137:
1987:
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all who hear about them they will be entirely new. For the opinion of the ancients was, that the greater part of the world beyond the equinoctial line to the south was not land, but only sea, which they have called the
Atlantic; and even if they have affirmed that any continent is there, they have given many reasons for denying it is inhabited. But this opinion is false, and entirely opposed to the truth. My last voyage has proved it, for I have found a continent in that southern part; full of animals and more populous than our Europe, or Asia, or Africa, and even more temperate and pleasant than any other region known to us.
4211:
4181:
1949:
1919:
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1874:
2002:
2032:
2017:
1859:
1889:
29:
2514:
1003:
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1934:
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255:
482:
392:
989:
975:
213:"), and consequently came up with alternative names to refer to them. Only a few weeks after Columbus's return from his first voyage, Martyr wrote letters referring to Columbus's discovered lands as the "western antipodes" ("antipodibus occiduis", letter of 14 May 1493), the "new hemisphere of the earth" ("novo terrarum hemisphaerio", 13 September 1493).
366:
In passed days I wrote very fully to you of my return from new countries, which have been found and explored with the ships, at the cost and by the command of this Most Serene King of
Portugal; and it is lawful to call it a new world, because none of these countries were known to our ancestors and to
550:
of 1504, placed a large open ocean between China on the east side of the map, and the inchoate largely water-surrounded North
American and South American discoveries on the western side of map. Out of uncertainty, they depicted a finger of the Asian land mass stretching across the top to the eastern
580:
volume, which includes reprints of
Vespucci's letters, comes closest to modernity by placing a completely open sea, with no stretching land fingers, between Asia on the eastern side and the New World. It is represented two times in the same map in a different way: with and without a sea passage in
449:
in 1508 to digest all existing information about the Indies, come to an agreement on what had been discovered, and set out the future goals of
Spanish exploration. Amerigo Vespucci attended both conferences, and seems to have had an outsized influence on them—at Burgos, he ended up being appointed
457:
Although the proceedings of the Toro-Burgos conferences are missing, it is almost certain that
Vespucci articulated his recent 'New World' thesis to his fellow navigators there. During these conferences, Spanish officials seem to have accepted that the Antilles and the known stretch of Central
566:
map, bowing to
Ptolemaic authority and Columbus's assertions, have the northern Asian landmass stretching well into the western hemisphere and merging with known North America, Labrador, Newfoundland, etc. These maps place the island of Japan near Cuba and leave the South American
346:. Vespucci wrote a preliminary letter to Lorenzo, while anchored at Bezeguiche, which he sent back with the Portuguese fleet, which expressed a certain puzzlement about his conversations. Vespucci ultimately was convinced while on his mapping expedition of eastern
1283:"if the river mentioned does not proceed from the terrestrial paradise, it comes from an immense tract of land situated in the south, of which no knowledge has been hitherto obtained." (Columbus 1499 letter on the third voyage, as reproduced in R.H. Major,
216:
In a letter dated 1 November 1493, he refers to
Columbus as the "discoverer of the new globe" ("Colonus ille novi orbis repertor"). A year later, on 20 October 1494, Peter Martyr again refers to the marvels of the New Globe ("Novo Orbe") and the
244:. In another letter to the nurse of Prince John, written 1500, Columbus refers to having reached a "new heavens and world" ("nuevo cielo é mundo") and that he had placed "another world" ("otro mundo") under the dominion of the Kings of Spain.
530:
but a "New World", the geographic relationship between Europe and the
Americas remained unclear. That there must be a large ocean between Asia and the Americas was implied by the known existence of vast continuous sea along the coasts of
187:, which he explored in 1455 and 1456 on behalf of the Portuguese. This was merely a literary flourish, not a suggestion of a new "fourth" part of the world. Cadamosto was aware that sub-Saharan Africa was part of the African continent.
374:
Peter Martyr, who had been writing and circulating private letters commenting on
Columbus's discoveries since 1493, often shares credit with Vespucci for designating the Americas as a new world. Peter Martyr used the term
749:, and the same domesticated plants and animals spread through these three continents thousands of years ago, making them largely indistinct and useful to classify together as "Old World". Common Old World crops, e.g.,
292:. Vespucci's letter contains the first explicit articulation in print of the hypothesis that the lands discovered by European navigators to the west were not the edges of Asia, as asserted by
730:
often attach the "New World" label to groups of species found exclusively in the Americas, to distinguish them from their counterparts in the "Old World" (Europe, Africa and Asia)—e.g.,
1620:
620:
definitely formed a single large body of water that separates Asia from the Americas. Several years later, the Pacific Coast of North America was mapped. The discovery of the
1379:
1348:
1702:
4132:
591:'s map of 1516 retreats considerably from his earlier map and back to classical authority, with the Asian land mass merging into North America, which he now calls
1551:
Missinne, Stefaan (Fall 2013). "A Newly Discovered Early Sixteenth-Century Globe Engraved on an Ostrich Egg: The Earliest Surviving Globe Showing the New World".
458:
America were not the Indies as they had hoped. Though Columbus still insisted they were. They set out the new goal for Spanish explorers: find a sea passage or
410:. At the time, most of the continent of North America was not yet discovered, and Vespucci's comments did not eliminate the possibility that the islands of the
236:
implied that a previously unknown continent must lie behind it. Columbus proposes that the South American landmass is not a "fourth" continent, but rather the
624:
in the early 18th century, established that Asia and North America were not connected by land. But some European maps of the 16th century, including the 1533
1041:
1119:). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 33: ". Since the 16th century, the term "New World" has been used to describe the
581:
the middle of what is now named Central America on the western side—which, on what is now named South America, that same map famously labels simply "
1667:
122:
are considered neither Old World nor New World lands, since they were only colonized by Europeans much later. They were associated instead with the
1056:
1400:
The Vespucci letter sent from Bezeguiche was not published, but was maintained in manuscript form and was published by F.A. de Varnhagen in 1865 (
4301:
2578:
414:
discovered earlier by Christopher Columbus might still be the eastern edges of Asia, as Columbus continued to insist until his death in 1506.
4125:
1822:
1596:
663:
and not doing justice to either the historic or geographic complexity of the world. It is argued that both 'worlds' and the age of Western
1665:"The Written Record of the Voyage of 1524 of Giovanni da Verrazzano as recorded in a letter to Francis I, King of France, July 8th, 1524"
1088:
1436:
3852:
3711:
1734:
808:
were originally domesticated in the Americas before they spread worldwide after Columbian contact, and are still often referred to as "
324:
4296:
4200:
1026:
1339:
The letter says 17 August 1501, although translators variously rendered it also as 7 August 1501, 10 August 1501, or 1 August 1501.
338:
Having already visited the Americas in prior years, Vespucci likely found it difficult to reconcile what he had already seen in the
4118:
4038:
1031:
1327:
1314:
1288:
167:) for the Americas in his 1503 letter, giving it its popular cachet, although similar terms had been used and applied before him.
371:
Vespucci's letter was a publishing sensation in Europe that was immediately and repeatedly reprinted in several other countries.
88:
This realization expanded the geographical horizon of earlier European geographers, who had thought that the world only included
955:
are believed to have been domesticated separately in both the Old and New World, or their early forms possibly brought along by
3845:
3731:
1363:
1342:
3840:
3774:
1614:
1016:
656:
281:
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The label is also often used in agriculture. Asia, Africa, and Europe share a common agricultural history stemming from the
3835:
3799:
3738:
1694:
1073:
1051:
4230:
3828:
3823:
3769:
1078:
1470:, and the 1507 Italian re-translation "El Nuovo Mondo de Lengue Spagnole interpretato in Idioma Ro. Libro Quinto" (from
3697:
2571:
1188:
3779:
1815:
1373:
1116:
4291:
4276:
3794:
3784:
3726:
3704:
3687:
3682:
3601:
1046:
3804:
3633:
3499:
3413:
3363:
652:
507:
311:. A chance meeting between two different expeditions occurred at the watering stop at Bezeguiche in present-day
4225:
4195:
4185:
3748:
1756:
Banks, Glenn; Overton, John (2010). "Old World, New World, Third World? Reconceptualising the Worlds of Wine".
551:
edge of the map, suggesting it carried over into the western hemisphere. E.g. the Cantino Planisphere denotes
4306:
4215:
4058:
4043:
2564:
2524:
1139:. The second sense is now primary in English: ... However, the term is open to uncertainties: ..."
4170:
4091:
3743:
3373:
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2805:
2430:
1808:
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228:
of Spain, reporting the results of his third voyage, he relates how the massive waters of South America's
148:
4321:
4316:
3230:
2390:
1664:
829:
707:. The usefulness of these terms for wines though have been questioned as arbitrary and too generalized.
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3408:
3393:
2691:
2676:
1136:
703:, and all other locations outside the traditional wine-growing regions of Europe, North Africa and the
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559:
190:
20:
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3692:
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2335:
2325:
2078:
1566:
Colección de los viages y descubrimientos que hicieron por mar los españoles desde fines del siglo XV
727:
635:
in a record of his voyage that year along the Atlantic coast of North America in what is present-day
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4180:
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2878:
2591:
2544:
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1083:
380:
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The term "New World" is still commonly employed when discussing historic spaces, particularly the
112:, while the Americas were then referred to as "the fourth part of the world", or the "New World".
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328:
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The Vespucci passage above applied the "New World" label to merely the continental landmass of
78:
1151:, by Amerigo Vespucci; translation by George Tyler Northrup, Princeton University Press; 1916.
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3959:
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1239:
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1479:
612:, twenty years after Columbus' initial voyage. It was a few more years before the voyage of
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from 1501 to 1502. After returning from Brazil in the spring of 1503, Vespucci authored the
307:
and compared the nature and people of the place with what Portuguese sailors told him about
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32:
8:
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109:
48:
28:
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303:, Vespucci realized that he was in a "New World" on 17 August 1501 as he arrived in
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2436:
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2200:
1769:
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809:
659:. It has been framed as being problematic for applying a colonial perspective of
628:, still continued to depict North America as connected by a land bridge to Asia.
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124:
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continent—Vespucci's "New World" proper—detached and floating below by itself.
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3874:
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1165:
Columbus Then and Now, a life re-examined. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press
994:
825:
719:
684:
1428:
The Letters of Amerigo Vespucci and Other Documents Illustrative of His Career
595:, and quietly drops the "America" label from South America, calling it merely
486:
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2415:
1953:
1948:
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1933:
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1405:
Amerígo Vespucci, son caractère, ses écrits ... sa vie et ses navigations ...
1128:
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857:
853:
710:
In a biological context, species can be divided into those in the Old World (
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617:
605:
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503:
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was not universally accepted, entering English only relatively late, and has
430:
426:
407:
296:, but rather an entirely different continent that represented a "New World".
233:
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1991:
1986:
1008:
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319:, as Vespucci was on his expedition to chart the coast of newly discovered
89:
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The European Discovery of America, v.2: The southern voyages, 1492–1616
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115:
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4010:
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2595:
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2345:
2295:
2215:
2210:
2155:
2088:
1831:
1466:) provides side-by-side reproductions of both the 1503 Latin version
940:
920:
704:
696:
552:
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this left a large space between Asia and the newly discovered lands.
532:
206:
105:
82:
1501:"nuevo mundo", designación que Pedro Mártyr será el primero en usar
1499:(in Spanish) (5th ed.). Mexico: Editorial Hermes. p. 363.
254:
240:
of Biblical tradition, a land allegedly known, but undiscovered, by
3537:
3142:
3078:
3049:
2959:
2918:
2726:
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2006:
2001:
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944:
841:
494:
411:
359:
266:
77:, presenting his conclusion that these lands, soon called America
52:
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2420:
2185:
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2103:
2036:
2031:
2021:
2016:
1678:. Yale, pp. 133–43. Citing: a translation by Susan Tarrow of the
928:
924:
873:
833:
778:
481:
391:
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of the discovery of the Americas, which began appearing in 1511.
316:
229:
119:
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4015:
3119:
3073:
2780:
2767:
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2225:
1923:
1918:
1863:
1858:
948:
936:
916:
908:
889:
885:
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865:
837:
774:
754:
750:
636:
459:
446:
355:
347:
320:
304:
101:
93:
56:
797:, did not exist in the Americas until they were introduced by
55:. The term gained prominence in the early 16th century during
4145:
3866:
3761:
3305:
2603:
2587:
2230:
1835:
1564:
For an account of Vespucci at Toro and Burgos, see Navarette
932:
897:
821:
805:
794:
786:
770:
332:
312:
285:
198:
194:
183:
used the term "un altro mondo" ("another world") to refer to
163:
is usually credited for coming up with the term "New World" (
68:
44:
1749:
128:
that had been posited as a hypothetical southern continent.
2900:
1893:
1888:
1695:"The Old World-New World Debate and the Columbian Exchange"
782:
758:
527:
308:
97:
1159:
1157:
790:
766:
762:
1127:. Since the 18th century, it has come to represent the
1555:, journal of the Washington Map Society (87): p. 8–24.
1154:
1408:(in French). pp. 78–82 – via Google Books.
1368:. Centro Tipografico Livornese editore. p. 222.
1042:
Early impact of Mesoamerican goods in Iberian society
970:
280:
in a letter written to his friend and former patron
1687:
1313:Columbus 1500 letter to the nurse (in Major, 1870:
604:The western coast of the New World, including the
1326:Columbus's 1500 letter to the nurse(Major, 1870:
943:. There are rare instances of overlap, e.g., the
4258:
1676:The Voyages of Giovanni da Verrazzano, 1524–1528
1497:Vida del muy magnífico señor Don Cristóbal Colón
1149:Mundus Novus: Letter to Lorenzo Pietro Di Medici
1135:until it established independence following the
1725:"Real Differences: New World vs Old World Wine"
1478:was reprinted many times (see Varnhagen, 1865:
542:Even prior to Vespucci, several maps, e.g. the
535:. Given the size of the Earth as calculated by
43:" is used to describe the majority of lands of
691:and South American wines, but also those from
4126:
2572:
1816:
683:, "New World" uses a particular definition. "
616:'s between 1519 and 1522 determined that the
462:through the Americas, a path to Asia proper.
261:, a late 16th century illustration depicting
259:Amerigo Vespucci awakens the sleeping America
1755:
1491:
1401:
1109:The Oxford Companion to the English Language
1057:Puritan migration to New England (1620–1640)
342:with what returning sailors told him of the
1089:Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
497:
4133:
4119:
2579:
2565:
1823:
1809:
1717:
1674:. Citing: Wroth, Lawrence C., ed. (1970).
1187:, as reprinted in Giovanni Ramusio (1554:
631:In 1524, the term "New World" was used by
1027:Canadian Indian residential school system
518:While it became generally accepted after
454:, the chief of the navigation of Spain.
441:was assembled by the Spanish monarchs at
4247:Indigenous peoples by geographic regions
1646:
1644:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1424:
1032:Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery
480:
390:
253:
135:
27:
1830:
1595:Sobecki, Sebastian (12 November 2015).
1594:
1402:de Varnhagen, Francisco Adolfo (1865).
1340:
667:rather entered a new stage, as in the '
471:more recently been subject to criticism
470:
379:, meaning "New Globe", in the title of
4259:
1607:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935338.013.141
1439:from the original on 20 September 2023
1382:from the original on 20 September 2023
1361:
1351:from the original on 20 September 2023
1285:Select Letters of Christopher Columbus
1101:
574:of 1507, which accompanied the famous
437:. A conference of navigators known as
4302:European colonization of the Americas
4114:
2560:
1804:
1635:
1529:New York: Harper (1907: pp. 239, 244)
1017:European colonization of the Americas
657:European colonization of the Americas
646:
362:, with the famous opening paragraph:
1737:from the original on 16 October 2019
1052:Native American people and Mormonism
282:Lorenzo di Pier Francesco de' Medici
1079:Norse colonization of North America
674:
555:as "Punta d'Asia"—"edge of Asia".
502:"the New World" and traces most of
13:
903:Other New World crops include the
888:and domesticated animals like the
773:, and domesticated animals, e.g.,
14:
4333:
1796:
1623:from the original on 17 June 2019
224:In Columbus's 1499 letter to the
141:Historia antipodum oder newe Welt
131:
4297:European colonisation in Oceania
4224:
4209:
4194:
4179:
4164:
4087:
4086:
3419:West South Central United States
2535:
2534:
2512:
2030:
2015:
2000:
1985:
1947:
1932:
1917:
1902:
1887:
1872:
1857:
1764:(1). Informa UK Limited: 57–75.
1705:from the original on 16 May 2022
1074:History of Australia (1788–1850)
1047:Jesuit missions in North America
1001:
987:
973:
856:were originally domesticated by
425:, depicts the New World as only
104:became collectively called the "
3634:Latin America and the Caribbean
3500:Latin America and the Caribbean
2358:Possible future supercontinents
1663:Verrazzano, Giovanni da (1524).
1657:
1588:
1575:
1558:
1545:
1532:
1519:
1506:
1485:
1452:
1413:
1394:
1333:
1320:
1307:
1294:
1277:
1131:, which was initially colonial
653:voyages of Christopher Columbus
476:
276:) was coined in Spring 1503 by
247:
221:" ("ab occidente hemisphero").
1585:. Cambridge (1966: pp. 166–67)
1482:for a list of early reprints).
1261:
1244:
1228:
1211:
1208:New York: Harper (1904: p. 30)
1198:
1170:
1142:
718:) and those in the New World (
325:Second Portuguese India armada
170:
1:
1181:
1094:
386:
288:) in 1503–04 under the title
197:chronicler at the service of
3101:Middle East and North Africa
2806:Middle East and North Africa
2136:Other prehistoric continents
1770:10.1080/09571264.2010.495854
1304:, Chicago (2004: pp. 266–67)
608:, was discovered in 1513 by
35:'s 1540 map of the New World
7:
1601:. Oxford University Press.
1362:Bonari, Bruno (July 2013).
1341:Canovai, Stanislao (1832).
1123:, often referred to as the
966:
10:
4338:
3394:Northeastern United States
1472:Paesi Nuovamente retrovati
1425:Vespucci, Amerigo (1894).
1344:Viaggi di Amerigo Vespucci
1206:Spain in America, 1450–580
1137:American Revolutionary War
864:. Agriculturalists in the
558:Some maps, e.g., the 1506
358:and sent it to Lorenzo in
205:'s claims to have reached
21:New World (disambiguation)
18:
4243:
4156:
4082:
4024:
4001:
3968:
3932:
3865:
3759:
3667:
3658:
3587:
3508:
3314:
3118:
2899:
2857:
2766:
2757:
2705:
2662:
2602:
2504:
2262:
2258:
2057:
2053:
1974:
1970:
1846:
1842:
1447:– via Google Books.
593:Terra de Cuba Asie partis
577:Cosmographiae Introductio
445:in 1505 and continued at
284:, which was published in
149:Matthäus Merian the Elder
63:, after Italian explorer
3875:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
2879:Transantarctic Mountains
2545:Chronology of continents
1758:Journal of Wine Research
1670:8 September 2006 at the
1652:The Discovery of the Sea
1516:, Chicago (2004: p. 268)
1474:). The Latin version of
1084:Peopling of the Americas
840:, and wide varieties of
145:History of the New World
16:Synonym for the Americas
4292:Culture of the Americas
4277:Country classifications
3624:Caribbean South America
1419:English translation of
526:' discoveries were not
232:delta rushing into the
191:Peter Martyr d'Anghiera
79:based on Amerigo's name
3404:Southern United States
3207:Scandinavian Peninsula
2306:Great Australian Bight
1583:The Early Spanish Main
1493:de Madariaga, Salvador
1191:). See also M. Zamora
931:, and fruits like the
799:post-Columbian contact
633:Giovanni da Verrazzano
626:Johannes Schöner globe
560:Contarini–Rosselli map
515:
498:
421:, possibly created by
403:
369:
331:, were returning from
272:The term "New World" (
269:
152:
36:
3880:Antarctic Convergence
3424:Western United States
1423:as found in Markham (
1069:History of Antarctica
959:from Asia during the
610:Vasco Núñez de Balboa
484:
394:
364:
323:and the ships of the
257:
139:
31:
4307:Geographical regions
2946:Greater Central Asia
2530:Continental fragment
2525:Regions of the world
1542:.(1974: pp. 265–66).
1163:M.H.Davidson (1997)
1022:Atlantic slave trade
747:Neolithic Revolution
589:Martin Waldseemüller
524:Christopher Columbus
329:Pedro Álvares Cabral
294:Christopher Columbus
238:terrestrial paradise
203:Christopher Columbus
151:, published in 1631
19:For other uses, see
4092:Continents of Earth
3619:Brazilian Highlands
3028:Indian subcontinent
2889:Antarctic Peninsula
2687:Southern Hemisphere
2682:Northern Hemisphere
2487:Indian Subcontinent
2277:Submerged continent
1701:. 31 January 2021.
1598:New World Discovery
961:last glacial period
687:" include not only
655:and the subsequent
544:Cantino planisphere
439:Junta de Navegantes
81:, constitute a new
71:-language pamphlet
51:, particularly the
4322:Western Hemisphere
4317:Culture of Oceania
4142:Indigenous peoples
3907:Great Barrier Reef
3528:Mainland Australia
3236:Apennine Peninsula
2697:Western Hemisphere
2672:Eastern Hemisphere
2268:
2063:
1980:
1852:
1733:. 21 August 2012.
1435:. pp. 42–52.
1121:Western Hemisphere
1037:Columbian Exchange
872:brought forth the
740:New World warblers
736:New World vultures
647:Contemporary usage
614:Ferdinand Magellan
516:
404:
270:
265:'s voyages to the
219:Western Hemisphere
185:sub-Saharan Africa
153:
110:Eastern Hemisphere
49:Western Hemisphere
37:
4254:
4253:
4238:
4237:
4108:
4107:
3988:Mediterranean Rim
3861:
3860:
3800:Mediterranean Sea
3654:
3653:
3607:Amazon Rainforest
3434:Canadian Prairies
3399:Pacific Northwest
3260:Iberian Peninsula
3045:Arabian Peninsula
2872:Antarctic Plateau
2632:Three/Four Worlds
2554:
2553:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2316:Kerguelen Plateau
2254:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2043:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1960:
1616:978-0-19-993533-8
1514:Relating Religion
1433:Markham, Clements
1302:Relating Religion
1062:Valladolid debate
852:, etc.), and the
832:"—as well as the
732:New World monkeys
572:Waldseemüller map
423:Leonardo da Vinci
400:Ostrich Egg Globe
226:Catholic Monarchs
33:Sebastian Münster
4329:
4287:Cultural regions
4282:Cultural history
4267:Age of Discovery
4228:
4213:
4198:
4183:
4168:
4159:
4158:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4112:
4111:
4090:
4089:
4069:Global Southwest
4064:Global Southeast
4054:Global Northwest
4049:Global Northeast
4039:Global Heartland
3983:Indian Ocean Rim
3665:
3664:
3557:Island Melanesia
3248:Balkan Peninsula
3023:Himalayan states
2970:Russian Far East
2764:
2763:
2692:Water Hemisphere
2581:
2574:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2538:
2537:
2519:World portal
2517:
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2019:
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1536:
1530:
1527:Amerigo Vespucci
1523:
1517:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1489:
1483:
1460:Amerígo Vespucci
1456:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1431:. Translated by
1417:
1411:
1409:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1365:Amerigo Vespucci
1360:
1358:
1356:
1337:
1331:
1324:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1281:
1275:
1269:Opus Epistolarum
1265:
1259:
1252:Opus Epistolarum
1248:
1242:
1236:Opus Epistolarum
1232:
1226:
1219:Opus Epistolarum
1215:
1209:
1202:
1196:
1195:, (1993: p. 121)
1193:Reading Columbus
1186:
1183:
1174:
1168:
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1006:
1005:
997:
992:
991:
990:
983:
981:Geography portal
978:
977:
976:
947:(bottle-gourd),
681:wine terminology
675:Particular usage
546:of 1502 and the
520:Amerigo Vespucci
501:
489:map overseen by
398:depicted on the
278:Amerigo Vespucci
263:Amerigo Vespucci
181:Alvise Cadamosto
161:Amerigo Vespucci
65:Amerigo Vespucci
61:Age of Discovery
4337:
4336:
4332:
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4330:
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4326:
4312:Human geography
4257:
4256:
4255:
4250:
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4204:
4199:
4189:
4184:
4174:
4169:
4152:
4139:
4109:
4104:
4078:
4020:
3997:
3964:
3928:
3857:
3846:South China Sea
3755:
3698:Central America
3650:
3583:
3504:
3456:Northern Mexico
3444:Northern Canada
3429:Atlantic Canada
3384:Mountain states
3310:
3165:European Russia
3158:Southern Russia
3114:
3067:Iranian Plateau
2895:
2884:West Antarctica
2867:East Antarctica
2853:
2753:
2701:
2677:Land Hemisphere
2658:
2598:
2585:
2555:
2550:
2549:
2511:
2496:
2491:
2477:Eastern Siberia
2467:Central America
2455:
2448:
2442:
2437:Terra Australis
2404:
2388:
2382:
2378:Pangaea Proxima
2361:
2356:
2350:
2289:
2285:microcontinents
2274:
2250:
2245:
2191:East Antarctica
2139:
2134:
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2077:
2073:supercontinents
2069:
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2020:
2010:
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1995:
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1962:
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1672:Wayback Machine
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1347:. p. 158.
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1133:British America
1106:
1102:
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1007:
1000:
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988:
986:
979:
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810:New World crops
801:in the 1490s.
685:New World wines
677:
649:
598:Terra incognita
564:Johannes Ruysch
479:
435:Central America
389:
327:, commanded by
252:
173:
134:
125:Terra Australis
24:
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4100:Physical Earth
4083:
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3912:Mariana Trench
3909:
3899:
3894:
3892:Atlantic Ocean
3889:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3871:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3856:
3855:
3853:Southern Ocean
3850:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3841:East China Sea
3833:
3832:
3831:
3821:
3820:
3819:
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3807:
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3775:Atlantic Ocean
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3579:Remote Oceania
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3449:Western Canada
3446:
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3439:Eastern Canada
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3153:South Caucasus
3150:
3148:North Caucasus
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3055:South Caucasus
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2924:Aralkum Desert
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1797:External links
1795:
1792:
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1699:Wondrium Daily
1686:
1656:
1654:(1974: p. 227)
1634:
1615:
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1574:
1568:(1829: v.iii,
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1250:Peter Martyr,
1243:
1238:, Letter 133,
1234:Peter Martyr,
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1217:Peter Martyr,
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132:Origin of term
130:
67:published the
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3876:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3864:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3836:Pacific Ocean
3834:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3822:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3790:Caribbean Sea
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3763:
3758:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3732:by population
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3706:
3705:South America
3703:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3689:
3688:North America
3686:
3685:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3673:
3671:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3639:Southern Cone
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3614:Andean States
3612:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3589:South America
3586:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3558:
3555:
3554:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3507:
3501:
3498:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3316:North America
3313:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:Low Countries
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3255:South-western
3253:
3249:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3243:South-eastern
3241:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3231:South-central
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Mediterranean
3219:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3187:British Isles
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3089:
3085:
3084:Levantine Sea
3082:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2971:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:Mediterranean
2774:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2748:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2589:
2582:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2451:Subcontinents
2447:
2446:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Kumari Kandam
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2392:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2257:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2039:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1969:
1956:
1955:
1954:South America
1950:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:North America
1935:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1860:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1821:
1819:
1814:
1812:
1807:
1806:
1803:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1752:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1690:
1683:
1682:
1681:Cèllere Codex
1677:
1673:
1669:
1666:
1660:
1653:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1591:
1584:
1578:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1554:
1548:
1541:
1538:S.E. Morison
1535:
1528:
1522:
1515:
1509:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1407:
1406:
1397:
1381:
1377:
1375:9788890695681
1371:
1367:
1366:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1336:
1329:
1323:
1316:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1290:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1271:, Letter 156
1270:
1267:Peter Martyr
1264:
1257:
1254:(Letter 138,
1253:
1247:
1241:
1237:
1231:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1207:
1201:
1194:
1190:
1179:
1173:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1150:
1145:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1129:United States
1126:
1122:
1118:
1117:0-19-214183-X
1114:
1110:
1104:
1100:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1004:
999:
996:
985:
982:
971:
964:
962:
958:
957:Paleo-Indians
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
901:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
870:South America
867:
863:
859:
858:pre-Columbian
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
830:three sisters
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
802:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
644:
642:
641:United States
638:
634:
629:
627:
623:
619:
618:Pacific Ocean
615:
611:
607:
606:Pacific Ocean
602:
600:
599:
594:
590:
586:
585:
579:
578:
573:
568:
565:
562:and the 1508
561:
556:
554:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
529:
525:
521:
513:
512:North America
509:
505:
504:South America
500:
496:
492:
491:Diogo Ribeiro
488:
483:
474:
472:
468:
463:
461:
455:
453:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
431:North America
428:
427:South America
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
408:South America
401:
397:
393:
384:
382:
378:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
299:According to
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
268:
264:
260:
256:
250:
245:
243:
239:
235:
234:Gulf of Paria
231:
227:
222:
220:
214:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
186:
182:
178:
168:
166:
162:
158:
150:
146:
142:
138:
129:
127:
126:
121:
117:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
90:Afro-Eurasian
86:
84:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4245:
4223:
4208:
4193:
4178:
4163:
4098: /
4096:List of seas
4094: /
4059:Global South
4044:Global North
3978:Atlantic Rim
3917:Ring of Fire
3897:Indian Ocean
3887:Arctic Ocean
3829:Persian Gulf
3824:Indian Ocean
3805:Adriatic Sea
3770:Arctic Ocean
3602:Amazon Basin
3597:Amazon Plain
3569:Near Oceania
3374:Mid-Atlantic
3324:Aridoamerica
3284:Northwestern
3197:Northwestern
3170:Southeastern
3062:Greater Iran
3001:Southeastern
2996:Pacific Asia
2965:Pacific Asia
2953:Northeastern
2909:Asia–Pacific
2652:Fourth World
2642:Second World
2621:
2510:
2449:
2435:
2399:hypothesised
2389:
2357:
2275:
2206:Kazakhstania
2181:Congo Craton
2135:
2071:Prehistoric
2070:
2029:
2014:
1999:
1992:Afro-Eurasia
1984:
1946:
1931:
1916:
1901:
1886:
1871:
1856:
1761:
1757:
1751:
1739:. Retrieved
1728:
1719:
1707:. Retrieved
1698:
1689:
1679:
1675:
1659:
1651:
1650:J.H. Parry,
1625:. Retrieved
1597:
1590:
1582:
1577:
1565:
1560:
1553:The Portolan
1552:
1547:
1539:
1534:
1526:
1521:
1513:
1512:J.Z. Smith,
1508:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1476:Mundus Novus
1475:
1471:
1468:Mundus Novus
1467:
1459:
1454:
1441:. Retrieved
1427:
1421:Mundus Novus
1420:
1415:
1404:
1396:
1384:. Retrieved
1364:
1353:. Retrieved
1343:
1335:
1322:
1309:
1301:
1300:J.Z. Smith,
1296:
1284:
1279:
1268:
1263:
1251:
1246:
1235:
1230:
1221:(Letter 130
1218:
1213:
1205:
1204:E.G. Bourne
1200:
1192:
1177:
1172:
1164:
1144:
1108:
1103:
1009:World portal
902:
850:chili pepper
817:
814:Common beans
804:Many common
803:
744:
709:
693:South Africa
678:
669:modern world
650:
630:
603:
596:
592:
582:
575:
569:
557:
541:
537:Eratosthenes
517:
499:MUNDUS NOVUS
477:Delimitation
466:
464:
456:
452:piloto mayor
451:
438:
429:, excluding
416:
405:
396:Mundus Novus
395:
376:
373:
370:
365:
352:Mundus Novus
351:
337:
301:Mundus Novus
300:
298:
290:Mundus Novus
289:
274:Mundus Novus
273:
271:
258:
249:Mundus Novus
248:
223:
215:
189:
174:
165:Mundus Novus
164:
154:
144:
140:
123:
114:
87:
74:Mundus Novus
73:
72:
40:
38:
25:
4074:Global West
4034:Global East
3993:Pacific Rim
3935:waterbodies
3924:World Ocean
3749:New Zealand
3629:The Guianas
3518:Australasia
3461:West Indies
3389:New England
3369:Great Lakes
3339:Mesoamerica
3226:Middle East
3202:Scandinavia
3091:Middle East
2929:Caspian Sea
2835:Great Lakes
2815:Sub-Saharan
2801:Middle East
2664:Hemispheres
2647:Third World
2637:First World
2590:'s primary
2373:Novopangaea
2241:South China
2221:North China
1581:C.O. Sauer
1458:Varnhagen,
1443:14 November
1386:18 November
1355:18 November
1185: 1470
1178:Navigationi
1107:"America."
905:sweetpotato
862:Mesoamerica
860:peoples in
846:bell pepper
728:taxonomists
701:New Zealand
665:colonialism
548:Canerio map
493:labels the
487:Padrón Real
381:his history
344:East Indies
340:West Indies
242:Christendom
171:Prior usage
4272:Antarctica
4261:Categories
3815:Ionian Sea
3810:Aegean Sea
3780:Baltic Sea
3712:Antarctica
3564:Micronesia
3533:New Guinea
3491:Portuguese
3414:West Coast
3364:East Coast
3359:Bible Belt
3354:Appalachia
3033:Subregions
2941:Inner Asia
2859:Antarctica
2759:Continents
2732:Antarctica
2707:Landmasses
2617:Down Under
2612:Arab World
2596:subregions
2509:See also:
2411:Hyperborea
2401:continents
2336:Seychelles
2321:Madagascar
2301:Doggerland
2196:Euramerica
2151:Asiamerica
1879:Antarctica
1832:Continents
1741:3 December
1730:Wine Folly
1570:pp. 320–23
1525:F.A. Ober
1176:Cadamosto
1095:References
894:guinea pig
868:region of
716:Afrotropic
712:Palearctic
508:east coast
450:the first
419:1504 globe
387:Acceptance
354:letter in
211:the Indies
201:, doubted
157:Florentine
116:Antarctica
39:The term "
4150:continent
4011:Antarctic
3795:Irish Sea
3785:Black Sea
3744:Australia
3693:Caribbean
3670:continent
3644:Patagonia
3574:Polynesia
3552:Melanesia
3545:Zealandia
3523:Australia
3409:Southwest
3329:Caribbean
3106:Near East
2747:submerged
2742:Zealandia
2737:Australia
2627:Old World
2622:New World
2482:Greenland
2346:Zealandia
2311:Jan Mayen
2296:Cathaysia
2216:Laurentia
2211:Laramidia
2201:Kalaharia
2156:Atlantica
2089:Kenorland
1909:Australia
1786:129445056
1778:0957-1264
1464:pp. 13–26
1167:, p. 417)
941:pineapple
921:sunflower
818:phaseolus
724:Neotropic
705:Near East
697:Australia
661:discovery
553:Greenland
533:East Asia
485:The 1529
467:New World
465:The term
377:Orbe Novo
207:East Asia
179:explorer
159:explorer
108:" of the
106:Old World
83:continent
41:New World
3538:Tasmania
3486:Hispanic
3349:Northern
3296:Germanic
3274:Atlantic
3216:Southern
3177:Northern
3143:Caucasus
3079:Dead Sea
3050:Caucasus
3018:Southern
3011:Maritime
3006:Mainland
2979:Northern
2960:Far East
2919:Aral Sea
2842:Southern
2786:Northern
2540:Category
2406:Atlantis
2391:Mythical
2326:Mauritia
2291:Beringia
2176:Cimmeria
2171:Chilenia
2161:Avalonia
2141:Amazonia
2124:Vaalbara
2109:Pannotia
2094:Laurasia
2084:Gondwana
2079:Columbia
2007:Americas
1735:Archived
1709:10 April
1703:Archived
1668:Archived
1621:Archived
1495:(1952).
1462:(1865:
1437:Archived
1380:Archived
1349:Archived
1287:, 1870:
1125:Americas
967:See also
945:calabash
842:capsicum
779:chickens
720:Nearctic
639:and the
506:and the
495:Americas
412:Antilles
360:Florence
267:Americas
177:Venetian
53:Americas
4216:Oceania
4186:Eurasia
4144:of the
3739:Oceania
3727:by area
3683:America
3660:Islands
3510:Oceania
3379:Midwest
3334:Central
3301:Romance
3269:Western
3138:Balkans
3133:Eastern
3128:Central
3096:Mashriq
3040:Western
2984:Siberia
2936:Eastern
2914:Central
2847:Western
2820:Central
2796:Mashriq
2791:Maghreb
2781:Saharan
2727:America
2720:Eurasia
2592:regions
2426:Meropis
2421:Lemuria
2236:Siberia
2186:Cuyania
2166:Baltica
2146:Arctica
2114:Rodinia
2104:Pangaea
2037:Oceania
2022:Eurasia
929:vanilla
925:tobacco
874:cassava
834:avocado
755:lentils
584:America
402:in 1504
317:Senegal
230:Orinoco
195:Italian
120:Oceania
92:lands.
4171:Africa
4026:Global
4016:Arctic
3955:Rivers
3933:Other
3867:Oceans
3722:Europe
3678:Africa
3471:French
3344:Middle
3306:Slavic
3291:Celtic
3192:Nordic
3182:Baltic
3120:Europe
3074:Levant
2768:Africa
2604:Worlds
2462:Arabia
2457:Alaska
2397:, and
2368:Aurica
2363:Amasia
2226:Pampia
1924:Europe
1864:Africa
1784:
1776:
1627:2 June
1613:
1372:
1328:p. 170
1315:p. 154
1289:p. 147
1189:p. 106
1115:
951:, and
949:cotton
937:papaya
927:, and
917:rubber
909:cashew
890:alpaca
886:quinoa
882:potato
878:peanut
866:Andean
854:turkey
838:tomato
828:—the "
826:squash
824:, and
787:horses
775:cattle
751:barley
637:Canada
460:strait
447:Burgos
356:Lisbon
348:Brazil
321:Brazil
305:Brazil
102:Europe
94:Africa
57:Europe
4146:world
4003:Polar
3948:lists
3943:Lakes
3762:ocean
3481:Ibero
3476:Latin
3466:Anglo
2588:Earth
2341:Sunda
2331:Sahul
2281:lands
2231:Sahul
1836:Earth
1782:S2CID
1273:p. 88
1256:p. 76
1240:p. 73
1223:p. 72
933:guava
913:cocoa
898:llama
822:maize
806:crops
795:sheep
783:goats
771:wheat
522:that
333:India
313:Dakar
286:Latin
199:Spain
193:, an
147:, by
143:, or
69:Latin
45:Earth
3960:Seas
3717:Asia
2989:Ural
2901:Asia
2830:Horn
2825:East
2594:and
2395:lost
2283:and
2099:Nena
1894:Asia
1774:ISSN
1743:2014
1711:2022
1629:2016
1611:ISBN
1480:p. 9
1445:2015
1388:2020
1370:ISBN
1357:2020
1113:ISBN
939:and
896:and
791:pigs
763:peas
759:oats
570:The
528:Asia
443:Toro
433:and
309:Asia
175:The
155:The
118:and
100:and
98:Asia
4148:by
3970:Rim
3760:By
3668:By
1834:of
1766:doi
1603:doi
953:yam
900:.
820:),
812:".
767:rye
679:In
671:'.
587:".
510:of
335:.
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59:'s
47:'s
4263::
2431:Mu
2393:,
2119:Ur
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1182:c.
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