1361:
1312:
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1342:
1388:
1442:
72:
1400:
173:
2207:
1376:
2655:
1415:
1330:
2221:
83:
1480:
36:
1062:. It is a plate-sized pancake, made with medium oatmeal and wheatmeal (flour), along with yeast. Once the mixture has risen, it is ladled onto a griddle or bakestone and dried through. Staffordshire oatcakes are commonly paired with bacon, sausages, mushrooms, kidney, and baked beans, among others. A related oatcake is sometimes found in neighbouring
938:, or the groats may be chopped in two or three pieces to make what is described as pinhead oatmeal. Ground oatmeal, rolled oats, and pinhead oatmeal are all used throughout Britain; one Scots manufacturer describes varieties as "Scottish Porridge Oats" (rolled), "Scottish Oatmeal" (medium ground), and "Pinhead Oatmeal". The main uses are:
2011:
The grain of oats, intended for human food, is generally prepared by being ground into meal; although it is also used in the form of groats, that is, of grain denuded of its husk, and merely broken into fragments. Oatmeal is of two kinds, both common in all shops in which it is sold, fine meal, and
163:
Rolled oats are steamed and flattened whole oat groats. Old-fashioned oats may be thick and require longer cooking time. Quick-cooking rolled oats are cut into small pieces before being steamed and rolled. Instant oatmeal is cooked and dried, often with a sweetener and flavorings added.
1729:
EFSA Panel on
Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (2010). "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to oat beta glucan and lowering blood cholesterol and reduced risk of (coronary) heart disease under Article 14 of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006".
1648:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
147:
were traditionally thick old-fashioned oats, but they can be made thinner or smaller and may be categorized as quick oatmeal or instant oatmeal depending on the cooking time required, which is determined by the size of the oats and the amount of precooking.
951:: a thick mixture made with uncooked oatmeal (or medium oatmeal that has been dry toasted by stirring it around in a dry pot over heat until it turns a slightly darker shade and emits a sweet, nutty fragrance) and then adding butter or cream. Quick-cooking
876:
inmates got 6–8 oz (170–230 g) of meal in stirabout every morning. Similarly, in the 20th century, prisoners got between 0.5 imp pt (0.28 L) and 1 imp pt (0.57 L) of stirabout for breakfast in many Irish jails.
1360:
1647:
1105:, it is normally made either savoury or sweet by adding salt or sugar, and it is often eaten with added nuts, raisins or dried fruits as well as spices, most commonly cinnamon. Local names for the porridge include
1074:
Throughout the
Netherlands, the Nordic countries, the Baltic states and Russia, oatmeal porridge made from rolled oats and water or milk is a traditional breakfast staple. Known under various local names meaning
1311:
2012:
coarse or round meal. For various purposes, some prefer the one and some the other. There is no difference in quality, but merely in the degree to which the grain has been triturated in the mill.
729:
cheese. Oatmeal is also used as a thickening agent in savory Arabic or
Egyptian meat-and-vegetable soups, and sometimes as a way of adding relatively low-cost fibre and nutritional content to
1860:
1627:
1878:
669:
160:
by impact, and are then heated and cooled to stabilize the groats, the seed inside the husk. The groats may be milled to produce fine, medium, or coarse oatmeal.
690:
sometimes refers to a porridge made from the bran or fibrous husk as well as from the kernel or groat. Rolled oats are often used as a key ingredient in
1341:
1951:"Circular by Inspectors General of Prisons to Board of Superintendence of Irish County Prisons in reference to proposed Alteration in Prison Dietaries"
856:
Because of its cheapness, and the ease with which it could be prepared in large quantities, stirabout was widely served in institutions like prisons,
1429:
1796:
1913:"Ceisteanna—Questions. Oral Answers. - Cost of Victualling in Prisons. – Dáil Éireann (6th Dáil) – Thursday, 9 Jul 1931 – Tithe an Oireachtais"
1562:
1454:
2121:
1655:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
1289:
1441:
686:. In some countries, rolled oats are eaten raw or toasted with milk and sugar, sometimes with raisins added, as in muesli. The term
1619:
1292:
regions it is often served alongside warm milk, and it is customary to pour the milk into the porridge just moments before eating.
961:, made by mixing oatmeal with cold water that is strained and heated for the benefit of infants and people recovering from illness.
1534:
1932:"Written Answers. - Dublin Prison Food Statistics. – Dáil Éireann (16th Dáil) – Tuesday, 30 Jun 1959 – Houses of the Oireachtas"
1276:
In
Nigeria, a common oatmeal dish known as zimbuleh is eaten during the winter months. Traditionally it is sweetened with raw
2169:
2104:
1660:
1592:
872:, each child got 5 oz (140 g) of meal and 0.5 imp pt (0.28 L) of milk. Similarly, in 1891, district
2028:
1674:
912:
1387:
2566:
2410:
2742:
2082:
1759:"Effect of Oat Consumption on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials"
1705:"21 CFR Part 101; Docket No. 95P–0197; RIN 0910–AA19; Food Labeling: Health Claims; Oats and Coronary Heart Disease"
934:
In
Scotland, oatmeal is created by grinding oats into a coarse powder. It may be ground fine, medium, or coarse, or
924:
898:
1897:
955:(distinct from "instant" variations) are often used for this purpose nowadays because they are quicker to prepare.
868:. For example, in 1863, children in workhouses received stirabout for their breakfast: made of half oats and half
725:. Oats may also be added to foods as an accent, as in the topping on many oat bran breads and as the coating on
2253:
814:
2707:
1399:
1810:
665:
1615:
794:
1758:
853:
to form a thin soup. It could be flavoured with cream, sugar, butter, salt, honey, seeds or fruit on top.
2727:
1414:
1236:
In the United States, oatmeal is often served as a porridge with milk or cream and a sweetener, such as
2717:
2677:
1580:
1046:
not strictly made from the meal but as a porridge-like dish made from the fermented inner husks of oats
919:, which in England is generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people." His biographer,
656:
2722:
2627:
1559:
2747:
2732:
2712:
2702:
2225:
86:
20:
1879:"Workhouse Diet 1850 - 1900 - Desperate Haven - The Famine in Dungarvan - Waterford County Museum"
1375:
893:
to the country's low temperatures and high humidity. As a result, oats became the staple grain of
2737:
2520:
1931:
1756:
1912:
1828:
1329:
553:
2385:
1059:
1029:, served sliced with fried eggs at breakfast. A sweeter version with dried fruit is also known.
968:
2159:
1996:
1704:
1582:
1369:
made from 1-minute quick-cooking rolled oats with raisins, peanut butter, honey, and cinnamon.
514:
2515:
2480:
2185:
1790:
1510:
1055:
527:
2632:
2551:
579:
540:
8:
2591:
1317:
1184:
668:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
1728:
1016:
mixed with fat, water, onions, and seasoning, and boiled in a sheep's intestine to make
75:
2692:
2682:
2415:
2246:
1538:
1148:
1133:
710:
566:
494:
278:
1581:
Hosahalli
Ramaswamy; Amalendu Chakraverty; Mujumdar, Arun S.; Vijaya Raghavan (2003).
2586:
2165:
2100:
2078:
1778:
1666:
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718:
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1984:
The Life of Samuel
Johnson, LL.D.: Including a Journal of His Tour to the Hebrides.
1770:
1739:
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1115:
886:
857:
396:
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1968:
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1584:
Handbook of postharvest technology: cereals, fruits, vegetables, tea, and spices
1069:
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1106:
931:
to have retorted, "Yes, and where else will you see such horses and such men?"
908:
842:
821:
742:
702:
694:, in which toasted oats are blended with sugar and/or nuts and raisins, and in
140:
136:
1950:
2697:
2671:
2658:
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2490:
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2334:
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1743:
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849:) was formerly a staple food, made by stirring oatmeal into boiling water or
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782:
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234:
124:
71:
60:
905:
to permit students to return to their farms and collect more oats for food.
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2077:. Paperback: 259 pages, Edinburgh: Mercat Press; New Edition (25 Oct 2004)
1782:
1670:
1420:
1352:
928:
802:
605:
210:
172:
132:
1757:
Xi H, Zhou W, Niu Y, Zhu R, Wang S, Guo Y, Liu W, Xiong X, Guo L. (2023).
1614:
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1245:
1237:
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935:
902:
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695:
194:
144:
101:
2206:
1986:
Volume 3 by James
Boswell. New York: Derby & Jackson, 1858. Page 11.
793:
Oatmeal and other oat products were the subject of a 1997 ruling by the
2596:
2546:
2440:
2289:
1216:
Oatmeal porridge has a long tradition in these regions, but during the
1063:
865:
774:
761:(table). In a 100-gram amount, a serving of cooked oatmeal provides 71
413:
362:
1320:
single-serving flavoured "instant" oatmeal packet to make a quick oat
2576:
2571:
2500:
2465:
2400:
770:
472:
459:
446:
332:
16:
Preparation of oat groats through grinding, steel-cutting or rolling
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2395:
2344:
1493:
1406:
1366:
1321:
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1265:
1257:
990:
943:
894:
869:
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that consuming oat bran or whole rolled oats can lower the risk of
762:
730:
683:
345:
157:
109:
105:
2505:
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2430:
994:
978:
972:
861:
754:
714:
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691:
312:
997:, or its chip-shop counterpart, the deep-fried thickly-battered
2510:
2455:
2220:
1896:
Commons, Great
Britain Parliament House of (January 10, 1892).
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1348:
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679:
429:
117:
82:
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The Netherlands, the Nordic countries, the Baltics and Russia
984:
958:
948:
916:
890:
726:
224:
143:
are known as coarse oatmeal, Irish oatmeal, or pinhead oats.
113:
2122:"How to make the perfect Staffordshire oatcakes | Food"
1479:
1003:
mixed with sheep's blood, salt, and pepper to make Highland
820:
A 2023 review found oat consumption can significantly lower
1973:. Royal Agricultural Society of England. 1859. p. 169.
1285:
850:
778:
1620:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
1435:
White (left) and black (right) puddings containing oatmeal
35:
2262:
1948:
1641:
1228:
was even more common in at least some parts of the area.
1221:
758:
254:
120:
57:
2231:
889:
culinary tradition because oats are better suited than
678:
Both types of rolled oats may be eaten uncooked, as in
151:
2029:"How to make perfect porridge | Life and style"
1970:
Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England
1475:
1900:. H.M. Stationery Office – via Google Books.
1710:. US Food and Drug Administration. 23 January 1997
1652:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
1587:. New York, N.Y: Marcel Dekker. pp. 358–372.
813:. A similar conclusion was reached in 2010 by the
504:
322:
2669:
1260:. It may include additional ingredients such as
1187:
785:in a significant quantity (see table on right).
1151:
1142:
1136:
2094:
2054:"Oatmeal product list of a Scots manufacturer"
1811:"Corn and Its Preparations in Ancient Ireland"
1169:
701:Rolled oats are also used as an ingredient in
189:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
2247:
1608:
1208:
1202:
1178:
1160:
1118:
2026:
2022:
2020:
1795:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1196:
1127:
1930:Oireachtas, Houses of the (June 30, 1959).
1910:
1109:
1017:
1008:
2254:
2240:
2099:. Aberdeen University Press. p. 648.
1929:
1616:United States Food and Drug Administration
1502:, a rice porridge eaten in Asian countries
179:made with oatmeal, flour, sugar and butter
139:. Ground oats are also called white oats.
2017:
741:Unenriched oatmeal, cooked by boiling or
171:
2161:Encyclopedia of American Food and Drink
2157:
2067:
2001:. London: J.M. Johnson & Sons. 1874
1895:
682:, or cooked with water or milk to make
2670:
2119:
1911:Oireachtais, Tithe an (July 9, 1931).
827:
2235:
2158:Mariani, John F. (February 4, 2014).
1537:. Nairns-oatcakes.com. Archived from
184:Unenriched oatmeal, cooked with water
911:referred, disparagingly, to this in
152:Industrial preparation and varieties
1694:Prewett's (manufacturer of oatmeal)
13:
1949:University of Southampton (1868).
1560:"Oatmeal Recipes and Cooking Tips"
1393:Finely ground oatmeal with berries
14:
2759:
2199:
1347:Oatmeal is a prime ingredient of
788:
2654:
2653:
2219:
2205:
1558:Trowbridge Filippone, F. (2007)
1478:
1440:
1428:
1413:
1398:
1386:
1374:
1359:
1340:
1328:
1310:
1231:
1050:
899:ancient universities of Scotland
745:, is 84% water and contains 12%
81:
70:
34:
2178:
2151:
2138:
2120:Cloake, Felicity (2018-01-29).
2113:
2088:
2046:
1989:
1977:
1961:
1942:
1923:
1904:
1889:
1871:
1853:
1835:
1821:
1803:
1677:from the original on 2024-05-09
1630:from the original on 2024-03-27
1302:Food preparations using oatmeal
1861:"Soup Kitchens and Workhouses"
1750:
1722:
1697:
1688:
1574:
1552:
1527:
1268:, or various types of fruits.
989:as the main ingredient of the
885:Oatmeal has a long history in
815:European Food Safety Authority
1:
2210:The dictionary definition of
2164:. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
1521:
1058:are a local component of the
781:(11% DV each), with no other
112:, and flattened, or a coarse
2097:The Concise Scots Dictionary
2095:Mairi Robinson, ed. (1987).
795:Food and Drug Administration
736:
664:Percentages estimated using
167:
7:
2073:McNeill, F. Marian (1929).
2027:Sybil Kapoor (2010-01-07).
1471:
1209:
880:
657:Link to USDA Database entry
10:
2764:
1775:10.1016/j.jand.2022.11.010
1295:
1271:
964:as an ingredient in baking
832:
199:297 kJ (71 kcal)
18:
2651:
2628:Oatmeal cookie (cocktail)
2610:
2539:
2363:
2327:
2269:
2174:– via Google Books.
1203:
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2743:American breakfast foods
2261:
1744:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1885
1032:as a major component of
915:definition for oats: "A
773:and moderate content of
765:and contains 29% of the
713:bars, and baked oatmeal
127:) that have either been
21:Oatmeal (disambiguation)
2521:Stornoway black pudding
2186:"Peanut Butter Oatmeal"
1335:Baked oatmeal in a dish
666:US recommendations
2144:Ohlmarks, Åke (1995).
1898:"Parliamentary Papers"
1883:www.waterfordmuseum.ie
1865:www.askaboutireland.ie
1815:www.libraryireland.com
1197:
1189:avižinių dribsnių košė
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1137:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1060:full English breakfast
1056:Staffordshire oatcakes
1018:
1009:
967:in the manufacture of
846:
670:the National Academies
180:
40:Rolled oats (uncooked)
2516:Staffordshire oatcake
2481:Oatmeal raisin cookie
2275:species and cultivars
1511:Oatmeal raisin cookie
1423:, a Scottish beverage
901:had a holiday called
801:when combined with a
297:Vitamins and minerals
175:
2708:Scandinavian cuisine
2228:at Wikimedia Commons
2146:Fornnordiskt lexikon
1405:Oatcakes (top) with
809:to reduce levels of
19:For other uses, see
2190:www.tasteofhome.com
2056:. Hamlynsoats.co.uk
1381:Apple oatmeal pizza
1220:porridge made from
1180:auzu pārslu (putra)
828:Regional variations
397:Pantothenic acid (B
185:
156:The oat grains are
102:preparation of oats
30:
2728:Lithuanian cuisine
2328:Basic preparations
1565:2009-05-25 at the
1090:oat flake porridge
977:as a stuffing for
805:via the effect of
631:Other constituents
183:
181:
87:Media: Oatmeal
26:
2718:Icelandic cuisine
2678:Breakfast cereals
2665:
2664:
2587:Oatmeal Creme Pie
2552:It's-It Ice Cream
2224:Media related to
2171:978-1-62040-161-3
2106:978-0-08-028492-7
2075:The Scots Kitchen
1936:www.oireachtas.ie
1917:www.oireachtas.ie
1843:"Irish Stirabout"
1829:"Irish Stirabout"
1662:978-0-309-48834-1
1594:978-0-8247-0514-5
1516:List of porridges
1351:, seen here at a
983:as a coating for
811:blood cholesterol
753:, and 2% each of
719:apple Brown Betty
676:
675:
621:
620:
95:
94:
76:Cookbook: Oatmeal
46:Alternative names
2755:
2723:Estonian cuisine
2657:
2656:
2283:Avena abyssinica
2256:
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1847:In an Irish Home
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1763:J Acad Nutr Diet
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1535:"Nairn's (2010)"
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1463:
1444:
1432:
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1402:
1390:
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1363:
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1254:American English
1212:
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1182:
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1100:oatmeal porridge
1098:
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1078:
1025:Outer Hebridean
1021:
1012:
927:was said by Sir
858:boarding schools
508:
433:
417:
400:
383:
366:
349:
333:Vitamin A equiv.
326:
293:
292:
186:
182:
85:
74:
54:Main ingredients
38:
31:
29:
25:
2763:
2762:
2758:
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2754:
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2752:
2748:Russian cuisine
2733:Latvian cuisine
2713:Finnish cuisine
2703:British cuisine
2668:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2647:
2638:Oat sensitivity
2623:Oat beta-glucan
2606:
2557:Macroom Oatmeal
2535:
2359:
2323:
2311:Avena byzantina
2265:
2260:
2202:
2197:
2184:
2183:
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2156:
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2148:. Tiden. p. 115
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363:Riboflavin (B
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2633:Oat diseases
2461:Oatmeal ball
2426:Gomme (food)
2406:Dock pudding
2376:Atholl brose
2339:
2316:
2309:
2297:Avena sativa
2295:
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2189:
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2140:
2129:. Retrieved
2126:The Guardian
2125:
2115:
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2069:
2058:. Retrieved
2048:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:The Guardian
2032:
2010:
2003:. Retrieved
1997:
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1953:– via
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1791:cite journal
1766:
1762:
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1738:(12): 1885.
1735:
1732:EFSA Journal
1731:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1699:
1690:
1679:. Retrieved
1651:
1643:
1632:. Retrieved
1623:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1583:
1576:
1569:
1554:
1543:. Retrieved
1539:the original
1529:
1450:havermoutpap
1449:
1421:Atholl brose
1353:Burns supper
1318:Quaker-brand
1275:
1249:
1235:
1215:
1201:and Russian
1153:hafragrautur
1111:havermoutpap
1080:oat porridge
1073:
1054:
1040:
1022:
985:Caboc cheese
942:Traditional
933:
929:Walter Scott
925:Lord Elibank
907:
884:
855:
838:
837:In Ireland,
836:
819:
803:low-fat diet
792:
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696:granola bars
687:
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155:
97:
96:
2602:Uncle Tobys
2592:Quaker Oats
2350:Rolled oats
2303:Kherson oat
1486:Food portal
1458: [
1252:is used in
1248:. The term
1246:maple syrup
1238:brown sugar
1218:Middle Ages
953:rolled oats
903:Meal Monday
767:Daily Value
743:microwaving
723:apple crisp
346:Thiamine (B
145:Rolled oats
2672:Categories
2597:Ready Brek
2547:Cool-A-Coo
2441:Havreflarn
2290:Avena nuda
2131:2018-08-14
2060:2018-08-14
2039:2012-10-08
1681:2024-06-21
1634:2024-03-28
1545:2012-10-08
1522:References
1185:Lithuanian
1162:kaurapuuro
1144:havregraut
1064:Derbyshire
1019:marag geal
1010:marag dubh
866:workhouses
775:phosphorus
709:, British
567:Phosphorus
49:White oats
2693:Porridges
2683:Breakfast
2577:Mornflake
2572:McOatmeal
2501:Rock cake
2466:Oat bread
2401:Cranachan
1570:About.com
1284:. In the
1149:Icelandic
1138:havregrøt
1134:Norwegian
1129:havregrød
839:stirabout
771:manganese
769:(DV) for
737:Nutrition
580:Potassium
554:Manganese
541:Magnesium
473:Vitamin K
460:Vitamin E
447:Vitamin C
430:Folate (B
414:Vitamin B
380:Niacin (B
168:Food uses
158:de-husked
137:steel-cut
106:de-husked
2659:Category
2567:McCann's
2526:Throdkin
2496:Porridge
2416:Flapjack
2396:Brenntar
2345:Oat milk
2035:. London
1783:36435335
1675:Archived
1671:30844154
1628:Archived
1618:(2024).
1563:Archived
1494:Brenntar
1472:See also
1455:Melkunie
1407:clapshot
1367:Porridge
1322:porridge
1282:cardamom
1266:cinnamon
1258:porridge
1256:to mean
1210:ovsyanka
1198:owsianka
1167:Estonian
991:Scottish
973:oatcakes
969:bannocks
944:porridge
895:Scotland
887:Scottish
881:Scotland
870:cornmeal
862:convents
763:Calories
731:meatloaf
711:flapjack
707:oatcakes
684:porridge
636:Quantity
501:Quantity
495:Minerals
424:0.005 mg
408:0.197 mg
319:Quantity
313:Vitamins
123:grains (
2688:Cereals
2611:Related
2506:Skirlie
2471:Oatcake
2431:Granola
2386:Bannock
2340:Oatmeal
2226:Oatmeal
2213:oatmeal
2005:Feb 14,
1714:29 July
1600:Feb 13,
1296:Gallery
1290:Kwa Ibo
1272:Nigeria
1250:oatmeal
1204:овсянка
1176:Latvian
1158:Finnish
1116:Swedish
995:skirlie
979:poultry
897:. The
833:Ireland
755:protein
715:dessert
692:granola
688:oatmeal
515:Calcium
467:0.08 mg
391:0.23 mg
374:0.02 mg
357:0.08 mg
279:Protein
110:steamed
98:Oatmeal
28:Oatmeal
2540:Brands
2511:Sowans
2491:Parkin
2456:Muesli
2168:
2103:
2085:, p202
2081:
1781:
1669:
1659:
1591:
1500:Congee
1349:haggis
1226:barley
1194:Polish
1125:Danish
1042:sowans
1034:haggis
936:rolled
874:asylum
864:, and
680:muesli
593:Sodium
561:0.6 mg
535:0.9 mg
480:0.3 μg
225:Sugars
195:Energy
133:rolled
125:groats
118:hulled
80:
61:groats
2582:Oatly
2562:Maypo
2451:Kasha
2436:Gruel
2381:Avena
2335:Groat
2272:Avena
1955:JSTOR
1708:(PDF)
1462:]
1453:from
1278:honey
1244:, or
1242:honey
1107:Dutch
993:dish
959:Gruel
949:Brose
917:grain
891:wheat
847:leite
843:Irish
727:Caboc
642:Water
587:70 mg
574:77 mg
548:27 mg
286:2.5 g
262:1.5 g
239:1.7 g
135:, or
114:flour
100:is a
2698:Oats
2263:Oats
2166:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2079:ISBN
2007:2010
1797:link
1779:PMID
1716:2017
1667:PMID
1657:ISBN
1602:2010
1589:ISBN
1288:and
1286:Eket
1280:and
851:milk
779:zinc
777:and
757:and
721:and
645:83.6
613:1 mg
606:Zinc
600:4 mg
528:Iron
522:9 mg
454:0 mg
441:6 μg
340:0 μg
218:12 g
1771:doi
1767:123
1740:doi
1624:FDA
1224:or
1222:rye
1213:).
1141:or
1095:or
1039:in
971:or
759:fat
559:26%
506:%DV
324:%DV
255:Fat
229:0.3
121:oat
116:of
58:Oat
2674::
2188:.
2124:.
2031:.
2019:^
2009:.
1934:.
1915:.
1881:.
1863:.
1845:.
1813:.
1793:}}
1789:{{
1777:.
1765:.
1761:.
1734:.
1673:.
1665:.
1626:.
1622:.
1460:nl
1264:,
1240:,
1192:,
1183:,
1174:,
1165:,
1156:,
1147:,
1132:,
1123:,
1114:,
1085:,
1066:.
1013:).
860:,
845::
824:.
817:.
733:.
705:,
698:.
611:9%
598:0%
585:2%
572:6%
546:6%
533:5%
520:1%
478:0%
465:1%
452:0%
439:2%
422:0%
406:4%
389:1%
372:2%
355:7%
338:0%
131:,
108:,
2255:e
2248:t
2241:v
2192:.
2134:.
2109:.
2063:.
2042:.
1957:.
1938:.
1919:.
1885:.
1867:.
1849:.
1831:.
1817:.
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1746:.
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1736:8
1718:.
1684:.
1637:.
1604:.
1548:.
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1044:,
1036:.
1023:,
1007:(
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672:.
434:)
432:9
416:6
401:)
399:5
384:)
382:3
367:)
365:2
350:)
348:1
23:.
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