Nitrox - Knowledge

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compressor or a regulated supply from high pressure storage or compressor. The air must be free of contaminants that could clog the membrane, and at a constant inlet temperature and pressure to produce a consistent delivered partial pressure of oxygen. The air must be of breathing quality, other contaminants must be filtered out independently. The input air pressure is regulated and pressure over the membrane controlled to adjust the product oxygen fraction. CGA Grade D or E air quality is suitable for supply gas, and is commonly heated to a constant inlet temperature. Heating also reduces the chance of high humidity causing wetting of the membrane. In a typical system supply air enters the thousands of hollow fibres of the membrane at one end, and oxygen preferentially permeates the fibre walls, leaving mostly nitrogen at the discharge end, which is vented from the system as waste.

265:, teach the use of two depth limits to protect against oxygen toxicity. The shallower depth is called the "maximum operating depth" and is reached when the partial pressure of oxygen in the breathing gas reaches 1.4 bar (140 kPa). The deeper depth, called the "contingency depth", is reached when the partial pressure reaches 1.6 bar (160 kPa). Diving at or beyond this level exposes the diver to a greater risk of central nervous system (CNS) oxygen toxicity. This can be extremely dangerous since its onset is often without warning and can lead to drowning, as the regulator may be spat out during convulsions, which occur in conjunction with sudden unconsciousness (general seizure induced by oxygen toxicity). 447:

nitrogen and oxygen with more than 21% oxygen. "Enriched Air Nitrox" or "EAN", and "Oxygen Enriched Air" are used to emphasize richer than air mixtures. In "EANx", the "x" was originally the x of nitrox, but has come to indicate the percentage of oxygen in the mix and is replaced by a number when the percentage is known; for example, a 40% oxygen mix is called EAN40. The two most popular blends are EAN32 and EAN36, developed by NOAA for scientific diving, and also named Nitrox I and Nitrox II, respectively, or Nitrox68/32 and Nitrox64/36. These two mixtures were first utilized to the depth and oxygen limits for scientific diving designated by NOAA at the time.

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even moderate exertion while breathing from the regulator is a relatively uncommon occurrence in recreational scuba, as divers usually try to minimize it in order to conserve gas, episodes of exertion while regulator-breathing do occasionally occur in recreational diving. Examples are surface-swimming a distance to a boat or beach after surfacing, where residual "safety" cylinder gas is often used freely, since the remainder will be wasted anyway when the dive is completed, and unplanned contingencies due to currents or buoyancy problems. It is possible that these so-far un-studied situations have contributed to some of the positive reputation of nitrox.

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extended no-stop times vary depending on the decompression model used to derive the tables, but as an approximation, it is based on the partial pressure of nitrogen at the dive depth. This principle can be used to calculate an equivalent air depth (EAD) with the same partial pressure of nitrogen as the mix to be used, and this depth is less than the actual dive depth for oxygen enriched mixtures. The equivalent air depth is used with air decompression tables to calculate decompression obligation and no-stop times. The

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diving community who insist that they feel reduced narcotic effects at depths breathing nitrox. This may be due to a dissociation of the subjective and behavioural effects of narcosis. Although oxygen appears chemically more narcotic at the surface, relative narcotic effects at depth have never been studied in detail, but it is known that different gases produce different narcotic effects as depth increases. Helium has no narcotic effect, but results in

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sub-clinical decompression sickness (DCS) (i.e. micro bubbles in the blood insufficient to cause symptoms of DCS); the fact that the study mentioned was conducted in a dry chamber with an ideal decompression profile may have been sufficient to reduce sub-clinical DCS and prevent fatigue in both nitrox and air divers. In 2008, a study was published using wet divers at the same depth no statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue was seen.

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known to occur when this guideline has been properly applied. Tens of thousands of recreational divers are trained each year and the overwhelming majority of these divers are taught the "over 40% rule". Most nitrox fill stations which supply pre-mixed nitrox will fill cylinders with mixtures below 40% without certification of cleanliness for oxygen service. Luxfer cylinders specify oxygen cleaning for all mixtures exceeding 23.5% oxygen.

13377: 13343: 624:. For example, based on the PADI nitrox recommendations, the maximum operating depth for EAN45 would be 21 metres (69 ft) and the maximum dive time available at this depth even with EAN36 is nearly 1 hour 15 minutes: a diver with a breathing rate of 20 litres per minute using twin 10-litre, 230-bar (about double 85 cu. ft.) cylinders would have completely emptied the cylinders after 1 hour 14 minutes at this depth. 339: 891: 13331: 790:. The compressor and particularly the compressor oil, must be suitable for this service. If the resulting oxygen fraction is less than 40%, the cylinder and valve may not be required to be cleaned for oxygen service. Relatively efficient and quick compared to partial pressure blending, but requires a suitable compressor, and the range of mixes may be limited by the compressor specification. 875:

identified by a transparent, self-adhesive label with green lettering, fitted below the shoulder. In effect this is green lettering on a yellow cylinder, with a gray shoulder. The composition of the gas must also be specified on the label. In practice this is done by a small additional self-adhesive label marked with the measured oxygen fraction, which is changed when a new mix is filled.

751: 647:. Normally, however, the most oxygen-lean of the diver's decompression gases would be used for this purpose, since descent time spent reaching a depth where bottom mix is no longer hypoxic is normally small, and the distance between this depth and the MOD of any nitrox decompression gas is likely to be very short, if it occurs at all. 387:. The course is short, with a theory module on the risks of oxygen toxicity and the calculation of maximum operating depth, and a practical module of generally two dives using nitrox. It is one of the most popular further training programmes for entry level divers as it makes longer dives possible at a large number of popular sites. 1088:(NOAA) Diving Center, began instituting diving procedures for oxygen-enriched air. He introduced the concept of Equivalent Air Depth (EAD). He also developed a process for mixing oxygen and air which he called a continuous blending system. For many years Wells' invention was the only practical alternative to 907:

gas containing more than 40% oxygen may again be added. Cylinders marked as 'not oxygen clean' may only be filled with oxygen-enriched air mixtures from membrane or stick blending systems where the gas is mixed before being added to the cylinder, and to an oxygen fraction not exceeding 40% by volume.

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onvulsions). However, evidence from non-fatal oxygen convulsions indicates that most convulsions are not preceded by any warning symptoms at all. Further, many of the suggested warning signs are also symptoms of nitrogen narcosis, and so may lead to misdiagnosis by a diver. A solution to either is to

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Controlled tests have not shown breathing nitrox to reduce the effects of nitrogen narcosis, as oxygen seems to have similarly narcotic properties under pressure to nitrogen; thus one should not expect a reduction in narcotic effects due only to the use of nitrox. Nonetheless, there are people in the

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A limited range of mixes is possible, but the equipment is quick and easy to operate and relatively safe, as there is never high partial pressure oxygen involved. A supply of clean low-pressure air at a constant temperature is required for consistent results. This may be supplied from a low pressure

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Advanced nitrox certification (Advanced nitrox diver) requires competence to carry two nitrox mixtures in separate scuba sets, and to use the richer mix for accelerated decompression at the end of the dive, switching gases underwater at the correct planned depth and selecting the new gas on the dive

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suit. This concept was produced and marketed as the DM20 oxygen rebreather system and the DM40 nitrox rebreather system, in which air from one cylinder and oxygen from a second cylinder were mixed during injection through a nozzle which circulated the breathing gas through the scrubber and the rest

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train their divers to personally check the oxygen percentage content of each nitrox cylinder before every dive. If the oxygen percentage deviates by more than 1% from the planned mix, the diver must either recalculate the dive plan with the actual mix, or else abort the dive to avoid increased risk

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containing a blend of gasses other than standard air is required by most diver training organizations, and some national governments, to be clearly marked to indicate the current gas mixture. In practice it is common to use a printed adhesive label to indicate the type of gas (in this case nitrox),

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problems. It was later used by Dr Morgan Wells of NOAA for mixtures with an oxygen fraction higher than air, and has become a generic term for binary mixtures of nitrogen and oxygen with any oxygen fraction, and in the context of recreational and technical diving, now usually refers to a mixture of

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Nitrox is known by many names: Enriched Air Nitrox, Oxygen Enriched Air, Nitrox, EANx or Safe Air. Since the word is a compound contraction or coined word and not an acronym, it should not be written in all upper case characters as "NITROX", but may be initially capitalized

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for the same risk. The significant aspect of extended no-stop time when using nitrox mixtures is reduced risk in a situation where breathing gas supply is compromised, as the diver can make a direct ascent to the surface with an acceptably low risk of decompression sickness. The exact values of the

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started occasionally diving with oxygen rebreathers adapted for semi-closed-circuit nitrox (which they called "mixture") diving by fitting larger cylinders and carefully setting the gas flow rate using a flow meter. These developments were kept secret until independently duplicated by civilians in

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Use of a gas mix that differs from the planned mix introduces an increased risk of decompression sickness or an increased risk of oxygen toxicity, depending on the error. It may be possible to simply recalculate the dive plan or set the dive computer accordingly, but in some cases the planned dive

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and suitable for partial pressure blending. Any oxygen-clean cylinder may have any mix up to 100% oxygen inside. If by some accident an oxygen-clean cylinder is filled at a station that does not supply gas to oxygen-clean standards it is then considered contaminated and must be re-cleaned before a

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South African National Standard 10019:2008 specifies the colour of all scuba cylinders as Golden yellow with French gray shoulder. This applies to all underwater breathing gases except medical oxygen, which must be carried in cylinders that are Black with a White shoulder. Nitrox cylinders must be

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Meanwhile, diving stores were finding a purely economic reason to offer nitrox: not only was an entire new course and certification needed to use it, but instead of cheap or free tank fills with compressed air, dive shops found they could charge premium amounts of money for custom-gas blending of

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was the first UK recreational diving training agency to acknowledge and endorse the Nitrox training their members had undertaken with one of the tech agencies. The SAA's first recreational Nitrox qualification was issued in April 1993. The SAA's first Nitrox instructor was Vic Bonfante and he was

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editor Bill Gleason dubbed nitrox the "Voodoo Gas". The annual DEMA show (held in Houston, Texas that year) banned nitrox training providers from the show. This caused a backlash, and when DEMA relented, a number of organizations took the opportunity to present nitrox workshops outside the show.

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Of the three commonly applied methods of producing enriched air mixes – continuous blending, partial pressure blending, and membrane separation systems – only partial pressure blending would require the valve and cylinder components to be oxygen cleaned for mixtures with less than 40% oxygen. The

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Among recreational training agencies, only ANDI subscribes to the guideline of requiring oxygen cleaning for equipment used with more than 23% oxygen fraction. The USCG, NOAA, U.S. Navy, OSHA, and the other recreational training agencies accept the limit as 40% as no accident or incident has been

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Further studies with a number of different dive profiles, and also different levels of exertion, would be necessary to fully investigate this issue. For example, there is much better scientific evidence that breathing high-oxygen gases increases exercise tolerance, during aerobic exertion. Though

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There is anecdotal evidence that the use of nitrox reduces post-dive fatigue, particularly in older and or obese divers; however a double-blind study to test this found no statistically significant reduction in reported fatigue. There was, however, some suggestion that post-dive fatigue is due to

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Much of the confusion appears to be a result of misapplying PVHO (pressure vessel for human occupancy) guidelines which prescribe a maximum ambient oxygen content of 25% when a human is sealed into a pressure vessel (chamber). The concern here is for a fire hazard to a living person who could be

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Any gas which contains a significantly larger percentage of oxygen than air is a fire hazard, and such gases can react with hydrocarbons or lubricants and sealing materials inside the filling system to produce toxic gases, even if a fire is not apparent. Some organisations exempt equipment from

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Partial pressure blending using pure oxygen decanted into the cylinder before topping up with air may involve very high oxygen fractions and oxygen partial pressures during the decanting process, which constitute a relatively high fire hazard. This procedure requires care and precautions by the

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In 1999, a survey by R.W. Hamilton showed that over hundreds of thousands of nitrox dives, the DCS record is good. Nitrox had become popular with recreational divers, but not used much by commercial divers who tend to use surface supplied breathing apparatus. The OSHA accepted a petition for a

968:. If the internal pressure exceeds the mechanical limitations of the cylinder and there are no means to safely vent the pressurized gas to the atmosphere, the vessel will fail mechanically. If the vessel contents are ignitable or a contaminant is present this event may result in a "fireball". 655:

The composition of a nitrox mix can be optimized for a given planned dive profile. This is termed "Best mix", for the dive, and provides the maximum no-decompression time compatible with acceptable oxygen exposure. An acceptable maximum partial pressure of oxygen is selected based on depth and

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for that mix, and the signature of the receiving diver, who should have personally measured the oxygen fraction before taking delivery. All of these steps reduce risk but increase complexity of operations as each diver must use the specific cylinder they have checked out. In South Africa, the

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operator, and decanting equipment and cylinders which are clean for oxygen service, but the equipment is relatively simple and inexpensive. Partial pressure blending using pure oxygen is often used to provide nitrox on live-aboard dive boats, but it is also used in some dive shops and clubs.

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concentrations between 22% and 50% that meet their gas quality and handling specifications, and specifically claim that these mixtures are safer than normally produced breathing air for the end user not envolved to the mix production which. Considering the complexities and hazards of mixing,

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The term Oxygen Enriched Air (OEN) was accepted by the (American) scientific diving community, but although it is probably the most unambiguous and simply descriptive term yet proposed, it was resisted by the recreational diving community, sometimes in favour of less appropriate terminology.

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to reduce the proportion of nitrogen in the breathing gas mixture. The main benefit is reduced decompression risk. To a considerably lesser extent it is also used in surface supplied diving, where the logistics are relatively complex, similar to the use of other diving gas mixtures like

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Mixing by mass fraction: oxygen and air or nitrogen are added to a cylinder that is accurately weighed until the required mix is achieved. This method requires fairly large and highly accurate scales, otherwise it is similar to partial pressure blending, but insensitive to temperature

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material of the gases at near-ambient temperatures. Specific adsorbent materials are used as a trap, preferentially adsorbing the target gases at high pressure. The process then swings to low pressure to desorb the adsorbed material and flush the adsorbent container so that it can be

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Maximum Operating Depth (MOD) is the maximum safe depth at which a given nitrox mixture can be used. MOD depends on the allowed partial pressure of oxygen, which is related to exposure time and the acceptable risk assumed for central nervous system oxygen toxicity. Acceptable maximum

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rules for use of nitrox, which are followed by dive resorts around the world, filled nitrox cylinders are signed out personally in a blended gas records book, which contains, for each cylinder and fill, the cylinder number, the measured oxygen fraction by percentage, the calculated

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when referring to specific mixtures such as Nitrox32, which contains 68% nitrogen and 32% oxygen. When one figure is stated, it refers to the oxygen percentage, not the nitrogen percentage. The original convention, Nitrox68/32 became shortened as the first figure is redundant.

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national standard for handling and filling portable cylinders with pressurised gases (SANS 10019) requires that the cylinder be labelled with a sticker identifying the contents as nitrox, and specifying the oxygen fraction. Similar requirements may apply in other countries.

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nitrox to their ordinary, moderately experienced divers. With the new dive computers which could be programmed to allow for the longer bottom-times and shorter residual nitrogen times that nitrox gave, the incentive for the sport diver to use the gas increased.

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Recreational nitrox certification (Nitrox diver) allows the diver to use a single nitrox gas mixture with 40% or less oxygen by volume on a dive without obligatory decompression. The reason for using nitrox on this type of dive profile can be to extend the

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computer if one is carried. For the purposes of the certification any mixture from air to nominally 100% oxygen may be used, though at least one agency prefers to limit oxygen fraction to 80% as they consider this has a lower risk for oxygen toxicity.

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Use of nitrox may cause a reduced ventilatory response, and when breathing dense gas at the deeper limits of the usable range, this may result in carbon dioxide retention when exercise levels are high, with an increased risk of loss of consciousness.

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Within the EU, valves with M26x2 outlet thread are recommended for cylinders with increased oxygen content. Regulators for use with these cylinders require compatible connectors, and are not directly connectable with cylinders for compressed air.

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The following references for oxygen cleaning specifically cite the "over 40%" guideline that has been in widespread use since the 1960s, and consensus at the 1992 Enriched Air Workshop was to accept that guideline and continue the status quo.

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In: Lang, MA; Jaap, WC (Ed). Diving for Science…1989. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Annual Scientific Diving Symposium 28 September - 1 October 1989 Wood Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts,

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requires relatively complex equipment, otherwise the advantages are similar to membrane separation. PSA is a technology used to separate gases from a mixture under pressure according to the molecular characteristics and affinity for an

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is known, and the maximum operating depth is not exceeded. Many dive shops, dive operators, and gas blenders (individuals trained to blend gases) require the diver to present a nitrox certification card before selling nitrox to divers.

9460: 1132:), the T being added when the European Association of Technical Divers (EATD) merged with IAND. In the early 1990s, these agencies were teaching nitrox, but the main scuba agencies were not. Additional new organizations, including the 1188:(PADI) announced full educational support for nitrox. While other mainline scuba organizations had announced their support of nitrox earlier, it was PADI's endorsement that established nitrox as a standard recreational diving option. 2601:

In: Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences Twelfth Annual Scientific Diving Symposium "Diving for Science 1992". Held September 24–27, 1992 at the University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington,

99:, as these advantages are reduced by the more complex logistical requirements for nitrox compared to the use of simple low-pressure compressors for breathing gas supply. Nitrox can also be used in hyperbaric treatment of 631:

as decompression gas, which by virtue of its lower partial pressure of inert gases such as nitrogen and helium, allows for more efficient (faster) elimination of these gases from the tissues than leaner oxygen mixtures.

1171:, called the Bridge, the aquaCorps TEK93 conference was held in San Francisco, and a practicable oil limit of 0.1 mg/m for oxygen compatible air was set. The Canadian armed forces issued EAD tables with an upper PO 454:

In its early days of introduction to non-technical divers, nitrox has occasionally also been known by detractors by less complimentary terms, such as "devil gas" or "voodoo gas" (a term now sometimes used with pride).

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Higher values are used by commercial and military divers in special circumstances, often when the diver uses surface supplied breathing apparatus, or for treatment in a chamber, where the airway is relatively secure.

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Mixing by continuous blending: measured quantities of oxygen are introduced to air and mixed with it before it reaches the compressor inlet. Concentration of oxygen is commonly monitored as partial pressure using an

103:, usually at pressures where pure oxygen would be hazardous. Nitrox is not a safer gas than compressed air in all respects; although its use can reduce the risk of decompression sickness, it increases the risks of 779:. This method is very versatile and requires relatively little additional equipment if a suitable compressor is available, but it is labour-intensive, and high partial pressures of oxygen are relatively hazardous. 429:

may be as supplementary oxygen, added to the inspired air, which would technically be a use of nitrox, blended on site, but this is not normally referred to as such, as the gas provided for the purpose is oxygen.

1103:, formed IAND (International Association of Nitrox Divers) and began teaching nitrox use for recreational diving. This was considered dangerous by some, and met with heavy skepticism by the diving community. 147:

Reducing the proportion of nitrogen by increasing the proportion of oxygen reduces the risk of decompression sickness for the same dive profile, or allows extended dive times without increasing the need for

746:{\displaystyle f_{{\text{O}}_{2},{\text{max}}}={\frac {p_{{\text{O}}_{2},{\text{max}}}}{p}}={\frac {\text{Maximum acceptable partial pressure of oxygen}}{\text{Maximum ambient pressure of the dive}}}} 9474: 2585:

South African National Standard 10019:2021, Transportable containers for compressed, dissolved and liquefied gases - Basic design, manufacture, use and maintenance, Standards South Africa, Pretoria

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South African National Standard 10019:2008, Transportable containers for compressed, dissolved and liquefied gases - Basic design, manufacture, use and maintenance, Standards South Africa, Pretoria

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permeable membrane is used to remove some of the nitrogen molecules from air until the required mix is achieved. The resulting low pressure nitrox is then pumped into cylinders by a compressor.

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gases are breathed during the bottom portion of the dive, a Nitrox mix with 50% or less oxygen called a "travel mix" is sometimes breathed during the beginning of the descent in order to avoid

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handling, analyzing, and using oxygen-enriched air, this name is considered inappropriate by those who consider that it is not inherently "safe", but merely has decompression advantages.

7115: 10191: 6871: 5751: 13220: 9481: 7110: 92:).The two most common recreational diving nitrox mixes are 32% and 36% oxygen, which have maximum operating depths of about 110 feet (34 meters) and 95 feet (29 meters respectively. 2058: 8414: 782:

Pre-mix decanting: the gas supplier provides large cylinders with popular mixes such as 32% and 36%. These may be further diluted with air to provide a larger range of mixtures.

1498: 8340: 68:, nitrox is normally distinguished from air and handled differently. The most common use of nitrox mixtures containing oxygen in higher proportions than atmospheric air is in 9567: 442:

The term "nitrox" was originally used to refer to the breathing gas in a seafloor habitat where the oxygen has to be kept to a lower fraction than in air to avoid long term

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that come into contact with mixes containing higher proportions of oxygen, particularly at high pressure, need special cleaning and servicing to reduce the risk of

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The 2021 revision of SANS 10019 changed the colour specification to Light navy grey for the shoulder, and a different label specification which includes

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Lafère, Pierre; Balestro, Constantino; Hemelryck, Walter; Donda, Nicola; Sakr, Ahmed; Taher, Adel; Marroni, Sandro; Germonpré, Peter (September 2010).

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In 1994, John Lamb and Vandagraph launched the first oxygen analyser built specifically for Nitrox and mixed-gas divers, at the Birmingham Dive Show.

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banned its members from using nitrox during BSAC activities. IAND's name was changed to the International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers (

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control, a vital part of scuba diving in its own right, and a disciplined approach to preparing, planning and executing a dive to ensure that the ppO

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magazine, the leading recreational diving publication at the time, published a three-part series arguing that nitrox was unsafe for sport divers.

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when breathed at high pressures, which does not happen with gases that have greater narcotic potency. However, because of risks associated with

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Nitrox with more than 40% oxygen is uncommon within recreational diving. There are two main reasons for this: the first is that all pieces of

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and 24 msw and the ascents from these depths to the next stop. At 18 m the gas is switched to oxygen for the rest of the treatment.

13250: 13001: 10049: 9488: 13150: 13026: 12962: 9995: 7624: 6498: 589:(MODs) of 34 metres (112 ft) and 29 metres (95 ft) respectively when limited to a maximum partial pressure of oxygen of 1.4 1195:

started with Nitrox 1 (recreational) and Nitrox 2 (technical). A German ProTec Nitrox manual (ref to the 6th edition) has been published.

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In 1992, the Scuba Diving Resources Group organised a workshop where some guidelines were established, and some misconceptions addressed.

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Training standards for nitrox certification suggest the composition must be verified by the diver by using an oxygen analyzer before use.

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aims for, but the final actual mix may vary from the specification, and so a small flow of gas from the cylinder must be measured with an

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varies depending on factors such as the training agency, the type of dive, the breathing equipment and the level of surface support, with

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A position which it would formally maintain until in 1995 magazine editor Bill Gleason was reported to say that nitrox was "all right".

180:, divers do not usually use nitrox at greater depths where more pronounced narcosis symptoms are more likely to occur. For deep diving, 13210: 12993: 10791: 10510: 9712: 7573: 1164: 110:

Though not generally referred to as nitrox, an oxygen-enriched air mixture is routinely provided at normal surface ambient pressure as

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and perceived fatigue criteria found that diver alertness after a dive on nitrox was significantly better than after an air dive.

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EN144-3:2003 Respiratory protective devices - Gas cylinder valves - Part 3: Outlet connections for diving gases Nitrox and oxygen

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proposed calculations for nitrogen addition to prevent oxygen toxicity in divers utilizing nitrogen–oxygen rebreather diving.

12843: 10825: 10771: 10627: 10043: 8890: 6078: 4642: 2433: 1067:(USN) documented enriched oxygen gas procedures for military use of what we today call nitrox, in the US Navy Diving Manual. 866:

on opposite sides of the cylinder. The fraction of oxygen in the bottle is checked after filling and marked on the cylinder.

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U.S. Coast Guard Oxygen Specifications Title 46: Shipping, revisions through 10-1-92. 197.452 Oxygen Cleaning 46 CFR 197.451

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In 1989, the Harbor Branch Oceanographic institution workshop addressed blending, oxygen limits and decompression issues.

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At times in the geological past, the Earth's atmosphere contained much more than 20% oxygen: e.g. up to 35% in the

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blending. In 1979 NOAA published Wells' procedures for the scientific use of nitrox in the NOAA Diving Manual.

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when breathed at high pressure. For example, the maximum operating depth of nitrox with 36% oxygen, a popular

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Clark, James M; Thom, Stephen R (2003). "Oxygen under pressure". In Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (eds.).

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Cylinder showing Nitrox band and sticker marked with maximum operating depth (MOD) and oxygen fraction (%O

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planned bottom time, and this value is used to calculate the oxygen content of the best mix for the dive:

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1.6 is allowed for technical diving decompression stops, and is the recommended maximum according to NOAA

10878: 4575: 13369: 13362: 13323: 13255: 12821: 12761: 12437: 12327: 11897: 11867: 11547: 10634: 10281: 9164: 8593: 8174: 7155: 6739: 6221: 6183: 6113: 5285: 5232: 3725: 3183: 2768: 616:. The second reason is that richer mixes extend the time the diver can stay underwater without needing 1997:

In: Diving for Science 2008. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences 27th Symposium

1847: 1834: 214:). Nitrox is not a deep-diving gas mixture owing to the increased proportion of oxygen, which becomes 13155: 12364: 10311: 10227: 9853: 9695: 9680: 9645: 9169: 8931: 8866: 8069: 8043: 7936: 7875: 7535: 6948: 6531: 6521: 6320: 5807: 5672: 5117: 4799: 4747: 4703: 3623: 2595:

Butler, Glen L; Mastro, Steven J; Hulbert, Alan W; Hamilton Jr, Robert W (1992). Cahoon, L.B. (ed.).

810: 404: 9067: 1736:"Dissociation of the behavioral and subjective components of nitrogen narcosis and diver adaptation" 30:

This article is about the nitrogen–oxygen gas mixture. For the method of case hardening metals, see

13415: 13393: 12806: 12701: 11238: 11030: 10423: 9734: 9594: 9523:

ISO 24801 Recreational diving services — Requirements for the training of recreational scuba divers

9301: 9216: 9115: 8957: 8777: 8583: 8449: 7520: 7482: 7246: 6168: 6088: 5869: 5546: 5466: 4489: 3910: 3743: 961:

other two methods ensure that the equipment is never subjected to greater than 40% oxygen content.

5446: 2594: 409:

Nitrox50 is used as one of the options in the first stages of therapeutic recompression using the

13195: 13006: 12726: 12592: 12369: 11837: 11667: 11080: 11045: 10691: 9685: 9662: 9439: 9378: 9231: 9181: 8688: 8683: 8648: 8519: 8454: 8249: 8224: 8204: 8059: 7644: 7583: 7545: 7343: 7120: 7025: 6729: 6684: 6664: 6654: 6454: 6263: 5978: 5491: 5451: 5267: 4732: 4698: 4607: 4527: 4426: 4142: 3987: 3842: 3539: 3466: 3434: 3257: 3252: 1506:. Bethesda, Maryland: Naval Medical Research Institute. Archived from the original on May 3, 2013 1308: 1285: 1181:

In 1994, BSAC reversed its policy on Nitrox and announced BSAC nitrox training to start in 1995.

1038: 1007: 797: 586: 486: 231: 96: 2787: 1941:"Measurement of fatigue following 18 msw dry chamber dives breathing air or enriched air nitrox" 12799: 12769: 12597: 12478: 12158: 11797: 11481: 11456: 11060: 10893: 10293: 8981: 8799: 8698: 8638: 8184: 8033: 7865: 7860: 7798: 7311: 7306: 7287: 7216: 7135: 7040: 7020: 6918: 6810: 6371: 6354: 6342: 6315: 6048: 5914: 4825: 4612: 4085: 3810: 3643: 3486: 3439: 3394: 3374: 3092:"Atmospheric oxygen, Giant Paleozoic Insects and the Evolution of Aerial Locomotor Performance" 1438:. Durham, NC: Divers Alert Network. p. 197. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1266: 1258: 1252: 1218:

period. This let animals absorb oxygen more easily and influenced their evolutionary patterns.

551: 380: 367: 181: 142: 134: 85: 81: 9353: 1810: 1803: 157:

predicts a significant risk reduction by using nitrox (more so than the PADI tables suggest).

13245: 12927: 12922: 12681: 12669: 12516: 12230: 11597: 11552: 11336: 11010: 10676: 10505: 10369: 10167: 9154: 9139: 8834: 8824: 8757: 8752: 8608: 8603: 8588: 8550: 8469: 8464: 7803: 7786: 7654: 7649: 7568: 7173: 7080: 6835: 6649: 6337: 6332: 6258: 6153: 6043: 5973: 5834: 5829: 5441: 5314: 4847: 4622: 4446: 4297: 4272: 4222: 4055: 4043: 4031: 3876: 3491: 3481: 3449: 2908: 2725: 2660: 2620: 2485: 2401: 2349: 2270: 2219: 2178: 2085: 2011: 1971: 1766: 1689: 1595: 1125: 1100: 776: 413:

for treatment of vestibular or general decompression sickness. Nitrox is breathed at 30

100: 8169: 2874:

Diver 1995; 40(5) May: 35-36. Reprinted in South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal

1347: 206:

Diving with and handling nitrox raise a number of potentially fatal dangers due to the high

13291: 13281: 13205: 13140: 12573: 12483: 12444: 12399: 12315: 12310: 11777: 11772: 11662: 11537: 11228: 11193: 10681: 10275: 9539: 9316: 9256: 9144: 8997: 8643: 8284: 8209: 8090: 7791: 7751: 7525: 7395: 7355: 6971: 6928: 6913: 6679: 6674: 6432: 6290: 6285: 6118: 6093: 6053: 5436: 5421: 5309: 5069: 5028: 5003: 4852: 4752: 4722: 4361: 4267: 4157: 4002: 3903: 3881: 3854: 3708: 3638: 3566: 3359: 3054: 2992: 1293: 1148: 1071: 594: 527: 461:(ANDI) uses the term "SafeAir", which they define as any oxygen-enriched air mixture with O 384: 138: 8: 13135: 12814: 12511: 12354: 12349: 12163: 12123: 12077: 11982: 11767: 11476: 10908: 10776: 10595: 10173: 9873: 9818: 9804: 9707: 9206: 9149: 9128: 8976: 8762: 8668: 8663: 8023: 7824: 7492: 7438: 7321: 7130: 7015: 6853: 6825: 6718: 6641: 6416: 6364: 6253: 6103: 5889: 5859: 5779: 5667: 5662: 5486: 5461: 5217: 5064: 4958: 4953: 4451: 4237: 4112: 4095: 4090: 4048: 3958: 3422: 1471:"About Enriched Air Nitrox | Diving Frontiers | Balcatta, Perth, Western Australia, 6021" 1317: – Reversible narcotic effects of respiratory nitrogen at elevated partial pressures 1215: 582: 243: 235: 219: 10938: 9383: 9271: 9221: 3091: 3058: 902:

Every nitrox cylinder should also have a sticker stating whether or not the cylinder is

13190: 13036: 12778: 12691: 12563: 12551: 12427: 11872: 11451: 11381: 11218: 11183: 11168: 11140: 11100: 11090: 10735: 10686: 10655: 10317: 10108: 9883: 9868: 9784: 9432: 9246: 9174: 9046: 8794: 8618: 8394: 8329: 8254: 8219: 8214: 8194: 8134: 8074: 7973: 7855: 7639: 7472: 7348: 7085: 6621: 6349: 6310: 6248: 5983: 5726: 5616: 5541: 5471: 5358: 5180: 5059: 4874: 4864: 4666: 4461: 4065: 3476: 3444: 3316: 1518: 1450: 1144:

became the first existing major recreational diver training agency to sanction nitrox.

1064: 617: 563: 538: 503:

1.4 is recommended by several recreational training agencies for ordinary scuba diving.

226:

of no more than 1.4 bar (140 kPa). The exact value of the maximum allowed ppO

149: 5531: 13388: 12829: 12623: 12556: 12546: 12389: 12384: 12339: 12322: 12220: 12067: 12047: 11892: 11862: 11752: 11712: 11692: 11682: 11632: 11617: 11592: 11522: 11446: 11371: 11321: 11120: 11085: 11015: 10960: 10600: 10556: 10454: 9926: 9921: 9863: 9799: 9777: 9752: 9667: 9328: 9201: 9191: 8189: 7897: 7892: 7834: 7781: 7664: 7659: 7530: 7487: 7390: 7260: 7231: 7193: 7140: 6847: 6790: 6785: 6516: 6478: 6376: 6295: 5839: 5824: 5705: 5636: 5611: 5566: 5222: 5110: 5074: 4933: 4884: 4804: 4693: 4627: 4537: 4441: 4331: 4287: 4242: 4232: 4217: 4134: 3898: 3815: 3354: 3237: 3217: 3206: 3114: 3072: 3021: 2889: 2881: 2826: 2706: 2698: 2555:"Tauchen und Normung mit spez. Berücksichtigung der EN144-3 (Nitrox-Gewinde M26 x 2)" 2466: 2429: 2382: 2311: 2301: 2249: 2159: 2151: 2112: 2073: 1952: 1919: 1875: 1865: 1814: 1747: 1714: 1670: 1662: 1654: 1314: 1296: – Method of comparing decompression requirements for air and a given nitrox mix 1081: 859: 644: 567: 352: 166: 65: 12133: 12017: 12012: 11163: 11135: 11115: 11020: 5556: 4172: 1199:

variance from the commercial diving regulations for recreational scuba instructors.

640: 13185: 12904: 12875: 12867: 12305: 11942: 11917: 11882: 11852: 11842: 11762: 11657: 11627: 11562: 11532: 11436: 11421: 11306: 11188: 11105: 11070: 11000: 10903: 10617: 9893: 9888: 9878: 9858: 9772: 9757: 9655: 9368: 9196: 9159: 9002: 8613: 8598: 8144: 8139: 7708: 7634: 7629: 7590: 7578: 7515: 7510: 7275: 7075: 6805: 6795: 6544: 6038: 5864: 5802: 5631: 5536: 5227: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4580: 4507: 4421: 4416: 4177: 4036: 4021: 3925: 3847: 3720: 3618: 3279: 3106: 3062: 2822: 1500:

Recompression treatment tables used throughout the world by government and industry

1497:

Berghage, T.E.; Vorosmarti, J.; Barnard, E.E.P. (July 25, 1978). Miner, W.F (ed.).

1326: 1089: 1070:

In 1955, E. Lanphier described the use of nitrogen–oxygen diving mixtures, and the

965: 628: 609: 547: 207: 77: 73: 6018: 4346: 12676: 12506: 12300: 12097: 12087: 12072: 11967: 11962: 11907: 11887: 11827: 11812: 11802: 11717: 11707: 11702: 11677: 11672: 11647: 11622: 11577: 11507: 11486: 11301: 11281: 11145: 11065: 10898: 9794: 9719: 9296: 9261: 9211: 9056: 9041: 9007: 8911: 8742: 8673: 8658: 8578: 8239: 8100: 7839: 7733: 7728: 7696: 7443: 7433: 7415: 7145: 6760: 6409: 6300: 6211: 6083: 5998: 5958: 5899: 5879: 5591: 5581: 5481: 5456: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5297: 5261: 5049: 4899: 4710: 4688: 4632: 4617: 4590: 4282: 4192: 3992: 3262: 1993:"Measurement of Fatigue following 18 msw Open Water Dives Breathing Air or EAN36" 1320: 1272: 1053: 1031: 829: 621: 543: 523: 474: 443: 215: 201: 104: 9031: 8633: 5501: 357:

Enriched Air Nitrox, nitrox with an oxygen content above 21%, is mainly used in

13031: 12531: 12290: 12225: 12199: 12153: 12062: 12057: 12032: 11972: 11952: 11937: 11927: 11787: 11757: 11687: 11461: 11331: 11326: 11276: 11213: 11075: 11055: 10965: 10928: 10918: 10913: 9632: 9343: 9276: 9266: 9026: 8703: 8693: 8653: 8259: 8234: 8229: 8164: 8154: 8038: 7550: 7477: 7365: 7050: 6604: 6386: 6231: 5606: 5561: 5551: 5380: 5348: 5291: 5033: 5023: 5008: 4978: 4923: 4789: 4552: 4396: 4122: 4100: 4080: 4014: 3943: 3891: 3660: 3633: 3588: 3417: 2293: 1096: 426: 111: 11223: 5426: 918: 915:

Nitrox can be a hazard to the blender and to the user, for different reasons.

13409: 13296: 12978: 12970: 12851: 12526: 12449: 12359: 12184: 12082: 12052: 12037: 12027: 12002: 11992: 11932: 11877: 11857: 11847: 11817: 11792: 11737: 11722: 11582: 11527: 11471: 11441: 11426: 11391: 11351: 11311: 11291: 11286: 11233: 11130: 11110: 11040: 11035: 10995: 9724: 9672: 9560: 9553: 9358: 9348: 9036: 8804: 8767: 8734: 8573: 7776: 7771: 7756: 7338: 7328: 7070: 6994: 6938: 6566: 6424: 6402: 6305: 6280: 6275: 6243: 5626: 5576: 5516: 5511: 5476: 5416: 5411: 5279: 5253: 5195: 5100: 4988: 4522: 4147: 4009: 3938: 3920: 3915: 3886: 3693: 3628: 3613: 3516: 3496: 3349: 3331: 2885: 2702: 2642:"Guide for Oxygen Compatibility Assessments on Oxygen Components and Systems" 2155: 1658: 1228: 1168: 940:

Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1910.430 (i) – Commercial Diving Operations

879: 602: 53: 4968: 4386: 4227: 2893: 2710: 2315: 2163: 1879: 1846:

Duong, T. et al. (2021) Guide to nitrox diving, Scuba Diving. Available at:

1833:

Duong, T. et al. (2021) Guide to nitrox diving, Scuba Diving. Available at:

1237: – Gas mixture occasionally used by scuba divers for dry-suit inflation 1027: 775:

is decanted into the cylinder and cylinder is "topped up" with air from the

13096: 13058: 12585: 12541: 12246: 12215: 12194: 12168: 12148: 12143: 12138: 12128: 12102: 12022: 11977: 11922: 11902: 11782: 11747: 11732: 11572: 11431: 11406: 11396: 11376: 11356: 11253: 11173: 11095: 11005: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10590: 9944: 9789: 9767: 9729: 9251: 8839: 8814: 8628: 8526: 8502: 8399: 8159: 7983: 7766: 7467: 7455: 7385: 7375: 7360: 7294: 7241: 7183: 7035: 6815: 6270: 6003: 5909: 5854: 5812: 5797: 5700: 5601: 5506: 5431: 5303: 5212: 5200: 5013: 4794: 4772: 4649: 4602: 4532: 4456: 4431: 4182: 3765: 3703: 3683: 3511: 3242: 3141:

Oxygen has the potential to be 1.7 times more narcotic than nitrogen – see

3110: 3076: 2597:"Oxygen safety in the production of enriched air nitrox breathing mixtures" 2470: 2077: 2036: 1956: 1666: 1279: 1045: 1020: 949:

U.S. Navy Oxygen Specifications U.S. MIL-STD-777E (SH) Note K-6-4, Cat. K.6

762: 636: 470: 358: 342:

Enriched Air Nitrox diving tables, showing adjusted no-decompression times.

69: 12736: 4963: 3118: 3067: 3042: 2200:"Use of two primary breathing mixtures for enriched air diving operations" 2033:"Ergogenic Aids: can increasing oxygen levels improve sports performance?" 1751: 1643:"Roles of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide in compressed-air narcosis" 13130: 13091: 13013: 12859: 12731: 12659: 12568: 12536: 12521: 11997: 11957: 11832: 11742: 11727: 11652: 11517: 11512: 11466: 11401: 11386: 11361: 11346: 11243: 11178: 11125: 11025: 10933: 10888: 10751: 10574: 9909: 9388: 9373: 9338: 9311: 9291: 9286: 9281: 9186: 8926: 8510: 7968: 7913: 7502: 7405: 7400: 7299: 7282: 7236: 7226: 7150: 7095: 6966: 6908: 6800: 6780: 6770: 6765: 6594: 6556: 6462: 6446: 6226: 6098: 5849: 5684: 5679: 5521: 5343: 5338: 5248: 5054: 4998: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4517: 4406: 4107: 3953: 3930: 3871: 3820: 3753: 3748: 3688: 3650: 3561: 3531: 3506: 3501: 3454: 3339: 3311: 3222: 2747:"Why does Luxfer require cleaning for oxygen concentrations above 23.5%?" 2505: 2386: 1674: 1136:(ANDI) – which invented the term "Safe Air" for marketing purposes – and 928:

oxygen-clean standards if the oxygen fraction is limited to 40% or less.

833:

and to add a temporary label to specify the analysis of the current mix.

787: 598: 559: 80:, thereby extending the practicable underwater dive time by reducing the 4948: 2300:(2nd ed.). Victoria, Australia: J.L. Publications. pp. 403–4. 1616: 1371: 31: 13180: 13175: 13145: 13078: 12891: 12883: 12580: 12107: 11822: 11587: 11411: 11341: 11296: 11271: 11050: 10660: 9949: 9914: 9762: 9546: 9306: 9017: 8895: 8844: 8726: 8678: 8623: 7918: 7761: 7211: 7188: 6775: 6008: 5819: 5652: 5621: 5586: 5571: 5207: 5185: 5157: 5105: 4943: 4840: 4835: 4595: 4512: 4371: 4356: 3997: 3963: 3837: 3832: 3698: 3583: 3389: 3344: 3247: 3232: 590: 1255: – Breathing gas mixture experimentally used for very deep diving 1077:

In the 1960s, A. Galerne used on-line blending for commercial diving.

420: 12785: 12718: 12711: 12042: 11947: 11542: 11366: 11316: 11248: 10923: 9363: 8948: 8721: 8545: 8149: 8018: 7829: 7808: 7425: 7316: 6609: 6439: 5353: 4993: 4820: 4661: 4585: 4557: 4351: 4321: 4277: 4117: 4075: 3948: 3827: 3780: 3665: 3655: 3573: 3369: 2648:. NASA/TM-2007-213740. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1653:(4). Bethesda, Md: Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 391–400. 1246: 815: 3175: 2928: 2813:

Lambertsen, C.J. (1941). "A diving apparatus for life saving work".

2687:"The PADI Enriched Air Diver course and DSAT oxygen exposure limits" 858:

A nitrox cylinder is specially cleaned and identified. According to

13221:

Underwater Archaeology Branch, Naval History & Heritage Command

11609: 10883: 9512: 7963: 7958: 7880: 7333: 7221: 7105: 7090: 6599: 6394: 5657: 5363: 5018: 4782: 4742: 4542: 4262: 3787: 3758: 3608: 3556: 3549: 3544: 1848:

https://www.scubadiving.com/nitrox-scuba-diving-guide-certification

1835:

https://www.scubadiving.com/nitrox-scuba-diving-guide-certification

1323: – Toxic effects of breathing oxygen at high partial pressures 1299: 801: 620:

far further than the duration permitted by the capacity of typical

250: 57: 1275: – Container to supply high pressure breathing gas for divers 1269: – Detection and measurement of components of a breathing gas 1113:

magazine took a stand against nitrox use for recreational diving.

13200: 13021: 12836: 8747: 7540: 6631: 6549: 6193: 6028: 6013: 5988: 5904: 5844: 5373: 5368: 5190: 5079: 4983: 4341: 3792: 3775: 3770: 3578: 3521: 3321: 3017:

Nitrox diver manual - Kursbuch zum Nitroxtauchen für Sporttaucher

1049: 1030:

of Germany tested an injector operated rebreather backpack for a

1023:

made what was possibly the first Nitrox dive using a rebreather.

627:

Use of nitrox mixtures containing 50% to 80% oxygen is common in

269: 8415:

Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage

5711:

Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's underwater swimming

597:

to determine their decompression requirements or may use nitrox

338: 64:

that contains less than 78% nitrogen. In the usual application,

12748: 12743: 6689: 6571: 6033: 5993: 4928: 4894: 4466: 4436: 3384: 3364: 2451:"Compressed breathing air – the potential for evil from within" 2337:. NEDU-RR-01-61. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2291: 1938: 1288: – Technology for splitting specific gases out of mixtures 1261: – Breathing gas consisting of oxygen, helium and nitrogen 1240: 890: 772: 574: 363: 189: 185: 76:

of nitrogen is advantageous in reducing nitrogen uptake in the

61: 8341:

Southern African Underwater and Hyperbaric Medical Association

3015: 2560:(in German). Swiss Cave Diving. pp. 33–36. Archived from 2428:(in German) (2nd ed.). Bielefeld: Delius Klasing Verlag. 2106: 1918:(5th Rev ed.). United States: Saunders Ltd. p. 800. 1713:(5th Rev ed.). United States: Saunders Ltd. p. 304. 12957: 12936: 9568:

The Silent World: A Story of Undersea Discovery and Adventure

7723: 7178: 5122: 4391: 4376: 4366: 4326: 4292: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4187: 1249: – Breathing gas mixture of hydrogen, helium, and oxygen 1234: 1129: 555: 2335:

United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit Technical Report

2056: 1809:(Fourth ed.). United States: Best Publishing. pp. 1640: 41: 4938: 4167: 4162: 919:

Fire and toxic cylinder contamination from oxygen reactions

862:

144-3 the cylinder colour is overall white with the letter

613: 506:

1.5 is allowed for commercial diving in some jurisdictions.

36:

Ferritic nitrocarburizing § Post-oxidation black oxide

8315:

National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology

7116:

Failure of diving equipment other than breathing apparatus

3043:"A new model for atmospheric oxygen over Phanerozoic time" 2639: 2362: 1939:

Harris RJ, Doolette DJ, Wilkinson DC, Williams DJ (2003).

114:

to patients with compromised respiration and circulation.

12952: 12947: 2285: 1496: 823: 414: 12913:

International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office

10394:

International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers

10216:

International Association of Nitrox and Technical Divers

5969:

Comando Raggruppamento Subacquei e Incursori Teseo Tesei

3034: 2684: 1583:(2): 87–93. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014 1282: – Producing special gas mixtures to specification 12918:

Submarine Escape and Rescue system (Royal Swedish Navy)

9461:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

7111:

Use of breathing equipment in an underwater environment

1991:

Chapman SD, Plato PA. Brueggeman P, Pollock NW (eds.).

1916:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

1862:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

1733: 1711:

Bennett and Elliott's physiology and medicine of diving

192:

to reduce the amount of narcotic gases in the mixture.

117: 10787:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

10192:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

8776: 6872:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

5752:

Fédération Française d'Études et de Sports Sous-Marins

3291:

Cleaning and disinfection of personal diving equipment

3171:

NASA – Safety Standards for Oxygen and Oxygen Handling

1951:(4). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 285–91. 1864:(5th ed.). United States: Saunders. p. 375. 1074:

method for calculating decompression from air tables.

1035:

of the loop. The DM40 was rated for depths up to 40m.

966:

rises in direct proportion to its absolute temperature

249:

To dive safely with nitrox, the diver must learn good

222:

mix, is 29 metres (95 ft) to ensure a maximum ppO

2369:

Berghage, Thomas E.; McCraken, T.M. (December 1979).

1805:

NOAA Diving Manual: Diving for Science and Technology

1086:

National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

839: 665: 9984:

International Diving Regulators and Certifiers Forum

1746:(1). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society: 41–9. 1708: 1304:

Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback

1243: – A breathing gas mixed from helium and oxygen 997:

of oxygen toxicity or decompression sickness. Under

585:

nitrox mixes contain 32% and 36% oxygen, which have

10821:

14th CMAS Underwater Photography World Championship

8325:

Royal Australian Navy School of Underwater Medicine

2845:. United States: US Naval Sea Systems Command. 2006 2111:(in German) (3nd ed.). München: Alpha Verlag. 1913: 771:Mixing by partial pressure: a measured pressure of 421:

Medicine, mountaineering and unpressurised aircraft

272:VENTID-C or sometimes ConVENTID, (which stands for 12398: 10741:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10376:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10180:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 10115:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 6860:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 5940: 5747:Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques 2633: 2331:"An evaluation of the equivalent air depth theory" 1802: 1492: 1490: 1372:"Nitrox Definition & Meaning | YourDictionary" 745: 10534:United States Marine Corps Combatant Diver Course 8445:History of decompression research and development 2691:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal 2144:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal 2050: 1932: 1734:Hamilton K, Laliberté MF, Fowler B (March 1995). 1206:included a chapter intended for Nitrox training. 13407: 12268: 10467:National Speleological Society#Cave Diving Group 10210:International Association for Handicapped Divers 8432: 8405:List of legislation regulating underwater diving 6878:International Association for Handicapped Divers 6620: 4863: 2896:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2779: 2744: 2713:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2640:Rosales KR, Shoffstall MS, Stoltzfus JM (2007). 2389:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2368: 2166:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 2080:. Archived from the original on October 2, 2018. 1959:. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008 1329: – Pressure of a component gas in a mixture 1060:Lambertson published a paper on nitrox in 1947. 500:1.2 is often used in closed circuit rebreathers. 45:One type of nitrox cylinder identification label 10782:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 10186:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 10007:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9508:Code of Practice for Scientific Diving (UNESCO) 7620:Association of Diving Contractors International 6866:Federación Española de Actividades Subacuáticas 2950: 2948: 2579: 2248:(fourth ed.). Warner, NH: Airspeed Press. 1886: 1853: 1487: 957:trapped in an oxygen-rich burning environment. 13069:Submarine Escape Training Facility (Australia) 10473:National Association of Underwater Instructors 10418:Rebreather Association of International Divers 10412:Professional Technical and Recreational Diving 10400:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 10270:Rebreather Association of International Divers 10264:Professional Technical and Recreational Diving 10252:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 10240:National Association of Underwater Instructors 10162:Association nationale des moniteurs de plongée 7719:List of signs and symptoms of diving disorders 3040: 2933:National Association of Underwater Instructors 2806: 2552: 2506:"Nitrox: How the nitrox membrane system works" 2473:. Archived from the original on April 17, 2009 1186:Professional Association of Diving Instructors 268:Divers trained to use nitrox may memorise the 188:gases are typically used; these gases contain 13251:Neutral buoyancy simulation as a training aid 13002:Russian deep submergence rescue vehicle AS-28 10050:Commercial diver registration in South Africa 9621: 6385: 6059:Namibian Marine Corps Operational Diving Unit 5878: 3191: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2448: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2235: 2035:. Sports Performance Bulletin. Archived from 2024: 1677:. Archived from the original on July 31, 2009 1641:Hesser, CM; Fagraeus, L; Adolfson, J (1978). 1573:"A The state of oxygen-enriched air (nitrox)" 1302: – gas mixture with less than 21% oxygen 736:Maximum acceptable partial pressure of oxygen 469:The constituent gas percentages are what the 373: 238:sometimes being allowed to breathe higher ppO 27:Breathing gas, mixture of nitrogen and oxygen 13151:Finger Lakes Underwater Preserve Association 13027:Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System 9996:International Marine Contractors Association 7625:International Marine Contractors Association 6499:International Marine Contractors Association 4488: 2945: 2738: 2608:. Archived from the original on May 15, 2011 2207:. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013 2131: 1999:. Archived from the original on May 11, 2010 1754:. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011 1727: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1554: 394: 13126:Artificial Reef Society of British Columbia 12619:Environmental impact of recreational diving 10831:Underwater Orienteering World Championships 10406:Professional Diving Instructors Corporation 10258:Professional Diving Instructors Corporation 10150:American Canadian Underwater Certifications 9447:Basic Cave Diving: A Blueprint for Survival 8353:United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit 8320:Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory 8309:European Underwater and Baromedical Society 7204: 6924:Environmental impact of recreational diving 2588: 1608: 1552: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1534: 882:for high pressure and oxidising materials. 304: 13342: 13211:Society for Underwater Historical Research 10792:South African Underwater Sports Federation 7574:Testing and inspection of diving cylinders 7430:Hazard identification and risk assessment 3198: 3184: 3013: 2961: 2812: 2646:NASA Johnson Space Center Technical Report 2523: 2232: 2197: 2191: 2104: 1617:"How SAUL relates to the PADI dive tables" 1431: 964:In a fire, the pressure in a gas cylinder 477:, before the cylinder is used underwater. 425:The use of oxygen at high altitudes or as 13077: 12375:Physiological response to water immersion 10439: 10023:World Recreational Scuba Training Council 10002:List of diver certification organizations 9585:List of Divers Alert Network publications 9518:IMCA Code of Practice for Offshore Diving 8335:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society 6189:Underwater Offence (Turkish Armed Forces) 6164:US Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions 3066: 2863: 2861: 2859: 2463:South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society 2419: 2417: 2322: 2030: 1859: 1702: 1634: 1167:manufactured the first nitrox-compatible 767:There are several methods of production: 261:Some training agencies, such as PADI and 128: 12281:List of researchers in underwater diving 9990:International Diving Schools Association 9475:The new science of skin and scuba diving 8460:List of researchers in underwater diving 7006:Human factors in diving equipment design 3296:Human factors in diving equipment design 2867: 2685:Richardson, D & Shreeves, K (1996). 1990: 1984: 1531: 889: 593:(140 kPa). Divers may calculate an 542: 337: 40: 12380:Thermal balance of the underwater diver 10511:Navy Diving Salvage and Training Center 10388:Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee 10338:American Academy of Underwater Sciences 10198:Federazione Italiana Attività Subacquee 9242:1973 Mount Gambier cave diving accident 8917:International Scuba Diving Hall of Fame 8820:R-2 Mala-class swimmer delivery vehicle 8485:US Navy decompression models and tables 8347:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society 6717: 5778: 4153:Clearance Divers Life Support Equipment 3020:(in German). Alpha-Verlag. p. 52. 2680: 2678: 2676: 2606:American Academy of Underwater Sciences 2371:"Equivalent air depth: fact or fiction" 2262: 2137: 1907: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1786: 1784: 1782: 1614: 1231: – Gas used for human respiration 946:NOAA Oxygen Specifications (appendix D) 943:OSHA Oxygen Specifications 1910.420 (1) 383:, and for shorter dives, to reduce the 14: 13408: 13266:Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center 12997:-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle 12966:-class deep-submergence rescue vehicle 8390:Civil liability in recreational diving 7061:List of diving hazards and precautions 6139:Special Operations Battalion (Croatia) 5128:Underwater acoustic positioning system 4638:High pressure breathing air compressor 3089: 3083: 2921: 2856: 2769:"Incident Insights - Trust But Verify" 2498: 2423: 2414: 1800: 1709:Brubakk, Alf O; Neuman, Tom S (2003). 1427: 1425: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1411: 824:Cylinder markings to identify contents 573:containing EAN50 (left side) and pure 12648: 12267: 10857: 10856: 10826:Underwater Hockey World Championships 10772:British Underwater Sports Association 10555: 10554: 10044:Australian Diver Accreditation Scheme 9745: 9620: 9413: 8891:1992 cageless shark-diving expedition 8431: 8378: 7694: 6992: 6716: 6079:Operational Diving Division (SA Navy) 5777: 5155: 4643:Low pressure breathing air compressor 4487: 3277: 3205: 3179: 3041:Berner, R.A.; Canfield, D.E. (1989). 2537: 2328: 2268: 1914:Brubakk, A. O.; T. S. Neuman (2003). 1409: 1407: 1405: 1403: 1401: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1393: 1391: 496:varies depending on the application: 124:Human physiology of underwater diving 95:Nitrox is used to a lesser extent in 84:requirement, or reducing the risk of 13330: 13102:Submarine Escape Immersion Equipment 12433:Thermodynamic model of decompression 10836:Underwater Rugby World Championships 10449:Cave Divers Association of Australia 10364:American Nitrox Divers International 10222:International Life Saving Federation 10156:American Nitrox Divers International 10121:Performance Freediving International 8303:European Diving Technology Committee 6944:Sinking ships for wreck diving sites 6842:Cave Divers Association of Australia 6562:Remotely operated underwater vehicle 6159:US Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance 5757:Performance Freediving International 4974:Long-Term Mine Reconnaissance System 4890:Scott Carpenter Space Analog Station 3278: 2956:John Lamb - ‘Mr Oxygen’ - dies at 78 2673: 2449:Millar, I.L.; Mouldey, P.G. (2008). 2442: 2098: 1779: 1570: 1134:American Nitrox Divers International 1084:, who was the first director of the 971: 739:Maximum ambient pressure of the dive 532: 459:American Nitrox Divers International 346: 177: 160: 118:Physiological effects under pressure 56:composed (excepting trace gases) of 13287:Helicopter Aircrew Breathing Device 12502:List of diving environments by type 10797:Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu 10306:Türkiye Sualtı Sporları Federasyonu 10234:National Academy of Scuba Educators 10066:Department of Employment and Labour 9468:Encyclopedia of Recreational Diving 8922:London Diving Chamber Dive Lectures 8096:Effects of drugs on fitness to dive 7695: 7596:Breathing performance of regulators 2977: 2842:US Navy Diving Manual, 6th revision 2833: 2761: 1615:Goldman, Saul (23 September 2013). 24: 13064:Submarine escape training facility 12665:Defense against swimmer incursions 10018:Recreational diver course referral 6934:Scuba diving in the Cayman Islands 6745:Outline of recreational dive sites 6149:Special Warfare Diving and Salvage 5321:Variable weight apnea without fins 3143:relevant narcotic potency of gases 2785: 1388: 1348:"Nitrox definition - GoodDive.com" 840:Regional standards and conventions 195: 25: 13427: 13216:Society for Underwater Technology 8410:Investigation of diving accidents 6993: 6884:Quintana Roo Speleological Survey 6124:Special Boat Squadron (Sri Lanka) 5964:Combat Divers Service (Lithuania) 5133:Underwater acoustic communication 3865:Underwater acoustic communication 3428:Variable buoyancy pressure vessel 3164: 844: 328:critical flicker fusion frequency 13387: 13375: 13341: 13329: 13318: 13317: 13087:Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus 12413:Bühlmann decompression algorithm 10757:Australian Underwater Federation 10246:Nederlandse Onderwatersport Bond 9414: 8830:Shallow Water Combat Submersible 7994:Swimming-induced pulmonary edema 7871:Inner ear decompression sickness 7451:Hyperbaric evacuation and rescue 6735:Index of recreational dive sites 6074:Naval Special Operations Command 5737:Australian Underwater Federation 2827:10.1001/jama.1941.62820130001015 2553:Beat A. Müller (15 April 2008). 1945:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 1894:"How does nitrox make you feel?" 1740:Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 1048:or soon after, British commando 885: 313: 13376: 13171:Naval Air Command Sub Aqua Club 12847:-class deep submergence vehicle 10516:Underwater Escape Training Unit 8297:Diving Medical Advisory Council 8291:Diving Diseases Research Centre 6129:Special Forces Command (Turkey) 3158:would later go into bankruptcy. 3148: 3135: 3099:Journal of Experimental Biology 3007: 2792:Chronology of Diving in Holland 2546: 1840: 1827: 1435:DAN Nitrox Workshop Proceedings 980:Many training agencies such as 869: 10762:British Freediving Association 10479:Technical Diving International 10055:Divers Institute of Technology 9978:European Underwater Federation 9814:Surface-supplied diving skills 8029:Hyperbaric treatment schedules 7989:Salt water aspiration syndrome 7888:High-pressure nervous syndrome 7163:Diver behaviour and competence 7011:Human factors in diving safety 6527:Baited remote underwater video 6360:Underwater search and recovery 6328:Underwater cutting and welding 6134:Special Forces Group (Belgium) 5742:British Freediving Association 5497:Andriy Yevhenovych Khvetkevych 5156: 4716:Electro-galvanic oxygen sensor 4382:Diving Unlimited International 4027:Mechanism of diving regulators 3716:Electro-galvanic oxygen sensor 2455:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 2066:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 1577:Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine 1463: 1364: 1340: 1138:Technical Diving International 433: 401:Hyperbaric treatment schedules 263:Technical Diving International 13: 1: 12603:Underwater diving environment 12423:Reduced gradient bubble model 12418:Haldane's decompression model 10802:Underwater Society of America 10382:Diving Science and Technology 10288:Scuba Educators International 9482:Professional Diver's Handbook 8790:Advanced SEAL Delivery System 8480:Pearling in Western Australia 8475:Timeline of diving technology 8280:Aerospace Medical Association 8180:Guybon Chesney Castell Damant 8106:Psychological fitness to dive 7979:Instinctive drowning response 7381:Gas blending for scuba diving 6890:Woodville Karst Plain Project 6179:Underwater Demolition Command 6174:Underwater Construction Teams 6064:Naval Diving Unit (Singapore) 6024:Kommando Spezialkräfte Marine 5954:Clearance Diving Branch (RAN) 5920:United States military divers 4880:Continental Shelf Station Two 4655:Gas blending for scuba diving 2870:"BSAC gives the OK to nitrox" 1850:(Accessed: December 3, 2022). 1837:(Accessed: December 3, 2022). 1333: 1152:certified in September 1993. 756: 411:Comex therapeutic table CX 30 301:ascend to a shallower depth. 13166:Nautical Archaeology Society 13161:Nautical Archaeology Program 12989:NATO Submarine Rescue System 12270:Science of underwater diving 12008:Heidemarie Stefanyshyn-Piper 11913:Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger 10767:British Octopush Association 10084:Divers Academy International 10013:Nautical Archaeology Society 9691:Public safety diver training 9677:Occupational diver training 8569:Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont 8434:History of underwater diving 7670:Standard operating procedure 7461:Hierarchy of hazard controls 6494:Helix Energy Solutions Group 6144:Special Service Group (Navy) 6109:Special Air Service Regiment 6069:Naval Service Diving Section 5895:Canadian Armed Forces Divers 5274:Constant weight without fins 3860:Through-water communications 3129: 3014:Hirschmann, Gerhard (2002). 2375:Undersea Biomedical Research 2105:Hirschmann, Gerhard (1996). 1647:Undersea Biomedical Research 1209: 517: 7: 13241:Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory 12687:Underwater domain awareness 12455:Physiology of decompression 11643:Michael Barratt (astronaut) 10461:Global Underwater Explorers 10300:Scuba Schools International 10204:Global Underwater Explorers 10127:Scuba Schools International 10060:Health and Safety Executive 9703:Recreational diver training 8810:Motorised Submersible Canoe 8200:Robert William Hamilton Jr. 8065:Diving Medical Practitioner 8014:Demand valve oxygen therapy 7031:Underwater diving emergency 6637:Mk 1 Underwater Defense Gun 6237:Recreational diver training 5732:Scuba Schools International 4831:Combat rubber raiding craft 4337:Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique 3228:Atmospheric pressure diving 3047:American Journal of Science 1221: 1109:In 1991, Bove, Bennett and 650: 155:Goldman decompression model 10: 13432: 13256:Neutral Buoyancy Simulator 12438:Varying Permeability Model 12328:Underwater computer vision 10635:Underwater target shooting 10282:Scuba Diving International 9642:Competence and assessment 9165:Peter Henry Michael Holmes 7156:Uncontrolled decompression 6740:List of wreck diving sites 6222:Commercial offshore diving 6184:Underwater Demolition Team 6114:Special Actions Detachment 5286:Dynamic apnea without fins 5233:Underwater target shooting 4778:Launch and recovery system 4548:Launch and recovery system 3726:Submersible pressure gauge 2989:www.americandivecenter.com 2788:"1889. Draegerwerk Lübeck" 1475:www.divingfrontiers.com.au 1014: 910: 853: 760: 550:preparing for a mixed-gas 536: 521: 484: 398: 374:Training and certification 350: 242:than those recommended to 199: 164: 132: 121: 29: 13313: 13274: 13229: 13156:Karst Underwater Research 13114: 13049: 12903: 12700: 12655: 12649: 12644: 12611: 12494: 12467: 12365:Equivalent narcotic depth 12338: 12289: 12276: 12263: 12239: 12208: 12177: 12116: 11608: 11495: 11262: 11202: 11154: 10947: 10869: 10865: 10852: 10813: 10721: 10705: 10669: 10643: 10583: 10567: 10563: 10550: 10524: 10496: 10352: 10344:CMAS Scientific Committee 10326: 10312:United Diving Instructors 10228:Israeli Diving Federation 10136: 10097: 10074: 10032: 9962: 9937: 9902: 9854:Advanced Open Water Diver 9846: 9831: 9696:Scientific diver training 9681:Commercial diver training 9646:Competency-based learning 9631: 9627: 9622:Training and registration 9616: 9593: 9577: 9531: 9498: 9424: 9420: 9409: 9230: 9170:Johnson Sea Link accident 9127: 9055: 9016: 8990: 8969: 8947: 8940: 8932:Women Divers Hall of Fame 8904: 8883: 8867:Raid on Alexandria (1941) 8857: 8712: 8559: 8536: 8493: 8440: 8427: 8385: 8374: 8268: 8121: 8114: 8083: 8070:Diving Medical Technician 8052: 8044:Therapeutic recompression 8006: 7949: 7937:Carbon monoxide poisoning 7927: 7906: 7876:Isobaric counterdiffusion 7848: 7817: 7742: 7707: 7703: 7690: 7606: 7559: 7536:Diving systems technician 7501: 7414: 7259: 7049: 7001: 6988: 6957: 6949:Underwater diving on Guam 6899: 6824: 6753: 6725: 6712: 6585: 6532:In-water surface cleaning 6507: 6477: 6321:Archaeology of shipwrecks 6210: 5808:Commercial offshore diver 5790: 5786: 5773: 5719: 5693: 5645: 5389: 5331: 5241: 5168: 5164: 5151: 5093: 5042: 4912: 4813: 4800:Recreational Dive Planner 4748:Built-in breathing system 4731: 4704:Pressure swing adsorption 4566: 4500: 4496: 4483: 4310: 4251: 4133: 4064: 3974: 3801: 3734: 3676: 3624:Lightweight demand helmet 3599: 3530: 3465: 3403: 3330: 3304: 3286: 3273: 3213: 2913:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2730:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2665:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2625:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2490:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2406:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2354:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2246:Oxygen Hacker's Companion 2224:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2183:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2090:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2016:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1976:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1771:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1694:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1600:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1523:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 1455:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 811:Pressure swing adsorption 405:Therapeutic recompression 395:Therapeutic recompression 13261:Space Systems Laboratory 11031:Fernando Garfella Palmer 10879:Eduard Admetlla i Lázaro 10430:Technical Extended Range 10424:Trimix Scuba Association 9735:Stress exposure training 9302:Fernando Garfella Palmer 8584:Giovanni Alfonso Borelli 8450:History of Diving Museum 7521:Diver medical technician 7271:Ascending and descending 7247:Non-freezing cold injury 6089:Russian commando frogmen 5870:Underwater archaeologist 4490:Diving support equipment 3911:Emergency locator beacon 3744:Diver propulsion vehicle 1202:The 2001 edition of the 977:may not be practicable. 798:Mixing by gas separation 639:technical diving, where 587:maximum operating depths 305:Carbon dioxide retention 13196:Save Ontario Shipwrecks 13007:Russian submarine AS-34 12727:American submarine NR-1 12593:Recreational dive sites 12370:Maximum operating depth 12117:Writers and journalists 11638:Serena Auñón-Chancellor 11081:Lyuba Ognenova-Marinova 11046:Swietenia Puspa Lestari 10692:Underwater orienteering 9686:Military diver training 9663:Diver training standard 9440:U.S. Navy Diving Manual 9359:Chris and Chrissy Rouse 9182:Gerard Anthony Prangley 8684:Willard Franklyn Searle 8649:Christian J. Lambertsen 8455:History of scuba diving 8379: 8250:Charles Wesley Shilling 8225:Christian J. Lambertsen 8205:Henry Valence Hempleman 8060:Diving Medical Examiner 7645:Emergency response plan 7584:Sustained load cracking 7546:Life support technician 7121:Single point of failure 7026:Scuba diving fatalities 6730:Recreational dive sites 6685:ASM-DT amphibious rifle 6665:AAI underwater revolver 6655:SPP-1 underwater pistol 6264:Underwater construction 5979:Frogman Corps (Denmark) 5492:Elisabeth Kristoffersen 5268:Constant weight bi-fins 4699:Membrane gas separation 4608:Carbon dioxide scrubber 4528:Diving platform (scuba) 4143:Carbon dioxide scrubber 3988:Atmospheric diving suit 3540:Atmospheric diving suit 3435:Diving weighting system 3258:Surface-supplied diving 3253:Surface oriented diving 3090:Dudley, Robert (1998). 2424:Becker, Lothar (2007). 1309:Maximum operating depth 1286:Membrane gas separation 1039:Christian J. Lambertsen 1008:maximum operating depth 487:Maximum operating depth 333: 232:maximum operating depth 97:surface-supplied diving 12598:Underwater environment 12479:Underwater exploration 12409:Decompression models: 11482:John Ernest Williamson 11061:Anna Marguerite McCann 10894:Amelia Behrens-Furniss 10713:Underwater photography 10697:Underwater photography 10584:Snorkeling/breath-hold 10294:Scottish Sub Aqua Club 10089:Norwegian diver school 9713:ISO training standards 8982:Tham Luang cave rescue 8800:Dry Combat Submersible 8699:Pierre-Marie Touboulic 8639:Karl Heinrich Klingert 8185:Kenneth William Donald 8034:In-water recompression 7866:Dysbaric osteonecrosis 7861:Decompression sickness 7799:Compression arthralgia 7312:Decompression practice 7288:Canoe and kayak diving 7217:Decompression sickness 7041:Water surface searches 7021:Safety-critical system 6919:Diving in the Maldives 6811:Underwater photography 6650:Heckler & Koch P11 6372:Underwater videography 6355:Underwater photography 6343:Nondestructive testing 6316:Underwater archaeology 6049:Marine Raider Regiment 5915:Royal Navy ships diver 5673:Shallow-water blackout 4826:Canoe and kayak diving 4613:Cascade filling system 4086:Decompression cylinder 3811:Alternative air source 3644:Standard diving helmet 3487:Decompression cylinder 3111:10.1242/jeb.201.8.1043 2991:. 2002. Archived from 2745:Luxfer gas cylinders. 2296:(October 2005). "28". 2244:Harlow, Vance (2002). 1571:Lang, Michael (2006). 1376:www.yourdictionary.com 1267:Breathing gas analysis 899: 747: 578: 480: 381:no-decompression limit 343: 143:Decompression practice 135:Decompression (diving) 129:Decompression benefits 86:decompression sickness 46: 13246:Neutral buoyancy pool 12928:Submarine rescue ship 12923:McCann Rescue Chamber 12682:Rugged compact camera 12670:Diver detection sonar 12517:Confined water diving 12231:James Joseph Magennis 11868:Michael López-Alegría 11598:Aristotelis Zervoudis 11337:John Christopher Fine 11011:John Christopher Fine 10677:Immersion finswimming 10506:Defence Diving School 10370:British Sub-Aqua Club 10168:British Sub-Aqua Club 9155:Francis P. Hammerberg 8835:Siluro San Bartolomeo 8825:SEAL Delivery Vehicle 8758:Standard diving dress 8604:Charles Anthony Deane 8589:Joseph-Martin Cabirol 8551:Jason deCaires Taylor 8470:Man in the Sea Museum 8465:Lyons Maritime Museum 7804:Decompression illness 7787:Middle ear barotrauma 7655:Diving superintendent 7650:Diving safety officer 7569:Breathing gas quality 7174:Overconfidence effect 6836:British Sub-Aqua Club 6661:Underwater revolvers 6338:Underwater inspection 6333:Underwater demolition 6259:Offshore construction 6154:Tactical Divers Group 6044:Marinejegerkommandoen 5974:Decima Flottiglia MAS 5930:U.S.Navy master diver 5835:Diving superintendent 5830:Diving safety officer 5442:Mandy-Rae Cruickshank 5315:Variable weight apnea 4848:Diving support vessel 4623:Diving air compressor 4298:Standard diving dress 4273:Diving air compressor 4056:Full-face diving mask 4044:Single-hose regulator 4032:Regulator malfunction 3935:Navigation equipment 3877:Diving safety harness 3492:Decompression trapeze 3482:Decompression chamber 3068:10.2475/ajs.289.4.333 2974:Manual, at pages 9-11 2794:. www.divinghelmet.nl 1801:Joiner, J.T. (2001). 1101:diving safety officer 893: 777:diving air compressor 748: 546: 399:Further information: 341: 280:ars (ringing sound), 101:decompression illness 44: 13292:Scuba diving therapy 13282:Nautilus Productions 13206:Sea Research Society 13141:Divers Alert Network 12574:Torricellian chamber 12484:Deep-sea exploration 12445:Equivalent air depth 12316:Modulated ultrasound 12311:Underwater acoustics 11778:Christopher E. Gerty 11773:Michael L. Gernhardt 11663:Timothy J. Broderick 11538:William Hogarth Main 11229:Jean-Michel Cousteau 11194:Krzysztof Starnawski 10276:Sub-Aqua Association 9540:The Darkness Beckons 9071:diving bell accident 8998:John Day (carpenter) 8520:Queen Anne's Revenge 8285:Divers Alert Network 8210:Leonard Erskine Hill 8091:Atrial septal defect 7792:Pulmonary barotrauma 7752:Alternobaric vertigo 7396:Scuba gas management 7356:Diver communications 6972:Underwater Bike Race 6929:Scuba diving tourism 6914:Diving in East Timor 6680:APS underwater rifle 6675:ADS amphibious rifle 6291:Public safety diving 6286:Potable water diving 6119:Special Boat Service 6094:Sappers Divers Group 6054:Minedykkerkommandoen 5452:Leonardo D'Imporzano 5310:Skandalopetra diving 5070:Hyperbaric stretcher 5029:T1200 Trenching Unit 5004:Sea Dragon-class ROV 4853:HMS Challenger (K07) 4753:Decompression tables 4723:Oxygen compatibility 4158:Cryogenic rebreather 4003:Scuba cylinder valve 3904:Screw gate carabiner 3882:Emergency gas supply 3843:Diver's cutting tool 3709:Helium release valve 3639:Shallow water helmet 3567:Standard diving suit 3413:Buoyancy compensator 3360:Emergency gas supply 2773:Divers Alert Network 2329:Logan, J.A. (1961). 1621:Modern decompression 1294:Equivalent air depth 1149:Sub-Aqua Association 1072:equivalent air depth 663: 601:or a nitrox-capable 595:equivalent air depth 581:The two most common 528:Oxygen compatibility 385:decompression stress 276:ision (blurriness), 139:Decompression theory 72:, where the reduced 13136:Coral Reef Alliance 12512:Benign water diving 12355:Cold shock response 12124:Michael C. Barnette 12078:Douglas H. Wheelock 11983:David Saint-Jacques 11768:Ronald J. Garan Jr. 11477:Michele Westmorland 10777:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 10596:Underwater football 10174:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 9874:Introductory diving 9819:Underwater searches 9805:Diamond Reef System 9708:Introductory diving 9532:General non-fiction 9454:Underwater Handbook 9354:François de Roubaix 9207:Lothar Michael Ward 9150:Victor F. Guiel Jr. 8977:Alpazat cave rescue 8884:Scientific projects 8763:Sub Marine Explorer 8669:Joseph Salim Peress 8664:Ernest William Moir 8024:Hyperbaric medicine 7825:Freediving blackout 7493:Situation awareness 7439:Job safety analysis 7322:Ratio decompression 7131:Cold shock response 7081:Entanglement hazard 7016:Life-support system 6854:Comhairle Fo-Thuinn 6719:Recreational diving 6646:Underwater pistols 6540:Cavitation cleaning 6365:Underwater searches 6254:Marine construction 6104:Special Air Service 5890:Army engineer diver 5860:Public safety diver 5780:Professional diving 5668:Deep-water blackout 5663:Freediving blackout 5487:Mehgan Heaney-Grier 5218:Underwater football 5065:Hyperbaric lifeboat 4959:Goldfish-class ROUV 4954:Global Explorer ROV 4916:underwater vehicles 4452:Shearwater Research 4113:Scuba configuration 4096:Manifolded twin set 4091:Independent doubles 4049:Twin-hose regulator 3959:Surface marker buoy 3059:1989AmJS..289..333B 2972:Nitrox Gas Blending 2198:Mastro, SJ (1989). 2138:Elliott, D (1996). 2108:Nitrox Diver Manual 1432:Lang, M.A. (2001). 1216:Upper Carboniferous 618:decompression stops 583:recreational diving 326:A 2010 study using 244:recreational divers 236:professional divers 220:recreational diving 150:decompression stops 18:Oxygen enriched air 13234:Astronaut training 13191:Rubicon Foundation 13037:URF (Swedish Navy) 12822:Russian submarine 12810:-class submersible 12780:Deepsea Challenger 12765:-class bathyscaphe 12692:Underwater vehicle 12564:Penetration diving 12552:Black-water diving 12428:Thalmann algorithm 12240:Commercial salvors 11873:Joseph B. MacInnis 11382:Joseph B. MacInnis 11219:David Attenborough 11141:Peter Throckmorton 11101:Andreas Rechnitzer 11091:Mendel L. Peterson 10952:archaeologists and 10736:AIDA International 10687:Underwater cycling 10670:Open Circuit Scuba 10656:Apnoea finswimming 10568:Surface snorkeling 10318:YMCA SCUBA Program 10109:AIDA International 9884:Master Scuba Diver 9869:CMAS** scuba diver 9847:Core diving skills 9785:Finning techniques 9651:Refresher training 9433:NOAA Diving Manual 9247:Ricardo Armbruster 9175:Edwin Clayton Link 9047:Natalia Molchanova 8795:Cosmos CE2F series 8753:Porpoise regulator 8619:Auguste Denayrouze 8395:Diving regulations 8330:Rubicon Foundation 8255:Edward D. Thalmann 8220:Felix Hoppe-Seyler 8215:Brian Andrew Hills 8195:John Scott Haldane 8170:Albert A. Bühlmann 8135:Arthur J. Bachrach 8075:Hyperbaric nursing 7974:Immersion diuresis 7856:Avascular necrosis 7640:Diving regulations 7349:Scuba gas planning 6671:Underwater rifles 6350:Underwater logging 6311:Submarine pipeline 6249:Hyperbaric welding 5984:Fuerzas Especiales 5727:AIDA International 5617:Devrim Cenk Ulusoy 5542:Natalia Molchanova 5472:Francisco Ferreras 5359:Snorkel (swimming) 5181:Apnoea finswimming 5085:Reserve gas supply 5060:ENOS Rescue-System 4875:Aquarius Reef Base 4667:Gas reclaim system 4462:Submarine Products 4135:Diving rebreathers 3477:Decompression buoy 3445:Integrated weights 2567:on 6 February 2022 2298:Deeper into Diving 1896:. ScubaBoard. 2007 1204:NOAA Diving Manual 1140:(TDI) were begun. 1065:United States Navy 1063:In the 1950s, the 900: 743: 579: 564:backplate and wing 552:decompression dive 539:Scuba gas planning 344: 47: 13403: 13402: 13309: 13308: 13305: 13304: 13110: 13109: 13045: 13044: 12757:class bathyscaphe 12640: 12639: 12636: 12635: 12632: 12631: 12624:Low impact diving 12557:Blue-water diving 12547:Open-water diving 12463: 12462: 12390:Work of breathing 12385:Underwater vision 12323:Underwater vision 12259: 12258: 12255: 12254: 12221:Ian Edward Fraser 12068:John Morgan Wells 12048:Mark T. Vande Hei 11893:K. Megan McArthur 11863:Kjell N. Lindgren 11798:José M. Hernández 11753:Andrew J. Feustel 11713:Philippe Cousteau 11693:Catherine Coleman 11683:Gregory Chamitoff 11653:Robert L. Behnken 11633:Richard R. Arnold 11618:Andrew Abercromby 11593:Valerie van Heest 11523:Jochen Hasenmayer 11447:Philippe Tailliez 11372:Henry Way Kendall 11322:Bernard Delemotte 11121:Stephanie Schwabe 11086:John Peter Oleson 11016:George R. Fischer 10961:Michael Arbuthnot 10954:environmentalists 10859:Underwater divers 10848: 10847: 10844: 10843: 10601:Underwater hockey 10557:Underwater sports 10546: 10545: 10542: 10541: 10492: 10491: 10488: 10487: 10455:Cave Diving Group 10075:Commercial diving 9958: 9957: 9938:Specialist skills 9927:Master Instructor 9922:Diving instructor 9903:Leadership skills 9864:CMAS* scuba diver 9827: 9826: 9800:Low impact diving 9778:Valsalva maneuver 9753:Combat sidestroke 9668:Diving instructor 9612: 9611: 9608: 9607: 9501:Codes of Practice 9405: 9404: 9401: 9400: 9397: 9396: 9329:Henry Way Kendall 9202:Richard A. Walker 9192:Robert John Smyth 8905:Awards and events 8860:covert operations 8853: 8852: 8423: 8422: 8370: 8369: 8366: 8365: 8362: 8361: 8190:William Paul Fife 8125:diving physiology 8002: 8001: 7945: 7944: 7898:Nitrogen narcosis 7893:Hydrogen narcosis 7782:Dental barotrauma 7686: 7685: 7682: 7681: 7678: 7677: 7665:Operations manual 7660:Diving supervisor 7531:Diving supervisor 7526:Diver's attendant 7488:Safety data sheet 7391:Rebreather diving 7255: 7254: 7194:Willful violation 7141:Nitrogen narcosis 6984: 6983: 6980: 6979: 6848:Cave Diving Group 6791:Rebreather diving 6786:Open-water diving 6708: 6707: 6704: 6703: 6700: 6699: 6517:Abrasive waterjet 6473: 6472: 6377:Underwater survey 6296:Scientific diving 6206: 6205: 6202: 6201: 5840:Diving supervisor 5825:Diving instructor 5769: 5768: 5765: 5764: 5706:Octopus wrestling 5637:Nataliia Zharkova 5612:William Trubridge 5567:Umberto Pelizzari 5223:Underwater hockey 5147: 5146: 5143: 5142: 5111:Saturation spread 4934:Atlantis ROV Team 4914:Remotely operated 4908: 4907: 4885:Helgoland Habitat 4805:Saturation system 4694:Nitrox production 4628:Diving air filter 4479: 4478: 4475: 4474: 4442:Oceanic Worldwide 4332:Aqua Lung America 4306: 4305: 4288:Scuba replacement 4268:Diver's umbilical 4233:Siebe Gorman CDBA 4218:Mark IV Amphibian 3855:Diver's telephone 3816:Octopus regulator 3355:Decompression gas 3238:Saturation diving 3218:Diving activities 3207:Underwater diving 2868:Allen, C (1996). 2821:(13): 1387–1389. 2786:Dekker, David L. 2435:978-3-7688-2420-0 2294:Mitchell, Simon J 2271:"What is SafeAir" 1315:Nitrogen narcosis 972:Incorrect gas mix 741: 740: 737: 728: 721: 707: 689: 675: 533:Choice of mixture 353:Underwater diving 347:Underwater diving 167:Nitrogen narcosis 161:Nitrogen narcosis 66:underwater diving 16:(Redirected from 13423: 13391: 13379: 13378: 13345: 13344: 13333: 13332: 13321: 13320: 13230:Neutral buoyancy 13186:Reef Life Survey 13075: 13074: 13051:Submarine escape 12938:Deep-submergence 12934: 12933: 12905:Submarine rescue 12702:Deep-submergence 12698: 12697: 12646: 12645: 12492: 12491: 12396: 12395: 12306:Neutral buoyancy 12287: 12286: 12265: 12264: 12093:Jeffrey Williams 11943:Nicholas Patrick 11918:Andreas Mogensen 11883:Thomas Marshburn 11853:Dominic Landucci 11843:Karen Kohanowich 11763:Satoshi Furukawa 11658:Randolph Bresnik 11628:Clayton Anderson 11563:Arthur C. Clarke 11533:Jarrod Jablonski 11437:Wesley C. Skiles 11422:Leni Riefenstahl 11307:Jacques Cousteau 11189:Claudia Serpieri 11106:William R. Royal 11071:Charles T. Meide 11001:James P. Delgado 10939:Arne Zetterström 10904:Jacques Cousteau 10867: 10866: 10854: 10853: 10722:Sports governing 10618:Underwater rugby 10565: 10564: 10552: 10551: 10527:training courses 10499:training centres 10437: 10436: 10327:Scientific diver 10033:Commercial diver 10030: 10029: 9968:and registration 9894:Supervised diver 9889:Open Water Diver 9879:Low Impact Diver 9859:Autonomous diver 9844: 9843: 9773:Frenzel maneuver 9758:Diver navigation 9743: 9742: 9656:Skill assessment 9629: 9628: 9618: 9617: 9422: 9421: 9411: 9410: 9384:Esbjörn Svensson 9369:Wesley C. Skiles 9272:Cláudio Coutinho 9222:Arne Zetterström 9197:Albert D. Stover 9160:Craig M. Hoffman 9003:Charles Spalding 8945: 8944: 8774: 8773: 8614:Louis de Corlieu 8599:Jacques Cousteau 8491: 8490: 8429: 8428: 8376: 8375: 8145:Peter B. Bennett 8140:Albert R. Behnke 8119: 8118: 7815: 7814: 7740: 7739: 7705: 7704: 7692: 7691: 7635:Contingency plan 7630:Code of practice 7591:Diving regulator 7579:Hydrostatic test 7516:Chamber operator 7499: 7498: 7276:Emergency ascent 7202: 7201: 7047: 7046: 6990: 6989: 6806:Technical diving 6796:Sidemount diving 6751: 6750: 6714: 6713: 6618: 6617: 6545:Pressure washing 6383: 6382: 6039:Marine Commandos 5938: 5937: 5876: 5875: 5865:Scientific diver 5803:Commercial diver 5788: 5787: 5775: 5774: 5632:Alessia Zecchini 5537:Alexey Molchanov 5447:Yasemin Dalkılıç 5228:Underwater rugby 5166: 5165: 5153: 5152: 5118:Hot water system 5043:Safety equipment 4861: 4860: 4682:Gas storage tube 4677:Gas storage quad 4672:Gas storage bank 4581:Activated carbon 4508:Boarding stirrup 4501:Access equipment 4498: 4497: 4485: 4484: 4422:Johnson Outdoors 4417:HeinrichsWeikamp 4255:diving equipment 4253:Surface-supplied 4178:Halcyon PVR-BASC 4062: 4061: 4037:Regulator freeze 4022:Diving regulator 3926:Shark-proof cage 3721:Pneumofathometer 3619:Free-flow helmet 3302: 3301: 3280:Diving equipment 3275: 3274: 3200: 3193: 3186: 3177: 3176: 3159: 3152: 3146: 3139: 3123: 3122: 3105:(8): 1043–1050. 3096: 3087: 3081: 3080: 3070: 3038: 3032: 3031: 3011: 3005: 3004: 3002: 3000: 2985:"Nitrox History" 2981: 2975: 2965: 2959: 2954:Rosemary E Lunn 2952: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2939: 2925: 2919: 2918: 2912: 2904: 2902: 2901: 2865: 2854: 2853: 2851: 2850: 2837: 2831: 2830: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2801: 2799: 2783: 2777: 2776: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2742: 2736: 2735: 2729: 2721: 2719: 2718: 2682: 2671: 2670: 2664: 2656: 2654: 2653: 2637: 2631: 2630: 2624: 2616: 2614: 2613: 2592: 2586: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2566: 2559: 2550: 2544: 2541: 2535: 2532: 2521: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2502: 2496: 2495: 2489: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2446: 2440: 2439: 2421: 2412: 2411: 2405: 2397: 2395: 2394: 2366: 2360: 2359: 2353: 2345: 2343: 2342: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2292:Lippmann, John; 2289: 2283: 2282: 2280: 2278: 2266: 2260: 2259: 2241: 2230: 2229: 2223: 2215: 2213: 2212: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2182: 2174: 2172: 2171: 2135: 2129: 2128: 2126: 2125: 2102: 2096: 2095: 2089: 2081: 2063: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2045: 2044: 2028: 2022: 2021: 2015: 2007: 2005: 2004: 1988: 1982: 1981: 1975: 1967: 1965: 1964: 1936: 1930: 1929: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1857: 1851: 1844: 1838: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1808: 1798: 1777: 1776: 1770: 1762: 1760: 1759: 1731: 1725: 1724: 1706: 1700: 1699: 1693: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1638: 1632: 1631: 1629: 1627: 1612: 1606: 1605: 1599: 1591: 1589: 1588: 1568: 1529: 1528: 1522: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1505: 1494: 1485: 1484: 1482: 1481: 1467: 1461: 1460: 1454: 1446: 1444: 1443: 1429: 1386: 1385: 1383: 1382: 1368: 1362: 1361: 1359: 1358: 1352:www.gooddive.com 1344: 1327:Partial pressure 1305: 1099:, a former NOAA 1090:partial pressure 1054:clearance divers 752: 750: 749: 744: 742: 738: 735: 734: 729: 724: 723: 722: 719: 714: 713: 708: 705: 697: 692: 691: 690: 687: 682: 681: 676: 673: 629:technical diving 622:diving cylinders 610:diving equipment 548:Technical divers 208:partial pressure 74:partial pressure 21: 13431: 13430: 13426: 13425: 13424: 13422: 13421: 13420: 13416:Breathing gases 13406: 13405: 13404: 13399: 13301: 13270: 13233: 13231: 13225: 13118: 13116: 13106: 13073: 13041: 12939: 12932: 12899: 12816:Limiting Factor 12703: 12696: 12677:Offshore survey 12651: 12628: 12607: 12507:Altitude diving 12490: 12470: 12459: 12401: 12394: 12341: 12334: 12301:Metre sea water 12292: 12285: 12272: 12251: 12235: 12204: 12173: 12112: 12098:Sunita Williams 12088:Dafydd Williams 12073:Joachim Wendler 11968:Kathleen Rubins 11963:Garrett Reisman 11908:Simone Melchior 11888:Matthias Maurer 11828:Norishige Kanai 11813:Akihiko Hoshide 11803:John Herrington 11718:Timothy Creamer 11708:Fabien Cousteau 11703:Craig B. Cooper 11678:Scott Carpenter 11673:Berry L. Cannon 11648:Robert A. Barth 11623:Joseph M. Acaba 11604: 11578:John Chatterton 11508:Graham Balcombe 11497: 11491: 11487:J. Lamar Worzel 11302:Neville Coleman 11282:Georges Beuchat 11264: 11258: 11206: 11204: 11198: 11156: 11150: 11146:Cristina Zenato 11066:Innes McCartney 10953: 10951: 10949: 10943: 10899:James F. Cahill 10871: 10861: 10840: 10809: 10726:and federations 10725: 10723: 10717: 10701: 10665: 10639: 10579: 10559: 10538: 10526: 10520: 10498: 10484: 10441: 10435: 10356: 10354: 10353:Technical diver 10348: 10330: 10328: 10322: 10142: 10140: 10138: 10132: 10101: 10099: 10093: 10076: 10070: 10036: 10034: 10028: 9969: 9967: 9965: 9954: 9933: 9898: 9838: 9836: 9834: 9823: 9795:Buddy breathing 9741: 9720:Teaching method 9634: 9623: 9604: 9589: 9573: 9527: 9500: 9494: 9416: 9393: 9334:Artur Kozłowski 9297:Maurice Fargues 9262:Berry L. Cannon 9233: 9226: 9217:Bradley Westell 9212:Joachim Wendler 9130: 9123: 9119:diving accident 9111:diving accident 9103:diving accident 9095:diving accident 9093:Stena Seaspread 9087:diving accident 9079:diving accident 9058: 9051: 9042:Nicholas Mevoli 9012: 9008:Ebenezer Watson 8986: 8965: 8936: 8912:Hans Hass Award 8900: 8879: 8874:Rainbow Warrior 8872:Sinking of the 8859: 8849: 8781: 8779: 8772: 8743:Magnesium torch 8714: 8708: 8674:Auguste Piccard 8659:John Lethbridge 8579:Georges Beuchat 8561: 8555: 8538: 8532: 8495: 8489: 8436: 8419: 8381: 8358: 8272: 8270: 8264: 8240:Neal W. Pollock 8126: 8124: 8110: 8101:Fitness to dive 8079: 8048: 7998: 7951: 7941: 7929: 7923: 7902: 7844: 7840:Oxygen toxicity 7813: 7744: 7738: 7729:Motion sickness 7710: 7699: 7697:Diving medicine 7674: 7611: 7609: 7602: 7561: 7555: 7497: 7444:Risk assessment 7434:Hazard analysis 7417: 7410: 7262: 7251: 7200: 7146:Oxygen toxicity 7052: 7045: 6997: 6976: 6959: 6953: 6901: 6895: 6827: 6820: 6761:Altitude diving 6749: 6721: 6696: 6623: 6616: 6587: 6581: 6509: 6503: 6480: 6469: 6381: 6301:Ships husbandry 6213: 6198: 6084:Royal Engineers 5999:Grup Gerak Khas 5959:Commando Hubert 5945: 5943: 5936: 5925:U.S. Navy diver 5900:Clearance diver 5881: 5874: 5782: 5761: 5715: 5689: 5641: 5597:Martin Štěpánek 5592:Aharon Solomons 5582:Stig Severinsen 5532:Stéphane Mifsud 5482:Flavia Eberhard 5457:Flavia Eberhard 5422:Derya Can Göçen 5407:Peppo Biscarini 5402:Simone Arrigoni 5397:Deborah Andollo 5385: 5327: 5298:No-limits apnea 5262:Constant weight 5237: 5160: 5139: 5089: 5050:Diver down flag 5038: 4915: 4904: 4900:Tektite habitat 4866: 4859: 4809: 4734: 4727: 4711:Oxygen analyser 4689:Helium analyzer 4633:Water separator 4591:Molecular sieve 4568: 4562: 4492: 4471: 4314: 4312: 4302: 4254: 4247: 4193:Interspiro DCSC 4129: 4067: 4060: 3993:Diving cylinder 3979: 3977: 3970: 3803: 3797: 3736: 3730: 3677:Instrumentation 3672: 3601: 3595: 3526: 3468: 3461: 3405: 3399: 3326: 3305:Basic equipment 3300: 3282: 3269: 3263:Unmanned diving 3209: 3204: 3167: 3162: 3153: 3149: 3140: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3126: 3094: 3088: 3084: 3039: 3035: 3028: 3012: 3008: 2998: 2996: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2966: 2962: 2953: 2946: 2937: 2935: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2906: 2905: 2899: 2897: 2866: 2857: 2848: 2846: 2839: 2838: 2834: 2811: 2807: 2797: 2795: 2784: 2780: 2767: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2743: 2739: 2723: 2722: 2716: 2714: 2683: 2674: 2658: 2657: 2651: 2649: 2638: 2634: 2618: 2617: 2611: 2609: 2593: 2589: 2584: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2564: 2557: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2538: 2533: 2524: 2514: 2512: 2504: 2503: 2499: 2483: 2482: 2476: 2474: 2447: 2443: 2436: 2426:Nitrox Handbuch 2422: 2415: 2399: 2398: 2392: 2390: 2367: 2363: 2347: 2346: 2340: 2338: 2327: 2323: 2308: 2290: 2286: 2276: 2274: 2267: 2263: 2256: 2242: 2233: 2217: 2216: 2210: 2208: 2196: 2192: 2176: 2175: 2169: 2167: 2136: 2132: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2103: 2099: 2083: 2082: 2061: 2055: 2051: 2042: 2040: 2031:Owen Anderson. 2029: 2025: 2009: 2008: 2002: 2000: 1989: 1985: 1969: 1968: 1962: 1960: 1937: 1933: 1926: 1912: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1872: 1858: 1854: 1845: 1841: 1832: 1828: 1821: 1799: 1780: 1764: 1763: 1757: 1755: 1732: 1728: 1721: 1707: 1703: 1687: 1686: 1680: 1678: 1639: 1635: 1625: 1623: 1613: 1609: 1593: 1592: 1586: 1584: 1569: 1532: 1516: 1515: 1509: 1507: 1503: 1495: 1488: 1479: 1477: 1469: 1468: 1464: 1448: 1447: 1441: 1439: 1430: 1389: 1380: 1378: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1356: 1354: 1346: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1321:Oxygen toxicity 1303: 1273:Diving cylinder 1229:breathing gases 1224: 1212: 1174: 1032:standard diving 1017: 974: 921: 913: 897: 888: 872: 856: 847: 842: 830:diving cylinder 826: 805: 765: 759: 733: 718: 709: 704: 703: 702: 698: 696: 686: 677: 672: 671: 670: 666: 664: 661: 660: 653: 541: 535: 530: 524:Oxygen cleaning 520: 495: 489: 483: 475:oxygen analyzer 464: 444:oxygen toxicity 436: 423: 407: 397: 376: 355: 349: 336: 316: 307: 256: 241: 229: 225: 213: 204: 202:Oxygen toxicity 198: 196:Oxygen toxicity 178:oxygen toxicity 169: 163: 145: 131: 126: 120: 105:oxygen toxicity 88:(also known as 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13429: 13419: 13418: 13401: 13400: 13398: 13397: 13385: 13373: 13366: 13359: 13351: 13339: 13327: 13314: 13311: 13310: 13307: 13306: 13303: 13302: 13300: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13278: 13276: 13272: 13271: 13269: 13268: 13263: 13258: 13253: 13248: 13243: 13237: 13235: 13232:facilities for 13227: 13226: 13224: 13223: 13218: 13213: 13208: 13203: 13198: 13193: 13188: 13183: 13178: 13173: 13168: 13163: 13158: 13153: 13148: 13143: 13138: 13133: 13128: 13122: 13120: 13112: 13111: 13108: 13107: 13105: 13104: 13099: 13094: 13089: 13083: 13081: 13072: 13071: 13066: 13061: 13055: 13053: 13047: 13046: 13043: 13042: 13040: 13039: 13034: 13032:Type 7103 DSRV 13029: 13024: 13019: 13011: 13010: 13009: 13004: 12991: 12986: 12985: 12984: 12976: 12960: 12955: 12950: 12944: 12942: 12940:rescue vehicle 12931: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12909: 12907: 12901: 12900: 12898: 12897: 12889: 12881: 12873: 12865: 12857: 12849: 12841: 12834: 12827: 12819: 12812: 12804: 12797: 12790: 12783: 12776: 12775: 12774: 12767: 12759: 12751: 12746: 12741: 12729: 12724: 12716: 12708: 12706: 12695: 12694: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12674: 12673: 12672: 12662: 12656: 12653: 12652: 12642: 12641: 12638: 12637: 12634: 12633: 12630: 12629: 12627: 12626: 12621: 12615: 12613: 12609: 12608: 12606: 12605: 12600: 12595: 12590: 12589: 12588: 12583: 12578: 12577: 12576: 12561: 12560: 12559: 12554: 12544: 12539: 12534: 12532:Inshore diving 12529: 12524: 12519: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12498: 12496: 12495:Classification 12489: 12488: 12487: 12486: 12475: 12473: 12465: 12464: 12461: 12460: 12458: 12457: 12452: 12447: 12442: 12441: 12440: 12435: 12430: 12425: 12420: 12415: 12406: 12404: 12393: 12392: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12346: 12344: 12336: 12335: 12333: 12332: 12331: 12330: 12320: 12319: 12318: 12308: 12303: 12297: 12295: 12284: 12283: 12277: 12274: 12273: 12261: 12260: 12257: 12256: 12253: 12252: 12250: 12249: 12243: 12241: 12237: 12236: 12234: 12233: 12228: 12226:Sydney Knowles 12223: 12218: 12212: 12210: 12206: 12205: 12203: 12202: 12200:John Volanthen 12197: 12192: 12190:Richard Harris 12187: 12181: 12179: 12175: 12174: 12172: 12171: 12166: 12161: 12159:Trevor Jackson 12156: 12154:Hillary Hauser 12151: 12146: 12141: 12136: 12134:Philippe Diolé 12131: 12126: 12120: 12118: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12110: 12105: 12100: 12095: 12090: 12085: 12080: 12075: 12070: 12065: 12063:Shannon Walker 12060: 12058:Rex J. Walheim 12055: 12050: 12045: 12040: 12035: 12033:Daniel M. Tani 12030: 12025: 12020: 12018:Hervé Stevenin 12015: 12013:Robert Sténuit 12010: 12005: 12000: 11995: 11990: 11985: 11980: 11975: 11973:Dick Rutkowski 11970: 11965: 11960: 11955: 11953:Thomas Pesquet 11950: 11945: 11940: 11938:Luca Parmitano 11935: 11930: 11928:John D. Olivas 11925: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11900: 11898:Craig McKinley 11895: 11890: 11885: 11880: 11875: 11870: 11865: 11860: 11855: 11850: 11845: 11840: 11835: 11830: 11825: 11820: 11815: 11810: 11805: 11800: 11795: 11790: 11788:Chris Hadfield 11785: 11780: 11775: 11770: 11765: 11760: 11758:Michael Fincke 11755: 11750: 11745: 11740: 11735: 11730: 11725: 11720: 11715: 11710: 11705: 11700: 11695: 11690: 11688:Steve Chappell 11685: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11650: 11645: 11640: 11635: 11630: 11625: 11620: 11614: 11612: 11606: 11605: 11603: 11602: 11601: 11600: 11595: 11590: 11585: 11580: 11575: 11567: 11566: 11565: 11557: 11556: 11555: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11535: 11530: 11525: 11520: 11515: 11510: 11501: 11499: 11493: 11492: 11490: 11489: 11484: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11464: 11462:Albert Tillman 11459: 11457:Valerie Taylor 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11399: 11394: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11349: 11344: 11339: 11334: 11332:Candice Farmer 11329: 11327:David Doubilet 11324: 11319: 11314: 11309: 11304: 11299: 11294: 11289: 11284: 11279: 11277:Tamara Benitez 11274: 11268: 11266: 11260: 11259: 11257: 11256: 11251: 11246: 11241: 11236: 11231: 11226: 11221: 11216: 11214:Samir Alhafith 11210: 11208: 11207:and presenters 11200: 11199: 11197: 11196: 11191: 11186: 11181: 11176: 11171: 11166: 11164:Pascal Bernabé 11160: 11158: 11152: 11151: 11149: 11148: 11143: 11138: 11136:Robert Sténuit 11133: 11128: 11123: 11118: 11116:Gunter Schöbel 11113: 11108: 11103: 11098: 11093: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11076:Mark M. Newell 11073: 11068: 11063: 11058: 11056:Robert F. Marx 11053: 11048: 11043: 11038: 11033: 11028: 11023: 11021:Anders Franzén 11018: 11013: 11008: 11003: 10998: 10993: 10988: 10983: 10978: 10973: 10968: 10966:Robert Ballard 10963: 10957: 10955: 10945: 10944: 10942: 10941: 10936: 10931: 10929:Dick Rutkowski 10926: 10921: 10919:Trevor Hampton 10916: 10914:Dottie Frazier 10911: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10875: 10873: 10863: 10862: 10850: 10849: 10846: 10845: 10842: 10841: 10839: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10817: 10815: 10811: 10810: 10808: 10807: 10806: 10805: 10799: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10779: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10746: 10745: 10744: 10738: 10732:International 10729: 10727: 10719: 10718: 10716: 10715: 10709: 10707: 10703: 10702: 10700: 10699: 10694: 10689: 10684: 10679: 10673: 10671: 10667: 10666: 10664: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10647: 10645: 10641: 10640: 10638: 10637: 10632: 10631: 10630: 10625: 10615: 10614: 10613: 10608: 10598: 10593: 10587: 10585: 10581: 10580: 10578: 10577: 10571: 10569: 10561: 10560: 10548: 10547: 10544: 10543: 10540: 10539: 10537: 10536: 10530: 10528: 10525:Military diver 10522: 10521: 10519: 10518: 10513: 10508: 10502: 10500: 10497:Military diver 10494: 10493: 10490: 10489: 10486: 10485: 10483: 10482: 10476: 10470: 10464: 10458: 10452: 10445: 10443: 10434: 10433: 10427: 10421: 10415: 10409: 10403: 10397: 10391: 10385: 10379: 10373: 10367: 10360: 10358: 10350: 10349: 10347: 10346: 10341: 10334: 10332: 10324: 10323: 10321: 10320: 10315: 10309: 10303: 10297: 10291: 10285: 10279: 10273: 10267: 10261: 10255: 10249: 10243: 10237: 10231: 10225: 10219: 10213: 10207: 10201: 10195: 10189: 10183: 10177: 10171: 10165: 10159: 10153: 10146: 10144: 10134: 10133: 10131: 10130: 10124: 10118: 10112: 10105: 10103: 10095: 10094: 10092: 10091: 10086: 10080: 10078: 10072: 10071: 10069: 10068: 10063: 10057: 10052: 10047: 10040: 10038: 10027: 10026: 10020: 10015: 10010: 10004: 9999: 9993: 9987: 9981: 9974: 9972: 9964:Diver training 9960: 9959: 9956: 9955: 9953: 9952: 9947: 9941: 9939: 9935: 9934: 9932: 9931: 9930: 9929: 9919: 9918: 9917: 9906: 9904: 9900: 9899: 9897: 9896: 9891: 9886: 9881: 9876: 9871: 9866: 9861: 9856: 9850: 9848: 9841: 9829: 9828: 9825: 9824: 9822: 9821: 9816: 9811: 9810: 9809: 9808: 9807: 9797: 9787: 9782: 9781: 9780: 9775: 9765: 9760: 9755: 9749: 9747: 9740: 9739: 9738: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9717: 9716: 9715: 9710: 9700: 9699: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9675: 9670: 9665: 9660: 9659: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9639: 9637: 9625: 9624: 9614: 9613: 9610: 9609: 9606: 9605: 9603: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9591: 9590: 9588: 9587: 9581: 9579: 9575: 9574: 9572: 9571: 9564: 9557: 9550: 9543: 9535: 9533: 9529: 9528: 9526: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9504: 9502: 9496: 9495: 9493: 9492: 9485: 9478: 9471: 9464: 9457: 9450: 9443: 9436: 9428: 9426: 9418: 9417: 9407: 9406: 9403: 9402: 9399: 9398: 9395: 9394: 9392: 9391: 9386: 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9346: 9344:Kirsty MacColl 9341: 9336: 9331: 9326: 9321: 9320: 9319: 9309: 9304: 9299: 9294: 9289: 9284: 9279: 9277:E. Yale Dawson 9274: 9269: 9267:Cotton Coulson 9264: 9259: 9254: 9249: 9244: 9238: 9236: 9228: 9227: 9225: 9224: 9219: 9214: 9209: 9204: 9199: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9178: 9177: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9142: 9136: 9134: 9125: 9124: 9122: 9121: 9113: 9109:Waage Drill II 9105: 9097: 9089: 9081: 9073: 9069:Byford Dolphin 9064: 9062: 9053: 9052: 9050: 9049: 9044: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9027:Stephen Keenan 9023: 9021: 9014: 9013: 9011: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8994: 8992: 8988: 8987: 8985: 8984: 8979: 8973: 8971: 8967: 8966: 8964: 8963: 8958:Sinking of MV 8954: 8952: 8942: 8938: 8937: 8935: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8914: 8908: 8906: 8902: 8901: 8899: 8898: 8893: 8887: 8885: 8881: 8880: 8878: 8877: 8869: 8863: 8861: 8855: 8854: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8847: 8842: 8837: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8786: 8784: 8771: 8770: 8765: 8760: 8755: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8732: 8724: 8718: 8716: 8710: 8709: 8707: 8706: 8704:Jacques Triger 8701: 8696: 8694:Augustus Siebe 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8654:Yves Le Prieur 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8626: 8621: 8616: 8611: 8606: 8601: 8596: 8594:John R. Clarke 8591: 8586: 8581: 8576: 8571: 8565: 8563: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8542: 8540: 8537:Underwater art 8534: 8533: 8531: 8530: 8523: 8516: 8508: 8499: 8497: 8488: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8447: 8441: 8438: 8437: 8425: 8424: 8421: 8420: 8418: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8386: 8383: 8382: 8372: 8371: 8368: 8367: 8364: 8363: 8360: 8359: 8357: 8356: 8350: 8344: 8338: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8306: 8300: 8294: 8288: 8282: 8276: 8274: 8269:Diving medical 8266: 8265: 8263: 8262: 8260:Jacques Triger 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8235:Charles Momsen 8232: 8230:Simon Mitchell 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8175:John R. Clarke 8172: 8167: 8165:Alf O. Brubakk 8162: 8157: 8155:George F. Bond 8152: 8147: 8142: 8137: 8131: 8129: 8123:Researchers in 8116: 8112: 8111: 8109: 8108: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8087: 8085: 8081: 8080: 8078: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8056: 8054: 8050: 8049: 8047: 8046: 8041: 8039:Oxygen therapy 8036: 8031: 8026: 8021: 8016: 8010: 8008: 8004: 8003: 8000: 7999: 7997: 7996: 7991: 7986: 7981: 7976: 7971: 7966: 7961: 7955: 7953: 7947: 7946: 7943: 7942: 7940: 7939: 7933: 7931: 7925: 7924: 7922: 7921: 7916: 7910: 7908: 7907:Carbon dioxide 7904: 7903: 7901: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7885: 7884: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7858: 7852: 7850: 7846: 7845: 7843: 7842: 7837: 7832: 7827: 7821: 7819: 7812: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7759: 7754: 7748: 7746: 7737: 7736: 7731: 7726: 7721: 7715: 7713: 7701: 7700: 7688: 7687: 7684: 7683: 7680: 7679: 7676: 7675: 7673: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7627: 7622: 7616: 7614: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600: 7599: 7598: 7588: 7587: 7586: 7581: 7571: 7565: 7563: 7557: 7556: 7554: 7553: 7551:Stand-by diver 7548: 7543: 7538: 7533: 7528: 7523: 7518: 7513: 7507: 7505: 7496: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7478:Permit To Work 7475: 7473:Lockout–tagout 7470: 7465: 7464: 7463: 7453: 7448: 7447: 7446: 7441: 7436: 7428: 7422: 7420: 7412: 7411: 7409: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7393: 7388: 7383: 7378: 7373: 7371:Doing It Right 7368: 7366:Diver training 7363: 7358: 7353: 7352: 7351: 7346: 7344:Rule of thirds 7336: 7331: 7326: 7325: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7304: 7303: 7302: 7292: 7291: 7290: 7280: 7279: 7278: 7267: 7265: 7257: 7256: 7253: 7252: 7250: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7208: 7206: 7199: 7198: 7197: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7160: 7159: 7158: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7138: 7133: 7127:Physiological 7125: 7124: 7123: 7118: 7113: 7108: 7100: 7099: 7098: 7093: 7088: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7063: 7057: 7055: 7044: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7002: 6999: 6998: 6986: 6985: 6982: 6981: 6978: 6977: 6975: 6974: 6969: 6963: 6961: 6955: 6954: 6952: 6951: 6946: 6941: 6936: 6931: 6926: 6921: 6916: 6911: 6905: 6903: 6900:Diving tourism 6897: 6896: 6894: 6893: 6887: 6881: 6875: 6869: 6863: 6857: 6851: 6845: 6839: 6832: 6830: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6757: 6755: 6748: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6726: 6723: 6722: 6710: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6698: 6697: 6695: 6694: 6693: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6669: 6668: 6667: 6659: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6628: 6626: 6615: 6614: 6613: 6612: 6607: 6605:Hawaiian sling 6597: 6591: 6589: 6583: 6582: 6580: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6553: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6513: 6511: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6485: 6483: 6475: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6468: 6467: 6460: 6452: 6444: 6437: 6430: 6422: 6414: 6407: 6400: 6391: 6389: 6387:Salvage diving 6380: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6368: 6367: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6324: 6323: 6313: 6308: 6303: 6298: 6293: 6288: 6283: 6278: 6273: 6268: 6267: 6266: 6261: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6240: 6239: 6232:Diver training 6229: 6224: 6218: 6216: 6208: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6056: 6051: 6046: 6041: 6036: 6031: 6026: 6021: 6016: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5981: 5976: 5971: 5966: 5961: 5956: 5950: 5948: 5935: 5934: 5933: 5932: 5927: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5886: 5884: 5873: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5816: 5815: 5810: 5800: 5794: 5792: 5784: 5783: 5771: 5770: 5767: 5766: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5723: 5721: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5690: 5688: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5660: 5655: 5649: 5647: 5643: 5642: 5640: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5607:Tanya Streeter 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5562:Herbert Nitsch 5559: 5557:Guillaume Néry 5554: 5552:Patrick Musimu 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5527:Kate Middleton 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5462:Şahika Ercümen 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5383: 5381:Water polo cap 5378: 5377: 5376: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5349:Hawaiian sling 5346: 5341: 5335: 5333: 5329: 5328: 5326: 5325: 5324: 5323: 5318: 5312: 5307: 5301: 5295: 5292:Free immersion 5289: 5283: 5277: 5271: 5265: 5256: 5251: 5245: 5243: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5204: 5203: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5172: 5170: 5162: 5161: 5149: 5148: 5145: 5144: 5141: 5140: 5138: 5137: 5136: 5135: 5130: 5120: 5115: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5097: 5095: 5091: 5090: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5046: 5044: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5036: 5034:VideoRay UROVs 5031: 5026: 5024:SJT-class ROUV 5021: 5016: 5011: 5009:Seabed tractor 5006: 5001: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4979:Mini Rover ROV 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4924:8A4-class ROUV 4920: 4918: 4910: 4909: 4906: 4905: 4903: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4871: 4869: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4855: 4845: 4844: 4843: 4838: 4833: 4828: 4817: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4790:Diving chamber 4787: 4786: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4739: 4737: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4725: 4720: 4719: 4718: 4708: 4707: 4706: 4701: 4691: 4686: 4685: 4684: 4679: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4658: 4657: 4647: 4646: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4599: 4598: 4593: 4588: 4583: 4576:Air filtration 4572: 4570: 4564: 4563: 4561: 4560: 4555: 4553:Messenger line 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4510: 4504: 4502: 4494: 4493: 4481: 4480: 4477: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4397:Maurice Fernez 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4318: 4316: 4308: 4307: 4304: 4303: 4301: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4259: 4257: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4165: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4145: 4139: 4137: 4131: 4130: 4128: 4127: 4126: 4125: 4123:Sling cylinder 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4104: 4103: 4101:Scuba manifold 4093: 4088: 4083: 4081:Bailout bottle 4072: 4070: 4059: 4058: 4053: 4052: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4040: 4039: 4029: 4019: 4018: 4017: 4015:Reclaim helmet 4007: 4006: 4005: 4000: 3990: 3984: 3982: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3968: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3944:Diving compass 3941: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3907: 3906: 3896: 3895: 3894: 3892:Bailout bottle 3889: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3868: 3867: 3857: 3852: 3851: 3850: 3840: 3835: 3830: 3825: 3824: 3823: 3818: 3807: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3796: 3795: 3790: 3785: 3784: 3783: 3778: 3768: 3763: 3762: 3761: 3756: 3746: 3740: 3738: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3712: 3711: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3669: 3668: 3663: 3661:Full-face mask 3658: 3648: 3647: 3646: 3641: 3636: 3634:Reclaim helmet 3631: 3626: 3621: 3611: 3605: 3603: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3593: 3592: 3591: 3589:Hot-water suit 3586: 3576: 3571: 3570: 3569: 3564: 3554: 3553: 3552: 3547: 3536: 3534: 3528: 3527: 3525: 3524: 3519: 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3473: 3471: 3463: 3462: 3460: 3459: 3458: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3432: 3431: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3418:Power inflator 3409: 3407: 3406:trim equipment 3401: 3400: 3398: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3336: 3334: 3328: 3327: 3325: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3308: 3306: 3299: 3298: 3293: 3287: 3284: 3283: 3271: 3270: 3268: 3267: 3266: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3250: 3245: 3240: 3235: 3230: 3220: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3203: 3202: 3195: 3188: 3180: 3174: 3173: 3166: 3165:External links 3163: 3161: 3160: 3147: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3082: 3053:(4): 333–361. 3033: 3026: 3006: 2995:on 4 July 2009 2976: 2960: 2958:X-Ray Magazine 2944: 2929:"NAUI History" 2920: 2855: 2832: 2805: 2778: 2760: 2737: 2672: 2632: 2587: 2578: 2545: 2536: 2522: 2510:www.nuvair.com 2497: 2441: 2434: 2413: 2361: 2321: 2306: 2284: 2269:Staff (2015). 2261: 2254: 2231: 2190: 2130: 2117: 2097: 2072:(3): 114–118. 2049: 2023: 1983: 1931: 1924: 1906: 1885: 1870: 1852: 1839: 1826: 1819: 1778: 1726: 1719: 1701: 1633: 1607: 1530: 1486: 1462: 1387: 1363: 1338: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1331: 1330: 1324: 1318: 1312: 1306: 1297: 1291: 1290: 1289: 1276: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1262: 1256: 1250: 1244: 1238: 1223: 1220: 1211: 1208: 1172: 1097:Dick Rutkowski 1016: 1013: 973: 970: 954: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 920: 917: 912: 909: 895: 887: 884: 880:hazard symbols 871: 868: 855: 852: 846: 845:European Union 843: 841: 838: 825: 822: 821: 820: 808: 795: 791: 783: 780: 758: 755: 754: 753: 732: 727: 717: 712: 701: 695: 685: 680: 669: 652: 649: 534: 531: 519: 516: 511: 510: 507: 504: 501: 493: 485:Main article: 482: 479: 462: 435: 432: 427:oxygen therapy 422: 419: 396: 393: 375: 372: 351:Main article: 348: 345: 335: 332: 315: 312: 306: 303: 296:izziness, and 254: 239: 227: 223: 211: 210:of oxygen (ppO 200:Main article: 197: 194: 165:Main article: 162: 159: 130: 127: 119: 116: 112:oxygen therapy 78:body's tissues 52:refers to any 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13428: 13417: 13414: 13413: 13411: 13396: 13395: 13390: 13386: 13384: 13383: 13374: 13372: 13371: 13367: 13365: 13364: 13360: 13358: 13357: 13352: 13350: 13349: 13340: 13338: 13337: 13328: 13326: 13325: 13316: 13315: 13312: 13298: 13297:Seabed mining 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13279: 13277: 13273: 13267: 13264: 13262: 13259: 13257: 13254: 13252: 13249: 13247: 13244: 13242: 13239: 13238: 13236: 13228: 13222: 13219: 13217: 13214: 13212: 13209: 13207: 13204: 13202: 13199: 13197: 13194: 13192: 13189: 13187: 13184: 13182: 13179: 13177: 13174: 13172: 13169: 13167: 13164: 13162: 13159: 13157: 13154: 13152: 13149: 13147: 13144: 13142: 13139: 13137: 13134: 13132: 13129: 13127: 13124: 13123: 13121: 13113: 13103: 13100: 13098: 13095: 13093: 13090: 13088: 13085: 13084: 13082: 13080: 13076: 13070: 13067: 13065: 13062: 13060: 13057: 13056: 13054: 13052: 13048: 13038: 13035: 13033: 13030: 13028: 13025: 13023: 13020: 13018: 13017: 13012: 13008: 13005: 13003: 13000: 12999: 12998: 12996: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12983: 12982: 12977: 12975: 12974: 12969: 12968: 12967: 12965: 12961: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12949: 12946: 12945: 12943: 12941: 12935: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12910: 12908: 12906: 12902: 12896: 12895: 12890: 12888: 12887: 12882: 12880: 12879: 12874: 12872: 12871: 12866: 12864: 12863: 12858: 12856: 12855: 12850: 12848: 12846: 12842: 12840: 12839: 12835: 12833: 12832: 12828: 12826: 12825: 12820: 12818: 12817: 12813: 12811: 12809: 12805: 12803: 12802: 12798: 12796: 12795: 12791: 12789: 12788: 12784: 12782: 12781: 12777: 12773: 12772: 12768: 12766: 12764: 12760: 12758: 12756: 12752: 12750: 12747: 12745: 12742: 12740: 12739: 12735: 12734: 12733: 12730: 12728: 12725: 12723: 12722: 12717: 12715: 12714: 12710: 12709: 12707: 12705: 12699: 12693: 12690: 12688: 12685: 12683: 12680: 12678: 12675: 12671: 12668: 12667: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12657: 12654: 12647: 12643: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12616: 12614: 12610: 12604: 12601: 12599: 12596: 12594: 12591: 12587: 12584: 12582: 12579: 12575: 12572: 12571: 12570: 12567: 12566: 12565: 12562: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12548: 12545: 12543: 12540: 12538: 12535: 12533: 12530: 12528: 12527:Inland diving 12525: 12523: 12520: 12518: 12515: 12513: 12510: 12508: 12505: 12503: 12500: 12499: 12497: 12493: 12485: 12482: 12481: 12480: 12477: 12476: 12474: 12472: 12466: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12450:Oxygen window 12448: 12446: 12443: 12439: 12436: 12434: 12431: 12429: 12426: 12424: 12421: 12419: 12416: 12414: 12411: 12410: 12408: 12407: 12405: 12403: 12400:Decompression 12397: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12360:Diving reflex 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12347: 12345: 12343: 12337: 12329: 12326: 12325: 12324: 12321: 12317: 12314: 12313: 12312: 12309: 12307: 12304: 12302: 12299: 12298: 12296: 12294: 12288: 12282: 12279: 12278: 12275: 12271: 12266: 12262: 12248: 12245: 12244: 12242: 12238: 12232: 12229: 12227: 12224: 12222: 12219: 12217: 12214: 12213: 12211: 12207: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12185:Craig Challen 12183: 12182: 12180: 12176: 12170: 12167: 12165: 12162: 12160: 12157: 12155: 12152: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12140: 12137: 12135: 12132: 12130: 12127: 12125: 12122: 12121: 12119: 12115: 12109: 12106: 12104: 12101: 12099: 12096: 12094: 12091: 12089: 12086: 12084: 12083:Peggy Whitson 12081: 12079: 12076: 12074: 12071: 12069: 12066: 12064: 12061: 12059: 12056: 12054: 12053:Koichi Wakata 12051: 12049: 12046: 12044: 12041: 12039: 12038:Robert Thirsk 12036: 12034: 12031: 12029: 12028:James Talacek 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12003:Steve Squyres 12001: 11999: 11996: 11994: 11993:Robert Sheats 11991: 11989: 11986: 11984: 11981: 11979: 11976: 11974: 11971: 11969: 11966: 11964: 11961: 11959: 11956: 11954: 11951: 11949: 11946: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11933:Takuya Onishi 11931: 11929: 11926: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11899: 11896: 11894: 11891: 11889: 11886: 11884: 11881: 11879: 11878:Sandra Magnus 11876: 11874: 11871: 11869: 11866: 11864: 11861: 11859: 11858:Jon Lindbergh 11856: 11854: 11851: 11849: 11848:Timothy Kopra 11846: 11844: 11841: 11839: 11836: 11834: 11831: 11829: 11826: 11824: 11821: 11819: 11818:Mark Hulsbeck 11816: 11814: 11811: 11809: 11806: 11804: 11801: 11799: 11796: 11794: 11793:Jeremy Hansen 11791: 11789: 11786: 11784: 11781: 11779: 11776: 11774: 11771: 11769: 11766: 11764: 11761: 11759: 11756: 11754: 11751: 11749: 11746: 11744: 11741: 11739: 11738:Jeanette Epps 11736: 11734: 11731: 11729: 11726: 11724: 11723:Jonathan Dory 11721: 11719: 11716: 11714: 11711: 11709: 11706: 11704: 11701: 11699: 11696: 11694: 11691: 11689: 11686: 11684: 11681: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11649: 11646: 11644: 11641: 11639: 11636: 11634: 11631: 11629: 11626: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11615: 11613: 11611: 11607: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11591: 11589: 11586: 11584: 11583:Clive Cussler 11581: 11579: 11576: 11574: 11571: 11570: 11568: 11564: 11561: 11560: 11558: 11554: 11551: 11549: 11548:Jack Sheppard 11546: 11544: 11541: 11539: 11536: 11534: 11531: 11529: 11528:Jill Heinerth 11526: 11524: 11521: 11519: 11516: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11505: 11503: 11502: 11500: 11494: 11488: 11485: 11483: 11480: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11472:Stan Waterman 11470: 11468: 11465: 11463: 11460: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11445: 11443: 11442:E. Lee Spence 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11428: 11427:Peter Scoones 11425: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11415: 11413: 11410: 11408: 11405: 11403: 11400: 11398: 11395: 11393: 11392:Agnes Milowka 11390: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11353: 11352:Stephen Frink 11350: 11348: 11345: 11343: 11340: 11338: 11335: 11333: 11330: 11328: 11325: 11323: 11320: 11318: 11315: 11313: 11312:John D. Craig 11310: 11308: 11305: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11295: 11293: 11292:Jonathan Bird 11290: 11288: 11287:Adrian Biddle 11285: 11283: 11280: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11269: 11267: 11265:photographers 11261: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11240: 11237: 11235: 11234:Richie Kohler 11232: 11230: 11227: 11225: 11222: 11220: 11217: 11215: 11212: 11211: 11209: 11201: 11195: 11192: 11190: 11187: 11185: 11182: 11180: 11177: 11175: 11172: 11170: 11167: 11165: 11162: 11161: 11159: 11153: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11131:E. Lee Spence 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11111:Margaret Rule 11109: 11107: 11104: 11102: 11099: 11097: 11094: 11092: 11089: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11072: 11069: 11067: 11064: 11062: 11059: 11057: 11054: 11052: 11049: 11047: 11044: 11042: 11041:Graham Jessop 11039: 11037: 11036:David Gibbins 11034: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11024: 11022: 11019: 11017: 11014: 11012: 11009: 11007: 11004: 11002: 10999: 10997: 10996:Eugenie Clark 10994: 10992: 10989: 10987: 10984: 10982: 10979: 10977: 10974: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10958: 10956: 10946: 10940: 10937: 10935: 10932: 10930: 10927: 10925: 10922: 10920: 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10892: 10890: 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10874: 10868: 10864: 10860: 10855: 10851: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10818: 10816: 10812: 10803: 10800: 10798: 10795: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10778: 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10749: 10747: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10733: 10731: 10730: 10728: 10724:organisations 10720: 10714: 10711: 10710: 10708: 10704: 10698: 10695: 10693: 10690: 10688: 10685: 10683: 10680: 10678: 10675: 10674: 10672: 10668: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10648: 10646: 10642: 10636: 10633: 10629: 10628:United States 10626: 10624: 10621: 10620: 10619: 10616: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10603: 10602: 10599: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10589: 10588: 10586: 10582: 10576: 10573: 10572: 10570: 10566: 10562: 10558: 10553: 10549: 10535: 10532: 10531: 10529: 10523: 10517: 10514: 10512: 10509: 10507: 10504: 10503: 10501: 10495: 10480: 10477: 10474: 10471: 10468: 10465: 10462: 10459: 10456: 10453: 10450: 10447: 10446: 10444: 10438: 10431: 10428: 10425: 10422: 10419: 10416: 10413: 10410: 10407: 10404: 10401: 10398: 10395: 10392: 10389: 10386: 10383: 10380: 10377: 10374: 10371: 10368: 10365: 10362: 10361: 10359: 10355:certification 10351: 10345: 10342: 10339: 10336: 10335: 10333: 10329:certification 10325: 10319: 10316: 10313: 10310: 10307: 10304: 10301: 10298: 10295: 10292: 10289: 10286: 10283: 10280: 10277: 10274: 10271: 10268: 10265: 10262: 10259: 10256: 10253: 10250: 10247: 10244: 10241: 10238: 10235: 10232: 10229: 10226: 10223: 10220: 10217: 10214: 10211: 10208: 10205: 10202: 10199: 10196: 10193: 10190: 10187: 10184: 10181: 10178: 10175: 10172: 10169: 10166: 10163: 10160: 10157: 10154: 10151: 10148: 10147: 10145: 10141:certification 10135: 10128: 10125: 10122: 10119: 10116: 10113: 10110: 10107: 10106: 10104: 10100:certification 10096: 10090: 10087: 10085: 10082: 10081: 10079: 10073: 10067: 10064: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10051: 10048: 10045: 10042: 10041: 10039: 10035:certification 10031: 10024: 10021: 10019: 10016: 10014: 10011: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9997: 9994: 9991: 9988: 9985: 9982: 9979: 9976: 9975: 9973: 9971: 9970:organisations 9966:certification 9961: 9951: 9948: 9946: 9943: 9942: 9940: 9936: 9928: 9925: 9924: 9923: 9920: 9916: 9913: 9912: 9911: 9908: 9907: 9905: 9901: 9895: 9892: 9890: 9887: 9885: 9882: 9880: 9877: 9875: 9872: 9870: 9867: 9865: 9862: 9860: 9857: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9845: 9842: 9840: 9837:certification 9830: 9820: 9817: 9815: 9812: 9806: 9803: 9802: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9779: 9776: 9774: 9771: 9770: 9769: 9766: 9764: 9761: 9759: 9756: 9754: 9751: 9750: 9748: 9744: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9725:Muscle memory 9723: 9722: 9721: 9718: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9705: 9704: 9701: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9678: 9676: 9674: 9673:Diving school 9671: 9669: 9666: 9664: 9661: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9643: 9641: 9640: 9638: 9636: 9630: 9626: 9619: 9615: 9601: 9600: 9598: 9596: 9592: 9586: 9583: 9582: 9580: 9576: 9570: 9569: 9565: 9563: 9562: 9561:Shadow Divers 9558: 9556: 9555: 9554:The Last Dive 9551: 9549: 9548: 9544: 9542: 9541: 9537: 9536: 9534: 9530: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9505: 9503: 9499:Standards and 9497: 9491: 9490: 9486: 9484: 9483: 9479: 9477: 9476: 9472: 9470: 9469: 9465: 9463: 9462: 9458: 9456: 9455: 9451: 9449: 9448: 9444: 9442: 9441: 9437: 9435: 9434: 9430: 9429: 9427: 9423: 9419: 9412: 9408: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9367: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9350: 9349:Agnes Milowka 9347: 9345: 9342: 9340: 9337: 9335: 9332: 9330: 9327: 9325: 9322: 9318: 9315: 9314: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9295: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9283: 9280: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9263: 9260: 9258: 9255: 9253: 9250: 9248: 9245: 9243: 9240: 9239: 9237: 9235: 9229: 9223: 9220: 9218: 9215: 9213: 9210: 9208: 9205: 9203: 9200: 9198: 9195: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9176: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9141: 9140:Roger Baldwin 9138: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9126: 9120: 9118: 9114: 9112: 9110: 9106: 9104: 9102: 9098: 9096: 9094: 9090: 9088: 9086: 9082: 9080: 9078: 9074: 9072: 9070: 9066: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9054: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9037:Audrey Mestre 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9015: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8995: 8993: 8989: 8983: 8980: 8978: 8975: 8974: 8972: 8970:Diver rescues 8968: 8962: 8961: 8956: 8955: 8953: 8950: 8946: 8943: 8939: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8909: 8907: 8903: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8882: 8876: 8875: 8870: 8868: 8865: 8864: 8862: 8856: 8846: 8843: 8841: 8838: 8836: 8833: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8805:Human torpedo 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8787: 8785: 8783: 8775: 8769: 8768:Vintage scuba 8766: 8764: 8761: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8738: 8733: 8731: 8730: 8725: 8723: 8720: 8719: 8717: 8711: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8627: 8625: 8622: 8620: 8617: 8615: 8612: 8610: 8607: 8605: 8602: 8600: 8597: 8595: 8592: 8590: 8587: 8585: 8582: 8580: 8577: 8575: 8574:William Beebe 8572: 8570: 8567: 8566: 8564: 8562:and inventors 8558: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8543: 8541: 8535: 8529: 8528: 8524: 8522: 8521: 8517: 8515: 8514: 8509: 8507: 8506: 8501: 8500: 8498: 8494:Archeological 8492: 8486: 8483: 8481: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8471: 8468: 8466: 8463: 8461: 8458: 8456: 8453: 8451: 8448: 8446: 8443: 8442: 8439: 8435: 8430: 8426: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8406: 8403: 8401: 8398: 8396: 8393: 8391: 8388: 8387: 8384: 8377: 8373: 8354: 8351: 8348: 8345: 8342: 8339: 8336: 8333: 8331: 8328: 8326: 8323: 8321: 8318: 8316: 8313: 8310: 8307: 8304: 8301: 8298: 8295: 8292: 8289: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8277: 8275: 8273:organisations 8267: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8221: 8218: 8216: 8213: 8211: 8208: 8206: 8203: 8201: 8198: 8196: 8193: 8191: 8188: 8186: 8183: 8181: 8178: 8176: 8173: 8171: 8168: 8166: 8163: 8161: 8158: 8156: 8153: 8151: 8148: 8146: 8143: 8141: 8138: 8136: 8133: 8132: 8130: 8128: 8120: 8117: 8113: 8107: 8104: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8088: 8086: 8082: 8076: 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8051: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8020: 8017: 8015: 8012: 8011: 8009: 8005: 7995: 7992: 7990: 7987: 7985: 7982: 7980: 7977: 7975: 7972: 7970: 7967: 7965: 7962: 7960: 7957: 7956: 7954: 7948: 7938: 7935: 7934: 7932: 7928:Breathing gas 7926: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7911: 7909: 7905: 7899: 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7863: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7853: 7851: 7847: 7841: 7838: 7836: 7833: 7831: 7828: 7826: 7823: 7822: 7820: 7816: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7793: 7790: 7788: 7785: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7777:Barodontalgia 7775: 7773: 7772:Aerosinusitis 7770: 7768: 7765: 7764: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7757:Barostriction 7755: 7753: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7741: 7735: 7732: 7730: 7727: 7725: 7722: 7720: 7717: 7716: 7714: 7712: 7706: 7702: 7698: 7693: 7689: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7617: 7615: 7613: 7605: 7597: 7594: 7593: 7592: 7589: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7575: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7566: 7564: 7558: 7552: 7549: 7547: 7544: 7542: 7539: 7537: 7534: 7532: 7529: 7527: 7524: 7522: 7519: 7517: 7514: 7512: 7509: 7508: 7506: 7504: 7500: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7462: 7459: 7458: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7445: 7442: 7440: 7437: 7435: 7432: 7431: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7423: 7421: 7419: 7413: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7392: 7389: 7387: 7384: 7382: 7379: 7377: 7374: 7372: 7369: 7367: 7364: 7362: 7359: 7357: 7354: 7350: 7347: 7345: 7342: 7341: 7340: 7339:Dive planning 7337: 7335: 7332: 7330: 7329:Dive briefing 7327: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7309: 7308: 7307:Decompression 7305: 7301: 7298: 7297: 7296: 7293: 7289: 7286: 7285: 7284: 7281: 7277: 7274: 7273: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7264: 7258: 7248: 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7203: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7189:Trait anxiety 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7166: 7165: 7164: 7161: 7157: 7154: 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7142: 7139: 7137: 7136:Decompression 7134: 7132: 7129: 7128: 7126: 7122: 7119: 7117: 7114: 7112: 7109: 7107: 7104: 7103: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7092: 7089: 7087: 7084: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7068: 7067: 7066:Environmental 7064: 7062: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7048: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7003: 7000: 6996: 6995:Diving safety 6991: 6987: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6964: 6962: 6960:and festivals 6958:Diving events 6956: 6950: 6947: 6945: 6942: 6940: 6939:Shark tourism 6937: 6935: 6932: 6930: 6927: 6925: 6922: 6920: 6917: 6915: 6912: 6910: 6907: 6906: 6904: 6898: 6891: 6888: 6885: 6882: 6879: 6876: 6873: 6870: 6867: 6864: 6861: 6858: 6855: 6852: 6849: 6846: 6843: 6840: 6837: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6828:organisations 6823: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6758: 6756: 6752: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6727: 6724: 6720: 6715: 6711: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6666: 6663: 6662: 6660: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6625: 6619: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6602: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6592: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6577:Water jetting 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6567:Thermal lance 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6535: 6534: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6514: 6512: 6506: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6486: 6484: 6482: 6476: 6466: 6465: 6461: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6451: 6450: 6445: 6443: 6442: 6438: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6429: 6428: 6423: 6421: 6420: 6415: 6413: 6412: 6408: 6406: 6405: 6401: 6399: 6398: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6384: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6366: 6363: 6362: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6344: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6322: 6319: 6318: 6317: 6314: 6312: 6309: 6307: 6306:Sponge diving 6304: 6302: 6299: 6297: 6294: 6292: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6282: 6281:Police diving 6279: 6277: 6276:Pearl hunting 6274: 6272: 6269: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6244:Hazmat diving 6242: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6219: 6217: 6215: 6209: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6169:US Navy SEALs 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6040: 6037: 6035: 6032: 6030: 6027: 6025: 6022: 6020: 6019:JW Komandosów 6017: 6015: 6012: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5980: 5977: 5975: 5972: 5970: 5967: 5965: 5962: 5960: 5957: 5955: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5947: 5939: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5887: 5885: 5883: 5877: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5805: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5795: 5793: 5789: 5785: 5781: 5776: 5772: 5758: 5755: 5753: 5750: 5748: 5745: 5743: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5724: 5722: 5720:Organisations 5718: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5650: 5648: 5644: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5627:Danai Varveri 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5577:Annelie Pompe 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5517:Audrey Mestre 5515: 5513: 5512:Jacques Mayol 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5477:Pierre Frolla 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5417:Sara Campbell 5415: 5413: 5412:Michael Board 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5388: 5382: 5379: 5375: 5372: 5371: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5330: 5322: 5319: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5280:Dynamic apnea 5278: 5275: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5263: 5260: 5259: 5257: 5255: 5254:Vertical Blue 5252: 5250: 5247: 5246: 5244: 5240: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5202: 5199: 5198: 5197: 5196:Pearl hunting 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5125: 5124: 5121: 5119: 5116: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5103: 5102: 5101:Diving spread 5099: 5098: 5096: 5092: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5035: 5032: 5030: 5027: 5025: 5022: 5020: 5017: 5015: 5012: 5010: 5007: 5005: 5002: 5000: 4997: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4989:ROV KIEL 6000 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4911: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4872: 4870: 4868: 4862: 4854: 4851: 4850: 4849: 4846: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4823: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4760: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4733:Decompression 4730: 4724: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4713: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4696: 4695: 4692: 4690: 4687: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4651: 4648: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4625: 4624: 4621: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4578: 4577: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4567:Breathing gas 4565: 4559: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4544: 4541: 4539: 4536: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4524: 4523:Diving ladder 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4506: 4505: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4486: 4482: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4347:René Cavalero 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4317: 4315:manufacturers 4309: 4299: 4296: 4294: 4291: 4289: 4286: 4284: 4281: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4250: 4244: 4241: 4239: 4236: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4226: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4209: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4199: 4196: 4194: 4191: 4189: 4186: 4184: 4181: 4179: 4176: 4174: 4171: 4169: 4166: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4156: 4154: 4151: 4149: 4148:Carleton CDBA 4146: 4144: 4141: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4102: 4099: 4098: 4097: 4094: 4092: 4089: 4087: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4078: 4077: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4063: 4057: 4054: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4016: 4013: 4012: 4011: 4010:Diving helmet 4008: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3995: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3973: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3939:Distance line 3937: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3921:Safety helmet 3919: 3917: 3916:Rescue tether 3914: 3912: 3909: 3905: 3902: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3887:Bailout block 3885: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3866: 3863: 3862: 3861: 3858: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3848:Diver's knife 3846: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3839: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3813: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3800: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3751: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3694:Dive computer 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3653: 3652: 3649: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3629:Orinasal mask 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3617: 3616: 3615: 3614:Diving helmet 3612: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3604: 3598: 3590: 3587: 3585: 3582: 3581: 3580: 3577: 3575: 3572: 3568: 3565: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3558: 3555: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3542: 3541: 3538: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3529: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3517:Jersey upline 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3497:Dive computer 3495: 3493: 3490: 3488: 3485: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3467:Decompression 3464: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3440:Ankle weights 3438: 3437: 3436: 3433: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3415: 3414: 3411: 3410: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3350:Breathing air 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3333: 3332:Breathing gas 3329: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3309: 3307: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3276: 3272: 3264: 3261: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3251: 3249: 3246: 3244: 3241: 3239: 3236: 3234: 3231: 3229: 3226: 3225: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3215: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3196: 3194: 3189: 3187: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3157: 3151: 3144: 3138: 3134: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3093: 3086: 3078: 3074: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3056: 3052: 3048: 3044: 3037: 3029: 3027:3-932470-01-X 3023: 3019: 3018: 3010: 2994: 2990: 2986: 2980: 2973: 2969: 2964: 2957: 2951: 2949: 2934: 2930: 2924: 2916: 2910: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2864: 2862: 2860: 2844: 2843: 2836: 2828: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2809: 2793: 2789: 2782: 2774: 2770: 2764: 2748: 2741: 2733: 2727: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2681: 2679: 2677: 2668: 2662: 2647: 2643: 2636: 2628: 2622: 2607: 2603: 2598: 2591: 2582: 2563: 2556: 2549: 2540: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2511: 2507: 2501: 2493: 2487: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2456: 2452: 2445: 2437: 2431: 2427: 2420: 2418: 2409: 2403: 2388: 2384: 2381:(4): 379–84. 2380: 2376: 2372: 2365: 2357: 2351: 2336: 2332: 2325: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2307:0-9752290-1-X 2303: 2299: 2295: 2288: 2272: 2265: 2257: 2255:0-9678873-2-1 2251: 2247: 2240: 2238: 2236: 2227: 2221: 2206: 2201: 2194: 2186: 2180: 2165: 2161: 2157: 2153: 2149: 2145: 2141: 2134: 2120: 2118:3-932470-01-X 2114: 2110: 2109: 2101: 2093: 2087: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2060: 2053: 2039:on 2007-09-28 2038: 2034: 2027: 2019: 2013: 1998: 1994: 1987: 1979: 1973: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1935: 1927: 1925:0-7020-2571-2 1921: 1917: 1910: 1895: 1889: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1871:0-7020-2571-2 1867: 1863: 1856: 1849: 1843: 1836: 1830: 1822: 1820:0-941332-70-5 1816: 1812: 1807: 1806: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1783: 1774: 1768: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1737: 1730: 1722: 1720:0-7020-2571-2 1716: 1712: 1705: 1697: 1691: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1637: 1622: 1618: 1611: 1603: 1597: 1582: 1578: 1574: 1567: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1553: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1545: 1543: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1535: 1526: 1520: 1502: 1501: 1493: 1491: 1476: 1472: 1466: 1458: 1452: 1437: 1436: 1428: 1426: 1424: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1394: 1392: 1377: 1373: 1367: 1353: 1349: 1343: 1339: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1281: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1226: 1225: 1219: 1217: 1207: 1205: 1200: 1196: 1194: 1189: 1187: 1184:In 1996, the 1182: 1179: 1176: 1170: 1169:dive computer 1166: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1150: 1147:In 1993, the 1145: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1098: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1078: 1075: 1073: 1068: 1066: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1024: 1022: 1012: 1009: 1004: 1000: 995: 991: 987: 983: 978: 969: 967: 962: 958: 951: 948: 945: 942: 939: 938: 937: 933: 929: 925: 916: 908: 905: 892: 886:United States 883: 881: 876: 867: 865: 861: 851: 837: 834: 831: 817: 812: 809: 803: 799: 796: 792: 789: 784: 781: 778: 774: 770: 769: 768: 764: 730: 725: 715: 710: 699: 693: 683: 678: 667: 659: 658: 657: 648: 646: 642: 638: 633: 630: 625: 623: 619: 615: 611: 606: 604: 603:dive computer 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 577:(right side). 576: 572: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 540: 529: 525: 515: 508: 505: 502: 499: 498: 497: 488: 478: 476: 472: 467: 460: 456: 452: 448: 445: 440: 431: 428: 418: 416: 412: 406: 402: 392: 388: 386: 382: 371: 369: 365: 360: 354: 340: 331: 329: 324: 320: 314:Other effects 311: 302: 299: 295: 292:rritability, 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 266: 264: 259: 252: 247: 245: 237: 233: 221: 217: 209: 203: 193: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 168: 158: 156: 151: 144: 140: 136: 125: 115: 113: 108: 106: 102: 98: 93: 91: 87: 83: 82:decompression 79: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 43: 37: 33: 19: 13392: 13380: 13368: 13361: 13353: 13346: 13334: 13322: 13097:Steinke hood 13059:Escape trunk 13015: 12994: 12980: 12972: 12963: 12893: 12885: 12878:Shinkai 6500 12877: 12870:Shinkai 2000 12869: 12861: 12853: 12844: 12837: 12830: 12823: 12815: 12807: 12800: 12793: 12786: 12779: 12770: 12762: 12754: 12737: 12720: 12712: 12586:Wreck diving 12542:Night diving 12471:environments 12247:Keith Jessop 12216:Lionel Crabb 12195:Rick Stanton 12169:John Mattera 12149:Bob Halstead 12144:Bret Gilliam 12139:Gary Gentile 12129:Victor Berge 12103:Reid Wiseman 12023:Nicole Stott 11988:Josef Schmid 11978:Tara Ruttley 11923:Karen Nyberg 11903:Jessica Meir 11783:David Gruber 11748:Albert Falco 11733:Sylvia Earle 11668:Justin Brown 11573:Leigh Bishop 11432:Brian Skerry 11417:Pierre Petit 11407:Steve Parish 11397:Noel Monkman 11377:Rudie Kuiter 11357:Peter Gimbel 11254:Andrew Wight 11174:Mark Ellyatt 11155:Scuba record 11096:Richard Pyle 11006:Sylvia Earle 10991:Cathy Church 10986:Hugh Bradner 10981:Louis Boutan 10976:Mensun Bound 10814:Competitions 10682:Sport diving 10591:Spearfishing 10137:Recreational 9945:Rescue Diver 9833:Recreational 9790:Scuba skills 9768:Ear clearing 9730:Overlearning 9566: 9559: 9552: 9545: 9538: 9487: 9480: 9473: 9466: 9459: 9452: 9445: 9438: 9431: 9415:Publications 9257:David Bright 9252:Allan Bridge 9232:Scuba diving 9145:John Bennett 9129:Professional 9116: 9108: 9100: 9092: 9085:Star Canopus 9084: 9077:Drill Master 9076: 9068: 9032:Loïc Leferme 8991:Early diving 8959: 8873: 8858:Military and 8840:Welfreighter 8815:Necker Nymph 8736: 8728: 8689:Gordon Smith 8644:Peter Kreeft 8634:Émile Gagnan 8629:Henry Fleuss 8527:Whydah Gally 8525: 8518: 8512: 8504: 8400:Duty of care 8245:John Rawlins 8160:Robert Boyle 8127:and medicine 7984:Laryngospasm 7930:contaminants 7767:Air embolism 7734:Surfer's ear 7608:Occupational 7468:Incident pit 7456:Risk control 7386:Night diving 7376:Drift diving 7361:Diver rescue 7295:Buddy diving 7242:Hyperthermia 7205:Consequences 7184:Task loading 7036:Water safety 6816:Wreck diving 6463: 6457:Royal George 6456: 6448: 6440: 6433: 6426: 6418: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6271:Media diving 6004:Jagdkommando 5910:Minentaucher 5855:Police diver 5813:Hazmat diver 5602:Walter Steyn 5547:Dave Mullins 5507:Enzo Maiorca 5502:Loïc Leferme 5467:Emma Farrell 5437:Robert Croft 5432:Carlos Coste 5304:Static apnea 5258:Disciplines 5242:Competitions 5213:Spearfishing 5014:Seafox drone 4795:Diving stage 4773:Clump weight 4650:Gas blending 4618:Diver's pump 4603:Booster pump 4533:Diving stage 4457:Siebe Gorman 4432:Morse Diving 4183:Halcyon RB80 4066:Open-circuit 3766:Diving stage 3704:Diving watch 3684:Bottom timer 3512:Diving stage 3450:Trim weights 3404:Buoyancy and 3379: 3243:Scuba diving 3223:Diving modes 3155: 3150: 3137: 3102: 3098: 3085: 3050: 3046: 3036: 3016: 3009: 2997:. Retrieved 2993:the original 2988: 2979: 2971: 2963: 2936:. Retrieved 2923: 2909:cite journal 2898:. Retrieved 2877: 2873: 2847:. Retrieved 2841: 2835: 2818: 2814: 2808: 2796:. Retrieved 2791: 2781: 2772: 2763: 2751:. Retrieved 2740: 2726:cite journal 2715:. Retrieved 2694: 2690: 2661:cite journal 2650:. Retrieved 2645: 2635: 2621:cite journal 2610:. Retrieved 2600: 2590: 2581: 2569:. Retrieved 2562:the original 2548: 2539: 2513:. Retrieved 2509: 2500: 2486:cite journal 2475:. Retrieved 2458: 2454: 2444: 2425: 2402:cite journal 2391:. Retrieved 2378: 2374: 2364: 2350:cite journal 2339:. Retrieved 2334: 2324: 2297: 2287: 2275:. Retrieved 2264: 2245: 2220:cite journal 2209:. Retrieved 2203: 2193: 2179:cite journal 2168:. Retrieved 2147: 2143: 2133: 2122:. Retrieved 2107: 2100: 2086:cite journal 2069: 2065: 2052: 2041:. Retrieved 2037:the original 2026: 2012:cite journal 2001:. Retrieved 1996: 1986: 1972:cite journal 1961:. Retrieved 1948: 1944: 1934: 1915: 1909: 1898:. 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Retrieved 1351: 1342: 1280:Gas blending 1213: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1190: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1175:of 1.5 ATA. 1160: 1158: 1154: 1146: 1123: 1120: 1114: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1094: 1082:Morgan Wells 1079: 1076: 1069: 1062: 1059: 1046:World War II 1043: 1037: 1025: 1021:Henry Fleuss 1018: 979: 975: 963: 959: 955: 934: 930: 926: 922: 914: 904:oxygen clean 903: 901: 877: 873: 870:South Africa 863: 857: 848: 835: 827: 766: 763:Gas blending 654: 637:open circuit 634: 626: 607: 580: 568:side mounted 512: 490: 468: 457: 453: 449: 441: 437: 424: 408: 389: 377: 359:scuba diving 356: 325: 321: 317: 308: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 267: 260: 248: 205: 170: 146: 109: 94: 89: 70:scuba diving 49: 48: 13131:CMAS Europe 13092:Momsen lung 12732:Bathyscaphe 12660:Bathysphere 12569:Cave diving 12537:Muck diving 12522:Deep diving 12350:Blood shift 12164:Steve Lewis 11998:Dewey Smith 11958:Marc Reagan 11838:Scott Kelly 11833:Les Kaufman 11743:Sheck Exley 11728:Pedro Duque 11518:Martyn Farr 11513:Sheck Exley 11467:John Veltri 11402:Pete Oxford 11387:Luis Marden 11362:Monty Halls 11347:Ric Frazier 11244:Andy Torbet 11224:Ramón Bravo 11179:Sheck Exley 11126:Myriam Seco 11026:Honor Frost 10971:George Bass 10934:Teseo Tesei 10909:Billy Deans 10889:Mary Bonnin 10752:AIDA Hellas 10644:Breath-hold 10575:Finswimming 10331:authorities 10098:Free-diving 10037:authorities 9910:Dive leader 9595:Dive guides 9489:Basic Scuba 9389:Josef Velek 9379:Rob Stewart 9374:Dewey Smith 9339:Yuri Lipski 9312:Steve Irwin 9292:Sheck Exley 9287:Milan Dufek 9282:Deon Dreyer 9187:Per Skipnes 9101:Venture One 8927:NOGI Awards 8539:and artists 7969:Hypothermia 7914:Hypercapnia 7849:Inert gases 7503:Diving team 7406:Wall diving 7401:Solo diving 7300:buddy check 7283:Boat diving 7237:Hypercapnia 7227:Hypothermia 7151:Seasickness 7096:Wave action 6967:Diversnight 6909:Dive center 6801:Solo diving 6781:Muck diving 6771:Deep diving 6766:Cave diving 6754:Specialties 6595:Limpet mine 6557:Lifting bag 6481:contractors 6227:Dive leader 6099:Shayetet 13 5850:Media diver 5791:Occupations 5685:Hypothermia 5680:Hypercapnia 5522:Karol Meyer 5427:Goran Čolak 5344:Diving suit 5339:Diving mask 5249:Nordic Deep 5055:Diving shot 4999:Scorpio ROV 4768:Closed bell 4763:Bell cursor 4758:Diving bell 4518:Diving bell 4407:Oscar Gugen 4108:Pony bottle 3954:Line marker 3931:Snoopy loop 3872:Diving bell 3821:Pony bottle 3754:Closed bell 3749:Diving bell 3689:Depth gauge 3651:Diving mask 3562:Sladen suit 3532:Diving suit 3507:Diving shot 3502:Diving bell 3455:Weight belt 3340:Bailout gas 3312:Diving mask 2571:20 December 2515:29 February 1278:Methods of 1057:the 1960s. 794:variations. 788:oxygen cell 571:stage tanks 566:setup with 562:. Note the 560:Philippines 471:gas blender 434:Terminology 54:gas mixture 32:wikt:nitrox 13356:Dive sites 13181:Reef Check 13176:PADI AWARE 13146:Green Fins 13079:Escape set 12771:Trieste II 12581:Ice diving 12342:physiology 12108:Kimiya Yui 11823:Emma Hwang 11698:Robin Cook 11588:Bill Nagle 11553:Bill Stone 11496:Underwater 11452:Ron Taylor 11412:Zale Parry 11342:Rodney Fox 11297:Eric Cheng 11272:Doug Allan 11263:Underwater 11205:filmmakers 11203:Underwater 11184:Nuno Gomes 11169:Jim Bowden 11051:Pilar Luna 10950:scientists 10948:Underwater 10706:Rebreather 10661:Freediving 9950:Solo diver 9915:Divemaster 9763:Diver trim 9547:Goldfinder 9307:Guy Garman 9234:fatalities 9133:fatalities 9020:fatalities 9018:Freediving 8960:Conception 8896:Mission 31 8845:Wet Nellie 8780:propulsion 8713:Historical 8679:Joe Savoie 8624:Ted Eldred 8609:John Deane 7919:Hypocapnia 7762:Barotrauma 7610:safety and 7483:Redundancy 7418:management 7263:procedures 7212:Barotrauma 7169:competence 7102:Equipment 6776:Ice diving 6622:Underwater 6586:Underwater 6536:Brush cart 6212:Underwater 6009:JW Formoza 5820:Divemaster 5694:Historical 5653:Barotrauma 5622:Fatma Uruk 5587:Tom Sietas 5572:Liv Philip 5390:Freedivers 5208:Snorkeling 5186:Freediving 5169:Activities 5158:Freediving 5106:Air spread 4969:Kaşif ROUV 4944:Deep Drone 4865:Underwater 4841:Subskimmer 4836:Liveaboard 4596:Silica gel 4513:Diver lift 4387:Drägerwerk 4372:Dive Xtras 4357:Cressi-Sub 3998:Burst disc 3976:Underwater 3964:Silt screw 3838:Dive light 3833:Buddy line 3699:Dive timer 3584:Dive skins 3423:Dump valve 3390:Travel gas 3345:Bottom gas 3248:Snorkeling 3233:Freediving 3156:Skin Diver 2938:2015-12-31 2900:2008-05-02 2849:2008-04-24 2798:14 January 2717:2008-05-02 2652:2008-06-05 2612:2011-01-11 2477:2009-02-28 2465:: 145–51. 2393:2008-05-01 2341:2008-05-01 2211:2013-05-16 2170:2008-05-02 2124:2022-04-15 2043:2015-07-27 2003:2009-05-21 1963:2008-05-02 1900:2009-05-21 1758:2009-01-27 1681:2008-04-08 1587:2014-03-21 1510:2015-07-31 1480:2024-09-16 1442:2008-05-02 1381:2024-09-16 1357:2024-09-16 1334:References 1161:Skin Diver 1115:Skin Diver 1111:Skin Diver 761:See also: 757:Production 537:See also: 522:See also: 288:witching, 133:See also: 122:See also: 107:and fire. 13354:Indexes: 12854:Sea Cliff 12787:Ictineu 3 12738:Archimède 12713:Aluminaut 12043:Bill Todd 11948:Tim Peake 11808:Paul Hill 11610:Aquanauts 11543:Tom Mount 11498:explorers 11367:Hans Hass 11317:Ben Cropp 11249:Ivan Tors 11239:Paul Rose 10924:Hans Hass 10872:of diving 10748:National 10651:Aquathlon 10606:Australia 10296:(ScotSAC) 9364:Dave Shaw 9324:Jim Jones 9061:incidents 8951:incidents 8949:Dive boat 8941:Incidents 8722:Aqua-Lung 8715:equipment 8560:Engineers 8546:The Diver 8505:Commodore 8150:Paul Bert 8084:Screening 8053:Personnel 8019:First aid 8007:Treatment 7950:Immersion 7830:Hyperoxia 7809:Dysbarism 7711:disorders 7560:Equipment 7426:Checklist 7317:Pyle stop 6642:Powerhead 6610:Polespear 6510:equipment 6508:Tools and 6441:Mary Rose 6427:Lusitania 6419:Laurentic 5354:Polespear 5332:Equipment 5176:Aquathlon 4994:ROV PHOCA 4964:Kaikō ROV 4821:Dive boat 4814:Platforms 4735:equipment 4662:Gas panel 4586:Hopcalite 4558:Moon pool 4402:Technisub 4352:Cis-Lunar 4322:AP Diving 4313:equipment 4278:Gas panel 4118:Sidemount 4076:Scuba set 3980:apparatus 3978:breathing 3949:Dive reel 3828:Bolt snap 3804:equipment 3781:PowerSwim 3737:equipment 3666:Half mask 3656:Band mask 3602:and masks 3574:Rash vest 3469:equipment 3370:Hydreliox 3130:Footnotes 2886:0813-1988 2753:2 October 2703:0813-1988 2156:0813-1988 1659:0093-5387 1519:cite book 1451:cite book 1247:Hydreliox 1210:In nature 1191:In 1997, 1159:In 1993, 1124:In 1992, 1080:In 1970, 1026:In 1911, 1019:In 1874, 816:adsorbent 518:Equipment 90:the bends 13410:Category 13348:Glossary 13324:Category 13117:interest 12824:Losharik 12801:Jiaolong 12763:Sea Pole 12178:Rescuers 10884:Aquanaut 10870:Pioneers 10623:Colombia 10414:(ProTec) 10357:agencies 10266:(ProTec) 10194:(FFESSM) 10143:agencies 10102:agencies 9635:training 9578:Research 9513:DIN 7876 9117:Wildrake 9057:Offshore 8782:vehicles 8343:(SAUHMA) 8271:research 8115:Research 7964:Drowning 7959:Asphyxia 7881:Taravana 7743:Pressure 7334:Dive log 7222:Drowning 7167:Lack of 7106:Freeflow 7091:Silt out 7086:Overhead 6902:industry 6874:(FFESSM) 6600:Speargun 6411:La Belle 5942:Military 5880:Military 5658:Drowning 5369:Swimfins 5364:Speargun 5075:Jackstay 5019:SeaPerch 4949:Épaulard 4783:Wet bell 4743:Air-lock 4569:handling 4543:Jackstay 4538:Downline 4447:Porpoise 4263:Air line 4223:Porpoise 3899:Lifeline 3788:Towboard 3759:Wet bell 3735:Mobility 3609:Anti-fog 3557:Dry suit 3550:Newtsuit 3545:JIM suit 3077:11539776 2894:16986801 2749:. Luxfer 2711:16986801 2471:22692708 2316:66524750 2164:16986801 2140:"Nitrox" 2078:23111908 1957:14756231 1880:51607923 1300:Lean air 1222:See also 1165:DiveRite 1095:In 1985 802:nitrogen 651:Best mix 635:In deep 251:buoyancy 58:nitrogen 13382:Outline 13336:Commons 13201:SeaKeys 13115:Special 13022:SRV-300 12979:DSRV-2 12971:DSRV-1 12862:Shinkai 12838:Nautile 12755:Harmony 12704:vehicle 12293:physics 12209:Frogmen 11569:Wrecks 11157:holders 10396:(IANTD) 10218:(IANTD) 10188:(FEDAS) 10077:schools 10025:(WRSTC) 9986:(IDRCF) 9425:Manuals 8748:Nikonos 8735:SP-350 8729:Calypso 8513:Monitor 8337:(SPUMS) 7952:related 7835:Hypoxia 7745:related 7541:Gas man 7511:Bellman 7232:Hypoxia 7076:Delta-P 7071:Current 7053:hazards 6868:(FEDAS) 6632:Gyrojet 6624:firearm 6588:weapons 6550:Pigging 6522:Airlift 6449:Monitor 6194:UNGERIN 6029:KOPASKA 6014:JW GROM 5989:Fukuryu 5905:Frogman 5845:Haenyeo 5646:Hazards 5374:Monofin 5191:Haenyeo 5094:General 5080:Jonline 4984:OpenROV 4867:habitat 4342:Beuchat 4173:Dolphin 3793:Wet sub 3776:Monofin 3771:Swimfin 3600:Helmets 3579:Wetsuit 3522:Jonline 3322:Swimfin 3317:Snorkel 3119:9510518 3055:Bibcode 2999:28 July 2277:28 July 1752:7742709 1667:2068005 1050:frogmen 1028:Draeger 1015:History 911:Hazards 854:Germany 819:reused. 645:hypoxia 641:hypoxic 284:ausea, 270:acronym 13394:Portal 13370:Diving 13363:Divers 13119:groups 13016:Remora 12981:Avalon 12973:Mystic 12964:Mystic 12892:DSV-5 12886:Turtle 12845:Pisces 12808:Konsul 12749:FNRS-3 12744:FNRS-2 12612:Impact 12469:Diving 12402:theory 12340:Diving 12291:Diving 11559:Reefs 11504:Caves 10611:Turkey 10475:(NAUI) 10451:(CDAA) 10442:diving 10420:(RAID) 10408:(PDIC) 10402:(PADI) 10390:(FIAS) 10384:(DSAT) 10378:(CMAS) 10372:(BSAC) 10366:(ANDI) 10340:(AAUS) 10308:(TSSF) 10272:(RAID) 10260:(PDIC) 10254:(PADI) 10242:(NAUI) 10236:(NASE) 10230:(TIDF) 10212:(IAHD) 10200:(FIAS) 10182:(CMAS) 10170:(BSAC) 10164:(ANMP) 10158:(ANDI) 10152:(ACUC) 10117:(CMAS) 10111:(AIDA) 10046:(ADAS) 10009:(NOAA) 9998:(IMCA) 9992:(IDSA) 9839:levels 9746:Skills 9131:diving 9059:diving 8737:Denise 8355:(NEDU) 8349:(UHMS) 8311:(EUBS) 8305:(EDTC) 8299:(DMAC) 8293:(DDRC) 7818:Oxygen 7709:Diving 7612:health 7562:safety 7261:Diving 7051:Diving 6892:(WKPP) 6886:(QRSS) 6880:(IAHD) 6862:(CMAS) 6844:(CDAA) 6838:(BSAC) 6690:QBS-06 6572:Tremie 6479:Diving 6404:Kronan 6034:MARCOS 5994:GRUMEC 5944:diving 5882:diving 5270:(CWTB) 4929:ABISMO 4895:SEALAB 4467:Suunto 4437:Nemrod 4412:Heinke 4311:Diving 4283:Hookah 4238:Salvus 3802:Safety 3395:Trimix 3385:Oxygen 3380:Nitrox 3375:Hydrox 3365:Heliox 3117: 3075: 3024: 2892: 2884: 2709: 2701: 2469: 2432: 2387:538866 2385: 2314: 2304: 2273:. ANDI 2252: 2162: 2154: 2115: 2076: 1955: 1922: 1878: 1868: 1817: 1750: 1717: 1675:734806 1673: 1665: 1657: 1259:Trimix 1253:Hydrox 1241:Heliox 1227:Other 1193:ProTec 773:oxygen 599:tables 575:oxygen 368:trimix 364:heliox 190:helium 186:heliox 182:trimix 141:, and 62:oxygen 50:Nitrox 13275:Other 13014:ASRV 12958:MSM-1 12721:Alvin 12650:Other 10481:(TDI) 10469:(CDG) 10463:(GUE) 10457:(CDG) 10432:(TXR) 10426:(TSA) 10314:(UDI) 10302:(SSI) 10290:(SEI) 10284:(SDI) 10278:(SAA) 10248:(NOB) 10224:(ILS) 10206:(GUE) 10176:(CFT) 10139:scuba 10129:(SSI) 10062:(HSE) 9980:(EUF) 9835:scuba 9633:Diver 9317:death 8778:Diver 8496:sites 8287:(DAN) 7724:Cramp 7179:Panic 6856:(CFT) 6850:(CDG) 6826:Diver 6489:COMEX 6397:Egypt 5946:units 5317:(VWT) 5306:(STA) 5300:(NLT) 5294:(FIM) 5288:(DNF) 5282:(DYN) 5276:(CNF) 5264:(CWT) 5123:Sonar 4427:Mares 4392:Fenzy 4377:Divex 4367:DESCO 4362:Dacor 4327:Apeks 4293:Snuba 4208:LAR-V 4203:LAR-6 4198:LAR-5 4188:IDA71 4068:scuba 3095:(PDF) 2880:(3). 2697:(3). 2565:(PDF) 2558:(PDF) 2461:(2). 2150:(3). 2062:(PDF) 1504:(PDF) 1235:Argox 1130:IANTD 999:IANTD 556:Bohol 216:toxic 12995:Priz 12894:Nemo 12884:DSV 12876:DSV 12868:DSV 12860:DSV 12852:DSV 12794:JAGO 12719:DSV 10440:Cave 10123:(PI) 8511:USS 7416:Risk 6464:Vasa 6455:HMS 6447:USS 6434:Mars 6425:RMS 6214:work 4939:CURV 4243:Siva 4213:LARU 4168:DSEA 4163:CUMA 3115:PMID 3073:PMID 3022:ISBN 3001:2015 2915:link 2890:OCLC 2882:ISSN 2815:JAMA 2800:2017 2755:2018 2732:link 2707:OCLC 2699:ISSN 2667:link 2627:link 2573:2023 2517:2020 2492:link 2467:PMID 2430:ISBN 2408:link 2383:PMID 2356:link 2312:OCLC 2302:ISBN 2279:2016 2250:ISBN 2226:link 2185:link 2160:OCLC 2152:ISSN 2113:ISBN 2092:link 2074:PMID 2018:link 1978:link 1953:PMID 1920:ISBN 1876:OCLC 1866:ISBN 1815:ISBN 1773:link 1748:PMID 1715:ISBN 1696:link 1671:PMID 1663:OCLC 1655:ISSN 1628:2014 1602:link 1525:link 1457:link 1142:NAUI 1126:BSAC 1052:and 1003:ANDI 1001:and 994:NAUI 992:and 986:CMAS 982:PADI 828:Any 800:: a 614:fire 526:and 403:and 366:and 334:Uses 230:and 174:HPNS 60:and 34:and 12953:LR7 12948:LR5 12831:Mir 8727:RV 8503:SS 8380:Law 6417:SS 6395:SS 5798:Ama 5701:Ama 5201:Ama 4228:Ray 3107:doi 3103:201 3063:doi 3051:289 2968:TDI 2823:doi 2819:116 2205:USA 1811:660 1044:In 990:SSI 720:max 688:max 591:bar 554:in 492:ppO 481:MOD 415:msw 184:or 13412:: 3113:. 3101:. 3097:. 3071:. 3061:. 3049:. 3045:. 2987:. 2970:, 2947:^ 2931:. 2911:}} 2907:{{ 2888:. 2878:26 2876:. 2872:. 2858:^ 2817:. 2790:. 2771:. 2728:}} 2724:{{ 2705:. 2695:26 2693:. 2689:. 2675:^ 2663:}} 2659:{{ 2644:. 2623:}} 2619:{{ 2604:. 2602:NC 2599:. 2525:^ 2508:. 2488:}} 2484:{{ 2459:38 2457:. 2453:. 2416:^ 2404:}} 2400:{{ 2377:. 2373:. 2352:}} 2348:{{ 2333:. 2310:. 2234:^ 2222:}} 2218:{{ 2202:. 2181:}} 2177:{{ 2158:. 2148:26 2146:. 2142:. 2088:}} 2084:{{ 2070:40 2068:. 2064:. 2014:}} 2010:{{ 1995:. 1974:}} 1970:{{ 1949:30 1947:. 1943:. 1874:. 1813:. 1781:^ 1769:}} 1765:{{ 1744:22 1742:. 1738:. 1692:}} 1688:{{ 1669:. 1661:. 1649:. 1645:. 1619:. 1598:}} 1594:{{ 1581:36 1579:. 1575:. 1533:^ 1521:}} 1517:{{ 1489:^ 1473:. 1453:}} 1449:{{ 1390:^ 1374:. 1350:. 988:, 984:, 860:EN 605:. 558:, 370:. 246:. 137:, 10804:) 10743:) 3199:e 3192:t 3185:v 3145:. 3121:. 3109:: 3079:. 3065:: 3057:: 3030:. 3003:. 2941:. 2917:) 2903:. 2852:. 2829:. 2825:: 2802:. 2775:. 2757:. 2734:) 2720:. 2669:) 2655:. 2629:) 2615:. 2575:. 2519:. 2494:) 2480:. 2438:. 2410:) 2396:. 2379:6 2358:) 2344:. 2318:. 2281:. 2258:. 2228:) 2214:. 2187:) 2173:. 2127:. 2094:) 2046:. 2020:) 2006:. 1980:) 1966:. 1928:. 1903:. 1882:. 1823:. 1775:) 1761:. 1723:. 1698:) 1684:. 1651:5 1630:. 1604:) 1590:. 1527:) 1513:. 1483:. 1459:) 1445:. 1384:. 1360:. 1173:2 898:) 896:2 864:N 731:= 726:p 716:, 711:2 706:O 700:p 694:= 684:, 679:2 674:O 668:f 494:2 463:2 298:C 294:D 290:I 286:T 282:N 278:E 274:V 255:2 240:2 228:2 224:2 212:2 38:. 20:)

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