341:. The Chauhan force, which had a number of wounded soldiers among them, unknowingly set up a camp in the Chandela royal garden. They killed the keeper of the garden for objecting to their presence. When Paramardi learned about this, he sent some soldiers to counter the Chauhan force. The Chandelas suffered heavy losses in the ensuing conflict. Paramardi then decided to send another force led by his general
373:. First, he besieged Sirsagarh, which was held by Malkhan, a cousin of Alha and Udal. Prithviraj tried to win over Malkhan, but Malkhan remained loyal to Paramardi and fought against the invaders. After Malkhan killed eight generals of the invading army, Prithviraj himself took charge of the battle. The Chandelas ultimately lost the battle, and Malkhan was killed.
424:. However, the prolonged occupation of Mahoba or Kalanjara by Chauhans is not supported by historical evidence. Moreover, it is known that Paramardi did not die or retire immediately after the Chauhan victory. He is known to have issued several inscriptions after this event: the Kalanjara rock inscription, the 1184 CE Mahoba stone inscription, the 1187 CE
428:
stone inscription, the 1195 CE Baghari (Bateshvar) stone inscription, and the 1201 CE Kalanjara stone inscription. These records give imperial titles for
Paramardi, indicating that he remained a sovereign ruler. The Muslim chronicles also provide evidence that Paramardi ruled until the beginning of
381:
in the
Chandela territory. The Chandelas, meanwhile, requested Alha and Udal to come back from Kannauj. The two brothers were initially hesitant, but agreed to return after their mother appealed them to honour their allegiance to the Chandelas. Jaichand dispatched an army led by his best generals,
266:
in truthfulness. The
Baghari (Bateshvar) stone inscription credits him with military victories and states that other kings bowed to him, but does not name any of these kings. The Ajaygarh inscription of his grandson's wife Kalyanadevi similarly describes him as a universal sovereign, whose enemies
345:
against
Prithviraj. Udal advised against this proposal, arguing that it would not be appropriate to attack wounded soldiers or to antagonize a powerful king like Prithviraj. However, Paramardi was under the influence of his brother-in-law Mahil Parihar (Pratihara), who secretly harboured ill-will
386:
fort with some of his soldiers. His son
Brahmajit, along with Alha and Udal, led the Chandela army against Prithviraj Chauhan. In the ensuing battle, the Chandelas were defeated. Brahmajit, Udal and the two sons of Jaichand were killed in the conflict. After his victory, Prithviraj sacked the
416:
states that
Prithviraj appointed Pajjun Rai as the governor of Mahoba. Later, Paramardi's son Samarjit recaptured Mahoba with help of Narasimha, an officer of Jaichand. Samarjit then ruled the territory between Kalanjara and Gaya. However, no such prince is mentioned in the Chandela records.
500:, states that Parmar (Paramardi) initially offered some resistance, but then fled to the safety of the fort. Subsequently, he surrendered before ruler of Delhi, and agreed to be his vassal. He promised to pay a tribute to the Sultan, but died before he could execute this agreement. His
531:, in the Hijri year 599, on Monday. However, this date corresponds to 12 April 1203 CE, which was a Friday. Based on different interpretations of the historical sources, different scholars date the fall of Kalanjara to either 1202 CE or 1203 CE.
346:
against the
Chandelas. Mahil instigated Paramardi to go ahead with the attack plan. The Chandela force led by Udal then launched a second attack against the Chauhan army, but was defeated. The situation subsided when Prithviraj left for Delhi.
376:
Prithviraj then started a march towards Mahoba. Facing an imminent defeat, Paramardi and his nobles sought a truce on the advice of his chief queen Malhan Devi. Prithviraj agreed to the truce, but remained encamped on the banks of the
454:
inscription, while one of
Paramardi's predecessors had imprisoned the wives of the earthly rulers, Paramardi's heroics made even the divine rulers anxious about the safety of their wives. As a result, the gods let loose an army of
508:
further states that after the
Sultanate's victory, temples were converted into mosques and 50,000 men were taken as slaves. Qutb al-Din Aibak appointed Hazabbar-ud-Din Hasan Arnal as the governor of Kalanjara, and also captured
365:. Mahil then sent a secret message to Prithviraj Chauhan, informing him that the best generals of Paramardi had left Mahoba. Instigated by him, Prithviraj set out from Delhi in 1182 CE and marched to the Chandela territory via
254:
Several
Chandela inscriptions also mention Paramardi, but these contain little historical information. For example, the Semra copper-plate inscription vaguely eulogizes him as someonoe who surpassed
504:
Aj Deo (Ajaya-Deva) continued to resist the ruler of Delhi after his death. The dewan was finally forced to surrender as the water reservoirs within the fort dried up during a drought.
390:
Next, Prithviraj dispatched his general Chavand Rai to Kalanjara. The Chauhan army captured the fort, took Paramardi as prisoner, and marched back towards Delhi. According to the
516:
The 16th century Muslim historian Firishta states that Paramardi was assassinated by his own minister, who disagreed with the king's decision to surrender to the Delhi forces.
420:
The exact historicity of this legendary narrative is debatable, but it is known that Prithviraj Chauhan indeed sacked Mahoba. This is corroborated by his stone inscriptions at
394:, Alha's son Indal Kumar launched a surprise attack on the returning Chauhan army, and freed Paramardi. Out of shame, Paramardi later committed suicide at the Gajraj temple.
326:
invaded the Chandela kingdom of Jejakabhukti. The Chandela records do not mention this invasion, presumably to avoid describing the humiliating defeat of their king.
337:). The Chauhan army managed to repulse the attacks, but suffered serious casualties in the process. They lost their way, and arrived in the Chandela capital
1105:
432:
The 1195 CE Bateshvar inscription states that other feudatory kings bowed before him, and the 1201 CE Kalanjara inscription describes him as the lord of
302:
inscription states that the lord of Tripuri fainted whenever he heard the songs about Paramardi's bravery. This suggests that Paramardi defeated a
295:. This indicates that in the early part of his reign, Paramardi retained the territories that he had inherited from his grandfather Madanavarman.
588:) of Paramardi. Gangadhara and his brother Jaunadhara are said to have fought at Kalanjara, possibly in the battle against the Delhi forces.
664:, Paramardi was tolerant towards Buddhists, Jains and Vaishnavites. A copper-plate inscription shows that when he granted a village to a
165:. It is possible that Yashovarman ruled for a very short period, or did not rule at all, having died while Madanavarman was still alive.
595:(general) Kilhana, were two Brahmin senapatis of Paramardi. Ajayapala is also known to have been a senapati of Paramardi's grandfather
436:
country. These evidences suggest that Paramardi managed to recover the Chandela power after Prithviraj Chauhan returned to Delhi.
247:
or Ballad of Alha). While these texts are based on historical events, much of their content has been fabricated to glorify either
1098:
251:
or Paramardi. Thus, these texts are of doubtful historicity, and therefore, much of Paramardi's reign is shrouded in obscurity.
196:
1302:
1297:
546:
According to the Baghari inscription, Paramardi placed the burden of government on his prime minister Sallakshana, who was a
1292:
1091:
1240:
1073:
1052:
1031:
158:
64:
267:
were left in a pitiful condition. Such claims of extensive conquests are not corroborated by historical evidence.
221:
Paramardi was the last of the powerful Chandela rulers, and has been mentioned in several legendary texts such as
1210:
382:
including two of his own sons, to support the Chandelas. Paramardi himself became nervous, and retreated to the
1163:
603:
who continued to resist the Delhi forces after Paramardi's death. The medieval bardic tradition also mentions
161:. However, other Chandela inscriptions (including those of his own) suggest that he succeeded his grandfather
1222:
1204:
307:
1192:
275:
The inscriptions from the first few years of Paramardi's reign have been found at Semra (1165-1166 CE),
1135:
611:(or Udal) as his generals. Other officers mentioned in the historical records include Mahipala and an
176:
inscription appears to corroborate this claim: it states that Paramardi was a leader even as a child (
1157:
471:
421:
319:
117:
dynasty of central India. He was the last powerful Chandela king, and ruled the Jejakabhukti region (
1186:
668:, he respected the rights of a Buddhist shrine located in that village. Several images of the Jain
370:
154:
137:. Paramardi managed to recover the Chandela power over the next few years, but was defeated by the
463:
333:
after marrying the daughter of Padamsen. During this journey, he was attacked by Turkic forces (
1063:
1042:
568:
The Baghari inscription also mentions one Gadadhara as Paramardi's minister of war and peace (
1021:
303:
519:
Firishta as well as Fakhruddin Mubarakshah state that the fall of Kalanjara happened in the
585:
8:
478:, the Ghurid governor of Delhi planned an invasion of Chandela kingdom. A force led by
323:
248:
195:, he is also known as Paramardidev, Parmar, Paramal Deo or Parimal Chandel (because of
130:
258:(the god of love) in handsomeness, the ocean in depth, the lord of heaven in majesty,
1216:
1069:
1048:
1027:
479:
445:
142:
672:
were set up at various places during his reign. The best known of these are at the
1252:
535:
412:
399:
290:
235:
184:
74:
342:
334:
122:
293:-Parameshvara Parama-Maheshvara Shri-Kalanjaradhipati Shrimanmat Paramardideva
1286:
1270:
1228:
126:
1083:
618:
Paramardi was a learned man, and is attributed as the author of a eulogy to
199:). A gold coin issued by him, featuring a seated goddess, gives his name as
1234:
1145:
596:
497:
403:
263:
162:
60:
37:
1264:
669:
577:
429:
the next century, when the Delhi Sultanate invaded the Chandela kingdom.
407:
378:
118:
349:
Unable to bear Mahil Parihar's political scheming, Udal and his brother
1258:
1198:
1141:
520:
475:
456:
358:
259:
192:
188:
287:(1178 CE). All of these inscriptions use the imperial titles for him:
1114:
677:
623:
551:
487:
483:
451:
383:
284:
213:
729:
661:
592:
581:
573:
534:
According to the Chandela inscriptions, Paramardi was succeeded by
433:
425:
354:
280:
255:
173:
114:
90:
911:
909:
907:
905:
892:
890:
888:
858:
856:
854:
852:
839:
837:
824:
822:
1129:
809:
807:
765:
763:
761:
665:
547:
467:
366:
362:
138:
85:
951:
30:
Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara, Kalanjaradhipati
1180:
1151:
999:
997:
995:
970:
968:
966:
941:
939:
926:
924:
902:
885:
875:
873:
871:
849:
834:
819:
693:
681:
673:
562:
510:
338:
329:
According to the medieval ballads, Prithviraj was returning to
299:
276:
134:
804:
792:
782:
780:
778:
758:
748:
746:
744:
619:
608:
600:
558:
554:
528:
501:
330:
992:
980:
963:
936:
921:
868:
565:. After his death, his son Purushottama inherited his post.
775:
741:
705:
650:
604:
350:
172:, Paramardi ascended the throne at the age of 5 years. An
717:
459:(foreigners) against him, and made him face a defeat.
599:. Muslim chronicles mention Aj Deo (Ajaya-Deva) as a
187:
in inscriptions. The medieval bardic legends such as
283:(1171 CE), Mahoba (1173 CE), Pachar (1176 CE) and
157:inscription suggests that he succeeded his father
626:. He patronized a number of scholars, including:
1284:
1061:
915:
896:
862:
843:
828:
813:
798:
769:
735:
557:. Sallakshana commissioned temples dedicated to
402:(self-immolation) after his death. According to
353:left the Chandela court. They took shelter with
16:Ruler of Jejakabhukti in India (r. 1165–1203 CE)
591:Ajayapala and Madanapala, the sons of a former
1113:
1099:
1040:
1003:
986:
974:
957:
945:
930:
879:
786:
752:
711:
699:
482:, and accompanied by strong generals such as
439:
1106:
1092:
680:. His minister Sallakshana commissioned a
216:of the inscriptions from Paramardi's reign
1019:
723:
191:call him Paramala or Parimala. In modern
129:). Around 1182–83 CE, he was defeated by
1285:
1087:
313:
462:Prithviraj Chauhan was killed after
584:named Gangadhara was the Kancukin (
398:states that his 50 wives committed
13:
649:Gunabhadra Munipa Saiddhanti, the
496:, written by the Delhi chronicler
133:, who raided the Chandela capital
14:
1314:
541:
523:599 (1202-1203 CE). According to
486:, besieged the Chandela fort of
470:in 1192 CE. After defeating the
113:1165–1203 CE) was a king of the
1012:
270:
1:
1065:The Early Rulers of Khajurāho
1044:The Candellas of Jejākabhukti
1023:The Coinage of Northern India
687:
183:He is mentioned as Paramardi-
148:
110:
47:
1303:13th-century Indian monarchs
1298:12th-century Indian monarchs
637:Gadadhara, a poet styled as
527:, Kalanjara fell on 20th of
387:Chandela capital of Mahoba.
7:
634:(a collection of six plays)
10:
1319:
622:, inscribed on a stone at
443:
1293:Chandelas of Jejakabhukti
1173:
1138:(Vākpati) (c. 845-865 CE)
1122:
1062:Sisirkumar Mitra (1977).
630:Vatsaraja, the author of
440:Ghurid invasion and death
318:During 1182-1183 CE, the
304:Kalachuri king of Tripuri
96:
84:
80:
70:
56:
43:
35:
28:
23:
643:Jaganika, the author of
206:
1068:. Motilal Banarsidass.
570:sandhna-vigraha-sachiva
464:Second Battle of Tarain
1041:R. K. Dikshit (1976).
916:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
897:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
863:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
844:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
829:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
814:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
799:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
770:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
736:Sisirkumar Mitra 1977
655:Dhanya-Kumara-Charita
572:). According to the
410:and died there. The
960:, pp. 149–150.
738:, p. 119, 124.
702:, pp. 139–140.
660:Although himself a
474:(Chauhans) and the
145:around 1202–03 CE.
51: 1165–1203 CE
1020:P. C. Roy (1980).
1004:R. K. Dikshit 1976
987:R. K. Dikshit 1976
975:R. K. Dikshit 1976
958:R. K. Dikshit 1976
946:R. K. Dikshit 1976
931:R. K. Dikshit 1976
880:R. K. Dikshit 1976
787:R. K. Dikshit 1976
753:R. K. Dikshit 1976
712:R. K. Dikshit 1976
700:R. K. Dikshit 1976
324:Prithviraj Chauhan
314:Chahamana invasion
249:Prithviraj Chauhan
131:Prithviraj Chauhan
1280:
1279:
1273:(c. 1288-1311 CE)
1267:(c. 1285-1288 CE)
1261:(c. 1245-1285 CE)
1255:(c. 1203-1245 CE)
1249:(c. 1165-1203 CE)
1237:(c. 1128-1165 CE)
1231:(c. 1120-1128 CE)
1225:(c. 1110-1120 CE)
1219:(c. 1100-1110 CE)
1217:Sallakshanavarman
1213:(c. 1060-1100 CE)
1207:(c. 1050-1060 CE)
1201:(c. 1035-1050 CE)
1195:(c. 1003-1035 CE)
726:, pp. 54–55.
615:named Vatsaraja.
480:Qutb al-Din Aibak
446:Siege of Kalinjar
289:Paramabhattaraka-
168:According to the
143:Qutb ud-Din Aibak
104:
103:
1310:
1189:(c. 999-1002 CE)
1108:
1101:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1058:
1037:
1007:
1001:
990:
984:
978:
972:
961:
955:
949:
943:
934:
928:
919:
913:
900:
894:
883:
877:
866:
860:
847:
841:
832:
826:
817:
811:
802:
796:
790:
784:
773:
767:
756:
750:
739:
733:
727:
721:
715:
709:
703:
697:
676:Jain Tirth Near
639:Kavi-Chakravarti
406:, he retired to
279:(1166-1167 CE),
201:Srimat Paramardi
112:
52:
49:
21:
20:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1253:Trailokyavarman
1243:(c. 1164-65 CE)
1183:(c. 950-999 CE)
1169:
1166:(c. 925-950 CE)
1154:(c. 885-905 CE)
1148:(c. 865-885 CE)
1132:(c. 831-845 CE)
1118:
1117:of Jejakabhukti
1112:
1082:
1076:
1055:
1034:
1015:
1010:
1002:
993:
985:
981:
973:
964:
956:
952:
944:
937:
929:
922:
914:
903:
895:
886:
878:
869:
861:
850:
842:
835:
827:
820:
812:
805:
797:
793:
785:
776:
768:
759:
751:
742:
734:
730:
722:
718:
710:
706:
698:
694:
690:
632:Rupa-Kashatakam
576:inscription of
544:
536:Trailokyavarman
450:According to a
448:
442:
413:Prithviraj Raso
316:
291:Maharajadhiraja
273:
262:in wisdom, and
236:Prithviraj Raso
219:
218:
217:
209:
151:
121:in present-day
75:Trailokyavarman
50:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1316:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1250:
1244:
1241:Yashovarman II
1238:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1214:
1208:
1202:
1196:
1190:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1160:(c. 905-925 CE
1155:
1149:
1139:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1088:
1081:
1080:
1074:
1059:
1053:
1038:
1032:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:
1006:, p. 151.
991:
989:, p. 136.
979:
977:, p. 150.
962:
950:
948:, p. 148.
935:
933:, p. 147.
920:
918:, p. 126.
901:
899:, p. 125.
884:
882:, p. 149.
867:
865:, p. 124.
848:
846:, p. 123.
833:
831:, p. 122.
818:
816:, p. 121.
803:
801:, p. 119.
791:
789:, p. 143.
774:
772:, p. 120.
757:
755:, p. 141.
740:
728:
724:P. C. Roy 1980
716:
714:, p. 140.
704:
691:
689:
686:
658:
657:
647:
641:
635:
543:
542:Administration
540:
441:
438:
315:
312:
272:
269:
212:
211:
210:
208:
205:
197:schwa deletion
150:
147:
123:Madhya Pradesh
102:
101:
100:Yashovarman II
98:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
78:
77:
72:
68:
67:
65:Yashovarman II
58:
54:
53:
45:
41:
40:
33:
32:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1315:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1272:
1271:Hammiravarman
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1229:Prithvivarman
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1165:
1164:Yashovarman I
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1077:
1075:9788120819979
1071:
1067:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1054:9788170170464
1050:
1046:
1045:
1039:
1035:
1033:9788170171225
1029:
1025:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1005:
1000:
998:
996:
988:
983:
976:
971:
969:
967:
959:
954:
947:
942:
940:
932:
927:
925:
917:
912:
910:
908:
906:
898:
893:
891:
889:
881:
876:
874:
872:
864:
859:
857:
855:
853:
845:
840:
838:
830:
825:
823:
815:
810:
808:
800:
795:
788:
783:
781:
779:
771:
766:
764:
762:
754:
749:
747:
745:
737:
732:
725:
720:
713:
708:
701:
696:
692:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
656:
652:
648:
646:
642:
640:
636:
633:
629:
628:
627:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
553:
549:
539:
537:
532:
530:
526:
522:
517:
514:
512:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Taj-ul-Maasir
491:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
458:
453:
447:
437:
435:
430:
427:
423:
418:
415:
414:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
385:
380:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
325:
321:
311:
309:
305:
301:
296:
294:
292:
286:
282:
278:
268:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
237:
232:
228:
224:
223:Paramala Raso
215:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
166:
164:
160:
156:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
127:Uttar Pradesh
124:
120:
116:
108:
99:
95:
92:
89:
87:
83:
79:
76:
73:
69:
66:
62:
59:
55:
46:
42:
39:
34:
31:
27:
22:
19:
1246:
1235:Madanavarman
1211:Kirttivarman
1146:Vijayashakti
1064:
1043:
1022:
1013:Bibliography
982:
953:
794:
731:
719:
707:
695:
670:tirthankaras
659:
654:
644:
638:
631:
617:
612:
597:Madanavarman
590:
569:
567:
545:
533:
525:Taj-ul-Masir
524:
518:
515:
506:Taj-ul-Masir
505:
498:Hasan Nizami
493:
492:
490:in 1202 CE.
466:against the
461:
449:
431:
419:
411:
404:Chand Bardai
395:
391:
389:
375:
348:
328:
317:
297:
288:
274:
271:Early career
264:Yudhishthira
256:Makaradhvaja
253:
244:
240:
234:
231:Mahoba Khand
230:
226:
222:
220:
200:
182:
178:bāl-opi netā
177:
169:
167:
163:Madanavarman
153:Paramardi's
152:
106:
105:
61:Madanavarman
38:Jejakabhukti
29:
18:
1265:Bhojavarman
1123:Feudatories
1047:. Abhinav.
1026:. Abhinav.
645:Alha-Khanda
586:chamberlain
578:Bhojavarman
476:Gahadavalas
396:Parmal Raso
392:Parmal Raso
379:Betwa River
306:, possibly
298:An 1183 CE
227:Parmal Raso
193:vernaculars
170:Parmal Raso
159:Yashovarman
119:Bundelkhand
57:Predecessor
1287:Categories
1259:Viravarman
1223:Jayavarman
1205:Devavarman
1199:Vijayapala
1193:Vidyadhara
1174:Sovereigns
1142:Jayashakti
688:References
653:author of
521:Hijri year
472:Chahamanas
457:mlechchhas
444:See also:
359:Gahadavala
260:Brihaspati
241:Alha-Khand
214:Find spots
189:Alha-Khand
149:Early life
1247:Paramardi
1115:Chandelas
678:Tikamgarh
624:Kalanjara
552:Vashistha
488:Kalanjara
484:Iltutmish
452:Kalanjara
384:Kalanjara
371:Bateshwar
361:ruler of
320:Chahamana
308:Jayasimha
285:Charkhari
245:Alha Raso
155:Bateshvar
109:(reigned
107:Paramardi
71:Successor
24:Paramardi
684:temple.
662:Shaivite
593:senapati
582:Kayastha
574:Ajaygarh
434:Dasharna
426:Ajaygarh
422:Madanpur
355:Jaichand
281:Ichhawar
174:Ajaygarh
141:general
115:Chandela
91:Chandela
36:King of
1136:Vakpati
1130:Nannuka
666:Brahmin
548:Brahmin
468:Ghurids
367:Gwalior
363:Kannauj
335:Ghurids
86:Dynasty
1181:Dhanga
1158:Harsha
1152:Rahila
1072:
1051:
1030:
682:Vishnu
674:Aharji
613:amatya
563:Vishnu
511:Mahoba
357:, the
339:Mahoba
322:ruler
300:Mahoba
277:Mahoba
139:Ghurid
135:Mahoba
97:Father
1187:Ganda
620:Shiva
609:Udala
601:dewan
559:Shiva
555:gotra
529:Rajab
502:dewan
331:Delhi
207:Reign
44:Reign
1144:and
1070:ISBN
1049:ISBN
1028:ISBN
651:Jain
607:and
605:Alha
580:, a
561:and
408:Gaya
400:sati
369:and
351:Alha
343:Udal
239:and
185:deva
125:and
550:of
233:),
229:or
180:).
63:or
1289::
994:^
965:^
938:^
923:^
904:^
887:^
870:^
851:^
836:^
821:^
806:^
777:^
760:^
743:^
538:.
513:.
310:.
203:.
111:c.
48:c.
1107:e
1100:t
1093:v
1078:.
1057:.
1036:.
243:(
225:(
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