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215:. Erected in 1984, the monument is 105 feet (32 m) high. The mass burial place of the victims of the massacres carried out in the fort is a grass field, marked by a simple yet frankly worded memorial written in several languages. It reads, "This is the place where Nazis and their assistants killed about 45,000 Jews from Lithuania and other European countries."
175:
of
Baranovitch. In addition, Jews from as far as France, Austria and Germany were brought to Kaunas during the Nazi occupation, and executed in the Ninth Fort. In 1943, the Germans operated special Jewish squads to dig mass graves and burn the remaining corpses. One squad of 64 people managed to
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In 1958, a museum was established in the Ninth Fort. In 1959, an exhibition was prepared in four cells, telling of the Nazi war crimes carried out in
Lithuania. In 1960, the discovery, cataloging, and forensic investigation of local mass murder sites began.
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At the end of the 19th century the city of Kaunas was fortified and by 1890 was encircled by eight forts and nine gun batteries. Construction of the Ninth Fort (its numerical designation having become its name) began in 1902 and was completed on the eve of
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The Ninth Fort museum contains collections of historical artifacts related both to Soviet atrocities and the Nazi genocide, as well as materials related to the earlier history of Kaunas and Ninth Fort. Most exhibits are labelled in
English.
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escape the fortress on the eve of 1944. That year, as the
Soviets moved in, the Germans liquidated the ghetto and what had by then come to be known as the "Fort of Death". The prisoners were dispersed to other camps. After
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Catalog of Medals and Pins
Commemorating the Nazi Prison Camp at Kaunas (Lithuania) IX Fortas (9th Fort)
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375:"MUSEUM OF THE NINTH FORT - Kaunas tourist Information centre and cenference bureau"
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at the Ninth Fort in Kaunas, Lithuania, was designed by sculptor
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and 45,000 to 50,000 Jews, most from Kaunas and largely the
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Through this door, 62 prisoners escaped on 25 December 1943.
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During Nazi occupation, the Ninth Fort was a place of
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Historic fort in Šilainiai elderate, Kaunas, Lithuania
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130:. From 1924 on, the Ninth Fort was used as the
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426:Kaunas Ninth Fort Unearthing Project Web Page
141:in 1940–1941, the Ninth Fort was used by the
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326:"Ninth Fort Museum - Sightseeing - Kaunas"
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830:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police battalions
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171:Notable among the victims was Rabbi
97:Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941
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995:History of the Jews in Lithuania
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23:Aerial view of the Ninth Fort
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164:in what became known as the
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1093:Prison museums in Lithuania
514:Related articles by country
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493:The Holocaust in Lithuania
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238:"Kaunas' 9th Fort Museum"
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937:Kailis forced labor camp
906:Ninth Fort November 1941
304:"IX Fortas (Ninth Fort)"
162:Lithuanian collaborators
59:in the northern part of
39:Monument for the victims
31:Reconstructed Ninth Fort
644:Franz Walter Stahlecker
415:Kaunas' 9th fort Museum
355:Kauno IX Forto Muziejus
1073:Kaunas in World War II
901:Kaunas 29 October 1941
428:by Burkhard von Harder
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71:. It is a part of the
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1034:54.94472°N 23.87056°E
453:at the Ninth Fort by
410:at Wikimedia Commons
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1103:World War II museums
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687:Shmerke Kaczerginski
604:Aleksandras Lileikis
351:"History:The Museum"
149:forced labor camps.
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840:Rollkommando Hamann
639:Rudolf Joachim Seck
282:"KAUNAS, LITHUANIA"
262:. way2lithuania.com
203:Ninth Fort memorial
1068:Geography of Gulag
1039:54.94472; 23.87056
957:Marcinkonys Ghetto
763:Petronėlė Lastienė
727:Yitzhak Wittenberg
722:Elchonon Wasserman
634:Adrian von Renteln
599:Algirdas Klimaitis
574:Algimantas Dailidė
306:. lonelyplanet.com
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947:Kovno Ghetto
891:Jäger Report
818:Perpetrators
788:Anton Schmid
753:Kazys Binkis
682:Jay M. Ipson
667:Chaim Yellin
649:Martin Weiss
629:Helmut Rauca
594:Bruno Kittel
504:Main article
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383:. Retrieved
379:the original
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330:the original
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178:World War II
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158:Kovno Ghetto
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105:Prison cell.
83:. After the
81:labour camps
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1037: /
783:Ona Šimaitė
773:Karl Plagge
707:Abba Kovner
658:Victims and
624:Mike Pasker
614:Franz Murer
310:11 November
288:11 November
266:11 November
244:11 November
154:mass murder
137:During the
128:World War I
1052:Categories
1025:23°52′14″E
1022:54°56′41″N
962:Ninth Fort
859:Resistance
660:resistance
589:Karl Jäger
451:Mass grave
385:2014-10-12
360:2019-02-15
336:2014-10-12
219:References
95:See also:
57:stronghold
49:Lithuanian
45:Ninth Fort
69:Lithuania
746:Rescuers
544:Slovakia
197:Memorial
549:Ukraine
524:Estonia
519:Belarus
408:IX Fort
91:History
55:) is a
925:Places
911:Ponary
884:Events
811:Groups
558:People
539:Russia
534:Poland
529:Latvia
209:Nazism
188:Museum
65:Kaunas
147:Gulag
312:2012
290:2012
268:2012
246:2012
143:NKVD
43:The
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47:(
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