303:
Aggouras, G.; Anassontzis, E.; Ball, A.; Bourlis, G.; Chinowsky, W.; Fahrun, E.; Grammatikakis, G.; Green, C.; Grieder, P.; Katrivanos, P.; Katrivanos, P.; Koske, P.; Leisos, A.; Markopoulos, E.; Minkowsky, P.; Nygren, D.; Papageorgiou, K.; Przybylski, G.; Resvanis, L. K.; Siotis, I.; Sopher, J.;
267:
Aggouras, G.; Anassontzis, E.G.; Ball, A.E.; Bourlis, G.; Chinowsky, W.; Fahrun, E.; Grammatikakis, G.; Green, C.; Grieder, P.; Katrivanos, P.; Koske, P.; Leisos, A.; Ludvig, J.; Markopoulos, E.; Minkowsky, P.; Nygren, D.; Papageorgiou, K.; Przybylski, G.; Resvanis, L.K.; Siotis, I.; Sopher, J.;
140:
was selected for the installation of the telescope for several reasons. It combines deep water with close proximity to the shore, a convenient combination for the installation of the NESTOR towers and the communication and power supply cables. It is also located in an anti-diametric point with
180:-collaboration. As such, they are not developing the NESTOR telescope anymore as its own instance, but Km3Net has a planned telescope site off the coast of Pylos (which can thus be seen as a continuation of the NESTOR project to build an underwater telescope off the coast of Pylos).
117:
Because neutrinos are very weakly interacting, neutrino detectors must be very large to detect a significant number of neutrinos. After completion, NESTOR will consist of a large number of glass balls (the "eyes") containing
1168:
38:(Neutrino Extended Submarine Telescope with Oceanographic Research Project) is an international scientific collaboration whose target is the deployment of a neutrino telescope on the sea floor off
1097:
1194:
810:
619:
339:
95:. Since they do not interact with matter via the electromagnetic or gravitational forces, it is extremely difficult to detect them. Since their mass is very small (less than 14
1163:
304:
Staveris-Polikalas, A.; Tsagli, V.; Tsirigotis, A.; Zhukov, V. A. (2005). "A measurement of the cosmic-ray muon flux with a module of the NESTOR neutrino telescope".
1173:
1138:
820:
716:
1047:
690:
967:
152:
Original surveys of the seafloor were conducted in 1989, 1991, 1992 and scientific conferences of the NESTOR Collaboration were held in the 1990s.
405:
787:
1017:
891:
659:
466:
695:
932:
1037:
916:
906:
624:
1128:
795:
1012:
270:
Nuclear
Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
1042:
232:
Tzamarias, S.E. (2005). "Operation and performance of the NESTOR test detector: A measurement of the atmospheric muon flux".
126:
frames. Many frames compose a NESTOR tower. The whole construction is placed at the bottom of the sea to reduce noise from
1067:
896:
685:
489:
1245:
609:
268:
Staveris, T.; Tsagli, V.; Tsirigotis, A.; Zhukov, V.A. (2005). "Operation and performance of the NESTOR test detector".
1204:
1123:
353:
1199:
1158:
1133:
1062:
777:
516:
459:
149:
ocean and therefore, it is possible to compare observations and study correlations between the observed neutrino.
1276:
340:"Nestor: Unravelling the universe's mysteries from the bottom of the sea | News | European Parliament"
155:
In March 2003, the NESTOR prototype was lowered to the depth of 3800 meters some 30 kilometers off the coast of
1077:
972:
669:
17:
1286:
1143:
1118:
1255:
1087:
997:
947:
644:
475:
59:
are elementary particles first detected in the 1950s, long after their theoretical prediction by theorist
1281:
1235:
639:
634:
452:
214:
92:
130:(depth 4000m). The detectors are connected with the terminal station through a 31-km-long deep-sea,
987:
425:
444:
28:
493:
649:
76:
1002:
876:
570:
385:
313:
277:
241:
167:
8:
1240:
1027:
1007:
614:
194:
430:
389:
325:
317:
281:
245:
1153:
942:
881:
601:
520:
1113:
575:
253:
721:
700:
547:
163:
112:
64:
1148:
1072:
901:
856:
800:
772:
664:
393:
321:
285:
249:
127:
937:
741:
119:
1214:
1189:
1022:
756:
289:
189:
142:
60:
173:
In 2014 the project was still applying funding to build the actual telescope.
1270:
435:
410:
376:
137:
39:
962:
96:
439:
131:
27:
This article is about the neutrino observatory. For other projects, see
982:
886:
726:
99:) they travel with speeds that are very close to the speed of light in
731:
397:
736:
84:
75:
and vice versa. Neutrinos do not interact with matter via either the
56:
1219:
1092:
1082:
815:
629:
474:
431:
XIX International
Conference on Neutrino Physics & Astrophysics
123:
51:
374:
Feder, T. (2002). "Deep-Sea Km
Neutrino Detector Gets Thumbs Up".
1057:
146:
88:
80:
72:
1250:
1032:
992:
977:
911:
851:
825:
177:
156:
100:
68:
302:
266:
83:
forces, since they are electrically neutral leptons and their
1052:
957:
952:
835:
830:
805:
654:
543:
751:
746:
63:. Neutrinos (or anti-neutrinos) are created during certain
176:The NESTOR collaboration is now (2018) part of the
159:. The prototype's results were published in 2005.
122:tubes. The "eyes" are connected with star-shaped
1268:
476:Neutrino detectors, experiments, and facilities
460:
215:"NESTOR sees muons at the bottom of the sea"
234:Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements
1236:BNO (Baksan or Baxan Neutrino Observatory)
467:
453:
406:"Neutrino Astronomy: Deep and meaningful"
231:
14:
1269:
87:is very small. They interact with the
448:
373:
162:The spokesperson for the project is
326:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.02.001
106:
24:
367:
25:
1298:
1200:Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
419:
254:10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2005.01.129
91:(neutrons and protons) only via
346:
332:
296:
260:
225:
207:
13:
1:
517:Lederman–Schwartz–Steinberger
200:
1256:List of neutrino experiments
134:cable for data collection.
7:
183:
45:
10:
1303:
290:10.1016/j.nima.2005.06.083
145:neutrino telescope in the
110:
49:
26:
1228:
1182:
1106:
925:
869:
844:
786:
765:
709:
678:
600:
585:
482:
93:weak nuclear interactions
79:, the strong nuclear, or
29:Nestor (disambiguation)
1277:Neutrino observatories
438:experiment record on
306:Astroparticle Physics
71:are transformed into
1287:Particle experiments
571:Neutrino oscillation
168:University of Athens
1241:Kamioka Observatory
390:2002PhT....55j..20F
318:2005APh....23..377N
282:2005NIMPA.552..420A
246:2005NuPhS.143..355T
1282:Neutrino astronomy
414:. 24 October 2002.
1264:
1263:
998:Heidelberg-Moscow
865:
864:
722:ICARUS (Fermilab)
398:10.1063/1.1522156
164:Leonidas Resvanis
113:Neutrino detector
65:nuclear reactions
16:(Redirected from
1294:
1149:Neutrino Factory
902:Hyper-Kamiokande
665:Super-Kamiokande
598:
597:
565:
564:
563:
555:
554:
538:
537:
536:
528:
527:
511:
510:
509:
501:
500:
469:
462:
455:
446:
445:
426:Official Webpage
415:
401:
361:
360:
358:
350:
344:
343:
336:
330:
329:
300:
294:
293:
264:
258:
257:
229:
223:
222:
221:. 30 April 2003.
211:
128:cosmic radiation
107:NESTOR Telescope
21:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1224:
1178:
1102:
921:
861:
840:
782:
761:
705:
674:
593:
591:
589:
587:
581:
562:
559:
558:
557:
553:
551:
550:
549:
548:
535:
532:
531:
530:
526:
524:
523:
522:
521:
508:
505:
504:
503:
499:
497:
496:
495:
494:
478:
473:
422:
404:
370:
368:Further reading
365:
364:
356:
352:
351:
347:
338:
337:
333:
301:
297:
265:
261:
230:
226:
213:
212:
208:
203:
186:
141:respect to the
120:photomultiplier
115:
109:
77:electromagnetic
54:
48:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1300:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1210:NESTOR Project
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1190:DUMAND Project
1186:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1110:
1108:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
929:
927:
923:
922:
920:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
873:
871:
867:
866:
863:
862:
860:
859:
854:
848:
846:
842:
841:
839:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
792:
790:
784:
783:
781:
780:
775:
769:
767:
763:
762:
760:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
713:
711:
707:
706:
704:
703:
698:
693:
688:
682:
680:
676:
675:
673:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
606:
604:
595:
583:
582:
580:
579:
578:neutrino burst
573:
568:
560:
552:
541:
533:
525:
514:
506:
498:
486:
484:
480:
479:
472:
471:
464:
457:
449:
443:
442:
433:
428:
421:
420:External links
418:
417:
416:
402:
369:
366:
363:
362:
345:
331:
312:(4): 377–392.
295:
276:(3): 420–439.
259:
224:
205:
204:
202:
199:
198:
197:
192:
190:Project DUMAND
185:
182:
111:Main article:
108:
105:
61:Wolfgang Pauli
50:Main article:
47:
44:
36:NESTOR Project
18:Nestor Project
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1299:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
928:
924:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
868:
858:
855:
853:
850:
849:
847:
843:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
793:
791:
789:
785:
779:
776:
774:
771:
770:
768:
764:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
712:
708:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
683:
681:
677:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
607:
605:
603:
599:
596:
584:
577:
574:
572:
569:
566:
545:
542:
539:
518:
515:
512:
491:
488:
487:
485:
481:
477:
470:
465:
463:
458:
456:
451:
450:
447:
441:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
413:
412:
411:The Economist
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
384:(10): 20–21.
383:
379:
378:
377:Physics Today
372:
371:
355:
354:"Koucher.pdf"
349:
342:. 2014-03-28.
341:
335:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
299:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
263:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
228:
220:
216:
210:
206:
196:
193:
191:
188:
187:
181:
179:
174:
171:
169:
165:
160:
158:
153:
150:
148:
144:
139:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
114:
104:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
81:gravitational
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
53:
43:
41:
40:Pylos, Greece
37:
30:
19:
1209:
1205:NEMO Project
963:Double Chooz
870:Construction
602:Astronomical
490:Cowan–Reines
409:
381:
375:
348:
334:
309:
305:
298:
273:
269:
262:
237:
233:
227:
219:CERN Courier
218:
209:
175:
172:
161:
154:
151:
136:
116:
55:
35:
33:
811:KamLAND-Zen
710:Accelerator
588:(divided by
483:Discoveries
440:INSPIRE-HEP
240:: 355–358.
132:optic fiber
1271:Categories
1028:Kamiokande
983:Gargamelle
887:Baikal-GVD
742:NA61/SHINE
727:MicroBooNE
201:References
1183:Cancelled
1003:Homestake
953:Cuoricino
917:SuperNEMO
737:MiniBooNE
586:Operating
85:rest mass
57:Neutrinos
1229:See also
1174:WATCHMAN
1124:JEM-EUSO
1107:Proposed
1093:Soudan 2
1083:SciBooNE
816:MAJORANA
766:Collider
686:Daya Bay
630:Borexino
592:neutrino
184:See also
124:titanium
89:nucleons
73:neutrons
67:, where
52:Neutrino
46:Neutrino
1154:Nucifer
973:EXO-200
926:Retired
882:ARIANNA
778:SND@LHC
732:MINERνA
691:KamLAND
679:Reactor
645:IceCube
615:ANTARES
594:source)
590:primary
576:SN 1987
386:Bibcode
314:Bibcode
278:Bibcode
242:Bibcode
195:ANTARES
147:Pacific
69:protons
1251:SNOLAB
1195:LAGUNA
1139:LEGEND
1058:MINOS+
1033:KARMEN
1008:ICARUS
978:GALLEX
933:AMANDA
912:KM3NeT
852:KATRIN
826:PandaX
701:STEREO
561:τ
556:ν
534:μ
529:ν
502:ν
436:NESTOR
178:KM3NeT
157:Greece
143:DUMAND
101:vacuum
1220:BOREX
1159:P-ONE
1129:GRAND
1114:CUPID
1073:OPERA
1053:MINOS
1048:MACRO
988:GERDA
958:DONUT
943:Chooz
857:WITCH
845:Other
836:XMASS
806:CUORE
801:COBRA
796:AMoRE
773:FASER
717:ANNIE
670:SNEWS
655:NEVOD
625:BDUNT
610:ANITA
544:DONUT
357:(PDF)
166:from
138:Pylos
1246:LNGS
1164:SBND
1144:LENA
1119:nEXO
1098:Utah
1078:RICE
1068:NEMO
1063:NARC
1043:LSND
1013:IGEX
968:ERPM
948:CNGS
938:CDHS
907:JUNO
897:DUNE
892:BEST
831:SNO+
821:NEXT
788:0νββ
752:NuMI
747:NOvA
696:RENO
660:SAGE
640:HALO
635:BUST
34:The
1215:SOX
1169:UNO
1134:INO
1088:SNO
1038:KGF
1023:K2K
1018:IMB
993:GNO
877:ARA
757:T2K
650:LVD
620:ASD
394:doi
322:doi
286:doi
274:552
250:doi
238:143
1273::
408:.
392:.
382:55
380:.
320:.
310:23
308:.
284:.
272:.
248:.
236:.
217:.
170:.
103:.
97:eV
42:.
567:)
546:(
540:)
519:(
513:)
507:e
492:(
468:e
461:t
454:v
400:.
396::
388::
359:.
328:.
324::
316::
292:.
288::
280::
256:.
252::
244::
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.