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and Thomas
Halliday, studied the evolution of mammaliaforms during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras (between 299 million to 12,000 years ago). Additionally, they uncovered and studied the morphological disparity and rapid evolutionary rates of living organisms near the end and in the aftermath of the
1985:(University of Chicago Press; 2012) 432 pages; A history since the mid-19th century, with a focus on the "revolutionary" era of the 1970s and early 1980s and the work of Stephen Jay Gould and David Raup.
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1000:. He proposed the term in 1904 so as to initiate "a broad new science" joining "traditional paleontology with the evidence and insights of geology and isotopic chemistry."
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1677:. An investigation by a paleobiologist into the many theories as to what happened during the catastrophic Permian-Triassic transition.
1311:
Walcott's contributions are described by J. William Schopf (1999) on pages 23 to 31. Another good source is E. L. Yochelson (1997),
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989:(1877 to 1933), a Hungarian scientist trained at the University of Vienna. He initially termed the discipline "paleophysiology".
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Introduction to
Paleobiology and the Fossil Record – 22 April 2020 by Michael J. Benton (Author), David A. T. Harper (Author)
1433:"Eutherians experienced elevated evolutionary rates in the immediate aftermath of the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction"
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The Rise and Reign of the
Mammals: A New History, from the Shadow of the Dinosaurs to Us written by Steve Brusatte
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1638:. Cambridge Studies in Biology and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
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animal fossils, in 1883 this
American curator found the "first Precambrian fossil cells known to science" – a
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The paleobiologic discoveries of Tyler, Barghoorn and Schopf are related on pages 35 to 70 of Schopf (1999).
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1048:. Lastly, in 1914, Walcott reported "minute cells and chains of cell-like bodies" belonging to Precambrian
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Paleobiology website of the
National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian) in Washington, D.C.
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The Rise and Reign of the
Mammals: A New History, from the Shadow of the Dinosaurs to Us
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Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of
Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline
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reported finely-preserved
Precambrian microflora at their Bitter Springs site of the
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Amniote
Paleobiology: Perspectives on the Evolution of Mammals, Birds and Reptiles
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The Apex chert microflora is related by Schopf (1999) himself on pages 71 to 100.
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Matthew T. Carrano, Timothy Gaudin, Richard Blob, and John Wible, eds. (2006).
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1126:. So paleobiologists were at last homing in on the origins of the Precambrian "
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1400:"Eutherian morphological disparity across the end-Cretaceous mass extinction"
1349:"Testing the inhibitory cascade model in Mesozoic and Cenozoic mammaliaforms"
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Later 20th-century paleobiologists have also figured prominently in finding
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left by ancient organisms in order to gain insight into their behavior and
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examines the evolutionary history of viruses on paleobiological timescales.
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Books written for the general public on this topic include the following:
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aspects of the modes and trajectories of growth and development in the
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1799:. An acclaimed book for the novice fossil-hunter and young adults.
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Extinction: How Life on Earth Nearly Ended 250 Million Years Ago.
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Cretaceous mass extinction (145 million to 66 million years ago).
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paleobiology". Although best known as the discoverer of the mid-
2017:
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During the early part of the 21st-century, two paleobiologists
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uses the methods and principles of paleobiology to understand
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858:) of an individual organism in order to gain insight on the
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1929:
Cradle of Life: The Discovery of Earth's Earliest Fossils
1885:. A much-cited, seminal classic in the field discussing
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Bringing Fossils to Life: An Introduction to Paleobiology
1284:
Cradle of Life: The Discovery of Earth's Earliest Fossils
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The founder or "father" of modern paleobiology was Baron
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661:
593:
that combines the methods and findings found in both the
1619:. This new book describes paleobiological research into
1900:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
2118:
1825:. An anthology of analytical studies in paleobiology.
1554:. The second edition of an acclaimed British textbook.
695:
applies the principles and methods of paleobiology to
1564:. Cambridge Paleobiology Series. Cambridge, England:
605:, which focuses more on the interactions between the
1584:. Applies paleobiology to the adaptive radiation of
1507:
Otherlands: A Journey Through Earth's Extinct Worlds
1221:
1208:
Otherlands: A Journey Through Earth's Extinct Worlds
1195:
632:
millions of years old to answer questions about the
1718:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 492 pages.
1680:Brian Keith Hall and Wendy M. Olson, eds. (2003).
656:are typically analyzed. However, the 21st-century
1175:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2325:
1951:to analyze microfossils of bacteria and archaea.
763:applies paleobiologic principles and methods to
1091:fossil site. Eleven years later, Barghoorn and
2047:Shuhai Xiao and Alan J. Kaufman, eds. (2006).
1859:on land during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras.
1562:Patterns and Processes of Vertebrate Evolution
1484:(1st ed.). United States: Mariner Books.
1011:adventurer, has been cited as the "founder of
2139:
2063:. This new book describes research into the
1682:Keywords and Concepts in Evolutionary Biology
1509:(1st ed.). United States: Random House.
1260:Taxonomy of commonly fossilised invertebrates
544:
679:An investigator in this field is known as a
2102:. A classic, British introductory textbook.
1654:. This book connects paleoanthropology and
686:
2146:
2132:
2049:Neoproterozoic Geobiology and Paleobiology
1958:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
1831:, David Eberth, and Tony Fiorillo (2007).
1809:Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
601:. Paleobiology is not to be confused with
551:
537:
1835:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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1415:
1404:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society
1374:
1364:
1313:Charles Doolittle Walcott: Paleontologist
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668:samples offers much promise, as does the
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1479:
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30:For the journal with the same name, see
27:Study of organic evolution using fossils
2082:Bernard Ziegler and R. O. Muir (1983).
934:Evolutionary developmental paleobiology
14:
2326:
1974:. A recent analysis and discussion of
2127:
1742:Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics
1265:Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology
992:However, credit for coining the word
910:changes, as well as the (short-term)
1530:and Peter R. Crowther, eds. (2003).
1250:History of invertebrate paleozoology
2210:Formamide-based prebiotic chemistry
2086:. Chichester, England: E. Horwood.
1954:Paul Selden and John Nudds (2005).
1869:. San Francisco: Freeman, Cooper.
1398:Halliday, Thomas (March 28, 2016).
806:uses the methods and principles of
24:
2153:
1437:Proceedings of the Royal Society B
1431:Halliday, Thomas (June 29, 2016).
1347:Halliday, Thomas (April 8, 2013).
1282:Schuchert is cited on page 170 of
1033:. In 1899 he discovered the first
980:
25:
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2215:Alternative abiogenesis scenarios
2106:
1990:Paleobiology of the Invertebrates
1196:Paleobiology in the general press
1224:
854:history (for example, decay and
52:
2053:Springer Science+Business Media
1075:described 2.1 billion-year-old
114:List of human evolution fossils
2291:Last universal common ancestor
2069:earliest multicellular animals
1956:Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems
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1473:
1424:
1391:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1305:
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1122:, in the northwestern part of
996:itself should go to Professor
13:
1:
2084:Introduction to Palaeobiology
1916:. A later book by the noted
1684:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
1658:to the field of paleobiology.
1149:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
578:limestone, southern Minnesota
1851:. A new book regarding the
1734:. A fine American textbook.
1270:
1110:at his 3.5 billion-year-old
1102:In 1993, Schopf discovered O
1037:fossil cells, a Precambrian
638:evolutionary history of life
109:List of transitional fossils
7:
1896:Thomas J.M. Schopf (1980).
1775:Donald R. Prothero (2004).
1634:Robert B. Eckhardt (2000).
1601:University of Chicago Press
1317:Kent State University Press
1217:
840:so as to better comprehend
225:Mammalian auditory ossicles
10:
2365:
1933:Princeton University Press
1927:J. William Schopf (2001).
1667:Princeton University Press
1566:Cambridge University Press
1288:Princeton University Press
1210:written by Thomas Halliday
916:organismal characteristics
904:Stratigraphic paleobiology
29:
2349:Subfields of paleontology
2300:
2286:Earliest known life forms
2278:
2223:
2192:
2161:
2119:The Paleobiology Database
1949:ultramicroscopic analysis
1740:and Sudhir Kumar (2000).
1716:Evolutionary Paleobiology
1661:Douglas H. Erwin (2006).
1534:. Malden, Massachusetts:
1505:Halliday, Thomas (2022).
1353:BMC Ecology and Evolution
1005:Charles Doolittle Walcott
918:and behaviors. See also
892:, impressions, and other
751:invertebrate paleontology
703:, but also including the
422:Invertebrate paleontology
371:Biological classification
351:Introduction to evolution
252:Evolution of various taxa
2115:(archived 11 March 2007)
2079:invertebrates and algae.
1710:, Douglas H. Erwin, and
1686:Harvard University Press
1480:Brusatte, Steve (2022).
812:molecular-level evidence
687:Important research areas
406:Branches of paleontology
394:Timeline of paleontology
1746:Oxford University Press
1366:10.1186/1471-2148-13-79
1245:History of paleontology
591:interdisciplinary field
512:Vertebrate paleontology
389:History of paleontology
383:History of paleontology
104:Lagerstätte fossil beds
2205:Miller–Urey experiment
2177:Spontaneous generation
1922:ancient marine ecology
1920:. This text discusses
1867:Models in Paleobiology
1853:fossils of vertebrates
1449:10.1098/rspb.2015.3026
1255:Molecular paleontology
1182:Paleobiology (journal)
1142:Paleobiologic journals
814:of ancient life, both
810:to detect and analyze
579:
432:Molecular paleontology
32:Paleobiology (journal)
2339:Developmental biology
1994:John Wiley & Sons
1891:quantitative analysis
1768:to the evolutionary "
1099:, Central Australia.
970:developmental biology
566:
172:Timeline of evolution
2344:Evolutionary biology
2016:to the evolution of
1536:Blackwell Publishing
966:evolutionary biology
189:Organs and processes
99:List of fossil sites
2248:Primordial sandwich
2193:Prebiotic synthesis
2163:History of research
1988:Paul Tasch (1980).
1863:Thomas J. M. Schopf
1744:. Oxford, England:
1232:Paleontology portal
1155:Biology and Geology
1108:blue-green bacteria
1026:reef then known as
1003:On the other hand,
928:geologic time scale
912:bed-by-bed sequence
634:molecular evolution
523:Paleontology Portal
177:Transitional fossil
147:Geologic time scale
40:Part of a series on
2279:Earliest organisms
2265:Quasispecies model
2233:GADV-protein world
1772:" in paleobiology.
1764:. This text links
1636:Human Paleobiology
1240:History of biology
1161:Historical Biology
1128:Oxygen catastrophe
958:adaptive radiation
674:phylogenetic trees
580:
84:Fossil preparation
2321:
2320:
2260:Peptide-RNA world
2243:Iron–sulfur world
2200:Pseudo-panspermia
2100:978-0-470-27552-8
2075:, especially the
2061:978-1-4020-5201-9
2010:978-0-471-05272-2
1964:978-0-226-74641-8
1914:978-0-674-65215-6
1883:978-0-87735-325-6
1849:978-0-226-72370-9
1823:978-1-4051-0345-9
1797:978-0-07-366170-4
1762:978-0-19-513585-5
1702:978-0-674-00904-2
1675:978-0-691-00524-9
1652:978-0-521-45160-4
1617:978-0-226-09478-6
1574:978-0-521-47809-0
1558:Robert L. Carroll
1528:Derek E.G. Briggs
1417:10.1111/bij.12731
1292:J. William Schopf
1124:Western Australia
1093:J. William Schopf
1073:Elso S. Barghoorn
998:Charles Schuchert
974:phylogenetic tree
942:evolution of life
924:sedimentary rocks
908:long-term secular
808:organic chemistry
804:Paleobiochemistry
761:Micropaleontology
755:paleoanthropology
701:green land plants
561:
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487:Paleotempestology
472:Paleoneurobiology
427:Micropaleontology
16:(Redirected from
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2179:(4th century BC)
2173:(5th century BC)
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2134:
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2077:Ediacaran period
1981:David Sepkoski.
1898:Paleoceanography
1766:DNA/RNA analysis
1621:land vertebrates
1532:Palaeobiology II
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1069:Stanley A. Tyler
914:of changes, in
842:prehistoric life
725:dendrochronology
672:construction of
620:uses biological
616:Paleobiological
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502:Sclerochronology
230:Mosaic evolution
167:Paleoclimatology
137:Extinction event
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152:Geologic record
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94:List of fossils
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2107:External links
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1943:. The use of
1931:. Princeton:
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1918:paleobiologist
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1865:, ed. (1972).
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1829:Raymond Rogers
1826:
1805:, ed. (2004).
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1089:Gunflint Chert
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920:stratification
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878:Paleoichnology
875:
845:
828:examines past
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681:paleobiologist
622:field research
611:physical Earth
595:earth sciences
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2135:
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2126:
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2117:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2092:0-470-27552-9
2089:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:0-471-05272-8
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1972:0-226-74641-0
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1941:0-691-08864-0
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1906:0-674-65215-0
1903:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1875:0-87735-325-5
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1858:
1855:, especially
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1841:0-226-72370-4
1838:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1815:0-19-926794-4
1812:
1808:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1789:0-07-366170-8
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1754:0-19-513585-7
1751:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1738:Masatoshi Nei
1736:
1733:
1732:0-226-38913-8
1729:
1725:
1724:0-226-38911-1
1721:
1717:
1713:
1712:Jere H. Lipps
1709:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1694:0-674-00904-5
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1644:0-521-45160-4
1641:
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1633:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:0-226-09478-2
1606:
1602:
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1591:
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1583:
1582:0-521-47809-X
1579:
1575:
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1559:
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1553:
1552:0-632-05149-3
1549:
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1382:
1377:
1372:
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1334:
1325:
1318:
1315:(Kent, Ohio:
1314:
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1301:
1300:0-691-00230-4
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1266:
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1261:
1258:
1256:
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1241:
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1237:
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1209:
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1139:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1098:
1097:Amadeus Basin
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1077:cyanobacteria
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1042:phytoplankton
1040:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:Burgess shale
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
999:
995:
990:
988:
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
936:examines the
935:
932:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
902:
899:
895:
894:trace fossils
891:
887:
883:
880:analyzes the
879:
876:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
856:decomposition
853:
850:analyzes the
849:
846:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
824:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
802:
799:
798:Paleovirology
796:
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
759:
756:
753:, as well as
752:
748:
744:
743:invertebrates
740:
736:
732:
729:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
699:, especially
698:
694:
691:
690:
684:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
654:trace fossils
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:life sciences
596:
592:
588:
587:palaeobiology
584:
577:
573:
569:
565:
554:
549:
547:
542:
540:
535:
534:
532:
531:
528:
524:
521:
520:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
482:Paleopedology
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
467:Paleomycology
465:
463:
460:
458:
457:Paleogenetics
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
409:
403:
402:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
380:
379:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
348:
342:
341:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
255:
249:
248:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
192:
186:
185:
178:
175:
173:
170:
168:
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
142:Geochronology
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
129:
123:
122:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
70:
69:Fossilization
67:
66:
60:
59:
55:
51:
50:
47:
44:
43:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2334:Paleobiology
2313:Paleobiology
2312:
2308:Astrobiology
2083:
2051:. New York:
2048:
1992:. New York:
1989:
1982:
1976:paleoecology
1955:
1928:
1897:
1866:
1832:
1806:
1779:. New York:
1776:
1770:tree of life
1741:
1715:
1681:
1662:
1635:
1599:. Chicago:
1596:
1561:
1531:
1506:
1500:
1481:
1475:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1407:
1403:
1393:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1312:
1307:
1286:(Princeton:
1283:
1278:
1199:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1147:
1132:
1101:
1065:microfossils
1054:
1045:
1027:
1024:stromatolite
1002:
994:paleobiology
993:
991:
987:Franz Nopcsa
984:
938:evolutionary
826:Paleoecology
788:microfossils
786:. See also
745:. See also
731:Paleozoology
715:). See also
680:
678:
660:analysis of
650:microfossils
646:macrofossils
615:
586:
583:Paleobiology
582:
581:
492:Paleozoology
452:Paleoecology
442:Paleobiology
441:
195:Avian flight
132:Biogeography
89:Index fossil
74:Trace fossil
46:Paleontology
2030:brachiopods
1945:biochemical
1887:methodology
1803:Mark Ridley
1781:McGraw Hill
1665:Princeton:
1106:-producing
1067:: In 1954,
1061:Proterozoic
1013:Precambrian
1009:Smithsonian
956:. See also
868:environment
852:post-mortem
838:geographies
820:macroscopic
816:microscopic
777:microscopic
739:vertebrates
693:Paleobotany
658:biochemical
624:of current
568:Brachiopods
447:Paleobotany
268:Cephalopods
263:Butterflies
79:Microfossil
2328:Categories
2225:Protocells
2171:Panspermia
2042:arthropods
2022:cnidarians
2014:statistics
2012:. Applies
1807:Evolution.
1656:archeology
1590:quadrupeds
1359:(79): 79.
1120:Marble Bar
1112:Apex Chert
1085:microflora
1028:Cryptozoon
962:cladistics
888:, trails,
872:fossilized
830:ecosystems
792:palynology
747:vertebrate
642:scientific
640:. In this
603:geobiology
576:Ordovician
497:Palynology
366:Cladistics
205:Multicells
2270:RNA world
2255:PAH world
1857:tetrapods
1271:Footnotes
1087:at their
1044:he named
1035:acritarch
874:organism.
848:Taphonomy
721:phycology
670:biometric
607:biosphere
572:bryozoans
507:Taphonomy
417:Ichnology
361:Phylogeny
345:Evolution
333:Tetrapods
278:Dinosaurs
273:Cetaceans
2301:Research
2038:mollusks
1714:(1996).
1629:Cenozoic
1625:Mesozoic
1560:(1998).
1467:27358361
1443:(1833).
1385:23565593
1294:(1999).
1218:See also
1114:site in
1057:Archaean
1017:Cambrian
926:and the
906:studies
860:behavior
834:climates
773:protists
769:bacteria
717:mycology
709:seaweeds
636:and the
618:research
609:and the
597:and the
589:) is an
527:Category
323:Sea cows
318:Reptiles
308:Molluscs
215:Flagella
2067:of the
2065:fossils
2034:bryozoa
2018:sponges
1623:of the
1458:4936024
1376:3626779
1168:PALAIOS
1046:Chuaria
950:extinct
898:ecology
890:burrows
886:borings
870:of the
765:archaea
737:, both
644:quest,
630:fossils
628:and of
328:Spiders
303:Mammals
298:Insects
63:Fossils
2293:(LUCA)
2098:
2090:
2073:plants
2059:
2040:, and
2008:
2000:
1970:
1962:
1939:
1912:
1904:
1881:
1873:
1847:
1839:
1821:
1813:
1795:
1787:
1760:
1752:
1730:
1722:
1700:
1692:
1673:
1650:
1642:
1615:
1607:
1586:fishes
1580:
1572:
1550:
1542:
1513:
1488:
1465:
1455:
1383:
1373:
1298:
1083:-like
954:extant
946:clades
882:tracks
836:, and
784:spores
780:pollen
574:in an
313:Plants
293:Humans
283:Fishes
2026:worms
1631:eras.
1290:) by
1081:fungi
1039:algal
1031:algae
948:both
864:death
735:fauna
713:algae
705:fungi
697:flora
626:biota
288:Fungi
258:Birds
200:Cells
2096:ISBN
2094:and
2088:ISBN
2071:and
2057:ISBN
2006:ISBN
2004:and
1998:ISBN
1968:ISBN
1966:and
1960:ISBN
1947:and
1937:ISBN
1910:ISBN
1908:and
1902:ISBN
1889:and
1879:ISBN
1877:and
1871:ISBN
1845:ISBN
1843:and
1837:ISBN
1819:ISBN
1817:and
1811:ISBN
1793:ISBN
1791:and
1785:ISBN
1758:ISBN
1756:and
1750:ISBN
1728:ISBN
1726:and
1720:ISBN
1698:ISBN
1696:and
1690:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1648:ISBN
1646:and
1640:ISBN
1627:and
1613:ISBN
1611:and
1605:ISBN
1588:and
1578:ISBN
1576:and
1570:ISBN
1548:ISBN
1546:and
1540:ISBN
1511:ISBN
1486:ISBN
1463:PMID
1381:PMID
1296:ISBN
1079:and
1071:and
1063:eon
1059:and
1007:, a
972:and
952:and
866:and
818:and
790:and
775:and
749:and
741:and
723:and
707:and
664:and
652:and
585:(or
570:and
220:Hair
210:Eyes
2055:.
1688:.
1453:PMC
1445:doi
1441:283
1412:doi
1408:118
1371:PMC
1361:doi
1130:".
666:RNA
662:DNA
240:Sex
2330::
2036:,
2032:,
2028:,
2024:,
2020:,
1996:.
1935:.
1783:.
1748:.
1669:.
1603:.
1568:.
1538:.
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1451:.
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1369:.
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1118:,
1052:.
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2044:.
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1924:.
1893:.
1704:.
1592:.
1519:.
1494:.
1469:.
1447::
1420:.
1414::
1387:.
1363::
1302:.
1104:2
976:.
930:.
900:.
844:.
822:.
794:.
782:/
757:.
727:.
711:(
552:e
545:t
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34:.
20:)
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