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better life, Adina responds that he is loved and that she has purchased back his military contract from
Sergeant Belcore. She offers the cancelled contract to Nemorino and reassures him that, if he stays, he will be happy. As he takes the contract, Adina turns to leave. Nemorino believes she is abandoning him and flies into a desperate fit, vowing that if he is not loved he might as well go off and die a soldier. Deeply moved by his fidelity, Adina finally declares that she will love Nemorino forever. Nemorino is ecstatic. Adina begs him to forgive her, which he does with a kiss. Belcore returns to see Nemorino and Adina in an embrace. When Adina explains that she loves Nemorino, the Sergeant takes the news in stride, noting that there are plenty of other women in the world. Adina and Nemorino learn about the inheritance from his uncle. Dulcamara returns and boasts of the success of his elixir: Nemorino is now not only loved but also rich. Dulcamara exults in the boost this will bring to the sales of his product. As Dulcamara prepares to leave, everyone queues up to buy the elixir and to hail Dulcamara as a great physician.
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everyone goes to witness the signing of the wedding contract, Dulcamara stays behind, helping himself to food and drink. Having seen the notary, Nemorino appears, depressed, as he believes that he has lost Adina. He sees
Dulcamara and frantically begs him for a more powerful, faster-acting elixir. Although Dulcamara is proud to boast of his philanthropy, upon discovering that Nemorino now has no money he changes his tune and marches off, refusing to supply him anything. Belcore emerges, musing about why Adina has suddenly put off the wedding and signing of the contract. He spots Nemorino and asks his rival why he is depressed. When Nemorino says he needs cash, Belcore suggests joining the army, as he'll receive funds on the spot. Belcore tries to excite Nemorino with tales of military life, while Nemorino only thinks of getting the potion and thus winning Adina, if only for a day before departure. Belcore produces a contract, which Nemorino signs in return for the money. Nemorino privately vows to rush and buy more potion, while Belcore muses about how sending Nemorino off to war has so easily dispatched his rival.
438:, he is convinced that a magic potion will help him to gain Adina's love. The self-important Sergeant Belcore appears with his regiment and immediately sets about courting Adina in front of everyone. Nemorino becomes anxious (although Adina meanwhile secretly derides Belcore's complacency) and, alone with Adina, reveals his love for her. Adina rebuffs him, saying that she wants a different lover every day and that Nemorino would do well to follow her example. Nemorino declares that his feelings will never change. The traveling quack doctor, Dulcamara (the self-proclaimed Dr. Encyclopedia), arrives, selling his bottled cure-all to the townspeople. Nemorino innocently asks Dulcamara if he has any of Isolde's love potion. Despite failing to recognize the name "Isolde", Dulcamara's commercial talents nevertheless enable him to sell a bottle of the "elixir" – in reality only cheap red wine – to Nemorino, who pays for it with all the cash at his disposal.
475:
bonus on – and consumed – a large amount of the fake elixir from Dr. Dulcamara. Hoping to share his fortune, the women approach
Nemorino with overly friendly greetings. So out of character is this that Nemorino takes it as proof of the elixir's efficacy. Adina sees Nemorino with the women, is rattled by his newfound popularity, and asks Dr. Dulcamara for an explanation. Unaware that Adina is the object of Nemorino's affection, Dulcamara explains that Nemorino spent his last penny on the elixir and joined the army for money to get more, so desperate was he to win the love of some unnamed cruel beauty. Adina immediately recognises Nemorino's sincerity, regrets her behaviour and realises that she has loved Nemorino all along. Although Dulcamara seizes the opportunity to try to sell her some of his potion to win back Nemorino, Adina declares that she has full confidence in her own powers of attraction.
462:
encounters Adina, as he expects that the elixir will facilitate his conquest of Adina the next day. She becomes increasingly annoyed; perhaps she has feelings for
Nemorino after all? Belcore returns and proposes marriage to Adina. Still riled by Nemorino and wishing to give him a lesson, Adina falsely promises to marry Belcore in six days' time. Yet, Nemorino only laughs in response: such confidence is sustained in the belief in the magic potion. However, when Belcore learns that his regiment must leave the next morning, Adina promises to marry him before his departure. This panics Nemorino, who cries out for Dr. Dulcamara to come to his aid. Adina, meanwhile, invites everyone to the wedding.
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273:. The audience reception caused Caruso and the orchestra to repeat "Una furtiva lagrima" three times. Toscanini stated after the performance that: "Per dio! Se questo Napoletano continua a cantare così, farà parlare di sè il mondo intero" (Heavens! If this Neapolitan continues to sing like this, he will be talked about all over the world).
474:
After the two men have left, Giannetta gossips with the women of the village. Swearing them all to secrecy, she reveals that
Nemorino's uncle has just died and left his nephew a large fortune. However, neither Nemorino nor Adina is yet aware of this. Nemorino enters, having spent his military signing
461:
To make a safe escape, Dulcamara tells
Nemorino the potion needs 24 hours to take effect – by which time, the doctor will be long gone. Nemorino drinks the potion in haste in order to watch the effect the following day. Emboldened by the "elixir" (in fact, drunk), Nemorino feigns indifference when he
470:
Adina and
Belcore's wedding party is in full swing. Dr. Dulcamara encourages Adina to sing a duet with him to entertain the guests. The notary arrives to make the marriage official. Adina is annoyed to see that Nemorino has not appeared, for the whole deal has been intended only to punish him. While
233:
Donizetti insisted on a number of changes from the original libretto by Scribe. The best known of these was the insertion of "Una furtiva lagrima" and the duet between Adina and
Nemorino in the first act, "Chiedi all'aura lusinghiera". The melody to the duet "Io son ricco e tu sei bella" in act 2,
531:
Nemorino appears alone, pensive, reflecting on a tear he saw in Adina's eye when he was ignoring her earlier. Solely based on that, he convinces himself that Adina loves him. She enters and asks why he has chosen to join the army and leave the village. When
Nemorino explains that he was seeking a
449:), an itinerant quack and purveyor of "elixirs" and other tonics, gestures to "Cochise" (Bruce Cooper), his sly trumpet-playing assistant, to call together the townspeople as he sings his act 1 (scene 2) aria "Udite, udite, o rustici" (Hear me, hear me, o peasants) in a performance of the
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features three big duets between the tenor and soprano. There is also personal history in this opera. Donizetti's military service was bought by a rich woman, so that, unlike his brother
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Nemorino, a poor peasant, is in love with Adina, a beautiful landowner, who torments him with her indifference. When
Nemorino hears Adina reading to her workers the story of
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list of the most-performed operas worldwide in the five seasons between 2008 and 2013. There are a large number of recordings. It contains the popular tenor
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Barcarolle for two voices "Io son ricco e tu sei bella" (I am rich, and you are beautiful) – Dulcamara, Adina, scene 1
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was the most often performed opera in Italy between 1838 and 1848 and has remained continually in the international
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scene 1 recurs in the final scene of the opera sung by Dulcamara as a solo aria with new scabrous lyrics.
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Donizetti and the World of Opera in Italy, Paris, and Vienna in the First Half of the Nineteenth Century
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played in the role of Nemorino for the first time in February 1901 at La Scala with the conductor
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But "in a small Italian Village" is noted in the Schirmer English edition of the score
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567:"Udite, udite, o rustici" (Listen, listen, o peasants) – Doctor Dulcamara, scene 2
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249:(also a well known composer), he did not have to serve in the Austrian army.
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Donizetti: in the light of Romanticism and the teaching of Johann Simon Mayr
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The central narrative theme, the triumph of sincerity, is essential to the
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554:"Quanto è bella, quanto è cara" (How beautiful she is) – Nemorino, scene 1
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Disegno per copertina di libretto, drawing for L'elisir d'amore (undated).
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1763:, An opera portrait with synopsis, commentary, music analysis, anecdotes
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587:"Prendi, per me sei libero" (Take it, I have freed you) – Adina, scene 2
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1518:, Shaftesbury: Element Books, Ltd (UK); Rockport, MA: Element, Inc.
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that has a considerable performance history in the concert hall.
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557:"Della crudele Isotta" (Of the cruel Isolda) – Adina, scene 1
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The Bel Canto Operas of Rossini, Donizetti, and Bellini
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and the traditional music from County of Nice, France
1468:L'elisir d'amore discography from Stanford website
192:(1831). The opera premiered on 12 May 1832 at the
611:Dulcamara, or the Little Duck and the Great Quack
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1761:Online opera guide on Donizetti’s ELISIR D’AMORE
1629:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
591:
1421:. Harvey Sachs. Liveright (2017). Pp. 142-143.
1782:
152:
1574:Ashbrook, William; Sarah Hibberd (2001), in
560:"Come Paride vezzoso" (Just as the charming
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1724:Essay by Thomas May for San Francisco Opera
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1708:International Music Score Library Project
1626:, (Ed.); John Tyrell (Exec. Ed.) (2004),
60:as Dulcamara in the premiere of the opera
2104:Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali
2000:Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali
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410:Title page of the libretto published by
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1594:Donizetti's Operas in Naples, 1822–1848
394:Peasants, soldiers of Belcore's platoon
204:Written in haste in a six-week period,
14:
2581:Operas based on works by Eugène Scribe
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630:(Adina, Nemorino, Belcore, Dulcamara)
584:" (A furtive tear) – Nemorino, scene 2
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161:) in two acts by the Italian composer
1796:
1770:
1603:, 2nd edition. Rowman and Littlefield
760:(Met Opera broadcast of 5 March 1966)
140:
2056:Elisabetta al castello di Kenilworth
1713:Vocal score with English translation
1672:, New York: Octagon, 1963 and 1979.
1484:on operadis-opera-discography.org.uk
307:a simple peasant, in love with Adina
2160:Il furioso all'isola di San Domingo
1613:, Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press.
24:
1697:Donizetti Society (London) website
1632:. 2nd edition. London: Macmillan.
1553:. Vol. 2. London: Macmillan.
931:Covent Garden Orchestra and Chorus
600:arranged the work for solo piano.
480:
453:'s 1968 "Wild West" production of
25:
2602:
1690:
1550:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1441:Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1419:Toscanini: Musician of Conscience
425:Time: The end of the 18th century
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1596:. London: The Donizetti Society.
763:CD: Sony Classical Cat: 90991-2
522:Problems playing this file? See
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1311:Annabel Arden (stage director)
1175:Lyon Opera Orchestra and Chorus
27:1832 opera by Gaetano Donizetti
1904:Chiara e Serafina, o Il pirata
1528:, Cambridge University Press.
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1473:
1461:
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1433:
1424:
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1261:, Bergamo Orchestra and Chorus
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512:Victor Talking Machine Company
418:Place: A small village in the
13:
1:
1857:I piccioli virtuosi ambulanti
1664:Collection of Opera Librettos
1514:Allitt, John Stewart (1991),
1363:
1302:London Philharmonic Orchestra
617:
199:
2277:Betly, o La capanna svizzera
1582:, New York: Penguin Putnam.
1345:(performance of 10 February)
671:Orchestra and Chorus of the
592:Arrangements and adaptations
7:
2551:Operas by Gaetano Donizetti
2120:La romanziera e l'uomo nero
1668:Weinstock, Herbert (1963),
1599:Loewenberg, Alfred (1970).
1580:The New Penguin Opera Guide
1539:Ashbrook, William (1998). "
1333:Ildebrando D'Arcangelo
792:Francesco Molinari-Pradelli
710:Francesco Molinari-Pradelli
401:
10:
2607:
2016:L'eremitaggio di Liverpool
1601:Annals of Opera, 1597–1940
1059:Maggio Musicale Fiorentino
840:Maggio Musicale Fiorentino
715:Maggio Musicale Fiorentino
635:opera house and orchestra
142:[leliˈzirdaˈmoːre]
2591:Libretti by Felice Romani
2498:
2472:
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2024:Alina, regina di Golconda
1992:Il borgomastro di Saardam
1813:
1804:
1458:, 30 December 1866, p. 15
881:English Chamber Orchestra
673:Teatro dell'Opera di Roma
627:
608:adaptation of the opera,
392:
361:an itinerant medicine man
103:
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75:
65:
50:
37:
32:
1658:Schirmer, G. (1990/91),
1526:Donizetti and His Operas
465:
429:
276:
2556:Italian-language operas
1864:Il falegname di Livonia
1729:(in English and French)
1718:Stanford.edu | Libretto
1452:"St. James's Theatre",
263:Teatro della Canobbiana
194:Teatro della Canobbiana
120:Teatro della Canobbiana
2490:Donizetti's birthplace
2208:Rosmonda d'Inghilterra
2080:Imelda de' Lambertazzi
1501:, Met Opera on Demand.
1208:Ildebrando D'Arcangelo
1016:Munich Radio Orchestra
1013:Bavarian Radio Chorus,
885:Ambrosian Opera Chorus
545:
485:
458:
414:
186:
153:
2200:Il diluvio universale
2072:Il diluvio universale
1244:Silvia Dalla Benetta,
1231:DVD: Virgin Classics/
1135:Hungarian State Opera
842:Orchestra and Chorus
543:
492:"Una furtiva lagrima"
484:
444:
409:
353:Henri-Bernard Dabadie
108:12 May 1832
2373:La fille du régiment
2168:Otto mesi in due ore
2136:Ugo, conte di Parigi
2064:I pazzi per progetto
1984:Otto mesi in due ore
1928:L'ajo nell'imbarazzo
1920:Il fortunato inganno
1592:Black, John (1982),
1254:Alessandro De Marchi
1236:Cat: 00946 363352 9
1228:Orchestra and Chorus
1137:Orchestra and Chorus
1132:Piergiorgio Morandi,
1105:Orchestra and Chorus
1061:Orchestra and Chorus
972:Orchestra and Chorus
834:Gianandrea Gavazzeni
799:Orchestra and Chorus
758:Orchestra and Chorus
717:Orchestra and Chorus
564:) – Belcore, scene 1
2586:Operas set in Italy
2561:Operas set in Spain
2333:Lucie de Lammermoor
2285:L'assedio di Calais
2248:Lucia di Lammermoor
2152:Sancia di Castiglia
1936:Emilia di Liverpool
1737:Cross-over between
1356:Met Opera on Demand
1298:Glyndebourne Chorus
1289:Luciano di Pasquale
1123:Vincenzo La Scola,
1121:Alessandra Ruffini,
1110:Deutsche Grammophon
1066:Deutsche Grammophon
807:Cat: CMS 7 69897 2
696:Giuseppe Di Stefano
582:Una furtiva lagrima
371:Giuseppe Frezzolini
325:a wealthy landowner
317:Gianbattista Genero
253:Performance history
222:Una furtiva lagrima
58:Giuseppe Frezzolini
2480:Donizetti Monument
2456:Other compositions
2413:Linda di Chamounix
1968:Gabriella di Vergy
1896:La lettera anonima
1880:Zoraida di Granata
1842:Enrico di Borgogna
1499:, 10 February 2018
1398:"Opera Statistics"
1343:Metropolitan Opera
1226:Vienna State Opera
1163:Roberto Scaltriti,
1125:Roberto Frontiali,
1103:Metropolitan Opera
1004:Yevgeny Nesterenko
970:Metropolitan Opera
939:Cat: 2796-96458-2
756:Metropolitan Opera
647:Margherita Carosio
546:
486:
459:
436:Tristan and Isolde
415:
335:Sabine Heinefetter
261:took place at the
157:(comic melodrama,
154:melodramma giocoso
148:The Elixir of Love
40:Melodramma giocoso
2516:
2515:
2112:Francesca di Foix
2048:Il giovedì grasso
1944:Alahor in Granata
1912:Alfredo il grande
1872:Le nozze in villa
1798:Gaetano Donizetti
1522:Ashbrook, William
1387:, pp. 37–38.
1361:
1360:
1326:Matthew Polenzani
1278:Ekaterina Siurina
1083:Luciano Pavarotti
960:Sesto Bruscantini
953:Luciano Pavarotti
928:Royal Opera House
862:Luciano Pavarotti
501:
445:"Dr. Dulcamara" (
399:
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163:Gaetano Donizetti
129:
128:
45:Gaetano Donizetti
16:(Redirected from
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2506:
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2485:Donizetti Museum
2421:Caterina Cornaro
2349:L'Ange de Nisida
2301:Roberto Devereux
2256:
2144:L'elisir d'amore
2096:Gianni di Parigi
2032:Gianni di Calais
1976:Olivo e Pasquale
1835:L'ira di Achille
1791:
1784:
1777:
1768:
1767:
1756:Rolando Villazón
1748:
1739:L'Elisir d'amore
1730:
1706:: Scores at the
1703:L'elisir d'amore
1660:L'elisir d'amore
1607:Osborne, Charles
1564:
1541:L'elisir d'amore
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1497:L'Elisir d'Amore
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1338:Domingo Hindoyan
1259:Teatro Donizetti
1222:
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1197:Rolando Villazón
1154:Angela Gheorghiu
1145:Cat: 8660045-46
1069:Cat: B000458002
936:Sony Masterworks
846:CD: Myto Records
751:Thomas Schippers
667:Gabriele Santini
657:Melchiorre Luise
622:
621:
510:in 1911 for the
503:
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455:L'elisir d'amore
451:Cincinnati Opera
298:Alessandro Rolla
281:
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271:Arturo Toscanini
259:L'elisir d'amore
257:The premiere of
243:L'elisir d'amore
239:Romantic outlook
206:L'elisir d'amore
191:
180:'s libretto for
156:
144:
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133:L'elisir d'amore
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115:
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90:'s libretto for
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33:L'elisir d'amore
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2357:Lucrezia Borgia
2325:Pia de' Tolomei
2309:Maria de Rudenz
2293:Pia de' Tolomei
2192:Lucrezia Borgia
2008:L'esule di Roma
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1443:, 5th ed., 1954
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1002:
997:
992:
979:
968:
965:Nicola Rescigno
958:
956:
951:
938:
930:
926:
916:
911:
908:Plácido Domingo
906:
903:Ileana Cotrubaș
893:
883:
879:
876:Richard Bonynge
869:
865:
860:
857:Joan Sutherland
847:
837:
829:
826:Giuseppe Taddei
824:
819:
806:
795:
787:Renato Capecchi
785:
780:
775:
759:
754:
746:Fernando Corena
744:
743:Frank Guarrera,
742:
737:
724:
713:
705:Fernando Corena
703:
701:Renato Capecchi
699:
694:
681:
670:
660:
655:
650:
634:
629:
620:
594:
538:
529:
528:
520:
518:
517:
516:
515:
504:
497:
494:
487:
481:
468:
432:
404:
387:Marietta Sacchi
359:Dr. Dulcamara,
295:
293:
292:Premiere cast,
279:
255:
210:opera repertory
202:
137:
125:
124:
118:
116:
111:
109:
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2604:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2538:
2537:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2441:
2437:Maria di Rohan
2433:
2425:
2417:
2409:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2369:
2361:
2353:
2345:
2337:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2244:
2240:Marino Faliero
2236:
2232:Gemma di Vergy
2228:
2220:
2212:
2204:
2196:
2188:
2184:Torquato Tasso
2180:
2172:
2164:
2156:
2148:
2140:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2100:
2092:
2084:
2076:
2068:
2060:
2052:
2044:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1972:
1964:
1956:
1948:
1940:
1932:
1924:
1916:
1908:
1900:
1892:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1860:
1854:
1846:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1807:List of operas
1805:
1802:
1801:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1771:
1765:
1764:
1758:
1743:
1726:
1721:
1715:
1710:
1699:
1692:
1691:External links
1689:
1688:
1687:
1678:978-0374983376
1666:
1656:
1638:978-0195170672
1624:Sadie, Stanley
1621:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1576:Holden, Amanda
1572:
1559:
1536:
1519:
1504:
1503:
1488:
1480:Recordings of
1472:
1460:
1445:
1432:
1423:
1411:
1389:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1346:
1335:
1318:
1314:
1313:
1308:Cat. OABD7057D
1306:DVD: Opus Arte
1304:
1290:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1262:
1251:
1248:Alex Esposito,
1242:
1238:
1237:
1229:
1211:
1189:
1185:
1184:
1176:
1168:
1159:Roberto Alagna
1151:
1147:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1095:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1062:
1054:Gabriele Ferro
1051:
1039:Gösta Winbergh
1034:Barbara Bonney
1031:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1009:Heinz Wallberg
1006:
986:
982:
981:
980:Cat: 074 3226
973:
962:
945:
941:
940:
932:
923:John Pritchard
920:
900:
896:
895:
894:Cat: 424912-2
887:
873:
854:
850:
849:
844:
831:
821:Carlo Bergonzi
813:
809:
808:
800:
789:
769:
765:
764:
761:
748:
739:Carlo Bergonzi
734:Roberta Peters
731:
727:
726:
718:
707:
688:
684:
683:
682:Cat: SBT 2150
675:
664:
644:
640:
639:
636:
631:
626:
619:
616:
598:Richard Wagner
593:
590:
589:
588:
585:
578:
569:
568:
565:
558:
555:
537:
534:
519:
505:
495:
490:
489:
488:
479:
478:
477:
467:
464:
431:
428:
427:
426:
423:
420:Basque Country
403:
400:
397:
396:
390:
389:
384:
381:
379:Adina's friend
374:
373:
368:
363:
356:
355:
350:
345:
338:
337:
332:
327:
320:
319:
314:
309:
302:
301:
290:
285:
278:
275:
254:
251:
201:
198:
127:
126:
117:
107:
105:
101:
100:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
56:
48:
47:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2603:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2522:
2509:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2447:
2446:
2445:Dom Sébastien
2442:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:Maria Padilla
2402:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2341:Le duc d'Albe
2338:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2269:Il campanello
2266:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2250:
2249:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2216:Maria Stuarda
2213:
2210:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1822:Il Pigmalione
1819:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1803:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1769:
1762:
1759:
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1749:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1727:
1725:
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1719:
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1705:
1704:
1700:
1698:
1695:
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1686:
1682:
1679:
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1671:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1640:(hardcover).
1639:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1571:
1567:
1562:
1560:0-333-73432-7
1556:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1545:Stanley Sadie
1542:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1511:
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1500:
1498:
1492:
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1476:
1469:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1436:
1427:
1420:
1415:
1399:
1393:
1386:
1385:Ashbrook 1998
1381:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1357:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1291:
1287:Alfredo Daza,
1284:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1220:
1215:
1214:Alfred Eschwé
1212:
1209:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1192:Anna Netrebko
1190:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1177:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:Simone Alaimo
1160:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1131:
1129:
1128:Simone Alaimo
1120:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1067:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1000:
995:
994:Peter Dvorský
990:
987:
984:
983:
978:
974:
971:
966:
963:
961:
954:
949:
948:Judith Blegen
946:
943:
942:
937:
933:
929:
924:
921:
919:
918:Geraint Evans
914:
913:Ingvar Wixell
909:
904:
901:
898:
897:
892:
888:
886:
882:
877:
874:
872:
868:
867:Dominic Cossa
863:
858:
855:
852:
851:
845:
843:
841:
835:
832:
827:
822:
817:
816:Renata Scotto
814:
811:
810:
805:
801:
798:
793:
790:
788:
783:
778:
777:Nicolai Gedda
773:
772:Mirella Freni
770:
767:
766:
762:
757:
752:
749:
747:
740:
735:
732:
729:
728:
723:
719:
716:
711:
708:
706:
702:
697:
692:
689:
686:
685:
680:
676:
674:
668:
665:
663:
658:
653:
648:
645:
642:
641:
637:
632:
624:
623:
615:
613:
612:
607:
603:
602:W. S. Gilbert
599:
586:
583:
579:
576:
575:
574:
573:
566:
563:
559:
556:
553:
552:
551:
550:
542:
533:
527:
525:
513:
509:
508:Enrico Caruso
493:
476:
472:
463:
456:
452:
448:
443:
439:
437:
424:
421:
417:
416:
413:
408:
395:
391:
388:
385:
382:
380:
376:
375:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
358:
357:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
340:
339:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
322:
321:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
304:
303:
299:
291:
289:
286:
283:
282:
274:
272:
268:
267:Enrico Caruso
264:
260:
250:
248:
244:
240:
235:
231:
229:
228:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
197:
195:
190:
189:
183:
179:
178:Eugène Scribe
175:
172:
168:
167:Felice Romani
164:
160:
155:
150:
149:
143:
135:
134:
121:
106:
102:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:Eugène Scribe
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
70:Felice Romani
68:
64:
59:
54:
49:
46:
42:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2443:
2435:
2429:Don Pasquale
2427:
2419:
2411:
2403:
2395:
2387:
2379:
2371:
2363:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2275:
2267:
2259:
2246:
2238:
2230:
2224:Buondelmonte
2222:
2214:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2182:
2174:
2166:
2158:
2150:
2143:
2142:
2134:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1974:
1966:
1958:
1952:Don Gregorio
1950:
1942:
1934:
1926:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1894:
1886:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1848:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1820:
1738:
1702:
1669:
1663:
1659:
1627:
1610:
1600:
1593:
1579:
1549:
1540:
1525:
1515:
1508:
1507:
1496:
1491:
1481:
1475:
1463:
1453:
1448:
1440:
1435:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1404:14 September
1402:. Retrieved
1392:
1368:
1367:
1321:Pretty Yende
1310:
1183:Cat: 455691
1171:Evelino Pidò
1113:Cat: 429744
1098:James Levine
957:Brent Ellis,
848:Cat: 984194
838:
782:Mario Sereni
725:Cat: 443542
691:Hilde Gueden
652:Nicola Monti
609:
595:
571:
570:
548:
547:
530:
521:
473:
469:
460:
454:
447:Andrew Foldi
433:
393:
378:
360:
342:
324:
306:
296:(Conductor:
258:
256:
242:
236:
232:
225:
205:
203:
182:Daniel Auber
147:
146:
132:
131:
130:
95:
38:
2571:1832 operas
2566:Opera buffa
2381:La favorite
2365:Les martyrs
2088:Anna Bolena
1400:. Operabase
1269:Cat. 33577
1217: [
1044:Bernd Weikl
999:Bernd Weikl
871:Spiro Malas
614:, in 1866.
536:Noted arias
377:Giannetta,
294:12 May 1832
159:opera buffa
2545:Categories
1888:La zingara
1850:Una follia
1646:0195170679
1619:0931340713
1588:0140293124
1570:1561592285
1534:052123526X
1364:References
1283:Peter Auty
989:Lucia Popp
830:Carlo Cava
797:Rome Opera
662:Tito Gobbi
633:Conductor,
618:Recordings
524:media help
343:a sergeant
305:Nemorino,
288:Voice type
200:Background
196:in Milan.
188:Le philtre
169:wrote the
138:pronounced
112:1832-05-12
97:Le philtre
66:Librettist
2261:Belisario
2099:(1828-31)
1829:Olimpiade
1747:Animation
1720:(Italian)
1653:419285866
1202:Leo Nucci
1093:Enzo Dara
1088:Leo Nucci
679:Testament
606:burlesque
596:In 1840,
341:Belcore,
214:Operabase
2508:Category
2176:Parisina
2040:Il paria
1655:(eBook).
1609:(1994),
1524:(1982),
1439:Grove's
604:wrote a
506:Sung by
402:Synopsis
383:soprano
348:baritone
247:Giuseppe
176:, after
174:libretto
104:Premiere
84:Based on
76:Language
18:Nemorino
2473:Related
2463:Requiem
2317:Poliuto
2251:(1835)
1752:YouTube
1733:Occitan
1731:& (
1685:5219645
1578:(Ed.),
1547:(ed.).
1509:Sources
1455:The Era
1266:Dynamic
422:, Spain
412:Ricordi
330:soprano
323:Adina,
227:romanza
171:Italian
151:) is a
122:, Milan
110: (
79:Italian
2576:Operas
2521:Portal
2465:(1835)
2448:(1843)
2440:(1843)
2432:(1843)
2424:(1844)
2416:(1842)
2408:(1841)
2400:(1841)
2392:(1841)
2389:Adelia
2384:(1840)
2376:(1840)
2368:(1840)
2360:(1840)
2352:(1839)
2344:(1839)
2336:(1839)
2328:(1838)
2320:(1838)
2312:(1838)
2304:(1837)
2296:(1837)
2288:(1836)
2280:(1836)
2272:(1836)
2264:(1836)
2243:(1835)
2235:(1834)
2227:(1834)
2219:(1834)
2211:(1834)
2203:(1834)
2195:(1833)
2187:(1833)
2179:(1833)
2171:(1833)
2163:(1833)
2155:(1832)
2147:(1832)
2139:(1832)
2131:(1832)
2128:Fausta
2123:(1831)
2115:(1831)
2107:(1831)
2091:(1830)
2083:(1830)
2075:(1830)
2067:(1830)
2059:(1829)
2051:(1829)
2043:(1829)
2035:(1828)
2027:(1828)
2019:(1828)
2011:(1828)
2003:(1827)
1995:(1827)
1987:(1827)
1979:(1827)
1971:(1826)
1963:(1826)
1960:Elvida
1955:(1826)
1947:(1826)
1939:(1824)
1931:(1824)
1923:(1823)
1915:(1823)
1907:(1822)
1899:(1822)
1891:(1822)
1883:(1822)
1875:(1820)
1867:(1819)
1859:(1819)
1853:(1818)
1845:(1818)
1837:(1817)
1831:(1817)
1825:(1816)
1814:Operas
1683:
1676:
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1586:
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1543:". In
1532:
1482:Elixir
638:Label
2535:Opera
1754:, by
1369:Notes
1264:DVD:
1221:]
1180:Decca
1142:Naxos
1025:Cat:
977:Decca
975:DVD:
891:Decca
722:Decca
625:Year
572:Act 2
562:Paris
549:Act 1
466:Act 2
430:Act 1
312:tenor
284:Role
277:Roles
224:", a
92:Auber
2397:Rita
1681:OCLC
1674:ISBN
1649:OCLC
1642:ISBN
1634:ISBN
1615:ISBN
1584:ISBN
1566:ISBN
1555:ISBN
1530:ISBN
1406:2013
1317:2018
1274:2009
1241:2007
1188:2005
1150:1997
1118:1996
1108:CD:
1074:1990
1064:CD:
1030:1986
1020:CD:
985:1982
944:1981
934:CD:
899:1977
889:CD:
853:1970
812:1967
802:CD:
768:1967
730:1966
720:CD:
687:1955
677:CD:
643:1953
628:Cast
366:bass
218:aria
1750:on
1662:in
1233:EMI
1178:CD:
1140:CD:
1022:RCA
804:EMI
184:'s
94:'s
43:by
2547::
1735:)
1377:^
1354::
1349:HD
1300:,
1219:de
1161:,
300:)
165:.
145:;
2523::
1790:e
1783:t
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580:"
526:.
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220:"
136:(
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20:)
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