401:. The criteria for receiving aid were both racial and political, as individuals could be denied assistance for being Jewish and also for being Communists, Social Democrats, or other political opponents of the regime. The NSV sought to apply these principles to all areas of public and private assistance and charitable work, by extending its competence and control as broadly as possible. Thus, for example, one of the NSV branches, the Office of Institutional and Special Welfare, asserted its authority over all activities related to "travellers' aid at railway stations; relief for ex-convicts; support for re-migrants from abroad; assistance for the physically disabled, hard-of-hearing, deaf, mute, and blind; relief for the elderly, homeless and alcoholics; and the fight against illicit drugs and epidemics." Another branch, the Office of Youth Relief, which had 30,000 offices by 1941, took the job of supervising "social workers, corrective training, mediation assistance" and dealing with judicial authorities to prevent juvenile delinquency.
445:, the NSV took over more and more governmental responsibilities, especially in the fields of child and youth labor. The NSV budget routinely ran a deficit and had to be subsidized with funds from the central government, and these subsidies increased significantly just before and after the outbreak of war, more than doubling in three budgetary years from 640.4 million Reichsmarks in 1938 to 1.395 billion Reichsmarks by 1941. The Nazi government did not wish to increase taxes on German citizens to pay for the NSV's expenses, so an alternative solution was found: theft of benefits and wages from forced laborers and the populations of conquered territories. The forced labor of non-Germans and the confiscation of Jewish assets were used to provide the necessary subsidies for the NSV during the war, especially after 1941.
387:
composed of "alcoholics, tramps, homosexuals, prostitutes, the 'work-shy' or the 'asocial', habitual criminals, the hereditarily ill (a widely defined category) and members of races other than the Aryan." Within these limitations, 17 million
Germans received assistance under the auspices of NSV by 1939, and the agency operated 8,000 day-nurseries, funded holiday homes for mothers, distributed additional food for large families and was involved with a wide variety of other facilities. It "projected a powerful image of caring and support" for those who were seen as full members of the German racial community, while also inspiring fear through its intrusive questioning and the threat of opening a
417:), which coordinated an annual drive to collect charity for the poor to provide them with heating and food over the winter months. Goebbels claimed that this was neither state welfare nor charity, but rather a new type of "racial self-help run by the German people for the German people." The Winter Relief program officially relied on voluntary donations, but in practice those donations were often collected by armed members of the Nazi Party going door to door in uniform, or by
2100:
34:
367:
279:, Hitler expressed indignation against social welfare for helping the degenerate and the feeble. The Nazis believed that the German race had to be strengthened through a process of natural selection, which required weeding out its weakest elements, so they condemned the goals of charity and philanthropy. They opposed the extensive welfare system of the
359:. The Nazis disbanded the socialist and Christian workers' associations and seized their assets, restricted the activities of the Jewish agency to helping ethnic Jews, and sought to "coordinate" the remaining three agencies under the control of the NSV. The non-Nazi charities were forced to accept the principles of
394:
Under the NSV, German social welfare and voluntary charity were thoroughly restructured to follow the racial and ideological goals of the Nazi state. The Nazi government declared that in the future, welfare and charitable aid would be granted only to individuals who were "racially superior" and could
386:
The NSV restricted its assistance from the very beginning to individuals of "Aryan descent" who met a range of conditions to be deemed worthy of support, officially stating that its aim was to promote "the living, healthy forces of the German people." The list of those excluded from NSV benefits was
338:
organisation and the Inner
Mission," so as to exclude Jews, non-Germans, opponents of the Nazi regime, and other "racially inferior" persons from receiving aid. Before the Nazi seizure of power, there had been seven main charitable networks in Germany: two socialist welfare organizations (one run by
270:
While the Nazi Party had existed since 1920, it did not initially set up its own social welfare department as several other German political parties had done. Nazi ideology was in principle unfavourable to the idea of social welfare. Writing in
327:
Two years later, after Hitler was appointed
Chancellor of Germany, the NSV became established as the single Nazi Party welfare organ on 3 May 1933. On 21 September in the same year, Hilgenfeldt was appointed as Reich Commissioner for the
311:(regional Nazi Party leader) of Berlin, realized the propaganda potential of a small Nazi People's Welfare Association founded by one of the Berlin party branches, and sought to expand it. Goebbels placed
421:
members who were keeping lists of who had or had not contributed. A law was passed in 1934 that allowed the
Interior Minister and the Nazi Party Treasurer to suspend any charities that competed with the
1958:
953:
378:. It had 4.7 million members and 520,000 volunteer workers. Nazi Party members who were active in communal welfare professionally or as volunteers had to be NSV members.
250:
turned it into a party organization that was to be active throughout the country. The structure of the NSV was based on the Nazi Party model, with local (
1190:
334:(Winter Support Programme). Hitler directed Hilgenfeldt to "see to the disbanding of all private welfare institutions" and to "take charge of the
2157:
1885:
1040:
1866:
2147:
948:
363:
and refrain from helping those deemed biologically unfit, while the German Red Cross was compelled to appoint Nazis to prominent positions.
943:
283:
for being wasteful, bureaucratic, and helping the wrong people, since it distributed welfare benefits indiscriminately without regard for
1878:
469:
decree disbanded the NSV, like all organizations linked to the Nazi Party. New social welfare organizations were established during the
2142:
2137:
1856:
1948:
1583:
2132:
490:
1963:
234:. The NSV was originally established in 1931 as a small Nazi Party-affiliated charity, which was active locally in the city of
1071:
808:
303:
in
Germany, and it had become politically untenable for the Nazis to write off the destitute as not worth helping. In 1931,
1873:
968:
1518:
1912:
975:
340:
2127:
2122:
692:
664:
640:
603:
532:
1226:
881:
2152:
2070:
1280:
1033:
958:
680:Öffentliche Wohlfahrt und Judenverfolgung: Wechselwirkungen lokaler und zentraler Politik im NS-Staat (1933–1942)
685:
Public
Welfare and persecution of Jews: Interactions of local and central politics in the Nazi state (1933-1942)
525:
Pedagogics of demarcation: The implementation of racial hygiene in
National Socialism via the special pedagogics
520:
Pädagogik der
Abgrenzung: Die Implementierung der Rassenhygiene im Nationalsozialismus durch die Sonderpädagogik
963:
1448:
1418:
1406:
454:
1938:
1221:
1717:
347:), the Christian workers' welfare association, the national Jewish charitable agency, the Roman Catholic
284:
1752:
1892:
1817:
1438:
1185:
1028:
344:
315:
in charge of this association, after
Hilgenfeldt had organized a successful charity drive to celebrate
1236:
470:
426:; this was used to force the other charities to limit their collection drives to the summer months.
2042:
1986:
1802:
1788:
1318:
1231:
1155:
1081:
1057:
1023:
227:
1722:
2037:
1996:
1943:
1777:
458:
1662:
1523:
1351:
1200:
938:
430:
429:
In 1939, the NSV was also involved in the distribution of soup to the citizens of Warsaw after
518:
2085:
1918:
1513:
1463:
1458:
798:
678:
2075:
1968:
1851:
1672:
1076:
874:
1506:
1501:
8:
2015:
1841:
1292:
1261:
1096:
375:
1273:
2065:
1807:
1742:
1538:
1423:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1346:
1170:
926:
1212:
2025:
2020:
1991:
1846:
1632:
1561:
1386:
1266:
1165:
1086:
1047:
804:
688:
660:
636:
599:
528:
397:
312:
300:
165:
1652:
2049:
1861:
1767:
1692:
1637:
1533:
1411:
1246:
1139:
1014:
780:
728:
712:
652:
628:
591:
570:
547:
374:
The NSV was the second largest Nazi group organization by 1935, second only to the
356:
296:
1762:
1304:
2103:
2058:
1822:
1737:
1732:
1712:
1682:
1647:
1550:
1543:
1428:
1129:
867:
496:
410:
348:
335:
330:
322:
304:
280:
219:
796:
461:
issued a special law outlawing the Nazi Party and all of its branches. Known as
2032:
1897:
1812:
1757:
1747:
1703:
1612:
1592:
1381:
1358:
1251:
1149:
1134:
1091:
989:
466:
243:
1602:
1570:
2116:
1953:
1687:
1622:
1607:
1494:
1485:
1374:
1323:
1313:
1241:
1124:
1103:
999:
433:. Jews were excluded from the effort, which focused on the propaganda value.
360:
352:
1667:
1907:
1772:
1727:
1677:
1657:
1642:
1597:
1528:
1453:
1297:
1180:
1119:
1064:
1052:
933:
478:
474:
442:
418:
316:
247:
118:
764:
Visions of
Community in Nazi Germany: Social Engineering and Private Lives
751:
Visions of Community in Nazi Germany: Social Engineering and Private Lives
617:
Visions of Community in Nazi Germany: Social Engineering and Private Lives
2080:
1627:
1473:
1443:
1287:
1160:
231:
846:
830:
1617:
1367:
1330:
1256:
1144:
982:
851:
Hitler's Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State
835:
Hitler's Beneficiaries: Plunder, Racial War, and the Nazi Welfare State
272:
239:
177:
1797:
1478:
1112:
908:
803:. Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press. pp. 37–38.
391:
investigation on those who did not fulfill the criteria for support.
308:
33:
1468:
1433:
1175:
619:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 2, p. 92-93.
917:
388:
134:
1339:
1195:
890:
366:
276:
235:
70:
323:
Expansion of NSV and disbanding of other welfare organisations
287:
and often assisted people that the Nazis considered inferior.
1902:
797:
Emanuel Ringelblum; Joseph Kermish; Shmuel Krakowski (1992).
766:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp. 93–94.
381:
144:
Food distribution, day-nurseries, Holiday homes for mothers
853:. New York City, New York: Metropolitan Books. p. 161-164.
859:
787:. New York City, New York: The Penguin Press. p. 485-487.
753:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 93.
735:. New York City, New York: The Penguin Press. p. 489-490.
837:. New York City, New York: Metropolitan Books. p. 163.
687:] (in German). Oldenbourg Verlag. pp. 30–31.
659:. New York City, New York: Hill and Wang. p. 220-221.
635:. New York City, New York: Hill and Wang. p. 219-220.
790:
719:. New York City, New York: The Penguin Press. p. 489.
577:. New York City, New York: The Penguin Press. p. 484.
554:. New York City, New York: The Penguin Press. p. 483.
265:
800:
Polish-Jewish Relations During the Second World War
527:] (in German). Julius Klinkhardt. p. 314.
598:. New York City, New York: Hill and Wang. p. 219.
2114:
106:Welfare services for the German racial community
1868:National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
875:
587:
585:
583:
2056:
2047:
1887:National Socialist Workers' Party of Denmark
1568:
1559:
1548:
1492:
1483:
1365:
1356:
1337:
1328:
1302:
1271:
1110:
1101:
1062:
1038:
997:
987:
973:
924:
915:
906:
776:
774:
772:
745:
743:
741:
882:
868:
708:
706:
704:
615:Martina Steber and Bernhard Gotto (2014).
580:
566:
564:
562:
560:
382:Racially and socially restrictive criteria
193:Punitive taxes on non-German forced labour
1857:German National Movement in Liechtenstein
409:One of the NSV's main activities was the
769:
738:
365:
762:Martina Steber; Bernhard Gotto (2014).
749:Martina Steber; Bernhard Gotto (2014).
701:
557:
541:
290:
275:about his time spent among the poor in
2158:Germany home front during World War II
2115:
676:
863:
516:
224:Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt
195:Expropriation in occupied territories
26:Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt
2148:Organizations disestablished in 1945
1874:National Socialist Movement of Chile
491:National Socialist War Victim's Care
785:The Third Reich in Power, 1933-1939
733:The Third Reich in Power, 1933-1939
717:The Third Reich in Power, 1933-1939
575:The Third Reich in Power, 1933-1939
552:The Third Reich in Power, 1933-1939
238:. On 3 May 1933, shortly after the
216:National Socialist People's Welfare
20:National Socialist People's Welfare
13:
1913:World Union of National Socialists
1072:Adolf Hitler's cult of personality
976:Nationalsozialistische Monatshefte
411:Winter Relief of the German People
14:
2169:
2143:Organizations established in 1933
2138:1945 disestablishments in Germany
1959:Last surviving war crime suspects
266:Nazi opposition to social welfare
2099:
2098:
1949:Nazi Party leaders and officials
32:
16:Nazi social-welfare organization
2071:Political views of Adolf Hitler
840:
824:
756:
722:
2133:1933 establishments in Germany
1964:Speeches given by Adolf Hitler
670:
657:The Third Reich: A New History
646:
633:The Third Reich: A New History
622:
609:
596:The Third Reich: A New History
510:
453:In 1945, after Nazi Germany's
448:
319:'s birthday on 20 April 1931.
1:
1898:Ossewabrandwag (South Africa)
503:
404:
1939:Bibliography of Adolf Hitler
1222:Aestheticization of politics
7:
1879:National Socialist Movement
1847:Arrow Cross Party (Hungary)
484:
295:By the 1930s, however, the
54:; 93 years ago
10:
2174:
1893:Nordic Resistance Movement
1029:National Socialist Program
889:
459:Allied Military Government
436:
187:Central government subsidy
2096:
2004:
1978:
1930:
1862:Nasjonal Samling (Norway)
1830:
1787:
1702:
1582:
1211:
1013:
897:
395:prove their value to the
370:NSV membership card, 1935
199:
183:
171:
161:
148:
140:
128:
110:
102:
94:
76:
66:
48:
40:
31:
25:
24:
2128:Nazi Party organizations
2123:Social welfare charities
1803:Nazi concentration camps
1319:Economic interventionism
1281:Jewish conspiracy theory
1082:Night of the Long Knives
1058:Religion in Nazi Germany
230:organization during the
1908:Tsagaan Khas (Mongolia)
2153:Berlin in World War II
2057:
2048:
1569:
1560:
1549:
1524:Social interventionism
1493:
1484:
1366:
1357:
1352:Greater Germanic Reich
1338:
1329:
1303:
1272:
1111:
1102:
1063:
1039:
1034:Hitler's rise to power
998:
988:
974:
939:League of German Girls
925:
916:
907:
517:Brill, Werner (2011).
471:postwar reconstruction
455:defeat in World War II
371:
223:
82:; 79 years ago
1818:Human experimentation
1514:Reactionary modernism
1459:Anti-Slavic sentiment
1186:Human experimentation
918:Geheime Staatspolizei
677:Gruner, Wolf (2009).
369:
343:and the other by the
1852:German American Bund
1232:Anti-intellectualism
1077:Enabling Act of 1933
431:the city's surrender
291:Foundation in Berlin
189:Public contributions
98:Welfare organization
1979:Role and impact in
1842:American Nazi Party
1293:Cult of personality
1262:Class collaboration
1171:Extermination camps
1156:Concentration camps
1097:Anti-Comintern Pact
376:German Labour Front
262:) administrations.
173:Parent organization
21:
2066:German Romanticism
1954:Nazi Party members
1808:Extermination camp
1201:Racial segregation
927:Deutsches Jungvolk
372:
19:
2110:
2109:
1683:Strasser (Gregor)
1562:Volksgemeinschaft
1507:Völkisch movement
1502:Völkisch equality
1087:Nuremberg rallies
1048:German rearmament
810:978-0-8101-0963-6
398:Volksgemeinschaft
351:, the Protestant
313:Erich Hilgenfeldt
301:mass unemployment
212:
211:
166:Erich Hilgenfeldt
2165:
2102:
2101:
2062:
2053:
2050:Drang nach Osten
1888:
1869:
1778:von Sebottendorf
1574:
1565:
1554:
1534:State capitalism
1519:Social Darwinism
1498:
1489:
1371:
1362:
1343:
1334:
1308:
1277:
1274:DolchstoĂźlegende
1247:Authoritarianism
1140:Nuremberg trials
1116:
1107:
1068:
1044:
1003:
993:
979:
930:
921:
912:
884:
877:
870:
861:
860:
854:
844:
838:
828:
822:
821:
819:
817:
794:
788:
781:Richard J. Evans
778:
767:
760:
754:
747:
736:
729:Richard J. Evans
726:
720:
713:Richard J. Evans
710:
699:
698:
674:
668:
653:Michael Burleigh
650:
644:
629:Michael Burleigh
626:
620:
613:
607:
592:Michael Burleigh
589:
578:
571:Richard J. Evans
568:
555:
548:Richard J. Evans
545:
539:
538:
514:
357:German Red Cross
297:Great Depression
258:) and district (
204:
191:Employment taxes
153:
121:
90:
88:
83:
80:May 9, 1945
62:
60:
55:
36:
22:
18:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2076:Racial theories
2059:Generalplan Ost
2006:
2000:
1980:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1944:Nazi ideologues
1926:
1925:
1924:
1886:
1881:(United States)
1880:
1867:
1832:
1826:
1823:Romani genocide
1790:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1688:Strasser (Otto)
1578:
1577:
1576:
1551:Gleichschaltung
1544:Totalitarianism
1429:One-party state
1237:Anti-liberalism
1207:
1206:
1205:
1130:Tripartite Pact
1041:Machtergreifung
1009:
1008:
1007:
893:
888:
858:
857:
845:
841:
829:
825:
815:
813:
811:
795:
791:
779:
770:
761:
757:
748:
739:
727:
723:
711:
702:
695:
675:
671:
651:
647:
627:
623:
614:
610:
590:
581:
569:
558:
546:
542:
535:
515:
511:
506:
497:Winterhilfswerk
487:
463:Law number five
451:
439:
424:Winterhilfswerk
415:Winterhilfswerk
407:
384:
331:Winterhilfswerk
325:
305:Joseph Goebbels
293:
281:Weimar Republic
268:
205:
202:
194:
192:
190:
188:
174:
154:
151:
131:
124:
117:
86:
84:
81:
58:
56:
53:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2171:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2108:
2107:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2033:Beefsteak Nazi
2030:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1982:
1981:German society
1976:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1922:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1813:Final Solution
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1793:
1791:and war crimes
1785:
1784:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1753:von Liebenfels
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1663:von Ribbentrop
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1566:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1389:
1384:
1382:Indoctrination
1379:
1378:
1377:
1372:
1363:
1359:Heim ins Reich
1354:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1309:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1252:Blood and soil
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1227:Anti-communism
1224:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:Doctors' Trial
1163:
1158:
1150:Final solution
1147:
1142:
1137:
1135:Denazification
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1094:
1092:Nuremberg Laws
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1024:Early timeline
1021:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1006:
1005:
995:
990:Sturmabteilung
985:
980:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
922:
913:
903:
902:
901:
899:
895:
894:
887:
886:
879:
872:
864:
856:
855:
839:
823:
809:
789:
768:
755:
737:
721:
700:
693:
669:
645:
621:
608:
579:
556:
540:
533:
508:
507:
505:
502:
501:
500:
493:
486:
483:
467:denazification
450:
447:
438:
435:
406:
403:
383:
380:
324:
321:
292:
289:
267:
264:
244:Weimar Germany
242:took power in
228:social welfare
210:
209:
206:
200:
197:
196:
185:
181:
180:
175:
172:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
155:
149:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
132:
130:Region served
129:
126:
125:
123:
122:
114:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
29:
28:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2170:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2105:
2095:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1987:The Wehrmacht
1985:
1983:
1977:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1786:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:Seyss-Inquart
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1495:Untermenschen
1491:
1488:
1487:
1486:Rassenschande
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1375:Pan-Germanism
1373:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1314:Direct action
1312:
1307:
1306:
1305:FĂĽhrerprinzip
1301:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:Anti-pacifism
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1125:The Holocaust
1123:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1104:Kristallnacht
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1012:
1002:
1001:
1000:Schutzstaffel
996:
992:
991:
986:
984:
981:
978:
977:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
929:
928:
923:
920:
919:
914:
911:
910:
905:
904:
900:
896:
892:
885:
880:
878:
873:
871:
866:
865:
862:
852:
848:
843:
836:
832:
827:
812:
806:
802:
801:
793:
786:
782:
777:
775:
773:
765:
759:
752:
746:
744:
742:
734:
730:
725:
718:
714:
709:
707:
705:
696:
694:9783486594829
690:
686:
682:
681:
673:
666:
665:0-8090-9326-X
662:
658:
654:
649:
642:
641:0-8090-9326-X
638:
634:
630:
625:
618:
612:
605:
604:0-8090-9326-X
601:
597:
593:
588:
586:
584:
576:
572:
567:
565:
563:
561:
553:
549:
544:
536:
534:9783781518353
530:
526:
522:
521:
513:
509:
499:
498:
494:
492:
489:
488:
482:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
446:
444:
434:
432:
427:
425:
420:
416:
412:
402:
400:
399:
392:
390:
379:
377:
368:
364:
362:
358:
354:
353:Inner Mission
350:
346:
342:
337:
333:
332:
320:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
263:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
226:, NSV) was a
225:
221:
217:
207:
198:
186:
182:
179:
176:
170:
167:
164:
160:
156:
147:
143:
139:
136:
133:
127:
120:
116:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
30:
23:
2021:Architecture
1969:SS personnel
1917:
1903:SUMKA (Iran)
1529:Social order
1454:Antisemitism
1407:Palingenetic
1298:Dictatorship
1267:Conspiracism
1191:Labour camps
1161:Deportations
1148:
1120:World War II
1065:Kirchenkampf
1053:Nazi Germany
934:Hitler Youth
898:Organisation
850:
842:
834:
826:
814:. Retrieved
799:
792:
784:
763:
758:
750:
732:
724:
716:
684:
679:
672:
656:
648:
632:
624:
616:
611:
595:
574:
551:
543:
524:
519:
512:
495:
479:East Germany
462:
452:
443:World War II
440:
428:
423:
419:Hitler Youth
414:
408:
396:
393:
385:
373:
329:
326:
317:Adolf Hitler
294:
269:
259:
255:
251:
248:Adolf Hitler
215:
213:
119:Nazi Germany
41:Abbreviation
2081:Strasserism
1743:de Gobineau
1718:Chamberlain
1584:Politicians
1571:Volkskörper
1474:Master race
1444:Prussianism
1392:Nationalism
1347:Imperialism
1288:Corporatism
449:Disbandment
299:had caused
254:), county (
232:Third Reich
201:Volunteers
157:4.7 million
150:Membership
2117:Categories
1789:Atrocities
1704:Ideologues
1539:Syncretism
1464:Aryan race
1439:Propaganda
1387:Militarism
1368:Lebensraum
1331:Geopolitik
1257:Chauvinism
1145:Neo-Nazism
983:Nazi Party
504:References
405:Activities
355:, and the
273:Mein Kampf
240:Nazi Party
178:Nazi Party
87:1945-05-09
67:Founded at
1798:Action T4
1768:Rosenberg
1748:Haushofer
1693:Streicher
1479:Nordicism
1424:New Order
1113:Anschluss
909:Ahnenerbe
309:Gauleiter
77:Dissolved
49:Formation
2104:Category
2043:Glossary
1758:von List
1713:Baeumler
1648:Goebbels
1633:Heydrich
1613:Eichmann
1469:Aryanism
1434:Populism
1324:Eugenics
1213:Ideology
1176:Genocide
849:(2007).
847:Götz Aly
833:(2007).
831:Götz Aly
783:(2005).
731:(2005).
715:(2005).
655:(2000).
631:(2000).
594:(2000).
573:(2005).
550:(2005).
485:See also
473:of both
361:eugenics
141:Services
111:Location
2038:Economy
2005:Related
1997:Economy
1833:Germany
1831:Outside
1773:Schmitt
1658:Lammers
1638:Himmler
1608:Drexler
1598:Daluege
1593:Bormann
1419:New Man
1196:Pogroms
1181:Ghettos
1015:History
816:1 March
465:, this
441:During
437:Funding
389:Gestapo
349:Caritas
336:Caritas
208:520,000
184:Funding
135:Germany
103:Purpose
85: (
57: (
2026:Cinema
2007:topics
1992:Cinema
1763:MĂĽller
1733:Eckart
1653:Göring
1643:Hitler
1603:Dönitz
1449:Racism
1402:Racial
1340:Heimat
949:NSDStB
891:Nazism
807:
691:
663:
639:
602:
531:
457:, the
307:, the
277:Vienna
236:Berlin
220:German
203:(1935)
162:Leader
152:(1935)
71:Berlin
2086:Women
1931:Lists
1919:More…
1738:Feder
1723:Darré
1678:Speer
1623:Frick
1618:Frank
1412:Ultra
1397:Ethno
944:NSDĂ„B
683:[
523:[
256:Kreis
1728:Devi
1668:Röhm
1628:Hess
1004:(SS)
994:(SA)
964:NSKK
959:NSFK
954:NSRL
818:2011
805:ISBN
689:ISBN
661:ISBN
637:ISBN
600:ISBN
529:ISBN
477:and
475:West
339:the
285:race
214:The
95:Type
59:1931
52:1931
2016:Art
969:NSF
345:KPD
341:SPD
260:Gau
252:Ort
44:NSV
2119::
771:^
740:^
703:^
582:^
559:^
481:.
246:,
222::
883:e
876:t
869:v
820:.
697:.
667:.
643:.
606:.
537:.
413:(
218:(
89:)
61:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
