541:
appear alongside anti-government rallies. On 22 April, a series of explosions in
Bangkok killed at least one person and injured more than 85 others, including four foreigners. At least some of the explosions were caused by grenades, which the government claimed were fired from the Red Shirt encampment. On 28 April, Thai security forces and anti-government protesters clashed on the outskirts of Bangkok, with troops firing both over and then directly into a crowd of red shirts to keep them from expanding their demonstrations. At least 16 protesters were wounded and one soldier was killed. The soldier was found to have been shot in the back by another soldier in a case of
462:
518:
announced that they would be collecting 10 milliliters of blood from volunteer protesters and pouring the blood in a symbolic sacrifice at
Government House and other sites in Bangkok. These public blood rituals were a highly effective publicity stunt and drew widespread attention to the protests. However, critics have said that the UDD's association with blood tarnished the movement's efforts to keep its campaign "clean" and may have discouraged potential supporters, in addition to the associated cost and the health risk for cleanup crew due to HIV and hepatitis-infected blood being part of the ceremony.
133:
141:
474:
522:
protesters marched to seven locations in
Bangkok where troops had been stationed in preparation for a crackdown and convinced them to withdraw. There were dozens of bombings in Bangkok during the weeks of the protest, with nobody claiming responsibility and no arrests made. A Porsche was rammed into protester motorcycles at Rajprasong intersection, injuring several. In a separate incident, a woman rammed her car into a crowd of protesters, but drove away before she could be arrested.
454:
428:, their hands tied behind their backs and their bodies badly beaten, although police had yet to conclude if their murders were politically motivated. Abhisit aide Satit Wongnontaey claimed that red-shirted protesters shot a person dead and injured two others when residents of the Nang Lerng Market came out to criticise the protesters. No arrests were made and there was a lack of evidence to back his claims. The
125:
354:âaristocratic polity) to ensure that Abhisit became premier. Although Abhisit denied the accusations, thousands protested in Bangkok in early-April 2009, demanding that Abhisit resign from the premiership and that Prem, Surayud, and Chanchai resign from the privy council. Thaksin called for a "peoples revolution" to overcome the alleged aristocratic influences of the Abhisit government.
295:, the president of the privy council. Protests urge the immediate resignation of Prem from the privy council. Due to its insistence that palace insiders stop interfering in politics, the UDD has been criticized by the PAD as being an "anti-monarchist", and even a "republican" movement, and many websites and other media sympathetic to the UDD have been shut down under Thailand's strict
537:, a popular TV station sympathetic to the UDD. Protesters surrounded the station in the afternoon of 9 April. Tear gas was fired into the crowd, prompting the protesters to storm the station. The troops withdrew to avoid bloodshed as the protesters stole over 20 M-16 rifles from the armoury of the stationed units.
387:
Fighting erupted between anti-government protesters, government supporters, and the general population. At a demonstration in front of Prem's residence, a yellow shirted driver plunged her car into a crowd of UDD protesters injuring several before driving away. She was not arrested. Abhisit denounced
564:
CAPO (Center for the
Administration of Peace and Order), first established in August 2009, was re-established after the cabinet approved the imposition of Chapter 2 of the Internal Security Act (ISA) in seven districts of Bangkok from 9â23 February to control the rallies by the yellow shirt People's
555:
and other Red Shirt leaders surrendered to police, according to them, to prevent further bloodshed during the military crackdown on 19 May 2010. In the aftermath of this attack, 27 buildings were set ablaze in
Bangkok. The Thai military largely removed the protesters there, but pockets of resistance
383:
As the week-long
Songkran (Thai New Year) holiday began, protests escalated in Bangkok. On 8 April 2009, 100,000 UDD demonstrators rallied at Government House and nearby Royal Plaza in the evening. The government decided to declare a state of emergency in Bangkok and surrounding areas, and military
374:
on 11 April after his vehicle was attacked and damaged by UDD demonstrators. The protest subsided on the afternoon of the same day. Legislation authorizing emergency decrees was originally pushed through parliament in 2005 by the
Thaksin government, provoking charges of authoritarianism at the time
540:
On 10 April, the protests turned violent when government troops approached the red shirt encampment and fired live ammunition at some protesters. Twenty-five people were killed in the confrontation, with more than 800 people injured. Tensions continued to grow, as pro-government rallies started to
509:
On Friday, 12 March, police and military checkpoints were set up along all main routes leading to
Bangkok to inspect UDD protesters for weapons being carried into the capital. The police issued a warning that bus operators transporting people to Bangkok without official permission could have their
494:
Abhisit increased security measures to suppress 14 March protests. In the days prior to the protest, checkpoints were set up to inspect protester caravans entering
Bangkok, especially those coming from UDD strongholds in the north and northeast, with orders to detain any protesters with weapons. A
323:
Before daybreak on 2 September 2008, UDD supporters rallying at
Sanamluang attacked PAD demonstrators gathering on the Makkhawan Rangsan Bridge at Ratchadamnoen Klang Avenue. The ensuing clash left several injured on both sides and one dead on the UDD side, causing a state of emergency in Bangkok.
432:
estimated that it had incurred 10 million baht (approximately US$ 300,000) in property damage, including 31 damaged and burned buses. The Federation of the Thai Tourism Industry estimated that the damage to the tourism industry could be as high as 200 billion baht (US$ 6 billion),
403:
confirmed that there were some cases where the army fired live ammunition directly at protesters. The UDD claimed that dozens of protesters died from gunshot wounds sustained during the military's attack. The army claimed that the wounds were not caused by M-16s, the standard army rifle. Also on
423:
According to government figures, over 120 people were injured in the unrest, most of them UDD demonstrators. At least one UDD red shirt protester injured from gunshot wounds sustained during the military's attack in Din Daeng, although the army claimed the wound was not caused by their standard
521:
Negotiations between the protesters and the government failed to result in a resolution of the situation (these negotiations took place into May 2012). Even though the demonstrators conditions were met, an alleged last minute phone call from Thaksin said no to making an agreement. On 27 March,
490:
Abhisit's government expected UDD-led unrest immediately following the announcement of the supreme court's verdict on Thaksin Shinawatra's asset seizure case, despite UDD's announcement that it would not protest the verdict. Protest suppression measures were enacted, and security was increased
517:
The protests on Sunday, 14 March were the largest in Thai history, and were peaceful. However, Thailand's free-to-air TV channels, all controlled by the government or military, claimed that there were only 25,000 protesters at the main protest site, Phan Fah Bridge. On Tuesday, UDD protesters
502:
Abhisit claimed to have received intelligence that there was a terrorist threat of sabotage taking place on 14 March. The UDD denied Abhisit's allegations and dared him to reveal any evidence backing his claims. Suthep claimed that the UDD protesters planned to "besiege government offices and
577:
PAD (yellow shirt) leaders Sondhi Limthongkul, Chamlong Srimuang, and others were indicted on 27 December for storming the prime minister's office compound and sealing off parliament during the massive anti-government rallies in 2008.
424:
firearm. The UDD claimed that at least six demonstrators were killed in the unrest and their bodies hauled away by the military, although the army rejected the claim. The dead bodies of two UDD protesters were found floating in the
366:. On 11 April 2009, violent clashes occurred between the UDD and blue-shirted government supporters brought in by coalition partner Newin Chidchob. The protests caused the summit to be cancelled, leading Abhisit to declare a
307:
UDD supporters have been anti-PAD since the 2006 coup, when they accused PAD of supporting the coup. From then on, clashes between supporters of the two groups have occurred from time to time, such as the clash in
415:
documenting the government's views on the unrest. At the time, the government's emergency and censorship decrees were still in place. The state of emergency, but not the censorship decree, was lifted on 24 April.
1616:
491:
throughout the nation. Despite the government's warnings, the UDD did not protest the verdict, but instead announced that they would hold a large-scale protest in Bangkok on 14 March calling for elections.
419:
Soon afterwards, Abhisit revoked Thaksin's ordinary passport (Abhisit had revoked Thaksin's diplomatic passport shortly after taking office) and issued arrest warrants for dozens of other protest leaders.
324:
The military was called in to secure the situation, but not to disperse the demonstrators. The UDD was then seen by the public as the main adversary of the PAD, the red/yellow rivalry becoming evident.
1205:
1171:
1125:
291:, aristocratic polity)âthe system in which palace insiders, the military, and bureaucrats effectively ignore the popular mandateâwith an electoral democracy. One of the UDD's favorite targets is
17:
351:
288:
1224:
1316:
1148:
935:
436:
Prior to a gathering of the red shirts planned for 30 August 2009, the prime minister approved the establishment of the Center for the Administration of Peace and Order (CAPO) (
408:, an affiliate of the UDD which, at the time, was broadcasting the clashes. Several community radio stations were shut down and searched upon suspicion of supporting the UDD.
399:
in central Bangkok, injuring at least 70 people. The army later claimed that live rounds were only fired into the air while training rounds were fired at the crowd. However,
1837:
1600:
Protest leaders in Thailand have been indicted for storming the prime minister's office compound and sealing off Parliament during massive anti-government rallies in 2008.
1080:
40:
1967:
375:
by Abhisit. Under the state of emergency, gatherings of more than five persons were prohibited and the press was not permitted to present news which could incite worry.
1039:
613:
495:
government/military situation room for monitoring the protest, officially called the Peacekeeping Operations Command, was established at the 11th Infantry Regiment in
514:, a Democrat Party stronghold, in the early morning of 12 March. Nobody was injured or killed. It was not clear who was behind the bombings. No arrests were made.
1620:
1573:
872:
752:
2041:
1093:
347:
276:
seizure of Government House in May 2008, the UDD organized counter-demonstrations, which would sporadically result in injuries and deaths. After Prime Minister
980:
260:, five weeks before scheduled elections. UDD organized anti-government rallies during the military government's rule in 2006â2007 and opposed the military's
1168:
1122:
224:
to be dissolved so that a general election could be held. UDD accused the country's extra-democratic eliteâthe military, judiciary, certain members of the
1293:
1830:
534:
1261:
228:, and other unelected officialsâof undermining democracy by interfering in politics. The UDD is composed of mostly rural citizens from northeast (
2105:
1333:
2100:
1890:
1221:
1895:
1823:
665:
388:
the UDD protesters as "national enemies". Abhisit issued a red shirt decree that empowered the government to censor television broadcasts.
280:
took office, the UDD led major anti-government rallies in April 2009 and MarchâMay 2010, leading to violent clashes with military forces.
405:
1313:
1081:
http://www.thailandoutlook.com/thailandoutlook1/top%20menu/investor%20news/Daily%20News%20Summary?DATEDAILY=Monday,%20April%2020,%202009
1502:
1145:
1400:
932:
411:
On 21 April, Abhisit declared a "media war" designed to attack the UDD. He also announced the public distribution of millions of
1036:
506:
On 9 March, Abhisit imposed the Internal Security Act from 11â23 March. A 50,000-strong security force was deployed in Bangkok.
2110:
1939:
1810:
954:
1994:
1989:
249:
1064:
791:
772:
736:
610:
391:
In the pre-dawn of Monday, 13 April, soldiers used tear gas and fired live and training rounds to clear protesters from the
1934:
566:
1546:
445:) to draw up plans and measures to prevent and end any violent incidents that might be planned by ill-intentioned groups.
1425:
429:
691:
312:
in July 2008. There, red-shirted UDD supporters attacked a PAD rally, injuring several PAD supporters. A PAD meeting in
2006:
1767:
1587:
273:
269:
173:
1244:
2095:
1846:
912:
1020:
333:
824:
1929:
565:
Alliance for Democracy (PAD) and the red shirt United Front for Democracy against Dictatorship (UDD), to which
597:
1999:
1875:
296:
261:
1912:
338:
In March 2009, Thaksin Shinawatra claimed via a video broadcast to a UDD rally that Privy Council President
1729:
1518:
1290:
485:
236:, and of intellectuals. Although the movement seems to receive support from former prime minister-in-exile
1695:
Jim Taylor (April 2012). "Remembrance and Tragedy: Understanding Thailand's "Red Shirt" Social Movement".
649:
1917:
499:. Pro-government elements in the northeast issued threats to deter people from leaving for the capital.
461:
253:
205:
177:
1944:
1346:
265:
1373:
856:
840:
1880:
1757:
396:
225:
1795:
1678:
1649:
811:
363:
213:
720:
662:
1685:
221:
1619:. Southeast Asian Studies at the University of Freiburg, Occasional Paper (14). Archived from
1636:
967:
217:
165:
1188:
1008:
996:
1984:
1979:
1974:
140:
132:
8:
2024:
1578:
2014:
1955:
1712:
1666:
525:
Abhisit declared a state of emergency on the evening of 8 April. Troops barricaded the
400:
367:
342:
masterminded the 2006 military coup, and that Prem and fellow Privy Councillor members
317:
257:
237:
1477:
1451:
1359:
2069:
2019:
1960:
1763:
1716:
674:
425:
343:
339:
292:
277:
209:
116:
112:
1429:
473:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2029:
1744:
1704:
1583:
548:
193:
189:
181:
100:
96:
1686:
Michael J. Montesano; Pavin Chachavalpongpun; Aekapol Chongvilaivan, eds. (2012).
503:
residences of important figures, like Privy Council President Prem Tinsulanonda."
2064:
2034:
1617:"Thailand's Red Networks: From Street Forces to Eminent Civil Society Coalitions"
1320:
1297:
1274:
1248:
1228:
1175:
1152:
1129:
1068:
1061:
1043:
939:
916:
795:
788:
776:
769:
740:
733:
669:
617:
552:
371:
201:
197:
185:
108:
104:
62:
1815:
1800:
1730:"Urbanized Villagers in the 2010 Thai Redshirt Protests: Not Just Poor Farmers?"
1062:
Bt10 million "BMA property damage from protest; religious rites to be held"
1725:
169:
58:
2089:
1885:
1748:
542:
153:
453:
1907:
1551:
1523:
1426:"Number of fatalities rises to 25; Protesters vow to stay at Ratchaprasong"
1241:
841:"Abhisit Vejjajiva won the media battle but the hardest job is yet to come"
477:
629:
909:
734:
Armour, troops on streets; Gunfire in scuffle after PM declares emergency
511:
466:
350:
conspired with the military and other members of the "Ammatayathipatai" (
73:
1048:
313:
309:
299:
laws. UDD leaders and supporters have been jailed under the same laws.
496:
404:
Monday the government ordered the blocking of satellite news station
392:
1708:
1314:"Woman rescued by police after trying to slam vehicle at protesters"
633:
412:
1723:
1790:
756:
530:
233:
272:
won. In response to violent anti-government PAD rallies and the
208:. Before the July 2011 national elections, the UDD claimed that
124:
50:
2006 (as the "Democratic Alliance Against Dictatorship" or DAAD)
526:
1091:
1398:
753:"UPDATE 4-Anti-govt rally in Bangkok, PM says Asia summit on"
39:
1262:"Biased TV stations intensify divides in Thailand protests"
1206:"Thai Cabinet Approves Imposition Of Internal Security Act"
1123:"Peace-keeping Command to set up at 11th Infantry Regiment"
873:"Human Rights Watch calls for Thailand inquiry after riots"
442:
229:
1805:
1374:"Nine dead as Thai troops clash with Red Shirt protesters"
240:, not all UDD members support the deposed prime minister.
180:, and supporters of the coup. Notable UDD leaders include
1656:
1334:"Thai Military Uses Force Against 'Red Shirt' Protesters"
1094:"Center for the Administration of Peace and Order (CAPO)"
611:"New Thai Red Shirts Leader Vows to Fight for Democracy"
2042:
National United Front of Democracy Against Dictatorship
981:"Thailand revokes passport of ex-PM Thaksin Shinawatra"
212:'s government took power illegitimately, backed by the
18:
National United Front of Democracy Against Dictatorship
1659:
Redrawing Thai Political Space: The Red Shirt Movement
1614:
1242:
In Convoys of Red, Rural Masses Stage Historic Protest
362:
The UDD protests expanded to Pattaya, the site of the
910:
Community radio stations ordered to close temporarily
1688:
Bangkok May 2010: Perspectives on a Divided Thailand
1574:"Thai 'Yellow Shirt' leaders charged for 2008 rally"
1452:"'Terrorists' blamed for attacks amid Thai deadlock"
1360:"Thailand's red-shirt protesters occupy TV compound"
567:
local reaction to the CambodianâThai border dispute
812:"Sacrificing democracy won't end Thailand's chaos"
789:Hit-and-run driver plunges car into UDD protesters
770:Hit-and-run driver plunges car into UDD protesters
232:) and north Thailand, of urban lower classes from
27:Pro-democracy political pressure group in Thailand
1845:
1092:Public Relations Section, CAPO (28 August 2009).
968:"Thailand lifts emergency, plans charter reforms"
630:Thai police issue warrants for 14 protest leaders
162:National Democratic Alliance against Dictatorship
2087:
1762:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 249â251.
1516:
1399:Pasuk Phongpaichit; Chris Baker (4 April 2010).
1189:Thailand Braces for Political Rallies in Capital
933:"Govt to launch media war countering red shirts"
857:"Thai troops open fire on protesters in Bangkok"
256:which overthrew former prime minister-in-exile,
1478:"Bangkok grenade blasts kill 3, deputy PM says"
158:āđāļāļ§āļĢāđāļ§āļĄāļāļĢāļ°āļāļēāļāļīāļāđāļāļĒāļāđāļāļāđāļēāļāđāļāļāđāļāļāļēāļĢāđāļŦāđāļāļāļēāļāļī; āļāļāļ.
150:United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship
136:The demonstration of 20 March 2010, Rama 4 Road
33:United Front for Democracy Against Dictatorship
1891:Corruption in the Suvarnabhumi Airport project
1544:
1831:
1547:"Villagers rally to call on PAD to stay away"
1484:. Canada. Agence France-Presse. 22 April 2010
1347:"Thai protesters seize key satellite station"
1254:
1896:Sale of Shin Corporation to Temasek Holdings
1759:The Political Development of Modern Thailand
1275:"āđāļāļāđāļ" āđāļĒāđāļĒāđāļĨāļ·āļāļāļāļāđāļŠāļ·āđāļāđāļāļāđāļĒāļāļĒāļēāļāļāļēāļāđāļĨāļ·āļāļāļŠāļąāļ
510:concessions revoked. Five bombs exploded in
1371:
248:The UDD first formed in 2006 to oppose the
1838:
1824:
1697:Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia
1694:
1401:"Thailand Runs Out of Room for Compromise"
1222:"Red shirts to govt: 'Don't mess with us'"
703:Nirmal Ghosh, "Live: Flashpoint Pattaya",
437:
1582:. Bristol, England: Hybrid News Limited.
955:"UDD's planned video show self-defeating"
692:"Thai protesters bring Bangkok to a halt"
439:āļĻāļđāļāļĒāđāļāļģāļāļ§āļĒāļāļēāļĢāđāļāđāđāļāļŠāļāļēāļāļāļēāļĢāļāđāļāļļāļāđāļāļīāļ (āļĻāļāļ.)
283:The UDD calls for the replacement of the
825:Thai government issues censorship decree
472:
460:
457:UDD assembly, Chit Lom Station, Bangkok.
452:
164:), whose supporters are commonly called
144:Supporters on Rama 4 Road, 20 March 2010
139:
131:
123:
1755:
1037:One shot dead by red-shirted protesters
302:
14:
2106:Political career of Thaksin Shinawatra
2088:
1365:
556:still remained as of Thursday 20 May.
384:forces were brought into the capital.
2101:Political advocacy groups in Thailand
1819:
1615:Pavin Chachavalpongpun (April 2013).
1517:Online Reporters (10 February 2011).
264:. The UDD stopped protests after the
533:satellite to prevent it from airing
1806:Official Website of Dr.Snea Thinsan
1545:Wassana Nanuam (10 February 2011).
469:during 2010 Thai political protests
430:Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
24:
1657:Chairat Charoensin-o-larn (2013).
1608:
1586:. 27 December 2012. Archived from
823:Committee to Protect Journalists,
25:
2122:
1784:
1661:. Ari Springer. pp. 201â222.
1021:"Police probe 'Red Shirt' deaths"
997:"Army pressure ends Thai protest"
887:, "Red in retreat", 14 April 2009
200:. The UDD allies itself with the
1990:2006 interim civilian government
1146:"Witness the death of deference"
448:
433:resulting in 257,000 jobs lost.
334:April 2009 Thai political unrest
38:
2007:People's Alliance for Democracy
1811:2013-2014 Thai Political Crisis
1801:Political Prisoners in Thailand
1566:
1538:
1510:
1496:
1470:
1444:
1428:. 15 April 2010. Archived from
1418:
1392:
1352:
1339:
1326:
1303:
1280:
1267:
1234:
1211:
1198:
1181:
1158:
1135:
1112:
1100:. Royal Thai Embassy, Singapore
1085:
1074:
1055:
1030:
1014:
1011:. Bangkok Pundit. 13 April 2009
1002:
990:
973:
960:
944:
922:
902:
890:
878:
862:
846:
830:
817:
801:
782:
762:
746:
721:"Thailand's Failed Experiment?"
174:People's Alliance for Democracy
1690:. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing.
1291:"Thailand's Blood Red Protest"
726:
710:
697:
681:
655:
639:
623:
603:
598:"Thida elected UDD Chairwoman"
587:
327:
160:, alternatively translated as
13:
1:
2111:Political history of Thailand
2000:2007 constitution of Thailand
1876:1997 constitution of Thailand
1862:Key persons and organisations
1847:2005â06 Thai political crisis
1372:Robin Henry (10 April 2010).
899:, "Red revolt", 14 April 2009
581:
480:after the fire on 19 May 2010
1913:August 2006 Bangkok car bomb
486:2010 Thai political protests
370:in the areas of Pattaya and
7:
204:, which was deposed by the
10:
2127:
1756:Ferrara, Federico (2015).
1728:(NovemberâDecember 2011).
1519:"CAPO issues road use ban"
483:
378:
357:
331:
243:
1995:2006 Interim Constitution
1881:South Thailand insurgency
1853:
650:"Smiling for the cameras"
438:
220:. The UDD called for the
157:
90:
80:
68:
54:
46:
37:
2096:Thai democracy movements
1940:October 2006 (cancelled)
1749:10.1525/as.2011.51.6.993
999:. BBC News 14 April 2009
663:"Clash of the Thai-tans"
1169:"Monarch gets briefing"
915:28 October 2012 at the
572:
559:
364:Fourth East Asia Summit
1724:Naruemon Thabchumpon;
1644:Cite journal requires
1098:Unofficial translation
1067:2 October 2011 at the
794:2 October 2011 at the
775:2 October 2011 at the
481:
470:
458:
395:intersection near the
320:, was also disturbed.
145:
137:
129:
1247:16 March 2010 at the
1227:14 March 2010 at the
1174:12 March 2010 at the
1151:25 March 2010 at the
1128:13 March 2010 at the
1071:. MCOT. 16 April 2009
1042:16 April 2009 at the
938:24 April 2009 at the
739:27 April 2012 at the
476:
464:
456:
348:Chanchai Likhitjittha
266:2007 general election
178:2006 Thai coup d'ÃĐtat
143:
135:
127:
1985:Ruangroj Mahasaranon
1980:Saprang Kalayanamitr
1975:Sonthi Boonyaratglin
1319:9 April 2010 at the
798:. MCOT. 9 April 2009
668:23 July 2011 at the
616:22 July 2015 at the
569:forms a background.
303:UDD versus PAD, 2008
270:People's Power Party
2025:Somkiat Pongpaiboon
1796:UDD News on Youtube
1590:on 31 December 2012
1579:Asian Correspondent
1504:Wall Street Journal
1432:on 4 September 2012
1405:Wall Street Journal
1296:27 May 2010 at the
250:military government
34:
2015:Sondhi Limthongkul
1956:Thaksin Shinawatra
1623:on 23 October 2013
678:. 2 September 2008
600:, 15 February 2012
482:
471:
459:
401:Human Rights Watch
368:state of emergency
318:Thaksin Shinawatra
258:Thaksin Shinawatra
238:Thaksin Shinawatra
206:2014 military coup
146:
138:
130:
109:Dr.Weng Tojirakarn
32:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2070:Kokaew Pikulthong
2020:Chamlong Srimuang
1961:Prem Tinsulanonda
1025:The Straits Times
675:The Straits Times
609:Chiang Rai Times,
426:Chao Phraya River
344:Surayud Chulanont
340:Prem Tinsulanonda
293:Prem Tinsulanonda
278:Abhisit Vejjajiva
262:2007 constitution
210:Abhisit Vejjajiva
168:, is a political
122:
121:
117:Thida Thavornseth
113:Kokaew Pikulthong
16:(Redirected from
2118:
2060:Jakrapob Penkair
2055:Jatuporn Prompan
2050:Veera Musikapong
2030:Somsak Kosaisuuk
1918:2006 coup d'ÃĐtat
1856:
1855:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1817:
1816:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1752:
1734:
1720:
1691:
1682:
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661:Ghosh, Nirmal.
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202:Pheu Thai Party
198:Weng Tojirakarn
186:Nattawut Saikua
172:opposed to the
128:The UDD in 2007
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1773:. Retrieved
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1737:Asian Survey
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1696:
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1637:cite journal
1625:. Retrieved
1621:the original
1599:
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1588:the original
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1552:Bangkok Post
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1524:Bangkok Post
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1430:the original
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1287:The Diplomat
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467:Type 85 APCs
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297:lÃĻse majestÃĐ
284:
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1859:Main events
1675:|work=
1594:30 December
1558:10 February
1530:10 February
1273:Prachatai,
1204:Dow Jones,
1104:10 February
512:Surat Thani
328:2009 unrest
176:(PAD), the
2090:Categories
1935:April 2006
1775:20 October
1310:The Nation
1218:The Nation
1165:The Nation
1142:The Nation
1119:The Nation
1049:The Nation
929:The Nation
582:References
314:Chiang Mai
310:Udon Thani
166:Red Shirts
92:Key people
1924:Elections
1717:145259518
1677:ignored (
1667:cite book
1378:The Times
1009:It Begins
966:Reuters,
853:The Times
837:The Times
497:Bang Khen
406:D Station
393:Din Daeng
218:judiciary
214:Thai Army
1791:UDD News
1627:13 March
1488:22 April
1462:23 April
1456:BBC News
1436:15 April
1410:14 April
1384:10 April
1380:. London
1317:Archived
1294:Archived
1245:Archived
1225:Archived
1172:Archived
1149:Archived
1126:Archived
1065:Archived
1040:Archived
936:Archived
913:Archived
792:Archived
773:Archived
737:Archived
666:Archived
634:NBC News
614:Archived
372:Chonburi
252:and the
216:and the
86:Thailand
1870:Prelude
808:The Age
757:Reuters
531:Thaicom
379:Bangkok
358:Pattaya
244:History
234:Bangkok
152:(UDD) (
76:polity"
47:Founded
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768:MCOT,
732:MCOT,
527:uplink
196:, and
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2009:(PAD)
1733:(PDF)
1713:S2CID
1358:BBC,
1332:VOA,
1260:CSM,
1240:IPS,
1187:WSJ,
465:Thai
69:Focus
1777:2016
1764:ISBN
1679:help
1650:help
1629:2014
1596:2012
1560:2011
1532:2011
1490:2010
1464:2010
1438:2010
1412:2010
1386:2010
1345:FT,
1106:2011
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560:2011
443:CAPO
413:VCDs
346:and
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