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Depending on the complexity of the character and space constraints of the seal face, however, the number of "fold" layers did not always equal nine, but could be as few as six or as many as sixteen. Although the term "nine-fold seal script" in a broad sense includes these variations, such examples
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Strokes are conformed to the horizontal and vertical directions. As the name suggests, the strokes of a character are "folded" or "stacked" back on themselves, such as to fill the available space. This creates a rhythmic, layered or spiralling, visual effect.
149:, using recurve, convoluted strokes aligned to horizontal and vertical directions, folded back and forth to fill the available space. It was used for
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are sometimes referred to simply as "folded/layered seal script", or by specific terms such as "eight-fold seal script".
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One of the earliest examples of folded seal script is the "Seal of the Inner Court
Library" used by the court of
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Nine-fold seal script was developed during the Song dynasty (960–1279). The contemporaneous
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Liao dynasty adopted it for
Chinese-language seals, and also adapted it for the
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The influence of nine-fold seal script continued during the remainder of the
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597:: Council on East Asian Libraries, Association for Asian Studies /
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221:(reigned 1100–1126) on artworks in the imperial collection.
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Stylised, rectilinear, folded form of
Chinese calligraphy
583:"Description of East Asian Seal Impressions as Metadata"
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influenced by
Chinese nine-fold seal script, and the
639:"Daoist Seals, Part 2: Classifying Different Types"
210:dynasty also developed a seal-script form of the
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228:Third from top: the seal script style of
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497:"A. Ninefold Seal Script Official Seals"
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240:period; for example, it was used in
34:A seal impression bearing the text "
532:Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary
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252:developed a seal-script form of
637:Huang, Shih-Shan Susan (2018).
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46:") in nine-fold seal script
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581:Kobayashi, Sachie (2012).
528:"九疊篆 : ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄧㄝˊ ㄓㄨㄢ"
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244:governmental seals. The
161:and the contemporaneous
219:Emperor Huizong of Song
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713:Chinese script styles
659:10.1353/dao.2018.0002
651:University of Hawaiʻi
264:did the same for the
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127:Nine-fold seal script
113:Nine-fold seal script
22:Nine-fold seal script
943:Chinese script style
882:Ming / Song
177:Form and terminology
838:Semi-cursive script
720:Handwritten scripts
445:traditional Chinese
412:traditional Chinese
379:traditional Chinese
353:traditional Chinese
320:traditional Chinese
288:Space-filling curve
200:Khitan large script
143:Chinese calligraphy
728:Oracle bone script
437:simplified Chinese
404:simplified Chinese
371:simplified Chinese
345:simplified Chinese
312:simplified Chinese
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151:Chinese characters
133:, also translated
99:Oracle bone script
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109:Small seal script
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563:. Seal Society.
561:"Seal Glossary"
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495:(2023-06-08) .
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458:bā dié zhuàn
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293:Square Kufic
262:Qing dynasty
250:Yuan dynasty
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167:Ming dynasty
163:Liao dynasty
159:Song dynasty
153:on official
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70:Song dynasty
40:" (modern: "
752:Seal script
392:jiǔ dié shū
366:jiǔ dié wén
283:Seal script
208:Western Xia
206:seals. The
202:for use on
65:Time period
57:Logographic
52:Script type
468:References
37:大英伯朙𦤃龍正㞢章
866:Typefaces
800:Nine-fold
788:Bird-worm
667:1941-5524
653:: 46–82.
607:1087-5093
425:dié zhuàn
299:Footnotes
173:masters.
77:Languages
43:大英伯明皇龍正之章
937:Category
900:Fangsong
272:See also
254:Phags-pa
230:Phags-pa
593:(155).
538:. 2021.
190:History
157:by the
72:onwards
912:Gothic
665:
605:
455::
453:pinyin
447::
439::
422::
420:pinyin
414::
406::
389::
387:pinyin
381::
373::
363::
361:pinyin
355::
347::
330::
328:pinyin
322::
314::
258:Manchu
246:Mongol
196:Khitan
171:Daoist
776:Small
764:Large
369:; or
260:-led
248:-led
155:seals
137:, or
663:ISSN
603:ISSN
591:2012
904:仿宋體
804:九疊篆
792:鳥蟲篆
732:甲骨文
655:doi
449:八疊篆
441:八叠篆
383:九疊書
375:九叠书
357:九疊文
349:九叠文
324:九疊篆
316:九叠篆
129:or
939::
916:黑體
892:宋體
886:明體
854:草書
842:行書
830:楷書
818:隸書
780:小篆
768:大篆
756:篆書
744:金文
661:.
649:.
647:11
645:.
641:.
615:^
601:.
589:.
585:.
569:^
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530:.
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476:^
451:;
443:;
418:;
416:疊篆
410:;
408:叠篆
385:;
377:;
359:;
351:;
326:;
318:;
268:.
705:e
698:t
691:v
669:.
657::
609:.
503:.
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