532:
688:) showed the Russians their loss of control over the Black Sea must cause a compelling reason for commencement of a Russian withdrawal. Despite later attempts by Raglan to get the Turks to launch an attack over the River Pruth with direct intention to provoke Austria into a defensive counter-attack, neither Vienna nor Pasha's forces would be drawn into such a cataclysm. His firm management of the British in Constantinople helped to stabilise the front in Crimea after January 1855 when finally transports arrived to ferry Turkish troops to Crimea. Turkish troops had just arrived from Wallachia when 19,000 Russians under Lt-Gen. Khrulev decided to attack the garrison at
187:
166:
657:, who had defended Ottoman power during an earlier revolt but then started to build up an independent power base. Omer Pasha executed, plundered and abolished the respected historical aristocracy of the Muslim faith, in the interest of buttressing Ottoman central power. As the Governor of Bosnia, and leading Turkish official in the region he invaded neighbouring Montenegro. The Austrians intervened forcing The Porte to withdraw their representative to Constantinople; it was a humiliating climbdown proving that Turkish administrative control was ebbing away in the face of the Great Powers.
580:
153:
41:
441:
680:. The Great Powers called halt to the impending conflict dragging the two combatants Russia and Turkey to the negotiating table. By early December a meeting was fixed for London, and with Pasha one of the representatives. But the naval battle called the 'massacre of Sinope' put an end to any hope of peace.
564:
of Çerkes Hafız Mehmed Pasha), the start of his meteoric rise in
Ottoman military circles. There is no doubt that Omar's marriage opened all the right doors for him, but equally no doubt that he proved equal to the challenges of high command which resulted. He became writing-master to the Ottoman heir,
563:
territories, gaining detailed knowledge of the ground which was to serve him well in the future. Chrzanowski also milked his ideas for re-organizing the Army; in return he smoothed the way for Omar's introduction into
Turkish society. He thereby met and married a rich heiress Adviye Hanım (a daughter
514:
and was accepted as a cadet in his father's Ogulin
Regiment on the frontier. He had beautiful handwriting, and was assigned to clerical duties. There he might have languished, if his father had not upset someone along the corruption line and suffered a conviction for misappropriation. Mihajlo escaped
539:
After escaping to Bosnia and living rough for a time, Latas was offered, in 1828, a position as tutor to the children of a
Turkish merchant, on condition that he converted from Christianity to Islam and was circumcised. After his conversion he took the new name Omer Lutfi. A necessary condition to
710:
A clear and precise military thinker, Omer Pasha took bold decisions and relentlessly followed them through. Although he had a reputation as a strict and ruthless disciplinarian, he was revered and respected by his men. A true professional, while the other allies struggled to come to grips with
683:
In
January 1854 he successfully persuaded Lord Raglan to keep his word by reinforcing Varna, while the French remained deeply sceptical of Omar's strategy to protect the Turkish army's flank on the Lower Danube. Omar's leadership (such as in the
1214:
The
Turkish Empire; Its Historical, Statistical, and Religious Condition: Also Its Manners, Customs, Etc. by Alfred de Bessé, Edward Joy Morris, Contributors: John Fagan and Thomas S. Sinclair; Lindsay & Blakiston, 1854 pages
1191:
The Balkan
Economies C. 1800-1914: Evolution Without Development by Michael R. Palairet; Contributors: Charles Feinstein, Patrick O'Brien, Barry Supple, Peter Temin, Gianni Toniolo; Cambridge University Press, 2004 page
544:. By astute networking and doubtless exploiting his curiosity value as a European ex-military man, he was appointed lecturer at the Turkish Military Academy. With this exposure he shone enough to be snapped up as
540:
fulfill in order to get off the streets, it was a huge cultural step that led naturally to his decision that his future lay with the
Ottomans. The big break came for the newly named Omer when the family moved to
711:
local campaigning conditions, he had seen it all too often before. Perhaps for that reason the allied troops found his expression cold and uninterested when seated on his horse plodding round their lines.
672:. Omar made a powerful stand at Oltenitsa in southern Romania defeating (according to Turkish accounts) a numerically-superior Russian force under the indecisive General Pyotr Dannenburg. He entered
1288:
506:
district. His uncle was an
Orthodox priest. Mihajlo was an intelligent and lively child, if rather sickly. He developed a passion for the military, and on leaving school in
1205:
An
Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires by James S. Olson, Lee Brigance Pappas, and Nicholas C.J. Pappas; Greenwood Press (March 30, 1994) page 8
1263:
1208:
The Druzes And The Maronites Under The Turkish Rule From 1840 To 1860 by Charles Henry Churchill; Kessinger Publishing (June 30, 2004) pages 64, 72–74,77-79
1179:
Chambers's biographical dictionary: the great of all times and nations by David Patrick, Francis Hindes Groome; W. & R. Chambers, limited, 1907 page 706
799:
685:
397:
274:
1221:
The Reconstruction of Europe: A Sketch of the Diplomatic and Military History of Continental Europe, from the Rise to the Fall of the Second French Empire
1182:
The Near East in Modern Times: The Ottoman Empire and the Balkan States to 1900, by G. G. Arnakis, Wayne S. Vucinich; Pemberton Press, 1969 pages 207, 345
499:
425:
292:
1268:
676:. The Turkish ultimatum was ignored, and so on 27 October 1853 Omer Pasha marched his army over the River Danube creating what became known as The
1293:
692:. The assault on 17 February 1855 was a fiasco in which 800 Russians were killed by superior Turkish artillery fire supported by the Royal Navy.
615:
642:
situation involving potential confrontation with the Russian and Austrian armies demonstrated that he possessed considerable diplomatic skills.
1253:
1211:
A military history of modern Egypt: from the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War by Andrew James; Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006 p121-122
1188:
The encyclopedia of nineteenth-century land warfare: an illustrated world view by Byron Farwell; W. W. Norton & Company, 2001 page 613
1273:
300:
376:
to Serbian Orthodox Christian parents, he initially served as an Austrian soldier. When faced with charges of embezzlement, he fled to
704:
1122:
The Turkish empire, embracing the religion, manners and customs of the people, with a memoir of the reigning sultan and Omer Pacha
1278:
531:
934:
901:
384:; he then joined the Ottoman army, where he quickly rose through the ranks. Latas crushed several rebellions all across the
1283:
568:, and on the succession of the latter in 1839 was made a colonel. He was shortly afterwards appointed Military Governor of
252:
1202:
History of the Balkans: Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by Barbara Jelavich; Cambridge University Press, 1983 page 345
1258:
429:
280:
583:
1170:
1138:
232:
782:
611:
377:
247:
673:
627:
850:
767:
650:
700:
661:
476:
1101:
573:
242:
552:, who was engaged in the re-organization of the Ottoman Army after the defeat of the Janissaries.
468:
405:
358:
312:
237:
926:
623:
891:
1088:
603:
27:
413:
1243:
1238:
677:
549:
8:
810:
788:
421:
286:
262:
1110:
1156:
1112:
The Trans-Caucasian campaign of the Turkish army under Omer Pasha: a personal narrative
919:
579:
1166:
1134:
930:
897:
587:
92:
556:
456:
417:
349:
341:
305:
268:
432:. As a commander, he was noted for his excellent strategic and diplomatic skills.
1248:
1196:
1160:
980:
963:
480:
373:
158:
96:
893:
A Military History of Modern Egypt: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Ramadan War
639:
565:
731:
646:
607:
569:
541:
393:
385:
369:
171:
128:
124:
519:, having stolen 180 florins from the military safe, by fleeing to the Ottoman
1232:
1185:
Wars and Peace Treaties, 1816-1991 by Erik Goldstein; Routledge, 1992 page 24
520:
210:
40:
741:
595:
545:
516:
192:
665:
591:
389:
257:
1195:
Religious separation and political intolerance in Bosnia-Herzegovina by
792:
836:
814:
689:
619:
472:
88:
803:
635:
401:
614:, led by local Muslim aristocrats. There followed the expedition to
507:
484:
440:
102:
631:
134:
1079:
Muradbegović, Ahmed (1944). "Omer-paša Latas u Bosni, 1850-1852".
982:
August von Jochmus' gesammelte Schriften, herausg. von G.M. Thomas
840:
829:
822:
775:
757:
750:
696:
669:
492:
106:
818:
771:
654:
560:
503:
409:
138:
724:
511:
464:
451:
381:
488:
998:
996:
994:
992:
873:
871:
630:, Omar Pasha was put in command of the Ottoman forces in
943:
221:
Commander of Ottoman Forces in Moldavia & Wallachia
989:
868:
1289:
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
889:
602:
In 1840-41 he led a successful expedition to quell a
502:
and in time was appointed lieutenant-governor of the
363:
961:
555:
Now a major, Omer completed a mapping assignment in
978:
1199:; Texas A&M University Press, 2003 pages 85–86
918:
664:(1852). His chief services were rendered when the
1108:
798:1854 - Successfully defeated the Russians at the
610:(Lebanon). He won distinction in suppressing the
1230:
1149:The Ottoman Empire and Its Successors, 1801-1927
916:
781:1852 - Defeated the Montenegrins under Prince
730:1834 - Writing master in a military school at
1264:Ottoman military personnel of the Crimean War
58:
52:
1218:
1078:
668:broke out. In 1853 he successfully defended
368:; 24 September 1806 – 18 April 1871) was an
1119:
949:
896:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 121.
572:. His only daughter, Saffet Hanım, married
1120:Bessé, Alfred; Morris, Edward Joy (1855).
39:
955:
412:. Latas spearheaded notable victories at
388:. He served as the main commander of the
1269:Converts to Islam from Eastern Orthodoxy
1155:
1128:
877:
763:1847 - Repressed a Kurdish insurrection.
721:Tutor in the household of Hussein Pasha,
578:
530:
439:
372:field marshal and governor. Born in the
1294:19th-century Ottoman military personnel
695:A later achievement was his capture of
638:. His firm and effective handling of a
1231:
925:. Cambridge University Press. p.
660:This was followed by a command in the
408:, pushing the Russians outside of the
1219:Murdock, Harold; Fiske, John (1889).
1254:Field marshals of the Ottoman Empire
301:Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–1862)
13:
1274:Former Serbian Orthodox Christians
606:, and in 1842 was Governor of the
535:Omar Pasha with his officers 1854.
526:
510:, he went to a military school in
325:Ida Hanım (divorced without issue)
14:
1305:
756:1843 - Repressed insurrection in
705:Montenegrin–Ottoman War (1861–62)
1223:. Houghton, Mifflin and Company.
1165:. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 222.
622:of the Ottoman Empire after the
253:Herzegovina uprising (1852–1862)
185:
164:
151:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
707:, considered a difficult feat.
498:His father Petar served in the
1014:
1005:
972:
910:
890:Andrew James McGregor (2006).
883:
774:, plundered and abolished the
645:There followed his command in
548:to the Polish–Ottoman General
53:
1:
1279:Serbs from the Ottoman Empire
962:George Julian Harney (1853).
862:
749:1842 - Appointed Governor of
746:heir apparent to the throne.
594:, 1854–1856, photographed by
435:
248:Wallachian Revolution of 1848
71:Mihajlo Latas / Михајло Латас
979:Georg Martin Thomas (1883).
856:1869 - Made Minister of war.
628:Hungarian Revolution of 1848
233:Albanian Revolt of 1843–1844
16:Ottoman general and governor
7:
1284:19th-century Serbian people
1065:Murdock,Fiske , pages 36-40
968:. J. P. Crantz. p. 40.
714:
364:
10:
1310:
1259:Ottoman governors of Crete
1131:The Crimean War: 1854-1856
1109:Laurence Oliphant (1856).
1071:
1047:de Bessé, Morris, p. 26-27
846:1864 - Made field marshal.
662:Principality of Montenegro
612:Albanian Revolt of 1843–44
477:Croatian Military Frontier
475:, at the time part of the
917:Barbara Jelavich (1983).
649:(1850) where he executed
460:
380:in 1823 and converted to
353:
327:Adviye Hanım (with issue)
321:
225:
217:
206:
198:
178:
146:
114:
75:
67:
47:
38:
21:
1115:. W. Blackwood and sons.
849:1867 - Fought rebels in
802:, gaining possession of
574:Mustafa Celalettin Pasha
392:, where he defeated the
1129:Sweetman, John (2001).
1020:de Bessé, Morris, p. 26
1002:de Bessé, Morris, p. 25
950:Bessé & Morris 1855
839:and took possession of
444:Omar Pasha - Lithograph
406:Danubian Principalities
400:, regaining control of
313:Great Cretan Revolution
238:Albanian Revolt of 1845
1096:Cite journal requires
921:History of the Balkans
828:1857-59 - Governor of
768:Ali-paša Rizvanbegović
651:Ali-paša Rizvanbegović
624:Massacres of Badr Khan
599:
536:
445:
345:
59:
1133:. Osprey Publishing.
582:
534:
443:
243:Bedirhan Bey's revolt
199:Years of service
678:Great Eastern Crisis
550:Wojciech Chrzanowski
448:Omer Pasha was born
287:Battle of Eupatoria
281:Siege of Sevastopol
263:Battle of Oltenitza
1083:. Matica hrvatska.
1029:Chambler's, p. 707
800:Battle of Giurgevo
686:Battle of Giurgevo
626:(1846). After the
600:
537:
469:Orthodox Christian
446:
275:Battle of Giurgevo
1157:Ćirković, Sima M.
1011:James, p. 121-122
936:978-0-521-27458-6
903:978-0-275-98601-8
588:Marshal Pelissier
586:, Omar Pasha and
362:
331:
330:
93:Military Frontier
86:24 September 1806
33:
1301:
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1144:
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1092:
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1066:
1063:
1057:
1056:Churchill, p. 63
1054:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1038:Goldstein, p. 24
1036:
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908:
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887:
881:
875:
837:Montenegrin army
835:1862 - Defeated
825:in the Caucasus.
813:the Russians at
791:the Russians at
766:1850 - Executed
462:
367:
357:
355:
338:Omer Pasha Latas
336:, also known as
306:Battle of Ostrog
293:Siege of Sukhumi
269:Battle of Cetate
191:
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23:Omer Lutfi Pasha
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1197:Mitja Velikonja
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876:
869:
865:
717:
604:revolt in Syria
529:
527:Military career
481:Austrian Empire
438:
374:Austrian Empire
365:Omer-paša Latas
354:Омер-паша Латас
346:Ömer Lütfi Paşa
326:
317:
186:
184:
165:
163:
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159:Austrian Empire
152:
150:
132:
131:
123:
119:
100:
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97:Austrian Empire
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81:
79:
63:
60:Omer-paša Latas
57:
54:Омер-паша Латас
34:
30:
24:
17:
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11:
5:
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1151:. CUP Archive.
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1117:
1106:
1098:|journal=
1075:
1073:
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1022:
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1004:
988:
971:
954:
942:
935:
909:
902:
882:
880:, p. 222.
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844:
833:
826:
807:
796:
785:
779:
764:
761:
754:
740:Instructor to
737:
736:
735:
732:Constantinople
716:
713:
616:Hakkari (city)
608:Tripoli Eyalet
570:Constantinople
542:Constantinople
528:
525:
437:
434:
386:Ottoman Empire
378:Ottoman Bosnia
329:
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129:Ottoman Empire
125:Constantinople
122:(aged 64)
116:
112:
111:
77:
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51:
49:
45:
44:
36:
35:
28:Serdar-ı Ekrem
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1172:0-631-20471-7
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1140:9781841761862
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984:
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952:, p. 23.
951:
946:
938:
932:
928:
923:
922:
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905:
899:
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894:
886:
879:
878:Ćirković 2004
874:
872:
867:
855:
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848:
845:
842:
838:
834:
831:
827:
824:
821:and captured
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703:, during the
702:
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566:Abd-ul-Medjid
562:
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553:
551:
547:
543:
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524:
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521:Bosnia Eyalet
518:
513:
509:
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500:Austrian Army
496:
494:
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486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
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463:), an ethnic
461:Михајло Латас
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118:18 April 1871
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1089:cite journal
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1016:
1007:
981:
974:
965:The Vanguard
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920:
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892:
885:
739:
723:Governor of
720:
709:
694:
682:
659:
644:
601:
596:Roger Fenton
554:
546:aide-de-camp
538:
517:embezzlement
497:
449:
447:
337:
333:
332:
226:Battles/wars
193:Ottoman Army
174:(until 1871)
161:(until 1823)
120:(1871-04-18)
26:
1244:1871 deaths
1239:1806 births
666:Crimean War
592:Crimean War
590:during the
584:Lord Raglan
515:charges of
483:(in modern
390:Crimean War
258:Crimean War
48:Native name
1233:Categories
863:References
815:Yevpatoria
742:Abdulmejid
701:Montenegro
690:Yevpatoria
640:powder keg
620:Van Eyalet
473:Janja Gora
436:Early life
430:Sevastopol
334:Omer Pasha
147:Allegiance
89:Janja Gora
82:1806-09-24
68:Birth name
1162:The Serbs
804:Bucharest
674:Bucharest
636:Wallachia
523:in 1823.
422:Eupatoria
402:Bucharest
359:romanized
322:Spouse(s)
202:1823–1869
31:Ömer Paşa
1159:(2004).
811:Repulsed
793:Olteniţa
789:Defeated
715:Timeline
632:Moldavia
559:and the
557:Bulgaria
491:region,
450:Mihajlo
414:Oltenița
404:and the
398:Giurgevo
394:Russians
218:Commands
213:(Mushir)
179:Service/
135:Istanbul
1072:Sources
841:Cetinje
830:Baghdad
823:Sukhumi
809:1855 -
787:1853 -
776:Bosniak
758:Albania
751:Lebanon
697:Cetinje
670:Calafat
618:in the
493:Croatia
479:of the
457:Serbian
426:Sukhumi
370:Ottoman
361::
350:Serbian
342:Turkish
107:Croatia
1249:Pashas
1169:
1137:
1124:. s.n.
933:
900:
819:Crimea
783:Danilo
772:Stolac
725:Widdin
655:Stolac
647:Bosnia
561:Danube
508:Gospić
504:Ogulin
485:Plaški
428:, and
418:Cetate
410:Danube
295:(1855)
289:(1855)
283:(1854)
277:(1854)
271:(1854)
265:(1853)
190:
181:branch
169:
156:
139:Turkey
103:Plaški
1215:24–27
851:Crete
778:elite
512:Zadar
471:, in
452:Latas
382:Islam
133:(now
101:(now
1167:ISBN
1135:ISBN
1102:help
931:ISBN
898:ISBN
634:and
489:Lika
467:and
465:Serb
207:Rank
115:Died
76:Born
1192:133
927:349
770:of
653:of
495:).
396:at
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1093::
1091:}}
1087:{{
1081:42
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832:.
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