27:
878:
112:
before progressing into military or ecclesiastical roles. Various branches of the family became involved in both sides of the political disputes that engulfed their territory, which may have been why Pedro de
Portocarrero left Spain. He arrived in Mexico in late 1521 or early 1522.
100:. He was of Portuguese ancestry, from a family that became prominent in the borderlands between Spain and Portugal. As a younger son of the Count of Medellín, Pedro served in a minor role in the court of the future
277:
Some sources claim Pedro de
Portocarrero's father was also named Pedro de Portocarrero, and was married to Inés de Alvarado, who was the paternal aunt of Pedro de Alvarado; see for example Vega 2003, p.
576:(PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico City, Mexico: Centro de Investigaciones Filológicas with Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social (CIESAS). pp. 71–85.
96:
Portocarrero was one of the few members of the
Spanish aristocracy that took part in the early stages of the Spanish conquest of the Americas; his father was the second count of
743:
245:
valley, where an uprising against the
Spanish was underway. Portocarrero died "of old age" before 1539. At the time of his death, he still held Sacatepéquez and Ostuncalco in
528:
3339:
57:. He was one of the few Spanish noblemen that took part in the early stages of the Spanish conquest of the Americas, and was distantly related to prominent conquistador
659:
209:
In late 1527, Portocarrero led an expedition into
Chiapas and, in January 1528, successfully established the first Spanish town there, within the territory of the
237:
Pedro de
Portocarrero married Alvarado's daughter Leanor, probably in early 1536. In 1536, Portocarrero accompanied Alvarado to Honduras and fought against the
776:
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1478:
2489:
1404:
736:
3407:
570:
Lenkersdorf, Gudrun (2004) . "La resistencia a la conquista española en Los Altos de
Chiapas". In Juan Pedro Viqueira and Mario Humberto Ruz (eds.).
242:
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2449:
504:
3412:
2499:
729:
643:(in Spanish) (2nd ed.). Guatemala City, Guatemala: CENALTEX Centro Nacional de Libros de Texto y Material Didáctico "José de Pineda Ibarra".
572:
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180:(magistrates) of Guatemala. In the late 1520s Portocarrero was successful in putting down a Kaqchikel rebellion. Shortly after the initial
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551:(in Spanish). Mexico City, Mexico: Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM).
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2018:
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Ladinos with
Ladinos, Indians with Indians: Land, Labor, and Regional Ethnic Conflict in the Making of Guatemala
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73:. Pedro de Portocarrero was the son of Juan Portocarrero. Portocarrero's paternal grandfather was the
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129:. He was placed under the command of Pedro de Alvarado and took part in the campaigns of conquest in
19:
This article is about the
Spanish conquistador of Guatemala and Chiapas. Not to be confused with the
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508:(in Spanish). Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH).
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Pedro de
Portocarrero was a nobleman who was distantly related to prominent conquistador
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2535:
2408:
1906:
1886:
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1434:
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1063:
1002:
937:
721:
605:. Civilization of the American Indian. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press.
505:
Los dominicos en Chiapas y la construcción de la catedral de San Cristóbal de las Casas
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Génesis histórica de Chiapas, 1522–1532: el conflicto entre Portocarrero y Mazariegos
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93:. One of Portocarrero's grandfathers was the paternal uncle of Pedro de Alvarado.
3462:
Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
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2828:
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1980:
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897:
815:
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663:
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142:
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602:
Strange Lands and Different Peoples: Spaniards and Indians in Colonial Guatemala
599:
Lovell, W. George; Christopher H. Lutz; Wendy Kramer; William R. Swezey (2013).
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2154:
1749:
1743:
1647:
1414:
1328:
1278:
1156:
1110:
526:
Encomienda Politics in Early Colonial Guatemala, 1524–1544: Dividing the Spoils
218:
109:
1561:
229:, and after protracted negotiations Portocarrero retreated back to Guatemala.
213:. The new town was called San Cristóbal de los Llanos, and was located in the
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820:
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1845:
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1891:
1171:
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145:. In July 1524, Pedro de Alvarado appointed Pedro de Portocarrero as a
222:
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1881:
1781:
1556:
1458:
1392:
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46:
225:. At Huixtan, Portocarrero met a rival Spanish expedition headed by
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valley. Portocarrero's expedition penetrated Chiapas as far as the
138:
108:, since the Portocarreros preferred to have their sons educated as
105:
877:
3456:
3427:
1937:
1922:
1079:
176:
163:
147:
50:
61:, who appointed him as an official in early colonial Guatemala.
2393:
1947:
1942:
1719:
701:(in Spanish). Jefferson, North Carolina and London: McFarland.
130:
121:
Pedro de Portocarrero arrived in Mexico a short time after the
54:
3434:
1708:
1372:
174:). In August 1526, Alvarado named Portocarrero as one of two
166:. Soon afterwards, Portocarrero accompanied Alvarado on his
1777:
1692:
698:
Conquistadoras: Mujeres Heroicas de la Conquista de America
1670:
751:
681:
Forced Native Labor in Sixteenth-Century Central America
151:(councillor) of the newly founded Spanish settlement of
449:
447:
1425:
Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
641:
Pedro de Alvarado: Conquistador de México y Guatemala
202:
in Guatemala, which incorporated the entire southern
308:
306:
444:
329:
327:
296:
294:
684:Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
667:Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
303:
3483:
414:Lovell, Lutz, Kramer and Swezey 2013, pp. 22–23.
1969:
324:
291:
321:Polo Sifontes 1986, p. 61. Kramer 1994, p. 54.
184:, Alvarado granted Portocarrero the extensive
81:. His mother was Beatriz Pacheco, daughter of
1614:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
1095:
737:
626:Los Cakchiqueles en la Conquista de Guatemala
1289:Independence of Spanish continental Americas
45:who was active in the early 16th century in
89:, a powerful nobleman in the court of King
1102:
1088:
744:
730:
3408:Colonial universities in Hispanic America
3413:Colonial universities in the Philippines
64:
25:
2404:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
536:Boulder, Colorado, US: Westview Press.
153:Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala
3484:
3357:
502:Gómez Coutiño, José Francisco (2014).
77:Rodrigo Portocarrero, a knight of the
34:, marking Pedro de Portocarrero's tomb
30:Modern memorial stone in the ruins of
3356:
3252:
3251:
2375:
2253:
1968:
1827:
1795:
1732:
1669:
1584:
1507:
1447:
1361:
1350:
1122:
1121:
1083:
725:
232:
1685:Captaincy General of the Philippines
1177:New Laws in favour of the indigenous
753:Spanish colonization of the Americas
573:Chiapas: los rumbos de otra historia
520:on 2014-11-17. Retrieved 2014-11-05.
127:Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
125:, and thus did not take part in the
3388:Indochristian painting in New Spain
1508:
628:(in Spanish). Guatemala: CENALTEX.
116:
21:late 16th-century Spanish clergyman
13:
2355:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires
1828:
1109:
41:(c. 1504 – c. 1539) was a Spanish
14:
3558:
1585:
1448:
1329:Independence of Equatorial Guinea
3440:Criollos in the colonial society
3368:Spanish missions in the Americas
2490:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
1069:Spanish missions in the Americas
876:
480:Recinos 1952, 1986, pp. 166–167.
423:Recinos 1952, 1986, pp. 119–120.
198:, the largest and most valuable
3497:16th century in Central America
3467:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649
1351:
624:Polo Sifontes, Francis (1986).
483:
474:
465:
456:
435:
426:
417:
408:
399:
390:
381:
372:
3512:16th-century Spanish explorers
1796:
1519:Captaincy General of Guatemala
1227:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
363:
354:
345:
336:
315:
271:
155:, at that time located at the
1:
3418:General Archive of the Indies
2679:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
2350:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
2335:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
1284:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
1237:War of the Spanish Succession
1202:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
933:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
495:
182:Spanish invasion of Guatemala
102:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
2376:
1490:Captaincy General of Yucatan
1420:Union with Holy Roman Empire
1399:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of
1314:German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
678:Sherman, William L. (1979).
547:Lenkersdorf, Gudrun (1993).
441:Reeves 2006, pp. 23, 201n25.
378:Lenkersdorf 1993, pp. 44–45.
369:Lenkersdorf 1993, pp. 46–47.
342:Lenkersdorf 1993, pp. 43–44.
285:
264:
7:
2254:
1970:Administrative subdivisions
1167:War of the League of Cognac
489:Recinos 1952, 1986, p. 224.
432:Recinos 1952, 1986, p. 132.
405:Recinos 1952, 1986, p. 100.
396:Lenkersdorf 1993, p. 46n49.
259:Spanish conquest of Chiapas
252:
10:
3563:
3537:Spanish colonial officials
2684:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
2669:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
2571:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
1733:
1469:), Western United States (
1362:
1232:Portuguese Restoration War
1033:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
1023:Tristán de Luna y Arellano
923:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
918:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
471:Sherman 1979, pp. 157–158.
462:Gómez Coutiño 2014, p. 58.
453:Gómez Coutiño 2014, p. 57.
18:
3502:16th century in Guatemala
3452:Slavery in Spanish Empire
3363:
3352:
3258:
3247:
3145:
3039:
3032:
2917:
2766:
2759:
2752:
2739:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
2649:
2518:
2480:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
2442:
2386:
2382:
2371:
2340:Barcelona Trading Company
2307:
2264:
2260:
2249:
2153:
2105:New Andalusia (1501–1513)
2075:
2017:
1979:
1975:
1964:
1915:
1874:
1838:
1834:
1823:
1802:
1739:
1680:
1612:Venezuela, part of Guyana
1591:
1514:
1465:, Central United States (
1454:
1368:
1357:
1346:
1197:Bruneian–Spanish conflict
1182:Expulsion of the Moriscos
1128:
1117:
1051:
885:
874:
759:
639:Recinos, Adrian (1986) .
3522:Colonial Central America
3393:Quito painting tradition
3383:Cusco painting tradition
2744:García López de Cárdenas
2734:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
2641:Felipe González de Ahedo
2561:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
1138:Conquest of the Americas
943:Luis de Carvajal y Cueva
913:Bernal Díaz del Castillo
695:Vega, Carlos B. (2003).
387:Lenkersdorf 1993, p. 46.
360:Lenkersdorf 1993, p. 42.
333:Lenkersdorf 1993, p. 44.
312:Lenkersdorf 2004, p. 78.
300:Lenkersdorf 1993, p. 51.
3178:Comuneros (New Granada)
2955:Balearic Islands (1558)
2674:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
2601:Ruy López de Villalobos
2556:Miguel López de Legazpi
2470:García de Toledo Osorio
1334:Western Sahara conflict
1324:Independence of Morocco
1264:Treaty of Madrid (1750)
1207:Piracy in the Caribbean
1192:French Wars of Religion
953:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
928:Sebastián de Belalcázar
168:expedition to Cuzcatlan
3507:16th century in Mexico
3423:Colonial Spanish Horse
3097:Colonia del Sacramento
2320:Spanish treasure fleet
1897:Royal Decree of Graces
948:Bartolomé de las Casas
35:
3517:People from New Spain
3492:Spanish conquistadors
2581:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
2541:Juan Sebastián Elcano
1856:Council of the Indies
1217:Spanish–Moro conflict
1187:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
1147:Treaty of Tordesillas
1028:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
983:Pedro de Portocarrero
978:Francisco de Orellana
523:Kramer, Wendy (1994)
351:Kramer 1994, p.54n18.
65:Family and background
39:Pedro de Portocarrero
29:
3378:Mesoamerican Codices
3102:Comuneros (Paraguay)
2940:Siege of Castelnuovo
2526:Christopher Columbus
2345:Consulate of the Sea
2325:Casa de Contratación
1916:Titles and positions
1309:Spanish–American War
1299:Liberal constitution
1142:Asia and the Pacific
963:Francisco de Montejo
893:Christopher Columbus
654:Reeves, René (2006)
596:(PDF) on 2014-11-13.
123:fall of Tenochtitlan
16:Spanish conquistador
3107:Cartagena de Indias
2729:Diego de Mazariegos
2699:Pere Fages i Beleta
2566:Sebastián de Ocampo
2047:Provincias Internas
2019:Captaincies General
1933:Municipal president
1902:School of Salamanca
1673:Spanish East Indies
1652:Misiones Orientales
1524:Spanish West Indies
1488:, Central America (
1435:Pyrénées-Orientales
1388:Union with Portugal
1279:Napoleonic invasion
1259:War of Jenkins' Ear
227:Diego de Mazariegos
91:Henry IV of Castile
87:Marquess of Villena
3527:Colonial Guatemala
3403:Academia Antártica
3358:Other civil topics
2724:Pánfilo de Narváez
2626:Sebastián Vizcaíno
2591:Andrés de Urdaneta
2551:Juan Ponce de León
2536:Ferdinand Magellan
2510:Bernardo de Gálvez
2409:Indian auxiliaries
1907:Trial of residence
1887:Laws of the Indies
1671:Asia and Oceania (
1532:Dominican Republic
1064:Indian auxiliaries
1003:Nikolaus Federmann
968:Pánfilo de Narváez
958:Juan Ponce de León
777:Strait of Magellan
662:2017-04-26 at the
531:2017-04-26 at the
233:Marriage and death
36:
3479:
3478:
3475:
3474:
3348:
3347:
3253:Spanish conquests
3243:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3028:
3027:
2709:Pedro de Alvarado
2694:Gaspar de Portolà
2689:Pedro de Valdivia
2664:Francisco Pizarro
2616:Nicolás de Ovando
2611:Alonso de Ercilla
2586:Alonso de Salazar
2419:Ships of the line
2367:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1791:
1790:
1748:Northern Africa (
1744:Equatorial Guinea
1728:
1727:
1665:
1664:
1580:
1579:
1503:
1502:
1494:Spanish Caribbean
1467:Spanish Louisiana
1443:
1442:
1378:Crown of Castille
1342:
1341:
1319:Spanish Civil War
1294:Adams–Onís Treaty
1274:Nootka Convention
1222:Thirty Years' War
1212:Eighty Years' War
1133:Catholic Monarchs
1123:Timeline–immersed
1077:
1076:
998:Pedro de Valdivia
988:Francisco Pizarro
908:Pedro de Alvarado
772:Pacific Northwest
611:978-0-8061-4390-3
514:978-607-8363-17-9
79:Order of Santiago
71:Pedro de Alvarado
59:Pedro de Alvarado
32:Antigua cathedral
3554:
3354:
3353:
3320:Chibchan Nations
3249:
3248:
3218:Santiago de Cuba
3077:Guadalupe Island
3037:
3036:
2764:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2719:Diego de Almagro
2596:Antonio de Ulloa
2500:Ambrosio Spinola
2495:Pedro de Zubiaur
2465:Alfonso d'Avalos
2455:Antonio de Leyva
2399:Army of Flanders
2384:
2383:
2373:
2372:
2262:
2261:
2251:
2250:
1977:
1976:
1966:
1965:
1836:
1835:
1825:
1824:
1793:
1792:
1766:Peñón of Algiers
1730:
1729:
1667:
1666:
1582:
1581:
1505:
1504:
1487:
1445:
1444:
1359:
1358:
1348:
1347:
1269:Seven Years' War
1242:Queen Anne's War
1119:
1118:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1038:Amerigo Vespucci
993:Hernando de Soto
903:Diego de Almagro
880:
746:
739:
732:
723:
722:
592:. Archived from
516:. Archived from
490:
487:
481:
478:
472:
469:
463:
460:
454:
451:
442:
439:
433:
430:
424:
421:
415:
412:
406:
403:
397:
394:
388:
385:
379:
376:
370:
367:
361:
358:
352:
349:
343:
340:
334:
331:
322:
319:
313:
310:
301:
298:
279:
275:
117:Spanish conquest
3562:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3551:
3532:Colonial Mexico
3482:
3481:
3480:
3471:
3447:Old inquisition
3359:
3344:
3254:
3227:
3183:Trinidad (1797)
3153:La Noche Triste
3141:
3137:San Juan (1797)
3087:San Juan (1595)
3024:
2913:
2753:Notable battles
2748:
2714:Martín de Ursúa
2645:
2576:Alonso de Ojeda
2546:Juan de la Cosa
2531:Pinzón brothers
2514:
2485:John of Austria
2460:Martín de Goiti
2438:
2378:
2359:
2303:
2256:
2237:
2149:
2145:Terra Australis
2140:Río de la Plata
2085:Castilla de Oro
2071:
2013:
2009:Río de la Plata
1971:
1952:
1911:
1870:
1866:Santa Hermandad
1830:
1811:
1807:Terra Australis
1798:
1787:
1754:Spanish Morocco
1735:
1724:
1715:Northern Taiwan
1676:
1661:
1632:Río de la Plata
1587:
1576:
1510:
1509:Central America
1499:
1481:
1450:
1439:
1383:Crown of Aragon
1364:
1353:
1338:
1254:Bourbon Reforms
1124:
1113:
1108:
1078:
1073:
1047:
1043:Juan de la Cosa
1013:Pedro de Candia
898:Alonso de Ojeda
881:
872:
755:
750:
720:
664:Wayback Machine
533:Wayback Machine
498:
493:
488:
484:
479:
475:
470:
466:
461:
457:
452:
445:
440:
436:
431:
427:
422:
418:
413:
409:
404:
400:
395:
391:
386:
382:
377:
373:
368:
364:
359:
355:
350:
346:
341:
337:
332:
325:
320:
316:
311:
304:
299:
292:
288:
283:
282:
276:
272:
267:
255:
235:
143:Central America
119:
67:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3560:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3477:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3263:Canary Islands
3259:
3256:
3255:
3245:
3244:
3241:
3240:
3237:
3236:
3233:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3117:Túpac Amaru II
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3062:Bogotá savanna
3059:
3054:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3034:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2970:Spanish Armada
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2864:White Mountain
2861:
2859:Cape Celidonia
2856:
2854:English Armada
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2770:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2631:Juan Fernández
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2606:Diego Columbus
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2434:Army of Africa
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2414:Spanish Armada
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2369:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2315:Manila galleon
2311:
2309:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2270:
2268:
2258:
2257:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1985:
1983:
1973:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1829:Administration
1821:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1803:
1800:
1799:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1750:Western Sahara
1746:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1648:Banda Oriental
1629:
1615:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1463:Coastal Alaska
1455:
1452:
1451:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1355:
1354:
1344:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1115:
1114:
1111:Spanish Empire
1107:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1008:Inés de Suárez
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
889:
887:
883:
882:
875:
873:
871:
870:
865:
860:
855:
854:
853:
848:
843:
838:
828:
823:
818:
813:
812:
811:
806:
796:
795:
794:
784:
779:
774:
769:
763:
761:
757:
756:
749:
748:
741:
734:
726:
719:
718:
693:
676:
652:
637:
622:
597:
568:
545:
521:
499:
497:
494:
492:
491:
482:
473:
464:
455:
443:
434:
425:
416:
407:
398:
389:
380:
371:
362:
353:
344:
335:
323:
314:
302:
289:
287:
284:
281:
280:
269:
268:
266:
263:
262:
261:
254:
251:
234:
231:
211:Tojolabal Maya
118:
115:
66:
63:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3559:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3398:Tapada limeña
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3365:
3362:
3355:
3351:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3250:
3246:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3044:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2990:Montes Claros
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:Vienna (1529)
2928:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2659:Hernán Cortés
2657:
2656:
2654:
2652:
2651:Conquistadors
2648:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2621:Juan de Ayala
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Duke of Savoy
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2370:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:Dollar (Peso)
2272:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2248:
2234:
2233:Santo Domingo
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2110:New Andalusia
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2057:Santo Domingo
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1981:Viceroyalties
1978:
1974:
1967:
1963:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1822:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:
1794:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1731:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1586:South America
1583:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1513:
1506:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1471:Spanish Texas
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1449:North America
1446:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Franche-Comté
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
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767:Inter caetera
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56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
22:
3547:1530s deaths
3542:1500s births
3373:Architecture
3268:The Americas
3132:Newfoundland
3122:Túpac Katari
3112:Cuerno Verde
3047:Tenochtitlan
2879:Valenciennes
2636:Luis Fajardo
2505:Blas de Lezo
2450:Duke of Alba
2330:Spanish Road
2168:Buenos Aires
2077:Governorates
1846:Ayuntamiento
1839:Organization
1304:Carlist Wars
1152:Italian Wars
982:
826:Aztec Empire
696:
679:
655:
640:
625:
600:
594:the original
571:
548:
524:
518:the original
503:
485:
476:
467:
458:
437:
428:
419:
410:
401:
392:
383:
374:
365:
356:
347:
338:
317:
273:
246:
239:Chontal Maya
236:
208:
199:
192:Sacatepéquez
185:
175:
146:
120:
95:
83:Juan Pacheco
74:
68:
53:in southern
43:conquistador
38:
37:
3340:Philippines
3305:El Salvador
2925:Capo d'Orso
2809:St. Quentin
2784:Rome (1527)
2443:Strategists
2193:Guadalajara
2120:New Navarre
2115:New Castile
2100:La Luisiana
2052:Puerto Rico
2042:Philippines
1999:New Granada
1689:Philippines
1650:(Uruguay),
1646:(Bolivia),
1596:New Granada
1536:Puerto Rico
1482: [
1352:Territories
1172:Encomiendas
858:El Salvador
787:Inca Empire
172:El Salvador
170:(in modern
3486:Categories
3010:Somosierra
3000:Manila Bay
2874:Nördlingen
2814:Gravelines
2294:Columnario
2266:Currencies
2183:Concepción
2155:Audiencias
2130:New Toledo
2095:La Florida
1928:Corregidor
1892:Papal bull
1797:Antarctica
1705:Micronesia
1162:Golden Age
1059:Encomienda
1018:Juan Pardo
782:California
496:References
247:encomienda
200:encomienda
196:Ostuncalco
187:encomienda
75:comendador
3315:Nicaragua
3293:Guatemala
3203:Pichincha
3188:Chacabuco
3127:Pensacola
3072:Mataquito
3052:Cajamarca
3033:New World
3005:Trafalgar
2909:Alhucemas
2789:Landriano
2774:Comuneros
2760:Old World
2704:Joan Orpí
2424:Royalists
2198:Guatemala
2125:New Spain
2062:Venezuela
2037:Guatemala
1994:New Spain
1989:Columbian
1882:Exequatur
1782:Cape Juby
1636:Argentina
1459:New Spain
1393:Gibraltar
1157:Habsburgs
868:Nicaragua
841:Guatemala
649:243309954
619:841201200
565:902558567
286:Citations
265:Footnotes
160:Maya city
157:Kaqchikel
47:Guatemala
3325:Colombia
3310:Honduras
3223:Asomante
3208:Ayacucho
3198:Carabobo
3173:Curalaba
2950:Ceresole
2844:Gembloux
2804:Mühlberg
2519:Mariners
2377:Military
2299:Doubloon
2284:Maravedí
2228:Santiago
2135:Paraguay
1861:Germania
1701:Caroline
1656:Malvinas
1640:Paraguay
1600:Colombia
1542:Trinidad
1409:Sardinia
1249:Bourbons
863:Honduras
799:Colombia
715:52799815
660:Archived
634:82712257
590:36759921
529:Archived
253:See also
221:town of
206:region.
204:Mam Maya
177:alcaldes
139:Veracruz
106:Flanders
98:Medellín
3457:Asiento
3428:Mustang
3288:Yucatán
3283:Chiapas
3163:Tucapel
2995:Passaro
2945:Algiers
2935:Preveza
2904:Tetouan
2899:Vitoria
2889:Bitonto
2829:Antwerp
2824:Lepanto
2779:Bicocca
2255:Economy
2178:Charcas
2173:Caracas
2067:Yucatán
1938:Regidor
1923:Alcalde
1851:Cabildo
1758:Tripoli
1697:Mariana
1644:Charcas
1620:(Peru,
1604:Ecuador
1567:Bonaire
1562:Curazao
1547:Jamaica
1475:Florida
1052:Related
851:Yucatán
836:Chiapas
816:Florida
804:Chibcha
760:History
241:of the
223:Huixtan
219:Tzotzil
215:Comitán
164:Iximche
148:regidor
141:), and
51:Chiapas
3435:Castas
3193:Boyacá
3168:Guiana
3158:Iguape
3082:Recife
3020:Mactan
3015:Annual
2980:Rocroi
2975:Leiden
2960:Djerba
2894:Bailén
2849:Ostend
2834:Azores
2429:Legión
2394:Tercio
2387:Armies
2289:Escudo
2218:Panamá
2213:Mexico
2208:Manila
2163:Bogotá
1948:Vecino
1943:Syndic
1774:Béjaïa
1734:Africa
1720:Tidore
1608:Panama
1572:Belize
1479:Mexico
1405:Sicily
1401:Naples
1363:Europe
886:People
809:Muisca
713:
705:
688:
671:
647:
632:
617:
609:
588:
580:
563:
555:
540:
512:
135:Pánuco
131:Oaxaca
55:Mexico
49:, and
3330:Chile
3298:Petén
3273:Aztec
3092:Bahia
3067:Penco
3057:Cusco
2985:Downs
2965:Tunis
2884:Ceuta
2869:Breda
2819:Malta
2799:Tunis
2794:Pavia
2308:Trade
2223:Quito
2188:Cusco
2027:Chile
1762:Tunis
1709:Palau
1626:Chile
1557:Aruba
1552:Haiti
1486:]
1415:Milan
1373:Spain
846:Petén
821:Texas
792:Chile
110:pages
3335:Inca
3278:Maya
3213:Guam
3146:Lost
2918:Lost
2839:Mons
2279:Real
2203:Lima
2090:Cuba
2032:Cuba
2004:Perú
1780:and
1778:Ifni
1770:Oran
1693:Guam
1622:Acre
1618:Peru
1528:Cuba
1407:and
831:Maya
711:OCLC
703:ISBN
686:ISBN
669:ISBN
645:OCLC
630:OCLC
615:OCLC
607:ISBN
586:OCLC
578:ISBN
561:OCLC
553:ISBN
538:ISBN
510:ISBN
278:188.
243:Naco
194:and
3040:Won
2767:Won
1875:Law
1772:,
1492:),
1473:),
190:of
162:of
104:in
3488::
1776:,
1768:,
1764:,
1760:,
1756:,
1752:,
1707:,
1703:,
1699:,
1695:,
1691:,
1654:,
1642:,
1638:,
1624:,
1610:,
1606:,
1602:,
1534:,
1530:,
1484:es
1477:,
1403:,
1140:,
709:.
613:.
584:.
559:.
446:^
326:^
305:^
293:^
249:.
133:,
85:,
1784:)
1711:)
1687:(
1675:)
1658:)
1634:(
1628:)
1598:(
1538:)
1526:(
1496:)
1461:(
1411:)
1103:e
1096:t
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745:e
738:t
731:v
717:.
692:.
675:.
651:.
636:.
621:.
567:.
544:.
137:(
23:.
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