36:
395:
4107:
1303:
1273:
1243:
1213:
1067:
979:
1311:
1281:
1251:
1221:
1191:
1184:
1162:
1155:
1133:
1126:
1104:
1097:
1075:
1045:
1038:
1016:
1009:
987:
349:, it was given more say at the local level, where non-Ba'athists and independent candidates are fielded. While the Ba'ath Party controls vast majority of votes in the central committees, a number of seats in the local are allotted for members of other NPF parties and independents. These minor
353:
are legally required to accept the leadership of the Ba'ath Party. The non-Ba'athist parties in the
Progressive Front, for example, are not allowed to canvass for supporters in the army or the student body which are "reserved exclusively for the Ba'ath."
314:, through which Syrian Ba'ath party governs the country by permitting nominal participation of smaller, satellite parties. The NPF is part of Ba'ath Party's efforts to expand its support base and neutralize prospects for any sustainable
357:
From 1972 to 2011, only parties participating in the NPF had been legally permitted to operate in Syria. The
Legislative Decree on Parties law of 2011, Legislative Decree on General Elections Law of 2011 and the new
3419:
2056:
3409:
3316:
2750:
2545:
345:
to provide for a limited degree of participation in government by political parties other than the ruling Ba'ath Party. While NPF has little influence in central bodies such as the
3414:
2407:
4532:
3558:
3399:
3358:
718:
1387:
858:
755:
3348:
685:
3379:
2078:
4092:
3593:
4124:
3426:
3404:
3306:
825:
593:
456:
303:
3311:
656:
494:
4562:
4552:
2005:
325:. The satellite parties within the NPF have smaller political power and largely function as networks for mobilizing loyalty to the government.
4274:
4070:
3769:
891:
626:
4547:
4385:
3650:
3265:
1566:
4567:
4496:
4129:
3904:
3886:
1890:
820:
4537:
4249:
4191:
3665:
3643:
3623:
3296:
1881:
1858:
750:
3613:
3394:
3323:
1658:"SANA Syrian News Agency - Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic Approved in Popular Referendum on February 27, 2012, Article 8"
1364:
4202:
3754:
3733:
3583:
3279:
2413:
1675:
370:
4542:
4085:
1632:
1607:
4557:
4522:
3333:
3328:
1485:
2015:
4452:
3784:
3723:
2051:
1657:
4577:
4422:
4355:
4259:
4229:
4179:
3854:
3819:
3384:
713:
4527:
4447:
4294:
4244:
4143:
4101:
3809:
3764:
3510:
1289:
1259:
1229:
1199:
1170:
1141:
1112:
1083:
1053:
1024:
995:
965:
945:
522:
374:
250:
4078:
3728:
3472:
3125:
2555:
1549:
1524:
1460:
1431:
1414:
1326:
378:
1779:
1761:
4468:
4442:
4340:
4289:
4254:
4161:
4155:
4149:
3874:
3869:
3859:
3660:
3633:
3374:
3135:
1391:
621:
588:
555:
4269:
4137:
3881:
3301:
3095:
2705:
489:
366:
4427:
4380:
4279:
3703:
2073:
1908:
4100:
3914:
3824:
3779:
2700:
1943:
1851:
1742:
444:
346:
196:
2025:
2000:
1980:
4335:
3708:
2665:
2615:
1501:
210:
101:
4406:
4370:
4284:
4185:
4173:
3849:
3814:
3774:
3655:
3353:
3033:
2068:
1433:
The
Kurdish opposition and the Baath regime in Syria: between identity dynamics and cooptation strategies
783:
680:
407:
4473:
4264:
4027:
4020:
3839:
3759:
3008:
2989:
2083:
318:
or left-wing opposition, by instigating splits within independent leftist parties or repressing them.
4478:
4437:
4330:
3909:
3718:
3531:
886:
853:
1480:. 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036: Brookings Institution Press. p. 26.
4432:
4365:
3829:
3680:
2795:
2730:
2580:
2280:
1844:
330:
4572:
4350:
4234:
4167:
3834:
3638:
3338:
3215:
2905:
2590:
2560:
1938:
1933:
1346:
650:
35:
4360:
4325:
4320:
4210:
3864:
3670:
3200:
3180:
3170:
3120:
2925:
2900:
2835:
2740:
2675:
2620:
2575:
2275:
2180:
4315:
4299:
3456:
3343:
3195:
3145:
2920:
2715:
2695:
2518:
2468:
2329:
2260:
2098:
1964:
896:
760:
466:
359:
157:
321:
NPF model has been instrumentalized by the Ba'athist system to enforce a highly centralized
4375:
3105:
3018:
2870:
2815:
2685:
2610:
2463:
2265:
569:
333:
are strictly prohibited for non-Ba'athist parties in the NPF, amongst other restrictions.
8:
4239:
3515:
3220:
3063:
2930:
2885:
2855:
2840:
2680:
2670:
2660:
2645:
1990:
377:
to the parliament. However, the SSNP supported the re-election of Bashar al-Assad in the
322:
1372:
412:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
3844:
3789:
3500:
3185:
3160:
3048:
2880:
2785:
2595:
2565:
2448:
2382:
2202:
2041:
1995:
1985:
1836:
1783:
1723:
1495:
499:
287:
255:
185:
175:
153:
1679:
4501:
4221:
3675:
3210:
3175:
3115:
2945:
2760:
2725:
2655:
2650:
2630:
2585:
2428:
2212:
2046:
1545:
1520:
1481:
1456:
1410:
350:
245:
189:
161:
108:
56:
3963:
3953:
3713:
3190:
2940:
2935:
2825:
2805:
2790:
2600:
2570:
2488:
2458:
2453:
2372:
2185:
2103:
2010:
1517:
Syria's
Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics
1455:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. pp. 121, 274, 275.
1453:
Syria's
Peasantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Notables, and Their Politics
790:
694:
536:
326:
295:
141:
113:
4491:
4051:
3588:
3578:
3505:
3451:
3073:
3053:
2950:
2915:
2910:
2895:
2860:
2780:
2770:
2710:
2625:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2478:
2438:
2392:
2367:
2297:
2255:
2222:
1867:
1762:"Quwat Muqatili al-Asha'ir: Tribal Auxiliary Forces of the Military Intelligence"
527:
461:
271:
46:
4401:
4345:
4045:
3968:
3598:
3230:
3165:
3110:
3058:
3023:
2965:
2960:
2775:
2765:
2690:
2640:
2508:
2443:
2433:
2387:
2307:
2270:
2250:
2207:
2175:
2093:
2088:
2020:
1928:
1661:
1636:
1611:
1515:
Batatu, Hanna (1999). "13: The Post-1970 Asad-molded, Career-oriented Ba'ath".
900:
863:
830:
764:
727:
602:
342:
311:
299:
117:
66:
4516:
3988:
3983:
3603:
3155:
3150:
3043:
2975:
2955:
2875:
2830:
2820:
2720:
2635:
2498:
2483:
2377:
1476:
Leverett, Flynt (2005). "Chapter Two: Hafiz's Legacy, Bashar's
Inheritance".
560:
307:
3973:
3958:
3446:
3389:
2800:
2503:
2423:
2345:
2302:
2170:
2154:
2149:
1959:
834:
302:
orientation of the government and accepts the "leading role" of the ruling
129:
1437:
4003:
3978:
3608:
3225:
2970:
2890:
2865:
2850:
2845:
2810:
2735:
2493:
2473:
2350:
2324:
867:
794:
731:
661:
470:
121:
1519:. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Princeton University Press. p. 187.
3998:
3205:
2605:
503:
315:
125:
1409:. Los Angeles, USA: University of California Press. pp. 175–176.
3993:
2063:
723:
690:
631:
598:
565:
532:
165:
149:
145:
3749:
94:
1633:"Syrian Arab news agency - SANA - Syria : Syria news ::"
1608:"Syrian Arab news agency - SANA - Syria : Syria news ::"
429:
The NPF is currently composed of the following political parties:
1544:. Los Angeles, USA: University of California Press. p. 176.
4106:
291:
1676:"SSNP Supports Bashar al-Assad's Presidential Nomination"
1866:
341:
The Front was established in 1972 by Syrian president
923:
1829:
1564:
230:
3594:General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
4514:
2079:Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
406:. The reason given is: Based on 2020 elections.
362:of 2012 introduced multi-party system in Syria.
1542:Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East
1407:Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East
1405:Seale, Patrick (1989). "19: The Enemy Within".
306:. The coalition was formed on the basis of the
2006:National Council for the Revolutionary Command
1597:, University of California Press, 1989, p. 176
4275:Movement for Justice and Development in Syria
4086:
3770:National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
1852:
1385:
3557:
4533:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
4093:
4079:
1859:
1845:
1780:"الهيئة العامة للإذاعة والتلفزيون - سورية"
3651:Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
1567:"Syria's Political Struggle: Spring 2012"
3614:Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation
1717:
1478:Inheriting Syria: Bashar's Trial by Fire
1475:
1386:Al Hajj-Saleh, Yassîn (1 October 2018).
4203:Popular Front for Change and Liberation
3755:Front of Patriotic and National Parties
3734:Palestinian National and Islamic Forces
3584:Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
371:Popular Front for Change and Liberation
280:al-Jabha al-Waṭaniyyah al-Taqaddumiyyah
4515:
4386:Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
4250:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
3666:Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
1595:Asad, the Struggle for the Middle East
1514:
1450:
384:
365:After previously being a part of NPF,
4563:Political parties established in 1972
4553:Organizations of the Syrian civil war
4074:
3935:
3556:
3263:
2124:
1906:
1840:
1759:
1539:
1404:
381:and subsequently rejoined the front.
4453:Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party
3785:Palestinian National Salvation Front
1694:
1429:
918:
388:
4423:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
4260:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
4180:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
3855:Socialist Democratic Unionist Party
3820:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
714:Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
410:by party not released for 2024 yet.
286:) is a pro-government coalition of
275:
13:
4568:Political party alliances in Syria
4448:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
4295:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
4245:Syrian Democratic Turkmen Movement
3905:General Federation of Trade Unions
3765:Lebanese National Resistance Front
3478:National Progressive Front (Syria)
1740:
1721:
1558:
924:Syrian People's Assembly elections
821:General Federation of Trade Unions
14:
4589:
3936:
3729:Palestine Liberation Organization
3473:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
3126:Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai
2556:Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
1821:
1327:National Progressive Front (Iraq)
4548:Organization of the Ba'ath Party
4538:Arab socialist political parties
4469:Assyrian Democratic Organization
4255:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
4162:Syrian Communist Party (Unified)
4156:Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)
4105:
3634:Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
3264:
2538:Members of the Regional Commands
1565:Elizabeth O'Bagy (7 June 2012).
1365:"Is Syria socialist? 2022 Guide"
1309:
1302:
1301:
1279:
1272:
1271:
1249:
1242:
1241:
1219:
1212:
1211:
1189:
1182:
1160:
1153:
1131:
1124:
1102:
1095:
1073:
1066:
1065:
1043:
1036:
1014:
1007:
985:
978:
977:
622:Syrian Communist Party (Unified)
556:Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)
393:
34:
4356:Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party
4270:Democratic Arab Socialist Union
4138:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
3882:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
2016:November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
1772:
1753:
1734:
1668:
1650:
1625:
1600:
1587:
1533:
490:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
379:June 2014 presidential election
367:Syrian Social Nationalist Party
3704:Alliance of Palestinian Forces
2125:
1808:
1508:
1469:
1444:
1423:
1398:
1379:
1357:
1339:
1310:
1280:
1250:
1220:
1190:
1183:
1161:
1154:
1132:
1125:
1103:
1096:
1074:
1044:
1037:
1015:
1008:
986:
1:
4543:Left-wing nationalist parties
3915:General Union of Syrian Women
3825:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
3780:Palestinian National Alliance
2052:Revolutionary Command Council
1944:Syrian Committee to Help Iraq
1332:
4558:Parties of one-party systems
4523:1972 establishments in Syria
4336:League of Nationalist Action
3724:National Democratic Alliance
3709:Forces of Freedom and Change
2706:Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
2666:Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
2616:Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
1678:. 7 May 2014. Archived from
329:and political activities in
7:
4407:Muslim Brotherhood in Syria
4371:Socialist Cooperation Party
4186:Social Democratic Unionists
4174:Arab Democratic Union Party
4125:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
3850:Social Democratic Unionists
3815:Arab Democratic Union Party
3511:National Defense Battalions
1907:
1869:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
1743:"حزب الوحدويين الاشتراكيين"
1320:
784:Social Democratic Unionists
681:Arab Democratic Union Party
457:Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
304:Arab Socialist Ba’ath Party
78:; 52 years ago
16:Political alliance in Syria
10:
4594:
4578:Socialist parties in Syria
4144:Arab Socialist Union Party
4117:National Progressive Front
4102:Political parties in Syria
4028:On the Way of Resurrection
4021:The Battle for One Destiny
3810:Arab Socialist Union Party
3760:Lebanese National Movement
2990:Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab
2701:Abd al-Khaliq al-Samarra'i
810:
523:Arab Socialist Union Party
336:
268:National Progressive Front
24:National Progressive Front
4528:Arab nationalism in Syria
4497:List of political parties
4487:
4479:Assyrian Democratic Party
4461:
4438:Kurdish Supreme Committee
4415:
4394:
4308:
4230:Democratic People's Party
4220:
4201:
4115:
4037:
4012:
3946:
3942:
3931:
3910:General Union of Peasants
3897:
3802:
3742:
3719:National Consensus Forces
3696:
3689:
3622:
3571:
3567:
3552:
3532:Revolutionary Youth Union
3524:
3493:
3486:
3465:
3439:
3367:
3289:
3278:
3274:
3259:
3244:
3134:
3094:
3087:
3032:
3007:
3000:
2984:
2749:
2544:
2537:
2406:
2360:
2338:
2317:
2290:
2243:
2236:
2195:
2163:
2142:
2135:
2131:
2120:
2034:
1973:
1952:
1921:
1917:
1902:
1876:
1760:Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad.
1724:"الجبهة الوطنية التقدمية"
1436:. HAL SHS. Archived from
1347:"الجبهة الوطنية التقدمية"
887:Revolutionary Youth Union
854:General Union of Peasants
434:
402:This section needs to be
241:
228:
223:
209:
195:
174:
100:
90:
72:
62:
52:
42:
33:
21:
4433:Kurdish National Council
4366:Arab Liberation Movement
4150:Socialist Unionist Party
3860:Socialist Unionist Party
3830:Libyan National Movement
3656:Arabic Toilers' Movement
3560:Associated organizations
3420:National Security Bureau
3368:Syrian-dominated faction
2796:Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
2731:Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
2581:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
2281:Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
2196:Syrian-dominated faction
1892:Syrian-dominated faction
1801:
1500:: CS1 maint: location (
812:Associated organisations
589:Socialist Unionist Party
4443:Kurdish Future Movement
4395:Banned Islamist parties
4290:Kurdish Future Movement
4235:Syrian Turkmen Assembly
4192:Arab Socialist Movement
4168:National Covenant Party
3835:National Covenant Party
3639:Arab Socialist Movement
3290:Iraqi-dominated faction
3216:Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
2906:Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
2591:Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
2561:Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
2164:Iraqi-dominated faction
2084:1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
2074:Union of Arab Republics
2026:1966 Syrian coup d'état
2001:1963 Syrian coup d'état
1981:1954 Syrian coup d'état
1939:Arab Socialist Movement
1883:Iraqi-dominated faction
1540:Seale, Patrick (1989).
1388:"L'opposition syrienne"
751:Arab Socialist Movement
651:National Covenant Party
369:joined the opposition,
276:الجبهة الوطنية التقدمية
176:Political position
27:الجبهة الوطنية التقدمية
4428:Democratic Union Party
4381:Communist Labour Party
4361:Syrian Communist Party
4280:Democratic Union Party
3865:Syrian Communist Party
3671:Palestinian Arab Front
3201:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
3181:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
3171:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
3121:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
2926:Muhammad Naji al-Otari
2901:Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
2836:Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
2741:Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
2676:Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
2621:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
2576:Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
2276:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
2181:Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
1766:Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi
1451:Batatu, Hanna (1999).
1430:Taha, Zakaria (2012).
1371:. 2022. Archived from
4300:Reform Party of Syria
4130:pan-Arab organization
3681:Sudanese Ba'ath Party
3196:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
3146:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
2921:Muhammad Mustafa Mero
2716:Nayef Shindakh Thamer
2469:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
2330:Abd al-Majid al-Rafei
1965:Salah al-Din al-Bitar
158:Left-wing nationalism
4376:Arab Communist Party
4351:Arab Ba'ath Movement
4285:National Youth Party
3775:National Union Front
3106:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
3064:Abdul Halim Khaddam
3019:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2871:Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
2816:Fahd Jassem al-Freij
2686:Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
2611:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2464:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2266:Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
2237:Regional Secretaries
1934:Arab Ba'ath Movement
1664:on October 14, 2012.
1375:on 10 December 2022.
719:Fadlallah Nasreddine
408:IPU election results
211:Council of Ministers
4341:Arab National Party
4240:Syrian Turkmen Bloc
4211:People's Will Party
3898:Other organizations
3840:Popular Unity Party
3690:Political alliances
3221:Wael Nader al-Halqi
3088:Heads of government
2931:Abdul Qadir Qaddura
2886:Abdul Halim Khaddam
2856:Mohammad al-Hussein
2841:Wael Nader al-Halqi
2681:Taha Yassin Ramadan
2671:Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
2661:Ali Hassan al-Majid
2646:Latif Nassif Jassim
2136:General Secretaries
2069:Corrective Movement
1991:1959 Mosul uprising
1369:Young Pioneer Tours
1353:. Mohannad Orfali-.
859:Ahmed Saleh Ibrahim
756:Omar Adnan al-Alawi
743:government support
706:government support
673:government support
581:government support
548:government support
385:Constituent parties
373:, for the May 2012
360:Syrian constitution
323:Presidential system
4474:Syriac Union Party
4265:Syriac Union Party
3790:Rejectionist Front
3186:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
3161:Nureddin al-Atassi
3049:Nureddin al-Atassi
2881:Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
2786:Nureddin al-Atassi
2696:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2596:Salih Mahdi Ammash
2566:Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
2519:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2449:Nureddin al-Atassi
2383:Nureddin al-Atassi
2261:Ali Salih al-Sa'di
2213:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2203:Nureddin al-Atassi
2099:De-Ba'athification
2042:17 July Revolution
1996:Ramadan Revolution
1986:14 July Revolution
1741:Orfali, Mohannad.
1722:Orfali, Mohannad.
1682:on 3 November 2014
686:Iyad Ghassan Osman
500:Syrian nationalism
294:that supports the
154:Syrian nationalism
4510:
4509:
4502:Politics of Syria
4346:Arab Ba'ath Party
4068:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4060:
4059:
3927:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3803:Political parties
3798:
3797:
3676:Socialist Lebanon
3548:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3435:
3434:
3281:Regional branches
3255:
3254:
3251:
3250:
3240:
3239:
3211:Riyad Farid Hijab
3176:Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
3083:
3082:
3069:
2996:
2995:
2946:Hikmat al-Shihabi
2761:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2726:Hardan al-Tikriti
2656:Adnan Khayr Allah
2651:Rashid Taan Kazim
2586:Salah Omar al-Ali
2429:Abdullah al-Ahmar
2402:
2401:
2232:
2231:
2218:
2116:
2115:
2112:
2111:
1487:978-0-8157-5204-2
1440:on 28 April 2023.
1394:on 28 April 2023.
1318:
1317:
919:Electoral history
916:
915:
912:external support
879:external support
846:external support
806:external support
776:external support
445:People's Assembly
427:
426:
347:People's Assembly
264:
263:
251:Political parties
246:Politics of Syria
197:People's Assembly
162:Islamic socialism
109:Syrian government
57:Mohammad al-Shaar
4585:
4462:Assyrian parties
4110:
4109:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4072:
4071:
3964:Arab nationalism
3954:Anti-imperialism
3944:
3943:
3933:
3932:
3714:March 8 Alliance
3694:
3693:
3626:
3625:Breakaway groups
3569:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3553:
3491:
3490:
3317:Regional Command
3287:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3260:
3191:Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
3138:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3065:
3036:
3011:
3005:
3004:
2941:Farouk al-Sharaa
2936:Hammouda Sabbagh
2826:Ibrahim al-Hadid
2806:Mahdi Dakhlallah
2791:Shibli al-Aysami
2753:
2601:Hussein Al-Awadi
2571:Saad Abdul-Majid
2548:
2542:
2541:
2489:Akram al-Hawrani
2459:Shibli al-Aysami
2454:Mansur al-Atrash
2416:
2415:National Command
2410:
2373:Shibli al-Aysami
2241:
2240:
2214:
2186:Salah Al-Mukhtar
2140:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2122:
2121:
2104:Syrian civil war
2011:Ar-Rashid revolt
1919:
1918:
1911:
1904:
1903:
1893:
1884:
1870:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1832:
1830:Official website
1815:
1812:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1791:
1782:. Archived from
1776:
1770:
1769:
1757:
1751:
1750:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1719:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1660:. Archived from
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1635:. Archived from
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1610:. Archived from
1604:
1598:
1593:Seale, Patrick,
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1499:
1491:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1390:. Archived from
1383:
1377:
1376:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1343:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1297:
1283:
1282:
1275:
1274:
1267:
1253:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1237:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1214:
1207:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1178:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1149:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1120:
1106:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1091:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1003:
989:
988:
981:
980:
973:
953:
928:
927:
908:
875:
842:
802:
791:Social democracy
772:
739:
702:
695:Arab nationalism
669:
639:
610:
577:
570:Marxism–Leninism
544:
537:Arab nationalism
511:
478:
432:
431:
422:
419:
413:
397:
396:
389:
327:Student activism
296:Arab nationalist
277:
237:
234:
232:
218:
204:
114:Arab nationalism
111:
86:
84:
79:
38:
19:
18:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4506:
4492:Portal:Politics
4483:
4457:
4416:Kurdish parties
4411:
4390:
4309:Defunct parties
4304:
4216:
4197:
4111:
4104:
4099:
4069:
4056:
4052:Pan-Arab colors
4046:Arḍ ul-Furātayn
4033:
4008:
3938:
3919:
3893:
3794:
3738:
3685:
3644:Damascus branch
3624:
3618:
3589:Free Iraqi Army
3579:Al-Abud Network
3563:
3559:
3536:
3520:
3506:Fedayeen Saddam
3501:Ba'ath Brigades
3482:
3461:
3452:Sawt al-Jamahir
3431:
3410:Central Command
3363:
3280:
3270:
3266:
3247:
3236:
3136:
3130:
3096:
3079:
3074:Bashar al-Assad
3054:Ahmad al-Khatib
3034:
3028:
3009:
2992:
2980:
2951:Hammud al-Shufi
2916:Zuhair Masharqa
2911:Ibrahim Makhous
2896:Ahmad al-Khatib
2861:Hisham Ikhtiyar
2781:Rifaat al-Assad
2771:Bashar al-Assad
2751:
2745:
2711:Talib El-Shibib
2626:Saadoun Ghaidan
2546:
2533:
2529:Khaled Yashruti
2524:Talib El-Shibib
2514:Abdullah Rimawi
2479:Wahib al-Ghanim
2439:Bashar al-Assad
2414:
2408:
2398:
2393:Bashar al-Assad
2368:Hammud al-Shufi
2356:
2334:
2313:
2298:Abdullah Rimawi
2286:
2256:Talib El-Shibib
2228:
2223:Bashar al-Assad
2191:
2159:
2127:
2108:
2030:
1969:
1948:
1913:
1909:
1898:
1891:
1882:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1828:
1827:
1824:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1789:
1787:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1758:
1754:
1739:
1735:
1720:
1695:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1642:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1617:
1615:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1569:
1563:
1559:
1552:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1513:
1509:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1449:
1445:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1403:
1399:
1384:
1380:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1335:
1323:
1298:
1295:
1268:
1265:
1238:
1235:
1208:
1205:
1179:
1176:
1150:
1147:
1121:
1118:
1092:
1089:
1062:
1059:
1033:
1030:
1004:
1001:
974:
971:
954:
951:
926:
921:
909:
906:
899:
876:
873:
866:
843:
840:
835:Workers' rights
833:
826:Yassin Tulaimat
803:
800:
793:
773:
770:
763:
740:
737:
730:
726:
703:
700:
693:
670:
667:
653:
640:
637:
611:
608:
601:
594:Shaaban Shaheen
578:
575:
568:
545:
542:
535:
528:Safwan al-Qudsi
512:
509:
502:
479:
476:
469:
462:Bashar al-Assad
423:
417:
414:
411:
398:
394:
387:
339:
260:
229:
219:
216:
205:
202:
184:
170:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
138:
137:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
106:
82:
80:
77:
47:Bashar al-Assad
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4591:
4581:
4580:
4575:
4573:Popular fronts
4570:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4402:Hizb ut-Tahrir
4398:
4396:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4331:People's Party
4328:
4326:National Union
4323:
4321:National Party
4318:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4207:
4205:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4171:
4165:
4159:
4153:
4147:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4133:
4121:
4119:
4113:
4112:
4098:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4075:
4066:
4065:
4062:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4054:
4049:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4024:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3969:Arab socialism
3966:
3961:
3956:
3950:
3948:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3901:
3899:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3889:
3879:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3698:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3599:Jeish Muhammad
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3575:
3573:
3565:
3564:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3534:
3528:
3526:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3495:
3488:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3480:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3466:Popular fronts
3463:
3462:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3437:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3293:
3291:
3284:
3272:
3271:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3231:Hussein Arnous
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3166:Hafez al-Assad
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3140:
3132:
3131:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3116:Sa'dun Hammadi
3113:
3111:Saddam Hussein
3108:
3102:
3100:
3089:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3071:
3061:
3059:Hafez al-Assad
3056:
3051:
3046:
3040:
3038:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3024:Saddam Hussein
3021:
3015:
3013:
3002:
3001:Heads of state
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2966:Muhammad Umran
2963:
2961:Hasan Turkmani
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2776:Hafez al-Assad
2773:
2768:
2766:Hussein Arnous
2763:
2757:
2755:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2691:Fuad al-Rikabi
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2641:Saddam Hussein
2638:
2633:
2631:Sa'dun Hammadi
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2550:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2509:Fuad al-Rikabi
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2444:Hafez al-Assad
2441:
2436:
2434:Zaki al-Arsuzi
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2390:
2388:Hafez al-Assad
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2327:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2308:Akram al-Homsi
2305:
2300:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2284:
2278:
2273:
2271:Saddam Hussein
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2251:Fuad al-Rikabi
2247:
2245:
2238:
2234:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2210:
2208:Hafez al-Assad
2205:
2199:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2183:
2178:
2176:Saddam Hussein
2173:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2137:
2129:
2128:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2094:Iraqi conflict
2091:
2089:Faith Campaign
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2049:
2047:Ba'athist Iraq
2044:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2021:1964 Hama riot
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1962:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1887:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1823:
1822:External links
1820:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1771:
1752:
1733:
1693:
1667:
1649:
1624:
1599:
1586:
1570:(Backgrounder)
1557:
1550:
1532:
1525:
1507:
1486:
1468:
1461:
1443:
1422:
1415:
1397:
1378:
1356:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1307:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1286:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1264:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1158:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1080:
1079:
1071:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1041:
1034:
1029:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1012:
1005:
1000:
998:
992:
991:
983:
975:
970:
968:
962:
961:
958:
955:
950:
948:
942:
941:
938:
935:
932:
925:
922:
920:
917:
914:
913:
910:
905:
903:
901:Youth activism
894:
889:
884:
881:
880:
877:
872:
870:
864:Trade unionism
861:
856:
851:
848:
847:
844:
839:
837:
831:Trade unionism
828:
823:
818:
815:
814:
808:
807:
804:
799:
797:
795:Trade unionism
788:
786:
781:
778:
777:
774:
769:
767:
765:Arab socialism
758:
753:
748:
745:
744:
741:
736:
734:
732:Trade unionism
728:Arab socialism
721:
716:
711:
708:
707:
704:
699:
697:
688:
683:
678:
675:
674:
671:
666:
664:
659:
657:Ghassan Othman
654:
648:
645:
644:
641:
636:
634:
629:
624:
619:
616:
615:
612:
607:
605:
603:Arab socialism
596:
591:
586:
583:
582:
579:
574:
572:
563:
558:
553:
550:
549:
546:
541:
539:
530:
525:
520:
517:
516:
513:
508:
506:
497:
492:
487:
484:
483:
480:
475:
473:
464:
459:
454:
451:
450:
447:
442:
439:
436:
425:
424:
418:September 2024
401:
399:
392:
386:
383:
343:Hafez al-Assad
338:
335:
312:Socialist Bloc
300:Arab socialist
262:
261:
259:
258:
253:
248:
242:
239:
238:
226:
225:
221:
220:
215:
213:
207:
206:
201:
199:
193:
192:
178:
172:
171:
169:
168:
135:
134:
133:
118:Arab socialism
104:
98:
97:
92:
88:
87:
74:
70:
69:
67:Hafez al-Assad
64:
60:
59:
54:
53:Vice-President
50:
49:
44:
40:
39:
31:
30:
26:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4590:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4486:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4399:
4397:
4393:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4316:National Bloc
4314:
4313:
4311:
4307:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4222:Unrepresented
4219:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4204:
4200:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4169:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4114:
4108:
4103:
4096:
4091:
4089:
4084:
4082:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3989:Republicanism
3987:
3985:
3984:Progressivism
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3937:Miscellaneous
3934:
3930:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3896:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3695:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3627:
3621:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3604:Rejectionists
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3555:
3551:
3533:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3428:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3294:
3292:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3262:
3258:
3246:* = incumbent
3243:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3156:Yusuf Zuayyin
3154:
3152:
3151:Amin al-Hafiz
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Amin al-Hafiz
3042:
3041:
3039:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3006:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2976:Yusuf Zuayyin
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Mustafa Tlass
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2876:Sami al-Jundi
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2831:Amin al-Hafiz
2829:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2821:Marwan Habash
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2721:Khamis Sirhan
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2636:Qusay Hussein
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2499:Zuheir Mohsen
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2484:Amin al-Hafiz
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2378:Amin al-Hafiz
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2123:
2119:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1878:
1875:
1871:
1862:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1811:
1807:
1786:on 2019-09-06
1785:
1781:
1775:
1767:
1763:
1756:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1729:
1725:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1639:on 2011-08-05
1638:
1634:
1628:
1614:on 2011-08-05
1613:
1609:
1603:
1596:
1590:
1575:
1568:
1561:
1553:
1551:0-520-06667-7
1547:
1543:
1536:
1528:
1526:0-691-00254-1
1522:
1518:
1511:
1503:
1497:
1489:
1483:
1479:
1472:
1464:
1462:0-691-00254-1
1458:
1454:
1447:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1418:
1416:0-520-06667-7
1412:
1408:
1401:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1308:
1300:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1287:
1278:
1270:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1248:
1240:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1227:
1218:
1210:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1072:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1013:
1006:
999:
997:
994:
993:
984:
976:
969:
967:
964:
963:
959:
956:
949:
947:
944:
943:
939:
936:
933:
930:
929:
911:
904:
902:
898:
897:Neo-Ba'athism
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
882:
878:
871:
869:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
849:
845:
838:
836:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
816:
813:
809:
805:
798:
796:
792:
789:
787:
785:
782:
780:
779:
775:
768:
766:
762:
761:Neo-Ba'athism
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
746:
742:
735:
733:
729:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
709:
705:
698:
696:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
676:
672:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
652:
649:
647:
646:
642:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
617:
613:
606:
604:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
584:
580:
573:
571:
567:
564:
562:
561:Ammar Bakdash
559:
557:
554:
552:
551:
547:
540:
538:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
518:
514:
507:
505:
501:
498:
496:
495:Fares al-Saad
493:
491:
488:
486:
485:
481:
474:
472:
468:
467:Neo-Ba'athism
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
452:
448:
446:
443:
440:
437:
433:
430:
421:
409:
405:
400:
391:
390:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
355:
352:
348:
344:
334:
332:
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
308:Popular Front
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
273:
269:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
240:
236:
227:
222:
214:
212:
208:
200:
198:
194:
191:
187:
182:
179:
177:
173:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
142:Neo-Ba'athism
140:
139:
131:
127:
123:
119:
115:
110:
105:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
58:
55:
51:
48:
45:
41:
37:
32:
20:
4116:
4044:
4026:
4019:
3959:Anti-Zionism
3572:Armed groups
3516:Popular Army
3494:Paramilitary
3477:
3267:Organization
3066:
2801:Muhsen Bilal
2504:Munif Razzaz
2424:Michel Aflaq
2346:Isam al-Qadi
2303:Munif Razzaz
2215:
2171:Michel Aflaq
2155:Munif Razzaz
2150:Michel Aflaq
1960:Michel Aflaq
1922:Predecessors
1889:
1880:
1810:
1788:. Retrieved
1784:the original
1774:
1765:
1755:
1746:
1736:
1727:
1684:. Retrieved
1680:the original
1670:
1662:the original
1652:
1641:. Retrieved
1637:the original
1627:
1616:. Retrieved
1612:the original
1602:
1594:
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1573:
1560:
1541:
1535:
1516:
1510:
1477:
1471:
1452:
1446:
1438:the original
1432:
1425:
1406:
1400:
1392:the original
1381:
1373:the original
1368:
1359:
1350:
1341:
811:
428:
415:
403:
364:
356:
340:
331:armed forces
320:
283:
279:
267:
265:
180:
130:Anti-Zionism
91:Headquarters
4004:Vanguardism
3979:Pan-Arabism
3609:Snake Party
3395:South Yemen
3226:Imad Khamis
2971:Salim Yasin
2891:Imad Khamis
2866:Salah Jadid
2851:Hilal Hilal
2846:Salim Hatum
2811:Ahmad Diyab
2736:Tahir Yahya
2494:Salah Jadid
2474:Elias Farah
2351:Rakad Salem
2325:Assem Qanso
1929:Arab Ba'ath
892:Maan Abboud
868:Agrarianism
662:Pan-Arabism
643:government
627:Hanin Nimir
614:government
515:government
482:government
471:Pan-Arabism
449:Government
290:parties in
122:Pan-Arabism
4517:Categories
4013:Literature
3999:Secularism
3887:in Lebanon
3440:Newspapers
3385:Mauritania
3339:Mauritania
3206:Adel Safar
2606:Tariq Aziz
2216:(de facto)
2126:Leadership
2035:Post-split
1790:2019-08-30
1747:pnf.org.sy
1728:pnf.org.sy
1686:3 November
1643:2013-07-15
1618:2013-07-15
1579:26 October
1351:pnf.org.sy
1333:References
504:Secularism
126:Secularism
4038:Symbolism
3994:Saddamism
3974:Ba'athism
3457:Al-Thawra
3447:Al-Ba'ath
3390:Palestine
3344:Palestine
3067:(interim)
2339:Palestine
2143:Pre-split
2064:Arab Belt
1974:Pre-split
1496:cite book
1296:185 / 250
1266:183 / 250
1236:200 / 250
1206:168 / 250
1177:250 / 250
1148:250 / 250
1119:250 / 250
1090:250 / 250
1060:250 / 250
1031:195 / 195
1002:195 / 195
972:195 / 195
952:186 / 186
940:Position
931:Election
724:Nasserism
691:Nasserism
632:Communism
599:Nasserism
566:Communism
533:Nasserism
477:167 / 250
441:Ideology
310:model of
288:left-wing
256:Elections
203:183 / 250
186:Left-wing
166:Labourism
150:Communism
146:Nasserism
136:Factions:
43:President
3947:Ideology
3750:Ahd Bloc
1953:Founders
1814:Sources:
1321:See also
375:election
190:far-left
181:Factions
102:Ideology
95:Damascus
3875:Unified
3870:Bakdash
3697:Current
3661:Al-Awda
3415:History
3380:Lebanon
3354:Tunisia
3329:Lebanon
3302:Bahrain
3297:Algeria
2412:of the
2409:Members
2318:Lebanon
2057:Members
1910:History
907:0 / 250
874:0 / 250
841:0 / 250
801:0 / 250
771:0 / 250
738:1 / 250
701:2 / 250
668:2 / 250
638:2 / 250
609:2 / 250
576:2 / 250
543:2 / 250
510:3 / 250
438:Leader
404:updated
351:parties
337:History
316:liberal
224:Website
217:20 / 35
81: (
73:Founded
63:Founder
4132:) (167
3743:Former
3375:Jordan
3324:Jordan
2291:Jordan
1548:
1523:
1484:
1459:
1413:
934:Seats
435:Party
272:Arabic
3845:Sawab
3525:Youth
3487:Wings
3427:Yemen
3405:Syria
3400:Sudan
3359:Yemen
3349:Sudan
3334:Libya
3307:Egypt
3137:Syria
3035:Syria
2985:Yemen
2752:Syria
2361:Syria
1802:Notes
292:Syria
3312:Iraq
3097:Iraq
3010:Iraq
2547:Iraq
2244:Iraq
1688:2014
1581:2014
1546:ISBN
1521:ISBN
1502:link
1482:ISBN
1457:ISBN
1411:ISBN
1314:1st
1290:2024
1284:1st
1260:2020
1254:1st
1230:2016
1224:1st
1200:2012
1194:1st
1171:2007
1165:1st
1142:2003
1136:1st
1113:1998
1107:1st
1084:1994
1078:1st
1054:1990
1048:1st
1025:1986
1019:1st
996:1981
990:1st
966:1977
960:1st
957:New
946:1973
937:+/–
298:and
266:The
233:.org
107:Pro-
83:1972
76:1972
4213:(0)
4194:(0)
4188:(0)
4182:(1)
4176:(1)
4170:(2)
4164:(2)
4158:(3)
4152:(2)
4146:(3)
4140:(3)
1574:ISW
1276:17
1246:32
1216:82
1070:55
284:NPF
235:.sy
231:pnf
188:to
4519::
1764:.
1745:.
1726:.
1696:^
1572:.
1498:}}
1494:{{
1367:.
1349:.
1306:2
982:9
282:,
278:,
274::
4094:e
4087:t
4080:v
3233:*
3076:*
2395:*
2353:*
2310:*
2283:*
2225:*
2188:*
1860:e
1853:t
1846:v
1793:.
1768:.
1749:.
1730:.
1690:.
1646:.
1621:.
1583:.
1554:.
1529:.
1504:)
1490:.
1465:.
1419:.
420:)
416:(
270:(
183::
85:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.png)