22:
306:, South Korea. Consideration was also given to having the snowboard cross event run with pairs of athletes competing against each other rather than as a time trial. There were still no plans to add non-standing or visually impaired events. As of 2014, visually impaired events were not considered for medal events at WSF Para-Snowboard competitions due to the small numbers of internationally competitive athletes.
318:
44:(IPC) defines three classes: SB-LL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both legs (with SB-LL1 and SB-LL2 for more- and less-severe impairment), and SB-UL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both arms who compete standing. The sport made its official Winter Paralympic debut in the
194:
The change was made to bring the sport into alignment with the common terminology for sports (except sledge hockey and wheelchair curling, which are not referred to as "para-hockey" and "para-curling") used by the
International Paralympic Committee (IPC). This was done in consultation with the IPC,
172:
The sport widely called
Adaptive Snowboarding held its first official competition at the 2000 USASA Nationals in Waterville Valley NH, USA. The USASA governed adaptive snowboarding competitions in North America through 2008, after which the World Snowboard Federation accepted international
238:
Snowboarding is a young and exciting sport and one which is attracting new audiences and participants everywhere. Its inclusion in the
Paralympics programme will give a further boost to the promotion of Paralympic sports across Russia and highlights the opportunities that sport provides to
210:. There are three types of classification available for Australian competitors: Provisional, national and international. The first is for club level competitions, the second for state and national competitions, and the third for international competitions.
251:. There were men's and women's standing snowboard cross. Only events in the SB-LL class were offered. The events were run in a time-trial format (one rider on course at a time), and. unlike some other Paralympic events, results were calculated
201:
Para-Snowboard and
Adaptive Snowboarding do not necessarily refer to the same thing, though both are practised by people with disabilities. The new name describes competitive adaptive snowboarding, and its acceptance into the Paralympic
181:
in July 2009 under which the WSF would continue to govern the sport until 2014, after which the situation would be reassessed. Both organisations would continue their efforts to develop the sport. IPC Alpine Skiing governs
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factors that adjust times based on disability classification. Each athlete got three runs over a course of jumps, bumps and turns. Times from the best two were added together for their final total.
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The snowboarding cross events at Sochi were a success, with tickets for para-snowboarding events being among the first to sell out. In April 2014 the IPC announced plans to add
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above the knee, or "a significant combined impairment in two legs", affecting their balance, their board-control and their ability to navigate uneven terrain.
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64:. The IPC eligibility rules provide for athletes with a physical impairment such as limb loss or limb deficiency, spinal cord injury, nerve damage, or
198:
The prefix "para" is of Greek origin, and means "alongside". It is used to illustrate how the
Olympic and Paralympic movements exist side by side.
905:
105:
SB-UL for athletes upper limb impairments, affecting balance. There were no events for female athletes in the category SB-UL in the 2018 games.
68:. As of 2018, athletes with other impairments, such as visual impairments, are not eligible. The IPC defined two competition classes in 2014:
509:
223:
632:
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SB-LL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both legs. Athletes may use a prosthesis or modified equipment to compete.
824:. Organizing Committee of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. 14 March 2014. Archived from
206:
For
Australian competitors in this sport, the sport and classification is managed the national sport federation with support from the
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190:, and the two share a common set of regulations. In explaining the change of the name of the sport, the WSF stated that:
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102:
SB-LL2 for athletes with impairment to one or both legs "with less activity limitation", such as below-knee amputation.
41:
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113:(WSF) has a more elaborate classification system, with classes SB1 to SB12 for snowboarders with limb disabilities:
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governance beginning in 2009. It is now practiced by hundreds of athletes around the world, and governed by the
60:
Classifications exist for deaf competitors, blind competitors, people with physical disabilities and those with
40:. The sport originally called Adaptive Snowboard is now practiced by hundreds of athletes around the world. The
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728:"Para-Snowboard included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games (International Paralympic Committee)"
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29:. At age 14, he was the youngest competitor at the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games from any country.
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244:
80:
45:
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and is part of the process of preparing the sport for inclusion in the
Paralympic Winter Games.
141:
SB11 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in both lower limbs and partial trunk function
222:
changed its mind and added Para-snowboarding to the Alpine Skiing programme on 2 May 2012. The
383:
75:
SB-UL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both arms who compete standing.
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SB12 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in lower limbs and good trunk function
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679:. Homebush Bay, New South Wales: Australian Paralympic Committee. 2012. Archived from
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589:
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PyeongChang
Organizing Committee for the 2018 Olympic & Paralympic Winter Games
282:
won in 1 minute 43.61 seconds, followed by
Michael Shea with a time of 1:44.18 and
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584:
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SB10 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in both lower limbs and trunk
65:
849:"New slalom Para-snowboard event to be pioneered after successful Sochi debut"
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358:"Shore student Ben Tudhope Australia's youngest winter Paralympian at 14"
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88:
26:
96:
800:
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SB-LL1 for athletes with significant impairment to one leg, such as
437:
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from the
Netherlands in a time of 1 minute 57.43 seconds. France's
135:
SB9 for athletes with disabilities in one upper and one lower limb
754:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games"
570:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games"
123:
SB3 for athletes with moderate disabilities in both lower limbs
270:
came second with a time of 2 minutes 07.31 seconds. America's
126:
SB4 for athletes with moderate disabilities in one lower limbs
117:
SB1 for athletes with severe disabilities in both lower limbs
243:
The sport made its official Winter Paralympic debut in the
120:
SB2 for athletes with severe disabilities in one lower limb
775:"Alpine Skiing - Rules & Regulations - Classification"
502:
471:
469:
467:
465:
420:"IPC Alpine Skiing Classification Rules and Regulations"
218:
After initially rejecting the sport in August 2011, the
164:(IBSA) for other sports for visually impaired athletes.
462:
129:
SB5 for athletes with disabilities in both upper limbs
445:"APC Classification Information Sheet - Snowboarding"
425:. International Paralympic Committee. 5 December 2012
705:. Sydney, Australia: Australian Paralympic Committee
597:"2014 Australian Paralympic Winter Team Media Guide"
313:
148:
The WSF also defines three visual impairment class,
132:
SB6 for athletes with disabilities in one upper limb
920:
625:"WSF and IPC Continue Their Cooperation Agreement"
234:, welcomed the addition of the new sport, saying:
381:
1156:
572:. International Paralympic Committee. 2 May 2012
91:, the IPC divided the SB-LL category in twain:
906:
876:. World Snowboard Federation. 17 January 2011
657:. World Snowboard Federation. 17 January 2011
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274:came third in 2 minutes 14.29 seconds. The
258:Both events were run on 14 March 2014. The
16:Classification system for para-snowboarding
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278:was a clean sweep for the United States.
20:
822:"First medals won in Para-snowboarding"
228:Sochi 2014 Olympic Organizing Committee
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846:
355:
36:is the classification system for para-
894:
797:"SB LL - Para-Snowboard Cross - LEXI"
382:Joseph P. Winnick (27 October 2010).
162:International Blind Sports Federation
777:. International Paralympic Committee
385:Adapted Physical Education and Sport
177:(IPC). The IPC and the WSF signed a
13:
874:"Para-Snowboarding Classification"
540:"Para-Snowboarding Classification"
484:International Paralympic Committee
220:International Paralympic Committee
175:International Paralympic Committee
42:International Paralympic Committee
25:Australian Paralympic snowboarder
14:
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356:Cowley, Rowan (5 February 2014).
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160:, identical to those used by the
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34:Para-snowboarding classification
922:Disability sport classification
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814:
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767:
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604:Australian Paralympic Committee
388:. Human Kinetics. p. 562.
208:Australian Paralympic Committee
847:Butler, Nick (16 April 2014).
532:
55:
1:
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268:Cecile Hernandez Ep Cervellon
167:
730:. 2 May 2012. Archived from
545:. World Snowboard Federation
7:
179:memorandum of understanding
10:
1186:
1165:Parasports classifications
629:World Snowboard Federation
477:"Snowboard classification"
111:World Snowboard Federation
1116:
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1034:
928:
703:"What is Classification?"
289:
62:intellectual disabilities
286:with a time of 1:47.10.
1134:Intellectual disability
300:2018 Winter Paralympics
245:2014 Winter Paralympics
214:At the Paralympic Games
81:2018 Winter Paralympics
46:2014 Winter Paralympics
655:"About Para-Snowboard"
333:How to: para-snowboard
241:
204:
30:
1062:Wheelchair basketball
236:
192:
24:
520:on 28 February 2018
232:Dmitry Chernyshenko
1108:Wheelchair curling
1088:Para-nordic skiing
1083:Para-alpine skiing
1021:Wheelchair fencing
734:on 5 February 2014
683:on 1 December 2012
264:Bibian Mentel-Spee
31:
1152:
1151:
1093:Para-snowboarding
1047:Football 7-a-side
1042:Football 5-a-side
1026:Wheelchair tennis
929:Individual Sports
395:978-0-7360-8918-0
298:to the events at
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1144:Wheelchair sport
1117:Disability types
1067:Wheelchair rugby
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1129:Cerebral palsy
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450:. 28 June 2007
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1170:Snowboarding
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1001:Powerlifting
976:Para-cycling
961:Para-archery
878:. Retrieved
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856:. Retrieved
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830:. Retrieved
826:the original
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362:Mosman Daily
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38:snowboarding
33:
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1124:Amputations
1035:Team Sports
1006:Racquetball
510:"Snowboard"
304:Pyeongchang
284:Keith Gabel
280:Evan Strong
276:men's event
262:was won by
186:as well as
89:South Korea
85:PyeongChang
56:Eligibility
27:Ben Tudhope
1159:Categories
1139:Les Autres
759:30 January
738:5 February
367:8 February
344:References
168:Governance
97:amputation
971:Paracanoe
801:Channel 4
687:19 August
401:21 August
272:Amy Purdy
239:everyone.
224:President
202:movement.
1052:Goalball
609:13 April
79:For the
1011:Sailing
709:30 July
524:6 March
494:6 March
338:YouTube
253:without
226:of the
941:Boccia
880:20 May
661:20 May
549:20 May
392:
296:slalom
290:Future
946:Bowls
858:4 May
832:4 May
806:4 May
781:4 May
639:4 May
600:(PDF)
576:4 May
543:(PDF)
480:(PDF)
454:4 May
448:(PDF)
429:4 May
423:(PDF)
956:Judo
882:2014
860:2014
834:2014
808:2014
783:2014
761:2013
740:2014
711:2012
689:2012
663:2014
641:2014
611:2014
578:2014
551:2014
526:2018
496:2018
456:2014
431:2014
403:2012
390:ISBN
369:2014
156:and
109:The
336:on
302:in
247:in
83:in
48:in
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719:^
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482:.
464:^
411:^
360:.
230:,
158:B3
154:B2
152:,
150:B1
87:,
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