Gothic Revival architecture

3224: 3192: 3247: 2114: 2770: 1084: 2903: 3170: 3132: 1240: 2789: 3151: 726: 2615: 2736: 2967: 1944: 799:. Although it began to lose force and popularity after the third quarter of the 19th century in commercial, residential and industrial fields, some buildings such as churches, schools, colleges and universities were still constructed in the Gothic style, often known as "Collegiate Gothic", which remained popular in England, Canada and in the United States until well into the early to mid-20th century. Only when new materials, like steel and glass along with concern for function in everyday working life and saving space in the cities, meaning the need to build up instead of out, began to take hold did the Gothic Revival start to disappear from popular building requests. 1147: 2051: 609: 2630: 2952: 2997: 2811: 3098: 2581: 987: 2509: 2562: 2357: 2713: 2830: 2690: 600: 2528: 2982: 3117: 1626: 2926: 2865: 2543: 3027: 2649: 47: 3267: 3079: 2751: 3012: 946: 1752: 1489: 3042: 121: 2849: 1401: 303: 3057: 814: 2664: 2283: 2884: 2596: 14304: 10197: 1458:(1841), he set out his "two great rules of design: 1st, that there should be no features about a building which are not necessary for convenience, construction or propriety; 2nd, that all ornament should consist of enrichment of the essential construction of the building". Urging modern craftsmen to seek to emulate the style of medieval workmanship as well as reproduce its methods, Pugin sought to reinstate Gothic as the true Christian architectural style. 475: 1708: 10221: 10209: 1127:, author Victor Hugo said "Let us inspire in the nation, if it is possible, love for the national architecture", implying that "Gothic" is France's national heritage. In Germany, with the completion of Cologne Cathedral in the 1880s, at the time its summit was the world's tallest building, the cathedral was seen as the height of Gothic architecture. Other major completions of Gothic cathedrals were of 1818: 117:

construction principles of its medieval ideal, sometimes amounting to little more than pointed window frames and touches of neo-Gothic decoration on buildings otherwise created on wholly 19th-century plans, using contemporary materials and construction methods; most notably, this involved the use of iron and, after the 1880s, steel in ways never seen in medieval exemplars.

1522:, Ruskin proposed that Gothic buildings excelled above all other architecture because of the "sacrifice" of the stone-carvers in intricately decorating every stone. In this, he drew a contrast between the physical and spiritual satisfaction which a medieval craftsman derived from his work, and the lack of these satisfactions afforded to modern, 905:, an influential decorator from a family of influential interior designers, expressed his preference for the Gothic style: "In my opinion there is no quality of lightness, elegance, richness or beauty possessed by any other style... in which the principles of sound construction can be so well carried out". The illustrated catalogue for the 3223: 2480:, an influential collection of essays edited by Peter Ferriday. By 2008, the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Victorian Society, the architecture of the Gothic Revival was more fully appreciated with some of its leading architects receiving scholarly attention and some of its best buildings, such as 3563:. "You have doubtless seen the accounts of the late great conflagration at Westminster. There is nothing much to regret...a vast amount of Soane's mixtures and Wyatt's heresies have been consigned to oblivion. Oh it was a glorious sight to see his composition mullions and cement pinnacles flying and cracking." 1722:. As well as a powerful and influential theorist, Viollet-le-Duc was a leading architect whose genius lay in restoration. He believed in restoring buildings to a state of completion that they would not have known even when they were first built, theories he applied to his restorations of the walled city of 3246: 1122:

in the early 19th century, the Germans, French and English all claimed the original Gothic architecture of the 12th century era as originating in their own country. The English boldly coined the term "Early English" for "Gothic", a term that implied Gothic architecture was an English creation. In his

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belief concerned by the growth of religious nonconformism. The "Anglo-Catholic" tradition of religious belief and style became known for its intrinsic appeal in the third quarter of the 19th century. Gothic Revival architecture varied considerably in its faithfulness to both the ornamental styles and

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in 1934. But the conventional early 20th century view of the architecture of the Gothic Revival was strongly dismissive, critics writing of "the nineteenth century architectural tragedy", ridiculing "the uncompromising ugliness" of the era's buildings and attacking the "sadistic hatred of beauty" of

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arts, beginning with church architecture, the tomb monuments of royal and noble personages, stained glass, and late Gothic illuminated manuscripts. Other Gothic arts, such as tapestries and metalwork, continued to be disregarded as barbaric and crude, however sentimental and nationalist associations

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series edited by Nikolaus Pevsner. Hitchcock devoted substantial chapters to the Gothic Revival, noting that, while "there is no more typical nineteenth-century product than a Victorian Gothic church", the success of the Victorian Gothic saw its practitioners design mansions, castles, colleges, and

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stone with arched windows and doors, parts of its tower and its battlements were wood. Gothic buildings were subsequently erected by Episcopal congregations in Connecticut at St John's in Salisbury (1823), St John's in Kent (1823–1826) and St Andrew's in Marble Dale (1821–1823). These were followed

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and paid for by the profits from his hugely successful, historical novels, exemplifies the "Regency Gothic" style. Gothic Revival also includes the reintroduction of medieval clothes and dances in historical re-enactments staged especially in the second part of the 19th century, although one of the

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purest and most spiritual development at the period when this style of architecture constituted its corporeal form". Those rejecting the link between Gothic and Catholicism looked to adopt it solely for its aesthetic romantic qualities, to combine it with other styles, or look to northern European

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in Troy, New York, was constructed in 1827–1828 as an exact copy of Town's design for Trinity Church, New Haven, but using local stone; due to changes in the original, St. Paul's is closer to Town's original design than Trinity itself. In the 1830s, architects began to copy specific English Gothic

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It had in fact been used in "Gothic" buildings since the earliest days of the revival. In some cases, cast iron enabled something like a perfection of medieval design. It was only with Ruskin and the archaeological Gothic's demand for historical truth that iron, whether it was visible or not, was

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launched a famous attack; "We are told we should adopt because it is the Christian style, and this most impudent assertion has been accepted as sound doctrine even by earnest and intelligent Protestants; whereas it ought only to have force with those who believe that Christian truth attained its

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The revived Gothic style was not limited to architecture. Classical Gothic buildings of the 12th to 16th Centuries were a source of inspiration to 19th-century designers in numerous fields of work. Architectural elements such as pointed arches, steep-sloping roofs and fancy carvings like lace and

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Not every architect or client was swept away by this tide. Although Gothic Revival succeeded in becoming an increasingly familiar style of architecture, the attempt to associate it with the notion of high church superiority, as advocated by Pugin and the ecclesiological movement, was anathema to

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deemed improper for a Gothic building. Ultimately, the utility of iron won out: "substituting a cast iron shaft for a granite, marble or stone column is not bad, but one must agree that it cannot be considered as an innovation, as the introduction of a new principle. Replacing a stone or wooden

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in Paris. In this respect he differed from his English counterpart Ruskin, as he often replaced the work of mediaeval stonemasons. His rational approach to Gothic stood in stark contrast to the revival's romanticist origins. Throughout his career he remained in a quandary as to whether iron and

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buildings were the preeminent example, of which the original library survives today (after the rest was destroyed by fire in 1916). Their example was followed elsewhere in the city and outlying areas, showing how popular the Gothic Revival movement had become. Other examples of Canadian Gothic

698:, displays the incorporation of turrets. The architectural historian John Gifford writes that the castellations were the "symbolic assertion of the still quasi-feudal power exercised over the inhabitants within his heritable jurisdictions". Most buildings were still largely in the established 3608:), le-Duc wrote of the ignorance of Gothic architecture prevalent at the start of the 19th century: "as for which had been constructed between the end of the Roman empire and the fifteenth century, they were scarcely spoken of except to be cited as the products of ignorance or barbarousness". 3473:

trained as an accountant and his posthumous famed rested on his antiquarian researches, rather than his considerable corpus of buildings, which were disparaged as the creations of a "self-taught" architect. It was only towards the end of his life, and after, that the position of architect was

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in London in 1873 between proponents of the European and indigenous approaches. While T. Roger Smith contended that, "as our administration exhibits European justice, order, law and honour, so our buildings ought to hold up a high standard of European art", William Emerson argued that "it is

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In parallel with the ascendancy of neo-Gothic styles in 19th century England, interest spread to the rest of Europe, Australia, Africa and the Americas; the 19th and early 20th centuries saw the construction of very large numbers of Gothic Revival structures worldwide. The influence of

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lattice work were applied to a wide range of Gothic Revival objects. Some examples of Gothic Revival influence can be found in heraldic motifs in coats of arms, furniture with elaborate painted scenes like the whimsical Gothic detailing in English furniture is traceable as far back as

504:(1601–1829) continued to be built following Gothic principles (structure of the buildings, application of tracery) with some little changes like the use of round arches instead of pointed arches and the application of some Classical details, until the arrival of Baroque architecture. 1115:. Reichensperger was himself in no doubt as to the cathedral's central position in Germanic culture; "Cologne Cathedral is German to the core, it is a national monument in the fullest sense of the word, and probably the most splendid monument to be handed down to us from the past". 1533:

to be "the central building of the world", Ruskin argued the case for Gothic government buildings as Pugin had done for churches, though mostly only in theory. When his ideas were put into practice, Ruskin often disliked the result, although he supported many architects, such as

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was at once a setting and a protagonist in a hugely popular work of fiction. Hugo intended his book to awaken a concern for the surviving Gothic architecture left in Europe, however, rather than to initiate a craze for neo-Gothic in contemporary life. In the same year that

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is very good". He strongly opposed illusion, however: reacting against the casing of a cast iron pillar in stone, he wrote; "il faut que la pierre paraisse bien être de la pierre; le fer, du fer; le bois, du bois" (stone must appear to be stone; iron, iron; wood, wood).

2353:, although some modernist architects saw the Gothic tradition of architectural form entirely in terms of the "honest expression" of the technology of the day, and saw themselves as heirs to that tradition, with their use of rectangular frames and exposed iron girders. 3418:

Tours of the house, conducted by Walpole's housekeeper, Margaret Young, proved hugely popular. Walpole wrote to a friend; "I am so tormented by droves of people coming to see my house, and Margaret gets such sums of money by showing it, that I have a mind to marry

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condition with the design using an ornate reverse in keeping with the revived style. Considered by collectors to be particularly beautiful, they are known as 'Gothic crowns'. The design was repeated in 1853, again in proof. A similar two shilling coin, the 'Gothic

462:, which made him a pioneer of Gothic Revival completions of medieval buildings, which from the late 19th century were increasingly disapproved of, although work in this style continued into the 20th century. Back in Oxford, the redecoration of the dining hall at 1435:, Pugin provided designs for silver from 1828, using the 14th-century Anglo-French Gothic vocabulary that he would continue to favour later in designs for the new Palace of Westminster. Between 1821 and 1838 Pugin and his father published a series of volumes of 3510:

In Montreal, Quebec, Canada, the earlier neo-Gothic Basilica of Notre Dame (1824) belongs to the Gothic Revival exported from Great Britain and the United States. Its architect, James O'Donnell, was an Irish immigrant with no known connections to

2143:, Canada, Australia particularly the state of Victoria and New Zealand generally adopted British styles in toto (see above); other parts of the empire saw regional adaptations. India saw the construction of many such buildings, in styles termed 398:, was rebuilt in a mixture of Baroque and older Gothic forms, demonstrating the restitution of the Anglican Church. These two buildings can be said to herald the onset of Gothic Revival architecture, several decades before it became mainstream. 3701:

recalled Rendel's contribution; "It was well known that Victorian architecture was bad or screamingly funny, or both. Rendel begged to differ, but what really stunned his audience was that he knew, and knew in great detail, what he was talking

1103:. Begun in 1248, it was still unfinished at the time of the revival. The 1820s "Romantic" movement brought a new appreciation of the building, and construction work began once more in 1842, marking a German return for Gothic architecture. 570:, Hungary, whose choir (adjacent to a Baroque nave) was long considered authentically Gothic, because the 18th-century architect used medieval shapes to emphasize the continuity of the monastic community with its 14th-century founders. 76:

that after a gradual build-up beginning in the second half of the 17th century became a widespread movement in the first half of the 19th century, mostly in England. Increasingly serious and learned admirers sought to revive medieval

2135:, the architectural historian, noted the spread of the Gothic Revival in the 19th and early 20th centuries, "wherever English culture extended – as far as the West Coast of the United States and to the remotest Antipodes". The 3604: 1201:'s temporary façade erected for the Medici-House of Lorraine nuptials in 1588–1589, was dismantled, and the west end of the cathedral stood bare again until 1864, when a competition was held to design a new façade suitable to 1967:

of the High Gothic. But, in most cases, Carpenter Gothic buildings were relatively unadorned, retaining only the basic elements of pointed-arch windows and steep gables. A well-known example of Carpenter Gothic is a house in

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style. Important for the adoption of the style in the early 19th century was Abbotsford, which became a model for the modern revival of the baronial style. Common features borrowed from 16th- and 17th-century houses included

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In the United States, Collegiate Gothic was a late and literal resurgence of the English Gothic Revival, adapted for American college and university campuses. The term "Collegiate Gothic" originated from American architect

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as his nominal superior. Pugin provided the external decoration and the interiors, while Barry designed the symmetrical layout of the building, causing Pugin to remark, "All Grecian, Sir; Tudor details on a classic body".

3541:; "A man who remains any length of time in a modern Gothic room, and escapes without being wounded by some of its minutiae, may consider himself extremely fortunate. There are often as many pinnacles and gables about a 2769: 2258:, wrote; "I am sure we do not overestimate the importance of real Churches built after the fashion of our English churches". He oversaw the construction of some fifty such buildings between 1848 and his death in 1872. 1954:

houses and small churches became common in North America and other places in the late 19th century. These structures adapted Gothic elements such as pointed arches, steep gables, and towers to traditional American

1423:, still a teenager, was working for two highly visible employers, providing Gothic detailing for luxury goods. For the Royal furniture makers Morel and Seddon he provided designs for redecorations for the elderly 2406:, was expanded and reconstructed in a neo-Gothic style between the late 1950s and 2005, and a commanding stone central tower was added. A new church in the Gothic style is planned for St. John Vianney Parish in 1868:. However, the estimated cost, at just under one million dollars, together with the sheer scale of the plans, thoroughly alarmed the College Trustees and only one-sixth of the plan was executed, the present 8295:

The Moral Efficacy and the Positive Benefits of the Ordinances of the Gospel: A Sermon Preached at the Consecration of Trinity Church, in the City of New Haven, on Wednesday, the 21st Day of February, A.D.

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frame as are to be found in a church. I have perpetrated many of these enormities in the furniture I designed some years ago for Windsor Castle... Collectively they appeared a complete burlesque of pointed

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Attempt to discriminate the styles of English architecture from the Conquest to the Reformation; preceded by a sketch of the Grecian and Roman orders, with notices of nearly five hundred English buildings

1799:, New York dating from the 1860. Vaux enlisted openwork forms derived from Gothic blind-arcading and window tracery to express the spring and support of the arching bridge, in flexing forms that presage 1598:, and it became desirable to build large numbers of new churches to cater for the growing population, and cemeteries for their hygienic burials. This found ready exponents in the universities, where the 201:

took a critical view of industrial society and portrayed pre-industrial medieval society as a golden age. To Pugin, Gothic architecture was infused with the Christian values that had been supplanted by

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In spite of this, the Gothic Revival continued to exert its influence, simply because many of its more massive projects were still being built well into the second half of the 20th century, such as

5925: 4733: 1111:, begun in 1344, was also completed in the mid-19th and early 20th centuries. The importance of the Cologne completion project in German-speaking lands has been explored by Michael J. Lewis, 1779:, a set of daring designs for buildings that combined iron and masonry. Though these projects were never realised, they influenced several generations of designers and architects, notably 2492:, surveyed a half-century of losses and successes, reflected on the changing perceptions toward Victorian architecture and concluded with a chapter entitled "The Victorians Victorious". 965:

wrote in 1816 that "Gothic architecture has beauties of its own", which marked the beginning of the Gothic Revival in France. Starting in 1828, Alexandre Brogniart, the director of the

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Catholic church. Architecture, in the form of the Gothic Revival, became one of the main weapons in the high church's armoury. The Gothic Revival was also paralleled and supported by "

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in London, after its predecessor was largely destroyed in a fire in 1834. His part in the design consisted of two campaigns, 1836–1837 and again in 1844 and 1852, with the classicist

3169: 1618:, was so savagely critical of new church buildings that were below its exacting standards and its pronouncements were followed so avidly that it became the epicentre of the flood of 3131: 1880:

laying out the grounds. Hitchcock considers the result, "perhaps the most satisfactory of all of works and the best example anywhere of Victorian Gothic collegiate architecture".

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masonry should be combined in a building. Iron, in the form of iron anchors, had been used in the most ambitious buildings of medieval Gothic, especially but not only for tracery.

2902: 1833:'s handwritten description of his own "English Collegiate Gothic Mansion" of 1853 for the Harrals of Bridgeport. By the 1890s, the movement was known as "Collegiate Gothic". 1454:(1836), Pugin expressed his admiration not only for medieval art but for the whole medieval ethos, suggesting that Gothic architecture was the product of a purer society. In 527:

in Bologna, which had been under construction since 1390; there, the Gothic context of the structure overrode considerations of the current architectural mode. Similarly, in

7001: 961:, where it was created in the 12th century. Gothic architecture was sometimes known during the medieval period as the "Opus Francigenum", (the "French Art"). French scholar 745:

to name and define the sequence of Gothic styles in English ecclesiastical architecture, "a text-book for the architectural student". Its long antique title is descriptive:

1860:, visited Britain, seeking models and an architect for a planned new campus for the college. William Burges was chosen and he drew up a four-quadrangled masterplan, in his 2442:, followed in 1928, in which he described the Revival as "the most widespread and influential artistic movement which England has ever produced." The architect and writer 1347:

and Gothic Revival Churches, and these "'mature Gothic Revival' buildings made the domestic Gothic style architecture which preceded it seem primitive and old-fashioned".

2463:), was published in 1950 and began a slow turn in the tide of opinion "towards a more serious and sympathetic assessment." In 1958, Henry-Russell Hitchcock published his 14340: 2810: 1655:, and the original arrangement, modified in the 1860s, was as a "preaching church" dominated by the pulpit, with a small altar and wooden galleries over the nave aisle. 562:, Czech Republic, represents a peculiar and creative synthesis of Baroque and Gothic. An example of another and less striking use of the Gothic style in the time is the 14944: 14517: 11369: 3150: 2788: 2966: 2712: 13990: 3843: 3769:

and other examples of hilariously 'outrageous' Victorian design. used to pause for a second or two, clear his throat and then continue with dogged determination."

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saw the introduction of Gothic Revival elements into its vernacular ecclesiastical and residential architecture. The largest project of the Slavine School is the

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Armstrong, Christopher Drew (June 2000). "Qui Transtulit Sustinet" – William Burges, Francis Kimball, and the Architecture of Hartford's Trinity College".

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is in the French Gothic style, and was the first Gothic design church built in ferro-concrete. The style also found favour in the southern New Zealand city of

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The most common use for Gothic Revival architecture was in the building of churches. Major examples of Gothic cathedrals in the U.S. include the cathedrals of

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at Westminster. However, Gothic architecture did not die out completely in the 16th century but instead lingered in on-going cathedral-building projects; at

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The arguments against modern construction materials began to collapse in the mid-19th century as great prefabricated structures such as the glass and iron

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taste and an early indicator of the later 20th century rehabilitation of Victorian architecture and the objects with which they decorated their buildings.

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in 1681, he noted; "I resolved it ought to be Gothic to agree with the Founder's work", adding that to do otherwise would lead to "an unhandsome medley".

12309: 2864: 371:, where some additions and repairs to Gothic buildings were considered to be more in keeping with the style of the original structures than contemporary 2065:(1823–1899) was among the country's most prolific architects; born and trained in England, after emigrating his most notable Australian designs include 14537: 11859: 11529: 5929: 4741: 3103: 2580: 1329:

Center Church, New Haven next to this radical new "Gothic-style" church. Its cornerstone was laid in 1814, and it was consecrated in 1816. It predates

3576:, he remarked; " whole time has been lately occupied in taking drawings from the one side of buildings, of which masons were knocking down the other". 12299: 10259: 6328: 2629: 11741: 10734: 3479: 2614: 157:

was generally condemned or ignored. The later 20th century saw a revival of interest, manifested in the United Kingdom by the establishment of the

8954: 3641:, the “most marvellous design that he ever made”, were described as “compelling rigid thirteenth century Gothic to fulfil the requirements of the 14333: 2925: 1550:. A major clash between the Gothic and Classical styles in relation to governmental offices occurred less than a decade after the publication of 1343: 1339: 426:

suggests that he succeeded "to the extent that innocent visitors never notice the difference". It was followed in 1697–1704 by the rebuilding of

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Martin, Desmond (2012). "Bishop Robert Gray and Mrs Sophia Gray: Building Anglican Churches in South Africa, 1848–72". In G. A. Bremner (ed.).

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of the late 17th and 18th centuries, where Baroque dominated, some architects used elements of the Gothic style. The most important example is

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imported the Gothic Revival style to his adopted country and designed Gothic Revival churches in both wood and stone, notably in the city of

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in 1840. Following this, Viollet le Duc set out to restore most of the symbolic buildings in France including Notre Dame de Paris, Vézelay,

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monarchy established an office in the Royal French Government of Inspector-General of Ancient Monuments, a post which was filled in 1833 by

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independently admired, mildly tongue-in-cheek, as "the true rust of the Barons' wars". The "Gothick" details of Walpole's Twickenham villa,

6376: 838:'s house in Arlington Street, London (1740s), and Gothic fretwork in chairbacks and glazing patterns of bookcases is a familiar feature of 7126: 2981: 1651:

put it: "probably the only church of its time in which the main roof was groined throughout in stone". Nonetheless, the parish was firmly

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still meant a connoisseur of antiquities, and who published his great work on architecture in French Normandy in 1830. The following year

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was begun in 1891 and completed in 1901 by Dutch architect Antonius Dijkmans; while further north in the islands of the Philippines, the

2184: 2113: 1772: 1547: 6081: 3011: 1791:. The flexibility and strength of cast-iron freed neo-Gothic designers to create new structural Gothic forms impossible in stone, as in 14326: 12653: 3078: 2070: 1670:

in 1837, with chapels, gates, and decorative features in the Gothic manner, attracting the interest of contemporary architects such as

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Gothic Revival also took on political connotations; with the "rational" and "radical" Neoclassical style being seen as associated with

8478: 6919: 2527: 882:. During these two periods, the vogue for medieval things led craftsmen to adopt Gothic decorative motifs in their work, such as bell 15040: 10821: 9175: 3572:

Ruskin also had an abhorrence of the contemporary "restorer" of Gothic buildings. Writing in the Preface to the first edition of his

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forms, demonstrating the restitution of the monarchy and claiming Ireland for the English crown. At the same time, the Great Hall of

193:" progressed, a reaction against machine production and the appearance of factories also grew. Proponents of the picturesque such as 9180: 3116: 2561: 2542: 14393: 10875: 10081: 6835: 6414: 5148: 2883: 2077:

in Sydney. In common with many other 19th century architects, Wardell could deploy different styles at the command of his clients;

7103: 3056: 15157: 8354: 7019: 5993: 5826: 5784: 4341: 4310: 4279: 4074: 4009: 3978: 1233: 17: 12824: 15137: 14418: 8984: 7846: 7152: 2931: 2794: 2648: 2094: 846:(1754, 1762), where, for example, the three-part bookcase employs Gothic details with Rococo profusion, on a symmetrical form. 773: 691: 10359: 2663: 2325:

Some architects persisted in using Neo-Gothic tracery as applied ornamentation to an iron skeleton underneath, for example in

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style, but some houses incorporated external features of the Scots baronial style. Robert Adam's houses in this style include

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character of ruins—"picturesque" becoming a new aesthetic quality—and those mellowing effects of time that the Japanese call

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its architects. The 1950s saw further signs of a recovery in the reputation of Revival architecture. John Steegman's study,

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Universities, and in the construction of churches in increasingly isolated rural districts of England, France, Germany, the

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Sir Walter Scott's novels popularised the Medieval period and their influence went well beyond architecture. The historian

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as a result of the Church Building Act of 1818. It is often said to be the first Gothic Revival church in London, and, as

1032:, who became the secretary of a new Commission des Monuments Historiques in 1837. This was the Commission that instructed 15080: 14605: 14408: 12342: 11819: 10446: 10170: 10075: 9455: 9191: 6359:"Collection: Index of architectural drawings of Yale University buildings by James Gamble Rogers | Archives at Yale" 3364: 12747: 7802: 14630: 14620: 13762: 11839: 11620: 11217: 10977: 10766: 10441: 8978: 7024: 5998: 5831: 4346: 4315: 4284: 4079: 4014: 3983: 3156: 1884: 1239: 341: 5196: 3198: 1447:, that were to remain both in print and the standard references for Gothic Revivalists for at least the next century. 85:

styles prevalent at the time. Gothic Revival draws upon features of medieval examples, including decorative patterns,

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Australia, in particular in Melbourne and Sydney, saw the construction of large numbers of Gothic Revival buildings.

2008: 765:. It went through numerous editions, was still being republished by 1881, and has been reissued in the 21st century. 12727: 3952: 1678:. The style was immediately hailed a success and universally replaced the previous preference for classical design. 628:(1717–1797). "The seminal house of the Gothic Revival in England", it established the "Strawberry Hill Gothic" style 15090: 15060: 14677: 11869: 11324: 10848: 10828: 10695: 10609: 10279: 10245: 10175: 10040: 9957: 9218: 8345:

An Address, Delivered in the City of New-Haven: At the Laying of the Corner-stone of Trinity Church, May 17th, 1814

8066: 3433: 2384: 1927:(1926) exhibited Gothic stylings both inside and out, while using modern technologies to make the building taller. 1644: 769: 733:

A younger generation, taking Gothic architecture more seriously, provided the readership for John Britton's series

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Aspirations for Excellence: Alexander Jackson Davis and the First Campus Plan for the University of Michigan, 1838

3714:, despite his sympathetic approach, recalled that during his Oxford years it was generally believed not only that 3555:

Pugin recorded his delight at the destruction of what he considered the wholly inadequate earlier restorations of

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as a baronial palace and its adoption as a royal retreat from 1855 to 1858 confirmed the popularity of the style.

1275:. The style was popular across Scotland and was applied to many relatively modest dwellings by architects such as 543:, recognized the "Gothic order" as one of the primary systems of architecture and made use of it in his practice. 15050: 14662: 14264: 12428: 11351: 11195: 10717: 7178: 3062: 2957: 2695: 2102: 2089:

in Melbourne has been described as "the Australian masterpiece of neo-Gothic". This claim has also been made for

1555: 1508: 1452:

Contrasts: or, a Parallel between the Noble Edifices of the Middle Ages, and similar Buildings of the Present Day

1424: 1250:

In Scotland, while a similar Gothic style to that used further south in England was adopted by figures including

785: 563: 363:

style. Similarly, Gothic architecture survived in some urban settings during the later 17th century, as shown in

12783: 12433: 12207: 8933: 3253: 2302:

masonry and tall, narrow windows. But, by the start of the 20th century, technological developments such as the

15000: 14385: 12523: 11953: 11930: 11599: 11574: 11285: 10945: 10903: 10729: 10655: 10474: 10397: 10071: 10014: 9972: 9445: 9335: 6057: 5095: 3017: 2394:

Though the number of new Gothic Revival buildings declined sharply after the 1930s, they continue to be built.

2199: 2074: 2007:, contributing to what has been described as New Zealand's "one memorable contribution to world architecture". 1355: 808: 725: 535:, the timbered medieval vaults of nave and choir were replaced by "Gothic" stone vaults in 1635 resp. 1738/39. 13787: 6524: 4464: 3922: 2105:

described as "arguably the most important group of Gothic and Tudor Revival style architecture in Australia".

15142: 15070: 15045: 14610: 14600: 14595: 14423: 14288: 14272: 14189: 13707: 12819: 12773: 11814: 11725: 11559: 11280: 10833: 10751: 10746: 10604: 10519: 10504: 10312: 6174: 4113: 3745:

was another early advocate of taking Victorian architecture seriously, and experienced similar challenges to

3525: 3137: 2722: 2514: 2376: 2287: 2251: 2235: 2004: 1857: 1775:

were erected, which appeared to embody Gothic principles. Between 1863 and 1872 Viollet-le-Duc published his

1221: 1025: 902: 867: 777: 679:

were prepared to provide Gothic details in drawing-rooms, libraries and chapels and, for William Beckford at

466:

between 1766 and 1768 has been described as "the first major example of the Gothic Revival style in Oxford".

246: 233:, which was reflected by the choice of styles for the rebuilt government centres of the British parliament's 6497: 5398: 4824: 15055: 15015: 14667: 14635: 13812: 13182: 11963: 11844: 11751: 11746: 11309: 11260: 11038: 10982: 10838: 10798: 10781: 10771: 10675: 10670: 10201: 9950: 9874: 9735: 9355: 8166: 7779: 7621: 3746: 3454: 2443: 2148: 2117: 1718:

France had lagged slightly in entering the neo-Gothic scene, but produced a major figure in the revival in

1636: 1479: 1330: 934: 847: 818: 423: 12259: 6336: 6196: 2387:

in New York (claimed to be the largest cathedral in the world), as well as Collegiate Gothic buildings at

97:. By the middle of the 19th century, Gothic Revival had become the pre-eminent architectural style in the 15065: 15030: 15020: 14640: 14060: 13875: 13717: 11978: 11849: 11539: 10940: 10808: 10665: 10402: 10307: 10145: 9977: 9940: 9923: 9350: 9320: 9300: 9051: 8071: 7521: 6600: 6445: 5248: 3754: 3724: 3492: 3402: 3084: 2447: 2391:. Cram said "the style hewn out and perfected by our ancestors become ours by uncontested inheritance". 2144: 2125: 2078: 1513: 1318: 1251: 1011: 977:, an important early French commission in Gothic taste, preceded mainly by some Gothic features in a few 528: 13995: 12324: 10225: 1317:

In the United States, the first "Gothic stile" church (as opposed to churches with Gothic elements) was

1146: 14753: 14682: 14625: 14542: 14484: 13697: 12926: 12438: 11579: 11339: 11319: 11304: 11295: 11270: 11094: 10918: 10898: 10853: 10816: 10761: 10650: 10645: 10347: 10342: 9928: 9330: 9310: 8405: 8002: 4596: 3257: 3047: 2586: 2188: 1943: 1849: 1303: 1288: 1225: 559: 463: 387: 14005: 12671: 12448: 10320: 8694:

An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of Architecture in England: From the Conquest to the Reformation

7422: 5424: 4592: 4557: 2870: 15085: 15035: 15025: 14738: 14461: 14456: 14244: 13644: 13595: 11895: 11834: 11314: 11230: 11152: 11135: 11099: 10955: 10791: 10724: 10539: 10514: 10499: 10020: 9918: 9295: 2935: 2418:, opened in 2016, matches the neo-Gothic style of the rest of the courtyard in which it is situated. 2044: 2012: 1869: 1821: 1659: 1182: 1166: 796: 451: 142: 82: 50: 13925: 13082: 12804: 8272: 7104:"Return of the Goths: the last Anglican cathedral is nearly finished. And built to last 1,000 years" 2179:. Although Gothic Revival was the predominant architectural style, alternatives were also deployed; 1053: 14645: 14512: 14143: 13965: 13855: 13845: 13782: 13548: 13233: 12294: 12024: 11864: 11255: 10573: 10451: 9730: 9377: 5446: 4552: 2395: 2050: 1956: 1920: 1691:

for a more plain appearance; or in some instances all three of these, as at the non-denominational

1640: 1611: 1606:

style appropriate for a parish church, and favoured a particular era of Gothic architecture – the "

1599: 1530: 1372: 974: 970: 953:

in France, built between 1499 and 1508, which later inspired neo-Gothic revival in the 19th century

695: 524: 352: 146: 13722: 13012: 6809: 6111: 1719: 1088: 1033: 986: 608: 15075: 15010: 14995: 14980: 14758: 14585: 14489: 14466: 13915: 13772: 13677: 13533: 12962: 12578: 11968: 11657: 11432: 11386: 11334: 11265: 11169: 11043: 10712: 10469: 10364: 10284: 10268: 9507: 9395: 8554: 8264: 4863: 3638: 3315: 3256:

and the Sèvres porcelain factory, manufactured in 1832, decorated in 1844, hard-paste porcelain,

3206: 2415: 2307: 2215: 2132: 2082: 2055: 1992: 1888: 1830: 1571: 1244:

The Canadian Parliament Buildings from the Ottawa River, including Gothic Revival library at rear

1091:

around 1900 saw a resurgence of church building across Lithuania, such as St John the Apostle in

1065: 1049: 835: 642: 321: 104:

The Gothic Revival movement's roots are intertwined with philosophical movements associated with

12788: 12488: 10325: 8834:. Architectural Heritage. Edinburgh: Journal of the Architectural Heritage Society of Scotland. 8637:

Ruskin and Viollet-Le-Duc: Englishness and Frenchness in the Appreciation of Gothic Architecture

6770: 6380: 3501:

were running simultaneously in London theatres, and nine separate operas were based on the work.

1643:

of 1820–1824, partly built using a grant of £8,333 towards its construction with money voted by

145:

had nevertheless peaked by the 1870s. New architectural movements, sometimes related, as in the

14985: 14723: 14703: 14504: 14254: 14209: 14204: 13900: 13792: 13692: 13203: 12977: 12916: 12533: 12304: 11854: 11756: 11524: 11210: 11130: 11053: 11033: 10970: 10599: 10389: 10337: 10302: 10160: 9933: 8079: 7740:

The Gothic Revival 1720–1870 – Literary Sources and Documents: Gothic and National Architecture

7138: 6957: 2987: 2601: 2548: 2427: 2211: 2152: 1648: 1629: 1299: 1068:, Paris, begun in 1846 and consecrated in 1857, the architect chosen was of German extraction, 990: 583: 13579: 13452: 13238: 13162: 13047: 12473: 7401: 6152: 4617: 2263: 1041: 909:

of 1851 is replete with Gothic detail, from lacemaking and carpet designs to heavy machinery.

15111: 15106: 14849: 14809: 14259: 14224: 14214: 14148: 13975: 13950: 13910: 13860: 13757: 13610: 13457: 13269: 13126: 13067: 12901: 12896: 12850: 12778: 12717: 12603: 12362: 12009: 11958: 11935: 11693: 11142: 11125: 11120: 10987: 10479: 10384: 10352: 10332: 10129: 9720: 9435: 9150: 8788: 8698: 8451: 7925: 7783: 7525: 7449: 6047: 5472: 4719: 3762: 3715: 3659: 2835: 2820: 2411: 2271: 2262:

saw a later flourishing of the Revival, particularly in church architecture, for example the

1924: 1877: 1667: 1619: 1535: 1523: 1483: 1462: 1436: 1405: 1342:(1827), which incorporated Gothic elements such as buttresses into the fabric of the church. 1268: 1186: 1170: 1162: 883: 660: 617: 497: 407: 329: 283: 262: 234: 177:

movement which sought to emphasise the continuity between the established church and the pre-

38: 12814: 12289: 12274: 8726:

The Literary Background of the Gothic Revival in Germany – A chapter in the history of taste

8293: 8042:

The Architecture of East Australia: An Architectural History in 432 Individual Presentations

6733:"The Viceregal Lodge (now the Institute of Advanced Studies), Shimla, India, by Henry Irwin" 6732: 14829: 14570: 14522: 14451: 14307: 13880: 13442: 13329: 13254: 12967: 12931: 12633: 12613: 12367: 12054: 11994: 11888: 11824: 11804: 11564: 11447: 11179: 11174: 11115: 11063: 10992: 10960: 10635: 10534: 10529: 10494: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10155: 9675: 9211: 8813:. The Victorian Church: Architecture and Society. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 7659: 6923: 6358: 3758: 3625:, describing it as nothing but "a greenhouse larger than ever greenhouse was built before". 2779: 2760: 2533: 2481: 2388: 2356: 2349:

on its upper floors. But, over the first half of the century, Neo-Gothic was supplanted by

2267: 2098: 1845: 1837: 1671: 1563: 1326: 1119: 1045: 1029: 962: 925: 762: 754: 591:

with historical figures were as strong in this early revival as purely aesthetic concerns.

520: 411: 372: 360: 337: 133: 13980: 13797: 13032: 12809: 12666: 12387: 12352: 10220: 8953:

Sundt, Richard A. (2017). Timothy Brittain-Catlin; Jan De Maeyer; Martin Bressani (eds.).

5498: 4882: 1861: 897:

By the mid-19th century, Gothic traceries and niches could be inexpensively re-created in

501: 8: 14773: 14733: 14615: 14590: 14580: 14375: 14239: 14098: 13802: 13687: 13528: 12911: 12906: 12742: 12483: 12418: 12034: 11493: 11452: 11359: 11184: 11147: 11017: 11002: 10908: 10786: 10685: 10614: 10551: 10524: 10484: 9945: 9897: 9745: 9567: 9275: 9249: 6771:"Henry Irwin and the Indo Saracenic Movement Reconsidered: The Lodge on Observatory Hill" 3730: 3002: 2908: 2756: 2567: 2372: 2368: 2360: 2342: 1908: 1788: 1727: 1692: 1625: 1376: 1140: 1104: 1069: 1016: 958: 874:

period (1830–1848), Gothic Revival motifs start to appear, together with revivals of the

860: 750: 317: 150: 78: 73: 46: 13890: 13406: 13223: 12763: 12701: 12548: 12377: 7068: 6471: 6422: 5572: 4775: 4530: 3663:

impossible for the architecture of the west to be suitable for the natives of the east".

2023:

of the 1860s allowed for substantial stone edifices to be constructed, using hard, dark

1622:

that affected most of the Anglican cathedrals and parish churches in England and Wales.

1037: 966: 795:

Gothic Revival architecture remained one of the most popular and long-lived of the many

599: 14728: 14713: 14575: 14564: 14295: 14015: 13777: 13767: 13652: 13543: 13437: 13279: 13228: 13141: 13037: 13007: 12997: 12845: 12643: 12332: 12224: 12165: 11943: 11381: 11007: 10950: 10568: 9835: 9815: 9810: 9770: 9589: 8751: 8424: 8227: 7951: 7134: 7111: 6254: 6020: 4135: 3622: 2330: 2295: 2040: 2000: 1988: 1873: 1768: 1432: 1380: 1264: 1229: 1198: 998: 950: 839: 634: 551: 482: 455: 419: 279: 13177: 13057: 12254: 8061: 7127:"Architectural plans unveiled for church and campus complex over the next two decades" 5788: 5027: 3495:

notes that, at one point in the mid-19th century, four different stage adaptations of

2314:

made this approach obsolete. Steel framing supplanted the non-ornamental functions of

1963:

and mass-produced wood moldings allowed a few of these structures to mimic the florid

1883:

The movement continued into the 20th century, with Cope & Stewardson's campus for

302: 14763: 14428: 14229: 14199: 14163: 14108: 14030: 13960: 13885: 13822: 13727: 13712: 13682: 13523: 13498: 13472: 13411: 13401: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 12952: 12921: 12865: 12860: 12676: 12661: 12583: 12468: 12413: 12337: 12249: 12202: 12105: 12095: 12059: 11925: 11809: 11667: 11519: 11488: 11226: 11203: 11164: 11157: 10965: 10705: 10690: 10619: 10563: 10107: 10102: 9962: 9913: 9845: 9715: 9710: 9430: 9425: 9315: 9285: 9280: 9130: 9115: 9076: 9057: 9038: 9028: 9009: 8988: 8960: 8939: 8920: 8910: 8893: 8883: 8864: 8854: 8835: 8814: 8792: 8765: 8755: 8729: 8710: 8692: 8677: 8658: 8641: 8619: 8597: 8587: 8568: 8558: 8530: 8513: 8503: 8484: 8465: 8455: 8430: 8409: 8381: 8360: 8328: 8309: 8280: 8250: 8231: 8205: 8186: 8176: 8152: 8135: 8125: 8104: 8087: 8046: 8027: 8006: 7980: 7959: 7939: 7929: 7904: 7894: 7856: 7850: 7832: 7808: 7787: 7754: 7744: 7725: 7715: 7696: 7686: 7665: 7644: 7625: 7579: 7562: 7552: 7531: 7509: 7499: 7482: 7463: 7453: 7428: 7407: 6117: 6053: 5125: 5073: 4206: 3330: 3310: 3305: 3122: 2473: 2319: 2299: 2231: 2227: 2180: 1841: 1812: 1784: 1683: 1539: 1202: 1190: 1150: 1100: 707: 459: 379: 333: 328:

in 1140 and ended with a last flourish in the early 16th century with buildings like

325: 291: 222: 207: 190: 158: 129: 14318: 13569: 13564: 13447: 12284: 12234: 8325:

The Two Unions: Ireland, Scotland, and the Survival of the United Kingdom, 1707–2007

7156: 3680:, a considerable rarity at a time when women were almost entirely excluded from the 1185:, was not actually built until the early 20th century, although it closely followed 1073: 997:

The French Gothic Revival was set on more sound intellectual footings by a pioneer,

945: 450:

were rebuilt by Edward and Thomas Woodward, the exterior in Gothic forms but with a

14909: 14804: 14708: 13835: 13732: 13657: 13574: 13538: 13416: 13391: 13386: 13087: 13077: 13072: 13062: 13052: 13027: 12957: 12880: 12855: 12423: 12372: 12269: 12110: 12100: 12083: 12044: 12039: 12014: 11534: 11437: 11412: 11275: 11084: 10700: 10097: 9992: 9987: 9795: 9725: 9522: 9450: 9420: 9400: 9372: 8907:

The Gothic Revival and American Church Architecture: An Episode in Taste, 1840–1856

8778: 8702: 8631: 8609: 7994: 7772: 7767: 7611: 7598: 7015: 6306: 6246: 5989: 5822: 4337: 4306: 4275: 4196: 4070: 4005: 3974: 3742: 3694: 3458: 3450: 3437: 3406: 3325: 3300: 3273: 2654: 2460: 2407: 2380: 1951: 1938: 1900: 1751: 1607: 1488: 1307: 1210: 1128: 1057: 910: 906: 851: 781: 758: 687: 399: 383: 310: 14010: 14000: 13218: 12992: 12829: 12493: 12171: 11225: 9755: 7871: 6577: 5951: 686:

Some of the earliest architectural examples of the revived are found in Scotland.

270:, and inspired a 19th-century genre of medieval poetry that stems from the pseudo- 225:

France), the more spiritual and traditional Gothic Revival became associated with

173:

in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries saw in England a reaction in the

14413: 14234: 14219: 14194: 14118: 14050: 14045: 14040: 13955: 13940: 13895: 13830: 13702: 13672: 13518: 13513: 13396: 13319: 13309: 13259: 13167: 13042: 12936: 12875: 12870: 12737: 12681: 12598: 12588: 12408: 12392: 12347: 12314: 12187: 12137: 12075: 12064: 11662: 11615: 11427: 11417: 10680: 10660: 9840: 9775: 9690: 9540: 9517: 9502: 9254: 9244: 9204: 9192:

Proyecto Documenta's entries for neo-Gothic elements at the Valparaíso's churches

9107:. Exhibition, 1979. The first French exhibition concerned with French Neo-Gothic. 9003: 8782: 8395: 8343: 8021: 7974: 7898: 7826: 7615: 4136:"Guarino Guarini : Italian architect, priest, mathematician, and theologian" 3847: 3766: 3761:; "His student audience used to roll about in helpless laughter at his slides of 3385: 2620: 2399: 2207: 2203: 2062: 2020: 1977: 1916: 1912: 1731: 1696: 1595: 1367: 1311: 1243: 1217:

was begun in 1876 and completed by 1887, creating the Neo-Gothic western façade.

979: 536: 238: 120: 13615: 12553: 11948: 11457: 11329: 5328: 3806: 1780: 1092: 586:

among influential connoisseurs created a more appreciative approach to selected

567: 14894: 14652: 14527: 14368: 14158: 14128: 14093: 14083: 14065: 13970: 13930: 13865: 13737: 13667: 13508: 13493: 13421: 13365: 13355: 13324: 13304: 13213: 13136: 13116: 13101: 13022: 12982: 12686: 12638: 12568: 12463: 12443: 12382: 12279: 12143: 12069: 11709: 11422: 11407: 11402: 11346: 10913: 10640: 10376: 9982: 9740: 9705: 9604: 9557: 9492: 9410: 9239: 9140: 8974: 7711:

The Gothic Revival 1720–1870 – Literary Sources and Documents: Blood and Ghosts

6861: 3953:"Northern Ireland – Historic Building Details HB17/15/022 A, Dromore Cathedral" 3698: 3634: 3470: 2893: 2669: 2635: 2383:

became a leading force in American Gothic, with his most ambitious project the

2239: 2223: 2164: 2136: 2090: 1892: 1675: 1587: 1428: 1420: 1413: 1400: 1272: 1255: 901:, and Gothic blind arcading could decorate a ceramic pitcher. Writing in 1857, 871: 738: 722:

even attempted to "improve" Gothic forms by giving them classical proportions.

715: 680: 656: 625: 547: 516: 486: 391: 267: 198: 194: 170: 113: 14173: 13742: 12768: 12732: 12543: 11788: 11688: 11478: 8897: 8868: 8488: 8221: 7943: 7467: 6284: 5174: 2639: 1333:, often said to be the first Gothic-revival church in London. Though built of 1136: 813: 15126: 14919: 14914: 14834: 14824: 14168: 14133: 14123: 14103: 14035: 13985: 13850: 13840: 13625: 13600: 13488: 13462: 13350: 13131: 13002: 12608: 12538: 12513: 12503: 12458: 12158: 11683: 11554: 11498: 10870: 10803: 10776: 10546: 10024: 9850: 9780: 9750: 9640: 9497: 9440: 9056:. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: Yale University Press. 9042: 8839: 8733: 8706: 8645: 8623: 8601: 8572: 8517: 8469: 8356:

Georgian Gothic: Medievalist Architecture, Furniture and Interiors, 1730–1840

8284: 8276: 8217: 8209: 8190: 8139: 8091: 7822: 7758: 7729: 7700: 7566: 7513: 7486: 5222: 4210: 3711: 3618: 3335: 3320: 2468: 2435: 2338: 2259: 2172: 1853: 1466: 1409: 1366:, was predominantly a 19th-century creation in the Gothic Revival style. The 929: 918: 719: 415: 271: 214: 154: 98: 90: 13360: 8924: 8811:

The Victorian kirk: Presbyterian architecture in nineteenth century Scotland

8769: 3388:, who also undertook the "Gothicisation" of his Warwickshire country house, 2874: 2488:, being magnificently restored. The Society's 50th anniversary publication, 1787:, Viollet's foremost English follower and translator, whose masterpiece was 1254:(1832–1898) in secular architecture it was marked by the re-adoption of the 14904: 14743: 14698: 14398: 14138: 14113: 14088: 14055: 14025: 13945: 13905: 13807: 13752: 13662: 13630: 13620: 13605: 13345: 13208: 13198: 13172: 13017: 12972: 12696: 12628: 12618: 12558: 12508: 12453: 12264: 12182: 12153: 12004: 11442: 11068: 11048: 10923: 10010: 9855: 9785: 9765: 9700: 9670: 9650: 9645: 9579: 9474: 9290: 8877: 8848: 8199: 8149:

A History of Scottish Architecture: from the Renaissance to the Present Day

7919: 7443: 5762: 5200: 3750: 3202: 2718: 2334: 2326: 2322:, providing wider open interiors with fewer columns interrupting the view. 2282: 2243: 2032: 2028: 1996: 1796: 1792: 1760: 1756: 1688: 1663: 1284: 1276: 855: 822: 718:, Ayrshire, remodelled by Adam from 1777. The eccentric landscape designer 711: 668: 443: 257: 230: 13503: 10237: 9022: 9013: 8879:

Gothic For The Steam Age: An Illustrated Biography of George Gilbert Scott

8829: 8635: 8613: 8581: 8548: 8497: 8445: 8375: 8170: 8121:

William Adam 1689–1748: A Life and Times of Scotland's Universal Architect

8119: 8031: 7738: 7709: 7680: 7546: 7476: 7046: 3524:, the first Christian king of a unified France, held significance for the 2242:, was consecrated in 1891 in the still Spanish colony. Church building in 1932: 917:

published in 1951, was an important contribution to the academic study of

14954: 14939: 14889: 14839: 14657: 14532: 14153: 14020: 13870: 13467: 13370: 13314: 13121: 12987: 12691: 12623: 12357: 12218: 12177: 12126: 11999: 11911: 11473: 11250: 11012: 10860: 10578: 10556: 10055: 10035: 9820: 9760: 9665: 9630: 9609: 9599: 9574: 9562: 9550: 9367: 9345: 9101:(Paris: Plon), 1996. The first French monograph on French Gothic Revival. 8806: 8745: 8741: 7478:

The Knight and the Umbrella: An Account of the Eglinton Tournament – 1839

7020:"Anglican Cathedral Church of Christ, Liverpool (Grade I) (1361681)" 4184: 3719: 3642: 3556: 3461:, has been described as "the earliest Gothick Revival castle in England". 3389: 3107: 2889: 2426:

By 1872, the Gothic Revival was mature enough in the United Kingdom that

2345:

in San Antonio, completed in 1929, is noted for the arrays of decorative

2303: 2168: 1969: 1896: 1800: 1723: 1712: 1583: 1503: 1384: 1322: 1280: 1260: 1072:, (1790–1853); the design was significantly modified by Gau's assistant, 1006: 891: 875: 703: 676: 672: 646: 579: 435: 287: 253: 186: 182: 178: 174: 109: 105: 8935:

Victorian Taste – A study of the Arts and Architecture from 1830 to 1870

3537:

Pugin subsequently recanted, writing in the second of his two lectures,

3283:, oak, nickel-plated brass and iron hardware, Metropolitan Museum of Art 667:

tastes of the time, and were fairly quickly followed by James Talbot at

359:, may be considered 'Gothic Survival', as it was completed in 1633 in a 221:(as evidenced by its use in the United States and to a lesser extent in 14929: 14884: 14768: 14446: 13274: 12593: 12573: 12563: 12212: 12049: 11829: 11549: 11514: 11483: 10880: 10865: 10030: 9584: 9512: 9362: 9305: 8544: 7641:

Temples of Grace: The Material Transformation of Connecticut's Churches

6395: 4280:"Strawberry Hill (St Mary's Training College) (Grade I) (1261987)" 3681: 3677: 3605:

Dictionnaire raisonné de l'architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle

3560: 3542: 2192: 1991:, born in Britain, trained in Birmingham, and subsequently resident in 1973: 1960: 1744: 1652: 1497: 621: 226: 218: 203: 94: 31: 9866: 9143:, 1948. "Viollet-le-Duc and the rational point of view", collected in 8586:. The Buildings of Scotland. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books. 6258: 4201: 4185:"Gothicized buildings and the role of symbols in Baroque architecture" 1220:

Eastern Europe also saw much Revival construction; in addition to the

1169:, a cathedral-scale design which drew inspiration from the neo-Gothic 1001:, who founded the Societé des Antiquaires de Normandie at a time when 671:, Wiltshire. By the 1770s, thoroughly neoclassical architects such as 474: 252:

In English literature, the architectural Gothic Revival and classical

14934: 14874: 14819: 14748: 14718: 13935: 13264: 13146: 12478: 12197: 11652: 11089: 10594: 10050: 10045: 9825: 9800: 9695: 9655: 9635: 9614: 9594: 9545: 9405: 9340: 9325: 8450:. Studies in Victorian Architecture and Design. Vol. 4. London: 7602: 7448:. Studies in Victorian Architecture and Design. Vol. 7. London: 6421:. Wapello County Conservation Board. 18 December 2009. Archived from 4966: 3210: 3160: 2350: 2315: 2255: 2176: 2140: 1865: 1707: 1591: 1559: 1506:

supplemented Pugin's ideas in his two influential theoretical works,

1334: 1206: 969:, produced fired enamel paintings on large panes of plate glass, for 898: 894:. This style was also known as "Cathedral style" ("À la catédrale"). 784:

One of the biggest churches in Gothic Revival style in Canada is the

699: 651: 403: 368: 306: 101:, only to begin to fall out of fashion in the 1880s and early 1890s. 5103: 4157: 3392:, over the course of 50 years in the later half of the 18th century. 1431:

in a Gothic taste suited to the setting. For the royal silversmiths

14799: 14560: 14075: 11299: 11245: 11058: 10997: 10930: 10150: 9830: 8101:

Gothic Revival in Europe and Britain: Sources, Influences and Ideas

6250: 5635: 5611: 4164:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization 3718:

was "the ugliest building in the world" but that its architect was

3585:

The rumour that Scott repurposed his Foreign Office design for the

3521: 2916: 2839: 2518: 2346: 2311: 2246:

was extensive, with little or no effort to adopt vernacular forms.

1359: 1194: 1181:, the largely unfinished building drawn in 1526 as the seat of the 1178: 826: 587: 496:

Throughout France in the 16th and 17th centuries, churches such as

447: 439: 395: 8147:

Glendenning, Miles; MacInnes, Ranald; MacKechnie, Aonghus (2002).

3933: 3753:

recalled a lecture given by Pevsner during the latter's tenure as

2003:

designed wooden churches in the Gothic Revival style, for example

1840:

was an early and important exponent, transforming the campuses of

1113:"The Politics of the German Gothic Revival: August Reichensperger" 446:, in 1729/30, the nave and aisles of the church of St Nicholas at 14854: 14814: 13747: 12498: 12089: 10935: 10182: 9805: 9660: 8480:

A description of the Coronation of the Kings and Queens of France

7352: 5599: 4421: 4409: 3676:

was that the majority of the churches were designed by his wife,

3497: 2912: 2703: 2673: 2446:

covered the subject of the Revival in an appreciative way in his

2403: 2298:, leading to tall, buttressed buildings with interior columns of 2219: 2024: 2016: 1099:

In Germany, there was a renewal of interest in the completion of

1064:. When France's first prominent neo-Gothic church was built, the 1061: 887: 512: 508: 490: 431: 5529: 5028:"Western architecture – From the 19th to the early 20th century" 4676: 3672:

An unusual feature of the church building programme overseen by

294:, the Gothic Revival also had a grounding in literary fashions. 14964: 14924: 14778: 12192: 9790: 9680: 6443: 4256: 4246: 4244: 3141: 2726: 2699: 2605: 2571: 2552: 2160: 2156: 2121: 1964: 1740: 1543: 1519: 1363: 1214: 1174: 1158: 1153:, finally completed in 1880 although construction began in 1248 1108: 879: 789: 664: 638: 532: 364: 275: 242: 86: 54: 11880: 8980:

The Church of Notre Dame in Montreal: An Architectural History

8653:

Poppeliers, John; Chambers, S. Allen; Schwartz, Nancy (1979).

7217: 5671: 5229:(in Dutch). Vlaams Instituut voor het Onroerend Erfgoed (VIOE) 4385: 4229: 3866: 3440:, is perhaps the earliest Gothic Revival structure in England. 2183:, the former Viceregal Lodge, has been variously described as 1395: 802: 14959: 14899: 14864: 14859: 14844: 14794: 14363: 9685: 9259: 8146: 7872:"An Oxford College and the Eighteenth-Century Gothic Revival" 7743:. Vol. 3. Robertsbridge, East Sussex: Helm Information. 7714:. Vol. 1. Robertsbridge, East Sussex: Helm Information. 5846: 5683: 5659: 5541: 5334: 4652: 3902: 3890: 3878: 3384:

The driver of the redecoration at University College was Sir

2855: 1817: 1302:(1864–1929) and in urban contexts, including the building of 1193:

design, and became the 'new' north wing of the City Hall. In

1132: 540: 356: 8909:. Baltimore, US and London: Johns Hopkins University Press. 7442:— (2019). Megan Aldrich; Alexandrina Buchanan (eds.). 7318: 7316: 7193: 6551:"Government Architect – John Campbell – Wellington Heritage" 6220: 6218: 4433: 4241: 3293: 1562:

saw the decision to award first place to a Gothic design by

683:

in Wiltshire, a complete romantic vision of a Gothic abbey.

14949: 14869: 12148: 9112:

Of Knights and Spires: Gothic Revival in France and Germany

8831:

Caledonia Gothica: Pugin and the Gothic Revival in Scotland

8247:

God's Architect: Pugin and the Building of Romantic Britain

4700: 4361: 4342:"Alfreds Hall, Cirencester Park (Grade II*) (1298719)" 3656:

An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and the British Raj

3600:

Dictionary of French Architecture from 11th to 16th Century

3214: 3088: 2294:

The Gothic style dictated the use of structural members in

1493: 1236:

display more prominent vernacular Gothic Revival features.

37:"Victorian Gothic" redirects here. Not to be confused with 8674:

600 New Churches: The Church Building Commission 1818–1856

8652: 6701: 6401: 5306: 5304: 5302: 4996: 4010:"Church of St Nicholas, Alcester (Grade I) (1200612)" 3749:

in conveying this message to a wider audience. The writer

3474:

recognised as a profession, with the establishment of the

286:

recast specifically modern themes in medieval settings of

153:, gained ground, and by the 1930s the architecture of the 10294: 9196: 8956:

Gothic Revival Worldwide: A.W.N. Pugin's Global Influence

8499:

An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and Britain's Raj

8172:

English Architecture Since The Regency: An Interpretation

7313: 6938: 6265: 6215: 5707: 5345: 5343: 4445: 4158:"Pilgrimage Church of St. John of Nepomuk at Zelená Hora" 2198:

Other examples in the east include the late 19th century

1602:

was forming. Its proponents believed that Gothic was the

829:

period from which the Gothic Revival drew its inspiration

30:"Neo-Gothic" redirects here. Not to be confused with the 9024:Славинските първомайстори (Master Builders from Slavine) 7340: 7328: 6653: 5743: 5399:"The creation of the Basilica – La Basilique Notre-Dame" 5275: 4843: 4640: 4373: 4311:"Lacock Abbey with Stable Yard (Grade I) (1283853)" 3539:

The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture

1456:

The True Principles of Pointed or Christian Architecture

7958:. Newton Abbot, Devon and London: David & Charles. 7924:. The Buildings of Scotland. New Haven, US and London: 7376: 7364: 7289: 7083: 6789: 6615: 6082:"Bridgeport's Gothic Ornament The Harral-Wheeler House" 5299: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4906: 4904: 4573: 4483: 1933:

Vernacular adaptations and the revival in the Antipodes

8787:. The Buildings of England. New Haven, US and London: 8615:

High Victorian Design: A Study of the Exhibits of 1851

7301: 7241: 7229: 6888: 6876: 6689: 6635:"University of Sydney receives state heritage listing" 6335:. Princeton University Graduate School. Archived from 5970: 5906: 5894: 5882: 5858: 5587: 5553: 5340: 5287: 5263: 5054: 4756: 4628: 4397: 4217: 4029: 3826: 3824: 3729:

The college was built to the designs of the architect

2206:

and designed by the Catholic missionary and architect

1306:

in Edinburgh (from the 1850s) as well as the National

14348: 7918:

Cruft, Kitty; Dunbar, John; Fawcett, Richard (2006).

7804:

China Gothic: The Bishop of Beijing and His Cathedral

7265: 7253: 6900: 6751: 6713: 6677: 6665: 5870: 5731: 5695: 5647: 5499:"Connaught Building National Historic Site of Canada" 4984: 4507: 4495: 2472:

parliaments. The same year saw the foundation of the

1554:. A public competition for the construction of a new 1232:

cathedral (1850–1853), though later churches such as

1213:, and so work on his polychrome design and panels of 7828:

The Gothic Revival: An Essay in the History of Taste

7643:. Hanover, US: New England University Publications. 5719: 5623: 5379: 5042: 4928: 4916: 4901: 4664: 3783: 2430:, an influential professor of design, could produce 1666:

pioneered the first cemetery in the Gothic style at

729:

Basilica of Sainte Clotilde Sanctuary, Paris, France

7493: 7277: 7205: 7014: 6197:"Architectural Archives: Weitzman School of Design" 5988: 5821: 5803: 5641: 5617: 5517: 5367: 5316: 5074:"Cologne Cathedral: History, Artworks, & Facts" 4688: 4336: 4305: 4274: 4069: 4004: 3973: 3821: 3401:This was Walpole's appraisal of the sham castle at 1682:those with ecumenical or nonconformist principles. 539:, a 17th-century Theatine monk active primarily in 382:, built in 1660/1661, immediately after the end of 9145:Heavenly Mansions and other essays on Architecture 9053:Gloucestershire 2: The Vale and the Forest of Dean 8850:Saving a Century: the Victorian Society, 1958–2008 8447:Ecclesiology Abroad: The British Empire and Beyond 7917: 7807:. Washington, US: University of Washington Press. 7771: 6922:. City of São Paulo Tourism Office. Archived from 6239:Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 5355: 5008: 4427: 4415: 4094: 1577: 7678: 7595:Late Completion of Cologne and St-Vitus Cathedral 7400:Aldrich, Megan Brewster; Atterbury, Paul (1995). 7069:"Ralph Adams Cram: American architect and writer" 6836:"Parishioners split on Cathedral AC installation" 6498:"Frederick de Jersey Clere – Wellington Heritage" 4883:"Memory and Modernity: Viollet-le-Duc at Vézelay" 4262: 4235: 1702: 1325:between 1812 and 1814, while he was building his 15124: 9163:Gothic Architecture in France, England and Italy 8269:Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 7399: 7179:"Prince of Wales opens the new Whittle Building" 7002:"The Guarding Gargoyles of Downtown San Antonio" 6807: 6113:The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art, Volume 1 5787:. The Courtauld Institute of Art. Archived from 5535: 3795: 2465:Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries 1824:: Burges's revised, three-quadrangle, masterplan 1662:was occurring at the same time as the movement; 937:' was minted for circulation from 1851 to 1887. 913:volume on the exhibits at the Great Exhibition, 714:in East Lothian, but it is most clearly seen at 149:, and sometimes in outright opposition, such as 81:, intending to complement or even supersede the 8776: 8165: 8078: 7682:Strawberry Hill: Horace Walpole's Gothic Castle 7498:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 7406:. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 7223: 6531:. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage 6452:. New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage 6230: 5425:"Parliament Buildings, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada" 4624:. Victoria and Albert Museum. 26 November 2012. 4049:"Vézelay et le gothique comme acte constructif" 3939: 3908: 3896: 3884: 1542:, and was reputed to have designed some of the 1340:Christ Church Cathedral (Hartford, Connecticut) 1310:at Stirling (1859–1869). The reconstruction of 7972: 6245:(2). University of California Press: 194–215. 5677: 4799:"History of Garden Art – Jardin Anglo-Chinois" 1755:Cast-iron Gothic tracery supports a bridge by 1570:, who successfully demanded a building in the 1076:, in the later stages, to produce the pair of 957:French neo-Gothic had its roots in the French 940: 14334: 11896: 11211: 10253: 9882: 9212: 8938:. Cambridge: Nelson's University Paperbacks. 7765: 7736: 7707: 7661:French Furniture: From Louis XIII to Art Deco 7609: 7101: 5958:. Oxford University Museum of Natural History 5852: 5689: 5665: 5605: 5547: 5223:"Stadhuis met voormalige Lakenhal (ID: 3717)" 4465:"Batty Langley, gardener and prolific writer" 4367: 4250: 3927:Wars & Conflict: The Plantation of Ulster 2238:, designed by architects Genaro Palacios and 2124:, India. A mixture of Romanesque, Gothic and 1876:acting as local, supervising, architect, and 1864:style. Lavish illustrations were produced by 1473: 1321:, New Haven, Connecticut. It was designed by 582:, an increased interest and awareness of the 189:concerns with survivals and curiosities. As " 8959:. Leuven, Belgium: Leuven University Press. 8723: 7548:The National Trust Book of English Furniture 6379:. Carnegie Mellon University. Archived from 6109: 6052:. University of Michigan Press. p. 49. 5199:(in Dutch). City of Mechelen. Archived from 3872: 2943: 2476:in England and, in 1963, the publication of 1983: 10267: 9105:"Le Gothique retrouvé" avant Viollet-le-Duc 9049: 7900:William Burges and the High Victorian Dream 7494:Atterbury, Paul; Wainwright, Clive (1994). 6175:"Princeton University's Gothic Love Affair" 5335:Glendenning, MacInnes & MacKechnie 2002 4391: 4075:"Arbury Hall (Grade !) (1185222)" 3955:. Department of Communities - NI Government 1773:Oxford University Museum of Natural History 1548:Oxford University Museum of Natural History 1518:(1853). Finding his architectural ideal in 1362:, which was designed in 1824. The capital, 803:Gothic Revival in the other decorative arts 14341: 14327: 11903: 11889: 11218: 11204: 10260: 10246: 9889: 9875: 9219: 9205: 9073:The Changing Scottish Landscape, 1500–1800 9070: 9005:Nineteenth Century Architecture in Britain 8550:Stones of Empire: The Buildings of the Raj 7679:Chalcraft, Anna; Viscardi, Judith (2007). 7474: 6377:"Charles Z. Klauder Architecture Archives" 5573:"Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812–52)" 4658: 4524: 4522: 4451: 3436:estate between 1721 and 1732 in homage to 2776:Templo Expiatorio del Santísimo Sacramento 2363:, whose construction ran from 1903 to 1978 2277: 2226:. In Indonesia, (the former colony of the 2147:or Hindu-Gothic. Notable examples include 1390: 737:, which began appearing in 1807. In 1817, 735:Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain 556:Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk 479:Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk 313:1681–1682, to match the Tudor surroundings 9181:Canada by Design: Parliament Hill, Ottawa 9020: 8579: 8527:Viollet-le-Duc: The French Gothic Revival 8401:The Past is a Foreign Country – Revisited 8394: 8352: 8263: 8151:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 8084:A Concise History of Western Architecture 8045:. Felbach, Germany: Edition Axel Menges. 7664:. Boston, US: Little, Brown and Company. 7346: 7334: 7322: 6833: 6659: 6271: 6236: 6145:"Collegiate Gothic – Cope and Stewardson" 6110:Marter, Joan M.; Regain, Melissa (2011). 6045: 5310: 5269: 4849: 4646: 4579: 4528: 4439: 4200: 3979:"Lambeth Palace (Grade I) (1116399)" 3844:"The Castle of Otranto: Collection items" 3520:The choice of the canonized wife of King 3294:Sub-varieties of the Gothic Revival style 10082:Gothic secular and domestic architecture 8931: 8422: 8038: 8019: 7993: 7973:Dixon, Roger; Muthesius, Stefan (1993). 7657: 7520: 7358: 7307: 7235: 7199: 7108:Gabion: Retained Writing on Architecture 7089: 6808:Meksophawannakul, Sarot (8 March 2020). 6621: 6402:Poppeliers, Chambers & Schwartz 1979 6116:. Oxford University Press. p. 362. 6046:Truettner, Julia M. (31 December 2002). 5827:"Abney Park Cemetery, Hackney (1000789)" 5749: 5227:De Inventaris van het Bouwkundig Erfgoed 4762: 4682: 4634: 4489: 4035: 3693:In his speech in 1976, on receiving the 2355: 2290:began in 1907 and was completed in 1990. 2281: 2112: 2049: 1976:used for the background of his painting 1942: 1816: 1750: 1706: 1624: 1487: 1399: 1238: 1209:next to it. This competition was won by 1145: 1082: 985: 944: 812: 724: 473: 301: 119: 45: 9896: 9129:(New York: Viking Press, 1972, ©1971). 8904: 8690: 8630: 8608: 8495: 8322: 8216: 8117: 8098: 7638: 7592: 7573: 7441: 7420: 7370: 7295: 7155:. HDB/Cram and Ferguson. Archived from 6757: 6525:"University of Otago building, Dunedin" 5976: 5912: 5900: 5864: 5737: 5473:"Royal Canadian Mint Historical Plaque" 5385: 5349: 5293: 5167: 5060: 5048: 4825:"Collections of the Musée de Normandie" 4778:. Chapelle Royale a Dreux Official Site 4734:"Queen Victoria: The Gothic Crown 1847" 4706: 4519: 4513: 4501: 4403: 4379: 4223: 4150: 1371:Revival architecture in Ottawa are the 1139:(with a 161-meter tower from 1890) and 454:interior. At the same time, 1722–1746, 297: 14: 15125: 9071:Whyte, Ian; Whyte, Kathleen A (1991). 9027:(in Bulgarian). София: Арх & Арт. 9001: 8740: 8724:Robson Scott, William Douglas (1965). 8657:. Washington: The Preservation Press. 8543: 8524: 8443: 8373: 8341: 8291: 8059: 7403:A.W.N. Pugin: Master of Gothic Revival 7259: 7247: 7124: 6894: 6882: 6719: 6707: 6695: 6683: 6671: 6307:"Maginnis, Charles Donagh (1867–1955)" 5928:. University of Oregon. Archived from 5888: 5876: 5653: 5523: 5453:. Register of Canada's Historic Places 5373: 5361: 5102:. Infozentrum Domplatz. Archived from 4990: 4939: 4922: 4910: 4861: 4776:"History of the Chapel Royal at Dreux" 4128: 3920: 2171:, an attempt was made to recreate the 1947:Church of St Avila, Bodega, California 573: 500:(1532–1640, façade 1754) in Paris and 438:, whereas the burnt church had been a 347: 57:(Belgium), built between 1899 and 1908 14322: 14250:Romanticism and the French Revolution 11884: 11199: 10241: 9870: 9200: 9159:Byzantine and Romanesque Architecture 8973: 8952: 8875: 8846: 8827: 8805: 8476: 8197: 7893: 7845: 7821: 7800: 7544: 7382: 7283: 7271: 7211: 6944: 6906: 6795: 6444:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. 6309:. Boston College University Libraries 6224: 5809: 5713: 5701: 5281: 5215: 5189: 5014: 5002: 4694: 4670: 3830: 3176:Government College University, Lahore 3104:Basilica of the Sacred Heart of Jesus 2151:(formerly Victoria Terminus) and the 2087:English, Scottish and Australian Bank 2037:University of Otago Registry Building 2019:, where the wealth brought in by the 1905:Princeton University Graduate College 1461:Pugin's most notable project was the 1352:Gothic Revival architecture in Canada 1167:Saint Peter's and Saint Paul's Church 1157:In Belgium, a 15th-century church in 1089:construction of new Catholic churches 469: 10208: 9050:Verey, David; Brooks, Alan (2002) . 8671: 8303: 8244: 8124:. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing. 7950: 6287:. Washington University in St. Louis 5994:"The Mansion, Woodchester (1340703)" 5765:. St Luke's Parochial Church Council 5763:"St Luke's Church – A Brief History" 5725: 5629: 5593: 5559: 5322: 4182: 3789: 1919:'s Gothic Revival skyscraper on the 1806: 1234:Saint George's Church, Gavril Genovo 578:During the mid-18th century rise of 11233:in architecture and decorative arts 10076:List of Gothic cathedrals in Europe 8380:. Mumbai, India: India Book House. 8327:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 7869: 7639:Buggeln, Gretchen Townsend (2003). 7597:(M.Arch). University of Edinburgh. 7530:. Los Angeles: Getty Publications. 7153:"St. John Vianney Fishers, Indiana" 6079: 5146: 4796: 4585: 4189:Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 4100: 3365:List of Gothic Revival architecture 2871:Cathedral of São Pedro de Alcântara 2264:Metropolitan Cathedral of São Paulo 2202:, constructed on the orders of the 2027:stone and a local white limestone, 1205:'s original structure and the fine 24: 9091: 8204:(in Romanian). Bucharest: Cerces. 7125:Mooney, Caroline (27 April 2008). 7025:National Heritage List for England 6575: 5999:National Heritage List for England 5832:National Heritage List for England 4880: 4545: 4347:National Heritage List for England 4316:National Heritage List for England 4285:National Heritage List for England 4080:National Heritage List for England 4015:National Heritage List for England 3984:National Heritage List for England 3183: 1911:' reconstruction of the campus of 1885:Washington University in St. Louis 1566:overturned by the Prime Minister, 1036:to report on the condition of the 863:of 1839, remains the most famous. 637:(including philosopher and writer 25: 15169: 14350:Architecture of the United States 9169: 7445:Thomas Rickman and the Victorians 6598: 5926:"The Crystal Palace of Hyde Park" 4953:"Historique du Château -Anglais-" 3921:Hunter, Bob (18 September 2014). 2973:St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne 2067:St Patrick's Cathedral, Melbourne 2009:St Mary of the Angels, Wellington 1396:Pugin and "truth" in architecture 414:, consciously set out to imitate 394:, that had been despoiled by the 126:Cathedral of St. John the Baptist 14303: 14302: 10219: 10207: 10196: 10195: 9176:Basilique Sainte-Clotilde, Paris 8697:. London: J. H. Parker. p. 8359:. London: Boydell & Brewer. 8067:Dictionary of Canadian Biography 7171: 7145: 7118: 7095: 7061: 7039: 7008: 6994: 6972: 6950: 6912: 6850: 6827: 6801: 6763: 6725: 6627: 6592: 6569: 6543: 6522: 6516: 6490: 6464: 6437: 6407: 6369: 6351: 6321: 6299: 6277: 6189: 6167: 6137: 6103: 6073: 6039: 6013: 5982: 5944: 5918: 5815: 5777: 5755: 5565: 5491: 5465: 5439: 5417: 5391: 4740:. The Royal Mint. Archived from 4428:Cruft, Dunbar & Fawcett 2006 4416:Cruft, Dunbar & Fawcett 2006 3736: 3705: 3687: 3666: 3654:Thomas R. Metcalf, in his study 3648: 3628: 3611: 3592: 3579: 3566: 3549: 3531: 3265: 3245: 3222: 3197:Cup and saucer, produced by the 3190: 3168: 3149: 3130: 3115: 3096: 3077: 3055: 3040: 3025: 3010: 2995: 2980: 2965: 2950: 2924: 2901: 2882: 2863: 2847: 2828: 2809: 2802: 2787: 2768: 2749: 2734: 2711: 2688: 2681: 2662: 2647: 2628: 2613: 2594: 2579: 2560: 2541: 2526: 2507: 2385:Cathedral of St. John the Divine 2108: 1771:and the glazed courtyard of the 1441:Specimens of Gothic Architecture 1354:. The first major structure was 1183:Great Council of The Netherlands 924:In 1847, eight thousand British 780:on Mount St. Alban in northwest 690:, constructed from 1746 for the 607: 598: 418:architectural style. Writing to 14663:Sarasota School of Architecture 11910: 9187:Books, Research and Information 8985:McGill–Queen's University Press 8747:The Seven Lamps Of Architecture 8618:. London: Architectural Press. 8429:. Glasgow and London: Blackie. 8374:London, Christopher W. (2002). 8086:. London: Thames & Hudson. 7999:A History Of The Gothic Revival 7870:Cox, Oliver (8 November 2012). 7685:. London: Frances Lincoln Ltd. 7102:Pearman, Hugh (13 March 2005). 7049:. Washington National Cathedral 6834:Setiawati, Indah (6 May 2013). 6446:"Mountfort, Benjamin Woolfield" 6091:. Smithsonian Institution Press 5642:Atterbury & Wainwright 1994 5618:Atterbury & Wainwright 1994 5241: 5140: 5118: 5088: 5066: 5020: 4967:"Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay" 4959: 4945: 4874: 4855: 4817: 4790: 4768: 4726: 4712: 4610: 4457: 4330: 4299: 4268: 4183:Nagy, Gergely Domonkos (2013). 4176: 4106: 4063: 4041: 3998: 3967: 3945: 3574:The Seven Lamps of Architecture 3514: 3504: 3485: 3476:Institute of British Architects 3464: 3443: 3422: 3412: 3395: 3378: 3138:Basílica Menor de San Sebastián 3063:Sacred Heart Cathedral, Bendigo 2958:University of Sydney Quadrangle 2696:Basilica of Our Lady Immaculate 2432:A History of the Gothic Revival 2421: 1658:The development of the private 1578:Ecclesiology and funerary style 1509:The Seven Lamps of Architecture 1445:Examples of Gothic Architecture 786:Basilica of Our Lady Immaculate 663:begun in 1749, appealed to the 564:Basilica of Our Lady of Hungary 15158:Victorian architectural styles 10072:Gothic cathedrals and churches 10015:List of Brick Gothic buildings 9183:at Library and Archives Canada 8342:Jarvis, Samuel Farmar (1814). 7708:Charlesworth, Michael (2002). 7110:. Hugh Pearman. Archived from 6415:"American Gothic House Center" 5030:. Encyclopedia Britannica. n.d 4862:Barnes, Julian (7 July 2007). 4138:. Encyclopedia Britannica. n.d 3914: 3836: 3803:"Pugin and the Gothic Revival" 3033:St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne 2960:, Sydney, Australia: 1854–1862 2200:Church of the Saviour, Beijing 1795:'s cast-iron Gothic bridge in 1703:Viollet-le-Duc and Iron Gothic 1135:completed from 1869 to 1872), 1052:on its peaked coastal island, 809:Gothic Revival decorative arts 797:revival styles of architecture 749:. The categories he used were 342:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 13: 1: 15138:American architectural styles 14788:Building types and vernacular 14273:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 10520:Anatolian Seljuk architecture 9161:(1913), and the three-volume 8853:. London: Victorian Society. 8640:. London: Thames and Hudson. 8502:. London: Faber & Faber. 8167:Goodhart-Rendel, Harry Stuart 7979:. London: Thames and Hudson. 6982:. Chicago Architecture Center 6555:wellingtoncityheritage.org.nz 6502:wellingtoncityheritage.org.nz 6021:"Gothic Bridge (94th street)" 5096:"About St. Peter's Cathedral" 4889:. Penn State University Press 4593:"Style Guide: Gothic Revival" 4263:Chalcraft & Viscardi 2007 4236:Chalcraft & Viscardi 2007 3776: 3277: 3236:, gilt and patinated bronze, 3230: 3229:Clock, unknown French maker, 2932:Church of Our Lady of Lourdes 2817:Basilica of Our Lady of Luján 2723:Canadian Parliament Buildings 2515:Hungarian Parliament Building 2377:Washington National Cathedral 2288:Washington National Cathedral 1777:Entretiens sur l'architecture 1660:major metropolitan cemeteries 1292: 1246:, built between 1859 and 1876 1222:Hungarian Parliament Building 1015:appeared, in which the great 868:Bourbon Restoration in France 825:whose novels popularised the 778:Washington National Cathedral 442:with timbered roofs. Also in 247:Hungarian Parliament Building 15153:Revival architectural styles 15148:British architectural styles 9736:List of gothic fiction works 8676:. Reading, UK: Spire Books. 8426:The Gothic Revival 1745–1845 7782:. New Haven, US and London: 6478:. New Zealand history online 6203:. University of Pennsylvania 5536:Aldrich & Atterbury 1995 5479:. Ontario's Historic Plaques 4971:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 4531:"Gothic Revival (1750–1900)" 4469:www.twickenham-museum.org.uk 4162:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 3747:Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel 3637:'s unexecuted plans for the 3371: 3254:Alexandre-Évariste Fragonard 2676:, The Netherlands: 1892–1907 2589:, London, England: 1863–1868 2444:Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel 2440:The Gothic Revival. An Essay 2149:Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus 2118:Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus 2085:. His banking house for the 1858:Trinity College, Connecticut 1695:in east London, designed by 1594:ideology in the form of the 1586:was undergoing a revival of 1546:decorations for that pair's 1480:Venetian Gothic architecture 1165:funded its replacement, the 1087:The lifting of a ban on the 1009:'s historical romance novel 967:Sèvres porcelain manufactory 959:medieval Gothic architecture 428:Collegiate Church of St Mary 206:and were being destroyed by 7: 15133:Gothic Revival architecture 10146:Building a Gothic cathedral 10113:Gothic Revival architecture 9416:Gothic revival architecture 9021:Tuleshkov, Nikolaĭ (2007). 8905:Stanton, Phoebe B. (1997). 8728:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 8496:Metcalf, Thomas R. (1989). 8292:Hobart, John Henry (1816). 8072:University of Toronto Press 7903:. London: Frances Lincoln. 6151:. Bryn Mawr. Archived from 5952:"The Museum's architecture" 5251:. Il Grande Museo del Duomo 5175:"Sint-Petrus-en-Pauluskerk" 4051:(in French). Universalis.fr 3940:Sherwood & Pevsner 2002 3755:Slade Professor of Fine Art 3457:who also undertook work at 3403:Hagley Park, Worcestershire 3288: 3018:St Mary's Cathedral, Sydney 2333:skyscraper in New York and 2079:Government House, Melbourne 1443:, and the following three, 1350:There are many examples of 1344:St. Paul's Episcopal Church 1319:Trinity Church on the Green 1252:Frederick Thomas Pilkington 1024:appeared, the new restored 1012:The Hunchback of Notre-Dame 941:Romanticism and nationalism 645:), began to appreciate the 10: 15174: 14754:New Classical architecture 14386:Colonial and post-colonial 14190:Coleridge's theory of life 9226: 9155:Modern Gothic Architecture 9110:Hunter-Stiebel, Penelope, 8525:Midant, Jean-Paul (2002). 8406:Cambridge University Press 8306:Britain's Medieval Castles 8201:Stiluri în arta decorativă 8103:. London: Lund Humphries. 8060:Fulton, Gordon W. (2005). 8003:Cambridge University Press 7801:Clark, Anthony E. (2019). 7392: 6601:"Golden era of neo-Gothic" 6329:"Graduate College History" 6080:Golovin, Anne Castrodale. 5678:Dixon & Muthesius 1993 5447:"Victoria Memorial Museum" 5177:(in Dutch). City of Ostend 4722:. Baldwins. 19 March 2019. 4597:Victoria and Albert Museum 4595:. London, United Kingdom: 3658:, records a debate at the 3617:Ruskin was unimpressed by 3258:Metropolitan Museum of Art 2797:, New York, USA: 1858–1879 2587:St Pancras railway station 2495: 2410:. The Whittle Building at 2005:Old St. Paul's, Wellington 1936: 1850:University of Pennsylvania 1810: 1783:in Spain and, in England, 1477: 1474:Ruskin and Venetian Gothic 1439:, the first two entitled, 1226:Bulgarian National Revival 1177:and Cologne Cathedral. In 1161:burned down in 1896. King 1066:Basilica of Saint-Clotilde 806: 185:", which had its roots in 36: 34:contemporary art movement. 29: 15099: 14973: 14787: 14691: 14551: 14503: 14477: 14439: 14384: 14356: 14282: 14245:Romanticism and economics 14182: 14074: 13821: 13643: 13588: 13557: 13481: 13430: 13379: 13338: 13247: 13191: 13155: 13109: 13100: 12945: 12889: 12838: 12797: 12756: 12710: 12652: 12522: 12401: 12323: 12260:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 12242: 12233: 12119: 11987: 11918: 11797: 11781: 11765: 11734: 11718: 11702: 11676: 11645: 11629: 11608: 11592: 11507: 11466: 11395: 11238: 11108: 11077: 11026: 10891: 10628: 10587: 10462: 10375: 10293: 10275: 10191: 10138: 10090: 10064: 10021:Early Gothic architecture 10003: 9904: 9623: 9531: 9483: 9388: 9268: 9232: 9002:Turnor, Reginald (1950). 8809:(1995). C. Brooks (ed.). 8580:McWilliam, Colin (1978). 8353:Lindfield, Peter (2016). 8223:Nikolaus Pevsner The Life 8026:. London: Jonathan Cape. 7852:The Palace of Westminster 7658:Chadenet, Sylvie (2001). 7624:. Yale University Press. 7578:. London: Profile Books. 7481:. London: Geoffrey Bles. 7427:. London: Phaidon Press. 7181:. John Simpson Architects 7071:. Encyclopedia Britannica 7004:. USA News. 5 April 2020. 6557:. Wellington City Council 6504:. Wellington City Council 5690:Cherry & Pevsner 2002 5427:. Encyclopedia Britannica 5403:www.basiliquenotredame.ca 5126:"Ulm Minster (Ulm, 1890)" 5076:. Encyclopedia Britannica 4251:Brooks & Pevsner 2007 3480:Architectural Association 3347: 3238:Museum of Decorative Arts 3050:, New Zealand: 1882–1885 2944:Australia and New Zealand 2500: 2185:Scottish Baronial Revival 2159:. At the hill station of 2013:Frederick de Jersey Clere 1984:New Zealand and Australia 1822:Trinity College, Hartford 1684:Alexander "Greek" Thomson 1637:St Luke's Church, Chelsea 1408:(1840–1876), designed by 1331:St Luke's Church, Chelsea 1080:that crown the west end. 1017:Gothic cathedral of Paris 776:in New York City and the 694:, with design input from 523:(completed 1658) for the 458:added the west towers to 51:Sint-Petrus-en-Pauluskerk 14673:Spanish Colonial Revival 14513:Richardsonian Romanesque 12025:German historical school 11865:Richardsonian Romanesque 11467:Germany, Austria-Hungary 11377:Spanish Colonial Revival 9731:List of gothic festivals 9421:Carpenter / Rural Gothic 8707:10.1017/CBO9781107338241 8691:Rickman, Thomas (1848). 8423:Macaulay, James (1975). 8265:Hitchcock, Henry-Russell 8020:Ferriday, Peter (1963). 7855:. London: Burton Skira. 7780:The Buildings of England 7622:The Buildings of England 7545:Beard, Geoffrey (1985). 7475:Anstruther, Ian (1963). 6958:"The Woolworth Building" 6860:. UNESCO. Archived from 6333:gradschool.princeton.edu 6285:"History and Traditions" 4720:"Victoria: Gothic Crown" 4685:, pp. 116–117, 138. 3428:Alfred's Hall, built by 3405:designed by his friend, 3199:Sèvres porcelain factory 3144:, Philippines: 1888–1891 3005:, New Zealand: 1865–1867 2990:, New Zealand: 1864–1904 2744:, El Salvador: 1906–1913 2486:St Pancras Station Hotel 2396:St Edmundsbury Cathedral 2266:in Brazil by the German 2175:in the foothills of the 1957:light-frame construction 1921:University of Pittsburgh 1612:Cambridge Camden Society 1600:ecclesiological movement 1373:Victoria Memorial Museum 993:completed in 1857, Paris 991:Sainte-Clotilde Basilica 975:Chapelle royale de Dreux 529:St. Salvator's Cathedral 525:Basilica of San Petronio 237:in London, the Canadian 164: 147:Arts and Crafts movement 12672:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 11773:Serbo-Byzantine Revival 11735:Russian Empire and USSR 11658:National Romantic style 11584:Black-and-white Revival 10285:History of construction 10269:History of architecture 9508:Southern Ontario Gothic 8932:Steegman, John (1970). 8882:. London: Aurum Press. 8555:Oxford University Press 8529:. Paris: L'Aventurine. 8477:Menin, Nicolas (1775). 8323:Jackson, Alvin (2011). 8245:Hill, Rosemary (2007). 8099:Germann, Georg (1972). 8080:Furneaux Jordan, Robert 8039:Finnerty, Anne (2001). 7995:Eastlake, Charles Locke 7831:. London: John Murray. 7593:Brichta, Tomas (2014). 7574:Bradley, Simon (2007). 7496:Pugin: A Gothic Passion 7421:Aldrich, Megan (2005). 6089:Smithsonian Institution 5785:"West Norwood Cemetery" 4829:mondes-normands.caen.fr 4558:Encyclopædia Britannica 4392:Verey & Brooks 2002 4114:"Église Saint-Eustache" 3923:"Londonderry Cathedral" 3639:Sir J. J. School of Art 3453:in Gloucestershire, by 3341:Black-and-White Revival 3316:National Romantic Style 3207:Cleveland Museum of Art 3091:, Azerbaijan: 1896–1899 3070: 3048:Otago Boys' High School 2890:Castle of Fiscal Island 2795:St. Patrick's Cathedral 2416:University of Cambridge 2308:incandescent light bulb 2278:20th and 21st centuries 2216:Bang Pa-In Royal Palace 2133:Henry-Russell Hitchcock 2056:Wellington, New Zealand 1993:Canterbury, New Zealand 1959:. The invention of the 1889:Charles Donagh Maginnis 1852:in the 1890s. In 1872, 1831:Alexander Jackson Davis 1391:Gothic as a moral force 1379:, (1905–1908), and the 1143:in Prague (1844–1929). 1050:Mont-Saint-Michel Abbey 854:, rebuilt from 1816 by 643:Karl Friedrich Schinkel 330:Henry VII's Chapel 322:Basilica of Saint Denis 18:Neo-Gothic architecture 14606:Dutch Colonial Revival 14255:Romanticism in science 14210:Middle Ages in history 14205:List of Romantic poets 12917:Josiah Gilbert Holland 11855:Polish cathedral style 11820:Dutch Colonial Revival 11540:Indo-Saracenic Revival 10280:Architectural timeline 10161:Medieval stained glass 8273:Pelican History of Art 8249:. London: Allen Lane. 8118:Gifford, John (1989). 8023:Victorian Architecture 7976:Victorian Architecture 7956:Victorian Architecture 6960:. Cass Gilbert Society 6858:"San Sebastian Church" 5477:www.ontarioplaques.com 4797:Gothein, Marie-Luise. 4533:. Ontario Architecture 4452:Whyte & Whyte 1991 4116:. Paris tourist office 3598:In the Preface to his 3449:The little-researched 3157:Sacred Heart Cathedral 3125:, Indonesia: 1891–1901 3065:, Australia: 1895–1901 3035:, Australia: 1880–1891 3020:, Australia: 1868–1928 2988:ChristChurch Cathedral 2975:, Australia: 1858–1939 2854:Capilla Cristo Pobre, 2823:, Argentina: 1890–1935 2742:Cathedral of Santa Ana 2478:Victorian Architecture 2469:Pelican History of Art 2455:(re-issued in 1970 as 2428:Charles Locke Eastlake 2364: 2291: 2212:Wat Niwet Thammaprawat 2153:Taj Mahal Palace Hotel 2129: 2058: 1948: 1825: 1764: 1715: 1649:Charles Locke Eastlake 1633: 1630:Exeter College, Oxford 1614:, through its journal 1500: 1437:architectural drawings 1433:Rundell Bridge and Co. 1416: 1383:, (1913–1916), all by 1300:Robert Stodart Lorimer 1247: 1154: 1096: 994: 954: 830: 730: 493: 314: 260:genre, beginning with 137: 108:and a re-awakening of 74:architectural movement 58: 27:Architectural movement 14850:Hall and parlor house 14810:Central-passage house 14631:Mediterranean Revival 14357:Native and indigenous 14225:Romantic epistemology 14215:Opium and Romanticism 12784:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 12010:Counter-Enlightenment 11840:Mediterranean Revival 11694:Soft Portuguese style 11637:Traditionalist School 10822:America and Australia 10442:Medieval Scandinavian 10130:High Victorian Gothic 9721:Horror-of-personality 9436:High Victorian Gothic 9151:Sir Thomas G. Jackson 9075:. London: Routledge. 8789:Yale University Press 8452:The Victorian Society 8198:Graur, Neaga (1970). 7926:Yale University Press 7784:Yale University Press 7450:The Victorian Society 6920:"Cidade de São Paulo" 6810:"Gothic but Buddhist" 5451:www.historicplaces.ca 5149:"St. Vitus Cathedral" 5005:, pp. xviii–xix. 4805:. The Landscape Guide 3660:Royal Society of Arts 3085:Church of the Saviour 2836:Basilica del Salvador 2821:Buenos Aires Province 2608:, Portugal: 1886–1887 2459:, with a foreword by 2359: 2285: 2272:Cathedral of La Plata 2116: 2053: 1946: 1925:Cathedral of Learning 1878:Frederick Law Olmsted 1838:Cope & Stewardson 1820: 1754: 1720:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc 1710: 1641:Commissioner's Church 1628: 1620:Victorian restoration 1536:Thomas Newenham Deane 1491: 1484:High Victorian Gothic 1406:Palace of Westminster 1403: 1338:by Town's design for 1242: 1187:Rombout II Keldermans 1149: 1086: 1034:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc 989: 949:Gothic façade of the 948: 928:coins were minted in 915:High Victorian Design 890:, Gothic tracery and 816: 728: 661:Strawberry Hill House 618:Strawberry Hill House 477: 353:St Columb's Cathedral 305: 284:Alfred, Lord Tennyson 263:The Castle of Otranto 235:Palace of Westminster 123: 64:(also referred to as 49: 39:High Victorian Gothic 15143:Architectural styles 14830:Critical regionalism 14523:American Renaissance 14289:Age of Enlightenment 11931:England (literature) 11805:American Renaissance 11747:Neoclassical Revival 11448:Louis Philippe style 11064:Critical regionalism 10156:International Gothic 9676:German Expressionism 9099:Le Goût du moyen âge 9008:. London: Batsford. 8777:Sherwood, Jennifer; 8672:Port, M. H. (2006). 7224:Goodhart-Rendel 1989 6775:www.victorianweb.org 6737:www.victorianweb.org 6201:www.design.upenn.edu 6177:. Princeton Magazine 4864:"An inspector calls" 4618:"Thomas Chippendale" 3909:Furneaux Jordan 1979 3897:Furneaux Jordan 1979 3885:Furneaux Jordan 1979 3725:The Stones of Venice 2780:Guadalajara, Jalisco 2706:, Canada: 1876–1888 2657:, Austria: 1872–1883 2642:, Romania: 1880–1904 2623:, Germany: 1845–1857 2555:, Germany: 1867–1874 2536:, England: 1868–1877 2534:Manchester Town Hall 2521:, Hungary: 1885–1904 2482:George Gilbert Scott 2389:Princeton University 2268:Maximilian Emil Hehl 2236:San Sebastian Church 2101:, which sits in the 2099:University of Sydney 1846:Princeton University 1672:George Edmund Street 1564:George Gilbert Scott 1552:The Stones of Venice 1515:The Stones of Venice 1463:Houses of Parliament 1120:Romantic nationalism 1046:Roquetaillade castle 963:Alexandre de Laborde 870:(1814–1830) and the 710:in Berwickshire and 412:University of Oxford 400:Sir Christopher Wren 361:Perpendicular Gothic 324:near Paris, and the 311:Sir Christopher Wren 298:Survival and revival 239:Parliament Buildings 14678:Territorial Revival 14621:International style 14591:California bungalow 14581:American Foursquare 14240:Romantic psychology 12035:Hudson River School 11979:Sweden (literature) 11964:Russia (literature) 11870:Territorial Revival 11453:Second Empire style 11325:Renaissance Revival 11003:Stripped Classicism 10978:International style 10961:Rationalist-Fascist 10610:Portuguese Colonial 10360:Pre-Islamic Persian 9898:Gothic architecture 9746:Lovecraftian horror 9568:Gothic romance film 9456:By specific country 9250:Gothic Christianity 9141:Summerson, Sir John 8483:. London: unknown. 8308:. London: Praeger. 8304:Hull, Lise (2006). 8228:Chatto & Windus 8175:. London: Century. 8070:(online ed.). 7952:Curl, James Stevens 7131:The Catholic Moment 6947:, pp. 124–125. 6777:. The Victorian Web 6739:. The Victorian Web 6710:, pp. 149–150. 6227:, pp. 221–223. 6025:www.centralpark.com 5716:, pp. 155–174. 5608:, pp. 168–171. 5575:. The Victorian Web 5337:, pp. 276–285. 5284:, pp. 108–110. 4803:www.gardenvisit.com 4471:. Twickenham Museum 4442:, pp. 428–431. 4394:, pp. 310–311. 3942:, pp. 110–111. 3731:William Butterfield 3587:Midland Grand Hotel 3205:, 1827, porcelain, 3003:Auckland High Court 2938:, Brazil: 1953–1987 2909:Las Lajas Sanctuary 2896:, Brazil: 1881–1889 2877:, Brazil: 1884–1925 2782:, Mexico: 1897–1972 2757:Rockefeller College 2729:, Canada: 1916–1920 2398:, the cathedral of 2373:Liverpool Cathedral 2369:Giles Gilbert Scott 2361:Liverpool Cathedral 2343:Tower Life Building 2075:St Mary's Cathedral 1909:James Gamble Rogers 1895:(1910s) (including 1856:, the President of 1789:Woodchester Mansion 1697:William Hosking FSA 1693:Abney Park Cemetery 1492:Venetian Gothic in 1419:In the late 1820s, 1377:Royal Canadian Mint 1375:, (1905–1908), the 1356:Notre-Dame Basilica 1265:crow-stepped gables 1141:St. Vitus Cathedral 1125:Notre Dame de Paris 1105:St. Vitus Cathedral 1070:Franz Christian Gau 1022:Notre-Dame de Paris 971:King Louis-Philippe 861:Eglinton Tournament 770:St. John the Divine 635:German Romanticists 574:Romantic challenges 434:as a stone-vaulted 348:Britain and Ireland 318:Gothic architecture 79:Gothic architecture 14729:Mid-century modern 14576:American Craftsman 14565:Streamline Moderne 12225:White Mountain art 12166:Historical fiction 11974:Spain (literature) 11570:Romanesque Revival 11560:Queen Anne Revival 11382:Swiss chalet style 11352:Romanesque Revival 11008:Postconstructivism 10951:Streamline Moderne 9836:Universal monsters 9816:Romanesque revival 9811:Paranormal romance 9771:Monster literature 9590:Gothic belly dance 9532:Modern subculture, 9125:Phoebe B Stanton, 9097:Christian Amalvi, 8752:Dover Publications 7895:Crook, J. Mordaunt 7576:St Pancras Station 7551:. London: Viking. 7135:Lafayette, Indiana 6838:. The Jakarta Post 6639:ArchitectureAU.com 6580:. Federation House 5956:www.oumnh.ox.ac.uk 5853:Charlesworth 2002c 5825:(1 October 1987). 5666:Charlesworth 2002c 5606:Charlesworth 2002c 5548:Charlesworth 2002c 4368:Charlesworth 2002a 3875:, p. unknown. 3699:Sir John Summerson 3252:Pair of vases, by 3163:, China: 1861–1888 3110:, India: 1902–1907 2842:, Chile: 1913–1954 2365: 2331:Woolworth Building 2292: 2130: 2103:quadrangle complex 2059: 2041:Dunedin Law Courts 2001:Frederick Thatcher 1989:Benjamin Mountfort 1949: 1903:'s design for the 1874:Francis H. Kimball 1826: 1765: 1716: 1639:, was a new-built 1634: 1616:The Ecclesiologist 1501: 1417: 1381:Connaught Building 1248: 1230:Lopushna Monastery 1155: 1097: 999:Arcisse de Caumont 995: 955: 951:Parlement de Rouen 911:Nikolaus Pevsner's 831: 731: 624:, London; 1749 by 552:Jan Santini Aichel 494: 483:Jan Santini Aichel 470:Continental Europe 464:University College 456:Nicholas Hawksmoor 315: 280:Idylls of the King 278:". Poems such as " 138: 59: 15120: 15119: 14692:Post–World War II 14404:Colonial Georgian 14316: 14315: 14230:Romantic medicine 14200:List of romantics 13639: 13638: 13290:Felix Mendelssohn 13285:Fanny Mendelssohn 13096: 13095: 12810:Rosalía de Castro 12748:Soares dos Passos 12096:Transcendentalism 12060:Nazarene movement 12020:Düsseldorf School 11878: 11877: 11810:Collegiate Gothic 11668:Nordic Classicism 11600:Mycenaean Revival 11575:Scottish Baronial 11525:Edwardian Baroque 11520:Bristol Byzantine 11489:Nazi architecture 11286:French Provincial 11193: 11192: 10235: 10234: 10108:Dissenting Gothic 10103:Collegiate Gothic 9864: 9863: 9846:Victorian fashion 9716:Horror-of-demonic 9711:Horror and Terror 9541:Gothic subculture 9484:Modern literature 9446:Scottish baronial 9431:Dissenting Gothic 9426:Collegiate Gothic 9378:Boxwood miniature 9034:978-9-548-93140-3 8994:978-0-773-50848-4 8966:978-9-462-70091-8 8945:978-0-262-69028-7 8916:978-0-801-85622-8 8889:978-1-781-31124-0 8860:978-0-901-65740-4 8779:Pevsner, Nikolaus 8761:978-0-486-26145-4 8716:978-1-107-33824-1 8683:978-1-904-96508-4 8664:978-0-891-33065-3 8632:Pevsner, Nikolaus 8610:Pevsner, Nikolaus 8593:978-0-140-71066-3 8564:978-0-192-82036-5 8536:978-2-914-19922-3 8509:978-0-571-15419-7 8461:978-0-901-65753-4 8436:978-0-216-89892-9 8415:978-0-521-85142-8 8404:. Cambridge, UK: 8366:978-1-783-27127-6 8334:978-0-199-59399-6 8315:978-0-275-98414-4 8256:978-0-713-99499-5 8237:978-0-701-16839-1 8182:978-0-712-61869-4 8158:978-0-748-60741-9 8131:978-1-851-58296-9 8110:978-0-853-31343-4 8052:978-3-930-69890-5 8012:978-1-108-05191-0 7986:978-0-195-20048-5 7965:978-0-715-39144-0 7935:978-0-300-10702-9 7910:978-0-7112-3349-2 7862:978-2-882-49014-8 7838:978-0-719-53102-6 7814:978-0-295-74668-5 7768:Pevsner, Nikolaus 7766:Cherry, Bridget; 7750:978-1-873-40367-9 7721:978-1-873-40367-9 7692:978-0-711-22687-6 7671:978-0-821-22683-4 7650:978-1-584-65322-6 7631:978-0-300-11298-6 7612:Pevsner, Nikolaus 7585:978-1-861-97951-3 7558:978-0-670-80141-1 7537:978-0-892-36642-2 7527:Medieval Panorama 7505:978-0-300-06656-2 7459:978-0-901-65756-5 7434:978-0-714-83631-7 7413:978-0-300-06656-2 7385:, pp. 43–44. 7159:on 8 October 2008 7114:on 18 March 2005. 6476:nzhistory.govt.nz 6419:Wapellocounty.org 6363:archives.yale.edu 5596:, pp. 52–53. 5562:, pp. 74–75. 4831:. Normandy Museum 4738:www.royalmint.com 4382:, pp. 82–83. 4202:10.3311/PPar.7396 3873:Robson Scott 1965 3809:on 6 October 2007 3792:, pp. 14–15. 3331:Scottish Baronial 3311:Dissenting Gothic 3306:Collegiate Gothic 3201:and decorated by 3178:, Pakistan: 1877 3123:Jakarta Cathedral 2858:, Peru: 1884–1925 2474:Victorian Society 2467:, as part of the 2320:flying buttresses 2232:Jakarta Cathedral 2228:Dutch East Indies 2222:, by the Italian 2181:Rashtrapati Niwas 2071:St John's College 2054:Old St Paul's in 1842:Bryn Mawr College 1813:Collegiate Gothic 1807:Collegiate Gothic 1785:Benjamin Bucknall 1584:Church of England 1540:Benjamin Woodward 1529:By declaring the 1224:in Budapest, the 1203:Arnolfo di Cambio 1191:Brabantine Gothic 1151:Cologne Cathedral 1101:Cologne Cathedral 980:jardins paysagers 886:, lancet arches, 502:Orléans Cathedral 460:Westminster Abbey 416:Cardinal Wolsey's 380:Dromore Cathedral 326:Cathedral of Sens 292:German literature 256:gave rise to the 208:industrialisation 191:industrialisation 159:Victorian Society 16:(Redirected from 15165: 15091:Washington, D.C. 14709:Deconstructivism 14611:Georgian Revival 14601:Colonial Revival 14554:mid-20th century 14478:Mid-19th century 14424:Spanish Colonial 14343: 14336: 14329: 14320: 14319: 14306: 14305: 14265:Evolution theory 13107: 13106: 12240: 12239: 12101:Ukrainian school 11905: 11898: 11891: 11882: 11881: 11860:Queen Anne style 11815:Colonial Revival 11726:Romanian Revival 11646:Nordic countries 11535:Georgian Revival 11530:Egyptian Revival 11438:Directoire style 11413:Louis XIII style 11281:Egyptian Revival 11276:Carpenter Gothic 11220: 11213: 11206: 11197: 11196: 11085:Deconstructivism 10844:Spanish Colonial 10605:Spanish Colonial 10505:Western Chalukya 10313:Ancient Egyptian 10262: 10255: 10248: 10239: 10238: 10223: 10211: 10210: 10199: 10198: 10139:Related articles 10098:Carpenter Gothic 9891: 9884: 9877: 9868: 9867: 9796:Occult detective 9726:Industrial music 9523:Tasmanian Gothic 9401:Dark Romanticism 9221: 9214: 9207: 9198: 9197: 9086: 9067: 9046: 9017: 8998: 8970: 8949: 8928: 8901: 8876:— (2015). 8872: 8847:— (2011). 8843: 8828:— (1997). 8824: 8802: 8798:978-0-30009-6392 8773: 8737: 8720: 8687: 8668: 8655:What Style Is It 8649: 8627: 8605: 8576: 8540: 8521: 8492: 8473: 8440: 8419: 8396:Lowenthal, David 8391: 8370: 8349: 8348:. Oliver Steele. 8338: 8319: 8300: 8299:. Oliver Steele. 8288: 8260: 8241: 8213: 8194: 8162: 8143: 8114: 8095: 8075: 8056: 8035: 8016: 7990: 7969: 7947: 7914: 7890: 7888: 7886: 7876: 7866: 7842: 7818: 7797: 7777: 7762: 7737:— (2002). 7733: 7704: 7675: 7654: 7635: 7606: 7589: 7570: 7541: 7522:Bartlett, Robert 7517: 7490: 7471: 7438: 7417: 7386: 7380: 7374: 7368: 7362: 7356: 7350: 7344: 7338: 7332: 7326: 7320: 7311: 7305: 7299: 7293: 7287: 7281: 7275: 7269: 7263: 7257: 7251: 7245: 7239: 7233: 7227: 7221: 7215: 7209: 7203: 7197: 7191: 7190: 7188: 7186: 7175: 7169: 7168: 7166: 7164: 7149: 7143: 7142: 7137:. Archived from 7122: 7116: 7115: 7099: 7093: 7087: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7065: 7059: 7058: 7056: 7054: 7043: 7037: 7036: 7034: 7032: 7016:Historic England 7012: 7006: 7005: 6998: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6987: 6976: 6970: 6969: 6967: 6965: 6954: 6948: 6942: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6931: 6916: 6910: 6904: 6898: 6892: 6886: 6880: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6869: 6864:on 23 March 2015 6854: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6843: 6831: 6825: 6824: 6822: 6820: 6805: 6799: 6798:, p. XXIII. 6793: 6787: 6786: 6784: 6782: 6767: 6761: 6755: 6749: 6748: 6746: 6744: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6711: 6705: 6699: 6693: 6687: 6681: 6675: 6669: 6663: 6657: 6651: 6650: 6648: 6646: 6641:. ARCHITECTUREAU 6631: 6625: 6619: 6613: 6612: 6610: 6608: 6596: 6590: 6589: 6587: 6585: 6578:"Gothic-Revival" 6573: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6547: 6541: 6540: 6538: 6536: 6520: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6494: 6488: 6487: 6485: 6483: 6468: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6457: 6441: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6430: 6411: 6405: 6399: 6393: 6392: 6390: 6388: 6373: 6367: 6366: 6355: 6349: 6348: 6346: 6344: 6325: 6319: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6303: 6297: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6281: 6275: 6269: 6263: 6262: 6234: 6228: 6222: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6208: 6193: 6187: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6149:www.brynmawr.edu 6141: 6135: 6134: 6132: 6130: 6107: 6101: 6100: 6098: 6096: 6086: 6077: 6071: 6070: 6068: 6066: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6006: 5990:Historic England 5986: 5980: 5974: 5968: 5967: 5965: 5963: 5948: 5942: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5932:on 12 March 2012 5922: 5916: 5910: 5904: 5898: 5892: 5886: 5880: 5874: 5868: 5862: 5856: 5850: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5839: 5823:Historic England 5819: 5813: 5807: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5781: 5775: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5759: 5753: 5747: 5741: 5735: 5729: 5723: 5717: 5711: 5705: 5699: 5693: 5687: 5681: 5675: 5669: 5663: 5657: 5651: 5645: 5639: 5633: 5627: 5621: 5615: 5609: 5603: 5597: 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5569: 5563: 5557: 5551: 5545: 5539: 5533: 5527: 5521: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5495: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5484: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5460: 5458: 5443: 5437: 5436: 5434: 5432: 5421: 5415: 5414: 5412: 5410: 5395: 5389: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5365: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5338: 5332: 5326: 5320: 5314: 5308: 5297: 5291: 5285: 5279: 5273: 5267: 5261: 5260: 5258: 5256: 5245: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5234: 5219: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5193: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5171: 5165: 5164: 5162: 5160: 5144: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5133: 5122: 5116: 5115: 5113: 5111: 5092: 5086: 5085: 5083: 5081: 5070: 5064: 5058: 5052: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5024: 5018: 5012: 5006: 5000: 4994: 4988: 4982: 4981: 4979: 4977: 4963: 4957: 4956: 4949: 4943: 4937: 4926: 4920: 4914: 4908: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4887:www.psupress.org 4878: 4872: 4871: 4859: 4853: 4847: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4821: 4815: 4814: 4812: 4810: 4794: 4788: 4787: 4785: 4783: 4772: 4766: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4751: 4749: 4730: 4724: 4723: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4692: 4686: 4680: 4674: 4668: 4662: 4656: 4650: 4644: 4638: 4632: 4626: 4625: 4614: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4603: 4589: 4583: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4566: 4553:"Gothic Revival" 4549: 4543: 4542: 4540: 4538: 4526: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4499: 4493: 4487: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4461: 4455: 4449: 4443: 4437: 4431: 4425: 4419: 4413: 4407: 4401: 4395: 4389: 4383: 4377: 4371: 4365: 4359: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4338:Historic England 4334: 4328: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4307:Historic England 4303: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4276:Historic England 4272: 4266: 4260: 4254: 4248: 4239: 4233: 4227: 4221: 4215: 4214: 4204: 4180: 4174: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4154: 4148: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4132: 4126: 4125: 4123: 4121: 4110: 4104: 4098: 4092: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4071:Historic England 4067: 4061: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4045: 4039: 4033: 4027: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4006:Historic England 4002: 3996: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3975:Historic England 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3949: 3943: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3918: 3912: 3906: 3900: 3894: 3888: 3882: 3876: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3861: 3859: 3854:on 24 April 2023 3850:. Archived from 3840: 3834: 3828: 3819: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3805:. Archived from 3799: 3793: 3787: 3770: 3743:Nikolaus Pevsner 3740: 3734: 3709: 3703: 3691: 3685: 3670: 3664: 3652: 3646: 3632: 3626: 3615: 3609: 3596: 3590: 3583: 3577: 3570: 3564: 3553: 3547: 3535: 3529: 3518: 3512: 3508: 3502: 3489: 3483: 3478:in 1834 and the 3468: 3462: 3451:Clearwell Castle 3447: 3441: 3438:Alfred the Great 3434:Cirencester Park 3426: 3420: 3416: 3410: 3407:Sanderson Miller 3399: 3393: 3382: 3326:Ruskinian Gothic 3301:Carpenter Gothic 3282: 3279: 3274:Kimbel and Cabus 3269: 3249: 3235: 3234: 1835–1840 3232: 3226: 3194: 3172: 3153: 3134: 3119: 3100: 3081: 3059: 3044: 3029: 3014: 2999: 2984: 2969: 2954: 2928: 2905: 2886: 2867: 2851: 2832: 2813: 2791: 2772: 2753: 2738: 2715: 2692: 2666: 2655:Vienna City Hall 2651: 2632: 2617: 2598: 2583: 2564: 2545: 2530: 2511: 2490:Saving A Century 2461:Nikolaus Pevsner 2453:Consort of Taste 2408:Fishers, Indiana 2381:Ralph Adams Cram 2341:in Chicago. The 2286:Construction of 1952:Carpenter Gothic 1939:Carpenter Gothic 1901:Ralph Adams Cram 1891:'s buildings at 1664:Sir William Tite 1582:In England, the 1360:Montreal, Quebec 1327:Federalist-style 1308:Wallace Monument 1297: 1296: 1847–1914 1294: 1211:Emilio De Fabris 1129:Regensburger Dom 1123:1832 edition of 1058:Palais des Papes 1038:Abbey of Vézelay 907:Great Exhibition 856:Sir Walter Scott 852:Scottish Borders 823:Sir Walter Scott 782:Washington, D.C. 688:Inveraray Castle 611: 602: 560:Žďár nad Sázavou 384:the Protectorate 136:, United States) 66:Victorian Gothic 21: 15173: 15172: 15168: 15167: 15166: 15164: 15163: 15162: 15123: 15122: 15121: 15116: 15095: 14969: 14783: 14687: 14636:Mission Revival 14553: 14547: 14499: 14473: 14435: 14419:German Colonial 14414:French Colonial 14380: 14352: 14347: 14317: 14312: 14311: 14300: 14292: 14278: 14235:Romantic poetry 14220:Romantic ballet 14195:German idealism 14178: 14144:Lacoue-Labarthe 14070: 13817: 13635: 13584: 13553: 13534:Rimsky-Korsakov 13477: 13426: 13375: 13334: 13243: 13187: 13151: 13092: 12941: 12885: 12834: 12793: 12752: 12706: 12648: 12589:Maria Edgeworth 12525: 12518: 12397: 12319: 12229: 12208:Romantic genius 12138:Gesamtkunstwerk 12115: 12076:Sturm und Drang 11983: 11914: 11909: 11879: 11874: 11845:Mission Revival 11793: 11777: 11761: 11752:Russian Revival 11730: 11714: 11698: 11672: 11663:Gustavian style 11641: 11625: 11616:Stile Umbertino 11604: 11588: 11503: 11462: 11428:Louis XVI style 11418:Louis XIV style 11391: 11310:Moorish Revival 11261:Baroque Revival 11256:Arts and Crafts 11234: 11224: 11194: 11189: 11104: 11073: 11022: 10956:Totalitarianism 10946:New Objectivity 10887: 10740:Serbo-Byzantine 10735:Russo-Byzantine 10624: 10583: 10458: 10435:Islamic Persian 10371: 10289: 10271: 10266: 10236: 10231: 10187: 10134: 10086: 10060: 9999: 9906: 9900: 9895: 9865: 9860: 9841:Vampire fiction 9776:Mystery fiction 9691:Gothic Satanism 9619: 9533: 9527: 9518:Suburban Gothic 9503:Southern Gothic 9485: 9479: 9396:American Gothic 9384: 9264: 9255:Gothic language 9245:Gothic alphabet 9228: 9225: 9172: 9094: 9092:Further reading 9089: 9083: 9064: 9035: 8995: 8975:Toker, Franklin 8967: 8946: 8917: 8890: 8861: 8821: 8799: 8762: 8717: 8684: 8665: 8594: 8565: 8537: 8510: 8462: 8437: 8416: 8388: 8367: 8335: 8316: 8257: 8238: 8183: 8159: 8132: 8111: 8053: 8013: 7987: 7966: 7936: 7911: 7884: 7882: 7874: 7863: 7839: 7815: 7794: 7774:London 4: North 7751: 7722: 7693: 7672: 7651: 7632: 7586: 7559: 7538: 7506: 7460: 7435: 7414: 7395: 7390: 7389: 7381: 7377: 7369: 7365: 7361:, Introduction. 7357: 7353: 7345: 7341: 7333: 7329: 7321: 7314: 7306: 7302: 7294: 7290: 7282: 7278: 7270: 7266: 7258: 7254: 7246: 7242: 7234: 7230: 7222: 7218: 7210: 7206: 7198: 7194: 7184: 7182: 7177: 7176: 7172: 7162: 7160: 7151: 7150: 7146: 7141:on 15 May 2008. 7123: 7119: 7100: 7096: 7088: 7084: 7074: 7072: 7067: 7066: 7062: 7052: 7050: 7045: 7044: 7040: 7030: 7028: 7013: 7009: 7000: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6983: 6980:"Tribune Tower" 6978: 6977: 6973: 6963: 6961: 6956: 6955: 6951: 6943: 6939: 6929: 6927: 6926:on 17 July 2020 6918: 6917: 6913: 6905: 6901: 6893: 6889: 6881: 6877: 6867: 6865: 6856: 6855: 6851: 6841: 6839: 6832: 6828: 6818: 6816: 6806: 6802: 6794: 6790: 6780: 6778: 6769: 6768: 6764: 6756: 6752: 6742: 6740: 6731: 6730: 6726: 6718: 6714: 6706: 6702: 6694: 6690: 6682: 6678: 6670: 6666: 6658: 6654: 6644: 6642: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6620: 6616: 6606: 6604: 6597: 6593: 6583: 6581: 6574: 6570: 6560: 6558: 6549: 6548: 6544: 6534: 6532: 6523:Bury, Maxwell. 6521: 6517: 6507: 6505: 6496: 6495: 6491: 6481: 6479: 6472:"Old St Paul's" 6470: 6469: 6465: 6455: 6453: 6442: 6438: 6428: 6426: 6425:on 18 June 2009 6413: 6412: 6408: 6400: 6396: 6386: 6384: 6383:on 16 July 2020 6375: 6374: 6370: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6342: 6340: 6339:on 17 July 2021 6327: 6326: 6322: 6312: 6310: 6305: 6304: 6300: 6290: 6288: 6283: 6282: 6278: 6270: 6266: 6235: 6231: 6223: 6216: 6206: 6204: 6195: 6194: 6190: 6180: 6178: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6155:on 3 March 2019 6143: 6142: 6138: 6128: 6126: 6124: 6108: 6104: 6094: 6092: 6084: 6078: 6074: 6064: 6062: 6060: 6044: 6040: 6030: 6028: 6019: 6018: 6014: 6004: 6002: 5987: 5983: 5975: 5971: 5961: 5959: 5950: 5949: 5945: 5935: 5933: 5924: 5923: 5919: 5911: 5907: 5899: 5895: 5887: 5883: 5875: 5871: 5863: 5859: 5851: 5847: 5837: 5835: 5820: 5816: 5808: 5804: 5794: 5792: 5791:on 16 July 2020 5783: 5782: 5778: 5768: 5766: 5761: 5760: 5756: 5748: 5744: 5736: 5732: 5724: 5720: 5712: 5708: 5700: 5696: 5688: 5684: 5676: 5672: 5664: 5660: 5652: 5648: 5640: 5636: 5628: 5624: 5616: 5612: 5604: 5600: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5571: 5570: 5566: 5558: 5554: 5546: 5542: 5534: 5530: 5522: 5518: 5508: 5506: 5497: 5496: 5492: 5482: 5480: 5471: 5470: 5466: 5456: 5454: 5445: 5444: 5440: 5430: 5428: 5423: 5422: 5418: 5408: 5406: 5397: 5396: 5392: 5384: 5380: 5372: 5368: 5360: 5356: 5348: 5341: 5333: 5329: 5321: 5317: 5309: 5300: 5292: 5288: 5280: 5276: 5268: 5264: 5254: 5252: 5247: 5246: 5242: 5232: 5230: 5221: 5220: 5216: 5206: 5204: 5203:on 18 July 2011 5195: 5194: 5190: 5180: 5178: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5158: 5156: 5155:. Prague Castle 5147:Forrest, F. G. 5145: 5141: 5131: 5129: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5109: 5107: 5106:on 15 July 2020 5094: 5093: 5089: 5079: 5077: 5072: 5071: 5067: 5059: 5055: 5047: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5026: 5025: 5021: 5013: 5009: 5001: 4997: 4989: 4985: 4975: 4973: 4965: 4964: 4960: 4951: 4950: 4946: 4938: 4929: 4921: 4917: 4909: 4902: 4892: 4890: 4881:Murphy, Kevin. 4879: 4875: 4860: 4856: 4848: 4844: 4834: 4832: 4823: 4822: 4818: 4808: 4806: 4795: 4791: 4781: 4779: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4761: 4757: 4747: 4745: 4744:on 24 June 2020 4732: 4731: 4727: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4705: 4701: 4693: 4689: 4681: 4677: 4669: 4665: 4659:Anstruther 1963 4657: 4653: 4645: 4641: 4633: 4629: 4616: 4615: 4611: 4601: 4599: 4591: 4590: 4586: 4578: 4574: 4564: 4562: 4551: 4550: 4546: 4536: 4534: 4529:Shannon Kyles. 4527: 4520: 4512: 4508: 4500: 4496: 4488: 4484: 4474: 4472: 4463: 4462: 4458: 4450: 4446: 4438: 4434: 4426: 4422: 4414: 4410: 4402: 4398: 4390: 4386: 4378: 4374: 4366: 4362: 4352: 4350: 4335: 4331: 4321: 4319: 4304: 4300: 4290: 4288: 4273: 4269: 4261: 4257: 4249: 4242: 4234: 4230: 4222: 4218: 4181: 4177: 4167: 4165: 4156: 4155: 4151: 4141: 4139: 4134: 4133: 4129: 4119: 4117: 4112: 4111: 4107: 4099: 4095: 4085: 4083: 4068: 4064: 4054: 4052: 4047: 4046: 4042: 4034: 4030: 4020: 4018: 4003: 3999: 3989: 3987: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3951: 3950: 3946: 3938: 3934: 3919: 3915: 3907: 3903: 3895: 3891: 3883: 3879: 3871: 3867: 3857: 3855: 3848:British Library 3842: 3841: 3837: 3829: 3822: 3812: 3810: 3801: 3800: 3796: 3788: 3784: 3779: 3774: 3773: 3767:Albert Memorial 3741: 3737: 3710: 3706: 3695:RIBA Gold Medal 3692: 3688: 3671: 3667: 3653: 3649: 3633: 3629: 3616: 3612: 3597: 3593: 3584: 3580: 3571: 3567: 3554: 3550: 3536: 3532: 3519: 3515: 3509: 3505: 3493:Robert Bartlett 3490: 3486: 3469: 3465: 3448: 3444: 3427: 3423: 3417: 3413: 3400: 3396: 3386:Roger Newdigate 3383: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3350: 3345: 3296: 3291: 3284: 3280: 3270: 3261: 3260:, New York City 3250: 3241: 3233: 3227: 3218: 3195: 3186: 3184:Decorative arts 3179: 3173: 3164: 3154: 3145: 3135: 3126: 3120: 3111: 3101: 3092: 3082: 3073: 3066: 3060: 3051: 3045: 3036: 3030: 3021: 3015: 3006: 3000: 2991: 2985: 2976: 2970: 2961: 2955: 2946: 2939: 2929: 2920: 2906: 2897: 2887: 2878: 2868: 2859: 2852: 2843: 2833: 2824: 2814: 2805: 2798: 2792: 2783: 2773: 2764: 2754: 2745: 2739: 2730: 2716: 2707: 2693: 2684: 2677: 2667: 2658: 2652: 2643: 2633: 2624: 2621:Schwerin Castle 2618: 2609: 2599: 2590: 2584: 2575: 2574:, Croatia: 1898 2565: 2556: 2546: 2537: 2531: 2522: 2512: 2503: 2498: 2457:Victorian Taste 2436:Kenneth Clark's 2424: 2400:Bury St Edmunds 2280: 2208:Alphonse Favier 2204:Guangxu Emperor 2126:Indian elements 2111: 2063:William Wardell 2021:Otago gold rush 1986: 1978:American Gothic 1941: 1935: 1923:'s campus, the 1917:Charles Klauder 1913:Yale University 1815: 1809: 1763:, New York City 1732:Sainte Chapelle 1705: 1596:Oxford Movement 1580: 1568:Lord Palmerston 1486: 1478:Main articles: 1476: 1398: 1393: 1368:Parliament Hill 1364:Ottawa, Ontario 1312:Balmoral Castle 1304:Cockburn Street 1295: 1030:Prosper Mérimée 943: 811: 805: 790:Guelph, Ontario 632: 631: 630: 629: 614: 613: 612: 604: 603: 576: 537:Guarino Guarini 511:, in 1646, the 485:(around 1720), 472: 350: 300: 167: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 15171: 15161: 15160: 15155: 15150: 15145: 15140: 15135: 15118: 15117: 15115: 15114: 15109: 15103: 15101: 15097: 15096: 15094: 15093: 15088: 15083: 15078: 15073: 15068: 15063: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15043: 15038: 15033: 15028: 15023: 15018: 15013: 15008: 15003: 14998: 14993: 14988: 14983: 14977: 14975: 14971: 14970: 14968: 14967: 14962: 14957: 14952: 14947: 14942: 14937: 14932: 14927: 14922: 14917: 14912: 14907: 14902: 14897: 14895:Platform mound 14892: 14887: 14882: 14877: 14872: 14867: 14862: 14857: 14852: 14847: 14842: 14837: 14832: 14827: 14822: 14817: 14812: 14807: 14802: 14797: 14791: 14789: 14785: 14784: 14782: 14781: 14776: 14771: 14766: 14761: 14756: 14751: 14746: 14741: 14736: 14731: 14726: 14721: 14716: 14711: 14706: 14701: 14695: 14693: 14689: 14688: 14686: 14685: 14680: 14675: 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14653:Prairie School 14650: 14649: 14648: 14641:Pueblo Revival 14638: 14633: 14628: 14623: 14618: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14598: 14596:Chicago School 14593: 14588: 14583: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14557: 14555: 14549: 14548: 14546: 14545: 14540: 14535: 14530: 14525: 14520: 14515: 14509: 14507: 14501: 14500: 14498: 14497: 14495:Gothic Revival 14492: 14487: 14481: 14479: 14475: 14474: 14472: 14471: 14470: 14469: 14459: 14454: 14449: 14443: 14441: 14440:Early Republic 14437: 14436: 14434: 14433: 14432: 14431: 14421: 14416: 14411: 14409:Dutch Colonial 14406: 14401: 14396: 14390: 14388: 14382: 14381: 14379: 14378: 14373: 14372: 14371: 14360: 14358: 14354: 14353: 14346: 14345: 14338: 14331: 14323: 14314: 14313: 14293: 14285: 14284: 14283: 14280: 14279: 14277: 14276: 14269: 14268: 14267: 14262: 14252: 14247: 14242: 14237: 14232: 14227: 14222: 14217: 14212: 14207: 14202: 14197: 14192: 14186: 14184: 14183:Related topics 14180: 14179: 14177: 14176: 14171: 14166: 14161: 14156: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14131: 14126: 14121: 14116: 14111: 14106: 14101: 14096: 14091: 14086: 14080: 14078: 14072: 14071: 14069: 14068: 14063: 14058: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14028: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13978: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13958: 13953: 13948: 13943: 13938: 13933: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13911:Gallen-Kallela 13908: 13903: 13898: 13893: 13888: 13886:David d'Angers 13883: 13878: 13873: 13868: 13863: 13858: 13853: 13848: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13827: 13825: 13823:Visual artists 13819: 13818: 13816: 13815: 13810: 13805: 13800: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13783:Schleiermacher 13780: 13775: 13770: 13765: 13760: 13755: 13750: 13745: 13740: 13735: 13730: 13725: 13720: 13715: 13710: 13705: 13700: 13695: 13690: 13685: 13680: 13675: 13670: 13665: 13660: 13655: 13649: 13647: 13641: 13640: 13637: 13636: 13634: 13633: 13628: 13623: 13618: 13613: 13608: 13603: 13598: 13592: 13590: 13586: 13585: 13583: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13561: 13559: 13555: 13554: 13552: 13551: 13546: 13541: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13485: 13483: 13479: 13478: 13476: 13475: 13470: 13465: 13460: 13455: 13450: 13445: 13440: 13434: 13432: 13428: 13427: 13425: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13409: 13404: 13399: 13394: 13389: 13383: 13381: 13377: 13376: 13374: 13373: 13368: 13363: 13358: 13353: 13348: 13342: 13340: 13336: 13335: 13333: 13332: 13327: 13322: 13317: 13312: 13307: 13302: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13251: 13249: 13245: 13244: 13242: 13241: 13236: 13231: 13226: 13221: 13216: 13211: 13206: 13201: 13195: 13193: 13189: 13188: 13186: 13185: 13180: 13175: 13170: 13165: 13159: 13157: 13153: 13152: 13150: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13129: 13124: 13119: 13113: 13111: 13104: 13098: 13097: 13094: 13093: 13091: 13090: 13085: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13048:Oehlenschläger 13045: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13015: 13010: 13005: 13000: 12995: 12990: 12985: 12980: 12975: 12970: 12965: 12960: 12955: 12949: 12947: 12943: 12942: 12940: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12909: 12904: 12899: 12893: 12891: 12887: 12886: 12884: 12883: 12878: 12873: 12868: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12842: 12840: 12836: 12835: 12833: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12801: 12799: 12795: 12794: 12792: 12791: 12786: 12781: 12776: 12771: 12766: 12760: 12758: 12754: 12753: 12751: 12750: 12745: 12740: 12735: 12730: 12725: 12720: 12718:Castelo Branco 12714: 12712: 12708: 12707: 12705: 12704: 12699: 12694: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12674: 12669: 12664: 12658: 12656: 12650: 12649: 12647: 12646: 12641: 12636: 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12551: 12546: 12541: 12536: 12530: 12528: 12520: 12519: 12517: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12466: 12461: 12456: 12451: 12446: 12444:Brothers Grimm 12441: 12436: 12431: 12426: 12421: 12416: 12411: 12405: 12403: 12399: 12398: 12396: 12395: 12390: 12385: 12380: 12375: 12370: 12365: 12360: 12355: 12350: 12345: 12340: 12335: 12329: 12327: 12321: 12320: 12318: 12317: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12246: 12244: 12237: 12231: 12230: 12228: 12227: 12222: 12215: 12210: 12205: 12200: 12195: 12190: 12185: 12180: 12175: 12168: 12163: 12162: 12161: 12156: 12146: 12144:Gothic fiction 12141: 12134: 12132:British Marine 12129: 12123: 12121: 12117: 12116: 12114: 12113: 12108: 12103: 12098: 12093: 12086: 12081: 12080: 12079: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12052: 12047: 12042: 12037: 12032: 12030:Gothic revival 12027: 12022: 12017: 12012: 12007: 12002: 11997: 11991: 11989: 11985: 11984: 11982: 11981: 11976: 11971: 11966: 11961: 11956: 11951: 11946: 11941: 11933: 11928: 11922: 11920: 11916: 11915: 11908: 11907: 11900: 11893: 11885: 11876: 11875: 11873: 11872: 11867: 11862: 11857: 11852: 11850:Pueblo Revival 11847: 11842: 11837: 11832: 11827: 11822: 11817: 11812: 11807: 11801: 11799: 11795: 11794: 11792: 11791: 11785: 11783: 11779: 11778: 11776: 11775: 11769: 11767: 11763: 11762: 11760: 11759: 11754: 11749: 11744: 11738: 11736: 11732: 11731: 11729: 11728: 11722: 11720: 11716: 11715: 11713: 11712: 11710:Zakopane Style 11706: 11704: 11700: 11699: 11697: 11696: 11691: 11686: 11680: 11678: 11674: 11673: 11671: 11670: 11665: 11660: 11655: 11649: 11647: 11643: 11642: 11640: 11639: 11633: 11631: 11627: 11626: 11624: 11623: 11618: 11612: 11610: 11606: 11605: 11603: 11602: 11596: 11594: 11590: 11589: 11587: 11586: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11557: 11552: 11547: 11546: 11545: 11537: 11532: 11527: 11522: 11517: 11511: 11509: 11505: 11504: 11502: 11501: 11496: 11491: 11486: 11481: 11476: 11470: 11468: 11464: 11463: 11461: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11425: 11423:Louis XV style 11420: 11415: 11410: 11408:Henry IV style 11405: 11403:Henry II style 11399: 11397: 11393: 11392: 11390: 11389: 11384: 11379: 11374: 11373: 11372: 11370:North American 11367: 11362: 11356:Second Empire 11354: 11349: 11347:Rococo Revival 11344: 11343: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11322: 11317: 11312: 11307: 11302: 11293: 11291:Gothic Revival 11288: 11283: 11278: 11273: 11268: 11263: 11258: 11253: 11248: 11242: 11240: 11236: 11235: 11223: 11222: 11215: 11208: 11200: 11191: 11190: 11188: 11187: 11182: 11177: 11172: 11167: 11162: 11161: 11160: 11150: 11145: 11140: 11139: 11138: 11133: 11123: 11118: 11112: 11110: 11106: 11105: 11103: 11102: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11081: 11079: 11075: 11074: 11072: 11071: 11066: 11061: 11056: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11030: 11028: 11024: 11023: 11021: 11020: 11015: 11010: 11005: 11000: 10995: 10990: 10985: 10980: 10975: 10974: 10973: 10968: 10963: 10953: 10948: 10943: 10941:Constructivism 10938: 10933: 10928: 10927: 10926: 10916: 10914:Prairie School 10911: 10906: 10901: 10895: 10893: 10889: 10888: 10886: 10885: 10884: 10883: 10878: 10873: 10868: 10858: 10857: 10856: 10851: 10846: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10826: 10825: 10824: 10819: 10811: 10806: 10801: 10796: 10795: 10794: 10789: 10784: 10774: 10769: 10764: 10759: 10754: 10749: 10744: 10743: 10742: 10737: 10722: 10721: 10720: 10710: 10709: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10632: 10630: 10626: 10625: 10623: 10622: 10617: 10612: 10607: 10602: 10597: 10591: 10589: 10585: 10584: 10582: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10566: 10561: 10560: 10559: 10549: 10544: 10543: 10542: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10522: 10517: 10509: 10508: 10507: 10502: 10497: 10489: 10488: 10487: 10482: 10477: 10466: 10464: 10460: 10459: 10457: 10456: 10455: 10454: 10447:Pre-Romanesque 10444: 10439: 10438: 10437: 10432: 10427: 10422: 10417: 10407: 10406: 10405: 10400: 10392: 10387: 10381: 10379: 10377:1st millennium 10373: 10372: 10370: 10369: 10368: 10367: 10357: 10356: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10335: 10330: 10329: 10328: 10323: 10315: 10310: 10305: 10299: 10297: 10291: 10290: 10288: 10287: 10282: 10276: 10273: 10272: 10265: 10264: 10257: 10250: 10242: 10233: 10232: 10230: 10229: 10217: 10205: 10192: 10189: 10188: 10186: 10185: 10180: 10179: 10178: 10173: 10168: 10158: 10153: 10148: 10142: 10140: 10136: 10135: 10133: 10132: 10127: 10126: 10125: 10120: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10094: 10092: 10091:Gothic Revival 10088: 10087: 10085: 10084: 10079: 10068: 10066: 10062: 10061: 10059: 10058: 10053: 10048: 10043: 10038: 10033: 10028: 10018: 10007: 10005: 10001: 10000: 9998: 9997: 9996: 9995: 9990: 9985: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9954: 9953: 9948: 9938: 9937: 9936: 9926: 9921: 9916: 9910: 9908: 9902: 9901: 9894: 9893: 9886: 9879: 9871: 9862: 9861: 9859: 9858: 9853: 9848: 9843: 9838: 9833: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9813: 9808: 9803: 9798: 9793: 9788: 9783: 9778: 9773: 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9748: 9743: 9741:Lolita fashion 9738: 9733: 9728: 9723: 9718: 9713: 9708: 9706:Horror fiction 9703: 9698: 9693: 9688: 9683: 9678: 9673: 9668: 9663: 9658: 9653: 9648: 9643: 9638: 9633: 9627: 9625: 9621: 9620: 9618: 9617: 9612: 9607: 9605:Gothic Western 9602: 9597: 9592: 9587: 9582: 9577: 9572: 9571: 9570: 9560: 9558:Gothic fashion 9555: 9554: 9553: 9548: 9537: 9535: 9534:music and film 9529: 9528: 9526: 9525: 9520: 9515: 9510: 9505: 9500: 9495: 9493:New Gothic Art 9489: 9487: 9481: 9480: 9478: 9477: 9472: 9471: 9470: 9469: 9468: 9463: 9453: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9413: 9411:Gothic fiction 9408: 9403: 9398: 9392: 9390: 9386: 9385: 9383: 9382: 9381: 9380: 9370: 9365: 9360: 9359: 9358: 9353: 9348: 9343: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9323: 9318: 9313: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9293: 9288: 9283: 9272: 9270: 9266: 9265: 9263: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9247: 9242: 9240:Crimean Gothic 9236: 9234: 9230: 9229: 9224: 9223: 9216: 9209: 9201: 9195: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9178: 9171: 9170:External links 9168: 9167: 9166: 9148: 9138: 9123: 9108: 9102: 9093: 9090: 9088: 9087: 9081: 9068: 9062: 9047: 9033: 9018: 8999: 8993: 8971: 8965: 8950: 8944: 8929: 8915: 8902: 8888: 8873: 8859: 8844: 8825: 8819: 8803: 8797: 8774: 8760: 8738: 8721: 8715: 8688: 8682: 8669: 8663: 8650: 8628: 8606: 8592: 8577: 8563: 8553:. Oxford, UK: 8541: 8535: 8522: 8508: 8493: 8474: 8460: 8441: 8435: 8420: 8414: 8392: 8386: 8371: 8365: 8350: 8339: 8333: 8320: 8314: 8301: 8289: 8261: 8255: 8242: 8236: 8218:Harries, Susie 8214: 8195: 8181: 8163: 8157: 8144: 8130: 8115: 8109: 8096: 8076: 8062:"Ewart, David" 8057: 8051: 8036: 8017: 8011: 7991: 7985: 7970: 7964: 7948: 7934: 7915: 7909: 7891: 7867: 7861: 7843: 7837: 7823:Clark, Kenneth 7819: 7813: 7798: 7792: 7763: 7749: 7734: 7720: 7705: 7691: 7676: 7670: 7655: 7649: 7636: 7630: 7617:Worcestershire 7610:Brooks, Alan; 7607: 7590: 7584: 7571: 7557: 7542: 7536: 7518: 7504: 7491: 7472: 7458: 7439: 7433: 7424:Gothic Revival 7418: 7412: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7388: 7387: 7375: 7373:, p. 163. 7363: 7351: 7347:Hitchcock 1968 7339: 7335:Hitchcock 1968 7327: 7325:, p. 100. 7323:Hitchcock 1968 7312: 7300: 7298:, p. 451. 7288: 7276: 7274:, p. 191. 7264: 7252: 7250:, p. 111. 7240: 7228: 7216: 7204: 7192: 7170: 7144: 7117: 7094: 7082: 7060: 7038: 7007: 6993: 6971: 6949: 6937: 6911: 6909:, p. 119. 6899: 6897:, p. 121. 6887: 6885:, p. 117. 6875: 6849: 6826: 6800: 6788: 6762: 6750: 6724: 6712: 6700: 6698:, p. 133. 6688: 6676: 6664: 6660:Hitchcock 1968 6652: 6626: 6614: 6599:Brown, Jenny. 6591: 6568: 6542: 6515: 6489: 6463: 6436: 6406: 6394: 6368: 6350: 6320: 6298: 6276: 6274:, p. 187. 6272:Hitchcock 1968 6264: 6251:10.2307/991590 6229: 6214: 6188: 6166: 6136: 6122: 6102: 6072: 6058: 6038: 6027:. Central Park 6012: 5981: 5969: 5943: 5917: 5905: 5893: 5891:, p. 154. 5881: 5869: 5857: 5855:, p. 611. 5845: 5814: 5802: 5776: 5754: 5752:, p. 141. 5742: 5730: 5728:, p. 327. 5718: 5706: 5704:, p. 152. 5694: 5692:, p. 362. 5682: 5680:, p. 160. 5670: 5668:, p. 343. 5658: 5646: 5644:, p. 221. 5634: 5632:, p. 317. 5622: 5620:, p. 219. 5610: 5598: 5586: 5564: 5552: 5550:, p. 199. 5540: 5538:, p. 372. 5528: 5516: 5505:. Parks Canada 5490: 5464: 5438: 5416: 5390: 5378: 5366: 5354: 5352:, p. 115. 5339: 5327: 5325:, p. 154. 5315: 5311:Hitchcock 1968 5298: 5296:, p. 152. 5286: 5274: 5270:Tuleshkov 2007 5262: 5240: 5214: 5188: 5166: 5139: 5117: 5087: 5065: 5063:, p. 152. 5053: 5041: 5019: 5007: 4995: 4993:, p. 108. 4983: 4958: 4944: 4927: 4915: 4900: 4873: 4854: 4852:, p. 416. 4850:Lowenthal 2015 4842: 4816: 4789: 4767: 4755: 4725: 4711: 4699: 4687: 4675: 4673:, p. 233. 4663: 4651: 4649:, p. 224. 4647:Lindfield 2016 4639: 4627: 4609: 4584: 4580:Lindfield 2016 4572: 4544: 4518: 4506: 4494: 4492:, p. 174. 4482: 4456: 4454:, p. 100. 4444: 4440:McWilliam 1978 4432: 4430:, p. 744. 4420: 4418:, p. 529. 4408: 4406:, p. 161. 4396: 4384: 4372: 4360: 4329: 4298: 4267: 4255: 4253:, p. 339. 4240: 4228: 4226:, p. 140. 4216: 4175: 4149: 4127: 4105: 4103:, p. 117. 4093: 4062: 4040: 4028: 3997: 3966: 3944: 3932: 3913: 3911:, p. 165. 3901: 3899:, p. 163. 3889: 3887:, p. 127. 3877: 3865: 3835: 3833:, p. 383. 3820: 3794: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3735: 3704: 3686: 3665: 3647: 3635:William Burges 3627: 3623:Crystal Palace 3610: 3591: 3578: 3565: 3548: 3530: 3513: 3503: 3484: 3471:Thomas Rickman 3463: 3442: 3421: 3411: 3394: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3328: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3297: 3295: 3292: 3290: 3287: 3286: 3285: 3271: 3264: 3262: 3251: 3244: 3242: 3228: 3221: 3219: 3196: 3189: 3185: 3182: 3181: 3180: 3174: 3167: 3165: 3155: 3148: 3146: 3136: 3129: 3127: 3121: 3114: 3112: 3102: 3095: 3093: 3083: 3076: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3067: 3061: 3054: 3052: 3046: 3039: 3037: 3031: 3024: 3022: 3016: 3009: 3007: 3001: 2994: 2992: 2986: 2979: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2962: 2956: 2949: 2945: 2942: 2941: 2940: 2930: 2923: 2921: 2907: 2900: 2898: 2894:Rio de Janeiro 2888: 2881: 2879: 2869: 2862: 2860: 2853: 2846: 2844: 2834: 2827: 2825: 2815: 2808: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2793: 2786: 2784: 2774: 2767: 2765: 2755: 2748: 2746: 2740: 2733: 2731: 2717: 2710: 2708: 2694: 2687: 2683: 2680: 2679: 2678: 2670:De Haar Castle 2668: 2661: 2659: 2653: 2646: 2644: 2636:Sturdza Palace 2634: 2627: 2625: 2619: 2612: 2610: 2602:Rossio Station 2600: 2593: 2591: 2585: 2578: 2576: 2566: 2559: 2557: 2547: 2540: 2538: 2532: 2525: 2523: 2513: 2506: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2448:Slade Lectures 2423: 2420: 2279: 2276: 2274:in Argentina. 2240:Gustave Eiffel 2224:Joachim Grassi 2165:summer capital 2145:Indo-Saracenic 2137:British Empire 2110: 2107: 2095:MacLaurin Hall 2091:Edmund Blacket 1985: 1982: 1937:Main article: 1934: 1931: 1893:Boston College 1811:Main article: 1808: 1805: 1769:Crystal Palace 1704: 1701: 1676:William Burges 1588:Anglo-Catholic 1579: 1576: 1556:Foreign Office 1524:industrialised 1475: 1472: 1429:Windsor Castle 1421:A. W. N. Pugin 1414:Augustus Pugin 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1289:Edward Calvert 1273:machicolations 1256:Scots baronial 1074:Théodore Ballu 942: 939: 872:Louis-Philippe 821:, created for 807:Main article: 804: 801: 739:Thomas Rickman 716:Culzean Castle 692:Duke of Argyll 657:Horace Walpole 641:and architect 626:Horace Walpole 616: 615: 606: 605: 597: 596: 595: 594: 593: 575: 572: 548:Central Europe 517:Carlo Rainaldi 487:Czech Republic 471: 468: 392:Lambeth Palace 349: 346: 344:and in Spain. 299: 296: 268:Horace Walpole 199:Augustus Pugin 195:Thomas Carlyle 171:evangelicalism 166: 163: 114:Anglo-Catholic 91:lancet windows 62:Gothic Revival 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15170: 15159: 15156: 15154: 15151: 15149: 15146: 15144: 15141: 15139: 15136: 15134: 15131: 15130: 15128: 15113: 15110: 15108: 15105: 15104: 15102: 15098: 15092: 15089: 15087: 15084: 15082: 15079: 15077: 15074: 15072: 15071:San Francisco 15069: 15067: 15064: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15046:New York City 15044: 15042: 15039: 15037: 15034: 15032: 15029: 15027: 15024: 15022: 15019: 15017: 15014: 15012: 15009: 15007: 15004: 15002: 14999: 14997: 14994: 14992: 14989: 14987: 14984: 14982: 14979: 14978: 14976: 14972: 14966: 14963: 14961: 14958: 14956: 14953: 14951: 14948: 14946: 14943: 14941: 14938: 14936: 14933: 14931: 14928: 14926: 14923: 14921: 14920:Shotgun house 14918: 14916: 14913: 14911: 14908: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14896: 14893: 14891: 14888: 14886: 14883: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14866: 14863: 14861: 14858: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14836: 14835:Dogtrot house 14833: 14831: 14828: 14826: 14825:Cowboy church 14823: 14821: 14818: 14816: 14813: 14811: 14808: 14806: 14803: 14801: 14798: 14796: 14793: 14792: 14790: 14786: 14780: 14777: 14775: 14772: 14770: 14767: 14765: 14762: 14760: 14757: 14755: 14752: 14750: 14747: 14745: 14742: 14740: 14737: 14735: 14732: 14730: 14727: 14725: 14722: 14720: 14717: 14715: 14712: 14710: 14707: 14705: 14702: 14700: 14697: 14696: 14694: 14690: 14684: 14683:Tudor Revival 14681: 14679: 14676: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14656: 14654: 14651: 14647: 14644: 14643: 14642: 14639: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14626:Mayan Revival 14624: 14622: 14619: 14617: 14614: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14597: 14594: 14592: 14589: 14587: 14584: 14582: 14579: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14566: 14562: 14559: 14558: 14556: 14550: 14544: 14541: 14539: 14536: 14534: 14531: 14529: 14526: 14524: 14521: 14519: 14518:Second Empire 14516: 14514: 14511: 14510: 14508: 14506: 14502: 14496: 14493: 14491: 14488: 14486: 14485:Greek Revival 14483: 14482: 14480: 14476: 14468: 14465: 14464: 14463: 14460: 14458: 14455: 14453: 14450: 14448: 14445: 14444: 14442: 14438: 14430: 14427: 14426: 14425: 14422: 14420: 14417: 14415: 14412: 14410: 14407: 14405: 14402: 14400: 14397: 14395: 14392: 14391: 14389: 14387: 14383: 14377: 14374: 14370: 14367: 14366: 14365: 14362: 14361: 14359: 14355: 14351: 14344: 14339: 14337: 14332: 14330: 14325: 14324: 14321: 14310: 14309: 14298: 14297: 14291: 14290: 14281: 14275: 14274: 14270: 14266: 14263: 14261: 14258: 14257: 14256: 14253: 14251: 14248: 14246: 14243: 14241: 14238: 14236: 14233: 14231: 14228: 14226: 14223: 14221: 14218: 14216: 14213: 14211: 14208: 14206: 14203: 14201: 14198: 14196: 14193: 14191: 14188: 14187: 14185: 14181: 14175: 14172: 14170: 14167: 14165: 14162: 14160: 14157: 14155: 14152: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14130: 14127: 14125: 14122: 14120: 14117: 14115: 14112: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14095: 14092: 14090: 14087: 14085: 14082: 14081: 14079: 14077: 14073: 14067: 14064: 14062: 14059: 14057: 14054: 14052: 14049: 14047: 14044: 14042: 14039: 14037: 14034: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13974: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13959: 13957: 13954: 13952: 13949: 13947: 13944: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13934: 13932: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13892: 13889: 13887: 13884: 13882: 13879: 13877: 13874: 13872: 13869: 13867: 13864: 13862: 13859: 13857: 13854: 13852: 13849: 13847: 13844: 13842: 13839: 13837: 13834: 13832: 13829: 13828: 13826: 13824: 13820: 13814: 13811: 13809: 13806: 13804: 13801: 13799: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13774: 13771: 13769: 13766: 13764: 13761: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13736: 13734: 13731: 13729: 13726: 13724: 13721: 13719: 13716: 13714: 13711: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13689: 13686: 13684: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13674: 13671: 13669: 13666: 13664: 13661: 13659: 13656: 13654: 13651: 13650: 13648: 13646: 13642: 13632: 13629: 13627: 13624: 13622: 13619: 13617: 13614: 13612: 13609: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13593: 13591: 13587: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13562: 13560: 13556: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13486: 13484: 13480: 13474: 13471: 13469: 13466: 13464: 13461: 13459: 13456: 13454: 13451: 13449: 13446: 13444: 13441: 13439: 13436: 13435: 13433: 13429: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13408: 13405: 13403: 13400: 13398: 13395: 13393: 13390: 13388: 13385: 13384: 13382: 13378: 13372: 13369: 13367: 13364: 13362: 13359: 13357: 13354: 13352: 13349: 13347: 13344: 13343: 13341: 13337: 13331: 13328: 13326: 13323: 13321: 13318: 13316: 13313: 13311: 13308: 13306: 13303: 13301: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13252: 13250: 13246: 13240: 13237: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13225: 13222: 13220: 13217: 13215: 13212: 13210: 13207: 13205: 13202: 13200: 13197: 13196: 13194: 13190: 13184: 13181: 13179: 13176: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13161: 13160: 13158: 13154: 13148: 13145: 13143: 13140: 13138: 13135: 13133: 13130: 13128: 13125: 13123: 13120: 13118: 13115: 13114: 13112: 13108: 13105: 13103: 13099: 13089: 13086: 13084: 13081: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13041: 13039: 13036: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13016: 13014: 13011: 13009: 13006: 13004: 13003:Nikolai Gogol 13001: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12981: 12979: 12976: 12974: 12971: 12969: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12959: 12956: 12954: 12951: 12950: 12948: 12944: 12938: 12935: 12933: 12930: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12918: 12915: 12913: 12910: 12908: 12905: 12903: 12900: 12898: 12895: 12894: 12892: 12888: 12882: 12879: 12877: 12874: 12872: 12869: 12867: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12844: 12843: 12841: 12837: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12802: 12800: 12796: 12790: 12787: 12785: 12782: 12780: 12777: 12775: 12772: 12770: 12767: 12765: 12762: 12761: 12759: 12755: 12749: 12746: 12744: 12741: 12739: 12736: 12734: 12731: 12729: 12726: 12724: 12721: 12719: 12716: 12715: 12713: 12709: 12703: 12700: 12698: 12695: 12693: 12690: 12688: 12685: 12683: 12680: 12678: 12675: 12673: 12670: 12668: 12665: 12663: 12660: 12659: 12657: 12655: 12651: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12634:P. B. Shelley 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12614:Mary Robinson 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12567: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12532: 12531: 12529: 12527: 12521: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12467: 12465: 12462: 12460: 12457: 12455: 12452: 12450: 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12425: 12422: 12420: 12417: 12415: 12412: 12410: 12407: 12406: 12404: 12400: 12394: 12391: 12389: 12386: 12384: 12381: 12379: 12376: 12374: 12371: 12369: 12366: 12364: 12361: 12359: 12356: 12354: 12351: 12349: 12346: 12344: 12343:Chateaubriand 12341: 12339: 12336: 12334: 12331: 12330: 12328: 12326: 12322: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12247: 12245: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12232: 12226: 12223: 12221: 12220: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12199: 12196: 12194: 12191: 12189: 12186: 12184: 12181: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12173: 12172:Mal du siècle 12169: 12167: 12164: 12160: 12157: 12155: 12152: 12151: 12150: 12147: 12145: 12142: 12140: 12139: 12135: 12133: 12130: 12128: 12125: 12124: 12122: 12118: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12091: 12087: 12085: 12082: 12078: 12077: 12073: 12072: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12038: 12036: 12033: 12031: 12028: 12026: 12023: 12021: 12018: 12016: 12013: 12011: 12008: 12006: 12003: 12001: 11998: 11996: 11993: 11992: 11990: 11986: 11980: 11977: 11975: 11972: 11970: 11967: 11965: 11962: 11960: 11957: 11955: 11952: 11950: 11947: 11945: 11942: 11940: 11937: 11934: 11932: 11929: 11927: 11924: 11923: 11921: 11917: 11913: 11906: 11901: 11899: 11894: 11892: 11887: 11886: 11883: 11871: 11868: 11866: 11863: 11861: 11858: 11856: 11853: 11851: 11848: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11825:Federal style 11823: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11802: 11800: 11798:United States 11796: 11790: 11787: 11786: 11784: 11780: 11774: 11771: 11770: 11768: 11764: 11758: 11755: 11753: 11750: 11748: 11745: 11743: 11742:Neo-Byzantine 11740: 11739: 11737: 11733: 11727: 11724: 11723: 11721: 11717: 11711: 11708: 11707: 11705: 11701: 11695: 11692: 11690: 11687: 11685: 11684:Neo-Manueline 11682: 11681: 11679: 11675: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11659: 11656: 11654: 11651: 11650: 11648: 11644: 11638: 11635: 11634: 11632: 11628: 11622: 11619: 11617: 11614: 11613: 11611: 11607: 11601: 11598: 11597: 11595: 11591: 11585: 11581: 11580:Tudor Revival 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11561: 11558: 11556: 11555:Neo-Palladian 11553: 11551: 11548: 11544:British India 11543: 11542: 11541: 11538: 11536: 11533: 11531: 11528: 11526: 11523: 11521: 11518: 11516: 11513: 11512: 11510: 11508:Great Britain 11506: 11500: 11499:Rundbogenstil 11497: 11495: 11492: 11490: 11487: 11485: 11482: 11480: 11477: 11475: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11465: 11459: 11456: 11454: 11451: 11449: 11446: 11444: 11441: 11439: 11436: 11434: 11433:Neoclassicism 11431: 11429: 11426: 11424: 11421: 11419: 11416: 11414: 11411: 11409: 11406: 11404: 11401: 11400: 11398: 11394: 11388: 11385: 11383: 11380: 11378: 11375: 11371: 11368: 11366: 11363: 11361: 11358: 11357: 11355: 11353: 11350: 11348: 11345: 11341: 11340:Palazzo style 11338: 11336: 11333: 11331: 11328: 11327: 11326: 11323: 11321: 11320:New Classical 11318: 11316: 11313: 11311: 11308: 11306: 11305:Mayan Revival 11303: 11301: 11297: 11296:Greek Revival 11294: 11292: 11289: 11287: 11284: 11282: 11279: 11277: 11274: 11272: 11271:Neo-Byzantine 11269: 11267: 11264: 11262: 11259: 11257: 11254: 11252: 11249: 11247: 11244: 11243: 11241: 11239:International 11237: 11232: 11228: 11221: 11216: 11214: 11209: 11207: 11202: 11201: 11198: 11186: 11183: 11181: 11178: 11176: 11173: 11171: 11168: 11166: 11163: 11159: 11156: 11155: 11154: 11151: 11149: 11146: 11144: 11141: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11129: 11128: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11113: 11111: 11107: 11101: 11098: 11096: 11095:New Classical 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11082: 11080: 11076: 11070: 11067: 11065: 11062: 11060: 11057: 11055: 11052: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11039:Structuralism 11037: 11035: 11032: 11031: 11029: 11025: 11019: 11016: 11014: 11011: 11009: 11006: 11004: 11001: 10999: 10996: 10994: 10991: 10989: 10986: 10984: 10983:Functionalism 10981: 10979: 10976: 10972: 10969: 10967: 10964: 10962: 10959: 10958: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10947: 10944: 10942: 10939: 10937: 10934: 10932: 10929: 10925: 10922: 10921: 10920: 10919:Expressionism 10917: 10915: 10912: 10910: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10896: 10894: 10890: 10882: 10879: 10877: 10874: 10872: 10871:Liberty style 10869: 10867: 10864: 10863: 10862: 10859: 10855: 10852: 10850: 10847: 10845: 10842: 10840: 10837: 10835: 10832: 10830: 10827: 10823: 10820: 10818: 10815: 10814: 10812: 10810: 10807: 10805: 10804:Neo-Manueline 10802: 10800: 10797: 10793: 10790: 10788: 10785: 10783: 10780: 10779: 10778: 10777:Monumentalism 10775: 10773: 10770: 10768: 10767:Mediterranean 10765: 10763: 10760: 10758: 10755: 10753: 10750: 10748: 10745: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10732: 10731: 10728: 10727: 10726: 10723: 10719: 10716: 10715: 10714: 10711: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10638: 10637: 10634: 10633: 10631: 10627: 10621: 10618: 10616: 10613: 10611: 10608: 10606: 10603: 10601: 10598: 10596: 10593: 10592: 10590: 10586: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10565: 10562: 10558: 10555: 10554: 10553: 10550: 10548: 10547:Romano-Gothic 10545: 10541: 10538: 10536: 10533: 10531: 10528: 10526: 10523: 10521: 10518: 10516: 10513: 10512: 10510: 10506: 10503: 10501: 10498: 10496: 10493: 10492: 10490: 10486: 10483: 10481: 10478: 10476: 10473: 10472: 10471: 10468: 10467: 10465: 10461: 10453: 10450: 10449: 10448: 10445: 10443: 10440: 10436: 10433: 10431: 10428: 10426: 10423: 10421: 10418: 10416: 10413: 10412: 10411: 10408: 10404: 10401: 10399: 10396: 10395: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10382: 10380: 10378: 10374: 10366: 10363: 10362: 10361: 10358: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10348:Ancient Roman 10346: 10344: 10343:Ancient Greek 10341: 10340: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10327: 10324: 10322: 10319: 10318: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10300: 10298: 10296: 10292: 10286: 10283: 10281: 10278: 10277: 10274: 10270: 10263: 10258: 10256: 10251: 10249: 10244: 10243: 10240: 10228: 10227: 10222: 10218: 10216: 10215: 10206: 10204: 10203: 10194: 10193: 10190: 10184: 10181: 10177: 10174: 10172: 10169: 10167: 10164: 10163: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10152: 10149: 10147: 10144: 10143: 10141: 10137: 10131: 10128: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10115: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10095: 10093: 10089: 10083: 10080: 10077: 10073: 10070: 10069: 10067: 10063: 10057: 10054: 10052: 10049: 10047: 10044: 10042: 10039: 10037: 10034: 10032: 10029: 10026: 10025:Romano-Gothic 10022: 10019: 10016: 10012: 10009: 10008: 10006: 10002: 9994: 9991: 9989: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9980: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9963:Low Countries 9961: 9959: 9956: 9952: 9949: 9947: 9944: 9943: 9942: 9939: 9935: 9932: 9931: 9930: 9927: 9925: 9922: 9920: 9917: 9915: 9912: 9911: 9909: 9903: 9899: 9892: 9887: 9885: 9880: 9878: 9873: 9872: 9869: 9857: 9854: 9852: 9851:Weird fiction 9849: 9847: 9844: 9842: 9839: 9837: 9834: 9832: 9829: 9827: 9824: 9822: 9819: 9817: 9814: 9812: 9809: 9807: 9804: 9802: 9799: 9797: 9794: 9792: 9789: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9781:Neo-Victorian 9779: 9777: 9774: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9756:Mal du siècle 9754: 9752: 9751:Magic realism 9749: 9747: 9744: 9742: 9739: 9737: 9734: 9732: 9729: 9727: 9724: 9722: 9719: 9717: 9714: 9712: 9709: 9707: 9704: 9702: 9699: 9697: 9694: 9692: 9689: 9687: 9684: 9682: 9679: 9677: 9674: 9672: 9669: 9667: 9664: 9662: 9659: 9657: 9654: 9652: 9649: 9647: 9644: 9642: 9641:Danse Macabre 9639: 9637: 9634: 9632: 9629: 9628: 9626: 9622: 9616: 9613: 9611: 9608: 9606: 9603: 9601: 9598: 9596: 9593: 9591: 9588: 9586: 9583: 9581: 9578: 9576: 9573: 9569: 9566: 9565: 9564: 9561: 9559: 9556: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9543: 9542: 9539: 9538: 9536: 9530: 9524: 9521: 9519: 9516: 9514: 9511: 9509: 9506: 9504: 9501: 9499: 9498:Raygun Gothic 9496: 9494: 9491: 9490: 9488: 9482: 9476: 9473: 9467: 9464: 9462: 9459: 9458: 9457: 9454: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9441:Neo-Manueline 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9418: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9393: 9391: 9387: 9379: 9376: 9375: 9374: 9371: 9369: 9366: 9364: 9361: 9357: 9354: 9352: 9349: 9347: 9344: 9342: 9339: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9327: 9324: 9322: 9319: 9317: 9314: 9312: 9309: 9307: 9304: 9302: 9299: 9297: 9294: 9292: 9289: 9287: 9284: 9282: 9279: 9278: 9277: 9274: 9273: 9271: 9269:Late medieval 9267: 9261: 9258: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9248: 9246: 9243: 9241: 9238: 9237: 9235: 9231: 9222: 9217: 9215: 9210: 9208: 9203: 9202: 9199: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9182: 9179: 9177: 9174: 9173: 9164: 9160: 9156: 9152: 9149: 9146: 9142: 9139: 9136: 9135:0-670-58216-6 9132: 9128: 9124: 9121: 9120:0-614-14120-6 9117: 9113: 9109: 9106: 9103: 9100: 9096: 9095: 9084: 9082:9780415029926 9078: 9074: 9069: 9065: 9063:9780300097337 9059: 9055: 9054: 9048: 9044: 9040: 9036: 9030: 9026: 9025: 9019: 9015: 9011: 9007: 9006: 9000: 8996: 8990: 8986: 8982: 8981: 8976: 8972: 8968: 8962: 8958: 8957: 8951: 8947: 8941: 8937: 8936: 8930: 8926: 8922: 8918: 8912: 8908: 8903: 8899: 8895: 8891: 8885: 8881: 8880: 8874: 8870: 8866: 8862: 8856: 8852: 8851: 8845: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8832: 8826: 8822: 8820:0-7190-4020-5 8816: 8812: 8808: 8804: 8800: 8794: 8790: 8786: 8785: 8780: 8775: 8771: 8767: 8763: 8757: 8753: 8749: 8748: 8743: 8739: 8735: 8731: 8727: 8722: 8718: 8712: 8708: 8704: 8700: 8696: 8695: 8689: 8685: 8679: 8675: 8670: 8666: 8660: 8656: 8651: 8647: 8643: 8639: 8638: 8633: 8629: 8625: 8621: 8617: 8616: 8611: 8607: 8603: 8599: 8595: 8589: 8585: 8584: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8560: 8556: 8552: 8551: 8546: 8542: 8538: 8532: 8528: 8523: 8519: 8515: 8511: 8505: 8501: 8500: 8494: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8481: 8475: 8471: 8467: 8463: 8457: 8453: 8449: 8448: 8442: 8438: 8432: 8428: 8427: 8421: 8417: 8411: 8407: 8403: 8402: 8397: 8393: 8389: 8387:81-7508-329-8 8383: 8379: 8378: 8377:Bombay Gothic 8372: 8368: 8362: 8358: 8357: 8351: 8347: 8346: 8340: 8336: 8330: 8326: 8321: 8317: 8311: 8307: 8302: 8298: 8297: 8290: 8286: 8282: 8278: 8277:Penguin Books 8274: 8270: 8266: 8262: 8258: 8252: 8248: 8243: 8239: 8233: 8229: 8225: 8224: 8219: 8215: 8211: 8207: 8203: 8202: 8196: 8192: 8188: 8184: 8178: 8174: 8173: 8168: 8164: 8160: 8154: 8150: 8145: 8141: 8137: 8133: 8127: 8123: 8122: 8116: 8112: 8106: 8102: 8097: 8093: 8089: 8085: 8081: 8077: 8073: 8069: 8068: 8063: 8058: 8054: 8048: 8044: 8043: 8037: 8033: 8029: 8025: 8024: 8018: 8014: 8008: 8004: 8001:. Cambridge: 8000: 7996: 7992: 7988: 7982: 7978: 7977: 7971: 7967: 7961: 7957: 7953: 7949: 7945: 7941: 7937: 7931: 7927: 7923: 7922: 7916: 7912: 7906: 7902: 7901: 7896: 7892: 7880: 7873: 7868: 7864: 7858: 7854: 7853: 7848: 7847:Cooke, Robert 7844: 7840: 7834: 7830: 7829: 7824: 7820: 7816: 7810: 7806: 7805: 7799: 7795: 7793:9780300096538 7789: 7785: 7781: 7776: 7775: 7769: 7764: 7760: 7756: 7752: 7746: 7742: 7741: 7735: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7717: 7713: 7712: 7706: 7702: 7698: 7694: 7688: 7684: 7683: 7677: 7673: 7667: 7663: 7662: 7656: 7652: 7646: 7642: 7637: 7633: 7627: 7623: 7619: 7618: 7613: 7608: 7604: 7600: 7596: 7591: 7587: 7581: 7577: 7572: 7568: 7564: 7560: 7554: 7550: 7549: 7543: 7539: 7533: 7529: 7528: 7523: 7519: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7501: 7497: 7492: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7479: 7473: 7469: 7465: 7461: 7455: 7451: 7447: 7446: 7440: 7436: 7430: 7426: 7425: 7419: 7415: 7409: 7405: 7404: 7398: 7397: 7384: 7379: 7372: 7367: 7360: 7359:Ferriday 1963 7355: 7349:, p. 96. 7348: 7343: 7337:, p. 95. 7336: 7331: 7324: 7319: 7317: 7309: 7308:Steegman 1970 7304: 7297: 7292: 7285: 7280: 7273: 7268: 7262:, p. 91. 7261: 7256: 7249: 7244: 7237: 7236:Steegman 1970 7232: 7226:, p. 11. 7225: 7220: 7213: 7208: 7201: 7200:Eastlake 2012 7196: 7180: 7174: 7158: 7154: 7148: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7121: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7098: 7092:, p. 21. 7091: 7090:Bartlett 2001 7086: 7070: 7064: 7048: 7042: 7027: 7026: 7021: 7017: 7011: 7003: 6997: 6981: 6975: 6959: 6953: 6946: 6941: 6925: 6921: 6915: 6908: 6903: 6896: 6891: 6884: 6879: 6863: 6859: 6853: 6837: 6830: 6815: 6811: 6804: 6797: 6792: 6776: 6772: 6766: 6759: 6754: 6738: 6734: 6728: 6722:, p. 75. 6721: 6716: 6709: 6704: 6697: 6692: 6686:, p. 31. 6685: 6680: 6674:, p. 22. 6673: 6668: 6662:, p. 97. 6661: 6656: 6640: 6636: 6630: 6624:, p. 38. 6623: 6622:Finnerty 2001 6618: 6602: 6595: 6579: 6576:Ruwolt, Jon. 6572: 6556: 6552: 6546: 6530: 6529:teara.govt.nz 6526: 6519: 6503: 6499: 6493: 6477: 6473: 6467: 6451: 6450:teara.govt.nz 6447: 6440: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6410: 6403: 6398: 6382: 6378: 6372: 6364: 6360: 6354: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6324: 6308: 6302: 6286: 6280: 6273: 6268: 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6233: 6226: 6221: 6219: 6202: 6198: 6192: 6176: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6140: 6125: 6123:9780195335798 6119: 6115: 6114: 6106: 6090: 6083: 6076: 6061: 6055: 6051: 6050: 6042: 6026: 6022: 6016: 6001: 6000: 5995: 5991: 5985: 5979:, p. 34. 5978: 5973: 5957: 5953: 5947: 5931: 5927: 5921: 5915:, p. 37. 5914: 5909: 5903:, p. 17. 5902: 5897: 5890: 5885: 5879:, p. 35. 5878: 5873: 5867:, p. 18. 5866: 5861: 5854: 5849: 5834: 5833: 5828: 5824: 5818: 5811: 5806: 5790: 5786: 5780: 5764: 5758: 5751: 5750:Eastlake 2012 5746: 5739: 5734: 5727: 5722: 5715: 5710: 5703: 5698: 5691: 5686: 5679: 5674: 5667: 5662: 5656:, p. ix. 5655: 5650: 5643: 5638: 5631: 5626: 5619: 5614: 5607: 5602: 5595: 5590: 5574: 5568: 5561: 5556: 5549: 5544: 5537: 5532: 5525: 5520: 5504: 5500: 5494: 5478: 5474: 5468: 5452: 5448: 5442: 5426: 5420: 5404: 5400: 5394: 5387: 5382: 5375: 5370: 5363: 5358: 5351: 5346: 5344: 5336: 5331: 5324: 5319: 5313:, p. 94. 5312: 5307: 5305: 5303: 5295: 5290: 5283: 5278: 5271: 5266: 5250: 5244: 5228: 5224: 5218: 5202: 5198: 5192: 5176: 5170: 5154: 5150: 5143: 5127: 5121: 5105: 5101: 5100:domplatz-5.de 5097: 5091: 5075: 5069: 5062: 5057: 5050: 5045: 5029: 5023: 5016: 5011: 5004: 4999: 4992: 4987: 4972: 4968: 4962: 4954: 4948: 4942:, p. 96. 4941: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4925:, p. 19. 4924: 4919: 4913:, p. 54. 4912: 4907: 4905: 4888: 4884: 4877: 4869: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4846: 4830: 4826: 4820: 4804: 4800: 4793: 4777: 4771: 4765:, p. 15. 4764: 4763:Bartlett 2001 4759: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4729: 4721: 4715: 4708: 4703: 4697:, p. 72. 4696: 4691: 4684: 4683:Chadenet 2001 4679: 4672: 4667: 4660: 4655: 4648: 4643: 4637:, p. 14. 4636: 4635:Bartlett 2001 4631: 4623: 4622:www.vam.ac.uk 4619: 4613: 4598: 4594: 4588: 4582:, p. 78. 4581: 4576: 4561: 4559: 4554: 4548: 4532: 4525: 4523: 4516:, p. 47. 4515: 4510: 4504:, p. 25. 4503: 4498: 4491: 4490:Macaulay 1975 4486: 4470: 4466: 4460: 4453: 4448: 4441: 4436: 4429: 4424: 4417: 4412: 4405: 4400: 4393: 4388: 4381: 4376: 4370:, p. 14. 4369: 4364: 4349: 4348: 4343: 4339: 4333: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4308: 4302: 4287: 4286: 4281: 4277: 4271: 4265:, p. 20. 4264: 4259: 4252: 4247: 4245: 4237: 4232: 4225: 4220: 4212: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4179: 4163: 4159: 4153: 4137: 4131: 4115: 4109: 4102: 4097: 4082: 4081: 4076: 4072: 4066: 4050: 4044: 4038:, p. 31. 4037: 4036:Macaulay 1975 4032: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4007: 4001: 3986: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3970: 3954: 3948: 3941: 3936: 3928: 3924: 3917: 3910: 3905: 3898: 3893: 3886: 3881: 3874: 3869: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3839: 3832: 3827: 3825: 3808: 3804: 3798: 3791: 3786: 3782: 3768: 3764: 3763:Keble College 3760: 3756: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3739: 3732: 3728: 3726: 3721: 3717: 3716:Keble College 3713: 3712:Kenneth Clark 3708: 3700: 3696: 3690: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3661: 3657: 3651: 3644: 3640: 3636: 3631: 3624: 3620: 3619:Joseph Paxton 3614: 3607: 3606: 3602:(1854–1868) ( 3601: 3595: 3589:is unfounded. 3588: 3582: 3575: 3569: 3562: 3558: 3552: 3544: 3540: 3534: 3527: 3523: 3517: 3507: 3500: 3499: 3494: 3488: 3481: 3477: 3472: 3467: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3430:Lord Bathurst 3425: 3415: 3408: 3404: 3398: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3377: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3342: 3339: 3337: 3336:Tudor Revival 3334: 3332: 3329: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3321:Neo-Manueline 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3275: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3248: 3243: 3239: 3225: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3204: 3200: 3193: 3188: 3187: 3177: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3158: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3128: 3124: 3118: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3080: 3075: 3074: 3064: 3058: 3053: 3049: 3043: 3038: 3034: 3028: 3023: 3019: 3013: 3008: 3004: 2998: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2948: 2947: 2937: 2933: 2927: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2885: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2866: 2861: 2857: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2831: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2812: 2807: 2806: 2803:South America 2796: 2790: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2771: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2752: 2747: 2743: 2737: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2714: 2709: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2691: 2686: 2685: 2682:North America 2675: 2671: 2665: 2660: 2656: 2650: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2631: 2626: 2622: 2616: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2597: 2592: 2588: 2582: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2563: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2549:New Town Hall 2544: 2539: 2535: 2529: 2524: 2520: 2516: 2510: 2505: 2504: 2493: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2419: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2379:(1907–1990). 2378: 2374: 2370: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2339:Tribune Tower 2336: 2332: 2328: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2289: 2284: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2260:South America 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2196: 2194: 2190: 2189:Tudor Revival 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2173:Home counties 2170: 2169:British India 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2127: 2123: 2119: 2115: 2109:Global Gothic 2106: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2057: 2052: 2048: 2046: 2045:John Campbell 2042: 2038: 2034: 2031:, among them 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2014: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1953: 1945: 1940: 1930: 1928: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1890: 1887:(1900–1909), 1886: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1854:Abner Jackson 1851: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1762: 1758: 1753: 1749: 1746: 1742: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1714: 1709: 1700: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1679: 1677: 1674:, Barry, and 1673: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1642: 1638: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1561: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1532: 1531:Doge's Palace 1527: 1525: 1521: 1517: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1505: 1499: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1481: 1471: 1468: 1467:Charles Barry 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1415: 1411: 1410:Charles Barry 1407: 1402: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1348: 1345: 1341: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1320: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1290: 1287:(1787–1879), 1286: 1283:(1803–1876), 1282: 1279:(1789–1870), 1278: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1262: 1257: 1253: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1218: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1171:Votive Church 1168: 1164: 1160: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1081: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1004: 1000: 992: 988: 984: 982: 981: 976: 972: 968: 964: 960: 952: 947: 938: 936: 931: 927: 922: 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 900: 895: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 864: 862: 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 828: 824: 820: 817:The study at 815: 810: 800: 798: 793: 791: 787: 783: 779: 775: 771: 766: 764: 763:Perpendicular 760: 756: 755:Early English 752: 748: 744: 740: 736: 727: 723: 721: 720:Batty Langley 717: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 684: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 653: 648: 644: 640: 636: 627: 623: 619: 610: 601: 592: 589: 585: 581: 571: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 521:Gothic vaults 518: 514: 510: 505: 503: 499: 492: 488: 484: 480: 476: 467: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 409: 408:Christ Church 405: 401: 397: 393: 389: 388:Early English 385: 381: 378:In contrast, 376: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 345: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 320:began at the 319: 312: 309:, Oxford, by 308: 304: 295: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 272:bardic poetry 269: 265: 264: 259: 255: 250: 249:in Budapest. 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 215:republicanism 211: 209: 205: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 162: 160: 156: 155:Victorian era 152: 148: 144: 135: 131: 127: 122: 118: 115: 111: 107: 102: 100: 99:Western world 96: 92: 88: 84: 80: 75: 71: 67: 63: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 33: 19: 15056:Philadelphia 15016:Jacksonville 14905:Quiggly hole 14744:Neo-futurism 14739:Neo-eclectic 14699:Blobitecture 14552:Late-19th to 14494: 14462:Neoclassical 14457:Jeffersonian 14399:First Period 14301: 14294: 14287: 14271: 13991:Porto-Alegre 13645:Philosophers 13529:Rachmaninoff 12978:Chavchavadze 12968:Baratashvili 12728:João de Deus 12697:Wincenty Pol 12489:Küchelbecker 12217: 12183:Noble savage 12170: 12136: 12111:Wallenrodism 12088: 12074: 12029: 12005:Coppet group 11939:(literature) 11835:Jeffersonian 11653:Dragon style 11494:Resort style 11458:Belle Époque 11443:Empire style 11330:Châteauesque 11315:Neoclassical 11290: 11153:Mesoamerican 11100:Contemporary 11078:2000–present 11069:Neo-futurism 11049:Blobitecture 10876:Modern Style 10792:Neoclassical 10756: 10540:Indo-Islamic 10515:Great Seljuk 10500:Vijayanagara 10394:East Slavic 10308:Mesopotamian 10224: 10212: 10200: 10112: 10011:Brick Gothic 9856:Weird menace 9786:New Romantic 9766:Memento Mori 9701:Grotesquerie 9671:Frankenstein 9651:Dark fantasy 9646:Dark culture 9580:Gothic metal 9513:Space Gothic 9475:Urban Gothic 9415: 9276:Architecture 9162: 9158: 9154: 9144: 9126: 9111: 9104: 9098: 9072: 9052: 9023: 9004: 8983:. Montreal: 8979: 8955: 8934: 8906: 8878: 8849: 8830: 8810: 8807:Stamp, Gavin 8783: 8750:. New York: 8746: 8742:Ruskin, John 8725: 8693: 8673: 8654: 8636: 8614: 8582: 8549: 8526: 8498: 8479: 8446: 8425: 8400: 8376: 8355: 8344: 8324: 8305: 8294: 8268: 8246: 8222: 8200: 8171: 8148: 8120: 8100: 8083: 8065: 8041: 8022: 7998: 7975: 7955: 7920: 7899: 7883:. Retrieved 7878: 7851: 7827: 7803: 7773: 7739: 7710: 7681: 7660: 7640: 7616: 7594: 7575: 7547: 7526: 7495: 7477: 7444: 7423: 7402: 7378: 7371:Bradley 2007 7366: 7354: 7342: 7330: 7310:, p. 2. 7303: 7296:Harries 2011 7291: 7286:, p. 2. 7279: 7267: 7255: 7243: 7238:, p. v. 7231: 7219: 7214:, p. 7. 7207: 7195: 7183:. Retrieved 7173: 7161:. Retrieved 7157:the original 7147: 7139:the original 7130: 7120: 7112:the original 7107: 7097: 7085: 7073:. Retrieved 7063: 7051:. Retrieved 7041: 7029:. Retrieved 7023: 7010: 6996: 6984:. Retrieved 6974: 6962:. Retrieved 6952: 6940: 6928:. Retrieved 6924:the original 6914: 6902: 6890: 6878: 6866:. Retrieved 6862:the original 6852: 6840:. Retrieved 6829: 6817:. Retrieved 6814:Bangkok Post 6813: 6803: 6791: 6779:. Retrieved 6774: 6765: 6760:, p. 1. 6758:Metcalf 1989 6753: 6741:. Retrieved 6736: 6727: 6715: 6703: 6691: 6679: 6667: 6655: 6643:. Retrieved 6638: 6629: 6617: 6605:. Retrieved 6594: 6582:. Retrieved 6571: 6559:. Retrieved 6554: 6545: 6533:. Retrieved 6528: 6518: 6506:. Retrieved 6501: 6492: 6480:. Retrieved 6475: 6466: 6454:. Retrieved 6449: 6439: 6427:. Retrieved 6423:the original 6418: 6409: 6397: 6385:. Retrieved 6381:the original 6371: 6362: 6353: 6341:. Retrieved 6337:the original 6332: 6323: 6311:. Retrieved 6301: 6289:. Retrieved 6279: 6267: 6242: 6238: 6232: 6205:. Retrieved 6200: 6191: 6179:. Retrieved 6169: 6157:. Retrieved 6153:the original 6148: 6139: 6127:. Retrieved 6112: 6105: 6093:. Retrieved 6088: 6075: 6063:. Retrieved 6048: 6041: 6029:. Retrieved 6024: 6015: 6003:. Retrieved 5997: 5984: 5977:Pevsner 1969 5972: 5960:. Retrieved 5955: 5946: 5934:. Retrieved 5930:the original 5920: 5913:Pevsner 1969 5908: 5901:Pevsner 1969 5896: 5884: 5872: 5865:Pevsner 1969 5860: 5848: 5836:. Retrieved 5830: 5817: 5812:, p. 1. 5805: 5793:. Retrieved 5789:the original 5779: 5767:. Retrieved 5757: 5745: 5740:, p. 9. 5738:Germann 1972 5733: 5721: 5709: 5697: 5685: 5673: 5661: 5649: 5637: 5625: 5613: 5601: 5589: 5577:. Retrieved 5567: 5555: 5543: 5531: 5519: 5507:. Retrieved 5503:www.pc.gc.ca 5502: 5493: 5481:. Retrieved 5476: 5467: 5455:. Retrieved 5450: 5441: 5429:. Retrieved 5419: 5407:. Retrieved 5405:. Notre-Dame 5402: 5393: 5388:, p. 3. 5386:Stanton 1997 5381: 5376:, p. 5. 5369: 5357: 5350:Buggeln 2003 5330: 5318: 5294:Jackson 2011 5289: 5277: 5272:, p. ?. 5265: 5253:. Retrieved 5243: 5231:. Retrieved 5226: 5217: 5205:. Retrieved 5201:the original 5191: 5179:. Retrieved 5169: 5157:. Retrieved 5152: 5142: 5130:. Retrieved 5128:. Structurae 5120: 5108:. Retrieved 5104:the original 5099: 5090: 5078:. Retrieved 5068: 5061:Germann 1972 5056: 5051:, p. ?. 5049:Brichta 2014 5044: 5032:. Retrieved 5022: 5017:, p. 5. 5010: 4998: 4986: 4974:. Retrieved 4970: 4961: 4947: 4918: 4891:. Retrieved 4886: 4876: 4868:The Guardian 4867: 4857: 4845: 4833:. Retrieved 4828: 4819: 4807:. Retrieved 4802: 4792: 4780:. Retrieved 4770: 4758: 4746:. Retrieved 4742:the original 4737: 4728: 4714: 4707:Pevsner 1951 4702: 4690: 4678: 4666: 4654: 4642: 4630: 4621: 4612: 4600:. Retrieved 4587: 4575: 4563:. Retrieved 4556: 4547: 4535:. Retrieved 4514:Rickman 1848 4509: 4502:Aldrich 2019 4497: 4485: 4473:. Retrieved 4468: 4459: 4447: 4435: 4423: 4411: 4404:Gifford 1989 4399: 4387: 4380:Aldrich 2005 4375: 4363: 4351:. Retrieved 4345: 4332: 4320:. Retrieved 4314: 4301: 4289:. Retrieved 4283: 4270: 4258: 4238:, p. 7. 4231: 4224:Aldrich 2005 4219: 4195:(2): 69–76. 4192: 4188: 4178: 4166:. Retrieved 4161: 4152: 4140:. Retrieved 4130: 4118:. Retrieved 4108: 4096: 4084:. Retrieved 4078: 4065: 4053:. Retrieved 4043: 4031: 4019:. Retrieved 4013: 4000: 3988:. Retrieved 3982: 3969: 3957:. Retrieved 3947: 3935: 3926: 3916: 3904: 3892: 3880: 3868: 3856:. Retrieved 3852:the original 3838: 3811:. Retrieved 3807:the original 3797: 3785: 3751:Michael Farr 3738: 3723: 3722:, author of 3707: 3689: 3668: 3655: 3650: 3630: 3613: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3581: 3573: 3568: 3551: 3538: 3533: 3516: 3506: 3496: 3487: 3466: 3455:Roger Morris 3445: 3424: 3414: 3397: 3380: 3203:Pierre Huard 2719:Centre Block 2568:Co-cathedral 2489: 2477: 2464: 2456: 2452: 2439: 2431: 2425: 2422:Appreciation 2393: 2366: 2335:Raymond Hood 2327:Cass Gilbert 2324: 2300:load-bearing 2293: 2250:, the first 2244:South Africa 2197: 2131: 2060: 2033:Maxwell Bury 2029:Oamaru stone 1997:Christchurch 1987: 1965:fenestration 1950: 1929: 1907:(1913), and 1882: 1862:Early French 1836:The firm of 1835: 1827: 1797:Central Park 1793:Calvert Vaux 1781:Antoni Gaudí 1776: 1766: 1761:Central Park 1757:Calvert Vaux 1745:breastsummer 1737: 1717: 1689:Brick Gothic 1680: 1668:West Norwood 1657: 1635: 1615: 1603: 1581: 1551: 1528: 1514: 1507: 1502: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1449: 1444: 1440: 1418: 1349: 1316: 1285:Edward Blore 1277:William Burn 1261:battlemented 1249: 1219: 1156: 1124: 1117: 1112: 1098: 1077: 1021: 1010: 1002: 996: 978: 956: 923: 914: 896: 892:rose windows 865: 843: 836:Lady Pomfret 832: 794: 767: 746: 742: 734: 732: 712:Seton Castle 696:William Adam 685: 669:Lacock Abbey 650: 633: 577: 568:Márianosztra 545: 519:constructed 506: 495: 452:Neoclassical 444:Warwickshire 377: 351: 316: 290:romance. In 261: 258:Gothic novel 251: 231:conservatism 212: 169:The rise of 168: 139: 103: 83:neoclassical 69: 65: 61: 60: 43: 15066:San Antonio 15041:New Orleans 15031:Los Angeles 15021:Kansas City 14955:Town square 14940:Sweat lodge 14890:Plank house 14840:Earth lodge 14658:PWA Moderne 14533:Stick style 14429:Territorial 13981:Michałowski 13813:Wackenroder 13778:F. Schlegel 13773:A. Schlegel 13549:Tchaikovsky 13438:Bortkiewicz 13310:R. Schumann 13305:C. Schumann 13270:Kalkbrenner 13239:Saint-Saëns 12544:Anne Brontë 12429:Eichendorff 12414:B. v. Arnim 12409:A. v. Arnim 12219:Weltschmerz 12178:Medievalism 12127:Blue flower 12055:Nationalist 12000:Bohemianism 11912:Romanticism 11789:Neo-Mudéjar 11689:Neo-Mudéjar 11630:Netherlands 11479:Gründerzeit 11474:Biedermeier 11251:Art Nouveau 11227:Historicism 11013:PWA Moderne 10899:Rationalism 10861:Art Nouveau 10849:Territorial 10829:Renaissance 10813:Queen Anne 10686:Elizabethan 10579:Plateresque 10574:Renaissance 10557:Sondergotik 10452:Carolingian 10398:Kievan Rus' 10056:Sondergotik 10036:High Gothic 9821:Romanticism 9761:Medievalism 9666:Fantastique 9631:Black metal 9610:Horror punk 9600:Gothic punk 9575:Gothic rock 9563:Gothic film 9551:Health Goth 9389:Romanticism 9346:Sondergotik 8784:Oxfordshire 8545:Morris, Jan 7260:Turnor 1950 7248:Turnor 1950 6895:Martin 2012 6883:Martin 2012 6720:Morris 1986 6708:Morris 1986 6696:Morris 1986 6684:Morris 1986 6672:London 2002 5889:Midant 2002 5877:Midant 2002 5654:Ruskin 1989 5524:Fulton 2005 5374:Hobart 1816 5362:Jarvis 1814 4991:Midant 2002 4940:Midant 2002 4923:Midant 2002 4911:Midant 2002 4709:, foreword. 4168:24 February 4142:7 September 3720:John Ruskin 3682:professions 3674:Bishop Gray 3643:torrid zone 3557:James Wyatt 3390:Arbury Hall 3281: 1877 3108:Pondicherry 2919:: 1916–1949 2763:, USA: 1877 2640:Iași County 2304:steel frame 2296:compression 2248:Robert Gray 1970:Eldon, Iowa 1897:Gasson Hall 1801:Art Nouveau 1743:by an iron 1724:Carcassonne 1713:Carcassonne 1512:(1849) and 1504:John Ruskin 1385:David Ewart 1323:Ithiel Town 1281:David Bryce 1137:Ulm Münster 1131:(with twin 1118:Because of 1054:Pierrefonds 1042:Carcassonne 1007:Victor Hugo 903:J. G. Crace 876:Renaissance 866:During the 859:first, the 840:Chippendale 774:St. Patrick 704:Mellerstain 677:James Wyatt 673:Robert Adam 647:picturesque 584:Middle Ages 580:Romanticism 498:St-Eustache 489:, historic 436:hall church 254:Romanticism 187:antiquarian 183:medievalism 179:Reformation 175:high church 110:high church 106:Catholicism 95:hood moulds 15127:Categories 14930:Skyscraper 14885:Moki steps 14880:Longhouses 14774:Tiny-house 14769:Shed style 14759:Postmodern 14586:Beaux-Arts 14538:Queen Anne 14490:Italianate 14467:Antebellum 13856:Chassériau 13831:Aivazovsky 13539:Rubinstein 13524:Mussorgsky 13473:Wieniawski 13458:Paderewski 13300:Moszkowski 13083:Vörösmarty 13073:Shevchenko 12927:Longfellow 12851:Batyushkov 12846:Baratynsky 12815:Espronceda 12682:Mickiewicz 12677:Malczewski 12644:Wordsworth 12629:M. Shelley 12584:de Quincey 12449:Günderrode 12333:Baudelaire 12213:Wanderlust 12050:Lake Poets 11830:Greco Deco 11550:Jacobethan 11484:Jugendstil 11387:Vernacular 11335:Italianate 11266:Beaux-Arts 11231:Revivalism 11170:Portuguese 11044:Postmodern 10993:Organicism 10881:Modernisme 10866:Jugendstil 10725:Revivalism 10713:Industrial 10696:Portuguese 10470:Romanesque 10365:Achaemenid 10041:Isabelline 10031:Flamboyant 9905:By country 9585:Gothabilly 9451:Troubadour 9336:Portuguese 9316:Isabelline 9306:Flamboyant 9286:Brabantine 9281:Belarusian 8898:1123924291 8869:1141858753 8489:1064350166 8275:. London: 8226:. London: 7944:1062076262 7879:Oxoniensia 7468:1088560920 7383:Stamp 2011 7284:Clark 1983 7272:Clark 1983 7212:Clark 1983 7202:, preface. 7047:"Timeline" 6945:Sundt 2017 6907:Sundt 2017 6796:Clark 2019 6225:Crook 2013 6059:0472112775 5810:Stamp 1997 5769:2 November 5714:Clark 1983 5702:Stamp 2015 5282:Stamp 1995 5249:"Florence" 5197:"Stadhuis" 5015:Menin 1775 5003:Toker 1991 4695:Beard 1985 4671:Graur 1970 4661:, preface. 3831:Cooke 1987 3777:References 3561:John Soane 3543:pier glass 2875:Petrópolis 2412:Peterhouse 2316:rib vaults 2270:, and the 2210:; and the 2193:Jacobethan 2155:, both in 2083:Italianate 1974:Grant Wood 1961:scroll saw 1728:Notre-Dame 1653:low church 1645:Parliament 1572:Italianate 1498:Azerbaijan 1267:, pointed 1263:gateways, 1163:Leopold II 1056:, and the 1003:antiquaire 848:Abbotsford 819:Abbotsford 743:Attempt... 708:Wedderburn 622:Twickenham 515:architect 386:, revived 266:(1764) by 227:monarchism 223:Republican 219:liberalism 204:classicism 143:Revivalism 70:neo-Gothic 32:New Gothic 15086:St. Louis 15026:Las Vegas 14935:Sod house 14875:Log cabin 14820:Corn crib 14749:Neomodern 14724:High-tech 14719:Earthship 14704:Brutalist 14505:Victorian 14296:Modernism 13956:Kiprensky 13916:Géricault 13901:Friedrich 13891:Delacroix 13866:Constable 13846:Bonington 13836:Bierstadt 13788:Senancour 13763:Schelling 13718:Lamennais 13713:Khomyakov 13678:Coleridge 13673:Chaadayev 13580:Stanković 13575:Mokranjac 13494:Balakirev 13453:Moniuszko 13402:Donizetti 13397:Cherubini 13295:Meyerbeer 13280:Marschner 13255:Beethoven 13168:Moscheles 13102:Musicians 13088:Wergeland 13053:Orbeliani 13008:Grundtvig 12912:Hawthorne 12881:Zhukovsky 12876:Vyazemsky 12861:Lermontov 12820:Gutiérrez 12779:Radičević 12743:Herculano 12667:Krasiński 12609:Radcliffe 12579:Coleridge 12554:E. Brontë 12549:C. Brontë 12479:Jean Paul 12474:Hölderlin 12363:Lamartine 12300:Magalhães 12290:Guimarães 12198:Pantheism 12188:Nostalgia 12040:Indianism 11988:Movements 11919:Countries 11757:Stalinist 11515:Adamesque 11131:Dravidian 11090:Neomodern 11054:High-tech 11034:Brutalism 11027:1950–2000 10971:Stalinist 10904:Mycenaean 10892:1900–1950 10730:Byzantine 10706:Ukrainian 10691:Naryshkin 10656:Edwardian 10629:1750–1900 10600:Palladian 10595:Manueline 10588:1500–1750 10463:1000–1500 10403:Muscovite 10390:Byzantine 10338:Classical 10326:Mycenaean 10303:Neolithic 10051:Rayonnant 10046:Manueline 9983:Catalonia 9958:Lithuania 9907:or region 9826:Steampunk 9801:Occultism 9696:Grotesque 9656:Deathrock 9636:Cosmicism 9615:Post-punk 9595:Dark wave 9546:Cybergoth 9406:Gothicism 9373:Sculpture 9341:Rayonnant 9326:Manueline 9043:264741060 8840:632385481 8744:(1989) . 8734:504490694 8646:264998275 8624:875412662 8602:185487752 8573:473765817 8518:835581414 8470:825141174 8285:851173836 8267:(1968) . 8210:560131438 8191:243386485 8169:(1989) . 8140:600401309 8092:757298161 7885:20 August 7881:: 117–136 7759:491489502 7730:491489502 7701:255611525 7603:1842/9814 7567:924269530 7514:750811794 7487:249701828 7163:3 October 5726:Port 2006 5630:Hill 2007 5594:Hill 2007 5579:3 October 5560:Hill 2007 5323:Hull 2006 5153:www.fg.cz 4565:8 October 4211:1789-3437 4086:20 August 4055:17 August 4021:17 August 3990:17 August 3959:17 August 3858:20 August 3790:Curl 1990 3759:Cambridge 3459:Inveraray 3372:Footnotes 3272:Desk, by 3211:Cleveland 3161:Guangzhou 2761:Princeton 2351:Modernism 2347:gargoyles 2256:Cape Town 2177:Himalayas 2141:dominions 1915:(1920s). 1870:Long Walk 1866:Axel Haig 1726:, and to 1699:in 1840. 1608:decorated 1592:ritualist 1560:Whitehall 1425:George IV 1335:trap rock 1207:campanile 919:Victorian 899:wallpaper 759:Decorated 741:wrote an 700:Palladian 655:and that 652:wabi-sabi 420:Dean Fell 404:Tom Tower 369:Cambridge 338:Cambridge 307:Tom Tower 288:Arthurian 161:in 1958. 151:Modernism 15061:Portland 15001:Columbus 14805:Cape Cod 14800:Barabara 14561:Art Deco 14369:Builders 14308:Category 14124:Dahlhaus 14109:Blanning 14076:Scholars 14046:Tropinin 14041:Tidemand 14031:Stattler 14026:Scheffer 13926:Głowacki 13896:Edelfelt 13851:Bryullov 13793:Snellman 13768:Schiller 13758:Rousseau 13738:Michelet 13683:Constant 13653:Belinsky 13626:Sibelius 13570:Konjović 13544:Scriabin 13514:Lyapunov 13448:Lipiński 13417:Spontini 13407:Paganini 13351:Goldmark 13142:Thalberg 13137:Schubert 13117:Bruckner 13078:Topelius 13068:Runeberg 13058:Prešeren 13028:Leopardi 12993:Frashëri 12983:Eminescu 12963:Andersen 12871:Tyutchev 12856:Karamzin 12830:Zorrilla 12825:Saavedra 12723:Castilho 12711:Portugal 12702:Słowacki 12604:Polidori 12534:Barbauld 12469:Hoffmann 12424:Brentano 12338:Bertrand 12159:Romantic 11995:Ancients 11969:Scotland 11677:Portugal 11365:European 11300:Neo-Grec 11246:Art Deco 11143:Japanese 11121:Colonial 11109:Regional 11059:Arcology 10998:Art Deco 10988:Futurism 10931:De Stijl 10834:Romanian 10752:Egyptian 10747:Colonial 10701:Siberian 10511:Islamic 10480:Ottonian 10475:Galician 10385:Sasanian 10353:Herodian 10333:Etruscan 10202:Category 10151:Gargoyle 10004:By style 9993:Valencia 9973:Portugal 9934:Southern 9831:Ubi sunt 9624:See also 9356:Venetian 9157:(1873), 9114:, 1989. 8977:(1991). 8925:38338245 8781:(1996). 8770:19886931 8634:(1969). 8612:(1951). 8547:(1986). 8398:(2015). 8220:(2011). 8082:(1979). 7997:(2012). 7954:(1990). 7897:(2013). 7849:(1987). 7825:(1983). 7770:(2002). 7614:(2007). 7524:(2001). 6603:. Domain 6129:16 March 6095:16 March 6065:16 March 4101:Cox 2012 3546:design". 3526:Bourbons 3482:in 1847. 3289:See also 2917:Colombia 2840:Santiago 2519:Budapest 2375:and the 2337:'s 1922 2329:'s 1913 2312:elevator 2310:and the 2039:and the 1848:and the 1711:View of 1526:labour. 1195:Florence 1179:Mechelen 888:trefoils 844:Director 827:Medieval 681:Fonthill 588:medieval 554:, whose 546:Even in 448:Alcester 440:basilica 396:Puritans 245:and the 130:Savannah 72:) is an 15081:Spokane 15076:Seattle 15011:Houston 15006:Detroit 14996:Chicago 14991:Buffalo 14981:Atlanta 14945:Temples 14915:Saltbox 14855:I-house 14815:Chickee 14779:Usonian 14714:Dingbat 14571:Pre-war 14543:Shingle 14452:Federal 14149:Lovejoy 14084:Abraham 14006:Richard 13996:Préault 13921:Girodet 13803:Thoreau 13748:Novalis 13733:Mazzini 13728:Maistre 13703:Hazlitt 13688:Emerson 13668:Carlyle 13658:Berchet 13601:Berwald 13596:Bennett 13565:Hristić 13519:Medtner 13499:Borodin 13489:Arensky 13412:Rossini 13387:Bellini 13366:Joachim 13339:Hungary 13320:Strauss 13248:Germany 13214:Berlioz 13183:Voříšek 13178:Smetana 13156:Czechia 13110:Austria 13043:Maturin 13038:Manzoni 13013:Heliade 12988:Foscolo 12958:Alfieri 12953:Abovian 12907:Emerson 12866:Pushkin 12805:Bécquer 12738:Garrett 12692:Potocki 12639:Southey 12599:Maturin 12569:Carlyle 12526:Britain 12499:Novalis 12454:Gutzkow 12402:Germany 12368:Mérimée 12353:Gautier 12280:Barreto 12275:Azevedo 12255:Alencar 12235:Writers 12154:Byronic 12090:Purismo 11944:Germany 11926:Denmark 11719:Romania 11565:Regency 11180:Spanish 11175:Russian 11116:Chinese 10936:Bauhaus 10839:Russian 10817:Britain 10799:Moorish 10782:Baroque 10772:Mission 10718:British 10681:Petrine 10676:Maltese 10671:Italian 10661:English 10636:Baroque 10535:Ottoman 10530:Timurid 10495:Hoysala 10491:Indian 10430:Fatimid 10425:Abbasid 10420:Moorish 10415:Umayyad 10410:Islamic 10317:Aegean 10214:Commons 10183:Tracery 10176:Swedish 10166:English 9988:Levante 9924:England 9919:Czechia 9914:Belarus 9806:Ossuary 9661:Dracula 9486:and art 9351:Spanish 9321:Italian 9301:English 9233:Ancient 9165:(1901). 8583:Lothian 7921:Borders 7393:Sources 6429:11 June 5936:4 April 5233:24 July 5207:18 July 5181:24 July 3813:12 July 3702:about". 3511:France. 3498:Ivanhoe 3432:on his 3240:, Paris 2913:Ipiales 2721:of the 2704:Ontario 2674:Utrecht 2496:Gallery 2404:Suffolk 2230:), the 2220:Bangkok 2214:in the 2097:at the 2025:breccia 2017:Dunedin 1972:, that 1872:, with 1610:". 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