Now' for Lougheed" 5760:. May 2, 1966. p. 1. 4992: 4987: 4878: 4873: 4764: 4759: 4630: 4625: 4497: 4492: 4405:Independent Social Credit 4067: 3798: 3535:Independent Social Credit 3361: 2992: 2617: 2580:Kananaskis Provincial Park 2536: 2297:French language or culture 2175:, Princeton Developments, 2163:Lougheed was named to the 1995: 1901:Kananaskis Provincial Park 1392:. Lougheed was set with a 1307: 1236:On February 15, 1968, the 1033:House of Commons of Canada 865:Strathcona School for Boys 10457:Jonathan Campbell Meakins 9894: 9594: 9486: 9350: 9301: 9184: 9098: 8859: 8789: 8686: 8637: 8624: 8616: 8611: 8484:McCormick, Peter (1984). 7256:Code, William E. (1989). 7021:Staff (October 1, 2007). 5361:. May 3, 1950. p. 13 4978: 4864: 4750: 4616: 4483: 4464: 4432: 4088: 4085: 4080: 4077: 4037: 3768: 3382: 3379: 3374: 3371: 3331: 3237:Independent Conservative 3013: 3010: 3005: 3002: 2962: 2638: 2635: 2630: 2627: 2413: 2388:federal opposition leader 2056:1988 Winter Olympic Games 2047:The Canadian Encyclopedia 1641:Atlantic Richfield Canada 937:. A sports writer of the 390: 378: 370: 333: 325: 302: 292: 276: 252: 247: 243: 231: 219: 208: 196: 184: 172: 161: 154: 142: 130: 99: 89: 78: 70: 66: 54: 23: 10833:Politicians from Calgary 10567:Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg 10502:William Thornton Mustard 10369:Charles Philippe Leblond 8490:. In Byers, R.B. (ed.). 8438:. In Byers, R.B. (ed.). 8359: 5009:Progressive Conservative 4895:Progressive Conservative 4781:Progressive Conservative 4647:Progressive Conservative 4514:Progressive Conservative 4164:Progressive Conservative 3855:Progressive Conservative 3735:Constitutional Socialist 3418:Progressive Conservative 3049:Progressive Conservative 2674:Progressive Conservative 2493:and introduction of the 2471:Pacific Western Airlines 2450:professional politicians 2374:, former prime minister 2329:hospital named after him 2189:Canadian Pacific Railway 1986:Canadian Commercial Bank 1931:Pacific Western Airlines 1923:Pacific Western Airlines 1897:Frederick Charles Mannix 1417:Pacific Western Airlines 1345:17th Alberta Legislature 1238:16th Alberta Legislature 1232:Leader of the Opposition 1202:Leader of the Opposition 814:James Alexander Lougheed 713:1967 provincial election 694:James Alexander Lougheed 675:Progressive Conservative 550:1965 leadership election 461:Pacific Western Airlines 412:This article is part of 297:Progressive Conservative 288:Calgary, Alberta, Canada 10065:William Arthur Cochrane 9121:Edward Wentworth Beatty 8327:Wood, David G. (1985). 8213:Biographies of Lougheed 7939:The Winnipeg Free Press 5266:. University of Alberta 2896:Alberta Reform Movement 2382:during negotiations to 2301:Supreme Court of Canada 2052:1978 Commonwealth Games 1718:, Saskatchewan Premier 1699:National Energy Program 1318:was prorogued, and was 1314:On April 27, 1971, the 1117:Pincher Creek-Crowsnest 1015:football club, and the 764:National Energy Program 491:1978 Commonwealth Games 471:National Energy Program 117:Frank C. Lynch-Staunton 10668:Lucille Teasdale-Corti 10482:Frederick Montizambert 9987:Wilfred Gordon Bigelow 9243:Robert Charles Wallace 8123:Perry & Craig 2006 7574:Perry & Craig 2006 7545:Perry & Craig 2006 6979:Perry & Craig 2006 6907:Perry & Craig 2006 6836:Perry & Craig 2006 6785:Perry & Craig 2006 6613:Perry & Craig 2006 6550:Perry & Craig 2006 6357:Perry & Craig 2006 6345:Perry & Craig 2006 6324:Perry & Craig 2006 6312:Perry & Craig 2006 6266:Perry & Craig 2006 6228:Perry & Craig 2006 6028:Perry & Craig 2006 5979:Perry & Craig 2006 5900:Perry & Craig 2006 5888:Perry & Craig 2006 5782:Perry & Craig 2006 5148:Perry & Craig 2006 5119:Perry & Craig 2006 5098:Perry & Craig 2006 2787:Western Canada Concept 2568:(postnominal: "AOE"). 2508:Former prime minister 2502:Constitution Act, 1982 2496:notwithstanding clause 2466:Alberta Energy Company 2444:for arts in Alberta". 2276:Alberta Royalty Review 2086: 2064:Alberta Ballet Company 1926: 1787: 1784:Pierre Elliott Trudeau 1774:notwithstanding clause 1679:Alberta Energy Company 1620: 1597: 1560: 1525:funded programs using 1507:, Lieutenant Governor 1505:Speech from the Throne 1469:Western Canada Concept 1066: 1023:Early political career 962:punt return specialist 930: 481:notwithstanding clause 61:Peter Lougheed in 1983 10803:Edmonton Elks players 9248:W. A. Mackintosh 9238:William Hamilton Fyfe 9141:John Bertram Stirling 9136:Charles Avery Dunning 8250:Hustak, Alan (1979). 5698:on September 27, 2007 2588:Peter Lougheed Centre 2325:triple bypass surgery 2257:early 1990s recession 2226:Political involvement 2201:Trilateral Commission 2081: 1921: 1782: 1763:who helped transform 1645:Canada-Cities Service 1618: 1586: 1549: 1399:In the leadup to the 1331:from 21 to 18 years. 1304:1971 general election 1212:; Edmonton area MLAs 1150:1967 Alberta election 1060: 924: 880:University of Alberta 752:Alberta Heritage Fund 715:as the leader of the 698:University of Alberta 568:Peter Lougheed Centre 343:University of Alberta 10625:F. Estelle R. Simons 10123:Charles George Drake 10050:Harvey Max Chochinov 9489:Leadership elections 9268:David Chadwick Smith 9263:Ronald Lampman Watts 9111:Sir Sandford Fleming 8310:Regina, Saskatchewan 8233:Lone Pine Publishing 7966:The Edmonton Journal 7941:. The Canadian Press 7891:The Edmonton Journal 7210:"A widening scandal" 3703:Independent Liberal 2283:Charlottetown Accord 2245:2011 leadership race 2173:Royal Bank of Canada 1911:Economic development 1441:New Democratic Party 1300:with 10 incumbents. 1298:August 1971 election 1280:in the October 1969 1136:1972 Winter Olympics 989:Chase Manhattan Bank 772:1988 Winter Olympics 733:New Democratic Party 617:Edgar Peter Lougheed 576:(electoral district) 496:1988 Winter Olympics 257:Edgar Peter Lougheed 10763:Premiers of Alberta 10582:Jean-Lucien Rouleau 10270:Emmett Matthew Hall 10080:Douglas Harold Copp 9942:Charles Thomas Beer 9932:Henry J. M. Barnett 9886:Inductees into the 9233:Robert Bruce Taylor 9228:Daniel Miner Gordon 8680:Premiers of Alberta 8368:Behiels, Michael D. 8331:The Lougheed legacy 8113:, pp. 222–223. 7972:on October 17, 2015 7664:(August 21, 1995). 7576:, pp. 543–544. 7479:, pp. 198–199. 7389:, pp. 118–119. 6942:, pp. 412–413. 6567:, pp. 213–214. 6326:, pp. 566–567. 5902:, pp. 496–497. 5469:, pp. 205–206. 3093:Robert Curtis Clark 2462:Athabasca oil sands 2410:praising Lougheed. 2380:Minister of Justice 2321:high blood pressure 2305:Quebec's civil code 2181:CFCN Communications 1905:Clarence Copithorne 1832:Reference questions 1625:Athabasca oil sands 1457:Social Credit Party 1413:1970s energy crisis 1394:majority government 1387:Lieutenant Governor 1376:Premier (1971–1985) 1325:Age of Majority Act 1294:Clarence Copithorne 1094:Calgary Queens Park 974:Forestburg, Alberta 894:in 1951, defeating 770:'s bid to host the 725:Social Credit Party 717:Official Opposition 451:Policies and events 100:Lieutenant Governor 10788:Lawyers in Alberta 10783:Canadian Anglicans 10688:Sir Charles Tupper 10630:Duncan G. Sinclair 10492:Thomas John Murray 10320:Charles B. Huggins 10305:Charles Hollenberg 10285:Donald Olding Hebb 10275:Judith Goslin Hall 10260:Vladimir Hachinski 10184:John G. FitzGerald 9962:Michel G. Bergeron 9785:David John Russell 9584:Premier of Alberta 9303:* indicates acting 9283:Thomas R. Williams 9278:Karen R. Hitchcock 9273:William C. Leggett 9258:John James Deutsch 9223:George Monro Grant 9161:A. Charles Baillie 8641:A. Charles Baillie 8631:Queen's University 8576:. Heritage House. 8026:The Globe and Mail 5215:Queen's University 4594:Leonard Petterson 2407:The Globe and Mail 2309:Indigenous persons 2212:Queen's University 2165:board of directors 2087: 1927: 1887:Environment policy 1788: 1757:Michael D. Behiels 1736:Alberta separatism 1674:Winnipeg Agreement 1621: 1405:Winnipeg Agreement 1271:Westminster system 1262:prepared questions 1067: 1029:Conservative Party 1013:Calgary Stampeders 981:Harvard University 952:and later for the 931: 882:where he earned a 783:Queen's University 679:premier of Alberta 357:Harvard University 281:September 13, 2012 73:Premier of Alberta 10740: 10739: 10620:Louis Siminovitch 10280:Michael R. Hayden 10237:Richard Goldbloom 10151:John Robert Evans 10128:Daniel J. Drucker 10002:Adolfo J. de Bold 9927:Frederick Banting 9922:Elizabeth Bagshaw 9853: 9852: 9815:George Topolnisky 9805:Donald H. Sparrow 9660:LeRoy Fjordbotten 9589:(1971–1985) 9546: 9545: 9308: 9307: 9218:William Snodgrass 9151:Agnes Benidickson 9126:Sir Robert Borden 9057: 9056: 8819: 8818: 8811:Canada portal 8647: 8646: 8638:Succeeded by 8620:Agnes Benidickson 8612:Academic offices 8599:E. Peter Lougheed 8583:978-1-77203-459-2 8564:978-0-88911-833-1 8545:Lougheed, Peter; 8528:978-0-88864-243-1 8505:978-1-4426-7196-6 8476:978-0-88864-243-1 8453:978-1-4426-7193-5 8421:978-1-4426-7189-8 8385:978-0-88864-457-2 8342:978-0-919493-48-3 8319:978-0-88977-151-2 8261:978-0-7710-4299-7 8242:978-1-55105-393-6 8148:MacDonald, L. Ian 7401:, pp. 80–82. 7335:, pp. 35–36. 7246:, pp. 36–37. 6066:, pp. 74–75. 5657:, pp. 68–69. 5638:, pp. 40–41. 5416:, pp. 32–33. 5164:. pp. 24–25. 5082: 5081: 5033:Donald S. Fleming 4670:Frank Cottingham 4462: 4461: 4130:Ernest C. Manning 2323:which required a 2315:Illness and death 2216:Agnes Benidickson 2197:Iroquois Pipeline 2121:federally in 1976 2038:Heritage Festival 1765:John A. Macdonald 1381:Electoral history 1354:traditional elite 1181:Randolph McKinnon 1156:May 1967 election 614: 613: 429: 428: 394: 393: 272:, Alberta, Canada 226:Donald S. Fleming 10850: 10693:D. Lorne Tyrrell 10645:Bette Stephenson 10605:Robert B. Salter 10528:Annette O'Connor 10447:Joseph B. Martin 10407:Walter Mackenzie 10397:Ernest McCulloch 10333:David J. Jenkins 10247:Wilfred Grenfell 10179:C. Miller Fisher 10103:Thomas A. Dignan 10022:G. Malcolm Brown 9997:Stephen Blizzard 9982:John Bienenstock 9957:Philip B. Berger 9880: 9873: 9866: 9857: 9856: 9730:Mary LeMessurier 9573: 9566: 9559: 9550: 9549: 9490: 9354: 9344: 9335: 9328: 9321: 9312: 9311: 9084: 9077: 9070: 9061: 9060: 8846: 8839: 8832: 8823: 8822: 8809: 8808: 8807: 8797: 8796: 8673: 8666: 8659: 8650: 8649: 8617:Preceded by 8609: 8608: 8587: 8568: 8556: 8532: 8520: 8509: 8497: 8489: 8480: 8468: 8457: 8445: 8437: 8425: 8413: 8401: 8389: 8377: 8354: 8334: 8323: 8307: 8296: 8276: 8265: 8246: 8230: 8201: 8200: 8198: 8196: 8181: 8175: 8174: 8172: 8170: 8150:(June 1, 2012). 8144: 8138: 8132: 8126: 8120: 8114: 8108: 8102: 8096: 8090: 8084: 8078: 8072: 8066: 8060: 8049: 8043: 8037: 8036: 8034: 8032: 8017: 8011: 8010: 8008: 8006: 7995: 7982: 7981: 7979: 7977: 7957: 7951: 7950: 7948: 7946: 7930: 7924: 7923: 7921: 7919: 7908: 7902: 7901: 7899: 7897: 7882: 7876: 7875: 7873: 7871: 7856: 7850: 7849: 7831: 7825: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7795: 7789: 7788: 7786: 7784: 7759: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7745: 7722: 7716: 7715: 7697: 7691: 7690: 7688: 7686: 7662:Newman, Peter C. 7658: 7652: 7651: 7639:Edmonton Journal 7633: 7627: 7626: 7608: 7602: 7601: 7583: 7577: 7571: 7548: 7542: 7536: 7530: 7524: 7518: 7509: 7503: 7492: 7486: 7480: 7474: 7468: 7462: 7456: 7450: 7441: 7435: 7429: 7423: 7417: 7411: 7402: 7396: 7390: 7384: 7378: 7372: 7363: 7357: 7351: 7345: 7336: 7330: 7324: 7318: 7312: 7306: 7300: 7294: 7285: 7279: 7270: 7269: 7253: 7247: 7241: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7205: 7199: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7171: 7165: 7159: 7153: 7147: 7136: 7130: 7124: 7118: 7112: 7106: 7095: 7089: 7083: 7082: 7070: 7057: 7051: 7045: 7039: 7038: 7018: 7012: 7006: 6997: 6991: 6982: 6976: 6970: 6964: 6958: 6952: 6943: 6937: 6931: 6925: 6910: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6881: 6875: 6866: 6860: 6854: 6848: 6839: 6833: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6809: 6803: 6797: 6788: 6782: 6776: 6770: 6757: 6751: 6742: 6741: 6739: 6737: 6712: 6706: 6700: 6694: 6688: 6679: 6673: 6667: 6661: 6652: 6646: 6640: 6634: 6628: 6622: 6616: 6610: 6595: 6589: 6583: 6577: 6568: 6562: 6553: 6547: 6541: 6535: 6529: 6523: 6510: 6504: 6495: 6489: 6483: 6477: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6463: 6436: 6430: 6424: 6418: 6412: 6406: 6400: 6387: 6381: 6375: 6369: 6360: 6354: 6348: 6342: 6327: 6321: 6315: 6309: 6298: 6292: 6286: 6280: 6269: 6263: 6248: 6242: 6231: 6225: 6210: 6204: 6198: 6192: 6186: 6180: 6163: 6157: 6151: 6145: 6139: 6138: 6136: 6134: 6109: 6103: 6097: 6091: 6085: 6079: 6073: 6067: 6061: 6055: 6049: 6043: 6037: 6031: 6025: 6006: 6000: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5964: 5953: 5947: 5941: 5935: 5924: 5918: 5903: 5897: 5891: 5885: 5874: 5868: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5844: 5838: 5832: 5819: 5813: 5804: 5798: 5785: 5779: 5770: 5769: 5751: 5745: 5744: 5742: 5726: 5720: 5714: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5652: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5588: 5582: 5569: 5568: 5558: 5552: 5551: 5533: 5527: 5521: 5515: 5509: 5503: 5497: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5440: 5429: 5423: 5417: 5411: 5405: 5399: 5393: 5392: 5390: 5388: 5381:"Peter Lougheed" 5377: 5371: 5370: 5368: 5366: 5358:Edmonton Journal 5349: 5343: 5342: 5330:Edmonton Journal 5324: 5318: 5317: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5288:Edmonton Journal 5282: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5271: 5256: 5250: 5244: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5217:. Archived from 5211:"Peter Lougheed" 5207: 5198: 5192: 5181: 5180: 5172: 5166: 5165: 5157: 5151: 5145: 5139: 5133: 5122: 5116: 5101: 5095: 5072:Natalie Chapman 4956:Brian Stevenson 4469: 4468: 4208:Michael Maccagno 2615: 2614: 2606:Electoral record 2596:Heisler, Alberta 2558:privy councillor 2491:amending formula 2454:decentralization 2293:House of Commons 2266:Edmonton Journal 2112:Robert Stanfield 2104:1979 federal bid 2003:Calgary Stampede 1936:British Columbia 1869:Henry M. Jackson 1792:Victoria Charter 1769:amending formula 1666:Donald Macdonald 1595: 1558: 1527:special warrants 1485:Lougheed cabinet 1421:Order-in-Council 1365:Calgary Albertan 1316:16th Legislature 1226:Edmonton Journal 1173:Edmonton Journal 954:Edmonton Eskimos 943:Edmonton Journal 913:for four years. 911:Rutherford House 888:Bachelor of Laws 884:Bachelor of Arts 857:Great Depression 837:Richard Hardisty 822:cabinet minister 811: 723:, defeating the 702:Edmonton Eskimos 686:Calgary, Alberta 669: 664: 663: 660: 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 635: 606: 599: 592: 577: 574:Calgary-Lougheed 425: 424: 422: 415: 407: 400: 399: 396: 395: 386: 319: 317: 286: 284: 266: 264: 248:Personal details 234: 222: 213: 187: 179:Michael Maccagno 175: 166: 145: 133: 112:Ralph Steinhauer 83: 59: 49: 21: 20: 10858: 10857: 10853: 10852: 10851: 10849: 10848: 10847: 10743: 10742: 10741: 10736: 10640:Nahum Sonenberg 10610:Charles Scriver 10577:Noralou P. Roos 10546:Wilder Penfield 10417:David MacLennan 10374:Maurice LeClair 10338:Harold E. Johns 10295:Félix d'Herelle 10227:Gustave Gingras 10199:Armand Frappier 10169:William Feindel 10159:Ray Farquharson 10098:Naranjan Dhalla 10060:Michel Chrétien 10040:Elaine A. Carty 9952:Bernard Belleau 9890: 9884: 9854: 9849: 9665:James L. Foster 9601: 9590: 9577: 9547: 9542: 9488: 9482: 9352: 9346: 9342: 9339: 9309: 9304: 9297: 9180: 9176:Murray Sinclair 9146:Roland Michener 9094: 9088: 9058: 9053: 8855: 8850: 8820: 8815: 8805: 8803: 8785: 8682: 8677: 8643: 8634: 8622: 8595: 8590: 8584: 8565: 8540: 8538:Further reading 8535: 8529: 8506: 8477: 8454: 8422: 8386: 8362: 8357: 8343: 8320: 8293: 8262: 8243: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8204: 8194: 8192: 8190:The Calgary Sun 8182: 8178: 8168: 8166: 8145: 8141: 8133: 8129: 8121: 8117: 8109: 8105: 8097: 8093: 8085: 8081: 8073: 8069: 8061: 8052: 8044: 8040: 8030: 8028: 8018: 8014: 8004: 8002: 7997: 7996: 7985: 7975: 7973: 7958: 7954: 7944: 7942: 7931: 7927: 7917: 7915: 7910: 7909: 7905: 7895: 7893: 7883: 7879: 7869: 7867: 7857: 7853: 7832: 7828: 7818: 7816: 7796: 7792: 7782: 7780: 7760: 7753: 7743: 7741: 7723: 7719: 7698: 7694: 7684: 7682: 7659: 7655: 7642:. p. A22. 7634: 7630: 7610: 7609: 7605: 7584: 7580: 7572: 7551: 7543: 7539: 7531: 7527: 7519: 7512: 7504: 7495: 7487: 7483: 7475: 7471: 7463: 7459: 7451: 7444: 7436: 7432: 7424: 7420: 7412: 7405: 7397: 7393: 7385: 7381: 7373: 7366: 7358: 7354: 7346: 7339: 7331: 7327: 7319: 7315: 7307: 7303: 7295: 7288: 7280: 7273: 7254: 7250: 7242: 7238: 7228: 7226: 7206: 7202: 7192: 7190: 7172: 7168: 7160: 7156: 7148: 7139: 7131: 7127: 7119: 7115: 7107: 7098: 7090: 7086: 7079: 7058: 7054: 7046: 7042: 7019: 7015: 7007: 7000: 6992: 6985: 6977: 6973: 6965: 6961: 6953: 6946: 6938: 6934: 6926: 6913: 6905: 6901: 6893: 6884: 6876: 6869: 6861: 6857: 6849: 6842: 6834: 6830: 6822: 6818: 6810: 6806: 6798: 6791: 6783: 6779: 6771: 6760: 6752: 6745: 6735: 6733: 6713: 6709: 6701: 6697: 6689: 6682: 6674: 6670: 6662: 6655: 6647: 6643: 6635: 6631: 6623: 6619: 6611: 6598: 6590: 6586: 6578: 6571: 6563: 6556: 6548: 6544: 6536: 6532: 6524: 6513: 6505: 6498: 6490: 6486: 6478: 6471: 6461: 6459: 6437: 6433: 6425: 6421: 6413: 6409: 6401: 6390: 6382: 6378: 6370: 6363: 6355: 6351: 6343: 6330: 6322: 6318: 6310: 6301: 6293: 6289: 6281: 6272: 6264: 6251: 6243: 6234: 6226: 6213: 6205: 6201: 6193: 6189: 6181: 6166: 6158: 6154: 6146: 6142: 6132: 6130: 6110: 6106: 6098: 6094: 6086: 6082: 6074: 6070: 6062: 6058: 6050: 6046: 6038: 6034: 6026: 6009: 6001: 5997: 5989: 5985: 5977: 5973: 5965: 5956: 5948: 5944: 5936: 5927: 5919: 5906: 5898: 5894: 5886: 5877: 5869: 5865: 5857: 5853: 5845: 5841: 5833: 5822: 5814: 5807: 5799: 5788: 5780: 5773: 5753: 5752: 5748: 5727: 5723: 5715: 5711: 5701: 5699: 5690: 5689: 5685: 5677: 5673: 5665: 5661: 5653: 5642: 5634: 5630: 5622: 5618: 5610: 5606: 5598: 5591: 5583: 5572: 5560: 5559: 5555: 5535: 5534: 5530: 5522: 5518: 5510: 5506: 5498: 5473: 5465: 5461: 5453: 5449: 5441: 5432: 5424: 5420: 5412: 5408: 5400: 5396: 5386: 5384: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5364: 5362: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5326: 5325: 5321: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5284: 5283: 5279: 5269: 5267: 5258: 5257: 5253: 5245: 5234: 5224: 5222: 5221:on June 2, 2008 5209: 5208: 5201: 5193: 5184: 5173: 5169: 5158: 5154: 5146: 5142: 5134: 5125: 5117: 5104: 5096: 5092: 5087: 5013:Peter Lougheed 4899:Peter Lougheed 4785:Peter Lougheed 4651:Peter Lougheed 4518:Peter Lougheed 4467: 4458: 4283: 4210: 4170: 4132: 4082: 4063: 3981: 3941: 3901: 3861: 3813: 3794: 3743: 3577: 3575:Nicholas Taylor 3504: 3464: 3424: 3376: 3357: 3175: 3173:Nicholas Taylor 3135: 3095: 3055: 3007: 2988: 2904: 2833: 2831:Nicholas Taylor 2795: 2720: 2680: 2632: 2613: 2611:As party leader 2608: 2602:in his honour. 2562:Order of Canada 2539: 2424:John F. Kennedy 2416: 2317: 2274:called for the 2228: 2149: 2100:Arthur J. Dixon 2072: 2017:George Bowering 1998: 1982:Principal Group 1965:Principal Group 1952:became the new 1913: 1893:Fish Creek Park 1889: 1857: 1855:Foreign affairs 1800:Robert Bourassa 1753: 1724:Patricia Carney 1602:1973 oil crisis 1596: 1590: 1589: 1581: 1579:Energy policies 1559: 1553: 1552: 1536:Cabinet members 1513:open government 1500: 1426:Edmonton Report 1383: 1378: 1312: 1306: 1234: 1185:Strathcona West 1152: 1048:Milt Harradence 1025: 970: 919: 917:Football career 892:Students' Union 873:students' union 799: 667: 641: 637: 619: 610: 581: 580: 572: 553: 548: 543: 542: 500: 449: 442: 420: 418: 417: 416: 413: 411: 366: 321: 318: 1952) 313: 309: 293:Political party 287: 282: 280: 268: 262: 260: 259: 258: 232: 220: 214: 209: 185: 173: 167: 162: 143: 131: 126: 84: 79: 62: 50: 33: 31: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 10856: 10846: 10845: 10840: 10835: 10830: 10825: 10820: 10815: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10795: 10790: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10738: 10737: 10735: 10734: 10729: 10724: 10716: 10711: 10706: 10698: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10652: 10650:Calvin Stiller 10647: 10642: 10637: 10632: 10627: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10589: 10584: 10579: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10556: 10548: 10543: 10541:Anthony Pawson 10538: 10530: 10525: 10517: 10512: 10510:Arnold Naimark 10507: 10499: 10497:Fraser Mustard 10494: 10489: 10484: 10479: 10477:Julio Montaner 10474: 10469: 10467:Ronald Melzack 10464: 10459: 10454: 10449: 10444: 10439: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10404: 10402:John McEachern 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384:Peter Lougheed 10381: 10376: 10371: 10366: 10364:Bernard Langer 10361: 10356: 10348: 10343: 10335: 10330: 10328:Herbert Jasper 10325: 10317: 10312: 10307: 10302: 10297: 10292: 10287: 10282: 10277: 10272: 10267: 10262: 10257: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10222:Jacques Genest 10219: 10217:William Gallie 10214: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10189:Claude Fortier 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10166: 10164:Sylvia Fedoruk 10161: 10156: 10148: 10143: 10135: 10133:Jacalyn Duffin 10130: 10125: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10090: 10082: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10045:Brock Chisholm 10042: 10037: 10032:Alan C. Burton 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10007:Roberta Bondar 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9977:Norman Bethune 9974: 9969: 9967:Alan Bernstein 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9919: 9911: 9906: 9901: 9895: 9892: 9891: 9883: 9882: 9875: 9868: 9860: 9851: 9850: 9848: 9847: 9842: 9837: 9832: 9827: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9795:Dallas Schmidt 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9750:Gordon Miniely 9747: 9742: 9737: 9735:Stewart McCrae 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9702: 9697: 9692: 9687: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9662: 9657: 9652: 9650:Robert Dowling 9647: 9642: 9637: 9632: 9627: 9622: 9617: 9612: 9610:Winston Backus 9607: 9598:Peter Lougheed 9595: 9592: 9591: 9587:Peter Lougheed 9576: 9575: 9568: 9561: 9553: 9544: 9543: 9541: 9540: 9535: 9530: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9494: 9492: 9484: 9483: 9481: 9480: 9475: 9468: 9463: 9456: 9451: 9446: 9441: 9436: 9431: 9426: 9419: 9414: 9407: 9402: 9397: 9392: 9387: 9382: 9377: 9372: 9358: 9356: 9348: 9347: 9338: 9337: 9330: 9323: 9315: 9306: 9305: 9302: 9299: 9298: 9296: 9295: 9290: 9285: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9265: 9260: 9255: 9250: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9215: 9213:William Leitch 9210: 9205: 9199: 9194: 9192:Thomas Liddell 9188: 9186: 9182: 9181: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9168: 9166:David A. Dodge 9163: 9158: 9156:Peter Lougheed 9153: 9148: 9143: 9138: 9133: 9128: 9123: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9095: 9087: 9086: 9079: 9072: 9064: 9055: 9054: 9052: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8896: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8860: 8857: 8856: 8849: 8848: 8841: 8834: 8826: 8817: 8816: 8814: 8813: 8801: 8790: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8703: 8698: 8693: 8687: 8684: 8683: 8676: 8675: 8668: 8661: 8653: 8645: 8644: 8639: 8636: 8623: 8618: 8614: 8613: 8607: 8606: 8605:Member Profile 8594: 8593:External links 8591: 8589: 8588: 8582: 8569: 8563: 8547:Lévesque, René 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8533: 8527: 8510: 8504: 8481: 8475: 8458: 8452: 8426: 8420: 8390: 8384: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8356: 8355: 8341: 8324: 8318: 8297: 8291: 8266: 8260: 8247: 8241: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8203: 8202: 8176: 8156:Policy Options 8139: 8137:, p. 227. 8127: 8125:, p. 545. 8115: 8103: 8101:, p. 222. 8091: 8089:, p. 224. 8079: 8077:, p. 225. 8067: 8065:, p. 223. 8050: 8038: 8012: 7983: 7952: 7925: 7903: 7877: 7851: 7837:Calgary Herald 7826: 7790: 7751: 7717: 7706:. p. E4. 7703:Calgary Herald 7692: 7653: 7628: 7614:Calgary Herald 7603: 7592:. p. B2. 7589:Calgary Herald 7578: 7549: 7547:, p. 542. 7537: 7535:, p. 203. 7525: 7523:, p. 201. 7510: 7508:, p. 200. 7493: 7491:, p. 199. 7481: 7469: 7467:, p. 198. 7457: 7442: 7430: 7418: 7403: 7391: 7379: 7364: 7352: 7337: 7325: 7313: 7301: 7286: 7284:, pp. 36. 7271: 7248: 7236: 7200: 7166: 7164:, p. 125. 7154: 7152:, p. 221. 7137: 7135:, p. 101. 7125: 7123:, p. 100. 7113: 7111:, p. 126. 7096: 7094:, p. 128. 7084: 7077: 7061:Gotlieb, Allan 7052: 7050:, p. 127. 7040: 7027:Policy Options 7013: 7011:, p. 433. 6998: 6996:, p. 414. 6983: 6981:, p. 531. 6971: 6969:, p. 412. 6959: 6957:, p. 413. 6944: 6932: 6930:, p. 218. 6911: 6909:, p. 533. 6899: 6897:, p. 220. 6882: 6880:, p. 219. 6867: 6865:, p. 411. 6855: 6853:, p. 217. 6840: 6838:, p. 536. 6828: 6826:, p. 182. 6816: 6814:, p. 181. 6804: 6802:, p. 175. 6789: 6787:, p. 534. 6777: 6775:, p. 216. 6758: 6756:, p. 215. 6743: 6707: 6705:, p. 122. 6695: 6693:, p. 119. 6680: 6678:, p. 118. 6668: 6666:, p. 117. 6653: 6651:, p. 115. 6641: 6639:, p. 114. 6629: 6627:, p. 113. 6617: 6615:, p. 529. 6596: 6594:, p. 214. 6584: 6582:, p. 150. 6569: 6554: 6552:, p. 527. 6542: 6540:, p. 141. 6530: 6528:, p. 213. 6511: 6509:, p. 154. 6507:Engelmann 1992 6496: 6494:, p. 189. 6484: 6482:, p. 188. 6469: 6445:Policy Options 6431: 6429:, p. 191. 6419: 6417:, p. 146. 6415:Engelmann 1992 6407: 6405:, p. 145. 6403:Engelmann 1992 6388: 6386:, p. 155. 6384:Engelmann 1992 6376: 6374:, p. 139. 6372:Engelmann 1992 6361: 6359:, p. 526. 6349: 6347:, p. 541. 6328: 6316: 6314:, p. 540. 6299: 6297:, p. 305. 6295:McCormick 1984 6287: 6285:, p. 304. 6283:McCormick 1984 6270: 6268:, p. 535. 6249: 6247:, p. 371. 6232: 6230:, p. 532. 6211: 6209:, p. 375. 6199: 6197:, p. 219. 6187: 6185:, p. 216. 6164: 6162:, p. 210. 6152: 6140: 6122:. p. A1. 6119:Calgary Herald 6104: 6092: 6080: 6068: 6056: 6044: 6032: 6030:, p. 525. 6007: 5995: 5983: 5981:, p. 497. 5971: 5954: 5942: 5925: 5923:, p. 209. 5904: 5892: 5890:, p. 524. 5875: 5863: 5851: 5839: 5837:, p. 208. 5820: 5805: 5786: 5784:, p. 523. 5771: 5757:Calgary Herald 5746: 5740:10.7939/R3B593 5721: 5709: 5683: 5671: 5659: 5640: 5628: 5616: 5614:, p. 207. 5604: 5589: 5570: 5564:Calgary Herald 5553: 5539:Calgary Herald 5528: 5516: 5504: 5502:, p. 206. 5471: 5459: 5447: 5430: 5418: 5406: 5394: 5372: 5344: 5319: 5313:Calgary Herald 5302: 5277: 5251: 5232: 5199: 5182: 5167: 5152: 5150:, p. 519. 5140: 5138:, p. 205. 5123: 5121:, p. 521. 5102: 5100:, p. 520. 5089: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5080: 5079: 5076: 5073: 5070: 5065: 5061: 5060: 5057: 5054: 5051: 5046: 5042: 5041: 5038: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5021: 5020: 5017: 5014: 5011: 5006: 5002: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4980: 4979: 4977: 4964: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4949: 4945: 4944: 4941: 4938: 4935: 4930: 4926: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4916: 4911: 4907: 4906: 4903: 4900: 4897: 4892: 4888: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4866: 4865: 4863: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4843: 4840: 4835: 4831: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4816: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4797: 4793: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4778: 4774: 4773: 4768: 4763: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4749: 4736: 4735: 4732: 4729: 4728:Jacob Binnema 4726: 4720: 4716: 4715: 4712: 4709: 4706: 4701: 4697: 4696: 4693: 4690: 4687: 4682: 4678: 4677: 4674: 4671: 4668: 4663: 4659: 4658: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4644: 4640: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4624: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4592: 4587: 4583: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4573: 4568: 4564: 4563: 4560: 4557: 4554: 4549: 4545: 4544: 4541: 4538: 4535: 4530: 4526: 4525: 4522: 4519: 4516: 4511: 4507: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4448: 4445: 4442: 4439: 4436: 4430: 4429: 4426: 4423: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4406: 4403: 4399: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4389: 4386: 4383: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4368: 4367: 4364: 4361: 4358: 4355: 4352: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4337: 4336: 4333: 4330: 4327: 4324: 4321: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4306: 4305: 4302: 4299: 4296: 4293: 4290: 4287: 4284: 4279: 4277: 4272: 4268: 4267: 4264: 4261: 4258: 4255: 4250: 4247: 4244: 4242: 4239: 4235: 4234: 4231: 4228: 4225: 4222: 4217: 4214: 4211: 4206: 4204: 4199: 4195: 4194: 4191: 4188: 4185: 4182: 4177: 4174: 4171: 4169:Peter Lougheed 4168: 4166: 4161: 4157: 4156: 4153: 4150: 4147: 4144: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4128: 4126: 4121: 4117: 4116: 4113: 4110: 4107: 4104: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4087: 4084: 4079: 4076: 4072: 4071: 4065: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4053: 4050: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4019: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4004: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3988: 3985: 3982: 3977: 3975: 3970: 3966: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3937: 3935: 3930: 3926: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3916: 3913: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3897: 3895: 3890: 3886: 3885: 3882: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3860:Peter Lougheed 3859: 3857: 3852: 3848: 3847: 3844: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3828: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3810: 3807: 3803: 3802: 3796: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3766: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3739: 3737: 3732: 3728: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3715: 3712: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3701: 3697: 3696: 3693: 3690: 3687: 3684: 3681: 3678: 3675: 3673: 3668: 3664: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3635: 3631: 3630: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3600: 3599: 3596: 3593: 3590: 3587: 3584: 3581: 3578: 3573: 3571: 3566: 3562: 3561: 3558: 3555: 3552: 3549: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3536: 3533: 3529: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3511: 3508: 3505: 3500: 3498: 3493: 3489: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3462:Werner Schmidt 3460: 3458: 3453: 3449: 3448: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3431: 3428: 3425: 3423:Peter Lougheed 3422: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3410: 3407: 3404: 3401: 3398: 3391: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3378: 3373: 3370: 3366: 3365: 3359: 3358: 3355: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3335: 3329: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3305: 3300: 3296: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3266: 3262: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3231: 3230: 3227: 3224: 3221: 3218: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3207: 3202: 3198: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3179: 3176: 3171: 3169: 3164: 3160: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3147: 3142: 3139: 3136: 3131: 3129: 3124: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3102: 3099: 3096: 3091: 3089: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3067: 3062: 3059: 3056: 3054:Peter Lougheed 3053: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3022: 3016: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3004: 3001: 2997: 2996: 2990: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2960: 2959: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2936: 2931: 2927: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2908: 2905: 2902:Tom Sindlinger 2900: 2898: 2893: 2889: 2888: 2885: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2873: 2870: 2867: 2865: 2860: 2856: 2855: 2852: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2829: 2827: 2822: 2818: 2817: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2791: 2789: 2784: 2780: 2779: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2749: 2745: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2716: 2714: 2709: 2705: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2679:Peter Lougheed 2678: 2676: 2671: 2667: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2647: 2641: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2629: 2626: 2622: 2621: 2612: 2609: 2607: 2604: 2538: 2535: 2527:Policy Options 2510:Brian Mulroney 2432:Pierre Trudeau 2415: 2412: 2391:Thomas Mulcair 2372:Danielle Smith 2365:Alison Redford 2361:Stephen Harper 2350:state memorial 2333:natural causes 2316: 2313: 2249:Alison Redford 2227: 2224: 2148: 2145: 2141:Brian Mulroney 2071: 2068: 1997: 1994: 1990:Northland Bank 1925:Boeing 737-200 1912: 1909: 1888: 1885: 1881:Alexei Kosygin 1856: 1853: 1752: 1749: 1728:Western Accord 1726:agreed to the 1711:1980s oil glut 1653:profit sharing 1587: 1580: 1577: 1550: 1545:Tom Sindlinger 1499: 1496: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1370:Calgary Herald 1308:Main article: 1305: 1302: 1290:Banff-Cochrane 1278:Robert Dowling 1233: 1230: 1151: 1148: 1144:Sapporo, Japan 1121:William Kovach 1075:Ernest Manning 1063:Ernest Manning 1024: 1021: 969: 966: 939:Calgary Herald 918: 915: 886:in 1951 and a 830:Arthur Meighen 816:(1854–1925) a 798: 795: 787:Policy Options 756:Pierre Trudeau 612: 611: 609: 608: 601: 594: 586: 583: 582: 579: 578: 570: 565: 559: 541: 540: 533: 526: 519: 512: 506: 499: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 468: 463: 458: 453: 443: 441: 440: 434: 431: 430: 427: 426: 421:Peter Lougheed 414:a series about 410: 408: 392: 391: 388: 387: 380: 376: 375: 372: 368: 367: 365: 364: 354: 339: 337: 331: 330: 327: 323: 322: 311: 307: 306: 304: 300: 299: 294: 290: 289: 285:(aged 84) 278: 274: 273: 256: 254: 250: 249: 245: 244: 241: 240: 235: 229: 228: 223: 217: 216: 206: 205: 197:Member of the 194: 193: 188: 182: 181: 176: 170: 169: 159: 158: 152: 151: 146: 140: 139: 137:Harry E. Strom 134: 128: 127: 125: 124: 119: 114: 109: 103: 101: 97: 96: 91: 87: 86: 76: 75: 68: 67: 64: 63: 60: 52: 51: 32: 30:Peter Lougheed 29: 26:The Honourable 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10855: 10844: 10841: 10839: 10836: 10834: 10831: 10829: 10826: 10824: 10821: 10819: 10816: 10814: 10811: 10809: 10806: 10804: 10801: 10799: 10796: 10794: 10791: 10789: 10786: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10750: 10748: 10733: 10730: 10728: 10725: 10723: 10720: 10719:Ronald Worton 10717: 10715: 10712: 10710: 10709:Mark Wainberg 10707: 10705: 10702: 10701:Mladen Vranic 10699: 10697: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10683:Endel Tulving 10681: 10679: 10678:Lap-Chee Tsui 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10663:Charles Tator 10661: 10659: 10656: 10653: 10651: 10648: 10646: 10643: 10641: 10638: 10636: 10635:Michael Smith 10633: 10631: 10628: 10626: 10623: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10600:David Sackett 10598: 10596: 10593: 10590: 10588: 10585: 10583: 10580: 10578: 10575: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10557: 10555: 10552: 10549: 10547: 10544: 10542: 10539: 10537: 10534: 10533:William Osler 10531: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10511: 10508: 10506: 10503: 10500: 10498: 10495: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10487:Balfour Mount 10485: 10483: 10480: 10478: 10475: 10473: 10472:Brenda Milner 10470: 10468: 10465: 10463: 10460: 10458: 10455: 10453: 10452:Pierre Masson 10450: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10438: 10435: 10433: 10432:Ian McWhinney 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10412:Peter Macklem 10410: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10382: 10380: 10379:Heinz Lehmann 10377: 10375: 10372: 10370: 10367: 10365: 10362: 10360: 10357: 10355: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10342: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10324: 10321: 10318: 10316: 10313: 10311: 10310:James C. Hogg 10308: 10306: 10303: 10301: 10298: 10296: 10293: 10291: 10290:Carol Herbert 10288: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10276: 10273: 10271: 10268: 10266: 10265:Antoine Hakim 10263: 10261: 10258: 10256: 10253: 10252:Gordon Guyatt 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10230: 10228: 10225: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10209:Henry Friesen 10207: 10205: 10204:Clarke Fraser 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10170: 10167: 10165: 10162: 10160: 10157: 10155: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10138:Jean Dussault 10136: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10118:Tommy Douglas 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10043: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10017:Henri Breault 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9992:Michael Bliss 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9914:Albert Aguayo 9912: 9910: 9907: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9889: 9881: 9876: 9874: 9869: 9867: 9862: 9861: 9858: 9846: 9845:John Zaozirny 9843: 9841: 9840:William Yurko 9838: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9826: 9825:Allan Warrack 9823: 9821: 9820:Peter Trynchy 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9765:William Payne 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9740:Don McCrimmon 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9720:Julian Koziak 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9710:Dick Johnston 9708: 9706: 9703: 9701: 9698: 9696: 9693: 9691: 9688: 9686: 9683: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9666: 9663: 9661: 9658: 9656: 9653: 9651: 9648: 9646: 9643: 9641: 9638: 9636: 9635:Neil Crawford 9633: 9631: 9628: 9626: 9623: 9621: 9618: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9602: 9600: 9599: 9593: 9588: 9585: 9581: 9574: 9569: 9567: 9562: 9560: 9555: 9554: 9551: 9539: 9536: 9534: 9531: 9529: 9526: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9496: 9495: 9493: 9491: 9485: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9473: 9469: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9461: 9457: 9455: 9452: 9450: 9447: 9445: 9442: 9440: 9437: 9435: 9432: 9430: 9427: 9425: 9424: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9412: 9408: 9406: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9396: 9393: 9391: 9388: 9386: 9383: 9381: 9378: 9376: 9373: 9371: 9367: 9363: 9360: 9359: 9357: 9355: 9353:Party leaders 9349: 9345: 9336: 9331: 9329: 9324: 9322: 9317: 9316: 9313: 9300: 9294: 9293:Patrick Deane 9291: 9289: 9286: 9284: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9266: 9264: 9261: 9259: 9256: 9254: 9251: 9249: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9226: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9187: 9183: 9177: 9174: 9172: 9169: 9167: 9164: 9162: 9159: 9157: 9154: 9152: 9149: 9147: 9144: 9142: 9139: 9137: 9134: 9132: 9129: 9127: 9124: 9122: 9119: 9117: 9116:James Douglas 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9103: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9085: 9080: 9078: 9073: 9071: 9066: 9065: 9062: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8861: 8858: 8854: 8847: 8842: 8840: 8835: 8833: 8828: 8827: 8824: 8812: 8802: 8800: 8792: 8791: 8788: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8702: 8699: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8689: 8688: 8685: 8681: 8674: 8669: 8667: 8662: 8660: 8655: 8654: 8651: 8642: 8633: 8632: 8628: 8621: 8615: 8610: 8604: 8600: 8597: 8596: 8585: 8579: 8575: 8570: 8566: 8560: 8555: 8554: 8548: 8543: 8542: 8530: 8524: 8519: 8518: 8511: 8507: 8501: 8496: 8495: 8488: 8482: 8478: 8472: 8467: 8466: 8459: 8455: 8449: 8444: 8443: 8436: 8431: 8427: 8423: 8417: 8412: 8411: 8405: 8404:Saywell, John 8400: 8395: 8391: 8387: 8381: 8376: 8375: 8369: 8365: 8364: 8352: 8348: 8344: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8325: 8321: 8315: 8311: 8306: 8305: 8298: 8294: 8292:0-9689217-2-8 8288: 8284: 8280: 8275: 8274: 8267: 8263: 8257: 8253: 8248: 8244: 8238: 8234: 8229: 8228: 8222: 8218: 8217: 8195:September 16, 8191: 8187: 8180: 8165: 8161: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8136: 8131: 8124: 8119: 8112: 8107: 8100: 8095: 8088: 8083: 8076: 8071: 8064: 8059: 8057: 8055: 8047: 8042: 8031:September 16, 8027: 8023: 8016: 8005:September 16, 8000: 7994: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7976:September 18, 7971: 7967: 7963: 7956: 7940: 7936: 7929: 7918:September 16, 7913: 7907: 7896:September 16, 7892: 7888: 7881: 7870:September 14, 7866: 7862: 7855: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7838: 7830: 7815: 7811: 7807: 7806: 7801: 7794: 7779: 7775: 7771: 7770: 7765: 7758: 7756: 7740: 7736: 7732: 7731:Alberta Views 7728: 7721: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7704: 7696: 7681: 7677: 7673: 7672: 7667: 7663: 7657: 7649: 7645: 7641: 7640: 7632: 7624: 7620: 7616: 7615: 7607: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7590: 7582: 7575: 7570: 7568: 7566: 7564: 7562: 7560: 7558: 7556: 7554: 7546: 7541: 7534: 7529: 7522: 7517: 7515: 7507: 7502: 7500: 7498: 7490: 7485: 7478: 7473: 7466: 7461: 7455:, p. 48. 7454: 7449: 7447: 7440:, p. 49. 7439: 7434: 7428:, p. 46. 7427: 7422: 7416:, p. 16. 7415: 7410: 7408: 7400: 7395: 7388: 7383: 7377:, p. 36. 7376: 7371: 7369: 7362:, p. 74. 7361: 7356: 7350:, p. 73. 7349: 7344: 7342: 7334: 7329: 7323:, p. 25. 7322: 7317: 7311:, p. 33. 7310: 7305: 7299:, p. 28. 7298: 7293: 7291: 7283: 7278: 7276: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7252: 7245: 7240: 7225: 7221: 7217: 7216: 7211: 7204: 7189: 7185: 7181: 7177: 7170: 7163: 7158: 7151: 7146: 7144: 7142: 7134: 7129: 7122: 7117: 7110: 7105: 7103: 7101: 7093: 7088: 7080: 7078:0-7710-3385-0 7074: 7069: 7068: 7062: 7056: 7049: 7044: 7036: 7032: 7028: 7024: 7017: 7010: 7005: 7003: 6995: 6990: 6988: 6980: 6975: 6968: 6963: 6956: 6951: 6949: 6941: 6936: 6929: 6924: 6922: 6920: 6918: 6916: 6908: 6903: 6896: 6891: 6889: 6887: 6879: 6874: 6872: 6864: 6859: 6852: 6847: 6845: 6837: 6832: 6825: 6820: 6813: 6808: 6801: 6796: 6794: 6786: 6781: 6774: 6769: 6767: 6765: 6763: 6755: 6750: 6748: 6732: 6728: 6724: 6723: 6718: 6711: 6704: 6699: 6692: 6687: 6685: 6677: 6672: 6665: 6660: 6658: 6650: 6645: 6638: 6633: 6626: 6621: 6614: 6609: 6607: 6605: 6603: 6601: 6593: 6588: 6581: 6576: 6574: 6566: 6561: 6559: 6551: 6546: 6539: 6534: 6527: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6508: 6503: 6501: 6493: 6488: 6481: 6476: 6474: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6446: 6442: 6435: 6428: 6423: 6416: 6411: 6404: 6399: 6397: 6395: 6393: 6385: 6380: 6373: 6368: 6366: 6358: 6353: 6346: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6335: 6333: 6325: 6320: 6313: 6308: 6306: 6304: 6296: 6291: 6284: 6279: 6277: 6275: 6267: 6262: 6260: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6246: 6241: 6239: 6237: 6229: 6224: 6222: 6220: 6218: 6216: 6208: 6203: 6196: 6191: 6184: 6179: 6177: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6169: 6161: 6156: 6150:, p. 83. 6149: 6144: 6129: 6125: 6121: 6120: 6115: 6108: 6102:, p. 81. 6101: 6096: 6090:, p. 77. 6089: 6084: 6078:, p. 76. 6077: 6072: 6065: 6060: 6054:, p. 74. 6053: 6048: 6042:, p. 73. 6041: 6036: 6029: 6024: 6022: 6020: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6012: 6005:, p. 64. 6004: 5999: 5993:, p. 68. 5992: 5987: 5980: 5975: 5969:, p. 70. 5968: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5952:, p. 71. 5951: 5946: 5940:, p. 69. 5939: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5922: 5917: 5915: 5913: 5911: 5909: 5901: 5896: 5889: 5884: 5882: 5880: 5873:, p. 61. 5872: 5867: 5861:, p. 58. 5860: 5855: 5849:, p. 60. 5848: 5843: 5836: 5831: 5829: 5827: 5825: 5818:, p. 59. 5817: 5812: 5810: 5803:, p. 57. 5802: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5791: 5783: 5778: 5776: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5758: 5750: 5741: 5736: 5732: 5725: 5719:, p. 54. 5718: 5713: 5702:September 23, 5697: 5693: 5687: 5681:, p. 44. 5680: 5675: 5669:, p. 43. 5668: 5663: 5656: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5645: 5637: 5632: 5626:, p. 39. 5625: 5620: 5613: 5608: 5602:, p. 47. 5601: 5596: 5594: 5587:, p. 38. 5586: 5581: 5579: 5577: 5575: 5566: 5565: 5557: 5549: 5545: 5541: 5540: 5532: 5526:, p. 37. 5525: 5520: 5514:, p. 35. 5513: 5508: 5501: 5496: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5482: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5468: 5463: 5457:, p. 34. 5456: 5451: 5445:, p. 40. 5444: 5439: 5437: 5435: 5428:, p. 43. 5427: 5422: 5415: 5410: 5404:, p. 42. 5403: 5398: 5387:September 19, 5382: 5376: 5360: 5359: 5354: 5348: 5340: 5336: 5332: 5331: 5323: 5315: 5314: 5306: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5289: 5281: 5270:September 19, 5265: 5261: 5255: 5249:, p. 33. 5248: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5225:September 19, 5220: 5216: 5212: 5206: 5204: 5197:, p. 28. 5196: 5191: 5189: 5187: 5178: 5171: 5163: 5160:Mardon, E.G. 5156: 5149: 5144: 5137: 5132: 5130: 5128: 5120: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5107: 5099: 5094: 5090: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5062: 5052: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5043: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5028:Social Credit 5026: 5023: 5022: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5004: 5003: 5000: 4995: 4990: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4974: 4970: 4965: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4946: 4937:Joe Yanchula 4936: 4934: 4931: 4928: 4927: 4918:Charles Grey 4917: 4915: 4914:Social Credit 4912: 4909: 4908: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4867: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4851: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4823:Neil Ellison 4822: 4820: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4804:Charles Grey 4803: 4801: 4800:Social Credit 4798: 4795: 4794: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4753: 4748: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4727: 4724: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4698: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4680: 4679: 4669: 4667: 4666:Social Credit 4664: 4661: 4660: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4642: 4641: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4614: 4612: 4608: 4603: 4593: 4591: 4590:Social Credit 4588: 4585: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4566: 4565: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4528: 4527: 4517: 4515: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4486: 4481: 4479: 4475: 4470: 4455: 4435: 4431: 4407: 4404: 4401: 4400: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4345: 4342: 4339: 4338: 4314: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4282: 4278: 4276: 4275:New Democrats 4273: 4270: 4269: 4254: 4243: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4221: 4209: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4196: 4181: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4143: 4131: 4127: 4125: 4124:Social Credit 4122: 4119: 4118: 4103: 4102: 4096: 4089:Popular vote 4078:Party leader 4070: 4066: 4060: 4040: 4036: 4012: 4009: 4006: 4005: 3980: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3968: 3967: 3952: 3940: 3936: 3934: 3933:New Democrats 3931: 3928: 3927: 3912: 3900: 3896: 3894: 3893:Social Credit 3891: 3888: 3887: 3872: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3849: 3834: 3833: 3827: 3820:Popular vote 3809:Party leader 3801: 3797: 3791: 3771: 3767: 3742: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3730: 3729: 3705: 3702: 3699: 3698: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3666: 3665: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3633: 3632: 3608: 3605: 3602: 3601: 3576: 3572: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3548: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3515: 3503: 3499: 3497: 3496:New Democrats 3494: 3491: 3490: 3475: 3463: 3459: 3457: 3456:Social Credit 3454: 3451: 3450: 3435: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3413: 3412: 3397: 3396: 3390: 3383:Popular vote 3372:Party leader 3364: 3360: 3354: 3334: 3330: 3306: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3297: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3263: 3239: 3236: 3233: 3232: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3199: 3174: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3161: 3146: 3134: 3130: 3128: 3127:New Democrats 3125: 3122: 3121: 3106: 3094: 3090: 3088: 3087:Social Credit 3085: 3082: 3081: 3066: 3052: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3043: 3028: 3027: 3021: 3014:Popular vote 3003:Party leader 2995: 2991: 2985: 2965: 2961: 2937: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2928: 2903: 2899: 2897: 2894: 2891: 2890: 2866: 2864: 2863:Social Credit 2861: 2858: 2857: 2832: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2820: 2819: 2794: 2793:Gordon Kesler 2790: 2788: 2785: 2782: 2781: 2766: 2755: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2746: 2731: 2719: 2715: 2713: 2712:New Democrats 2710: 2707: 2706: 2691: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2668: 2653: 2652: 2646: 2639:Popular vote 2628:Party leader 2620: 2616: 2603: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2576: 2574: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2520: 2519:Naheed Nenshi 2516: 2515:Jean Chrétien 2511: 2506: 2504: 2503: 2498: 2497: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2480: 2474: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2457: 2455: 2451: 2445: 2443: 2439: 2438: 2437:Time Magazine 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2411: 2409: 2408: 2403: 2399: 2398:Naheed Nenshi 2396: 2395:Calgary mayor 2392: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2378:(who was the 2377: 2376:Jean Chrétien 2373: 2370: 2366: 2362: 2357: 2355: 2351: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2312: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2279: 2277: 2273: 2268: 2267: 2262: 2258: 2252: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2223: 2221: 2217: 2214:, succeeding 2213: 2209: 2204: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2190: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2117: 2113: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2096:Calgary South 2092: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2067: 2065: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2049: 2048: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2030: 2027: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2011: 2010: 2009:Klondike Days 2005: 2004: 1993: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1977: 1974: 1970: 1969:Dick Johnston 1966: 1961: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1932: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1884: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1865:Allan Gotlieb 1862: 1852: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1827: 1825: 1821: 1816: 1811: 1809: 1808:Senate reform 1805: 1804:René Lévesque 1801: 1795: 1793: 1785: 1781: 1777: 1775: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1748: 1745: 1741: 1740:Gordon Kesler 1737: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1717: 1712: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1692: 1686: 1684: 1683:Fort McMurray 1680: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1662:Jean Chrétien 1659: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1617: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1608:force majeure 1603: 1594: 1585: 1576: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1557: 1548: 1546: 1541: 1537: 1531: 1528: 1522: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1509:Grant MacEwan 1506: 1495: 1493: 1492:Julian Koziak 1490:defeated MLA 1489: 1486: 1482: 1477: 1474: 1473:Gordon Kesler 1470: 1465: 1464:1982 election 1460: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1449:Liberal Party 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1433:1979 election 1429: 1427: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1401:1975 election 1397: 1395: 1391: 1390:Grant MacEwan 1388: 1373: 1371: 1367: 1366: 1360: 1355: 1349: 1346: 1341: 1338: 1332: 1330: 1326: 1321: 1317: 1311: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1284:by-election, 1283: 1279: 1274: 1272: 1266: 1263: 1258: 1254: 1252: 1251:William Yurko 1247: 1241: 1239: 1229: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210:David Russell 1207: 1203: 1199: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1163: 1161: 1160:Liberal Party 1157: 1147: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1128: 1126: 1125:Garth Turcott 1122: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1086: 1084: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1071:Social Credit 1064: 1059: 1055: 1053: 1052:1963 election 1049: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1004: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 977: 975: 968:Post football 965: 963: 959: 955: 951: 946: 944: 940: 936: 928: 923: 914: 912: 908: 907:Delta Upsilon 904: 903: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 876: 874: 870: 866: 861: 858: 854: 850: 844: 842: 838: 833: 831: 827: 826:Robert Borden 823: 819: 815: 809: 804: 794: 792: 788: 784: 780: 775: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 748: 746: 742: 738: 734: 730: 726: 722: 721:1971 election 718: 714: 709: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 682: 680: 676: 672: 671: 662: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 607: 602: 600: 595: 593: 588: 587: 585: 584: 575: 571: 569: 566: 564: 561: 560: 558: 557: 552: 551: 547: 539: 538: 534: 532: 531: 527: 525: 524: 520: 518: 517: 513: 511: 508: 507: 505: 504: 497: 494: 492: 489: 487: 484: 482: 479: 477: 474: 472: 469: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 448: 445: 444: 439: 436: 435: 433: 432: 423: 409: 406: 402: 401: 398: 397: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 362: 358: 355: 352: 348: 344: 341: 340: 338: 336: 332: 328: 324: 308:Jeanne Rogers 305: 301: 298: 295: 291: 279: 275: 271: 267:July 26, 1928 255: 251: 246: 242: 239: 236: 230: 227: 224: 218: 212: 207: 204: 200: 195: 192: 189: 183: 180: 177: 171: 165: 160: 157: 153: 150: 147: 141: 138: 135: 129: 123: 120: 118: 115: 113: 110: 108: 107:Grant MacEwan 105: 104: 102: 98: 95: 92: 88: 82: 77: 74: 69: 65: 58: 53: 48: 44: 40: 36: 27: 22: 19: 10721: 10714:Samuel Weiss 10703: 10695: 10657: 10594: 10572:Allan Ronald 10561: 10559:Rémi Quirion 10553: 10535: 10522: 10520:Robert Noble 10515:David Naylor 10504: 10422:John Macleod 10392:Jeanne Mance 10386: 10383: 10359:Marc Lalonde 10353: 10351:Leonora King 10346:Wilbert Keon 10340: 10322: 10254: 10211: 10174:Brett Finlay 10153: 10146:Connie Eaves 10140: 10113:James Dosman 10087: 10075:James Collip 10034: 10012:John Bradley 9972:Charles Best 9916: 9909:Oswald Avery 9904:Maude Abbott 9898: 9835:Leslie Young 9810:Greg Stevens 9800:Larry Shaben 9790:Horst Schmid 9775:Hugh Planche 9770:Fred Peacock 9755:Marvin Moore 9695:Helen Hunley 9675:Graham Harle 9640:Bill Diachuk 9630:Jack Cookson 9625:Tom Chambers 9620:Fred Bradley 9615:Robert Bogle 9597: 9596: 9586: 9470: 9458: 9433: 9421: 9409: 9288:Daniel Woolf 9202:James George 9155: 8943: 8735: 8625: 8573: 8552: 8516: 8493: 8464: 8441: 8430:Elton, David 8409: 8394:Elton, David 8373: 8330: 8303: 8272: 8251: 8226: 8208:Bibliography 8193:. 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Retrieved 5219:the original 5176: 5170: 5161: 5155: 5143: 5093: 5053:Allan Early 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4973:Calgary West 4967: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4859:Calgary West 4853: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4745:Calgary West 4739: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4611:Calgary West 4605: 4556:Bruce Roper 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4478:Calgary West 4472: 4433: 4252: 4241:Independent 4219: 4179: 4141: 4099: 4038: 4010:Independent 3950: 3939:Grant Notley 3910: 3870: 3830: 3769: 3546: 3513: 3502:Grant Notley 3473: 3433: 3393: 3332: 3144: 3133:Grant Notley 3104: 3064: 3024: 2963: 2764: 2729: 2718:Grant Notley 2689: 2649: 2582:was renamed 2577: 2570: 2551: 2547:Blood Nation 2540: 2526: 2524: 2507: 2500: 2494: 2484: 2475: 2458: 2446: 2435: 2417: 2405: 2358: 2356:in Calgary. 2337:lay in state 2318: 2286: 2280: 2264: 2253: 2229: 2205: 2162: 2150: 2143:for leader. 2125: 2108: 2088: 2073: 2060: 2045: 2034:Heritage Day 2033: 2031: 2026:Horst Schmid 2022: 2007: 2001: 1999: 1978: 1962: 1945:Dave Barrett 1928: 1914: 1890: 1876:Horst Schmid 1873: 1858: 1844:Newfoundland 1828: 1823: 1812: 1802:, and later 1796: 1789: 1761:Oliver Mowat 1754: 1732: 1727: 1720:Grant Devine 1716:Bill Bennett 1708: 1703: 1696: 1690: 1687: 1673: 1633:Imperial Oil 1627:through the 1622: 1606: 1598: 1592: 1582: 1573: 1561: 1555: 1532: 1523: 1516: 1501: 1478: 1461: 1437:Grant Notley 1430: 1425: 1404: 1398: 1384: 1369: 1363: 1350: 1342: 1333: 1327:lowered the 1324: 1313: 1275: 1267: 1259: 1255: 1242: 1235: 1225: 1198:Calgary-West 1195: 1188: 1172: 1164: 1153: 1142:vote behind 1129: 1110: 1087: 1079: 1068: 1041: 1026: 1005: 983:to pursue a 978: 971: 947: 942: 938: 932: 900: 877: 862: 845: 834: 800: 786: 776: 749: 710: 683: 616: 615: 555: 554: 545: 544: 535: 528: 521: 514: 502: 501: 486:7/50 formula 450: 437: 419: 283:(2012-09-13) 238:Elaine McCoy 233:Succeeded by 210: 203:Calgary West 186:Succeeded by 163: 144:Succeeded by 122:Helen Hunley 94:Elizabeth II 80: 18: 10758:2012 deaths 10753:1928 births 10732:Salim Yusuf 10655:Emily Stowe 10551:Vera Peters 10462:Maud Menten 10442:Marco Marra 10437:Tak Wah Mak 10427:John McCrae 10315:David Hubel 10085:Max Cynader 10055:Bruce Chown 10027:John Browne 9937:Murray Barr 9830:Neil Webber 9725:Merv Leitch 9705:Ernie Isley 9700:Lou Hyndman 9690:Jim Horsman 9685:Hugh Horner 9645:Bill Dickie 9400:McGillivray 9253:James Corry 9197:John Machar 9099:Chancellors 8984:G. Mitchell 8894:C. Mitchell 8221:Fraser, Fil 8135:Tupper 2004 8111:Tupper 2004 8099:Tupper 2004 8087:Tupper 2004 8075:Tupper 2004 8063:Tupper 2004 8046:Fraser 2003 7438:Fraser 2003 7426:Fraser 2003 7414:Fraser 2003 7399:Fraser 2003 7387:Fraser 2003 7375:Fraser 2003 7360:Fraser 2003 7348:Fraser 2003 7333:Fraser 2003 7321:Fraser 2003 7309:Fraser 2003 7297:Fraser 2003 7150:Tupper 2004 6928:Tupper 2004 6895:Tupper 2004 6878:Tupper 2004 6851:Tupper 2004 6773:Tupper 2004 6754:Tupper 2004 6592:Tupper 2004 6565:Tupper 2004 6526:Tupper 2004 6160:Tupper 2004 5921:Tupper 2004 5835:Tupper 2004 5655:Hustak 1979 5612:Tupper 2004 5500:Tupper 2004 5467:Tupper 2004 5443:Fraser 2003 5426:Fraser 2003 5402:Fraser 2003 5383:. CFLapedia 5136:Tupper 2004 4984:Affiliation 4870:Affiliation 4842:Steve Shaw 4756:Affiliation 4723:Independent 4689:Barb Scott 4622:Affiliation 4575:Barb Scott 4489:Affiliation 4281:Neil Reimer 4083:candidates 3979:Bob Russell 3899:Harry Strom 3814:candidates 3671:Independent 3377:candidates 3269:Independent 3205:Independent 3008:candidates 2752:Independent 2633:candidates 2543:Cree Nation 2426:as well as 2272:Ed Stelmach 2261:Mike Harris 2243:and in the 2241:Jim Dinning 2233:Ralph Klein 2116:Hal Jackman 1637:Gulf Canada 1569:Lou Hyndman 1565:Hugh Horner 1540:backbencher 1445:Nick Taylor 1431:During the 1286:Bill Dickie 1246:Harry Strom 1222:Hugh Horner 1214:Lou Hyndman 1113:by-election 1102:Lou Hyndman 1083:Merv Leitch 1037:backbencher 1009:John Ballem 902:The Gateway 810: Bauld 758:'s federal 221:Preceded by 191:Harry Strom 174:Preceded by 132:Preceded by 10747:Categories 10673:James Till 10615:Hans Selye 10592:Ian Rusted 10587:Claude Roy 10300:Jack Hirsh 10108:John Dirks 10093:Paul David 9745:Bud Miller 9715:David King 9680:Bert Hohol 9655:Roy Farran 9429:Harradence 9185:Principals 8706:Greenfield 8691:Rutherford 8635:1996–2002 8627:Chancellor 7846:2466404203 7712:2264010216 7648:2054480825 7623:2263706253 7598:2466223611 6245:Elton 1981 6207:Elton 1981 6195:Elton 1976 6183:Elton 1976 6128:2258311130 5766:2253697449 5548:2253610241 5339:2396765002 5297:2396793629 5085:References 4725:Christian 4312:Coalition 3741:Mike Uhryn 3271:Christian 2208:Chancellor 2185:Bombardier 2147:Later life 2136:Bill Davis 1973:bankruptcy 1815:oil crisis 1704:Oil Accord 1670:Bill Davis 1329:voting age 849:estate tax 820:, federal 797:Early life 779:Chancellor 371:Profession 335:Alma mater 263:1928-07-26 10242:Jean Gray 10232:Phil Gold 10194:Terry Fox 10070:May Cohen 9760:Milt Pahl 9670:Don Getty 9375:Robertson 9208:John Cook 9171:Jim Leech 9106:John Cook 9049:R. Notley 8969:G. Notley 8954:Henderson 8864:Robertson 8487:"Alberta" 8435:"Alberta" 8399:"Alberta" 8351:910363674 8169:April 22, 8164:1911-9917 7814:0024-9262 7805:Maclean's 7778:0024-9262 7769:Maclean's 7739:1480-3151 7680:0024-9262 7671:Maclean's 7533:Wood 1985 7521:Wood 1985 7506:Wood 1985 7489:Wood 1985 7477:Wood 1985 7465:Wood 1985 7453:Wood 1985 7266:612775748 7224:0024-9262 7215:Maclean's 7188:0024-9262 7180:Maclean's 7162:Wood 1985 7133:Wood 1985 7121:Wood 1985 7109:Wood 1985 7092:Wood 1985 7048:Wood 1985 7035:1911-9917 6824:Wood 1985 6812:Wood 1985 6800:Wood 1985 6731:0024-9262 6722:Maclean's 6703:Wood 1985 6691:Wood 1985 6676:Wood 1985 6664:Wood 1985 6649:Wood 1985 6637:Wood 1985 6625:Wood 1985 6580:Wood 1985 6538:Wood 1985 6492:Wood 1985 6480:Wood 1985 6457:1911-9917 6427:Wood 1985 6148:Wood 1985 6133:April 22, 6100:Wood 1985 6088:Wood 1985 6076:Wood 1985 6064:Wood 1985 6052:Wood 1985 6040:Wood 1985 6003:Wood 1985 5991:Wood 1985 5967:Wood 1985 5950:Wood 1985 5938:Wood 1985 5871:Wood 1985 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In 8360:Books 6451:(6). 5078:2.9% 5059:6.3% 4994:Votes 4962:2.6% 4943:8.3% 4880:Votes 4848:4.9% 4829:5.9% 4766:Votes 4734:3.8% 4714:6.5% 4695:8.1% 4676:8.7% 4632:Votes 4600:1.7% 4581:4.0% 4562:7.5% 4543:7.9% 4499:Votes 4453:100% 4434:Total 4058:100% 4039:Total 3789:100% 3770:Total 3551:100% 3352:100% 3333:Total 2983:100% 2964:Total 1282:Edson 1098:Edson 997:Tulsa 841:Métis 670:-heed 631: 627: 623: 314:( 310: 71:10th 45: 41: 37: 9538:2017 9533:2014 9528:2011 9523:2006 9518:1992 9513:1985 9508:1965 9503:1962 9498:1958 9411:Page 9368:) ¤ 9029:Jean 9004:Taft 8924:Page 8716:Reid 8578:ISBN 8559:ISBN 8523:ISBN 8500:ISBN 8471:ISBN 8448:ISBN 8416:ISBN 8380:ISBN 8347:OCLC 8337:ISBN 8314:ISBN 8287:ISBN 8256:ISBN 8237:ISBN 8197:2012 8171:2021 8160:ISSN 8033:2012 8007:2012 7978:2012 7947:2015 7920:2012 7898:2012 7872:2012 7821:2021 7810:ISSN 7785:2021 7774:ISSN 7746:2021 7735:ISSN 7687:2021 7676:ISSN 7262:OCLC 7231:2021 7220:ISSN 7195:2020 7184:ISSN 7073:ISBN 7031:ISSN 6738:2021 6727:ISSN 6464:2021 6453:ISSN 6135:2021 5704:2008 5389:2008 5367:2021 5272:2008 5227:2008 5075:402 5056:868 4959:333 4845:564 4826:674 4731:406 4711:699 4692:874 4673:930 4597:251 4578:598 4438:236 4422:693 4391:699 4101:1967 4095:1963 4081:# of 4043:243 4027:462 3832:1971 3826:1967 3812:# of 3774:293 3758:115 3720:416 3689:625 3656:768 3395:1975 3389:1971 3375:# of 3337:334 3321:357 3288:403 3026:1979 3020:1975 3006:# of 2968:344 2952:389 2651:1982 2645:1979 2631:# of 2578:The 2430:and 2422:and 2393:and 2169:ATCO 1842:and 1664:and 1462:The 1359:writ 1337:CA$ 1216:and 828:and 745:1982 743:and 741:1979 737:1975 729:1935 692:Sir 537:1982 530:1979 523:1975 516:1971 510:1967 277:Died 253:Born 201:for 9582:of 9366:NWT 8629:of 5735:doi 5049:NDP 4933:NDP 4819:NDP 4704:NDP 4552:WCC 4533:NDP 4444:65 4441:63 4286:65 4213:45 4173:47 4138:60 4135:65 4049:75 4046:65 3984:20 3944:70 3907:55 3904:75 3864:75 3780:75 3777:75 3644:14 3580:46 3518:0% 3507:75 3470:25 3467:70 3430:49 3427:75 3343:79 3340:75 3178:78 3138:79 3098:79 3061:69 3058:79 2974:79 2971:79 2907:14 2869:23 2836:29 2798:78 2758:34 2723:79 2686:74 2683:79 2210:of 2042:art 1954:hub 1939:NDP 1183:in 1115:in 995:in 808:née 781:of 668:LAW 629:AOE 361:MBA 351:LLB 349:) ( 43:AOE 10749:: 8601:– 8345:. 8308:. 8281:, 8277:. 8235:. 8231:. 8188:. 8154:. 8053:^ 8024:. 7986:^ 7964:. 7937:. 7889:. 7863:. 7802:. 7766:. 7754:^ 7733:. 7729:. 7668:. 7552:^ 7513:^ 7496:^ 7445:^ 7406:^ 7367:^ 7340:^ 7289:^ 7274:^ 7212:. 7178:. 7140:^ 7099:^ 7025:. 7001:^ 6986:^ 6947:^ 6914:^ 6885:^ 6870:^ 6843:^ 6792:^ 6761:^ 6746:^ 6719:. 6683:^ 6656:^ 6599:^ 6572:^ 6557:^ 6514:^ 6499:^ 6472:^ 6449:33 6447:. 6443:. 6391:^ 6364:^ 6331:^ 6302:^ 6273:^ 6252:^ 6235:^ 6214:^ 6167:^ 6116:. 6010:^ 5957:^ 5928:^ 5907:^ 5878:^ 5823:^ 5808:^ 5789:^ 5774:^ 5643:^ 5592:^ 5573:^ 5474:^ 5433:^ 5355:. 5262:. 5235:^ 5213:. 5202:^ 5185:^ 5126:^ 5105:^ 4419:- 4416:- 4413:- 4410:2 4388:- 4385:- 4382:- 4379:1 4366:- 4357:- 4354:- 4351:- 4348:2 4323:- 4320:1 4317:2 4295:- 4292:- 4289:- 4249:- 4246:7 4216:2 4176:- 4142:55 4112:% 4109:# 4021:- 4018:1 4015:3 3990:- 3987:3 3947:- 3911:25 3871:49 3867:6 3843:% 3840:# 3783:- 3764:- 3755:- 3752:- 3749:- 3746:3 3726:- 3717:- 3714:- 3711:- 3708:2 3683:- 3680:- 3677:4 3662:- 3653:- 3650:- 3647:- 3629:- 3620:- 3617:- 3614:- 3611:3 3589:- 3586:- 3583:- 3560:* 3543:* 3540:1 3510:1 3434:69 3406:% 3403:# 3318:- 3315:- 3312:- 3309:7 3294:- 3285:- 3282:- 3279:- 3276:1 3251:- 3248:- 3245:- 3242:3 3220:- 3217:- 3214:- 3211:8 3187:- 3184:- 3181:- 3149:- 3141:1 3109:- 3101:4 3065:74 3037:% 3034:# 2977:- 2949:- 2946:- 2943:- 2940:8 2925:* 2916:- 2913:- 2910:- 2875:- 2872:4 2845:- 2842:- 2839:- 2816:- 2807:- 2804:- 2801:- 2761:- 2726:1 2690:75 2662:% 2659:# 2549:. 2434:. 2278:. 2222:. 2203:. 2191:, 2187:, 2183:, 2179:, 2171:, 2160:. 2106:. 2066:. 2058:. 2006:, 1992:. 1984:, 1960:. 1851:. 1838:, 1639:, 1635:, 1443:, 1273:. 1146:. 999:, 964:. 739:, 655:iː 649:ɔː 633:QC 625:CC 621:PC 347:BA 316:m. 47:QC 39:CC 35:PC 10722:Y 10704:W 10696:V 10658:T 10595:S 10562:R 10554:Q 10536:P 10523:O 10505:N 10387:M 10354:L 10341:K 10323:J 10255:H 10212:G 10154:F 10141:E 10088:D 10035:C 9917:B 9899:A 9879:e 9872:t 9865:v 9572:e 9565:t 9558:v 9364:( 9334:e 9327:t 9320:v 9204:* 9083:e 9076:t 9069:v 8845:e 8838:t 8831:v 8672:e 8665:t 8658:v 8586:. 8567:. 8531:. 8508:. 8479:. 8456:. 8424:. 8388:. 8353:. 8322:. 8295:. 8264:. 8245:. 8199:. 8173:. 8035:. 8009:. 7980:. 7949:. 7922:. 7900:. 7874:. 7848:. 7823:. 7787:. 7748:. 7714:. 7689:. 7650:. 7625:. 7600:. 7268:. 7233:. 7197:. 7081:. 7037:. 6740:. 6466:. 6137:. 5768:. 5743:. 5737:: 5706:. 5550:. 5391:. 5369:. 5341:. 5299:. 5274:. 5229:. 4999:% 4975:) 4885:% 4861:) 4771:% 4747:) 4637:% 4613:) 4504:% 4480:) 4253:1 4220:3 4180:6 3951:1 3547:1 3514:1 3474:4 3145:1 3105:4 2765:2 2730:2 661:/ 658:d 652:h 646:l 643:ˈ 640:/ 636:( 605:e 598:t 591:v 363:) 359:( 353:) 345:( 329:4 265:) 261:(

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