31:
229:
219:
On 7 May 1943, 300 people, mostly women and children, were shot to death. In July 1942, the
Peresets Street ghetto was liquidated, and in autumn of 1943, the Minsk Street ghetto met the same fate. From the Navahrudak Ghetto's establishment in December 1941 until the ultimate destruction of the Minsk
282:
No complete list of the
Navahrudak Ghetto's victims has been published, but incomplete ones have been created. The building which formerly contained the entrance to the tunnel now contains the Museum of Jewish Resistance in Navahrudak, and monuments were erected at three sites of massacres (Minsk
194:
On 6 December 1941, the Jewish population of
Navahrudak was ordered to assemble within the city's courthouse, where they were locked up overnight. The following morning, 500 Jews were taken from the courthouse to the nearby village of Skrydlevo, where they were subsequently executed.
240:), began to dig a tunnel out of the ghetto, which would eventually grow to more than 250 metres long. Five months after work began, 232 people escaped through the tunnel starting on 26 September 1943. Of the 232 that escaped through the tunnel, over 100 joined the
190:
Immediately after the occupation's beginning, 100 Jews were taken into the street, where they were lined up and every other individual was executed. On 14 July 1941, 52 Jews were taken from the market square and executed in the city's Jewish cemetery.
198:
The surviving population was segregated that month into two separate ghettos of the city; one on Minsk Street and the other on
Peresets Street, each surrounded by a wooden fence and barbed wire. The population of these ghettos then performed
283:
Street, two kilometres from the city limits, and near
Skrydlevo) by survivor Jack Kagan in 1993 and 1995. In 2017, a monument to 12-year-old victim Mikhle Sosnovsky, who was shot to death by German police, was placed in the city.
211:
The work of exterminating the ghetto's population began immediately; on 8 December 1941 alone, 2,990 Jews were killed. Actions involving the massacres of Jews, as well, was not limited to the
Wehrmacht: on 7 August 1942, the
479:
269:
274:, who, along with his sons Hienadz and Uladzimir, rescued 500 Jews, including 7 residents of the Navahrudak Ghetto, and Barbara Tarnecka, who saved two residents of the ghetto.
264:
469:
200:
566:
472:[Memorial sign on anniversary of mass escape from ghetto was opened in Navahrudak: among survivors were ancestors of Trump's son-in-law].
236:
Escapes from the
Navahrudak Ghetto began in April 1942. In mid-May 1943, the ghetto's remaining residents, led by Reichel Kushner (grandmother of
216:
also participated in killings, and the 11th
Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalion killed 3,000 of the ghetto's residents on 8 December 1941.
528:
501:
571:
576:
148:
123:
439:
375:
54:
470:"Памятный знак в годовщину массового побега из гетто открыли в Новогрудке: среди спасшихся были предки зятя Трампа"
410:
213:
119:
425:
402:
474:
252:
245:
48:
399:
Reference book on places of detention of the civilian population in the occupied territory of
Belarus
172:
183:
on 4 July. Immediately following the occupation's beginning, Jews were required to wear sewn
203:. Over 8,000 Jews from the surrounding region were forced into the Peresets Street ghetto.
176:
8:
561:
220:
Street ghetto, a total of 10,000 Jews were killed. No more than 350 residents survived.
30:
406:
370:[The tragedy of the Jews in Belarus during the Nazi occupation (1941-1944)].
241:
232:
A section of the tunnel by which the ghetto's residents escaped, marked with stones.
159:. Almost all of its residents were killed - only 350 survived, and 10,000 perished.
444:
101:
555:
237:
184:
156:
69:
56:
397:
Adamushko, V. I.; Biryukova, O. V.; Kryuk, V. P.; Kudryakova, G. A. (2001).
368:"Трагедия евреев на Беларуси во время фашистской оккупации (1941-1944 гг.)"
367:
180:
171:, roughly 6,000 Jews lived in the city of Navahrudak, in what was then the
168:
105:
97:
533:
506:
256:
228:
144:
44:
115:
396:
352:
Sergeyev, O. (4 May 2007). "Why the Bronze
Soldier was removed".
152:
502:"Kozlovskiy Konstantin ; Son: Gennady ; Son: Vladimir"
35:
Monument at Minsk Street to the victims of the Navahrudak Ghetto
260:
223:
244:, while others joined other detachments. According to the
440:"Jared Kushner's family is a legend in this Belarus town"
336:
310:
337:
Hnieŭka, E. N.; Mikulčyk, P. V.; Petraškievič, A. L.
311:
Hnieŭka, E. N.; Mikulčyk, P. V.; Petraškievič, A. L.
251:
13 residents of Navahrudak were granted the title of
428:, fund 861, inventory 1, case 1, sheets 33, 37, 38
553:
341:(in Belarusian). Minsk. pp. 290, 322–323.
259:, the official Holocaust memorial centre of
224:Resistance and Righteous Among the Nations
179:on 22 June 1941, the city was occupied by
29:
351:
248:, the escape was the largest in Europe.
227:
567:Jewish ghettos in Nazi-occupied Belarus
437:
554:
482:from the original on 26 September 2017
124:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions
378:from the original on 21 December 2011
478:(in Belarusian). 26 September 2017.
464:
462:
332:
330:
328:
326:
324:
322:
315:(in Belarusian). Minsk. p. 377.
306:
304:
302:
300:
298:
296:
143:was established in December 1941 in
13:
14:
588:
459:
319:
293:
162:
521:
438:Lipshiz, Cnaan (10 June 2017).
16:Nazi ghetto in occupied Belarus
572:Holocaust locations in Belarus
494:
431:
419:
390:
360:
345:
214:36th Estonian Police Battalion
206:
120:36th Estonian Police Battalion
1:
577:World War II sites in Belarus
286:
175:. Following the beginning of
426:National Archives of Belarus
403:National Archives of Belarus
7:
475:Belarusian Telegraph Agency
339:Memory: Navahrudak District
313:Memory: Navahrudak District
253:Righteous Among the Nations
246:Belarusian Telegraph Agency
10:
593:
49:Reichskommissariat Ostland
277:
167:Prior to the outbreak of
129:
111:
93:
85:
40:
28:
23:
89:December 1941–late 1943
233:
173:Second Polish Republic
231:
265:Kanstancin Kazloŭski
177:Operation Barbarossa
187:as identification.
66: /
529:"Tarnecka Barbara"
263:. Among them were
234:
242:Bielski partisans
141:Navahrudak Ghetto
137:
136:
70:53.583°N 25.817°E
24:Navahrudak Ghetto
584:
546:
545:
543:
541:
525:
519:
518:
516:
514:
498:
492:
491:
489:
487:
466:
457:
456:
454:
452:
435:
429:
423:
417:
416:
394:
388:
387:
385:
383:
364:
358:
357:
349:
343:
342:
334:
317:
316:
308:
273:
149:Byelorussian SSR
81:
80:
78:
77:
76:
71:
67:
64:
63:
62:
59:
33:
21:
20:
592:
591:
587:
586:
585:
583:
582:
581:
552:
551:
550:
549:
539:
537:
527:
526:
522:
512:
510:
500:
499:
495:
485:
483:
468:
467:
460:
450:
448:
445:Times of Israel
436:
432:
424:
420:
413:
395:
391:
381:
379:
366:
365:
361:
354:Weekly Observer
350:
346:
335:
320:
309:
294:
289:
280:
267:
226:
209:
165:
122:
118:
74:
72:
68:
65:
60:
57:
55:
53:
52:
51:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
590:
580:
579:
574:
569:
564:
548:
547:
520:
493:
458:
430:
418:
411:
405:. p. 42.
389:
374:(in Russian).
359:
344:
318:
291:
290:
288:
285:
279:
276:
225:
222:
208:
205:
185:Stars of David
164:
161:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
113:
109:
108:
102:mass shootings
95:
91:
90:
87:
83:
82:
75:53.583; 25.817
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
589:
578:
575:
573:
570:
568:
565:
563:
560:
559:
557:
536:
535:
530:
524:
509:
508:
503:
497:
481:
477:
476:
471:
465:
463:
447:
446:
441:
434:
427:
422:
414:
408:
404:
400:
393:
377:
373:
372:bibliofond.ru
369:
363:
355:
348:
340:
333:
331:
329:
327:
325:
323:
314:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
297:
292:
284:
275:
271:
266:
262:
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
239:
238:Jared Kushner
230:
221:
217:
215:
204:
202:
201:forced labour
196:
192:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
163:Establishment
160:
158:
157:the Holocaust
154:
151:(present-day
150:
146:
142:
132:
128:
125:
121:
117:
114:
110:
107:
106:forced labour
103:
99:
96:
94:Incident type
92:
88:
84:
79:
50:
46:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
538:. Retrieved
532:
523:
511:. Retrieved
505:
496:
484:. Retrieved
473:
449:. Retrieved
443:
433:
421:
398:
392:
380:. Retrieved
371:
362:
353:
347:
338:
312:
281:
250:
235:
218:
210:
197:
193:
189:
181:Nazi Germany
169:World War II
166:
140:
138:
112:Participants
98:Imprisonment
18:
268: [
207:Liquidation
73: /
562:Novogrudok
556:Categories
534:Yad Vashem
507:Yad Vashem
412:9856372194
287:References
257:Yad Vashem
155:), during
145:Navahrudak
45:Navahrudak
401:. Minsk:
147:, in the
116:Wehrmacht
540:24 April
513:24 April
486:24 April
480:Archived
451:24 April
382:24 April
376:Archived
41:Location
153:Belarus
130:Victims
61:25°49′E
58:53°35′N
409:
278:Legacy
261:Israel
133:10,000
272:]
542:2022
515:2022
488:2022
453:2022
407:ISBN
384:2022
139:The
86:Date
255:by
558::
531:.
504:.
461:^
442:.
321:^
295:^
270:be
104:,
100:,
47:,
544:.
517:.
490:.
455:.
415:.
386:.
356:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
