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Claypon took over
Christie's assets, and came to the conclusion that shipping lime, coal, iron ore and quicklime south to the larger industrial premises in the southern Swansea Valley was more productive than trying to serve a small rural population of the Usk valley to the north. They quickly sold
374:
created the final closure, as the need to scale production upwards for the larger coastal meant the heavily manual process of
Penwyllt quarry was uneconomic compared to other British and foreign facilities which could bulk ship by sea. The Penwyllt Inn, or 'Stump' as it was often known, closed in
410:
The quarry, though not the railway, re-opened in 2007 to provide limestone for the works associated with a new gas pipeline being laid through South Wales. In 2008 it was again dormant. In 2009 it was operational but at a relatively low level of activity.
383:
line. The line north of the station closed to Brecon, and by the end of the 1960s the population had fallen to 20 people. The railway line south to Neath remained open until 1977 to serve the quarry until it ceased major production and effectively closed.
165:, a Scottish businessman based in London, who had become wealthy through the import of indigo. Christie developed a limestone quarry at Penwyllt, and decided to develop lime kilns there as well. In 1820 he moved to
645:
cyn.JPG :: Craig y Nos
Station at Penwyllt looking north on 14 April 2006. The Neath & Brecon line to this point lingered on to serve the adjacent quarry until 1977 (officially closed 1981)
341:
As industrial activity declined with reducing economic stocks of coal, iron ore and limestone and the development of new technologies on a larger scale on the coast of South Wales, particularly at
191:
Christie was declared bankrupt in 1827 and most of his assets, including the tramroad, eventually passed to his principal creditor, Joseph
Claypon, of the banking house of Garfit & Claypon in
217:
a bank of four kilns near the
Penwyllt Inn erected in around 1863 to 1867 by, it is thought, the Brecon Coal & Lime Co. There is a loading bank for railway wagons in front of the kilns
395:
The former pub survives as private accommodation for cavers. The former Craig-y-nos station survives in reasonable repair as a private holiday cottage. Patti Row, a historic block of
204:
or leased the farms and developments north of
Fforest Fawr and concentrated on expanding the lime kilns at or around Penwyllt. In total there were fifteen lime kilns at Penwyllt:
126:
Subsequently, Penwyllt also supported the
Penwyllt Dinas Silica Brick company, which quarried silica sand at Pwll Byfre from which it manufactured refractory bricks, a form of
590:
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Many of the former industrial buildings, commercial properties and houses of
Penwyllt were demolished in the early 1980s, being both beyond economic repair and unneeded.
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still occupied are in Powell Street and form the headquarters of the South Wales Caving Club, and the South & Mid Wales Cave Rescue Team SWCC Cottage
509:
Matthews, Helen, (1991), "Penwyllt
Village, Growth, Development and Decline", Local History Dissertation, University College of Swansea (25MB pdf file)
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325:. She built a road from the castle to the station and had a separate waiting room built. The railway supplied her in return with her own
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between 1836 and 1842, the bank of seven kilns has been largely destroyed by quarry tipping. Only one draw arch can now be seen
556:
233:
The 1825 and 1827 kilns built by Joseph
Claypon have been largely demolished, although the single draw arch can still be seen
119:
in the industrial processes in the lower Swansea Valley, taking limestone from the quarries and turning it into quicklime in
567:
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Barrie, D.S.M., A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain, Vol. 12 South Wales. David & Charles, 1980.
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161:("Great Forest of Brecknock") was enclosed or divided up into fields, and large parts of it became the property of
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130:, at the Penwyllt brick works (closed 1937 or 1939). The bricks were destined for use in industrial furnaces. A
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in the UK. A corresponding area on the surface is also part of the national nature reserve, on the slopes of
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184:. A branch served the Gwaun Clawdd Colliery on the northern slopes of Mynydd y Drum and was extended to the
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and silica brick production centre, its fortunes rose and fell as a result of the Industrial Revolution in
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266:. The population of Penwyllt grew on this increased transport ability to over 500 citizens by the
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A detailed account of the history of Penwyllt and its industries was provided by Matthews(1991).
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through Fforest Fawr by way of the limestone quarries at Penwyllt to the Drim Colliery near
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two lime kilns created in the railway age by "Jeffreys, Powell and Williams", dated 1878
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An historic and photographic exploration of Penwyllt by John Ball and Venita Roylance
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was filmed in Penwyllt to stand in for the fictional village of Brynblaidd in the
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The Brecon Forest Tramroads: the archaeology of an early railway system
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Hughes, Stephen, The Brecon Forest Tramroads, RCAHM in Wales, 1990,
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1948, and in October 1962 all passenger services were withdrawn by
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1988 Aerial shot of Penwyllt quarry and railway at Casglu'r Tlysau
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53:; currently administered as part of the unitary authority of
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Beneath Penwyllt and the surrounding area is the extensive
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mainline. An early and unsuccessful purchaser of the new
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Penwyllt developed primarily as a result of the need for
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430:, where the titular team faces a group of cannibals.
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94:, part of which was the first designated underground
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Victorian Ystradgynlais - The Brecon Forest Tramroad
482:
The Colliery Guardian, Vol 85 pp1325-6, 19 June 1903
329:, which she could request to go anywhere within the
281:. The railway company agreed to co-operate with the
749:
Photos of Penwyllt and surrounding area on geograph
403:, survives in a derelict state. The only group of
287:Swansea Vale and Neath and Brecon Junction Railway
237:
609:"Neath Port Talbot Museum Service - All For Coal"
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706:"Penwyllt Inn - a location from Countrycide(TW)"
455:
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273:After being authorised to extend the railway to
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142:(which on 1 July 1922 became part of the
17:
319:, who lived at and extended the nearby
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683:South & Mid Wales Cave Rescue Team
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152:
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110:
301:, when in 1863 the railway reached
13:
1081:Forden with Leighton and Trelystan
311:at Penwyllt was in part funded by
76:centre. It is in the community of
14:
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1837:Heartsease (Llanddewi Ystradenni)
1812:Four Crosses, Llanfair Caereinion
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176:The tramroad ran from a depot at
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305:, coal mining quickly expanded.
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601:
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568:Penwyllt - Twyn-disgwylfa kilns
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289:linking the railway fully into
238:Second half of the 19th century
45:. It lies within a part of the
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363:had only one working furnace.
22:Powell Street, Penwyllt (2005)
1:
1807:Four Crosses, Montgomeryshire
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277:, it changed its name to the
248:Dulais Valley Mineral Railway
49:in the traditional county of
2422:Registered parks and gardens
2372:Parliamentary constituencies
737:West Brecon Cave Rescue Team
579:Penwyllt - Twyn-y-ffald kiln
460:Penwyllt - Craig-y-nos kilns
446:Cardiff Naturalists' Society
399:dating from the days of the
250:, to transport goods to the
138:, which was adjacent to the
47:Brecon Beacons National Park
7:
309:Craig-y-nos railway station
10:
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1381:Newtown and Llanllwchaiarn
557:Penwyllt, Pen-y-foel kilns
521:The Brecon Forest Tramroad
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72:. It is now an important
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1982:Llansanffraid-ym-Mechain
956:Abermule with Llandyssil
381:Neath and Brecon Railway
279:Neath and Brecon Railway
140:Neath and Brecon Railway
33:: "wild headland") is a
1972:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant
1361:Mochdre with Penstrowed
1296:Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant
732:South Wales Caving Club
672:South Wales Caving Club
264:Isambard Kingdom Brunel
96:national nature reserve
2341:Elan Valley Reservoirs
1912:Llanfihangel Nant Bran
1221:Llanfihangel Rhydithon
401:Brecon Forest Tramroad
171:Brecon Forest Tramroad
23:
1917:Llanfihangel Talyllyn
1832:Heartsease (Knighton)
966:Bausley with Criggion
824:Principal settlements
597:on 27 September 2007.
349:, Penwyllt declined.
144:Great Western Railway
37:located in the upper
21:
2500:History of Glamorgan
2319:Reservoirs and lakes
1171:Llanddewi Ystradenny
1056:Disserth and Trecoed
742:6 April 2007 at the
283:Swansea Vale Railway
242:On 29 July 1862, an
193:Boston, Lincolnshire
169:, and developed the
132:narrow-gauge railway
2397:Scheduled Monuments
1902:Llanfair Caereinion
1206:Llanfair Caereinion
861:Llanfair Caereinion
768: /
397:back-to-back houses
295:South Wales Railway
2356:Talybont Reservoir
2336:Clywedog Reservoir
1932:Llangammarch Wells
1495:Towns and villages
1286:Llanidloes Without
1051:Cwmdu and District
772:51.8286°N 3.6642°W
352:By 1870 the seven
321:Craig-y-Nos Castle
299:Fairlie locomotive
153:Christie 1819-1822
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2331:Cantref Reservoir
2326:Beacons Reservoir
2295:Montgomery Castle
1181:Llandrindod Wells
1151:Llanbadarn Fynydd
1021:Castle Caereinion
856:Llandrindod Wells
293:, as well as the
244:Act of Parliament
199:Claypon 1827-1850
111:Industrialisation
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2007:Llanwrtyd Wells
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225:Joseph Claypon
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197:
154:
151:
112:
109:
107:
104:
51:Brecknockshire
39:Swansea Valley
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2512:
2501:
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2475:
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2432:High Sheriffs
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2285:Llangoed Hall
2283:
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2278:
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2275:Colwyn Castle
2273:
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2260:Castell Dinas
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2132:Pont Crugnant
2130:
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2110:
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2015:
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1867:Llanafan Fawr
1865:
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1792:Esgairgeiliog
1790:
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1780:
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1775:
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1768:
1765:
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1757:Cwrt-y-Gollen
1755:
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1532:Abercynllaith
1530:
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1513:
1510:
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1486:Ystradgynlais
1484:
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1356:Merthyr Cynog
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1142:
1141:Llanafan Fawr
1139:
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1129:
1127:
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916:Ystradgynlais
914:
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661:1-871184-05-3
658:
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498:0-7153-7970-4
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472:
467:
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447:
442:
438:
431:
429:
425:
424:
419:
418:
414:In 2006, the
412:
408:
406:
402:
398:
388:
385:
382:
378:
373:
364:
362:
358:
355:
354:blast furnace
350:
348:
344:
334:
332:
328:
324:
322:
318:
317:Adelina Patti
314:
310:
306:
304:
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288:
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232:
231:Twyn-y-ffald:
229:
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222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
205:
196:
194:
189:
187:
186:Swansea Canal
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
164:
163:John Christie
160:
150:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
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97:
93:
89:
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63:
58:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
20:
16:
2305:Powis Castle
2232:Ystradfellte
2111:
1992:Llanwchaiarn
1872:Llanbrynmair
1717:Commins Coch
1692:Church Stoke
1687:Cemmaes Road
1667:Capel-y-ffin
1637:Builth Wells
1507:Aber Clydach
1481:Ystradfellte
1216:Llanfihangel
1161:Llanbrynmair
941:Abbey Cwmhir
836:Builth Wells
753:
700:
694:SWCC Cottage
689:
678:
667:
651:
640:
629:
617:. Retrieved
613:the original
603:
595:the original
585:
574:
563:
552:
541:
533:
528:
520:
515:
504:
488:
477:
466:
441:
421:
415:
413:
409:
394:
391:21st century
386:
377:British Rail
372:World War II
370:
367:20th century
351:
340:
337:Decline 1870
327:railroad car
307:
286:
278:
272:
256:Briton Ferry
246:created the
241:
230:
220:
214:
208:
202:
190:
175:
159:Fforest Fawr
156:
148:
125:
114:
100:Carreg Cadno
82:
59:
26:
25:
15:
2351:Lake Vyrnwy
2300:Painscastle
2192:Three Cocks
2152:Sennybridge
2137:Pontdolgoch
2127:Plas Esgair
2082:Painscastle
2017:Llanymynech
1907:Llanfechain
1892:Llandysilio
1722:Crickhowell
1502:Abbeycwmhir
1391:Painscastle
1336:Machynlleth
1241:Llangattock
1236:Llangamarch
1226:Llanfrynach
1211:Llanfechain
1191:Llandysilio
1126:Honddu Isaf
1106:Glyn Tarell
1046:Crickhowell
1026:Churchstoke
934:Communities
881:Machynlleth
841:Crickhowell
775: /
423:Countrycide
343:Port Talbot
268:1881 Census
215:Pen-y-foel:
178:Sennybridge
70:South Wales
2489:Categories
2442:Public art
2290:Mediomanum
2265:Castell Du
2207:Trefeglwys
2167:Staylittle
2142:Pontrobert
2097:Partrishow
2092:Pant-y-Dwr
2062:New Radnor
2027:Llawryglyn
2002:Llanwrthwl
1952:Llangynidr
1937:Llangedwyn
1927:Llangadfan
1922:Llanfyllin
1897:Llanelwedd
1887:Llandrinio
1842:Heol Senni
1827:Hay-on-Wye
1737:Cwmdauddwr
1732:Crossgates
1647:Buttington
1572:Abertridwr
1552:Aberhafesp
1547:Abergwydol
1542:Abergwesyn
1512:Aberbechan
1441:Trefeglwys
1431:Tawe-Uchaf
1406:Presteigne
1386:Old Radnor
1376:New Radnor
1366:Montgomery
1316:Llanwrthwl
1281:Llanidloes
1271:Llangyniew
1266:Llangynidr
1256:Llangunllo
1246:Llangedwyn
1231:Llanfyllin
1196:Llanelwedd
1186:Llandrinio
1156:Llanbister
1111:Guilsfield
1091:Glantwymyn
1076:Felin-fach
1016:Carreghofa
951:Aberhafesp
896:Presteigne
886:Montgomery
871:Llanidloes
866:Llanfyllin
846:Hay-on-Wye
760:51°49′43″N
434:References
361:Ynyscedwyn
136:brickworks
128:fire brick
121:lime kilns
90:system of
78:Tawe-Uchaf
2462:Geography
2415:Grade II*
2202:Trecastle
2177:Talerddig
2162:St Harmon
2072:Newchurch
2057:Nant Glas
2047:Milebrook
2012:Llanwrtyd
1987:Llansilin
1962:Llangynyw
1957:Llangynog
1947:Llangurig
1882:Llandinam
1817:Gladestry
1762:Derwenlas
1677:Cathedine
1657:Caehopkin
1627:Boughrood
1597:Bacheldre
1577:Aberyscir
1557:Aberhosan
1522:Abercegir
1466:Welshpool
1416:St Harmon
1311:Llanwddyn
1306:Llansilin
1276:Llangynog
1261:Llangurig
1201:Llanerfyl
1176:Llandinam
1116:Gwernyfed
1086:Gladestry
911:Welshpool
763:3°39′51″W
417:Torchwood
357:ironworks
262:built by
223:Built by
117:quicklime
85:limestone
66:quicklime
64:village,
62:quarrying
60:A former
2212:Tregynon
2182:Talgarth
2172:Sycharth
2117:Penybont
2112:Penwyllt
2102:Penegoes
1997:Llanwrin
1942:Llangors
1877:Llanddew
1852:Knucklas
1822:Glasbury
1797:Felindre
1747:Cwmtwrch
1727:Criggion
1712:Coelbren
1682:Cefnllys
1642:Burgedin
1632:Bronllys
1602:Beguildy
1567:Abernant
1562:Abermule
1527:Abercraf
1517:Aberbran
1451:Tregynon
1436:Trallong
1421:Talgarth
1411:Rhayader
1401:Penybont
1291:Llanigon
1251:Llangors
1166:Llanddew
1136:Knighton
1096:Glasbury
1001:Cadfarch
991:Bronllys
971:Beguildy
906:Talgarth
901:Rhayader
851:Knighton
740:Archived
619:17 April
420:episode
347:Llanwern
157:In 1819
27:Penwyllt
2437:Museums
2410:Grade I
2387:Schools
2242:Castles
2217:Trewern
2197:Tirabad
2122:Pilleth
2107:Pennant
2032:Llyswen
2022:Llanyre
1857:Libanus
1777:Dolyhir
1772:Dolfach
1767:Dolanog
1752:Cwmwysg
1702:Clatter
1697:Cilmery
1662:Caersws
1607:Berriew
1592:Arddlin
1587:Aithnen
1537:Aberedw
1471:Whitton
1456:Trewern
1446:Treflys
1371:Nantmel
1346:Manafon
1341:Maescar
1326:Llanyre
1101:Glascwm
1031:Cilmery
1006:Caersws
976:Berriew
946:Aberedw
891:Newtown
315:singer
303:Crynant
182:Onllwyn
106:History
2382:Places
2365:Topics
2222:Tylwch
2052:Morben
2042:Meifod
2037:Llywel
1787:Erwood
1782:Dylife
1617:Beulah
1351:Meifod
1331:Llywel
1071:Erwood
1066:Dwyriw
1061:Duhonw
996:Builth
986:Brecon
981:Bettws
831:Brecon
659:
496:
275:Brecon
167:Brecon
74:caving
35:hamlet
2474:Wales
2392:SSSIs
2087:Pandy
1847:Kerry
1802:Forge
1742:Cwmdu
1707:Clyro
1672:Carno
1652:Bwlch
1476:Yscir
1131:Kerry
1036:Clyro
1011:Carno
961:Banwy
817:Powys
379:from
313:opera
291:Neath
260:Neath
252:docks
55:Powys
43:Wales
31:Welsh
2157:Soar
2147:Sarn
1862:Llan
1582:Adfa
1041:Cray
657:ISBN
621:2007
494:ISBN
345:and
88:cave
1121:Hay
359:of
254:at
146:).
41:in
2491::
452:^
333:.
270:.
258:,
195:.
188:.
173:.
123:.
102:.
80:.
57:.
809:e
802:t
795:v
708:.
623:.
29:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
