350:. Wittenberg developed a Russian Area Studies Program, which included a US-Russian exchange program for undergraduates. From the early 1990s, Medvedkov served as program director, and brought Russian professors to speak at Wittenberg. Her published works often centered on the changing dynamics of East-West relations and the social changes in post-Soviet Russia. During her tenure, Medvedkov worked with students and community leaders to develop interactive studies. In 1996, she joined with business management professor Pam Schindler to design a program to help local businesses analyze their customer bases to better target their services. As part of the program, in 1998 students analyzed emergency services dispatches to determine if adequate medical and fire response was available in the city. The study determined that there was inadequate coverage for southern Springfield. The students recommended that an additional fire house would reduce strain on the two existing fire stations in the south and that another medical unit was needed in the north. Medvedkov was honored with the university's distinguished teaching award in 2010.
282:, the second International Conference Dialogue for Disarmament and Detente, who were invited by the Soviet Peace Committee to meet with their members prior to the conference. Two weeks after their visit, Medvedkov was arrested and charged with assaulting police officers during her October detention. Her arrest sparked widespread protests from activists in the West. A trial was scheduled for December and members of the Trust-Builders were threatened they would be charged with perjury if they supported Medvedkov's version of how the events unfolded. The trial was postponed until February, and then delayed a second time because of her lawyer's illness. Medvedkov expected to be sentenced to a three-year term in a Siberian labor camp. She was convicted in March 1984 and in light of her pregnancy was given a suspended sentence of two and a half years.
181:
authorities initially gave him permission to go, but two days before the conference, he was told that travel would not be allowed. Frustrated with the inability to collaborate with fellow scholars outside of Russia, in
February 1981 the Medvedkovs filed paperwork requesting that they be allowed to permanently settle abroad. The repercussions were immediate. Authorities attempted to strip them of their academic degrees, demoted Yuri to a junior researcher post, and changed Olga's status to that of a temporary employee. Their passports were revoked, many of their friends stopped associating with them, and they were often followed by
117:. In the 1980s, various groups from Europe, Canada, and the US had their members meet with Medvedkov and her husband. She was arrested in 1983 and charged with assaulting an officer. International pressure and media campaigns called for her release. Although she was convicted, Medvedkov's sentence was suspended. She, her husband, and her children and parents were granted visas to emigrate in 1986. Relocating to Ohio, she became a professor of geography and director of the Russian studies program at
97:, Olga Lvovna Medvedkova, born May 1949) is a Russian-American geography professor and peace activist. In 1982, Medvedkov and her husband Yuri were among the founders of the Group to Establish Trust between the USSR and the USA (known as Trust-Builders). The organization hoped to develop peaceful dialog between the
172:, Switzerland. Yuri was a widower, whose first wife had died in 1972, the year that he had returned to the Soviet Union to attend a geographic conference and was prevented from returning to his post in Geneva. The couple had a son, Mikhail, known as Mike, around 1976 and a daughter, Masha, known as Mary in 1984.
277:
On 13 October 1983, Medvedkov attempted to attend the trial of a Trust member, Oleg
Radzinsky, but was detained by police with other members of the group. After several hours they were released, but Medvedkov refused to accept a ride offered by the police to take her to the metro. Witnesses reported,
197:
from below", believing that peace was more likely to occur through a mass movement than from government actions. They advocated an end to stockpiles and a ban on further development of nuclear weapons, and called for a joint Soviet-American commission to be established to work towards bettering trust
244:
The Soviet government viewed the group's actions as a call for human rights, and warned that group members Would be criminally prosecuted as anti-Soviet provocateurs if they continued to meet. Trust-Builders members began to be surveilled and arrested, but their ties to
Western peace organizations
314:
in Moscow and again charged with hooliganism. After serving a brief jailing, on 14 September, the couple were given an exit visa and told to leave the USSR within two days. They were surprised by the approval because they had never reapplied after their 1981 visa request was denied, but
Medvedkov
180:
In 1976, Medvedkov was hired as a junior researcher at the
Institute of Geography. Before a travel ban was imposed, Yuri had traveled the world to participate in international conferences. In 1980, he was hopeful that he would be able to take part in a conference to be held in Poland. The Soviet
273:
to meet with members of the Soviet Peace
Committee. The Soviets intended to film the meeting with the activists, to use as propaganda of international support for their peace strategy. When the Greenham delegates arrived, they brought Medvedkov with them. She was briefly allowed to speak, which
278:
she, pregnant at the time, was then "picked up by her hands and feet and thrown… against a wall…several times". During these events she grabbed a door handle and it detached from the door. In
November, the Medvedkovs and other members of the Trust-Builders met with Canadian delegates to the
240:
in August at their home. The KGB raided the event and confiscated the paintings. In
October the couple took part in a public appeal proposing that on 1 January 1983 people should gather to hold a silent vigil at 15:00 GMT to support peace and cooperation among nations.
261:, notified them that there was "no so-called independent peace movement" in the USSR and stated that Olga Medvedkov, "a Jew by nationality, and her family were simply looking for an excuse to move to Israel". In May, two Welsh anti-war activists, Karmen Cutler and
253:, allegedly for "pushing an old lady" on the metro and sentenced to fifteen days detention. Eastern activists, who were part of the independent anti-nuclear movement applied for visas to meet with the Medvedkovs in April 1983. Their applications were denied, and
285:
When members of the
Greenham Common attempted to visit the couple in June 1985, they were barred from the Medvedkov's apartment by police and advised that no visit would be allowed. The Medvedkov's apartment became a destination for tourists and during the
159:
309:
In June 1986, both
Medvedkovs were fired from their employment at the Academy of Science. When they protested publicly, the police detained them, and then fined Medvedkov $ 40 and imprisoned Yuri for ten days. Yuri was arrested at the
188:
The Medvedkovs were among the founders of the Group to Establish Trust between the USSR and the USA, which was organized in June 1982. The Trust-Builders, as the group members called themselves, were independent of the government and
218:, to take part in rallies throughout Russia held to protest the arms race. Although the Scandinavians' activities were carefully controlled and their contact with Soviet citizens was limited, some members of the group, including
302:, they found the couple under house arrest. Although they were not allowed to enter the apartment, the KGB detail guarding it left at 10 P.M., and they and members of the Trust began gathering there. After the
326:. The couple, along with their children and Medvedkov's parents, arrived in Vienna ten days later with plans to visit peace activists in the Netherlands, Belgium, France, and the UK before making their way to
1914:
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curtailed authorities from arresting and exiling the entire group. The Medvedkov's telephone service was terminated and their tires were slashed, while other members of the group were
1806:
70:
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in the summer of 1985, more than 100 delegates took the metro to visit their flat. That year, the Trust-Builders organized street protests regarding the
306:, Medvedkov distributed leaflets to warn people of safety measures because the government had not even told "people what was and was not safe to eat".
279:
445:
274:
angered the vice chair of the Soviet Peace Committee, who declared her to be a criminal. Medvedkov voluntarily left the meeting after the outburst.
233:
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1247:(in Russian). No. 321–322. Moscow, Russia: Institute of Demography of the State University-Higher School of Economics. 2 March 2008.
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Basket I—Implementation of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe: Findings Eleven Years after Helsinki
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Ioffe, Gregory; Medvedkov, Olga L.; Medvedkov, Yuri; Nefordova, Tatiana; Vlasova, Natalia (2001). "Russia's Fragmented Space". In
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Medvedkov, Yuri; Medvedkov, Olga (2018). "10: Turning Points and Trends in Russia's Urbanization". In Demko, George J. (ed.).
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said that she felt it was a way for the Soviets to build trust with the West prior to a planned meeting in October between
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Medvedkov initially worked as a senior researcher at Ohio State. By 1988, she was hired as a geography professor at the
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299:
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Medvedkov, Olga L. (April 1991). "Geography of Well-Being in the Soviet Union: An Automated Data Base Approach".
544:
Medvedkov, Olga; Salukvadze, Joseph (January 2016). "Altered Urban Landscapes: European Cities In Transition".
316:
164:, a senior researcher at the Institute of Geography, who had previously headed the Ecology Laboratory for the
1859:. Vol. 1: From Protest to Resistance/The International War System. Montreal, Quebec: Black Rose Books.
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222:, national coordinator of the British Women's Peace Alliance, Cees van der Vel, a Dutch journalist; and
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165:
232:, were allowed to meet with the Medvedkovs. The couple hosted an exhibit of the works of the artist
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109:, group members were seen as dissidents and frequently followed and arrested by the police and the
2129:
Toward Nuclear Abolition: A History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement, 1971 to the Present
1274:"From Greenham Common to Red Square: Women for Life on Earth and Cross-Bloc Activism in the 1980s"
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Medvedkov, Olga L. (September 1988). "Soviet Cities and Their Industrial-Social Performance".
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521:. In Hamilton, F. E. Ian; Andrews, Kaliopa Dimitrovska; Pichler-Milanović, Nataša (eds.).
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8:
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113:. Despite Soviet suspicions of the Trust-Builders, the group gained support from Western
106:
2003:. Vol. 2, no. 1. Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Disarmament Information Service.
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1567:"Review: Olga Medvedkov. Soviet Urbanization. London: Routledge, 1990. Pp. 168. $ 55"
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2066:
https://www.newspapers.com/article/springfield-news-sun-wagner-mike-russi/147985716/
1776:
1698:
1689:"Medvedkovs Reached Vienna with Brodskys: Soviet Peace Activists Supported by West"
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90:
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1641:[Repressed Science: Institute of Geography of the Academy of Sciences].
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523:
Transformation of Cities in Central and Eastern Europe: Towards Globalization
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1579:(3). Stanford, California: California Institute of International Studies at
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407:. Washington, DC: National Council for Soviet and East European Research.
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98:
1386:(Report). Vol. 2. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
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attempted to visit the Medvedkovs with a group of activists from the
249:, jailed, or confined to a mental institution. Yuri was arrested for
215:
211:
657:
655:
653:
651:
102:
1904:"Moscow Summit: For 2 Exiles in Ohio, Incredible Scenes in Moscow"
1382:
Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (November 1986).
1828:
Campaigns against Western Defence: NATO's Adversaries and Critics
266:
198:
and relations between the two countries. That summer, a group of
648:
1969:
Gender and the Academic Experience: Berkeley Women Sociologists
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849:
638:
636:
634:
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169:
1645:(in Russian). Moscow, Russia: International Memorial Project.
1335:"Peace Activist Olga Medvedkova Was Found Guilty Today of..."
779:
777:
405:
Disadvantaged Groups and Backward Regions in the Soviet Union
627:
586:
Population Under Duress: Geodemography of Post-Soviet Russia
1929:
1535:"'Perestroika' Comes to Ohio with Soviet Exchange Students"
1501:"Calls for Emergency Services Growing on City's South Side"
1209:
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46:
Olga L. Medvedkov, Olga Medvedkova, Olga Lvovna Medvedkova
918:
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912:
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269:, Washington, went to the Soviet Union as delegates from
182:
110:
1765:
1407:"Couple Arrested in Moscow for Wearing Protest T-Shirts"
1117:
1115:
1102:
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816:
807:
749:
747:
745:
2102:(5). Sydney, Australia: Quadrant Magazine Ltd.: 37-44.
1798:"Two British and an American Member of the Greenham..."
1127:
977:
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861:
16:
Russian-American geography professor and peace activist
1243:[80 Years Old: Yuri Vladimirovich Medvedkov].
1163:
967:
965:
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961:
909:
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759:
732:
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728:
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724:
1738:
1357:"Marketing Mavens: These Students Know Your Business"
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844:
Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe 1986
742:
711:
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676:
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672:
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2090:"The Peace Movement in the USSR and the Trust Group"
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667:
1671:. Toronto, Ontario. 16 December 1983. p. C15
1636:
1211:"5 Soviets To Be Granted Exit Visas, Reports Say"
642:
446:Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie
105:. As it was independent from the official Soviet
2153:
1939:. Springfield, Missouri. 4 July 1986. p. 6C
1931:"Soviet Couple Punished for Slogans on T-Shirts"
1661:
1239:
1007:
928:
695:
1639:"Репрессированная наука: Институт географии АН"
1438:"Peace Movement Today and Peaceful Coexistence"
403:Medvedkov, Olga L.; Medvedkov, Yuri V. (1990).
133:Olga Lvovna was born in May 1949. She earned a
552:Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography
2027:
1849:
1697:. Vol. LIV, no. 16327. Jerusalem.
1025:
879:
855:
783:
330:, where Yuri had been offered a position at
265:, and a collaborator, Jean McCollister from
337:
294:. In January 1986, when British politician
128:
1876:"Wittenberg Prof Empathizes with Chechens"
1637:Makarov, Alexey; Meleshenko, Anna (2019).
496:Fragmented Space in the Russian Federation
2087:
1435:
983:
952:
891:
867:
795:
768:
517:Medvedkov, Olga; Medvedkov, Yuri (2005).
288:12th World Festival of Youth and Students
1873:
1106:
494:; Koehn, Jodi; Popson, Nancy E. (eds.).
2125:
2037:. London, UK. 4 January 1986. p. 7
1989:
1955:
1900:
1605:"Olga Medvedkov—A Citizen of the World"
1332:
1271:
1169:
971:
922:
903:
753:
680:
176:Russian career and activism (1976–1986)
2197:Russian emigrants to the United States
2154:
2053:
1716:"Mamaroneck Family Hosts New Pilgrims"
1713:
1602:
1561:
1532:
1482:. Pittsfield, Massachusetts. p. 3
1471:
1286:(3). Abingdon on Thames, Oxfordshire:
1241:"80 лет Юрию Владимировичу Медведкову"
1157:
1145:
1133:
1121:
995:
736:
715:
589:(ebook ed.). New York, New York:
2202:21st-century American women academics
1663:"March Will Honor Soviet Peace Group"
1498:
1354:
1193:
1181:
149:at the Institute of Geography of the
1831:(1st ed.). New York, New York:
1821:
1795:
1743:Russian and Central Eurasian Studies
1472:Garber, Natalie (29 December 1983).
937:
822:
153:. Around the same time, she married
1913:. New York, New York. p. A19.
1901:Schmidt, William E. (2 June 1988).
1874:Rutledge, Margo (17 January 1995).
13:
2015:from the original on 29 April 2024
1714:Mickey, Kathy (20 November 1988).
1649:from the original on 29 April 2024
1272:Barnett, Nicholas J. (July 2022).
467:10.1111/j.1467-9663.1991.tb01799.x
271:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
14:
2238:
1722:. Mamaroneck, New York. p. 3
1333:Branson, Louise (23 March 1984).
353:
236:, in honor of the victims of the
2227:American women social scientists
2029:"The Kitchen Table Diplomatists"
1963:. In Orlans, Kathryn P. Meadow;
1917:from the original on 18 May 2023
1809:from the original on 22 May 2024
1767:"Protesters from West Tour USSR"
1753:from the original on 7 July 2022
1259:from the original on 18 May 2023
459:Royal Dutch Geographical Society
300:Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
2222:Russian women social scientists
2207:21st-century American academics
1796:Reed, Steven R. (27 May 1983).
1603:Hughes, Dan (17 January 1988).
1436:Fedoseyev, Pyotr (April 1985).
1365:. Springfield, Ohio. p. 1D
1202:
527:United Nations University Press
214:, Sweden and made their way to
2172:Moscow State University alumni
2064:. Springfield, Ohio. pp.
2054:Wagner, Mike (26 April 1994).
1884:. Springfield, Ohio. p. 8
1701:. 24 September 1986. p. 3
1613:. Springfield, Ohio. pp.
1509:. Springfield, Ohio. pp.
1223:. 14 September 1986. p. 9
1:
2177:Wittenberg University faculty
2126:Wittner, Lawrence S. (2003).
1961:"12. On the Way to the Forum"
1856:The Coming of World War Three
1499:Glanz, William (2 May 1998).
1296:10.1080/13619462.2022.2100987
643:Makarov & Meleshenko 2019
616:
453:(2). Amsterdam, Netherlands:
145:. In 1975, she completed her
2088:Whitehall, John (May 1984).
1995:"Soviet Activist Threatened"
1973:University of Nebraska Press
1533:Hannah, James (7 May 1990).
1279:Contemporary British History
621:
71:Yuri Vladimirovich Medvedkov
7:
1090:The St. Louis Post-Dispatch
1042:The Springfield News-Leader
500:Woodrow Wilson Center Press
151:Russian Academy of Sciences
38:1949 (age 74–75)
10:
2243:
2192:Russian anti-war activists
1851:Roussopoulos, Dimitrios I.
1802:United Press International
1355:Bucey, Tim (23 May 1999).
1339:United Press International
662:Wittenberg University 2021
519:"14: Moscow in Transition"
259:Soviet Minister of Defense
54:Geographer, peace activist
2134:Stanford University Press
1779:. 18 July 1982. p. 3
1565:, ed. (April–June 1990).
1474:"Peace Activist in Peril"
380:10.2747/0272-3638.9.5.487
370:(5). New York, New York:
166:World Health Organization
94:
76:
66:
58:
50:
42:
30:
23:
2187:Russian studies scholars
2132:. Stanford, California:
1772:Fort Worth Star-Telegram
1450:USSR Academy of Sciences
1419:. 4 July 1986. p. 1
809:Fort Worth Star-Telegram
420:Medvedkov, Olga (1990).
338:Academics (1988–present)
129:Early life and education
95:Ольга Львовна Медведкова
2212:Russian women academics
2121:(subscription required)
2056:"Russian Role Ignored?"
1936:Springfield News-Leader
1805:. Boca Raton, Florida.
1740:"Olga Medvedkov, Ph.D."
1328:(subscription required)
1219:. St. Louis, Missouri.
1216:St. Louis Post-Dispatch
143:Moscow State University
1323: – via
525:. New York, New York:
202:women, taking part in
193:. They advocated for "
1775:. Fort Worth, Texas.
1747:Wittenberg University
1745:. Springfield, Ohio:
599:10.4324/9780429503528
550:. Stockholm, Sweden:
344:Wittenberg University
332:Ohio State University
147:Candidate of Sciences
119:Wittenberg University
2061:Springfield News-Sun
1975:. pp. 157–172.
1881:Springfield News-Sun
1610:Springfield News-Sun
1572:World Affairs Report
1506:Springfield News-Sun
1415:. Ithaca, New York.
1362:Springfield News-Sun
1325:Taylor & Francis
825:, pp. 179, 230.
529:. pp. 428–464.
498:. Washington, D.C.:
372:Taylor & Francis
2182:Russian geographers
1581:Stanford University
1479:The Berkshire Eagle
1448:(4). Moscow, USSR:
882:, pp. 269–270.
858:, pp. 268–269.
547:Geografiska Annaler
422:Soviet Urbanization
312:1986 Goodwill Games
208:Women's Peace Train
191:World Peace Council
107:World Peace Council
2000:The Peace Calendar
1910:The New York Times
1833:St. Martin's Press
1694:The Jerusalem Post
1412:The Ithaca Journal
1075:The Jerusalem Post
1057:The Ithaca Journal
798:, pp. 37, 42.
560:10.1111/geob.12104
502:. pp. 31–57.
322:and Soviet leader
304:Chernobyl disaster
115:anti-war activists
2217:Women geographers
2143:978-0-8047-4861-2
1993:(February 1984).
1982:978-0-8032-3558-8
1866:978-0-920057-03-2
1842:978-0-312-11469-5
1541:. Bucyrus, Ohio.
1136:, pp. 1B–2B.
894:, pp. 40–41.
880:Roussopoulos 1986
856:Roussopoulos 1986
784:Roussopoulos 1986
608:978-0-429-50352-8
536:978-92-808-1105-6
509:978-0-8018-6570-1
435:978-0-415-03869-0
348:Springfield, Ohio
324:Mikhail Gorbachev
292:Soviet–Afghan War
238:Hiroshima bombing
226:, a reporter for
220:Danielle Grünberg
135:bachelor's degree
123:Springfield, Ohio
87:Olga L. Medvedkov
84:
83:
59:Years active
2234:
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2119:
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1965:Wallace, Ruth A.
1952:
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1777:Associated Press
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1699:Associated Press
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1342:. Miami, Florida
1329:
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1264:
1245:Demoscope Weekly
1236:
1230:
1228:
1221:Associated Press
1197:
1196:, pp. 1, 5.
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1009:The Toronto Star
1005:
999:
993:
987:
981:
975:
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956:
950:
941:
935:
926:
920:
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826:
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799:
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781:
772:
766:
757:
751:
740:
734:
719:
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697:Demoscope Weekly
693:
684:
678:
665:
659:
646:
640:
612:
579:
540:
513:
486:
439:
416:
399:
280:Vienna Dialogues
163:
96:
43:Other names
21:
20:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2144:
2120:
2074:
2072:
2040:
2038:
2018:
2016:
1983:
1942:
1940:
1920:
1918:
1887:
1885:
1867:
1843:
1812:
1810:
1782:
1780:
1756:
1754:
1725:
1723:
1720:The Daily Times
1704:
1702:
1674:
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1623:
1621:
1593:
1591:
1548:
1546:
1539:Telegraph-Forum
1519:
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1485:
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1462:
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1442:Social Sciences
1422:
1420:
1396:
1394:
1368:
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1260:
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1192:
1188:
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1128:
1120:
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1105:
1098:
1087:
1083:
1072:
1065:
1054:
1050:
1039:
1035:
1024:
1017:
1006:
1002:
994:
990:
982:
978:
970:
959:
951:
944:
936:
929:
921:
910:
902:
898:
890:
886:
878:
874:
866:
862:
854:
850:
842:
829:
821:
817:
806:
802:
794:
790:
782:
775:
767:
760:
752:
743:
735:
722:
714:
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694:
687:
679:
668:
660:
649:
641:
628:
624:
619:
609:
582:
543:
537:
516:
510:
492:Ruble, Blair A.
489:
455:Wiley-Blackwell
442:
436:
419:
402:
363:Urban Geography
359:
356:
340:
234:Sergei Batovrin
204:Peace March '82
178:
157:
139:master's degree
131:
37:
36:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2240:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2149:
2148:
2142:
2123:
2085:
2081:Newspapers.com
2051:
2047:Newspapers.com
2025:
1991:Spencer, Metta
1987:
1981:
1957:Spencer, Metta
1953:
1949:Newspapers.com
1927:
1898:
1894:Newspapers.com
1871:
1865:
1847:
1841:
1819:
1793:
1789:Newspapers.com
1763:
1736:
1732:Newspapers.com
1711:
1685:
1681:Newspapers.com
1659:
1634:
1630:Newspapers.com
1600:
1563:Hilton, Ronald
1559:
1555:Newspapers.com
1530:
1526:Newspapers.com
1496:
1492:Newspapers.com
1469:
1433:
1429:Newspapers.com
1403:
1379:
1375:Newspapers.com
1352:
1330:
1269:
1237:
1233:Newspapers.com
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1186:
1174:
1172:, p. 168.
1162:
1150:
1138:
1126:
1124:, p. 299.
1111:
1096:
1081:
1063:
1048:
1033:
1015:
1013:, p. C15.
1000:
988:
984:Fedoseyev 1985
976:
957:
953:Whitehall 1984
942:
927:
925:, p. 459.
908:
906:, p. 246.
896:
892:Whitehall 1984
884:
872:
868:Whitehall 1984
860:
848:
846:, p. 131.
827:
815:
800:
796:Whitehall 1984
788:
786:, p. 268.
773:
769:Whitehall 1984
758:
756:, p. A19.
741:
720:
703:
685:
666:
647:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
614:
613:
607:
580:
541:
535:
514:
508:
487:
440:
434:
424:. London, UK:
417:
400:
355:
354:Selected works
352:
339:
336:
328:Columbus, Ohio
177:
174:
155:Yuri Medvedkov
130:
127:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
39:
34:
32:
28:
27:
25:Olga Medvedkov
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2239:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
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2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Living people
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2145:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2124:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2002:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1905:
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1408:
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1385:
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1326:
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1293:
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1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1195:
1190:
1184:, p. 1D.
1183:
1178:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1154:
1148:, p. 10.
1147:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1118:
1116:
1108:
1107:Rutledge 1995
1103:
1101:
1093:
1091:
1085:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1060:
1058:
1052:
1046:, p. 6C.
1045:
1043:
1037:
1030:
1028:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1010:
1004:
997:
992:
986:, p. 27.
985:
980:
973:
968:
966:
964:
962:
955:, p. 41.
954:
949:
947:
939:
934:
932:
924:
919:
917:
915:
913:
905:
900:
893:
888:
881:
876:
870:, p. 38.
869:
864:
857:
852:
845:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
824:
819:
812:
810:
804:
797:
792:
785:
780:
778:
771:, p. 37.
770:
765:
763:
755:
750:
748:
746:
739:, p. 1B.
738:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
717:
712:
710:
708:
700:
698:
692:
690:
682:
677:
675:
673:
671:
663:
658:
656:
654:
652:
644:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
626:
610:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
587:
581:
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573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
548:
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538:
532:
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511:
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472:
468:
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385:
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377:
373:
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365:
364:
358:
357:
351:
349:
345:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
320:Ronald Reagan
318:
313:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
283:
281:
275:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
255:Georgy Zhukov
252:
248:
242:
239:
235:
231:
230:
225:
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213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
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126:
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112:
108:
104:
100:
92:
88:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
51:Occupation(s)
49:
45:
41:
33:
29:
22:
19:
2128:
2099:
2093:
2079:– via
2073:. Retrieved
2059:
2045:– via
2039:. Retrieved
2034:The Guardian
2032:
2017:. Retrieved
1998:
1968:
1947:– via
1941:. Retrieved
1934:
1919:. Retrieved
1908:
1892:– via
1886:. Retrieved
1879:
1855:
1827:
1811:. Retrieved
1800:
1787:– via
1781:. Retrieved
1770:
1755:. Retrieved
1742:
1730:– via
1724:. Retrieved
1719:
1703:. Retrieved
1692:
1679:– via
1673:. Retrieved
1668:Toronto Star
1666:
1651:. Retrieved
1642:
1628:– via
1622:. Retrieved
1608:
1592:. Retrieved
1576:
1570:
1553:– via
1547:. Retrieved
1545:. p. 10
1538:
1524:– via
1518:. Retrieved
1504:
1490:– via
1484:. Retrieved
1477:
1461:. Retrieved
1445:
1441:
1427:– via
1421:. Retrieved
1410:
1395:. Retrieved
1373:– via
1367:. Retrieved
1360:
1344:. Retrieved
1337:
1315:. Retrieved
1283:
1277:
1261:. Retrieved
1244:
1231:– via
1225:. Retrieved
1214:
1203:Bibliography
1189:
1177:
1170:Spencer 1994
1165:
1160:, p. 1.
1153:
1141:
1129:
1109:, p. 5.
1094:, p. 9.
1089:
1084:
1074:
1061:, p. 1.
1056:
1051:
1041:
1036:
1031:, p. 7.
1027:The Guardian
1026:
1008:
1003:
998:, p. 6.
991:
979:
972:Spencer 1984
923:Barnett 2022
904:Wittner 2003
899:
887:
875:
863:
851:
818:
813:, p. 3.
808:
803:
791:
754:Schmidt 1988
718:, p. 3.
696:
681:Branson 1984
585:
545:
522:
495:
450:
444:
421:
404:
367:
361:
341:
317:US President
308:
296:Joan Ruddock
284:
276:
243:
229:The Guardian
227:
206:boarded the
200:Scandinavian
187:
179:
132:
86:
85:
62:1975-present
18:
2162:1949 births
1971:. Lincoln:
1823:Rose, Clive
1290:: 459–481.
1158:Wagner 1994
1146:Hannah 1990
1134:Hughes 1988
1122:Hilton 1990
996:Garber 1983
737:Hughes 1988
716:Mickey 1988
554:: 287–379.
374:: 487–517.
263:Ann Pettitt
251:hooliganism
158: [
101:during the
99:superpowers
35:Olga Lvovna
2156:Categories
2116:9068943319
1392:1044028104
1312:9607699217
1194:Glanz 1998
1182:Bucey 1999
617:References
483:5157194009
396:4645903541
224:Jean Stead
185:officers.
2108:0033-5002
2009:0826-9521
1589:1523-9810
1458:0134-5486
1452:: 21–33.
1304:1361-9462
1288:Routledge
1253:1726-2887
938:Reed 1983
823:Rose 1985
622:Citations
591:Routledge
576:971500126
568:1468-0467
475:0040-747X
461:: 82–93.
426:Routledge
388:0272-3638
216:Leningrad
212:Stockholm
2095:Quadrant
2013:Archived
1967:(eds.).
1959:(1994).
1915:Archived
1853:(1986).
1825:(1985).
1807:Archived
1783:24 March
1757:29 April
1751:Archived
1749:. 2021.
1726:29 April
1653:29 April
1647:Archived
1346:29 April
1263:29 April
1257:Archived
457:for the
413:25206162
103:Cold War
77:Children
1583:: 299.
267:Seattle
247:drafted
195:détente
91:Russian
2140:
2114:
2106:
2075:24 May
2041:23 May
2019:22 May
2007:
1979:
1943:23 May
1921:12 May
1888:24 May
1863:
1839:
1813:22 May
1705:22 May
1675:23 May
1624:23 May
1594:24 May
1587:
1549:24 May
1520:24 May
1486:23 May
1463:22 May
1456:
1423:23 May
1397:22 May
1390:
1369:24 May
1317:22 May
1310:
1302:
1251:
1227:23 May
605:
574:
566:
533:
506:
481:
473:
432:
411:
394:
386:
257:, the
170:Geneva
67:Spouse
1643:Topos
162:]
141:from
2138:ISBN
2112:OCLC
2104:ISSN
2077:2024
2068:1],
2043:2024
2021:2024
2005:ISSN
1977:ISBN
1945:2024
1923:2024
1890:2024
1861:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1815:2024
1785:2024
1759:2024
1728:2024
1707:2024
1677:2024
1655:2024
1626:2024
1596:2024
1585:ISSN
1551:2024
1522:2024
1488:2024
1465:2024
1454:ISSN
1425:2024
1399:2024
1388:OCLC
1371:2024
1348:2024
1319:2024
1308:OCLC
1300:ISSN
1265:2024
1249:ISSN
1229:2024
1092:1986
1077:1986
1059:1986
1044:1986
1029:1986
1011:1983
811:1982
699:2008
603:ISBN
572:OCLC
564:ISSN
531:ISBN
504:ISBN
479:OCLC
471:ISSN
430:ISBN
409:OCLC
392:OCLC
384:ISSN
137:and
31:Born
1446:XVI
1292:doi
595:doi
556:doi
463:doi
376:doi
346:in
210:in
183:KGB
168:in
121:in
111:KGB
2158::
2136:.
2110:.
2100:28
2098:.
2092:.
2058:.
2031:.
2011:.
1997:.
1933:.
1907:.
1878:.
1835:.
1769:.
1718:.
1691:.
1665:.
1619:2B
1617:,
1615:1B
1607:.
1577:20
1575:.
1569:.
1537:.
1513:,
1503:.
1476:.
1444:.
1440:.
1409:.
1359:.
1306:.
1298:.
1284:36
1282:.
1276:.
1255:.
1213:.
1114:^
1099:^
1066:^
1018:^
960:^
945:^
930:^
911:^
830:^
776:^
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744:^
723:^
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650:^
629:^
601:.
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451:82
449:.
428:.
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382:.
366:.
334:.
160:ru
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2146:.
2118:.
2083:.
2070:5
2049:.
2023:.
1985:.
1951:.
1925:.
1896:.
1869:.
1845:.
1817:.
1791:.
1761:.
1734:.
1709:.
1683:.
1657:.
1632:.
1598:.
1557:.
1528:.
1515:5
1511:1
1494:.
1467:.
1431:.
1401:.
1377:.
1350:.
1321:.
1294::
1267:.
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1079:.
974:.
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683:.
664:.
645:.
611:.
597::
578:.
558::
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512:.
485:.
465::
438:.
415:.
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80:2
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