699:
665:, has already been born and he was subsequently concealed, but he will reemerge and he will establish justice and peace on earth at the end of time. The signs of his (re)appearance are largely common in Shia and Sunni, (although Sunni do not believe the Mahdi has already been born and is in occultation), and the belief in the eschatological Mahdi remains popular among all Muslims, possibly owing to numerous traditions to this effect in canonical Sunni and Shia sources.
43:
574:
793:) claimed that the eleventh Imam had a young son, named Muhammad, who had entered a state of occultation due to the threat to his life from the Abbasids. As the special representative of al-Askari, Uthman also claimed that he had been appointed to represent the son of the eleventh Imam. Possibly the only public appearance of Muhammad was to lead the funeral prayer for his father instead of his uncle,
867:). The letter, ascribed to al-Mahdi, added that the complete occultation would continue until God granted him permission to manifest himself again in a time when the earth would be filled with tyranny. This and similar letters to the four agents and other Shia figures are said to have had the same handwriting, suggesting that they were written by the Hidden Imam.
881:
The Major
Occultation, a later term, began with the death of the fourth agent in 329 (940-941), who did not designate a successor. In this period, which continues today, there is no agent of the Hidden Imam on earth. There were likely early traditions among the Shia that had already predicted the two
757:
The
Twelver theory of occultation crystallized in the first half of the fourth (tenth) century based on rational and textual arguments. This theory, for instance, sets forth that the life of Muhammad al-Mahdi has been miraculously prolonged, arguing that the earth cannot be void of the imam as the
764:) of God. As another example, while the Abbasid threat might have initially forced the twelfth imam into occultation, according to this doctrine, his absence continues until initial conditions are met for his reappearance, including humankind's readiness for the message of the Hidden Imam.
2100:
800:
In his new capacity, Uthman received petitions and made available their responses, sometimes in writing. As the closest associate of al-Askari, most of al-Askari's local representatives continued to support Uthman. He later introduced his son,
1784:
899:) to the Hidden Imam. It is also popularly held that the Hidden Imam occasionally appears to the pious in person or, more commonly, in dreams and visions. The accounts of these encounters are numerous and widespread among the Twelvers.
940:, their forty-ninth imam in the line of succession. The Musta'lis, however, believe that their twenty-first imam and his progeny went into occultation. In the absence of their imam, Musta'lis take guidance from Da'i al-Mutlaq (
967:, as a major Isma'ili Shia dynasty, the terms Mahdi and Qa'im were used interchangeably for the messianic imam anticipated in Shia traditions. With the rise of the Fatimids in the tenth century CE, however,
754:(941-present), however, there is no agent of the Hidden Imam on earth, though it is believed that he remains providentially living in his physical body until his reappearance in the end of time.
1007:, among many others. Similarly, mahdism and occultation are recurring themes in the history of Shia. For instance, long-standing Shia traditions were appropriated by the now-extinct
999:
Historically, various Muslim figures were identified with the eschatological Mahdi or used the name as an honorific title with messianic significance. These include the
Umayyad
975:, while the rest would be fulfilled by his successors. Henceforth, their literature referred to the awaited eschatological imam only as Qa'im (instead of Mahdi).
987:
view, imams are not endowed with superhuman qualities, and expectations for their mahdiship are thus often marginal. One exception is the extinct
Husaynites in
893:
In the absence of the Hidden Imam, the leadership vacuum in the
Twelver community was gradually filled by the jurists in their new capacity as general deputy (
680:, the twelfth imam, who is believed to be responsible for the affairs of men and, in particular, their inward spiritual guidance during the occultation.
1740:
924:, the sixth imam. This group either believed that Isma'il was still alive but in concealment or instead recognized the imamate of Isma'il's son,
698:
2102:
Crisis and
Consolidation in the Formative Period of Shi'ite Islam: Abū Ja'far Ibn Qiba Al-Rāzī and His Contribution to Imāmite Shī'ite Thought
813:
2023:
732:
is the mainstream branch of Shia Islam, accounting for 85 percent of the Shia population. The
Twelvers believe that their twelfth Imam,
848:
837:
740:(874-941), the twelfth Imam is believed to have remained in regular contact with four successive agents, collectively known as the
851:
shortly before his death. The letter predicted the death of Abu al-Hasan in six days and announced the beginning of the complete (
2014:
2044:
1773:
689:
2135:
602:
2068:
1085:
669:
2145:
2113:
2089:
2033:
1971:
1891:
1870:
1849:
1828:
1809:
1750:
1108:
1114:
616:
209:
67:
1998:
1078:
2175:
1761:
1036:
802:
2156:
2180:
783:
403:
1032:
219:
87:
82:
1985:
1915:
422:
224:
1213:
2190:
1860:
1090:
1020:
323:
92:
1068:
1044:
972:
917:
693:
595:
550:
142:
77:
1028:
925:
520:
485:
99:
72:
2124:
2079:
1957:
129:
1797:
933:
812:), as the next representative of al-Mahdi. In turn, as his replacement, Abu Ja'far nominated
313:
214:
204:
197:
174:
1880:
Nanji, Azim; Daftary, Farhad (2006). "What is Shiite Islam?". In
Cornell, Vincent J. (ed.).
308:
1941:
968:
929:
908:
500:
357:
244:
179:
109:
1928:
1881:
8:
2056:
1963:
1061:
654:
588:
535:
515:
452:
124:
104:
25:
2008:
1953:
1841:
Imagining the End: Visions of
Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America
1015:, the seventh imam, had not died but was in occultation. Even earlier, the now-extinct
921:
729:
722:
62:
2141:
2109:
2085:
2064:
2029:
1994:
1981:
1967:
1887:
1866:
1845:
1824:
1805:
1769:
1746:
964:
957:
876:
858:
827:
794:
773:
751:
737:
733:
714:
677:
624:
620:
578:
545:
510:
442:
269:
239:
971:
argued that some of these predictions had materialized by the first
Fatimid caliph,
2185:
555:
530:
447:
1902:
991:, who denied the death of al-Husayn ibn al-Qasim al-Iyani and awaited his return.
882:
periods of occultation. These hadiths were previously cited, for instance, by the
779:
702:
634:
495:
340:
249:
262:
1040:
560:
462:
398:
330:
2169:
1073:
1012:
1008:
913:
887:
883:
741:
713:, is a popular pilgrimage site for Shia Muslims. Local belief holds that the
457:
318:
303:
505:
335:
234:
1097:
1056:
937:
435:
350:
345:
296:
229:
184:
169:
164:
154:
119:
672:
that believe in it differ with regard to the identity of the Mahdi. The
1024:
1016:
836:), ended after about seventy years with the death of the fourth agent,
650:
490:
33:
928:, and his descendants. Today, Isma'ilis are divided into two groups,
525:
410:
284:
42:
1839:
1696:
1102:
1027:, an extinct branch of Isma'ili Shia, believed in the mahdiship of
1004:
662:
415:
388:
374:
114:
1000:
984:
956:). Different branches of Musta'li Shia differ on who the current
291:
279:
274:
1105:('return'), the concomitant concept of return after occultation
1486:
1237:
1235:
1096:, a work on the topic by the 11th-century Twelver Shia scholar
1084:, a work on the topic by the 10th-century Twelver Shia scholar
540:
480:
383:
364:
159:
149:
57:
1708:
1662:
1660:
1031:
and his imminent return. Similar figures in Shia history are
573:
1498:
988:
718:
658:
393:
369:
2045:"ISLAM IN IRAN vii. THE CONCEPT OF MAHDI IN TWELVER SHIʿISM"
1388:
1294:
1292:
1232:
2126:
The Shi'ite Religion: A History of Islam in Persia and Iraḳ
1657:
1645:
1621:
1609:
1405:
1403:
710:
1672:
1444:
1442:
16:
Shia doctrine on the disappearance and return of the Mahdi
1515:
1513:
1289:
1267:
1265:
1252:
1250:
1194:
916:
branched off from mainstream Shia over the succession of
706:
2137:
Occultation of the Twelfth Imam: A Historical Background
2061:
Islamic Messianism: The Idea of Mahdī in Twelver Shīʻism
1684:
1549:
1459:
1457:
1400:
1376:
1352:
1316:
1304:
1802:
Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia
1730:
Madelung, W. (2022). "Al-Mahdī". In Bearman, P. (ed.).
1476:
1474:
1472:
1439:
1427:
1510:
1262:
1247:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1454:
1364:
1277:
1129:
1537:
1469:
1340:
1328:
894:
862:
852:
831:
759:
745:
643:
1633:
1597:
1585:
1573:
1561:
1525:
1182:
1170:
1141:
1837:
1702:
1862:Classical Islam: A History, 600 A.D. to 1258 A.D.
1766:Encyclopedia of Islamic Civilisation and Religion
1415:
2167:
615:For the classical Shia works on this topic, see
1993:. Translated by Shah-Kazemi, Reza. I.B.Tauris.
1838:Amanat, Abbas; Bernhardsson, Magnus T. (2001).
2028:. Translated by Sherrard, Liadain. Routledge.
1858:
1762:"MUSA AL-KAZIM (ABU'L-HASAN MUSA IBN JA'FAR)"
1714:
596:
1879:
1804:. Vol. 3. ABC-CLIO. pp. 469, 470.
1651:
1627:
1615:
1241:
2042:
1886:. Vol. 1. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1271:
941:
814:Abu al-Qasim al-Husayn ibn Ruh al-Nawbakhti
619:. For the first period of occultation, see
2098:
1791:(Second ed.). Brill Reference Online.
1734:(Second ed.). Brill Reference Online.
1678:
1394:
1382:
1322:
1111:, the concept of return in Twelver Shi'ism
1023:and awaited his return as the Mahdi. The
603:
589:
2122:
2055:
1952:
1690:
1555:
1504:
1448:
1433:
1358:
1256:
1200:
1782:
1729:
1164:
838:Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad al-Samarri
697:
2158:ISLAM IN IRAN ix. THE DEPUTIES OF MAHDI
2133:
1980:
1939:
1926:
1913:
1900:
1738:
1639:
1603:
1591:
1579:
1519:
1492:
1463:
1370:
1310:
1283:
1135:
2168:
2081:The Assassins: A Radical Sect in Islam
2021:
1966:. State University of New York Press.
1759:
1543:
725:—once appeared and prayed in Jamkaran.
661:, a descendant of the Islamic prophet
2154:
2077:
1818:
1795:
1666:
1567:
1531:
1480:
1421:
1409:
1346:
1334:
1298:
1188:
1176:
690:Reappearance of Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi
2051:. Vol. XIV/2. pp. 136–143.
1922:. Vol. XIV/2. pp. 178–195.
1115:Signs of the appearance of the Mahdi
870:
767:
2013:: CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (
936:. The Nizarite imam is the present
886:in reference to the two arrests of
638:
13:
2161:. Vol. XIV/2. pp. 143–6.
2043:Amir-Moezzi, Mohammad Ali (2007).
1948:. Vol. XIV. pp. 349–351.
1916:"ISMAʿILISM iii. ISMAʿILI HISTORY"
847:), who is said to have received a
14:
2202:
2057:Sachedina, Abdulaziz Abdulhussein
1954:Tabatabai, Sayyid Mohammad Hosayn
1909:. Vol. IX/4. pp. 423–6.
1109:Reappearance of Muhammad al-Mahdi
673:
1800:. In Jestice, Phyllis G. (ed.).
1768:. Routledge. pp. 456, 457.
1764:. In Netton, Ian Richard (ed.).
902:
857:) occultation, later called the
736:, is in occultation. During his
572:
41:
1723:
1086:Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Nu'mani
778:Immediately after the death of
683:
2140:. Routledge Kegan & Paul.
1821:An Introduction to Shi'i Islam
1703:Amanat & Bernhardsson 2001
1206:
994:
920:, who predeceased his father,
826:This period, later termed the
803:Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Uthman
1:
2123:Donaldson, Dwight M. (1933).
2025:History Of Islamic Philosophy
1760:Hulmes, Edward D. A. (2008).
1123:
978:
623:. For the second period, see
2099:Modarressi, Hossein (1993).
1859:von Grunebaum, G.E. (2017).
1214:"Shia Islam's Holiest Sites"
842:
818:
807:
788:
404:Bektashism and folk religion
7:
2134:Hussain, Jassim M. (1986).
1050:
1037:Muhammad ibn Qasim al-Alawi
1033:Muhammad al-Nafs al-Zakiyya
895:
863:
853:
832:
760:
746:
644:
10:
2207:
906:
874:
771:
687:
614:
1942:"JAʿFAR AL-ṢĀDEQ i. Life"
1927:Haywood, John A. (2022).
1823:. Yale University Press.
1021:Muḥammad ibn al-Hanafiyya
1987:Doctrines of Shi'i Islam
1940:Gleave, Robert (2012a).
1914:Daftary, Farhad (2007).
1901:Daftary, Farhad (1999).
1787:. In Bearman, P. (ed.).
1742:A History of Shi'i Islam
1739:Daftary, Farhad (2013).
1652:Nanji & Daftary 2006
1628:Nanji & Daftary 2006
1616:Nanji & Daftary 2006
1495:, pp. 90, 139, 140.
1242:Nanji & Daftary 2006
1069:The Fourteen Infallibles
1045:Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hadi
973:Abdallah al-Mahdi Billah
694:The Fourteen Infallibles
551:Umm Farwah bint al-Qasim
2078:Lewis, Bernard (2011).
1933:Encyclopedia Britannica
1796:Rahim, Habibeh (2004).
963:Before the rise of the
2155:Klemm, Verena (2007).
2022:Corbin, Henry (2014).
1819:Momen, Moojan (1985).
1789:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1732:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1669:, pp. 23, 35, 49.
726:
670:branches of Shia Islam
486:Khadija bint Khuwaylid
73:Succession to Muhammad
2176:Hujjat Allah al-Mahdi
2049:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1946:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1920:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1907:Encyclopaedia Iranica
1783:Kohlberg, E. (2022).
701:
688:Further information:
655:eschatological belief
579:Shia Islam portal
205:Verse of purification
52:Beliefs and practices
1507:, pp. 106, 107.
1301:, pp. 162, 163.
1029:Muhammad ibn Isma'il
1019:denied the death of
890:, the seventh Imam.
849:letter from al-Mahdi
833:al-ghaybat al-sughra
717:—the eschatological
501:Umm Kulthum bint Ali
180:Mourning of Muharram
110:Mourning of Muharram
2181:Islamic terminology
1964:Sayyid Hossein Nasr
1412:, pp. 162–164.
1062:Islamic eschatology
864:al-ghaybat al-kubra
516:Ruqayya bint Husayn
423:Extinct Shi'a sects
143:Days of remembrance
130:Arbaʽeen Pilgrimage
125:The Four Companions
1715:von Grunebaum 2017
1397:, pp. 79, 80.
1117:(in broader Islam)
782:in 260 (873-874),
747:al-nuwwab al-arba'
727:
676:identifies him as
336:Atba-i-Malak Bohra
263:Branches and sects
210:Two weighty things
1929:"Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq"
1798:"Kazim, Musa al-"
1775:978-0-7007-1588-6
1717:, pp. 112–3.
1705:, pp. 122–4.
1313:, pp. 118–9.
1244:, pp. 223–4.
1203:, pp. 194–5.
1098:al-Shaykh al-Tusi
969:al-Qadi al-Nu'man
965:Fatimid Caliphate
951:supreme authority
909:Satr (Isma'ilism)
877:Major Occultation
871:Major Occultation
859:Major Occultation
828:Minor Occultation
774:Minor Occultation
768:Minor Occultation
752:Major Occultation
738:Minor Occultation
734:Muhammad al-Mahdi
678:Muhammad al-Mahdi
625:Major Occultation
621:Minor Occultation
613:
612:
546:Fatimah bint Asad
511:Fatima bint Hasan
240:Battle of Karbala
2198:
2191:Shia eschatology
2162:
2151:
2130:
2119:
2108:. Darwin Press.
2107:
2095:
2074:
2052:
2039:
2018:
2012:
2004:
1992:
1977:
1962:. Translated by
1949:
1936:
1923:
1910:
1897:
1876:
1855:
1834:
1815:
1792:
1779:
1756:
1735:
1718:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1681:, pp. 87–8.
1676:
1670:
1664:
1655:
1649:
1643:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1559:
1553:
1547:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1517:
1508:
1502:
1496:
1490:
1484:
1478:
1467:
1461:
1452:
1446:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1287:
1281:
1275:
1272:Amir-Moezzi 2007
1269:
1260:
1254:
1245:
1239:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1162:
1139:
1133:
1003:and the Abbasid
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
898:
866:
856:
846:
844:
835:
822:
820:
811:
809:
792:
790:
763:
749:
647:
640:
605:
598:
591:
577:
576:
556:Ruqayya bint Ali
531:Fatima bint Musa
45:
36:
30:
29:
19:
18:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2195:
2166:
2165:
2148:
2116:
2105:
2092:
2071:
2036:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1990:
1982:Sobhani, Ja'far
1974:
1894:
1883:Voices of Islam
1873:
1852:
1844:. I.B. Tauris.
1831:
1812:
1785:"Mūsā Al-Kāẓim"
1776:
1753:
1745:. I.B. Tauris.
1726:
1721:
1713:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1679:Modarressi 1993
1677:
1673:
1665:
1658:
1650:
1646:
1638:
1634:
1626:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1578:
1574:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1550:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1526:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1499:
1491:
1487:
1479:
1470:
1462:
1455:
1447:
1440:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1416:
1408:
1401:
1395:Modarressi 1993
1393:
1389:
1383:Modarressi 1993
1381:
1377:
1369:
1365:
1357:
1353:
1345:
1341:
1333:
1329:
1323:Modarressi 1993
1321:
1317:
1309:
1305:
1297:
1290:
1282:
1278:
1270:
1263:
1255:
1248:
1240:
1233:
1223:
1221:
1220:. 25 April 2017
1212:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1142:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1092:Kitab al-Ghayba
1080:Kitab al-Ghayba
1053:
997:
981:
953:
950:
947:
944:
922:Ja'far al-Sadiq
911:
905:
879:
873:
841:
817:
806:
787:
780:Hasan al-Askari
776:
770:
758:highest proof (
703:Jamkaran Mosque
696:
686:
674:mainstream Shia
628:
617:Kitab al-Ghayba
609:
571:
566:
565:
496:Zaynab bint Ali
476:
468:
467:
438:
428:
427:
341:Sulaymani Bohra
265:
255:
254:
225:Fatimah's house
200:
190:
189:
145:
135:
134:
53:
32:
31:
23:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2204:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2164:
2163:
2152:
2146:
2131:
2120:
2114:
2096:
2090:
2075:
2070:978-0873954426
2069:
2063:. Suny press.
2053:
2040:
2034:
2019:
1999:
1978:
1972:
1950:
1937:
1924:
1911:
1898:
1892:
1877:
1871:
1856:
1850:
1835:
1829:
1816:
1810:
1793:
1780:
1774:
1757:
1751:
1736:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1707:
1695:
1693:, p. 151.
1691:Sachedina 1981
1683:
1671:
1656:
1654:, p. 240.
1644:
1632:
1630:, p. 238.
1620:
1618:, p. 163.
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1558:, p. 181.
1556:Sachedina 1981
1548:
1536:
1524:
1522:, p. 141.
1509:
1505:Sachedina 1981
1497:
1485:
1483:, p. 164.
1468:
1453:
1449:Sachedina 1981
1438:
1434:Sachedina 1981
1426:
1414:
1399:
1387:
1375:
1363:
1361:, p. 234.
1359:Donaldson 1933
1351:
1349:, p. 161.
1339:
1337:, p. 162.
1327:
1315:
1303:
1288:
1276:
1261:
1257:Sachedina 1981
1246:
1231:
1218:Worldatlas.com
1205:
1201:Tabatabai 1975
1193:
1191:, p. 165.
1181:
1179:, p. 168.
1169:
1140:
1138:, p. 116.
1127:
1125:
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1121:
1120:
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1112:
1100:
1088:
1076:
1071:
1066:
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1064:
1052:
1049:
1041:Yahya ibn Umar
1011:to argue that
996:
993:
980:
977:
958:Da'i al-Mutlaq
907:Main article:
904:
901:
875:Main article:
872:
869:
791: 874-875
784:Uthman al-Amri
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766:
750:). During the
685:
682:
653:refers to the
611:
610:
608:
607:
600:
593:
585:
582:
581:
568:
567:
564:
563:
561:Sayyida Nafisa
558:
553:
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543:
538:
536:Hakimah Khātūn
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
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331:Hebtiahs Bohra
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2027:
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2020:
2016:
2010:
2002:
1996:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1973:0-87395-390-8
1969:
1965:
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1959:Shi'ite Islam
1955:
1951:
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1830:9780300034998
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1811:9781576073551
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1752:9780755608669
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1576:
1570:, p. 39.
1569:
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1546:, p. 70.
1545:
1540:
1534:, p. 65.
1533:
1528:
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1514:
1506:
1501:
1494:
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1473:
1466:, p. 66.
1465:
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1451:, p. 84.
1450:
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1443:
1436:, p. 92.
1435:
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1418:
1411:
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1404:
1396:
1391:
1385:, p. 92.
1384:
1379:
1373:, p. 64.
1372:
1367:
1360:
1355:
1348:
1343:
1336:
1331:
1325:, p. 77.
1324:
1319:
1312:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1293:
1286:, p. 67.
1285:
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1259:, p. 96.
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914:Isma'ili Shia
910:
903:Isma'ili Shia
900:
897:
891:
889:
888:Musa al-Kazim
885:
878:
868:
865:
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810: 916-17
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748:
743:
742:Four Deputies
739:
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731:
724:
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668:However, the
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56:
55:
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39:
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2129:. AMS Press.
2125:
2101:
2084:. Hachette.
2080:
2060:
2048:
2024:
1986:
1958:
1945:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1882:
1861:
1840:
1820:
1801:
1788:
1765:
1741:
1731:
1724:Bibliography
1710:
1698:
1686:
1674:
1647:
1640:Daftary 1999
1635:
1623:
1611:
1604:Daftary 2007
1599:
1592:Haywood 2022
1587:
1580:Gleave 2012a
1575:
1563:
1551:
1539:
1527:
1520:Hussain 1986
1500:
1493:Hussain 1986
1488:
1464:Daftary 2013
1429:
1417:
1390:
1378:
1371:Daftary 2013
1366:
1354:
1342:
1330:
1318:
1311:Sobhani 2001
1306:
1284:Daftary 2013
1279:
1222:. Retrieved
1217:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1136:Sobhani 2001
1131:
1091:
1082:(al-Nu'mani)
1079:
998:
982:
962:
912:
896:na'ib al-amm
892:
880:
825:
799:
777:
756:
730:Twelver Shia
728:
723:Twelver Shia
715:twelfth Imam
684:Twelver Shia
667:
642:
630:
629:
506:Umm al-Banin
235:Second Fitna
115:Intercession
105:Judgment Day
2000:01860647804
1865:Routledge.
1544:Corbin 2014
1057:Eschatology
995:Other views
938:Aga Khan IV
631:Occultation
436:Ahl al-Kisa
351:Qutbi Bohra
346:Alavi Bohra
324:Progressive
250:Persecution
230:First Fitna
185:Omar Koshan
170:Eid al-Adha
165:Eid al-Fitr
68:Prophethood
2170:Categories
1903:"FATIMIDS"
1667:Lewis 2011
1568:Momen 1985
1532:Momen 1985
1481:Momen 1985
1422:Klemm 2007
1410:Momen 1985
1347:Momen 1985
1335:Momen 1985
1299:Momen 1985
1189:Momen 1985
1177:Momen 1985
1124:References
1074:Du'a Nudba
1025:Qarmatians
1017:Kaysanites
979:Zaydi Shia
651:Shia Islam
491:Umm Salama
475:Holy women
63:Holy Books
58:Monotheism
34:Shia Islam
2009:cite book
1094:(al-Tusi)
1009:Waqifites
884:Waqifites
657:that the
526:Shahrbanu
411:Qizilbash
2059:(1981).
1984:(2001).
1956:(1975).
1051:See also
1005:al-Mahdi
934:Musta'li
926:Muhammad
663:Muhammad
443:Muhammad
399:Bektashi
375:Satpanth
309:Musta'li
304:Isma'ili
215:Mubahala
155:Arba'een
26:a series
24:Part of
2186:Mahdism
1224:1 March
1001:Umar II
945:
918:Isma'il
639:غَيْبَة
314:Tayyibi
285:Shaykhi
275:Akhbari
270:Ja'fari
198:History
88:Twelver
83:Ismaili
78:Imamate
2144:
2112:
2088:
2067:
2032:
1997:
1970:
1890:
1869:
1848:
1827:
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481:Fatima
463:Husayn
453:Fatima
416:Ishiki
384:Ghulat
365:Nizari
358:Hafizi
297:Houthi
245:Origin
160:Mawlid
150:Ashura
120:Clergy
100:Angels
2106:(PDF)
1991:(PDF)
1103:Rajʿa
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458:Hasan
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370:Khoja
292:Zaydi
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220:Khumm
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2030:ISBN
2015:link
1995:ISBN
1968:ISBN
1888:ISBN
1867:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1825:ISBN
1806:ISBN
1770:ISBN
1747:ISBN
1226:2022
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