Outlaw motorcycle club

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Biker Wars." The Quebec Biker Wars officially began on 13 July 1994, when three (3) masked-men shot and killed Pierre D'aoust (member of a Hells Angels-affiliated club called the Death Riders) at a motorcycle shop in Montreal. This ongoing feud largely stemmed over territory and the narcotics trade in Quebec, while also being fueled further by long-standing rivalries, deep-seated hatred and animosities between major players in the Quebec criminal underworld at that time. To provide a general idea of the criminal underworld involvement, it's essential to recall that the Hells Angels in Quebec at that time (i.e. 1994) were backed by Vito Rizzuto (of the Montreal Mafia), while the Rock Machine were affiliated with the criminal coalition known as the Alliance Against the Angels (otherwise known as the Dark Circle). The two central figures in the 1994 conflict were the leaders of the two warring gangs (Hells Angels and the Rock Machine): Maurice "Mom" Boucher (leader of Quebec's Hells Angels); and Salvatore Cazzetta (leader of the Rock Machine). The extreme levels of violence, assassinations, bombings, arson attacks, fly-by-fire attacks eventually led to the creation and passing of both Bill C-95 in 1997 and Bill C-24 in 2001 – setting forth harsher punishments and penalties for members of gangs and organized crime groups.

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forced to hand over their money to the club. A 1990 paper noted the changing role of women within outlaw motorcycle clubs, and a 2000 paper stated that they now have agency and political savvy, reframing the narratives of their lives. "We did it. We showed them we are real women dealing with real men. I'd much prefer to be living with an OMC member than some dork who is a pawn in the system", said one woman who felt she and her peers had "set the record straight". One woman in 2001 described the previous work done by men about women in the outlaw motorcycle club world by saying "the men that wrote that must be meatheads". They are part of the scene because they want to be and enjoy it. These women have broken from society's stereotypically defined roles and find freedom with the biker world.

261:. The American Motorcyclist Association has frequently complained of the bad publicity for motorcycling in general caused by outlaw clubs, and they have said that the presence of outlaw clubs at charity events has actually harmed the needy by driving down public participation and reducing donations. Events such as a 2005 shootout between rival outlaw clubs in the midst of a charity toy drive in California have raised fears about the participation of outlaw biker clubs in charity events. Authorities have attempted to ban outlaw clubs from charity events, or to restrict the wearing of colors at events in order to avert the sort of inter-club violence that has happened at previous charity runs. In 2002, the 2855:'Dangerous Motorcycle Gangs,' a widely circulated two-hour police course, notes that a white cross on a biker's colors is earned by robbing a grave, a red cross by 'committing homosexual fellatio with a witness present.' Green wings denote the wearer performed cunnilingus on a venereally diseased woman and purple wing signify—get this!—oral sex with a dead woman! (p. 32). As a rejection of values and an expression of nihilism, what could be more aberrant and grossly offensive? And even if these interpretations are inaccurate or fabricated by bikers themselves as a joke, they still reveal the outrage that the outlaw biker expression of nihilism intended to inspire. 216:

the back of their vest, but not the full logo, though this practice may vary from club to club. To become a full member, the prospect or probate must be voted on by the rest of the full club members. Successful admission usually requires more than a simple majority, and some clubs may reject a prospect or a probate for a single dissenting vote. A formal induction follows, in which the new member affirms his loyalty to the club and its members. The final logo patch is then awarded. Full members are often referred to as "full patch members" or "patchholders" and the step of attaining full membership can be referred to as "being patched".

137: 833:. As part of its Ontario expansion, the Hells Angels tried to persuade the St. Thomas, Ontario Loners chapter to merge with them. In Ontario, its highest media profile in recent years was in the infamous legal battle (by the Toronto chapter) involving animal rights and personal property. This 2001 legal court battle was so that the Loners could fight to keep their official mascot, Woody the Lion on their property, which was located just north of Toronto. The Loners lost the legal battle and their lion was removed and placed into an animal sanctuary outside of Toronto. 1165:, there were approximately 500 motorcycle gangs operating in the United States in 1991, with a combined membership of several thousand. These gangs range in levels of criminal sophistication, from groups of thugs to well-organized criminal networks. A government survey published in 1990 found that outlaw motorcycle gangs control 40% of the traffic of dangerous drugs in the U.S., including three quarters of the methamphetamine trade. A subsequent study concluded that outlaw motorcycle gangs control or are heavily involved in the sale of meth in 38 states. 5665: 586:

protect the club from implication by law enforcement. In 1985 a three-year, eleven-state FBI operation named Roughrider culminated in the largest OMG bust in history, with the confiscation of $ 2 million worth of illegal drugs, as well as an illegal arsenal of weapons, ranging from Uzi submachine guns to antitank weapons. In October 2008, the FBI announced the end of a six-month undercover operation by agents into the narcotics trafficking by the Mongols Motorcycle Club. The bust went down with 160 search warrants and 110 arrest warrants

356: 195:. Clubhouses, which are often fortified and equipped with a sophisticated security system, serve as a meeting place for a club or chapter. In order to meet the expenditures of running an outlaw motorcycle club, namely the renting, purchase or furnishing of a clubhouse, groups raise funds primarily through membership dues and club fines, the sale of various items to members, the brokerage of club shares, sponsoring parties and organizing motorcycle trips. Some clubs also maintain a fund for the legal defense of its members. 1216: 2497:

ranks of motorcycle clubs were not involved in the debacle (e.g., Reynolds, Thompson). The American Motorcyclist Association says it has no record of ever releasing such as statement. Tom Lindsay, the AMA's Public Information Director, said 'We acknowledge that the term 'one-percenter' has long been (and likely will continue to be) attributed to the American Motorcyclist Association, but we've been unable to attribute its original use to an AMA official or published statement—so it's apocryphal.'

55: 1239:, where the rugged terrain and sparse population of rural Oregon and Washington made ideal conditions for clandestine meth labs. According to a 1989 report by the Western States Information Network (SWIN), 11% of drug labs seized had outlaw motorcycle gang paraphernalia present at the site. Motorcycle gangs in the western U.S. launder money through interior decorating businesses, construction companies, locksmiths, pizza parlors, jewelry businesses, and real estate. 473: 280: 1785: 1311: 485:

have come to such conclusions; one admitting that, " interviews with biker women were limited lest intentions were misinterpreted" by their male companions and that such views of women are mythic and "sexist research" in itself, using deeply flawed methodologies and serve two highly political purposes of maintaining a dominance myth of women by men and amplifying the deviance of the male club members.

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abused, their roles as being those of obedient followers and their status as objects. These women are claimed to pass over any pay they receive to their partners or sometimes to the entire club. This appears to make these groups extremely gender segregated. This has not always been the case, as during the 1950s and 1960s, some Hells Angels chapters had female members.

1547:, when the Bandidos and the Comanchero motorcycle clubs went to war on Father's Day, Sunday 2 September 1984. The massacre had its beginnings after a group of Comancheros broke away and formed the first Bandidos Motorcycle Club chapter in Australia. This resulted in intense rivalry between the two chapters. At a public swap meet at the Viking Tavern at 1185:, however. Motorcycle gangs are also more heavily involved in prostitution on the East Coast than on the West; women operate the streets and out of gang-owned massage parlours and escort services. Eastern U.S. biker gangs use bodyguard services, horse ranches, vending machine companies, lawn services, and real estate to launder money. 2384:'Ride organisers received an unlawful edict from police blocking the participation of riders wearing clothing that identified them as members of some motorcycle clubs,' Mr Walker said. 'You can't say that to our members...these guys live for their patches.' He said bikies would never, ever ride without patches as a cardinal rule. 3457: 783:. Canadian biker gangs are involved in money laundering, intimidation, assault, attempted murder, murder, fraud, theft, counterfeiting, loan-sharking, extortion, prostitution, escort agencies, strip clubs, and the trafficking of illegal weapons, stolen goods, contraband, and illicit alcohol and cigarettes. 799:

the enactment of anti-gang and anti-organized crime legislation by the federal government, consequentially leading to more severe penalties and harsher sentencing. The Rock Machine expanded into Ontario where they established three new chapters. In 2001, the organization aligned itself with the Bandidos.

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Rock Machine – Second only to Hells Angels in Quebec (not Canada). A long-running turf war with the Hells Angels has left hundreds of people dead while the two gangs fought over the territorial drug trade (as narcotics was, and still is, a lucrative black market business). The ongoing war also led to

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Larger outlaw motorcycle clubs will often establish localized smaller clubs that are subservient to the gang. These clubs are referred to as support clubs, satellite clubs or puppet clubs. They act as auxiliary groups, providing support to the larger club by propelling their influence further, acting

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In Australia and the United States, many MCs have established statewide MC coalitions. These coalitions are composed of MCs who have chapters in the state, and the occasional interested third party organization, and hold periodic meetings on neutral ground where representatives from each club meet in

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may occur during the early stages (i.e., hang-around, prospecting) ranging from the mandatory performance of menial labor tasks for full patch members to sophomoric pranks, and, in rare cases with some outlaw motorcycle clubs, acts of violence. During this time, the prospect may wear the club name on

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Some "biker" clubs employ a process whereby members must pass several stages such as "friend of the club", "hang-around", and "prospect", on their way to becoming full-patch (see explanation of 'patching' below) members. The actual stages and membership process can and often do vary widely from club

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There also are patches associated with the gang's alleged sexual rituals. Members are awarded wings of varying colors for engaging in sex acts with women at pre-arranged 'wing parties,' the indictment states. For example, members who have sex with a woman with venereal disease are given green wings,

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Next week Norco city leaders will consider revoking an operating permit for Maverick Steakhouse where a Christmas toy drive Sunday ended in violence after several gunmen fired into the crowd. Witnesses say a fight between two rival biker clubs at the event led to the shooting in which at least three

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As middle America rides and parties with the urban middle class, neither discusses the skeleton in the closet. Neither draws attention to the fact that much of the Harley mystique, most of the unwritten rules of the road, and many of the values and ideals come from the unruly and bastard parent, the

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joined up the Hells Angels. After the Rock Machine emerged in 1986, they quickly became the number one rival of the Hells Angels, and a full-blown turf war between the two biker gangs erupted in the 1990s; unfortunately, claiming more than 150 individual lives, including two (2) prison guards and an

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Satan's Choice – Once one of Ontario's strongest, most cohesive motorcycle gangs, Satan's Choice became part of the Hells Angels' during H-A's 2000–2001 larger expansion further into Ontario. Satan's Choice had branches in Keswick, Kitchener, Oshawa, Sudbury, Simcoe County, Thunder Bay and Toronto —

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At present, there exist an abundance of outlaw motorcycle clubs in Australia - many of which are homegrown clubs (founded within the country) and have since expanded overseas. However, a good amount of the country's groups are chapters of international one-percenter clubs which originated outside of

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Other patches may be worn by members, including phrases and symbols. The style or meaning of these other patches can vary between clubs. Some, such as a skull and crossbones patch, or the motto "Respect Few, Fear None", are worn in some clubs by members who commit murder or other acts of violence on

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The club patches always remain property of the club itself, not the member, and only members are allowed to wear the club's patches. Hang-arounds or support clubs wear support patches with the club's colors. A member must closely guard their colors for allowing one's colors to fall into the hands of

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The problem with that according to Steve Cook is that if you eat in local restaurants, drink in local bars or even participate in local charity events, you already associate with them. Charity rides, toy donations... Cook has learned these are part of the disguise. 'What they don't tell you is what

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and collect $ 1 billion in illegal income annually. Motorcycle gangs frequently begin mutually beneficial partnerships with independent criminals, and maintain a large network of associates by doing so. Crimes are typically carried out by associates rather than "full patch" members in order to

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These myths about the women are: that they are subservient working-class women, used as objects for club sexual rites; are hard-bitten, unattractive, and politically conservative; and that they are 'money makers' for the biker men and clubs, i.e., prostitutes, topless barmaids or strippers who are

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consists of the club logo and the top and bottom patches, usually crescent shaped, which are referred to as rockers. The number and arrangement of patches is somewhat indicative of the nature of the club. Since many motorcycle clubs wear the three-piece patch arrangement, this is not necessarily an

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The primary visual identification of a member of an outlaw motorcycle club is the vest adorned with a large club-specific patch or patches predominantly located in the middle of the back. The patches will contain a club logo, the name of the club, and the letters MC, and a possible state, province,

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Throughout the 1990s, the province of Quebec witnessed violent confrontations between rivaling outlaw biker gangs with activities that ranged from homicides to bombings. Such violence and brutality was a decade-long conflict between the Hells Angels and the Rock Machine, better known as the "1994

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Academic research has criticized the methodology of such previous studies as being "vague and hazy", and lacking in participant demography. Such reports may have made clear statements and authoritative analyses about the role of women associated with outlaw motorcycle clubs, but few state how they

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The Warlocks motorcycle gang has filed a lawsuit accusing the Philadelphia Police Department of preventing its members from participating in a motorcycle parade to deliver toys to the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia on Sunday. Joshua Briskin, a lawyer for the gang, said the Warlocks had taken

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Outlaw motorcycle clubs first appeared in the Canadian province of Quebec during the early 1950s. By the year 1968, the province was home to at least 350 of such groups – with most of, if not all, being "home-grown" – rather than having origins outside of Canada (or even Quebec). Some of the most

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Certain large one-percent MCs have rivalries between each other and will fight over territory and other issues. Sometimes smaller clubs are forced into or willingly accept supportive roles for a larger one-percent club and are sometimes required to wear a "support patch" on their vests that shows

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The Life story caused something of a tumult around the country (Yates), and some authors have asserted that the AMA subsequently released a press statement disclaiming involvement in the Hollister event, stating that 99% of motorcyclists are good, decent, law-abiding citizens, and that the AMA's

1551:, New South Wales, a brief but violent battle ensued with seven people shot dead, including a 14-year-old innocent female bystander. A further 28 people were wounded with 20 requiring hospitalisation. Each episode starts with a quote stated by Justice Adrian Roden when the clubs went before the 896:

Over the next several weeks, the violence reached a peak. In one week in September 1995, there was an assassination in a parking lot; bombings at a strip club, a bar and the mansion of an organized crime figure; arson attacks on a pawn shop, tanning salon and a used-car lot; and a friendly-fire

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Contrary to other criminal organizations, OMGs operate on an individual basis instead of top-down, which is how supporters can claim that only some members are committing crimes. Belonging guarantees to each member the option of running criminal activity, using other members as support—the main

621:, defines these groups as: "Any group of motorcycle enthusiasts who have voluntarily made a commitment to band together and abide by their organizations' rigorous rules enforced by violence, who engage in activities that bring them and their club into serious conflict with society and the law". 480:

Most outlaw motorcycle clubs do not allow women to become full-patch members. Rather, in some 1%er clubs, women have in the past been portrayed as submissive or victims to the men, treated as property, forced into prostitution or street-level drug trafficking, and often physically and sexually

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of these types of clubs when they raid a clubhouse or the home of a MC member, and they often display these items at press conferences. These items are then used at trial to support prosecution assertions that MC members perform criminal acts on behalf of their club. Courts have found that the

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Bandidos – Founded in the 1960s in Texas, the gang operates various chapters in many cities, such as Toronto at one time, they currently do not operate in Canada. According to NGIC's 2009 report, the Bandidos are the second-most powerful criminal biker gang, with more than 2,000 members in 14

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Many members of outlaw motorcycle clubs engage in criminal activities and organized crime and "pose a serious domestic threat". Law enforcement agencies perceive such individuals and motorcycle clubs as being unique among criminal groups because they maintain websites and businesses, identify

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The Lion, nicknamed "Woody" was kept in a tidy 25-metre by 25-metre pen area. He was a club pet from the age of approximately three weeks, and was named for a biker who died in a motorcycle accident. Woody was confiscated and shipped to a compound near Barrie after the club was charged with

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for both males and, as "biker babes", for females. The appearance has even been exploited by the fashion industry bringing it into legal conflict with some clubs and simultaneously encouraging a cultural specific fetishistic look that conveys sex, danger, rebelliousness, masculinity, and

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Outlaws – First established in 1935 in the U.S., the Outlaws made their way into Canada in 1977 when several chapters of Satan's Choice (in Montreal, Quebec) changed allegiance and decided set up shop as the Outlaws Motorcycle Club of Canada. The Outlaws are known to detest the Hells

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There are black clubs, white clubs, and Mexican and other Spanish-speaking clubs. Bikers in American prisons, as prisoners generally do, band together along racial lines. It is claimed that racial discrimination within clubs has led to creation of rival clubs in the past, such as the

188:. The mother chapter serves as the ruling body of the club. Sometimes, the president of the mother chapter serves as the president of the entire MC, and sets club policy on a variety of issues, whereas other clubs either elect or appoint a National President for this role. 730:

Outlaw biker clubs first began to appear in Belgium in the 1970s, and the Belgian biker scene continued to be dominated by small local clubs until the 1990s. In 1992, Belgium's Blue Angels club became the first international club in the country when they merged with the

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is that crime and violence are not used as expedients in pursuit of profit, but that the priorities are reversed. Mayhem and lawlessness are inherent in living "The Life" and the money they obtain by illegal means is only wanted as a way to perpetuate that lifestyle.

1838:, wrote: Motorcycling is a way of life, almost a religion to some and the next best thing to breathing for others. There is no such thing as a "typical motorcyclist"; on the one hand we're outcasts and "one percenters", while on the other hand we are the "in" people. 661:

logo and name, saying the government had no right to the trademarks. Federal prosecutors had requested, as part of a larger criminal indictment, a court order giving the government ownership of the logo in order to prevent members from wearing the club's colors.

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The Hells Angels (or "H-A" as they're often referred to) were, and continue to be, one of the more prominent biker gangs still in existence today in Quebec and other regions of Canada – having at least 34 different chapters across the country in April 2009.

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themselves through patches and tattoos, write and obey constitutions and bylaws, trademark their club names and logos, and even hold publicity campaigns aimed at improving their public image. The term "outlaw motorcycle gang" was coined by the journalist

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their affiliation with the dominant regional club. Smaller clubs are often allowed to form with the permission of the dominant regional club. Clubs that resist have been forcibly disbanded by being told to hand over their colors on threat of aggression.

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Outlaw motorcycle clubs began developing rapidly in Indonesia in the 1990s, although some of the country's homegrown groups are said to have existed as early as the 1970s. The presence of biker gangs in Indonesia has received national media attention.

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Loners – The Loners Motorcycle Club was founded in Woodbridge, Ontario in 1979, having a handful of chapters, which included a now-defunct chapter in southwestern Ontario. The Loners have at least sixteen (16) chapters in Canada, ten (10) chapters in

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closed session to resolve disputes between clubs and discuss issues of common interest. Local coalitions or confederations of clubs have eliminated some of the inter-club rivalry and together they have acted to hire legal and PR representation.

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and their clubs are typically exclusively racially homogeneous. Other sources state outright, that "With few exceptions, blacks are excluded from membership or riding with one-percenter biker clubs." The average age for a club studied was 34.

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to club. Often, an individual must pass a vote of the membership and swear some level of allegiance to the club. Some clubs have a unique club patch (cut or top rocker) adorned with the term MC that are worn on the rider's vest, known as a

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Particular deals are co-ordinated and run by bikers using a few associate, mostly prospects and hang-arounds (the two ranks below full membership of the club) to do the legwork. That way, even if they're caught, the club is unlikely to be

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convened a meeting of the leaders of various Hells Angels chapters and other California clubs in 1960 in which the various clubs parleyed over the mutual problem of police harassment. The clubs voted to ally under the patch. In 1963, the

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Para Dice Riders – Another group that was once amongst Ontario's strongest biker gangs. Its membership was initially limited to the Toronto, Ontario area, until the group was absorbed by the Hells Angels in 2001, when the H-A moved into

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Outlaw clubs are often prominent at charity events, such as toy runs. Charitable giving is frequently cited as evidence that these clubs do not deserve their negative media image. Outlaw clubs have been accused of using charity rides to

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of 1947, is denied by the AMA, who claim to have no record of such a statement to the press and that the story is a misquote. Whether the original quote is true or not, the "1%" patch is worn only by clubs characterized by criminality.

4343: 5039: 2626: 1734:, was released on 4 October 2016, and introduced various biker-themed weapons, clothing, and vehicles, as well as the ability for players to join or start their own motorcycle clubs and run illicit businesses, such as 1710:, which follows the efforts of the club's vice-president (later president), Johnny Klebitz, to keep the gang alfoat when they are faced with various problems, such as the war with the Angels and a conflict with the 5078: 692:

Although the outlaw motorcycle club subculture has a tendency to be associated with the United States, a large number of regional scenes have emerged transcontinentally within countless nations across the globe.

1325: 233:", and earning ranks and titles within a club or chapter. However, there is also a subculture of outlaw biker activity which revolves around performing outrageous acts, the denigration of women, maintaining a 5861: 224:

The majority of members of outlaw motorcycle clubs have no serious criminal record, and express their outlaw status on a social level, equating the word "outlaw" with disregard for the law of groups like the

2095: 1436: 1629:-based outlaw motorcycle gang known as the Death Knights who reputably engage in contract killing as well as prostitution. The plot of the episode is centered around the murder of one of the club's members. 2521: 987:

Due to the notable presence of biker gangs in the Netherlands, alongside their tendency to be involved in criminal activity, certain one-percenter groups have been subject to nationwide prohibition by the

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overturned a law that outlawed crime-focused motorcycle clubs and required members to avoid contact with one another. In the U.S., a Federal judge rejected a prosecutor's request to seize ownership of the

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The Red Devils – Said to be the oldest motorcycle gang in Canada (the "Original Red Devils," founded in 1948), the group is made up of a few dozen members concentrated in and around the Hamilton, Ontario

980:, they've since expanded into 44 chapters across the nation and have branched out internationally within at least 20 countries. Another notable one of these groups to have come out of the Netherlands is 810:

Last Chance – A small Ontario-based biker gang that agreed to switch over and join up with the Hells Angels when they, the world's most powerful biker gang decided to move into the province (Ontario).

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as sources of recruitment and various other ways in return for protection and to bolster their reputations. Support clubs can also be used to help the principal club facilitate criminal activities.

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Some outlaw motorcycle clubs can be distinguished by a "1%" or "Diamond" shape patch worn on the colors. This is said to refer to a comment made in 1960 by William Berry, a former president of the

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Depicting outlaw motorcycle club women using anchored and unanchored research methodologies. van den Eynde, Julie University of Queensland, Australia and Veno, Arthur Monash University, Australia

3964: 3960:"Judge Rejects Government Attempt to Seize Mongols Biker Gang's 'Colors'; The U.S. Attorney's Office says the effort marks the first time in which the government has sought a gang's trademarks" 884:), the Gitans, the Atomes, the Missiles MC, and of course, Hells Angels. The largest, most-feared chapter of Hells Angels was formed in Montreal, Quebec in 1977, when a biker gang called the 1203:

has had an affluent presence of outlaw motorcycle clubs since the 1960s. Some of the most notable clubs to have come out of the city of Detroit include the Forbidden Wheels Motorcycle Club,

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and founded motorcycle clubs to replicate the camaraderie and psychological stimulation they had experienced in the war. Early biker clubs established by World War II veterans included the

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where the protagonist, Deacon St. John and his friend William "Boozer" Gray, are former members of an outlaw motorcycle club known as the Mongrels, and they still wear their club's colors.

984:. While not as large as Saturdarah, they have still managed to set up branches overseas with an approximant total of more than one thousand members in roughly 19 nations across the globe. 3959: 2600:

Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs: Aspects of the One-Percenter Culture for Emergency Department Personnel to Consider. Anand N. Bosmia, BA, James F. Quinn, PhD, , and R. Shane Tubbs, PhD, PA-C, MS

229:, not the laws of government. Outlaw bikers view themselves as a fraternity of men who reject societal norms, and their sense of brotherhood is reflected in tattoos, the wearing of club " 909:

The first outlaw biker clubs in Germany were established by American military stationed in the country, including the Bones MC, founded in 1968, and the Ghost Riders MC, formed in 1972.

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Lobos – Originally from and concentrated around the Windsor, Ontario area, the Lobos motorcycle gang decided to take up with the Hells Angels on its offer of merge with them in 2001.

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characteristic of OMGs being "amoral individualism", in contrast to the hierarchical orders and bonds of "amoral familism" of other criminal organizations such as the Mafia. U.S.

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The colors worn by members of some motorcycle clubs will sometimes follow a convention of using either a one-piece patch for nonconformist social clubs, two-piece patch for clubs

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The Infamous 'One Percenters': A Review of the Criminality, Subculture, and Structure of Modern Biker Gangs. Danielle Shields, Justice Policy Journal, Volume 9—No. 1—Spring 2012

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launched Project Focus, an investigation into motorcycle gangs. By 2002, there were 26 motorcycle gangs operating in Canada, the largest and most powerful of which being the

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feature a fictional outlaw motorcycle gang called the Dogs of Hell, who engage in various criminal activities including theft, drug trafficking, and murder. In the episode "

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is an American dramatized series inspired by the true story of police informant Charles Falco, who infiltrated several bike clubs in the United States in the early 2000s.

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and its episodic content feature two warring outlaw motorcycle clubs: the Lost and the Angels of Death. The former serve as the main focus of the first story expansion,

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Canada, especially, has in the late 20th century experienced a significant upsurge in crime involving outlaw motorcycle clubs, most notably in what has been dubbed the

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violating a King Township bylaw against keeping exotic pets. All on account of pre-dawn raids by the York Regional Police and the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP).

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they're doing the rest of the year. They're selling drugs. They're stealing motorcycles. They're beating people up. They're committing a laundry list of crimes.'

248:) to tell the groups apart. Much of the mystique and many of the unwritten rules, values, and ideals of non-outlaw clubs are believed to come from outlaw clubs. 2646: 1000:

New Zealand has a rather large outlaw motorcycle club scene which has gained a significant amount of national and international media attention over the years.

431:, intended to make fools of those outside the outlaw biker world, and also to serve the purpose of provoking outrage among conservative public and authorities. 6633: 5617:

Framing Public Life: Perspectives on Media and Our Understanding of the Social World. Stephen D. Reese, Oscar H. Gandy, August E. Grant. Routledge, 1 June 2003

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Renegades Do Good Works, Too But Officials Say Biker Gang Is Simply Polishing Its Image. Richard S. Koonce, Virginian – Pilot ( Norfolk, Va. ) 1999-12-29, A.1

613:, but also as the Hells Angels have sought to obtain control of the street level trade from other rival or independent gangs in various regions of Canada. The 4948: 298:(a term taken from the early practice of cutting the collars or sleeves from a denim or leather jacket). Many non-outlaw motorcycle riding clubs such as the 5268: 1527:

infiltrates the club as his former undercover alias "Crash" and joins some of its members on a failed home invasion in order to elicit information on their

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chapter. Some clubs or individual chapters are now multi-racial, but the number of "white supremacist biker clubs are growing nationwide", according to the

4769: 4460: 4344:"Australian biker gangs increasingly involved in the international drug trade business using Thailand as a base to supply drugs to Australia and worldwide" 4252: 3289:

One percent biker clubs in the existing literature have been described as all white clubs, but there are at least four black or interracial 1% biker clubs.

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of mythic status, their portrayal generally exaggerating a criminal or deviant association exploited by the media for their own often financial interests.

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As of 2008, there are approximately 60 outlaw motorcycle gangs active in California, with a combined membership of around 2,000. Motorcycle gangs in the

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deal primarily in methamphetamine. As a result of stringent laws regarding the sale of precursor chemicals, and the formation of task forces to target

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innocent 11-year-old boy named Daniel Desrochers, who died several days after a planted car bomb exploded and a piece of shrapnel penetrated his head.

5847: 5628: 4480: 3991: 5943: 4434: 1730:, where many missions involve the player stealing the Lost's product or killing their members. An outlaw biker-themed update for the game, entitled 6728: 6453: 2675: 2341:

Witnesses blame tensions between two rival motorcycle gangs for a shooting at a Christmas toy drive that left a firefighter and two others injured.

2156:"Under and Alone: The True Story of the Undercover Agent Who Infiltrated America's Most Violent Outlaw Motorcycle Gang". Author William Queen, 2004 4635: 4606: 3782: 2068: 423:, but with various color-coded meanings, e.g. in some clubs, it is said that a member who has had sex with a woman with venereal disease can wear 2762: 1197:. Motorcycle gangs in the central U.S. launder money via beauty shops, towing companies, construction companies, horse ranches, and real estate. 3969: 2373: 1944: 559: 344: 6843: 5122: 3733: 4707: 3420: 2919: 2335:

Austin, Paige; Bjelland, Sonja (6 December 2005), "Gunfight blamed on bikers // About 150 people queried after violence at a toy giveaway",

3006: 2892: 2471:, Case Nos. 95–2829 and 95-2879; UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOHN E. IRVIN and THOMAS E. PASTOR, Defendants-Appellants 128:

defines "outlaw motorcycle gangs" (OMG) as "organizations whose members use their motorcycle clubs as conduits for criminal enterprises".

5392: 3901: 2490: 1897: 719: 5805: 5217: 2178: 2044: 1997: 577:

The FBI asserts that outlaw motorcycle gangs (OMGs) support themselves primarily through drug dealing, trafficking in stolen goods, and

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Vagabonds – An Ontario-based motorcycle gang that was mostly absorbed by the Hells Angels when they expanded into Ontario in 2000–2001.

244:

adopt similar insignia, colors, organizational structures, and trappings to outlaw clubs, making it difficult for outsiders (including

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Recently, authorities have tried tactics aimed at undermining the gang identity and breaking up the membership. But in June 2011 the

8189: 7904: 6583: 1803: 1706: 1682: 1678: 117:(MCs) are considered "outlaw" not necessarily because they engage in criminal activity, but because they are not sanctioned by the 4222:. Dominic Boland, Anthony Morgan, Julianne Webster, Yi-Ning Chiu, Roger Lowe. Canberra, ACT: Australian Institute of Criminology. 1915: 8337: 7942: 7148: 6573: 6203: 5581:

As Seen in Vogue: A Century of American Fashion in Advertising. Daniel Delis Hill. Texas Tech University Press, 15 September 2007

4680: 3566: 1151: 262: 121:(AMA) and do not adhere to the AMA's rules. Instead, the clubs have their own set of bylaws reflecting the outlaw biker culture. 6853: 6629: 5418: 4077: 3594: 3544: 3506: 2397: 1647: 1083: 946: 3849: 825:

and several chapters in other countries across the world. The club was established by two well-known Italian-Canadian bikers,

7008: 6903: 6186: 6025: 6000: 4861: 4303: 4227: 3354: 3312: 3016: 2902: 2820: 1380: 5312: 5100: 4734: 4067:

Terry the Tramp: The Life and Dangerous Times of a One Percenter. K. Randall Ball. MotorBooks International, 30 October 2011

2446: 2280: 6768: 6721: 6663: 4202: 2591:

Quinn JF, Forsyth CJ. Leathers and rolexs: The symbolism and values of the motorcycle club. Deviant Behavior. 2009;30:1–31.

1621: 1555:; "As patriotism can lead to jingoism and mateship can lead to cronyism, so bikie club loyalty can lead to bikie club war." 877: 786:

Some of the other major biker organizations (aside from Hells Angels) that have operated in Canada, include the following:

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has reported that there has been steady growth in the membership of outlaw motorcycle clubs worldwide since the year 2005.

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Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (1994). "Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs". In Adler, Patricia A; Adler, Peter (eds.).

7018: 7013: 5790: 4916: 4806: 4657: 4392: 3391: 2262:

Adler, Jeff (3 March 2001), "The Fall of a Hells Angel Leader; Indictment Alleges Spokesman's Charity Masks Drug Ring.",

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part in the event for 15 years. The suit, seeking unspecified compensation, says the group's civil rights were violated.

1122:

The outlaw biker subculture emerged in the United States in the late 1940s, as disenfranchised servicemen returned from

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in 1966 and was subsequently adopted by federal and local law enforcement agencies in the United States and elsewhere.

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http://www.ktla.com/content_landing_page/?Dozens-of-Mongols-Biker-Gang-Members-Arr=1&blockID=112738&feedID=171

2642: 7770: 7103: 7088: 6099: 6084: 6060: 6043: 5986: 5541: 5531:

The House of Klein: Fashion, Controversy, and a Business Obsession. Lisa Marsh. John Wiley & Sons, 18 August 2003

4816: 4744: 4717: 4690: 4313: 4040: 3885: 3877:

Under and Alone: The True Story of the Undercover Agent Who Infiltrated America's Most Violent Outlaw Motorcycle Gang

3714: 3673: 3606: 3467: 2848: 2747: 2718: 2239: 2205: 1981: 1954: 1925: 1873: 1398: 869: 364: 226: 118: 32:

This article is about non-AMA sanctioned motorcycle clubs. For the club established in McCook, Illinois in 1935, see

4404: 3748: 2944: 8356: 7822: 7780: 6928: 6532: 6410: 5326: 1637: 1552: 5495:

Harley-Davidson and Philosophy: Full-Throttle Aristotle. Bernard E. Rollin. Open Court Publishing, 9 February 2006

4099: 1753:

tells the story of a one-percenter who seeks revenge for his brother's death, caused by the bosses of rival gangs.

558:, known as the "Big Four". These four have a large enough national impact to be prosecuted under the U.S. Federal 7987: 7899: 7048: 6883: 6838: 6745: 6714: 6693: 6233: 5917: 5276: 4028: 4016: 2197:

The Ultimate Motorcycle Encyclopedia: Harley-Davidson, Ducati, Triumph, Honda, Kawasaki and All the Great Marques

1834: 1798: 1177:

deal primarily in cocaine. Outlaw biker clubs also control approximately 70–80% of the methamphetamine market in

1174: 1147: 535: 5366: 3494: 8262: 7725: 7249: 7153: 7083: 6218: 5340: 3635: 2561: 2538: 1047:, have chapters of some of the most prominent international outlaw motorcycle clubs in the world including the 563: 5889: 5486:

The Dictionary of Fashion History. Valerie Cumming, C. W. Cunnington, P. E. Cunnington. Berg, 15 November 2010

4949:"District Court: Satudarah Motorcycle Club banned in the Netherlands – News item – Public Prosecution Service" 2787: 8371: 7991: 7785: 7113: 7093: 6948: 6793: 6773: 6550: 6278: 5599:

Mobility Without Mayhem: Safety, Cars, and Citizenship. Jeremy Packer. Duke University Press, 5 February 2008

5213: 4188: 2231: 1344: 1111: 614: 7848: 6053:

Dead Man Running: An Insider's Story on One of the World's Most Feared Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs, the Bandidos

3328:

Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny "Big John" (Summer 1983), "Hell on Wheels; The Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs",

310:

an outsider is an act of disgrace and may result in loss of membership in a club, or some other punishment.

8361: 8127: 7554: 7073: 7068: 7058: 6998: 6918: 6888: 6868: 6778: 6753: 6624: 5776: 5632: 4473: 1674: 1539: 1131: 1076: 1072: 989: 981: 958: 922: 780: 736: 618: 543: 379: 141: 17: 6373: 5875: 5748: 4636:"Bonds of Brotherhood: The Origin and Growth of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs | Office of Justice Programs" 3528: 2582:

Quinn JF. Sex roles and hedonism among members of outlaw motorcycle clubs. Deviant Behavior. 1987;8:47–63.

7935: 6913: 6858: 6818: 6783: 6540: 6228: 5951: 5728: 732: 153: 48: 44: 6155: 6129: 4357: 2682: 1255:" genre. It generally exists as a negative stereotype in the public's subconscious and yet has inspired 1098:

The outlaw biker scene of the U.K. began as early as the 1960s and has four main independent clubs, the

367:(AMA), that 99% of motorcyclists were law-abiding citizens, implying the last one percent were outlaws. 8133: 7589: 7053: 7028: 6973: 6958: 6943: 6938: 6878: 6828: 6813: 6803: 4886: 4613: 3779: 2072: 1340: 1204: 1060: 1031:

Sweden's variation of the subculture was greatly influenced by the American one-percenter biker scene.

547: 2772: 8376: 8203: 7843: 7750: 7138: 7123: 7063: 6223: 6179: 4887:"The Legal Enforcement Of Organized Transnational Crime (Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs Study In Indonesia)" 4511: 3764: 1865:

The everything motorcycle book: the one book you must have to buy, ride, and maintain your motorcycle

1750: 1633: 1506: 1256: 1103: 1028:

after numerous groups were established throughout the country during the late 1960s and early 1970s.

641: 502: 6388: 2867: 2841:

Harley-Davidson and philosophy: full-throttle Aristotle; Volume 18 of Popular culture and philosophy

460:, but serve to express the outlaw biker's total rejection of social constraints, and desire for the 8366: 8139: 7765: 7735: 7694: 6933: 6833: 6808: 6798: 6763: 6676: 6273: 5159: 4117: 3685: 2414:"National Briefing Mid-Atlantic: Pennsylvania: Biker Gang Sues Over Exclusion From Charity Event", 2139: 1669: 1486:

veterans, which is involved in various criminal activity and associated with underworld gangs. The

1336: 1194: 1143: 1087: 756: 752: 555: 192: 152:

While organizations may vary, the typical internal organization of a motorcycle club consists of a

5749:"Stream It or Skip It: 'Warrior' on Netflix, A Danish Crime Drama with Overtones of War and Guilt" 5468:

Two Wheels on Two Reels: A History of Biker Movies. Mike Seate. Whitehorse Press, 24 December 2000

3426: 1612:

features a fictional French-Canadian biker gang known as the Devil's Kings MC as a participant in

747:

formed its first chapter in Belgium through a "patch over" of an indigenous Outlaws club based in

8267: 8052: 8006: 7454: 7449: 7354: 7289: 7023: 6988: 6978: 6963: 6953: 6898: 6848: 6758: 6648: 6507: 6356: 2925: 1726: 1135: 1064: 1056: 1052: 744: 658: 653: 567: 551: 388: 33: 5762: 4849: 4547: 1332: 288:

or other chapter identification. This garment and the patches themselves are referred to as the

8010: 7928: 7858: 7359: 7279: 7043: 6968: 6338: 5701: 5141: 5000:"Organizing on two wheels: Uncovering the organizational patterns of Hells Angels MC in Sweden" 2624:

Look Homeward Angel: Cycle Icon Sonny Barger Kick-Starts Life as a Free Man by Violating Parole

1642: 1048: 938: 645: 510: 6008: 5540:'Hells Angels sue luxury fashion house'. Brichall, Jonathan. Financial Times, 27 October 2010 2737: 2003: 1681:

during his vigilante campaign against his family's killers, and are fought by both Castle and

8235: 7973: 7889: 7720: 7314: 7259: 7158: 7133: 7128: 6873: 6788: 6688: 6502: 6333: 6290: 6036:

Out in Bad Standings: Inside the Bandidos Motorcycle Club - the Making of a Worldwide Dynasty

5813: 5504:

The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers. Daniel R. Wolf. University of Toronto Press, 1991

5206: 4791: 3933: 3906: 3875: 3302: 3246:

Joan, Barbara. Bike Lust: Harleys, Women, And American Society. Univ of Wisconsin Press, 2001

2959: 2836: 2321: 2316: 2174: 2040: 1696: 1663: 1608: 1391:

Out in Bad Standings: Inside the Bandidos Motorcycle Club - the Making of a Worldwide Dynasty

1232: 1228: 1207:, Outcast Motorcycle Club, Satan's Sidekicks Motorcycle Club, and Scorpions Motorcycle Club. 930: 571: 274: 230: 5572:

Movie-made America: a cultural history of American movies. Robert Sklar. Vintage Books, 1994

4375: 3834: 2708: 2485: 2221: 1892: 7968: 7790: 7755: 7654: 7624: 7619: 7519: 7484: 7404: 7254: 6463: 6259: 6248: 6172: 1586: 957:

Outlaw motorcycle clubs have been present in the Netherlands since the 1970s. In 1978, the

136: 95: 87: 5876:"11x09 – Perverted – Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Transcripts – Forever Dreaming" 5244: 1287:, has had an international influence. Bikers, their clothing, and motorcycles have become 722:, there are (at least) 38 outlaw motorcycle gangs operating across the nation as of 2020. 593:, which has involved more than 150 murders (plus a young bystander killed by an exploding 8: 8172: 7679: 7674: 7584: 7479: 7329: 7319: 6638: 6545: 6164: 4253:"As organised crime makes headlines, are bikie gangs the threat they are made out to be?" 2264: 1746: 1724:, which ends with heavy losses for the gang. The club is also featured as antagonists in 1700: 1591: 1559: 1040: 718:

The year 2007 saw an increase of the country's amount of OMCG chapters. According to the

299: 5664: 5058:"Australian motorcycle gangs expanding into south-east Asia to get slice of drug market" 1173:

The drug trade is the main source of income for motorcycle gangs, and the bikers on the

8312: 8221: 8002: 7863: 7827: 7689: 7539: 7524: 7274: 7224: 7209: 7078: 6560: 6480: 6393: 6269: 6018:

The Assimilation: Rock Machine Become Bandidos – Bikers United Against the Hells Angels

5862:"Watch Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Season 11 Episode 9: Perverted on Peacock" 5706: 5513:

Consumers. Eric J. Arnould, Linda Price, George Martin Zinkhan. McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2004

5021: 4428: 4152: 4132: 3280: 3229: 3174: 3127: 2987: 2227: 1716: 1431: 1373:

The Assimilation: Rock Machine Become Bandidos – Bikers United Against the Hells Angels

1276: 921:

Large international outlaw biker groups which have expanded into Indonesia include the

582: 523: 258: 5848:"Is 'Bad Blood' Based on a True Story? The Rizzuto Family Ran the Real Montreal Mafia" 5827: 4853:

Inquiry into the legislative arrangements to outlaw serious and organised crime groups

3459:

Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Street Gangs: Scheming Legality, Resisting Criminalization

8145: 7909: 7797: 7760: 7549: 7474: 7379: 7269: 7234: 7199: 6653: 6643: 6601: 6512: 6443: 6378: 6368: 6343: 6325: 6313: 6285: 6238: 6095: 6080: 6056: 6039: 6021: 5982: 5659: 5025: 4982:"'Idyllic' New Zealand hit with gang violence as biker gangs cash in on meth problem" 4930: 4898: 4867: 4857: 4812: 4740: 4713: 4686: 4450: 4309: 4233: 4223: 4156: 4052: 3996: 3881: 3710: 3463: 3308: 3284: 3272: 3233: 3221: 3213: 3178: 3166: 3131: 3119: 3080: 3012: 2991: 2979: 2898: 2844: 2816: 2792: 2743: 2714: 2235: 2201: 1977: 1950: 1921: 1869: 1735: 1544: 1423: 1394: 1376: 1300: 1272: 1252: 1236: 605:. The increased violence in Canada has been attributed to turf wars over the illegal 392: 355: 7659: 7464: 191:

Larger motorcycle clubs often acquire real estate for use as a clubhouse or private

8057: 7978: 7817: 7807: 7802: 7775: 7639: 7614: 7604: 7494: 7444: 7429: 7414: 7309: 7284: 7184: 7038: 6893: 6863: 6616: 6591: 6568: 6522: 6351: 5563:

The Post-Subcultures Reader. David Muggleton, Rupert Weinzierl. Berg, 17 April 2004

5011: 4931:"Outlaw bikers in the Netherlands: Clubs, social criminal organizations, or gangs?" 4144: 3938: 3857: 3264: 3205: 3158: 3111: 3072: 3060: 2971: 2516: 1762: 1626: 1603:, features a fictional Muslim outlaw motorcycle club known as the Death Daggers MC. 1495: 1463: 1416: 1182: 1021: 885: 873: 610: 606: 590: 420: 169: 145: 7669: 7609: 7514: 3563: 3076: 1466:

in which The Triple Sixers MC attempted to establish a chapter in the province of

1235:

in California, many methamphetamine manufacturers from the state relocated to the

1215: 759:, the Blue Angels, the Hells Angels and the Outlaws as criminal motorcycle gangs. 8151: 7730: 7684: 7629: 7599: 7394: 7219: 7118: 6823: 6671: 6596: 6433: 6383: 6361: 6145: 6119: 6068: 5832: 5256: 5062: 4484: 4397: 3786: 3752: 3661: 3642: 3570: 3551: 3532: 3513: 2650: 2630: 2288: 2195: 2182: 2048: 1863: 1573: 1528: 1491: 1478: 1268: 1155: 1044: 881: 340: 241: 114: 91: 37: 8287: 7544: 3664:- DEA Deputy Chief Joseph Rannazzisi, congressional testimony on 20 October 2005 3623: 3146: 3099: 8292: 7812: 7745: 7634: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7489: 7469: 7419: 7374: 7364: 7349: 7334: 7204: 7179: 6606: 5894: 5732: 5677: 3811:

Fallen Angel: The Unlikely Rise of Walter Stadnick in the Canadian Hells Angels

3655:

Comprehensively Combating Methamphetamine: Impact on Health and the Environment

3406:"Bigots on Bikes: The Growing Links between White Supremacists and Biker Gangs" 3162: 3115: 2975: 2416: 2378: 1790: 1721: 1711: 1654: 1599: 1502: 1099: 856: 371: 157: 8317: 7304: 5016: 4999: 4271:"Bikie Gangs – 9News – Latest news and headlines from Australia and the world" 4237: 3928: 3268: 3209: 2353:

Austin, Paige (8 December 2005), "Neighbors want site of shooting shut down",

8350: 8302: 8282: 8158: 8072: 8047: 8037: 7873: 7559: 7529: 7499: 7424: 7369: 7344: 7264: 6438: 6140: 6114: 6069:

The Original Wild Ones: Tales of The Boozefighters Motorcycle Club, Est. 1946

5554:

Punk and Neo-Tribal Body Art. Daniel Wojcik. Univ. Press of Mississippi, 1995

4902: 4871: 4709:

Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War

4682:

Charlie and the Angels: The Outlaws, the Hells Angels and the Sixty Years War

3871: 3276: 3217: 3193: 3170: 3123: 3084: 2983: 2525: 2099: 2080: 1808: 1765: 1407: 1288: 1261: 1178: 1127: 822: 637: 625: 447: 335: 6094:, edited by Denis Cryle and Jean Hiliier, Perth, API Network, 2005, 97–116 ( 3654: 2114: 1082:

One notable outlaw motorcycle club to have been founded in Thailand are the

302:

also wear patches on the back of their vests, without including the letters

54: 8297: 8257: 8252: 8042: 7740: 7649: 7644: 7534: 7509: 7409: 7399: 7339: 7299: 7229: 7194: 7189: 7108: 6993: 6923: 6423: 6308: 6199: 6090:

Vieth, Errol, "Angels in the Media: Constructing Outlaw Motorcyclists", in

4217: 3689: 3455: 3225: 1437:

Hell's Angels: The Strange and Terrible Saga of the Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs

1427: 1123: 1068: 973: 942: 897:

incident where bikers accidentally killed three members of their own club.

830: 506: 493: 434:

Frequently, additional patches may involve symbols, such as the use of the

383: 173: 6706: 4851: 3582: 3378: 3366: 8307: 8277: 7868: 7699: 7504: 7459: 7439: 7434: 7384: 7324: 7294: 7244: 7239: 7214: 7174: 6983: 5445:"ATF joins investigation of suspicious biker-club fire in Oakland County" 5097:"9 Motorcycle Clubs That Are Bad Guys (And 10 That Are Saving the World)" 4850:

Parliamentary Joint Committee on the Australian Crime Commission (2009).

3745: 3259:

Barker, Tom (September 2005), "One Percent Biker Clubs – A Description",

1567: 1487: 1483: 1017: 855:

The late 1970s and early 1980s were considered to be the "golden age" in

826: 472: 461: 5653: 2562:"2000 'Gypsycycles' Chug Out of Town and the Natives Sigh 'Never Again'" 2165:

Biker Gangs and Organized Crime. Thomas Barker. Elsevier, 1 October 2007

1247:

Outlaw motorcyclists and their clubs have been frequently portrayed and

711:

during the 1960s. Here, they are commonly referred to as "bikie gangs".

8322: 8272: 8228: 8120: 8032: 8027: 7853: 7704: 7664: 6495: 6418: 6264: 6195: 4833:"Guerre des gangs - Éphémérides - 1945-1994- (organisation criminelle)" 4270: 4031:- by Glenn Puit and Dave Berns, Las Vegas Review Journal, 30 April 2002 3829: 3345:(Killinger and Cromwell, 1978). |doi=10.1111/j.1542-734X.1983.0602_58.x 2837:"Motorcycling, Nihilism, and the Price of Cool; Nihilism and FTW Style" 2767: 1813: 1524: 1284: 1003:

Biker gang violence is viewed as a growing problem within the country.

977: 715:

Commonwealth of Australia such as the Hells Angels and the Mongols MC.

457: 435: 416: 83: 80: 3334:

Outlaw cyclists are generally male and between 21 and 45 years of age.

2069:

Bonds of Brotherhood: The Origin and Growth of Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs

1419:, sees the protagonists attempt to take down the eponymous biker club. 1267:

The biker style has influenced the look of other sub-cultures such as

279: 8196: 8165: 8077: 7963: 7594: 7389: 7098: 6303: 5996: 5590:

The Berg Companion to Fashion. Valerie Steele. Berg, 15 November 2010

4935:

Understanding the Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs: International Perspectives

4078:"Ferret's manifesto. RICHARD GUILLIATT. The Australian July 20, 2010" 3992:"Feds want to bar Mongols biker gang from using its trademarked logo" 3564:

Organized Crime in California – 2004 Annual Report to the Legislature

3061:"Outlaw motorcyclists: An outgrowth of lower class cultural concerns" 1757: 1532: 1521: 1510: 1280: 966: 934: 708: 578: 452: 439: 165: 161: 5791:"Dogs of Berlin: Season 1, Episode 8 script | Subs like Script" 4330:"List of Australian Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs & their Territories" 2569: 2546: 1193:

Cocaine is the drug most commonly distributed by biker gangs in the

184:, and the first chapter established for an MC is referred to as the 176:). In some clubs, localized groups of a single, large MC are called 4148: 2941:"Into the Abyss: A Personal Journey into the World of Street Gangs" 2420:, New York, N.Y., Associated Press, p. A.17, 9 November 2002, 1613: 1578: 1548: 1518: 1459: 748: 594: 443: 5123:"Thai Hells Angel bashed in power struggle with Australian bikies" 5040:"Thai Hells Angel bashed in power struggle with Australian bikies" 3495:

FBI Safe Street Violent Crime Initiative – Report Fiscal Year 2000

1784: 1720:, where they become caught in a war with one of the protagonists, 1577:

centered around the Sons' rivals turned allies, the predominantly

1219:

A map of California motorcycle gang territories, published by the

529: 8082: 6517: 6490: 6485: 5477:

At the Movies, Strandberg, Keith. American Motorcyclist, Oct 1987

5393:"Meet the Biker Group Who Says It's Set on Keeping Ferguson Safe" 2921:

Constructions of Deviance: Social Power, Context, and Interaction

2023: 1739: 1658: 1467: 1455: 1200: 768: 696: 665: 107: 103: 99: 7920: 5944:"OPINION In Days Gone, Deacon's Bike is the Real Main Character" 5079:"The Comancheros motorcycle gang are rolling west into Victoria" 3451: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 359:"1%er" shown at the Clubhouse of the Bandidos MC, Chapter Berlin 334:

Law enforcement agencies have confiscated colors and other club

6458: 6428: 6298: 6159: 6133: 4412:

Les Gangs de Motards Criminalisés: Une expansion internationale

3525: 3332:, vol. 6, no. 2, Bowling Green, Ohio, pp. 58–9, 1769: 1482:

portrays a fictional outlaw motorcycle club, founded mainly by

1412: 1248: 1025: 772: 707:

Outlaw motorcycle clubs are reported to have first appeared in

245: 212: 4762:"Motorcycling in Canada – A Ride Through our History – Part 8" 4019:- by Adrienne Packer, Las Vegas Review-Journal, 5 October 2006 6475: 6448: 5629:"Ripped from Today's Headlines: The Outlaw Biker Movie Cycle" 3775: 3773: 3456:

Tereza Kuldová and Martín Sánchez-Jankowski (25 April 2018).

3440: 1514: 818: 740: 602: 294: 234: 205: 5702:"Sons of Anarchy;Wild Bunch on Wheels, Playing by Its Rules" 4219:

The changing culture of outlaw motorcycle gangs in Australia

2314: 628:

in an attempt to legitimize themselves with public opinion.

8087: 5608:

Profane Culture. Paul E. Willis. Taylor & Francis, 1978

5240: 5238: 4418: 3263:, vol. 9, no. 1, Springer New York, p. 111, 2643:

17 Things You Didn't Know About The Outlaws Motorcycle Club

598: 542:

have designated four MCs as "outlaw motorcycle gangs": the

428: 6194: 5299:"Biker Gangs in the Motor City: A History of Riding Rough" 4964:"If New Zealand is Middle Earth, Its Ganglands Are Mordor" 4512:"Quebec Biker War (1994–2002) | The Canadian Encyclopedia" 4376:"Gangs | Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission" 3770: 2813:

Philosophical Ridings: Motorcycles and the Meaning of Life

1114:(unrelated to the New Zealand-based MC of the same name). 427:. It has also been suggested that these definitions are a 58:

Motorcycle club members meet at a run in Australia in 2009

6470: 4856:. Canberra: Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. 3706:

Gangs: A Journey into the Heart of the British Underworld

3676:- by Andrew E. Serwer, Fortune Magazine, 30 November 1992 3554:- Criminal Intelligence Service Canada (CISC), cisc.gc.ca 2036: 2034: 2032: 1430:

club became prominent in the media, in particular, after

644:, wrote that what makes a group like them different from 5419:"Satan Sidekicks MC clubhouse shut down after shootings" 5235: 4289:"International bikie gangs target Victoria for business" 4100:"15 Surprising Facts About The Bandidos Motorcycle Club" 2924:. Wadsworth Publishing. pp. 389–401. Archived from 2085: 1090:, who themselves also have chapters within the country. 370:

The alleged AMA comment, supposedly in reference to the

3412: 2633:- by Philip Martin, Phoenix New Times, 2 December 1992. 2168: 1974:

Wild ride: how outlaw motorcycle myth conquered America

1531:

cook who is believed to have ties to serial murders in

3392:"White Supremacist Biker Clubs Are Growing Nationwide" 2469:

United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit

2029: 1989: 1509:

portrays an antagonistic outlaw biker club located in

1251:

in movies and the media generally, giving rise to an "

313: 6015: 5178: 5166: 4993: 4991: 4467: 1677:

chapter of the gang is targeted for extermination by

1543:: The six-episode series dramatises the story of the 1411:(2009), the eleventh novel in the teenage spy series 1370: 331:

indication that a club is an outlaw motorcycle club.

43:"Motorcycle gang" redirects here. For the films, see 5313:"One-percenters: Michigan's Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 4891:

PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology

4607:"Supreme Court of Canada – Decisions – Emkeit v. R." 4118:"10 Notorious Motorcycle Gangs | HowStuffWorks" 2512:

Bikers brought years of feuding – and guns – to town

2140:"The Untold Story of the Texas Biker Gang Shoot-Out" 1780: 1462:, and portrayed a fictional feud reminiscent of the 516: 5777:"Dogs of Berlin season 1 episode 8 recap: National" 5763:"'Warrior' ('Kriger') | Netflix Series Review" 5522:

Elle, Issues 273–275. Elle Publishing Company, 2008

4251:Brotto, Gaelle; Goldsworthy, Terry (16 June 2021). 4053:

Diverse groups unite to fight anti-association laws

4017:

Ex-Hells Angels official says cops kept out of club

3145:Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (January 1990). 2374:"Bikie 'colours' banned from Morcombe charity ride" 2360:

people were injured, including a Norco firefighter.

2175:

Organized Crime in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change

2041:

Organized Crime in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change

634:

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives

5341:"Clubhouse Burned in War Between Motorcycle Gangs" 5139: 4988: 3516:- Criminal Intelligence Service Canada, cisc.gc.ca 2731: 2729: 2566:Transcribed article of the San Francisco Chronicle 2543:Transcribed article of the San Francisco Chronicle 2439:"Five charged in murders of eight Bandidos bikers" 492:High-profile outlaw bikers have historically been 464:among those who fail to understand the biker way. 4250: 3418: 3008:Beyond the Mafia: Organized Crime in the Americas 2645:Arun Singh Pundir, hotcars.com (August 27, 2021) 1995: 767:Outlaw motorcycle clubs first began to appear in 609:business, specifically relating to access to the 8348: 4477:Royal Canadian Mounted Police Gazette Volume: 56 4437:. Archived from the original on 23 November 2022 4415:Xavier Raufer, Institut de Criminologie de Paris 4029:Laughlin Shootout: Signs told of melee in making 3799:The Biker Trials: Bringing Down the Hells Angels 2742:, Jones & Bartlett Publishers, p. 432, 624:The Hells Angels sponsors charitable events for 378:Outlaw clubs began wearing the "1%" patch after 265:sued over their exclusion from a charity event. 98:, and a set of ideals that purport to celebrate 36:. For general types of motorcycling groups, see 5693: 4459:) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 3194:"Community Narratives: Tales of Terror and Joy" 3004: 2726: 2479: 2477: 1946:Bike lust: Harleys, women, and American society 1832:In March 1972 (p.3), Chas Deane, the editor of 530:Outlaw motorcycle clubs as criminal enterprises 237:image, and the heavy use of drugs and alcohol. 5679:FX Greenlights New Series from Shield Producer 4997: 3765:Was Noye case witness killed by Hell's Angels? 3379:Dozens of Outlaw Bikers Arrested in ATF Sting. 3005:Mahan, Sue; O'Neil, Katherine (10 June 1998). 2486:"A Brief History of "Outlaw" Motorcycle Clubs" 2334: 2193: 1967: 1965: 1893:"A Brief History of "Outlaw" Motorcycle Clubs" 976:. Following the group's initial foundation in 803:but nothing outside the province at that time. 666:Relationships between outlaw motorcycles clubs 560:Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations 131: 7936: 6722: 6180: 6016:Winterhalder, Edward; De Clercq, Wil (2008), 5979:Biker Gangs and Transnational Organized Crime 4358:"Outlaw motorcycle gang identification guide" 4133:"Outlaw Motorcycle Clubs and Organized Crime" 4130: 3597:- by T. O'Connor, Austin PEA State University 3583:Dozens of outlaw bikers arrested in ATF sting 3367:Dozens of outlaw bikers arrested in ATF sting 3254: 3252: 2177:p. 193, Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1990) 2043:p. 192, Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1990) 1886: 1884: 1371:Winterhalder, Edward; De Clercq, Wil (2008), 868:notable outlaw biker gangs at this time were 581:, and that they fight over territory and the 6033: 6007:, Premier of South Australia, archived from 5995: 5737:. Season 1. Episode 4. 9 February 2014. HBO. 5201: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5193: 4808:Iced: The Story of Organized Crime in Canada 3636:Narcotics Digest, Gangs In The United States 3535:- Connecticut Gang Investigators Association 2539:"Motorcyclists Take Over Town, Many Injured" 2474: 2257: 2255: 1646:, members of the gang are enthralled by the 1388: 148:and floodlights on the front of the building 6736: 5367:"The Most Dangerous Biker Gangs in America" 3920: 3893: 3327: 3144: 3098:HOPPER, COLUMBUS B.; MOORE, JOHNNY (1990). 3097: 2958:Hopper, Columbus B.; Moore, Johnny (1990). 2957: 2917: 2872:. Johnson Publishing Company. December 1966 2775:on 25 October 2008 – via news.com.au. 2763:"Bikers face murder, torture, drug charges" 2491:International Journal of Motorcycle Studies 2433: 2431: 2315:Assoc, American Motorcyclist (March 2003), 2213: 2109: 2107: 2026:- Motorcycle Club and Riding Club Education 1962: 1938: 1936: 1898:International Journal of Motorcycle Studies 1868:, Adams Media Corp, pp. 193–203, 277, 1584:The plot of the Danish-language miniseries 1490:thought it was too obvious to have them be 1426:genre took off in the mid-1960s, after the 720:Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission 7943: 7929: 6729: 6715: 6187: 6173: 5699: 5663: 5550: 5548: 4736:The Rebels: A Brotherhood of Outlaw Bikers 4131:Lampe, Klaus von; Blokland, Arjan (2020). 3983: 3951: 3813:, by Jerry Langton, Wiley & Sons, 2006 3294: 3249: 2804: 2710:Hell's angels: a strange and terrible saga 2371: 2064: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2056: 1920:, University of Toronto Press, p. 4, 1917:The Rebels: a brotherhood of outlaw bikers 1909: 1907: 1881: 1857: 1855: 1714:. The Lost return as minor antagonists in 1590:revolves around a fictional biker gang in 5190: 5015: 4884: 4804: 3191: 3045: 3043: 3041: 2815:, Oneworld Publications, pp. 11–12, 2636: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2559: 2536: 2252: 1086:. They are a support club for the larger 859:for independent outlaw motorcycle clubs. 505:after members were rejected by the local 343:of such items is far outweighed by their 8190:Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned 6149:) is being considered for deletion. See 6123:) is being considered for deletion. See 5416: 5207:"Outlaw motorcycle gangs – USA overview" 4216:Dowling, Christopher (1 February 2021). 4063: 4061: 3746:Feds bust motorcycle gang with Ore. ties 3702: 3198:American Journal of Community Psychology 2706: 2507: 2505: 2428: 2398:"Police blitz hits bikers' charity ride" 2104: 1971: 1933: 1804:List of outlaw motorcycle club conflicts 1707:Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned 1214: 471: 354: 278: 135: 53: 8338:Outline of motorcycles and motorcycling 7149:Warlocks (Pennsylvania/Delaware Valley) 6574:List of long-distance motorcycle riders 6001:"Police to boost organized crime fight" 5941: 5545: 5249:Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department 4998:Rostami, Amir; Mondani, Hernan (2019). 4759: 4393:Hell's Angels' wings clipped in Belgium 4215: 3929:"Judge sides with biker gang over logo" 3902:"Hells Angel kills NSW anti-bikie laws" 3899: 3822: 2483: 2053: 1949:, Univ of Wisconsin Press, p. 15, 1904: 1890: 1852: 1016:The outlaw motorcycle club movement of 219: 14: 8349: 5976: 5184: 5172: 5140:Onepercenterbikers (22 October 2016). 4805:Schneider, Stephen (9 December 2009). 4575: 4573: 4571: 4569: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4534: 4532: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4455:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 4080:. Theaustralian.com.au. 29 August 2013 3989: 3847: 3300: 3258: 3058: 3038: 2890: 2810: 2788:"Raid targets Mongols motorcycle gang" 2785: 2735: 2612: 2352: 2194:Brown, Roland; McDiarmid, Mac (2000), 7924: 6710: 6168: 5700:Bellafante, Gina (3 September 2008), 4961: 4917:"Editorial: Violent motorcycle gangs" 4705: 4678: 4581:"Loners bikers hit in pre-dawn raids" 4058: 3965:North Hollywood and Toluca Lake Patch 3870: 3619: 3617: 3615: 2834: 2502: 2484:Dulaney, William L. (November 2005), 2395: 2281:"Motorcycle Gang Training For Yakima" 2278: 2261: 2219: 1942: 1891:Dulaney, William L. (November 2005), 1622:Law & Order: Special Victims Unit 1494:dealers, and so instead they traffic 1294: 1242: 476:A man and woman dressed in biker gear 5223:from the original on 23 January 2022 5160:"Satans Slaves MC (Motorcycle Club)" 5076: 4885:Agusta, Rizal Widya; Hastuti, Lina. 4732: 4425:Vier criminele motorbendes in België 4301: 3767:- Guardian Observer, 15 October 2000 3686:Bikers' Clubhouse Vacated, Destroyed 2372:Calligeros, Marissa (22 June 2009), 1913: 1861: 1304: 1283:fashion, and, initially an American 777:Criminal Intelligence Service Canada 739:opened its first Belgian chapter in 540:Criminal Intelligence Service Canada 6051:Coulthart, Ross and McNab, Duncan, 5999:; Holloway, Paul (13 August 2007), 5269:"All About The Detroit Biker Gangs" 4566: 4529: 4489: 3926: 3703:Thompson, Tony (28 February 2005). 3674:The Hells Angels' Devilish Business 3607:The Hells Angels' Devilish Business 3192:Rappaport, Julian (February 2000). 3151:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 3104:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 2964:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 2357:, Riverside, Calif., p. B.01, 1142:. Various other clubs, such as the 314:One-, two-, and three-piece patches 144:New York City clubhouse, with many 24: 8134:Ghost Rider (Swedish motorcyclist) 6079:, Constable & Robinson, 2007 ( 5918:"Ride to Hell: Retribution Review" 5390: 5327:"Local biker gangs clash with law" 4654:"The Worst Hell's Angel in Canada" 3957: 3612: 3573:- California Department of Justice 3147:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 3100:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 2960:"Women in Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 2938: 2200:, Anness Publishing, p. 352, 1335:by removing the content or adding 1140:Pissed Off Bastards of Bloomington 687: 467: 395:to begin wearing the "1%" emblem. 391:became the first club east of the 25: 8388: 7950: 7771:National Western Complex shootout 6153:to help reach a consensus. › 6127:to help reach a consensus. › 6106: 6072:. St. Paul, MN: Motorbooks, 2005. 5626: 5442: 5099:. 8 November 2018. Archived from 4656:. 15 January 2021. Archived from 4055:. David Weber, ABC News Australia 3801:, by Paul Cherry, ECW Press, 2005 2786:Glover, Scott (22 October 2008), 2771:. 23 October 2008. Archived from 1093: 1043:, along with many other parts of 972:The most prominent Dutch club is 878:Devil's Disciples Motorcycle Club 775:in the early 1950s. In 1978, the 517:Outlaw motorcycle clubs and crime 365:American Motorcyclist Association 268: 251: 227:American Motorcyclist Association 119:American Motorcyclist Association 86:generally centered on the use of 6630:Production motorcycles (by speed 5935: 5910: 5882: 5868: 5854: 5840: 5828:"Bad Blood: Season 2, Episode 2" 5820: 5803: 5797: 5783: 5769: 5755: 5741: 5720: 5670: 5647: 5620: 5611: 5602: 5593: 5584: 5575: 5566: 5557: 5534: 5525: 5516: 5507: 5498: 5489: 5480: 5471: 5462: 5436: 5417:Throttle, Insane (23 May 2020). 5410: 5384: 5359: 5333: 5319: 5305: 5291: 5261: 5152: 5142:"Road Rats MC (Motorcycle Club)" 5133: 5115: 5089: 5070: 5050: 5032: 4974: 4955: 4941: 4923: 4909: 4878: 4843: 4825: 4798: 4784: 4753: 4733:Wolf, Daniel R. (January 1991). 4726: 4699: 4672: 4646: 4628: 4599: 4386: 4368: 4350: 4336: 4322: 4305:Modern Criminal Law of Australia 4302:Gans, Jeremy (5 December 2016). 4295: 4281: 4263: 4244: 4209: 4195: 4189:"Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMGs)" 4181: 4163: 4124: 4110: 4092: 4070: 4046: 4034: 4022: 3848:Nicaso, Antonio (24 June 2001). 3059:Watson, J. Mark (October 1980). 2268:, Washington, D.C., p. A.07 1783: 1309: 1117: 850: 678: 415:, which are earned similarly to 398: 350: 6694:List of outlaw motorcycle clubs 5443:Allen, John Wisely and Robert. 5275:. 12 March 2019. Archived from 4739:. University of Toronto Press. 4043:- New York Times, 13 March 2002 4010: 3900:Godfrey, Miles (23 June 2011), 3864: 3841: 3816: 3804: 3792: 3758: 3739: 3727: 3696: 3679: 3667: 3648: 3629: 3600: 3588: 3576: 3557: 3538: 3519: 3500: 3488: 3398: 3384: 3372: 3360: 3348: 3339: 3321: 3304:Biker Gangs and Organized Crime 3301:Barker, Thomas (6 April 2010). 3240: 3185: 3138: 3091: 3052: 3025: 2998: 2951: 2932: 2911: 2884: 2860: 2839:, in Rollin, Bernard E. (ed.), 2828: 2779: 2755: 2700: 2673: 2667: 2655: 2603: 2594: 2585: 2576: 2560:Dougherty, C.I. (6 July 1947), 2553: 2537:Dougherty, C.I. (5 July 1947), 2530: 2514:Michael Beebe and Dan Herbeck, 2461: 2407: 2396:Joyce, Nikkii (3 August 2009), 2389: 2365: 2346: 2328: 2308: 2299: 2279:Klugh, David (7 October 2009), 2272: 2187: 2159: 2150: 2132: 2094:p. 159 Peter Gottschalk (2010) 1826: 1799:List of outlaw motorcycle clubs 1079:all have chapters in Thailand. 882:American group of the same name 536:Federal Bureau of Investigation 211:In these clubs, some amount of 7726:Battersea Arts Centre incident 6130:One percenter motorcycle clubs 5942:Pereira, Daniel (4 May 2019). 5806:"Dogs Of Berlin ve Almancılar" 4792:"Popeyes MC (Motorcycle Club)" 4706:Caine, Alex (8 January 2013). 4679:Caine, Alex (8 January 2013). 4516:www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca 4308:. Cambridge University Press. 3823:Jamison, Michael (July 2000). 2445:. 10 June 2006. Archived from 2317:"Gang fears hurt charity ride" 2017: 1689: 1006: 995: 952: 870:Satan's Choice Motorcycle Club 13: 1: 6279:Universal Japanese Motorcycle 6138: 6112: 6034:Winterhalder, Edward (2006), 5214:National Institute of Justice 5077:Hore, Monique (3 July 2013). 4171:"Top 6 Notorious Biker Gangs" 3990:Mather, Kate (20 June 2011), 3595:Organized Crime Investigation 3077:10.1080/01639625.1980.9967541 2232:University of Wisconsin Press 1845: 1653:as her personal army. In the 1632:Several TV series set in the 1597:The German-language TV show, 1553:New South Wales Supreme Court 1444: 1389:Winterhalder, Edward (2006), 1364: 1210: 1168: 615:Royal Canadian Mounted Police 283:Motorcycle club vest, Germany 198: 8128:Bikie Wars: Brothers in Arms 7823:Rock Machine–Rebels conflict 6625:Motorcycle land-speed record 5812:(in Turkish). Archived from 3880:, Random House, p. 65, 3736:- Time Magazine, 13 May 1985 3035:. Harper Collins, 2001. p103 2799:according to the indictment. 2707:Thompson, Hunter S. (1996), 2115:"Levels of Club Affiliation" 1976:, TV Books, pp. 43–44, 1540:Bikie Wars: Brothers in Arms 1077:Hells Angels Motorcycle Club 1073:No Surrender Motorcycle Club 990:Judiciary of the Netherlands 982:No Surrender Motorcycle Club 943:Rock Machine Motorcycle Club 927:Eight Demons Motorcycle Club 923:Hells Angels Motorcycle Club 912: 702: 619:Provincial Court of Manitoba 574:as outlaw motorcycle gangs. 345:unfairly prejudicial effects 7: 7781:Copenhagen Airport shooting 5890:"GTA Online: Bikers Update" 4962:Mutch, Tom (11 July 2020). 4766:bustedknucklechronicles.com 3755:– KVAL-CBS, 21 October 2008 3609:- CNN.com, 30 November 1992 3585:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3381:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3369:- NBC News, 21 October 2008 3330:Journal of American Culture 2649:September 15, 2022, at the 1776: 1619:In Season 11, Episode 9 of 1517:called the Iron Crusaders. 1034: 564:California Attorney General 326:clubs or side patches. The 263:Warlocks MC of Pennsylvania 132:Organization and leadership 113:In the United States, such 106:to mainstream culture, and 49:Motorcycle Gang (1994 film) 45:Motorcycle Gang (1957 film) 10: 8393: 6844:Devil's Disciples (Canada) 6077:The Mammoth Book of Bikers 6055:Allen & Unwin, 2008, ( 5970: 5423:Insane Throttle Biker News 4712:. Random House of Canada. 4685:. Random House of Canada. 3780:Organized Crime Fact Sheet 3709:. Hodder & Stoughton. 3645:- the National Gang Center 3163:10.1177/089124190018004001 3116:10.1177/089124190018004001 2976:10.1177/089124190018004001 2181:November 10, 2022, at the 2073:Office of Justice Programs 2047:November 10, 2022, at the 1298: 1205:Highwaymen Motorcycle Club 1188: 1163:U.S. Department of Justice 1061:Comanchero Motorcycle Club 904: 725: 617:Gazette, quoting from the 322:, a three-piece patch for 272: 259:mask their criminal nature 126:U.S. Department of Justice 90:motorcycles, particularly 66:, known colloquially as a 42: 31: 8335: 8245: 8213: 8204:Ride to Hell: Retribution 8181: 8113: 8100: 8065: 8024: 8001: 7956: 7882: 7836: 7751:Grondalski family murders 7713: 7167: 6744: 6662: 6615: 6582: 6559: 6531: 6409: 6324: 6247: 6211: 5347:. 25 June 1969. p. 3 5017:10.1007/s12117-017-9310-y 5004:Trends in Organized Crime 4811:. John Wiley & Sons. 4483:December 8, 2022, at the 4203:"Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs" 3850:"Angels With Dirty Faces" 3569:12 September 2011 at the 3408:. Anti-Defamation League. 3394:. Anti-Defamation League. 3307:. Routledge. p. 52. 3269:10.1007/s12117-005-1005-0 3261:Trends in Organized Crime 2843:, Open Court Publishing, 2119:Wolfpack Motorocycle Club 1751:Ride to Hell: Retribution 1634:Marvel Cinematic Universe 1331:Please help Knowledge to 1069:Satudarah Motorcycle Club 1011: 935:Satudarah Motorcycle Club 862: 762: 456:. These may not indicate 8140:Harley and the Davidsons 7786:Copenhagen rocket attack 7766:Murder of Cynthia Garcia 7736:First Montreal biker war 6677:List of motorcycle clubs 6151:templates for discussion 6125:templates for discussion 6038:, Blockhead City Press, 5255:28 November 2021 at the 3626:- CBC News, 5 April 2007 3550:22 December 2009 at the 3512:22 December 2009 at the 2676:"Mongols – SW Affidavit" 2092:Policing Organized Crime 1914:Wolf, Daniel R. (1992), 1819: 1675:Hell's Kitchen, New York 1393:, Blockhead City Press, 1088:Bandidos Motorcycle Club 8357:Outlaw motorcycle clubs 8263:Colin "Caesar" Campbell 7455:Mickey Borgfjord Larsen 7355:Harley Davidson Guindon 7250:Colin "Caesar" Campbell 6979:Market Street Commandos 6964:Lone Legion Brotherhood 6738:Outlaw motorcycle clubs 6401:Testing and measurement 5977:Barker, Thomas (2014). 5631:. Scope. Archived from 5245:Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs 4548:"Biker Gangs in Canada" 3785:18 October 2008 at the 3419:U.S. Dept. of Justice, 3355:Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs 3210:10.1023/a:1005161528817 2835:Pratt, Alan R. (2006), 2736:Becker, Ronald (1996), 2220:Joans, Barbara (2001), 1996:U.S. Dept. of Justice, 1943:Joans, Barbara (2001), 1727:Grand Theft Auto Online 1594:known as the Wolves MC. 1581:Mayans Motorcycle Club. 1154:, were later formed by 1136:Market Street Commandos 1084:Diablos Motorcycle Club 1065:Gremium Motorcycle Club 1057:Outlaws Motorcycle Club 1053:Mongols Motorcycle Club 947:Diablos Motorcycle Club 659:Mongols Motorcycle Club 654:High Court of Australia 503:Mongols Motorcycle Club 34:Outlaws Motorcycle Club 7984:Outlaw motorcycle club 7905:List of club conflicts 6234:Motorcycle occupations 5682:, IGN, 10 October 2007 5273:Bobberbrothers Apparel 5247:Deputy John Williams, 4610:csc.lexum.umontreal.ca 4175:Sky HISTORY TV channel 3789:- Public Safety Canada 3031:Ralph (Sonny) Barger. 2811:Bourne, Craig (2007), 2739:Criminal Investigation 2355:The Press – Enterprise 2337:The Press – Enterprise 2024:1% – Example of Bylaws 1972:Reynolds, Tom (2001), 1745:The critically panned 1683:Matt Murdock/Daredevil 1643:Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. 1224: 1049:Rebels Motorcycle Club 939:Rebels Motorcycle Club 743:in 1997. In 1999, the 640:, who infiltrated the 477: 360: 284: 149: 64:outlaw motorcycle club 59: 7721:Altamont Free Concert 7009:Notorious (Australia) 6904:Grim Reapers (Canada) 6092:Consent and Consensus 5981:. London: Routledge. 3934:San Jose Mercury News 3907:Sydney Morning Herald 3734:Busting Hell's Angels 3641:25 March 2009 at the 3624:Biker Gangs in Canada 3531:4 August 2015 at the 2891:Wright, Alan (2006). 2339:, Riverside, Calif., 2322:American Motorcyclist 2079:December 8, 2022, at 1697:action-adventure game 1470:. This show predated 1440:(1966) was published. 1218: 931:Finks Motorcycle Club 475: 358: 282: 275:Colors (motorcycling) 139: 79:(in Australia), is a 57: 27:Motorcycle subculture 8372:Criminal subcultures 7756:Lennoxville massacre 7405:David George Hoffman 6769:Black Diamond Riders 5146:One Percenter Bikers 4837:La Mémoire du Québec 4794:. 30 September 2017. 4760:Charbonneau, Renee. 4474:Hells Angels Forever 3751:14 July 2009 at the 2664:KTLA TV, Los Angeles 2629:5 April 2015 at the 2402:Sunshine Coast Daily 2146:. 30 September 2015. 2098:August 28, 2024, at 1862:Drew, A. J. (2002), 1835:Motorcycle Mechanics 1333:improve this article 1059:. Additionally, the 562:(RICO) statute. The 404:behalf of the club. 220:Outlaw biker culture 172:(sometimes known as 168:, road captain, and 110:to the biker group. 8362:1950s introductions 8173:Gangland Undercover 8114:Film and television 8066:Japanese subculture 7680:Edward Winterhalder 7034:Pissed off Bastards 7019:Original Red Devils 7014:Notorious (Germany) 6639:Freestyle motocross 5954:on 26 February 2021 5816:on 1 December 2021. 5779:. 17 December 2018. 5765:. 13 November 2018. 5751:. 13 November 2018. 5103:on 19 February 2022 4984:. 16 February 2021. 3837:on 17 October 2000. 3825:"Storm Approaching" 3660:16 May 2008 at the 3429:on 10 February 2010 2524:April 20, 2021, at 2265:The Washington Post 1701:Grand Theft Auto IV 1560:Gangland Undercover 1345:independent sources 1041:Kingdom of Thailand 963:Kreidler Ploeg Oost 755:has designated the 601:, and 130 cases of 300:Harley Owners Group 8313:Hunter S. Thompson 8222:Back Street Heroes 7690:Gordon van Haarlem 7540:Bent Svane Nielsen 7525:Giovanni Muscedere 7275:Salvatore Cazzetta 7225:Phillip Boudreault 7210:Howard Doyle Berry 7144:Warlocks (Florida) 6909:Grim Reapers (USA) 6156:Outlaw biker gangs 5850:. 7 December 2018. 5810:Bir Parça Tuhaftık 5707:The New York Times 5449:Detroit Free Press 5345:Detroit Free Press 5279:on 26 October 2021 4772:on 27 October 2021 4660:on 31 October 2021 4429:Het Laatste Nieuws 4346:. 2 December 2019. 4106:. 31 January 2020. 4041:73 Bikers Arrested 3545:2004 Annual Report 3507:2004 Annual Report 3476:on 1 December 2022 2572:on 3 November 2015 2549:on 3 November 2015 2520:(October 2, 1994) 2228:Madison, Wisconsin 2071:Heather Hamilton, 1732:GTA Online: Bikers 1717:Grand Theft Auto V 1454:(2002) was set in 1432:Hunter S. Thompson 1295:In popular culture 1277:leather subculture 1243:Cultural influence 1225: 880:(unrelated to the 583:illegal drug trade 524:Hunter S. Thompson 478: 361: 285: 150: 60: 8344: 8343: 8331: 8330: 8146:Outlaw biker film 8096: 8095: 7918: 7917: 7910:Outlaw biker film 7798:Ontario Biker War 7761:Milperra massacre 7555:Michael O'Farrell 7475:Michael Ljunggren 7380:Claus Bork Hansen 7270:Giovanni Cazzetta 7235:Willem van Boxtel 7200:Harry Paul Barnes 7104:Sin City Deciples 6704: 6703: 6444:Japanese Big Four 6027:978-1-55022-824-3 6011:on 31 August 2007 5898:. 12 October 2016 5635:on 30 August 2006 5162:. 8 January 2016. 4863:978-1-74229-163-5 4364:. 4 October 2013. 4229:978-1-922478-05-4 4137:Crime and Justice 3997:Los Angeles Times 3860:on 28 April 2002. 3314:978-1-4377-5507-7 3018:978-0-7619-1359-7 2904:978-1-84392-140-0 2822:978-1-85168-520-2 2793:Los Angeles Times 2291:on 13 July 2011, 1571:is a spin-off of 1545:Milperra massacre 1424:outlaw biker film 1382:978-1-55022-824-3 1362: 1361: 1301:Outlaw biker film 1253:outlaw biker film 1237:Pacific Northwest 1161:According to the 821:, nine 9) in the 735:of Scotland. The 393:Mississippi River 328:three-piece patch 16:(Redirected from 8384: 8377:Motorcycle clubs 8111: 8110: 8058:Youth subculture 8022: 8021: 7979:Motorcycle rally 7945: 7938: 7931: 7922: 7921: 7818:Shedden massacre 7808:Quebec Biker War 7803:Port Hope 8 case 7776:Nordic Biker War 7640:Donald Stockford 7615:Martin Schippert 7605:Armand Sanguigni 7495:Philip McElwaine 7445:George Kriarakis 7430:Wayne Kellestine 7415:Jan Krogh Jensen 7315:Frédéric Faucher 7310:Rudi Heinz Elten 7285:Patrick Champoux 7185:Marcello Aravena 6864:East Bay Dragons 6731: 6724: 6717: 6708: 6707: 6634:by acceleration) 6569:Motorcycle rally 6189: 6182: 6175: 6166: 6165: 6048: 6030: 6012: 5992: 5964: 5963: 5961: 5959: 5950:. Archived from 5939: 5933: 5932: 5930: 5928: 5914: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903: 5886: 5880: 5879: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5858: 5852: 5851: 5844: 5838: 5837: 5824: 5818: 5817: 5801: 5795: 5794: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5773: 5767: 5766: 5759: 5753: 5752: 5745: 5739: 5738: 5724: 5718: 5717: 5716: 5714: 5697: 5691: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5674: 5668: 5667: 5655:The Last Chapter 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5624: 5618: 5615: 5609: 5606: 5600: 5597: 5591: 5588: 5582: 5579: 5573: 5570: 5564: 5561: 5555: 5552: 5543: 5538: 5532: 5529: 5523: 5520: 5514: 5511: 5505: 5502: 5496: 5493: 5487: 5484: 5478: 5475: 5469: 5466: 5460: 5459: 5457: 5455: 5440: 5434: 5433: 5431: 5429: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5405: 5403: 5391:MURRAY, Rheana. 5388: 5382: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5354: 5352: 5337: 5331: 5330: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5309: 5303: 5302: 5295: 5289: 5288: 5286: 5284: 5265: 5259: 5242: 5233: 5232: 5230: 5228: 5222: 5211: 5203: 5188: 5182: 5176: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5129:. 26 March 2017. 5119: 5113: 5112: 5110: 5108: 5093: 5087: 5086: 5074: 5068: 5067: 5054: 5048: 5047: 5046:. 26 March 2017. 5036: 5030: 5029: 5019: 4995: 4986: 4985: 4978: 4972: 4971: 4959: 4953: 4952: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4927: 4921: 4920: 4913: 4907: 4906: 4882: 4876: 4875: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4829: 4823: 4822: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4788: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4768:. Archived from 4757: 4751: 4750: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4703: 4697: 4696: 4676: 4670: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4650: 4644: 4643: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4616:on 27 March 2010 4612:. 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Archived from 3820: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3777: 3768: 3762: 3756: 3743: 3737: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3700: 3694: 3693:(15 August 1985) 3683: 3677: 3671: 3665: 3652: 3646: 3633: 3627: 3621: 3610: 3604: 3598: 3592: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3561: 3555: 3542: 3536: 3526:Motorcycle Gangs 3523: 3517: 3504: 3498: 3492: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3481: 3472:. Archived from 3453: 3438: 3437: 3436: 3434: 3425:, archived from 3422:Motorcycle Gangs 3416: 3410: 3409: 3402: 3396: 3395: 3388: 3382: 3376: 3370: 3364: 3358: 3352: 3346: 3343: 3337: 3336: 3325: 3319: 3318: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3256: 3247: 3244: 3238: 3237: 3189: 3183: 3182: 3142: 3136: 3135: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3065:Deviant Behavior 3056: 3050: 3047: 3036: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2947:on 5 March 2010. 2943:. 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Archived from 2680: 2671: 2665: 2659: 2653: 2640: 2634: 2621: 2610: 2607: 2601: 2598: 2592: 2589: 2583: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2568:, archived from 2557: 2551: 2550: 2545:, archived from 2534: 2528: 2517:The Buffalo News 2509: 2500: 2499: 2481: 2472: 2465: 2459: 2458: 2456: 2454: 2449:on 12 April 2006 2435: 2426: 2425: 2411: 2405: 2404: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2369: 2363: 2362: 2350: 2344: 2343: 2332: 2326: 2325: 2312: 2306: 2303: 2297: 2296: 2287:, archived from 2276: 2270: 2269: 2259: 2250: 2249: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2191: 2185: 2172: 2166: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2148: 2147: 2136: 2130: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2111: 2102: 2089: 2083: 2066: 2051: 2038: 2027: 2021: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2006:on 15 April 2014 2002:, archived from 1999:Motorcycle Gangs 1993: 1987: 1986: 1969: 1960: 1959: 1940: 1931: 1930: 1911: 1902: 1901: 1888: 1879: 1878: 1859: 1839: 1830: 1793: 1788: 1787: 1763:post-apocalyptic 1736:counterfeit cash 1464:Quebec Biker War 1452:The Last Chapter 1450:The mini-series 1417:Robert Muchamore 1403: 1385: 1357: 1354: 1348: 1313: 1312: 1305: 1233:clandestine labs 1183:Albany, New York 1156:Vietnam veterans 1112:Satans Slaves MC 1022:Nordic countries 874:Popeye Moto Club 611:Port of Montreal 607:drug trafficking 591:Quebec Biker War 446:insignia of the 347:on the defence. 242:motorcycle clubs 240:Many non-outlaw 170:sergeant-at-arms 146:security cameras 115:motorcycle clubs 92:Harley-Davidsons 76: 75: 21: 8392: 8391: 8387: 8386: 8385: 8383: 8382: 8381: 8367:1966 neologisms 8347: 8346: 8345: 8340: 8327: 8268:George Christie 8241: 8209: 8177: 8152:Sons of Anarchy 8109: 8092: 8061: 8020: 7997: 7952: 7949: 7919: 7914: 7878: 7837:Law enforcement 7832: 7791:Drammen bombing 7731:First Biker War 7709: 7685:Gregory Woolley 7630:Walter Stadnick 7625:Anthony Spencer 7600:Michael Sandham 7450:Michel Langlois 7395:Peter John Hill 7290:George Christie 7280:Donald Chambers 7220:Maurice Boucher 7163: 7119:Sons of Silence 7049:Rebels (Canada) 6884:Galloping Goose 6839:Devils Diciples 6824:Coffin Cheaters 6740: 6735: 6705: 6700: 6684:Motorcycle gang 6672:Motorcycle club 6658: 6611: 6578: 6555: 6527: 6434:Harley-Davidson 6405: 6320: 6243: 6207: 6193: 6154: 6128: 6109: 6046: 6028: 5989: 5973: 5968: 5967: 5957: 5955: 5940: 5936: 5926: 5924: 5916: 5915: 5911: 5901: 5899: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5874: 5873: 5869: 5860: 5859: 5855: 5846: 5845: 5841: 5833:Rotten Tomatoes 5826: 5825: 5821: 5802: 5798: 5789: 5788: 5784: 5775: 5774: 5770: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5747: 5746: 5742: 5726: 5725: 5721: 5712: 5710: 5698: 5694: 5685: 5683: 5676: 5675: 5671: 5652: 5648: 5638: 5636: 5627:Syder, Andrew. 5625: 5621: 5616: 5612: 5607: 5603: 5598: 5594: 5589: 5585: 5580: 5576: 5571: 5567: 5562: 5558: 5553: 5546: 5539: 5535: 5530: 5526: 5521: 5517: 5512: 5508: 5503: 5499: 5494: 5490: 5485: 5481: 5476: 5472: 5467: 5463: 5453: 5451: 5441: 5437: 5427: 5425: 5415: 5411: 5401: 5399: 5389: 5385: 5375: 5373: 5365: 5364: 5360: 5350: 5348: 5339: 5338: 5334: 5325: 5324: 5320: 5311: 5310: 5306: 5297: 5296: 5292: 5282: 5280: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5257:Wayback Machine 5243: 5236: 5226: 5224: 5220: 5209: 5205: 5204: 5191: 5183: 5179: 5171: 5167: 5158: 5157: 5153: 5138: 5134: 5121: 5120: 5116: 5106: 5104: 5095: 5094: 5090: 5075: 5071: 5066:. 18 July 2019. 5063:TheGuardian.com 5056: 5055: 5051: 5038: 5037: 5033: 4996: 4989: 4980: 4979: 4975: 4968:The Daily Beast 4960: 4956: 4951:. 19 June 2018. 4947: 4946: 4942: 4929: 4928: 4924: 4915: 4914: 4910: 4883: 4879: 4864: 4848: 4844: 4831: 4830: 4826: 4819: 4803: 4799: 4790: 4789: 4785: 4775: 4773: 4758: 4754: 4747: 4731: 4727: 4720: 4704: 4700: 4693: 4677: 4673: 4663: 4661: 4652: 4651: 4647: 4634: 4633: 4629: 4619: 4617: 4605: 4604: 4600: 4590: 4588: 4587:. 19 April 2013 4579: 4578: 4567: 4557: 4555: 4546: 4545: 4530: 4520: 4518: 4510: 4509: 4490: 4485:Wayback Machine 4472: 4468: 4448: 4447: 4440: 4438: 4435:"Archived copy" 4433: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4405: 4398:Birmingham Post 4391: 4387: 4380:www.acic.gov.au 4374: 4373: 4369: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4342: 4341: 4337: 4328: 4327: 4323: 4316: 4300: 4296: 4287: 4286: 4282: 4277:. 16 June 2023. 4269: 4268: 4264: 4249: 4245: 4230: 4214: 4210: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4187: 4186: 4182: 4169: 4168: 4164: 4129: 4125: 4116: 4115: 4111: 4098: 4097: 4093: 4083: 4081: 4076: 4075: 4071: 4066: 4059: 4051: 4047: 4039: 4035: 4027: 4023: 4015: 4011: 4002: 4000: 3988: 3984: 3975: 3973: 3972:on 13 July 2011 3958:Clough, Craig, 3956: 3952: 3943: 3941: 3927:Risling, Greg, 3925: 3921: 3912: 3910: 3898: 3894: 3888: 3869: 3865: 3846: 3842: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3797: 3793: 3787:Wayback Machine 3778: 3771: 3763: 3759: 3753:Wayback Machine 3744: 3740: 3732: 3728: 3717: 3701: 3697: 3684: 3680: 3672: 3668: 3662:Wayback Machine 3653: 3649: 3643:Wayback Machine 3634: 3630: 3622: 3613: 3605: 3601: 3593: 3589: 3581: 3577: 3571:Wayback Machine 3562: 3558: 3552:Wayback Machine 3543: 3539: 3533:Wayback Machine 3524: 3520: 3514:Wayback Machine 3505: 3501: 3493: 3489: 3479: 3477: 3470: 3454: 3441: 3432: 3430: 3417: 3413: 3404: 3403: 3399: 3390: 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Machine 2039: 2030: 2022: 2018: 2009: 2007: 1994: 1990: 1984: 1970: 1963: 1957: 1941: 1934: 1928: 1912: 1905: 1889: 1882: 1876: 1860: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1842: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1789: 1782: 1779: 1692: 1574:Sons of Anarchy 1529:methamphetamine 1492:methamphetamine 1479:Sons of Anarchy 1472:Sons of Anarchy 1447: 1401: 1383: 1367: 1358: 1352: 1349: 1330: 1326:popular culture 1314: 1310: 1303: 1297: 1245: 1213: 1191: 1171: 1148:Sons of Silence 1120: 1096: 1045:South-East Asia 1037: 1014: 1009: 998: 955: 915: 907: 865: 853: 765: 728: 705: 690: 688:Regional scenes 681: 668: 566:also lists the 532: 519: 470: 468:Gender and race 458:Nazi sympathies 407:There are also 401: 353: 341:probative value 316: 277: 271: 254: 222: 201: 142:Hells Angels MC 134: 73: 72: 52: 41: 38:Motorcycle club 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8390: 8380: 8379: 8374: 8369: 8364: 8359: 8342: 8341: 8336: 8333: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8293:Donny Petersen 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 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4752: 4745: 4725: 4718: 4698: 4691: 4671: 4645: 4627: 4598: 4565: 4554:. 13 July 2011 4528: 4488: 4466: 4432:(14 May 2009) 4417: 4403: 4385: 4367: 4349: 4335: 4321: 4314: 4294: 4280: 4262: 4243: 4228: 4208: 4194: 4180: 4162: 4149:10.1086/708926 4123: 4120:. 6 June 2011. 4109: 4091: 4069: 4057: 4045: 4033: 4021: 4009: 3982: 3950: 3919: 3892: 3886: 3872:Queen, William 3863: 3854:tandemnews.com 3840: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3769: 3757: 3738: 3726: 3715: 3695: 3678: 3666: 3647: 3628: 3611: 3599: 3587: 3575: 3556: 3537: 3518: 3499: 3487: 3468: 3439: 3411: 3397: 3383: 3371: 3359: 3347: 3338: 3320: 3313: 3293: 3248: 3239: 3184: 3157:(4): 363–387. 3137: 3110:(4): 363–387. 3090: 3051: 3037: 3024: 3017: 2997: 2970:(4): 363–387. 2950: 2939:Carlie, Mike. 2931: 2910: 2903: 2897:. Willan Pub. 2883: 2869:Ebony Dec 1966 2859: 2849: 2827: 2821: 2803: 2778: 2754: 2748: 2725: 2719: 2699: 2666: 2654: 2635: 2611: 2602: 2593: 2584: 2575: 2552: 2529: 2501: 2473: 2460: 2427: 2417:New York Times 2406: 2388: 2379:Brisbane Times 2364: 2345: 2327: 2307: 2298: 2271: 2251: 2240: 2212: 2206: 2186: 2167: 2158: 2149: 2131: 2103: 2084: 2052: 2028: 2016: 1988: 1982: 1961: 1955: 1932: 1926: 1903: 1880: 1874: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1840: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1817: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1791:Society portal 1778: 1775: 1774: 1773: 1754: 1743: 1738:factories and 1722:Trevor Philips 1691: 1688: 1687: 1686: 1630: 1617: 1616:'s drug trade. 1606:The TV series 1604: 1600:Dogs of Berlin 1595: 1582: 1564: 1556: 1536: 1503:True Detective 1499: 1488:show's creator 1475: 1446: 1443: 1442: 1441: 1420: 1404: 1399: 1386: 1381: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1324:references to 1317: 1315: 1308: 1299:Main article: 1296: 1293: 1289:cultural icons 1257:fashion trends 1244: 1241: 1212: 1209: 1190: 1187: 1170: 1167: 1119: 1116: 1100:Blue Angels MC 1095: 1094:United Kingdom 1092: 1036: 1033: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 997: 994: 965:biker club in 954: 951: 914: 911: 906: 903: 864: 861: 857:Western Canada 852: 849: 848: 847: 843: 840: 839: 838: 814: 811: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 764: 761: 753:Federal Police 751:. The Belgian 727: 724: 704: 701: 689: 686: 680: 677: 667: 664: 531: 528: 518: 515: 469: 466: 400: 397: 372:Hollister riot 352: 349: 315: 312: 273:Main article: 270: 269:Identification 267: 253: 252:Charity events 250: 221: 218: 200: 197: 186:mother chapter 158:vice president 133: 130: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8389: 8378: 8375: 8373: 8370: 8368: 8365: 8363: 8360: 8358: 8355: 8354: 8352: 8339: 8334: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8303:William Queen 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8283:Jerry Langton 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8250: 8248: 8244: 8238: 8237: 8233: 8231: 8230: 8226: 8224: 8223: 8219: 8218: 8216: 8212: 8206: 8205: 8201: 8199: 8198: 8194: 8192: 8191: 8187: 8186: 8184: 8180: 8175: 8174: 8170: 8168: 8167: 8163: 8161: 8160: 8156: 8154: 8153: 8149: 8147: 8144: 8142: 8141: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8125: 8123: 8122: 8118: 8116: 8112: 8106: 8105: 8103: 8099: 8089: 8086: 8084: 8081: 8079: 8076: 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Vries 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7670:Claude Vézina 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7626: 7623: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7613: 7611: 7610:Richard Sauvé 7608: 7606: 7603: 7601: 7598: 7596: 7593: 7591: 7588: 7586: 7583: 7581: 7578: 7576: 7573: 7571: 7568: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7560:Mario Parente 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7530:Dwight Mushey 7528: 7526: 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7515:Thomas Möller 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7500:Garnet McEwen 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7488: 7486: 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7425:Renaud Jomphe 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7370:Normand Hamel 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 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5215: 5208: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 5194: 5187:, p. 27. 5186: 5181: 5175:, p. 25. 5174: 5169: 5161: 5155: 5147: 5143: 5136: 5128: 5124: 5118: 5102: 5098: 5092: 5084: 5080: 5073: 5065: 5064: 5059: 5053: 5045: 5041: 5035: 5027: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5009: 5005: 5001: 4994: 4992: 4983: 4977: 4969: 4965: 4958: 4950: 4944: 4936: 4932: 4926: 4918: 4912: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4881: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4855: 4854: 4846: 4838: 4834: 4828: 4820: 4818:9780470835005 4814: 4810: 4809: 4801: 4793: 4787: 4771: 4767: 4763: 4756: 4748: 4746:9780802073631 4742: 4738: 4737: 4729: 4721: 4719:9780307358967 4715: 4711: 4710: 4702: 4694: 4692:9780307358967 4688: 4684: 4683: 4675: 4659: 4655: 4649: 4641: 4637: 4631: 4615: 4611: 4608: 4602: 4586: 4582: 4576: 4574: 4572: 4570: 4553: 4549: 4543: 4541: 4539: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4517: 4513: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4501: 4499: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4486: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4470: 4462: 4458: 4452: 4436: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4421: 4414: 4413: 4407: 4400: 4399: 4395:Geoff Meade, 4394: 4389: 4381: 4377: 4371: 4363: 4359: 4353: 4345: 4339: 4331: 4325: 4317: 4315:9781108132831 4311: 4307: 4306: 4298: 4290: 4284: 4276: 4272: 4266: 4258: 4254: 4247: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4225: 4221: 4220: 4212: 4204: 4198: 4191:. 8 May 2015. 4190: 4184: 4176: 4172: 4166: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4127: 4119: 4113: 4105: 4101: 4095: 4079: 4073: 4064: 4062: 4054: 4049: 4042: 4037: 4030: 4025: 4018: 4013: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3986: 3971: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3954: 3940: 3936: 3935: 3930: 3923: 3909: 3908: 3903: 3896: 3889: 3887:0-345-48752-4 3883: 3879: 3878: 3873: 3867: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3844: 3836: 3832: 3831: 3826: 3819: 3812: 3807: 3800: 3795: 3788: 3784: 3781: 3776: 3774: 3766: 3761: 3754: 3750: 3747: 3742: 3735: 3730: 3723: 3718: 3716:9780340830529 3712: 3708: 3707: 3699: 3692: 3691: 3687: 3682: 3675: 3670: 3663: 3659: 3656: 3651: 3644: 3640: 3637: 3632: 3625: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3608: 3603: 3596: 3591: 3584: 3579: 3572: 3568: 3565: 3560: 3553: 3549: 3546: 3541: 3534: 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1402: 1400:0-9771747-0-0 1396: 1392: 1387: 1384: 1378: 1375:, ECW Press, 1374: 1369: 1368: 1356: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1334: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1318:This article 1316: 1307: 1306: 1302: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1262:working class 1258: 1254: 1250: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1222: 1217: 1208: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1196: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1179:New York City 1176: 1166: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128:Boozefighters 1125: 1118:United States 1115: 1113: 1109: 1108:Commitatus MC 1105: 1101: 1091: 1089: 1085: 1080: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1004: 1001: 993: 991: 985: 983: 979: 975: 970: 968: 964: 961:absorbed the 960: 950: 948: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 919: 910: 902: 898: 894: 890: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 860: 858: 851:Canadian West 844: 841: 835: 834: 832: 828: 824: 823:United States 820: 815: 812: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 788: 787: 784: 782: 778: 774: 770: 760: 758: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 723: 721: 716: 712: 710: 700: 698: 694: 685: 679:Support clubs 676: 672: 663: 660: 655: 650: 647: 643: 639: 638:William Queen 635: 629: 627: 626:Toys for Tots 622: 620: 616: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 587: 584: 580: 575: 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 527: 525: 514: 512: 508: 504: 498: 495: 490: 486: 482: 474: 465: 463: 459: 455: 454: 449: 448:Schutzstaffel 445: 441: 437: 432: 430: 426: 422: 421:pilot's wings 418: 414: 413:biker's wings 410: 405: 399:Other patches 396: 394: 390: 385: 381: 376: 373: 368: 366: 357: 351:One percenter 348: 346: 342: 337: 336:paraphernalia 332: 329: 325: 321: 311: 307: 305: 301: 297: 296: 291: 281: 276: 266: 264: 260: 249: 247: 243: 238: 236: 232: 228: 217: 214: 209: 207: 196: 194: 189: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 147: 143: 138: 129: 127: 122: 120: 116: 111: 109: 105: 104:nonconformity 101: 97: 93: 89: 85: 82: 78: 69: 65: 56: 50: 46: 39: 35: 30: 19: 8298:Ted Polhemus 8288:Jørn Nielsen 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