558:
230:
1262:
445:
690:
704:
27:
497:. (A spit is a long, narrow tongue of sand extending from a mainland shoreline and formed by the shoreline drifting of sediments.) After a history of shifting, abandonment and reestablishment by storm breaches, many tidal inlets were slowly closed. Short islands were joined to form today's longer islands.
821:
Garrison, J. R.; Williams, J.; Potter Miller, S.; Weber, E. T.; McMechan, G.; Zeng, X. (2010). "Ground-Penetrating Radar Study of North Padre Island: Implications for
Barrier Island Internal Architecture, Model for Growth of Progradational Microtidal Barrier Islands, and Gulf of Mexico Sea-Level
504:
shoreline: accretionary or building phase, equilibrium or stability phase, and erosion or destructional state. The northern half of Padre Island's shoreline is in equilibrium; the southern half (and much of the remaining Texas coastline) is in an erosional stage. Wind, wave and current action
317:
The town of South Padre Island is located on its southern end, with the city of Corpus
Christi situated at the northern end, but the island as a whole is sparsely populated. The central part of the island is preserved in a natural wild state as
413:
After BallĂ died in 1829, the government granted title to the island to him posthumously, issued jointly in his name and that of his nephew Juan JosĂ© BallĂ. He had bequeathed half the island to his nephew, who had worked with him on his ranch.
537:
Flocks of migratory birds arrive at the island during either early spring or fall and winter, with thousands of birds spending the winter there or migrating through the area. During the summer the most common birds are
436:
in
America and involved up to 148 walkers, with a large mobile support staff. At the time, it claimed to be “the toughest, roughest athletic contest in the world,” with a finish rate of only 11%.
1504:
432:
During 1953-1956, an annual 110-mile, three-day walking race was held going the length of the island, south to north, called Padre Island
Walkathon. It was the first modern-era
402:
and missionary; he also managed large amounts of land where he ran a ranching operation. In 1804 he founded the first ethnic
Mexican settlement on the island as the town of
69:
505:
continue to rework and shape the island. South Padre Island has been in a destructive phase for a long time, probably having retreated landward (along with the
452:
Geologically speaking, Padre Island is a young island, having formed in just the last several thousand years. It is one of 300 barrier islands stretching from
1154:
475:
of shells. Geologic speculation indicates the emerged island may be 1000 to 1500 years younger. Barrier island origins have been debated for many years by
410:
had made a joint application with him for eleven leagues of the island, but when reapplication was required in 1800, she withdrew her name in favor of him.
512:
All of Padre Island will probably retreat landward through long-term erosion due to three causes: interruption and decrease in sediment supply, relative
406:(later known as Lost City). In 1827 after Mexico achieved independence, Father BallĂ requested a clear title to the property of Padre Island. His mother
1033:
1433:
1537:
1063:
1101:
722:
105:
1638:
1633:
1623:
1618:
1299:
290:
in New York on the
Atlantic Coast. It is about 113 miles (182 km) long and 1.8 miles (3 km) wide, stretching from the city of
1628:
1247:
1124:
875:
1205:
1613:
1195:
323:
1413:
1173:
1494:
1185:
267:(c.1770-1829), who owned the island and served as a missionary priest and collector of finances for all the churches in the
1468:
1217:
1161:
717:
384:
1530:
1200:
1056:
979:
334:" are often used to refer to the separated portions of the island. Padre Island is included within the jurisdictions of
1398:
1367:
1190:
1608:
1478:
1094:
407:
395:. The younger BallĂ's parents were both Spanish immigrants to Mexico and owned vast amounts of land by royal grants.
1276:
1089:
1523:
1336:
1261:
1049:
729:
494:
319:
1017:
417:
During World War II, United States scientists considered Padre Island as one of eight candidate sites for the
1438:
483:
type and supply, sea-level directional changes, current and wave strength and direction, and tide magnitude.
1473:
557:
521:
303:
32:
655:
561:
1084:
1290:
1281:
1572:
1210:
426:
295:
272:
268:
163:
1393:
1144:
1134:
1129:
584:
283:
1178:
801:
372:
at the time of
European encounter. During Spanish rule, Father JosĂ© Nicolás BallĂ, also known as
784:
326:. Since 1964, the island has been divided by the artificial Port Mansfield Channel. The terms "
1372:
1362:
1139:
418:
363:
229:
444:
1546:
1448:
1149:
1073:
648:
351:
343:
335:
291:
276:
244:
184:
176:
168:
1499:
1443:
1388:
1357:
1222:
1166:
879:
831:
658:
nests on Texas beaches, including 81 in the Padre Island
National Seashore and 4 on nearby
388:
347:
339:
180:
172:
8:
1423:
806:
1022:
835:
758:
1562:
1408:
1321:
955:
472:
331:
327:
220:
216:
1352:
1027:
1567:
1557:
839:
662:. Wildlife officials had released 10,594 Kemp's ridleys hatchlings along the Texas
580:
369:
260:
931:
1242:
491:
901:
1577:
1418:
695:
659:
513:
501:
461:
399:
307:
299:
252:
248:
57:
373:
264:
1602:
1587:
636:
624:
604:
600:
596:
576:
433:
311:
84:
71:
631:. The two periodically appearing birds nesting on the park's shores are the
1515:
709:
616:
588:
547:
1041:
843:
592:
422:
287:
1018:
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographic Names Information System: Padre Island
1403:
1326:
857:
632:
628:
620:
612:
572:
539:
380:
234:
151:
960:
Smithsonian
National Zoological Park - Conservation Biology Institute
543:
517:
476:
26:
651:
551:
524:
build Padre Island's landward side at the expense of Laguna Madre.
480:
479:, but it is agreed they are formed and modified by such factors as
468:
820:
298:
in the south. The island is oriented north-south, bordered by the
1331:
689:
500:
Padre Island graphically illustrates the life and sequences of a
464:
act to protect the mainland from the direct onslaught of storms.
376:, owned the island in the 19th century, when it was known as the
986:. CORPUS CHRISTI, Texas. The Associated Press. September 4, 2007
567:
The most common birds on the Gulf beach during the year are the
1505:
United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
670:' nets; they are widely hunted in Mexico as popular sources of
667:
568:
506:
457:
666:
in 2007. The turtles are endangered due to getting caught in
663:
487:
453:
392:
310:
by roadway. The southern end of the island is separated from
156:
36:
251:. The island is located along Texas's southern coast of the
1010:
675:
671:
608:
200:
322:
and part of the lower island is protected as part of the
282:
Padre Island is the second-largest island by area in the
486:
It is theorized that Padre Island formed from offshore
685:
368:The island was used and occupied seasonally by the
306:on the west. The island's northern end connects to
255:and is noted for its white sandy beaches. Meaning
1434:South Texas Botanical Gardens & Nature Center
1600:
804:(February 1961). "The Fabulous State of Texas".
383:. Padre Island had been granted in 1759 to his
800:
1531:
1057:
520:washovers and wind-carried sand deposited in
1545:
723:List of islands of the United States by area
642:
429:in New Mexico for the detonation, instead.
294:, in the north, to the resort community of
1538:
1524:
1071:
1064:
1050:
467:Padre Island began forming as a submerged
980:"Endangered Turtle Nests Found in Texas"
899:
753:
751:
749:
747:
745:
556:
443:
324:Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge
228:
1248:Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi
1601:
956:"Smithsonian – Migratory Bird Project"
932:"Padre Island National Seashore birds"
516:, and tropical storm activity. Today,
1519:
1045:
1034:"Automobile Traffic on Texas Beaches"
926:
924:
922:
742:
404:"El Rancho Santa Cruz de Buena Vista"
1469:Corpus Christi International Airport
718:List of islands of the United States
13:
1639:Landforms of Willacy County, Texas
1634:Landforms of Kleberg County, Texas
1624:Landforms of Corpus Christi, Texas
1619:Landforms of Cameron County, Texas
1399:Hans and Pat Suter Wildlife Refuge
919:
902:"Padre Island 110-miler 1953-1956"
104:209 sq mi (540 km)(
14:
1650:
1629:Landforms of Kenedy County, Texas
1002:
878:. Walker, Gregory. Archived from
794:
471:some 4500 years ago, as shown by
448:Padre Island sand dunes at sunset
1277:Naval Air Station Corpus Christi
1260:
858:"The Balli History Time Capsule"
765:. Texas State Historical Society
702:
688:
35:waters enclosed along the south
25:
16:Barrier island in southern Texas
1614:Islands of Nueces County, Texas
972:
900:Crockett, Davy (28 July 2018).
824:Journal of Sedimentary Research
398:José Nicolás Ballà served as a
387:grandfather, Nicolás BallĂ, by
132:263.22 mi (423.61 km)
948:
893:
868:
850:
814:
776:
730:Padre Island National Seashore
320:Padre Island National Seashore
31:Padre Island map, showing the
1:
735:
654:officials found a record 128
490:, with later growth aided by
314:by the Brazos Santiago Pass.
810:. Vol. 119, no. 2.
408:Rosa MarĂa Hinojosa de BallĂ
271:. He also founded the first
263:, it was named after Father
7:
681:
527:
124:1.61 mi (2.59 km)
10:
1655:
439:
361:
357:
1553:
1487:
1461:
1381:
1345:
1312:
1269:
1258:
1233:
1117:
1110:
1080:
876:"Trinity Atomic Web Site"
509:and mainland shoreline).
427:White Sands Missile Range
213:
195:
190:
162:
150:
141:
136:
128:
120:
116:113 mi (182 km)
112:
100:
63:
53:
48:
44:
24:
1609:Barrier islands of Texas
1547:Barrier islands of Texas
1368:C.C. Rugby Football Club
763:Handbook of Texas Online
656:Kemp's ridley sea turtle
643:Kemp's ridley sea turtle
585:double-crested cormorant
562:Kemp's ridley sea turtle
532:
284:contiguous United States
247:and the world's longest
789:Encyclopædia Britannica
1293:City of Corpus Christi
607:, and five species of
564:
449:
364:Hispanic Heritage Site
243:is the largest of the
237:
191:Additional information
1479:JFK Memorial Causeway
936:National Park Service
759:"BallĂ, JosĂ© Nicolás"
649:Corpus Christi, Texas
560:
447:
245:Texas barrier islands
232:
85:26.84444°N 97.36778°W
1444:Texas State Aquarium
1389:American Bank Center
1155:Veterans Memorial HS
906:Ultrarunning History
844:10.2110/jsr.2010.034
1424:One Shoreline Plaza
984:The Washington Post
836:2010JSedR..80..303G
807:National Geographic
647:In September 2007,
354:counties in Texas.
90:26.84444; -97.36778
81: /
21:
1409:Mirador de la Flor
1322:Corpus Christi Bay
1302:Corpus Christi Bay
1125:Corpus Christi ISD
565:
473:radiocarbon dating
450:
332:South Padre Island
328:North Padre Island
296:South Padre Island
265:JosĂ© Nicolás BallĂ
238:
221:South Padre Island
19:
1596:
1595:
1513:
1512:
1256:
1255:
1206:Tuloso-Midway ISD
1028:Handbook of Texas
269:Rio Grande Valley
227:
226:
1646:
1568:Matagorda Island
1558:Galveston Island
1540:
1533:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1264:
1211:Tuloso-Midway HS
1196:Port Aransas ISD
1115:
1114:
1066:
1059:
1052:
1043:
1042:
1014:
1013:
1011:Official website
996:
995:
993:
991:
976:
970:
969:
967:
966:
952:
946:
945:
943:
942:
928:
917:
916:
914:
912:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
872:
866:
865:
854:
848:
847:
818:
812:
811:
798:
792:
791:
780:
774:
773:
771:
770:
755:
712:
707:
706:
705:
698:
693:
692:
611:, including the
581:great blue heron
546:as well as some
460:. These natural
389:King Charles III
385:Spanish colonist
378:Isla de Santiago
370:Karankawa people
302:on the east and
209:
206:
204:
202:
196:Official website
96:
95:
93:
92:
91:
86:
82:
79:
78:
77:
74:
29:
22:
18:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1643:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1573:San José Island
1563:Follet's Island
1549:
1544:
1514:
1509:
1483:
1457:
1377:
1341:
1314:
1308:
1265:
1252:
1243:Del Mar College
1235:
1229:
1174:Flour Bluff ISD
1145:Foy H. Moody HS
1135:Richard King HS
1130:Mary Carroll HS
1106:
1076:
1070:
1039:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1000:
999:
989:
987:
978:
977:
973:
964:
962:
954:
953:
949:
940:
938:
930:
929:
920:
910:
908:
898:
894:
885:
883:
874:
873:
869:
856:
855:
851:
819:
815:
799:
795:
783:
781:
777:
768:
766:
757:
756:
743:
738:
708:
703:
701:
694:
687:
684:
645:
535:
530:
462:barrier islands
442:
366:
360:
275:in present-day
199:
146:
89:
87:
83:
80:
75:
72:
70:
68:
67:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1652:
1642:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1578:Mustang Island
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1543:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1465:
1463:
1462:Transportation
1459:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1419:Mustang Island
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1284:Corpus Christi
1279:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1179:flour Bluff HS
1171:
1170:
1169:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1121:
1119:
1112:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1087:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:Corpus Christi
1069:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1020:
1015:
1004:
1003:External links
1001:
998:
997:
971:
947:
918:
892:
867:
849:
830:(4): 303–319.
813:
802:Stanley Walker
793:
785:"Padre Island"
775:
740:
739:
737:
734:
733:
732:
727:
726:
725:
714:
713:
699:
696:Islands portal
683:
680:
660:Mustang Island
644:
641:
534:
531:
529:
526:
514:sea level rise
441:
438:
400:secular priest
359:
356:
308:Mustang Island
300:Gulf of Mexico
292:Corpus Christi
277:Cameron County
253:Gulf of Mexico
249:barrier island
225:
224:
211:
210:
197:
193:
192:
188:
187:
166:
160:
159:
154:
148:
147:
142:
139:
138:
137:Administration
134:
133:
130:
126:
125:
122:
118:
117:
114:
110:
109:
102:
98:
97:
65:
61:
60:
58:Gulf of Mexico
55:
51:
50:
46:
45:
42:
41:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1651:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1589:
1588:Brazos Island
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1500:Nueces County
1498:
1496:
1493:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1474:Harbor Bridge
1472:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1453: (CV-16)
1452:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1317:
1311:
1305:
1303:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1286: (PF-44)
1285:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1263:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1232:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1186:Ingleside ISD
1184:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1140:Roy Miller HS
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1075:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1006:
985:
981:
975:
961:
957:
951:
937:
933:
927:
925:
923:
907:
903:
896:
882:on 2010-04-20
881:
877:
871:
863:
862:www.balli.org
859:
853:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
817:
809:
808:
803:
797:
790:
786:
779:
764:
760:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
741:
731:
728:
724:
721:
720:
719:
716:
715:
711:
700:
697:
691:
686:
679:
677:
674:material and
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
650:
640:
638:
637:piping plover
634:
630:
626:
625:Sandwich tern
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
605:reddish egret
602:
601:brown pelican
598:
597:laughing gull
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
577:black skimmer
574:
570:
563:
559:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
525:
523:
519:
515:
510:
508:
503:
498:
496:
493:
489:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
465:
463:
459:
455:
446:
437:
435:
434:ultramarathon
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
411:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
379:
375:
371:
365:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
315:
313:
312:Brazos Island
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
280:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
236:
233:Padre Island
231:
223:
222:
218:
212:
208:
198:
194:
189:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
167:
165:
161:
158:
155:
153:
149:
145:
144:United States
140:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
94:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
34:
28:
23:
1583:Padre Island
1582:
1450:
1439:Sunrise Mall
1429:Padre Island
1428:
1373:C.C. Tritons
1363:C.C. IceRays
1301:
1292:
1283:
1236:universities
1234:Colleges and
1218:West Oso ISD
1162:Calallen ISD
1150:W. B. Ray HS
1038:
1026:
1023:Padre Island
990:19 September
988:. Retrieved
983:
974:
963:. Retrieved
959:
950:
939:. Retrieved
935:
909:. Retrieved
905:
895:
884:. Retrieved
880:the original
870:
861:
852:
827:
823:
822:Cyclicity".
816:
805:
796:
788:
778:
767:. Retrieved
762:
710:Texas portal
646:
617:Caspian tern
589:cattle egret
566:
536:
522:Laguna Madre
511:
499:
485:
466:
451:
431:
416:
412:
403:
397:
377:
367:
316:
304:Laguna Madre
281:
256:
241:Padre Island
240:
239:
214:
143:
106:31st in U.S.
33:Laguna Madre
20:Padre Island
1223:West Oso HS
1201:Riviera ISD
1167:Calallen HS
911:27 February
593:grey plover
423:atomic bomb
374:Padre BallĂ
288:Long Island
88: /
64:Coordinates
1603:Categories
1488:Government
1404:La Palmera
1358:C.C. Hooks
1327:Nueces Bay
1315:recreation
1304:(T-ARVH-1)
1191:London ISD
1102:Mass media
1085:Government
965:2019-07-25
941:2019-07-25
886:2010-08-20
769:2015-08-15
736:References
633:least tern
629:royal tern
621:black tern
613:least tern
573:sanderling
544:marshbirds
477:geologists
425:but chose
419:first test
381:land grant
362:See also:
235:sand dunes
76:97°22′04″W
73:26°50′40″N
1451:Lexington
1449:USS
1313:Parks and
1295:(SSN-705)
1282:USS
1111:Education
668:shrimpers
552:songbirds
518:hurricane
495:accretion
129:Coastline
49:Geography
1270:Military
1095:Timeline
1072:City of
682:See also
652:wildlife
528:Wildlife
481:sediment
469:sand bar
286:, after
164:Counties
54:Location
1414:Museums
1394:Bayfest
1382:Tourism
1353:C.C. FC
1332:Oso Bay
1118:Schools
1090:History
1025:at the
832:Bibcode
548:raptors
502:barrier
440:Geology
358:History
352:Willacy
344:Kleberg
336:Cameron
330:" and "
273:mission
261:Spanish
185:Willacy
177:Kleberg
169:Cameron
1346:Sports
627:, and
569:willet
507:lagoon
488:shoals
458:Mexico
421:of an
350:, and
348:Nueces
340:Kenedy
257:father
181:Nueces
173:Kenedy
113:Length
39:coast.
1495:TX 27
1337:Parks
1300:USNS
664:coast
609:terns
540:shore
533:Birds
454:Maine
393:Spain
217:North
215:See:
207:/pais
157:Texas
152:State
121:Width
37:Texas
1291:USS
992:2012
913:2022
676:food
672:boot
635:and
550:and
542:and
492:spit
219:and
205:.gov
203:.nps
101:Area
840:doi
456:to
391:of
259:in
201:www
1605::
982:.
958:.
934:.
921:^
904:.
860:.
838:.
828:80
826:.
787:,
782:*
761:.
744:^
678:.
639:.
623:,
619:,
615:,
603:,
599:,
595:,
591:,
587:,
583:,
579:,
575:,
571:,
554:.
346:,
342:,
338:,
279:.
183:,
179:,
175:,
171:,
1539:e
1532:t
1525:v
1065:e
1058:t
1051:v
994:.
968:.
944:.
915:.
889:.
864:.
846:.
842::
834::
772:.
108:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
