506:
568:
340:
873:
772:
25:
305:
718:
427:
555:
managed to return to
Heligoland unscathed. It was then given a triumphant reception in Wilhelmshaven. Weddigen was celebrated as a war hero in the German Empire. The sinking of three enemy ships within a very short period of time, established submarines as a means of warfare. For the German submarine
858:
was named after him. An outdoor swimming pool built there in 1935 was used as a military facility for a long time (after the war also by the
British Army) bore his name. In the last years before its demolition, the people of Herford called the outdoor pool "Otto" for short. In 1997, a leisure pool
709:
made him an honorary citizen at the age of 32. Adoration and the creation of legends quickly spread, propagandistically led by the tabloid press loyal to the Kaiser. Beer mugs, medals, wall plates and portrait busts of him were circulated in large numbers. It was soon said that almost every German
353:
in 1901 as an officer cadet. In contrast to the army which was still dominated by the
Prussian nobility, the Imperial navy offered young men from the middle class opportunities for advancement. In 1902 he was promoted to ensign and in 1904 to lieutenant. In May 1906 Weddigen was transferred to the
542:
In a later report, Weddigen openly admitted that, in addition to military skill, a large portion of luck was also involved in the operation, which was successful for the
Germans, and he clearly highlighted what he considered to be the brave conduct of the opposing soldiers. The British lost 62
135:
505:
458:. The warships, which were sailing in line, were sighted about 50km north of Hoek van Holland. Weddigen fired off all six of his torpedoes, reloaded while submerged, and in less than an hour sank the three British armoured cruisers
748:, the memory of the naval officer remained alive. Under the National Socialist regime, the memory of the former "war hero" was once again promoted, and several biographies were published. At the University of Kiel, the local
655:
for its first mission under
Weddigen. It reached its area of operations in the Irish Sea and was able to sink four ships with a total of 12,934 GRT over the next few days. On the return march around Scotland,
843:). Books about Weddigen as well as devotional items from the hero worship in the German Reich can now only be found in second-hand bookshops and at flea market dealers specializing in
1422:
1244:
1468:
847:. However, with a renewed interest in the events of the First World War, researchers and the arts pages are beginning to take a renewed interest in Weddigen as a person.
1458:
697:
during the First World War. There was initially some disagreement between German and foreign newspapers as to whether a merchant ship or a naval ship sank the U-29.
1448:
1493:
1463:
737:
in the leading role. Under the
National Socialist regime, the memory of the former "war hero" was once again promoted, and several biographies were published .
1488:
625:
Due to an injury, in
January 1915, Weddigen was forced to hand over command to his first officer, Johannes SpieĂź. After his recovery, he took over command of
1473:
710:
household had a memento of
Weddigen. The cult surrounding the submarine commander during the First World War was later surpassed only by the fighter pilot
1453:
336:
Humfeld). After a year at the
Wilhelmsplatz public school, Weddigen attended the Friedrichs-Gymnasium in his hometown of Herford from 1890 to 1901.
543:
officers and 1,397 other men were killed, leaving 837 survivors which were rescued by a
British fishing boat and the Dutch passenger steamers
765:
396:
He then received his first own command with U-4. During the next year, he also commanded U-3 and U-5 for a time before becoming commander of
556:
force, it was a success that had not been thought possible until then. Weddigen was awarded the Iron Cross, Second and First Class, by
1152:
982:
on the Lower Rhine, three streets in a mining settlement built in 1919 bear his name (Weddigenplatz, Weddigenallee, WeddigenstraĂźe).
705:
Weddigen was celebrated as a war hero in Germany as a result of his military successes, which were perceived as sensational; his
594:
by the Kaiser on 24 October 1914. He also received the highest military honours of the other kingdoms of the German Empire: The
415:
and nine other submarines for her first mission. This first war action by the German submarines failed. Two boats were lost and
455:
619:
89:
1417:
61:
308:"Victories of U-9" - a contemporary German postcard showing the photo of Weddigen against the background of the sinking
358:, which was stationed in the German colony of Kiautschou in China. He became officer of the watch on the river gunboat
1027:
108:
68:
1483:
498:'s weapons magazine caused a huge explosion and chaos on board the British ship. To make matters worse, when HMS
1379:
1351:
1271:
1189:
831:, Weddigen - unlike Richthofen - was largely forgotten outside of naval circles. At the beginning of the 1950s,
693:
then sank, with Otto Weddigen and his entire crew killed. It was the only significant combat action of the HMS
75:
46:
42:
248:
1478:
854:, Weddigen's birthplace on the corner of Petersilienstrasse and FrĂĽhherrenstrasse. The Weddigenufer on the
599:
57:
1413:
881:
792:
611:
575:
all wearing their Iron Cross, Second Class, with Otto Weddigen also wearing his Iron Cross, First Class.
439:
360:
668:). The Grand Fleet was on its way home to its base at Scapa Flow. After a missed shot at the battleship
400:, one of the Navy's newest U-boats, on 1 October 1911. Later on 25 April 1912, Weddigen was promoted to
689:
rammed the U-29, which briefly shot to the surface with its bow. The boat's number was identified. The
438:
set out from the naval base on Heligoland on a reconnaissance mission westwards. In the early hours of
986:
567:
615:
377:
force, which was then being set up. From April 1909 to September 1910 he served as watch officer on
586:
off Aberdeen, and three merchant ships, as one of the first German naval officers, he was awarded
339:
366:
35:
1098:
423:. Weddigen used the weeks of rest to marry Irma Victorine Prencke, a friend from his childhood.
832:
711:
679:
364:
and was promoted to first lieutenant. In 1907 he served as officer of the watch on the gunboat
329:
160:
1298:
1218:"Primary Documents - Sinking of the Aboukir, Cressy and Hogue by the U-9, 22 September 1914"
1443:
1438:
931:
801:
325:
282:
82:
978:(until 1947) and Kiel (also until 1947) are or were named after him. In the small town of
851:
8:
900:
783:
430:
Crew of U-9 prior to receiving their Iron Crosses where they were welcomed home as heros.
502:
rushed to help, its crew consisted almost exclusively of less well-trained reservists.
1324:
669:
603:
560:. The other crew members received the Iron Cross, Second Class. From then on, the boat
528:
459:
355:
349:
401:
217:
1217:
1068:
1023:
943:
627:
607:
595:
579:
Barely three weeks later on 15 October 1914, after Weddigen sank the British cruiser
514:
473:
235:
591:
293:
258:
979:
967:
861:
813:
804:
in Herford was also named after Weddigen. In 1937, the newly built youth hostel in
580:
521:
466:
391:
385:
379:
869:. The Otto Weddigen Marine Association, based in the town, also commemorates him.
824:. In Herford in 1937, a monument to Weddigen by Ernst Paul Hinkeldey was erected.
606:(making him one of only six non-Bavarians to receive this), the Knight's Cross of
419:, battered and with technical problems, had to return to the Imperial Shipyard in
1409:
1125:
741:
447:
899:, several streets were named after the submarine commander; Weddigenweg in the
661:
179:
787:
1432:
805:
420:
908:
828:
821:
745:
734:
872:
993:
since 1935 – the twentieth anniversary of the U-boat commander’s death .
510:
289:
904:
841:
Mit Weddigen auf groĂźe Kriegsfahrt (With Weddigen on a Great War Voyage
726:
557:
408:
262:
1299:"Medal commemorating Captain-Lieutenant Otto von Weddigen (1882-1915)"
955:
816:
built both an underwater camera and a pair of prism binoculars called
971:
963:
935:
927:
844:
771:
652:
443:
911:, ThalstraĂźe was also renamed after him in 1936 and has been called
685:. Weddigen was unable to get to depth in time. At around 13:40, the
24:
1001:
959:
919:
947:
407:
A few days after the start of World War I, Weddigen set sail from
975:
939:
885:
of the German Navy also bore the Iron Cross as its coat of arms.
800:, bore the Iron Cross as a turret badge. Department 6/160 of the
706:
587:
321:
304:
156:
134:
717:
1423:
Action of 22 September 1914 and Memoir extract of Otto Weddigen
951:
923:
896:
665:
397:
374:
296:, Germany's highest honour, for sinking four British warships.
285:
228:
855:
768:
after the coordination of the student associations in 1938.
889:
426:
660:
encountered the Grand Fleet on 18 March 1915, east of the
1022:. London, UK: Cassell Military Classics. pp. 11–12.
486:
Bertram W. L. Nicholson, an observation post on the HMS
564:
was allowed to display the Iron Cross on its turret.
373:
Returning to Germany in October 1908, Weddigen joined
678:
the U-boat's periscope was sighted by the battleship
1162:. International Encyclopedia of the First World War
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1459:Military personnel from the Province of Westphalia
1378:
1350:
1270:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1469:Recipients of the Pour le MĂ©rite (military class)
850:In Herford, a memorial plaque is attached to the
782:When the German submarine force was rebuilt, the
442:, while patrolling in the region of the southern
281:(15 September 1882 – 18 March 1915) was an
1430:
1245:"( 2a) Kapitänleutnant Otto Weddigen. 1882-1915"
482:According to the report of the commander of the
1449:German military personnel killed in World War I
1174:
494:for a piece of driftwood . A chance hit in the
16:German World War I U-boat commander (1882–1915)
1494:Military personnel from North Rhine-Westphalia
1464:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 1st class
1020:Dönitz and the Wolf Packs – The U-Boats at War
1489:Imperial German Navy personnel of World War I
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1047:
974:as well as Danzig-Stolzenberg (until 1945),
1474:Knights of the Military Order of Max Joseph
343:Kapitänleutnant Otto Weddigen and his wife.
1092:
1090:
758:Academic Gymnastics Association Ditmarsia,
590:'s highest military order of bravery, the
551:. Despite being pursued by British ships,
454:intercepted three British warships of the
133:
1190:"The Great War: Called the polite pirate"
1044:
835:published several paperback novels about
538:on 22 September 1914 off the Dutch coast.
490:had apparently mistaken the periscope of
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1454:U-boat commanders (Imperial German Navy)
1215:
871:
770:
716:
566:
504:
425:
338:
303:
1410:Newspaper clippings about Otto Weddigen
1087:
1017:
714:, who was shot down on April 21, 1918.
664:(between the Scottish mainland and the
299:
1431:
1367:– via British Newspaper Archive.
1287:– via British Newspaper Archive.
1242:
347:He started his military career in the
1197:. London. 3 April 1915. p. 423/3
1150:
1123:
1099:"WWI U-boat commanders Otto Weddigen"
989:, a rifle company has borne the name
892:naval base is called WeddigenbrĂĽcke.
754:Academic-Musical Association Albingia
1096:
996:In the private, publicly accessible
859:was built on the site with the name
750:Association of German Students Kiel,
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
263:Iron Cross First & Second Class
13:
1243:Pigram, Ronnie (20 October 2011).
790:was the first commander. The boat
786:was named after Weddigen in 1935.
631:, on 13 February 1915. Unlike the
332:to Eduard and Thusnelde Weddigen (
240:, 16 February 1915 – 18 March 1915
14:
1505:
1425:in the Benfleet Community Archive
1403:
1395:– via British News Archive.
1359:. 11 February 1939. p. 201/9
1205:– via British News Archive.
1160:encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net
1124:Duffy, Michael (22 August 2009).
233:, 1 August 1914 – 11 January 1915
903:district still exists today. In
272:Irma Victorine Prencke (m. 1914)
23:
1371:
1343:
1325:"Kapitanleutnant Otto Weddigen"
1317:
1279:. 21 June 1915. p. 5 col.8
1011:
839:and Weddigen, including 1953's
34:needs additional citations for
1291:
1263:
1236:
1209:
1144:
1117:
721:Memorial card of Otto Weddigen
1:
1380:"From the world's scrap-book"
1272:"Submarine sunk by a warship"
1037:
635:which operated with petroleum
446:known to the British as the "
249:U-boat Campaign (World War I)
1251:. Benfleet Community Archive
784:first newly founded flotilla
600:Military Order of Max Joseph
7:
1414:20th Century Press Archives
1352:"Germany's submarine fleet"
1151:Jones, Mark (9 June 2016).
1126:"Who's Who - Otto Weddigen"
876:Birthplace of Otto Weddigen
612:Military Order of St. Henry
10:
1510:
812:. During this time,
806:Wilhelmshaven - RĂĽstringen
614:and the Knight's Cross of
1305:. Royal Museums Greenwich
1018:Edwards, Bernard (1996).
776:Monument to Otto Weddigen
762:comradeship Otto Weddigen
700:
639:U-29 had diesel engines.
513:depicting the sinking of
268:
254:
244:
224:
212:
204:
194:
186:
169:
149:
141:
132:
125:
642:
456:Seventh Cruiser Squadron
1387:. London. p. 423/3
1385:Illustrated London News
1357:Illustrated London News
1216:Weddigen, Otto (1914).
1195:Illustrated London News
1153:"Weddigen, Otto Eduard"
987:DĂĽsseldorf-Niederkassel
888:A floating pier in the
1484:People who died at sea
1249:benfleethistory.org.uk
1097:Helgason, Goodmundur.
877:
779:
746:National Socialist era
729:made the feature film
722:
712:Manfred von Richthofen
576:
539:
434:On 20 September 1914,
431:
344:
317:
1331:. Imperial War Museum
991:Otto Weddigen Company
875:
820:under the brand name
810:Weddigen Youth Hostel
774:
720:
570:
508:
429:
342:
320:Weddigen was born in
307:
292:. He was awarded the
205:Years of service
1008:is named after him.
932:Freiburg im Breisgau
913:Otto-Weddigen-StraĂźe
620:Military Merit Order
300:Biography and career
283:Imperial German Navy
279:Otto Eduard Weddigen
145:Otto Eduard Weddigen
127:Otto Eduard Weddigen
43:improve this article
1479:People from Herford
1224:. FirstWorldWar.com
1132:. FirstWorldWar.com
901:Steglitz-Zehlendorf
808:was given the name
802:Reich Labor Service
1006:Otto Weddigen Room
878:
867:Herford's 2nd Otto
796:, like Weddigen's
780:
778:by Hinkeldey, 1937
752:together with the
723:
647:On 10 March 1915,
577:
540:
432:
356:East Asia Squadron
350:Kaiserliche Marine
345:
318:
153:15 September 1882.
1277:Ottawa Free Press
1222:firstworldwar.com
1130:firstworldwar.com
944:Landsberg am Lech
766:NSD Student Union
558:Kaiser Wilhelm II
440:22 September 1914
326:Prussian Province
288:commander during
276:
275:
119:
118:
111:
93:
1501:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1382:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1354:
1347:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1274:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1256:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1192:
1185:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1157:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1065:
1033:
980:Neukirchen-Vluyn
865:, a synonym for
509:Illustration by
196:
176:
164:
137:
123:
122:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1429:
1428:
1406:
1401:
1400:
1390:
1388:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1362:
1360:
1349:
1348:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1306:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1254:
1252:
1241:
1237:
1227:
1225:
1214:
1210:
1200:
1198:
1187:
1186:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1155:
1149:
1145:
1135:
1133:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1095:
1088:
1078:
1076:
1069:"Otto Weddigen"
1067:
1066:
1045:
1040:
1030:
1014:
742:Weimar Republic
703:
645:
448:Broad Fourteens
402:Kapitänleutnant
302:
261:
234:
218:Kapitänleutnant
178:
177:(aged 32).
174:
163:, German Empire
155:
154:
128:
115:
104:
98:
95:
58:"Otto Weddigen"
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1507:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1427:
1426:
1420:
1405:
1404:External links
1402:
1399:
1398:
1370:
1342:
1316:
1290:
1262:
1235:
1208:
1173:
1143:
1116:
1086:
1073:britannica.com
1042:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1028:
1013:
1010:
998:U-Boat Archive
852:FrĂĽhherrenhaus
702:
699:
666:Orkney Islands
662:Pentland Firth
651:set sail from
644:
641:
596:Knight's Cross
592:Pour le MĂ©rite
301:
298:
294:Pour le MĂ©rite
274:
273:
270:
266:
265:
259:Pour le MĂ©rite
256:
252:
251:
246:
242:
241:
226:
222:
221:
214:
210:
209:
206:
202:
201:
198:
192:
191:
188:
184:
183:
180:Pentland Firth
171:
167:
166:
151:
147:
146:
143:
139:
138:
130:
129:
126:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1506:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1386:
1381:
1374:
1358:
1353:
1346:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1278:
1273:
1266:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1196:
1191:
1184:
1182:
1180:
1178:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1104:
1100:
1093:
1091:
1074:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1048:
1043:
1031:
1029:0-304-35203-9
1025:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
916:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
893:
891:
886:
884:
883:
874:
870:
868:
864:
863:
857:
853:
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
794:
789:
785:
777:
773:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
719:
715:
713:
708:
698:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:
677:
674:
673:
667:
663:
659:
654:
650:
640:
638:
634:
630:
629:
623:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
584:
574:
569:
565:
563:
559:
554:
550:
546:
537:
533:
532:
526:
525:
519:
518:
512:
507:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
480:
478:
477:
471:
470:
464:
463:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
428:
424:
422:
421:Wilhelmshaven
418:
414:
410:
405:
403:
399:
395:
393:
388:
387:
382:
381:
376:
371:
369:
368:
363:
362:
357:
352:
351:
341:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
315:
311:
306:
297:
295:
291:
287:
284:
280:
271:
267:
264:
260:
257:
253:
250:
247:
243:
239:
238:
232:
231:
227:
223:
220:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
193:
190:German Empire
189:
185:
181:
173:18 March 1915
172:
168:
162:
158:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
131:
124:
121:
113:
110:
102:
99:December 2009
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1389:. Retrieved
1384:
1373:
1361:. Retrieved
1356:
1345:
1333:. Retrieved
1328:
1319:
1307:. Retrieved
1302:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1276:
1265:
1253:. Retrieved
1248:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1221:
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1194:
1164:. Retrieved
1159:
1146:
1134:. Retrieved
1129:
1119:
1107:. Retrieved
1102:
1077:. Retrieved
1075:. Britannica
1072:
1019:
1012:Bibliography
1005:
997:
995:
990:
984:
917:
915:ever since.
912:
894:
887:
880:
879:
866:
860:
849:
840:
836:
833:Pabel-Moewig
829:World War II
826:
817:
809:
797:
791:
781:
775:
761:
757:
753:
749:
740:Even in the
739:
735:Carl de Vogt
731:U 9 Weddigen
730:
724:
704:
694:
690:
686:
681:
675:
671:
657:
648:
646:
636:
632:
626:
624:
582:
578:
572:
571:The crew of
561:
552:
548:
544:
541:
535:
530:
523:
516:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
481:
475:
468:
461:
451:
435:
433:
416:
412:
406:
390:
384:
378:
372:
365:
359:
348:
346:
333:
319:
313:
309:
278:
277:
245:Battles/wars
236:
229:
216:
175:(1915-03-18)
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1444:1915 deaths
1439:1882 births
918:Streets in
788:Karl Dönitz
695:Dreadnought
687:Dreadnought
682:Dreadnought
616:WĂĽrttemberg
511:Hans Bohrdt
290:World War I
200:German Navy
182:, Scotland.
1433:Categories
1329:iwm.org.uk
1105:. Helgason
1038:References
1000:Museum in
905:Oberhausen
727:Heinz Paul
409:Heligoland
375:the U-boat
330:Westphalia
187:Allegiance
161:Westphalia
142:Birth name
69:newspapers
1391:28 August
1363:28 August
1335:28 August
1309:28 August
1303:rmg.co.uk
1283:28 August
1255:28 August
1228:28 August
1201:28 August
1166:28 August
1136:28 August
1109:28 August
1103:uboat.net
1079:28 August
972:Wuppertal
968:Oldenburg
964:Nuremberg
936:Gerlingen
928:Bielefeld
909:Sterkrade
845:militaria
760:formed a
725:In 1927,
707:home town
653:Zeebrugge
529:HMS
522:HMS
515:HMS
444:North Sea
361:Vaterland
324:, in the
269:Spouse(s)
208:1901–1915
1002:Cuxhaven
960:Nordhorn
920:Augsburg
818:Weddigen
756:and the
744:and the
225:Commands
195:Service/
1416:of the
1412:in the
976:Hamburg
956:MĂĽnster
940:Hanover
764:of the
672:Neptune
604:Bavaria
602:of the
598:of the
588:Prussia
531:Aboukir
496:Aboukir
488:Aboukir
484:Cressy,
462:Aboukir
322:Herford
310:Aboukir
157:Herford
83:scholar
1026:
1004:, the
952:Munich
924:Aurich
897:Berlin
827:After
701:Legacy
608:Saxony
517:Cressy
500:Cressy
476:Cressy
286:U-boat
255:Awards
197:branch
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1156:(PDF)
948:LĂĽnen
856:Werre
822:Leica
814:Leitz
733:with
643:Death
583:Hawke
549:Titan
545:Flora
524:Hogue
469:Hogue
411:with
367:Tiger
314:Hogue
90:JSTOR
76:books
1393:2024
1365:2024
1337:2024
1311:2024
1285:2024
1257:2024
1230:2024
1203:2024
1168:2024
1138:2024
1111:2024
1081:2024
1024:ISBN
890:Kiel
691:U-29
680:HMS
670:HMS
658:U-29
649:U-29
628:U-29
581:HMS
573:U-9;
547:and
527:and
474:HMS
472:and
467:HMS
460:HMS
389:and
312:and
237:U-29
213:Rank
170:Died
150:Born
62:news
1418:ZBW
985:In
895:In
882:U-9
862:H2O
837:U-9
798:U-9
793:U-9
633:U-9
618:'s
610:'s
562:U-9
553:U-9
536:U-9
534:by
492:U-9
479:.
452:U-9
450:",
436:U-9
417:U-9
413:U-9
398:U-9
392:U-4
386:U-2
380:U-1
334:née
328:of
230:U-9
45:by
1435::
1383:.
1355:.
1327:.
1301:.
1275:.
1247:.
1220:.
1193:.
1176:^
1158:.
1128:.
1101:.
1089:^
1071:.
1046:^
970:,
966:,
962:,
958:,
954:,
950:,
946:,
942:,
938:,
934:,
930:,
926:,
922:,
907:-
622:.
520:,
465:,
404:.
383:,
370:.
159:,
1339:.
1313:.
1259:.
1232:.
1170:.
1140:.
1113:.
1083:.
1032:.
676:,
637:,
394:.
316:.
165:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
