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335:) appears to act as a deterrent against environmental destruction, up to a point. Indiscriminate felling, particularly of large trees, is generally eschewed owing to the belief that they are dwellings of tree spirits called
513:
regarded as the tutelary spirit in a local region within a local community, with familial custodians of the place and tradition and with royal sponsorship in ancient times, hence evocative of royal rituals, there are also
174:). Individual houses also have a shrine to a nat, usually a coconut is hung on a corner of the house or property, surrounded by perfume as an offering. One may inherit a certain member or in some instances two of the 37
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s are more of an urban phenomenon which evolved to satisfy the need of people who had migrated from the countryside to towns and cities but who wished to carry on their traditions or
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2864:
2749:
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427:, held a week later in honour of Popa Medaw ("Mother of Popa"), who was the mother of the Taungbyone Min Nyinaung ("Brother Lords"), is also a popular nat festival.
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Academic opinions vary as to whether
Burmese Buddhism and Burmese spirit worship are two separate entities, or merged into a single religion. As with a rise of
1389:
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are ascribed human characteristics, wants, and needs; they are flawed, having desires considered derogatory and immoral in mainstream
Buddhism. During a
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1687:
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204:) from one or both parents' side to worship depending on where their families originally come from. One also has a personal guardian deity called
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113:) which are humans that were deified after their deaths and all the other nats which are spirits of nature (spirits of water, trees etc.).
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s where individuals would have a pavilion set up in a neighbourhood and the ritual is generally linked to the entire pantheon of
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252:, the importance of the nat religion on modern Myanmar and its people has been diminished. The formalizing of the official 37
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s as an independent profession made their appearance in the latter half of the 19th century as spirit mediums, and
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633:(Maung Po Tu) descent; illustrations of them show them in Burmese royal dress. Listed in proper order, they are:
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The widespread traditional belief among rural communities that there are forest guardian spirits called
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The Thirty Seven Nats. A Phase of Spirit-Worship prevailing in Burma | Southeast Asia
Digital Library
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can be designated for a variety of reasons, including those only known in certain regions in Burma.
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and dance wildly in fits of ecstasy to the wild beat of the Hsaing waing music, possessed by the
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1369:'King Mae Ku: From Lan Na Monarch to Burmese Nat', in: Forbes, Andrew, and Henley, David,
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profession was hereditary and passed from mother to daughter. Until the 1980s, few
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The official pantheon is made up predominantly of those from the royal houses of
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worship is less common in urban areas than in rural areas and is practised among
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in central Burma. The annual festival is held on the full moon of the month of
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Haunting the Buddha: Indian
Popular Religions and the Formation of Buddhism
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An account of the
Taungbyone 2010 nat pwe spirit festival at Arcane Candy
1302:"Transgender, Transgression, and Translation: A Cartography of Nat Kadaws"
140:
Bamar that the most highly developed form of ceremony and ritual is seen.
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worship. His stratagem of incorporation eventually succeeded by bringing
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1214:"Traditional Myanmar Folk Beliefs and Forest and Wildlife Conservation"
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appear to be directly associated with the life and times of
Anawrahta.
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predates
Buddhism in Burma. With the arrival of Buddhism, however, the
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The Thirty-seven Nats-A Phase of Spirit-Worship prevailing in Burma
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Counting to 37 Sir
Richard Carnac Temple and the Thirty Eighth Nat
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s were male. Since the 1980s, persons identified by outsiders as
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valley after the unification of the country and founding of the
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s are annual events celebrating a particular member of the 37
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to left of picture seen from a distance across a dry riverbed
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when he formalized the official list of nats. Most of the 37
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of Bagan (1044–1077) designated an official pantheon of 37
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Myanmar
Cyclone Brings Rise in Centuries-Old 'Nat' Worship
228:
38:
224:
Burmese folk religion § Relationship with
Buddhism
1377:
Salek, Kira (May 2006). "Myanmar's River of Spirits".
1149:"The Spirit-possession Cult in the Burmese Religion"
1818:
Ministry of Religious Affairs and Culture (Myanmar)
606:, to head the pantheon above the Mahagiri nats as
550:Traditional offerings of bananas and coconut at a
359:Burmese folk religion § Nat-kadaw and nat-pwe
1454:Preview of a documentary film by Lindsey Merrison
3142:
1238:
1146:
80:and neighbouring countries in conjunction with
1502:Festival brings noise and colour to Taungbyone
1373:Volume 1. Chiang Mai, Cognoscenti Books, 2012.
157:) which essentially serves as a shrine to the
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482:("orchestra"), adds much to the mood of the
1498:, June 30, 2008, video and photo slideshows
1392:. Tun Institute of Learning. Archived from
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1275:. Perspective (August 1997). Archived from
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1867:
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96:were human beings who met violent deaths.
475:have increasingly performed these roles.
284:were syncretically merged with Buddhism.
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582:after he had failed to enforce a ban on
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538:tutelary deities of their native place.
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1447:The Nats - Online Burma/Myanmar Library
1191:. Transaction Publishers. p. 114.
325:) and mountain guardian spirits called
14:
3143:
1407:
1388:U Kyaw Tun; et al. (2005-01-15).
1329:
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1300:Ho, Tamara C.; Discourse (Fall 2009).
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1523:My House Nat Can Whip Your House Nat
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76:) are god-like spirits venerated in
1482:The Nat Spirits and Burmese Animism
1324:
1241:"Folk-Elements in Burmese Buddhism"
437:, which is a festival during which
379:Offerings of alcohol and liquor to
88:who were designated that status by
24:
1700:State Sangha Maha Nayaka Committee
1510:Vol. 22 No. 430, August 4–10, 2008
1264:
1227:
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136:society. However, it is among the
84:. They are divided between the 37
25:
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1468:Dance theater in Mandalay, Burma.
1420:
1290:
1239:Maung Htin Aung (February 1958).
34:Burmese nat statues in the shrine
3125:
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2092:
1829:
1828:
1147:Brac de la Perriere, Benedicte.
1116:
311:shrines atop to left of picture
1253:from the original on 2008-09-06
1161:from the original on 2009-03-04
1273:"The Taung Byone Nat Festival"
1205:
478:Music, often accompanied by a
13:
1:
3059:Hammersmith Ghost murder case
1128:
1642:Dhammayutti Nikaya (Mahayin)
1443:Photo essay by Claudia Wiens
1380:National Geographic Magazine
1216:. Perspective (January 1999)
451:"wife of the spirit", i.e. "
395:pilgrimage site in Burma is
303:road, the smaller precipice
199:mother's side, father's side
143:Every Burmese village has a
130:ethnic minorities of Myanmar
27:Spirits venerated in Myanmar
7:
3166:Burmese legendary creatures
2957:Electronic voice phenomenon
2750:locations in United Kingdom
1710:Monastic schools in Myanmar
1084:
236:dressed as U Min Gyaw at a
10:
3182:
1663:Abhidhaja Maha Rattha Guru
1543:Myanmar's River of Spirits
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1486:Michigan State University
1334:DeCaroli, Robert (2004).
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132:as well as in mainstream
109:
55:
45:hung on a post in a house
2929:Ancient Egyptian culture
1525:Ethan Todras-Whitehill,
1318:10.1353/dis.2009.a402310
459:") dance and embody the
218:Nat worship and Buddhism
2952:Apparitional experience
2452:Shwe Kyunbin Maunghnama
2276:Shwesitthin Myinbyushin
1658:Burmese Buddhist titles
1514:Myanmar Nat Pwe in Bago
1495:The Wall Street Journal
1441:Nat belief and Buddhism
1428:"Images of the 37 nats"
1342:Oxford University Press
1188:Burmese Supernaturalism
562:Me Wunna with her sons
411:. Taungbyone, north of
288:Nat worship and ecology
99:There are two types of
2581:Procession of the dead
2048:Pareinma Shin Mingaung
1955:Aung Pinle Hsinbyushin
1562:By Sally Bamford 2019.
1452:Friends in High Places
1390:"Nat in My Classroom!"
987:Pareinma Shin Mingaung
771:Aung Pinle Hsinbyushin
610:. Seven out of the 37
594:portrayed worshipping
571:
555:
423:(August). Yadanagu at
388:
372:
349:upon the perpetrator.
312:
245:
46:
35:
3036:Paranormal television
2745:locations in Scotland
2192:Ayeyarwady Delta nats
1880:Burmese folk religion
1758:Burmese folk religion
1715:Monastic examinations
1408:Temple, R.C. (1906).
1091:Burmese folk religion
776:အောင်ပင်လယ်ဆင်ဖြူရှင်
561:
549:
542:List of official nats
378:
366:
353:Popular nat festivals
295:
231:
222:Further information:
41:
33:
3021:Stories about ghosts
2845:District of Columbia
2457:Pyelepyin Maunghnama
2272:Shwepyay Myinbyushin
2244:Pale Yin (Amay Pale)
1472:Spirit of Burma 2006
1433:NYPL Digital Gallery
1246:The Atlantic Monthly
992:ပရိမ္မရှင် မင်းခေါင်
980:ထီးဖြူဆောင်း မယ်တော်
621:, but also contains
536:mi hsaing hpa hsaing
534:of supplicating the
463:. Historically, the
274:First Burmese Empire
180:mi hsaing hpa hsaing
3156:Buddhism in Myanmar
3090:Kardecist spiritism
2934:Classical antiquity
2417:Four Heavenly Kings
2023:Shwe Hpyin Naungdaw
1813:Freedom of religion
1597:Religion in Myanmar
1548:National Geographic
1519:photos by Boonlong1
1383:. pp. 136–157.
932:ရွှေဖျင်း နောင်တော်
927:Shwe Hpyin Naungdaw
391:The most important
103:in Burmese Belief:
3004:Films about ghosts
2988:Spirit photography
2222:(Nankaraing Medaw)
2183:Taungdaw Thakhinma
2043:Htibyuhsaung Medaw
1477:Nat Pwè recordings
1371:Ancient Chiang Mai
1123:Myanmar portal
975:Htibyuhsaung Medaw
572:
556:
407:(December) of the
389:
373:
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246:
138:Theravada Buddhist
47:
36:
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3137:
2912:
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2571:Residual haunting
2536:Haunted locations
2526:Ancestral spirits
2465:
2464:
2402:Pakhan U Min Gyaw
2367:U Din Kyaw Khaung
2325:
2324:
2269:Kanni Myinbyushin
2266:Yamma Myinbyushin
2028:Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw
1887:Official pantheon
1842:
1841:
1746:
1745:
1668:Agga Maha Pandita
1507:The Myanmar Times
1484:Windows on Asia,
1351:978-0-19-516838-9
1271:Shwe Mann Maung.
1198:978-1-4128-1901-5
1154:. dhammaweb.net.
956:မင်းသား မောင်ရှင်
939:Shwe Hpyin Nyidaw
598:and by enlisting
441:are propitiated,
16:(Redirected from
3173:
3161:Tutelary deities
3128:
3127:
2596:
2595:
2541:Haunted highways
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2447:Kayin Maunghnama
2285:Five Mother nats
2260:White Horse nats
2162:
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2096:
2063:Myaukhpet Shinma
2033:Mintha Maungshin
1925:Taungoo Mingaung
1869:
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1632:Hngettwin Nikaya
1622:Thudhamma Nikaya
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1527:Student Traveler
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951:Mintha Maungshin
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944:ရွှေဖျင်း ညီတော်
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704:တောင်ငူမင်းခေါင်
699:Taungoo Mingaung
694:
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682:
681:
670:
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645:
629:(Yun Bayin) and
592:Shwezigon Pagoda
450:
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409:Burmese calendar
344:
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213:
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159:village guardian
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21:
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3053:Booty v Barnaby
3040:
2997:Popular culture
2992:
2938:
2908:
2887:
2871:
2828:Day of the Dead
2776:
2767:Slavic religion
2728:
2617:
2591:
2585:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2466:
2461:
2407:Shinma Aungphyu
2392:Mogaung Kyawzwa
2321:
2280:
2259:
2253:
2235:Nine Towns nats
2230:
2208:
2204:Kwin Paing Ahpo
2187:
2153:
2097:
2088:
1882:
1878:and spirits of
1873:
1843:
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1751:Other religions
1742:
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1627:Shwegyin Nikaya
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1117:
1115:
1096:Deva (Buddhism)
1087:
1082:
920:မန္တလေးဘိုးတော်
872:မယ်တော်ရွှေစကား
619:Burmese history
544:
494:, get drunk on
417:Madaya Township
367:Mount Popa and
361:
355:
327:taung saung nat
290:
266:Bamar supremacy
260:(1044–1077) of
226:
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28:
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15:
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5:
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3099:
3097:The Ghost Club
3094:
3093:
3092:
3082:
3077:
3075:Fear of ghosts
3071:
3069:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3061:
3056:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2954:
2948:
2946:
2944:Parapsychology
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2920:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2815:
2814:
2813:
2811:Ghost sickness
2808:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2790:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2762:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2720:
2719:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2665:
2663:Ghost Festival
2660:
2659:
2658:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:South Africa (
2608:
2602:
2600:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2576:Vengeful ghost
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2551:Haunted trains
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2519:Manifestations
2516:
2515:
2512:List of ghosts
2510:
2507:
2506:
2495:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2472:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2377:Lay Kyun Maung
2374:
2369:
2364:
2362:Koe Thein Shin
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2168:
2166:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:Mandalay Bodaw
2015:
2010:
2004:
1999:
1997:Medaw Shwezaga
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1883:
1872:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1849:
1840:
1839:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1729:
1724:
1722:Burmese pagoda
1719:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1702:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1654:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1618:
1616:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1593:
1592:
1585:
1578:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1552:
1540:
1530:
1520:
1511:
1504:Zaw Win Than,
1499:
1488:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1466:Mintha Theater
1463:
1455:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1422:
1421:External links
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1405:
1385:
1374:
1364:
1363:
1350:
1323:
1312:(3): 273–317.
1289:
1263:
1226:
1204:
1197:
1183:Spiro, Melford
1171:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1040:အနောက် မိဘုရား
1032:
1028:မြောက်ဘက်ရှင်မ
1020:
1008:
996:
984:
972:
960:
948:
936:
924:
915:Mandalay Bodaw
912:
900:
888:
876:
867:Medaw Shwezaga
864:
852:
848:မင်းရဲအောင်တင်
840:
828:
816:
804:
792:
780:
768:
756:
744:
732:
720:
708:
696:
684:
672:
660:
648:
635:
596:Gautama Buddha
543:
540:
516:nat kannah pwè
354:
351:
332:တောင်စောင့်နတ်
289:
286:
219:
216:
211:ကိုယ်စောင့်နတ်
147:(နတ်ကွန်း) or
90:King Anawrahta
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3178:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3131:
3123:
3122:
3119:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3080:Spectrophilia
3078:
3076:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3066:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2995:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2971:Ghost hunting
2969:
2965:
2964:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2876:South America
2874:
2866:
2865:San Francisco
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2835:United States
2833:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2781:North America
2779:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2649:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2609:
2607:
2606:Madam Koi Koi
2604:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2588:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2556:Haunted ships
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2546:Haunted house
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2488:
2486:
2481:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2442:Mani Maykhala
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2382:Ma Ngwe Taung
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Beikthano Nat
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2337:Shin Upagutta
2335:
2334:
2332:
2330:Miscellaneous
2328:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2256:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2226:Ko Aung Naing
2224:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2095:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1987:Minye Aungdin
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1940:Shwe Nawrahta
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1865:
1863:
1858:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1847:
1837:
1836:
1825:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1780:Protestantism
1778:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1727:Buddhābhiṣeka
1725:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:Thathanabaing
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1528:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1396:on 2012-12-03
1395:
1391:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1330:
1328:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1294:
1279:on 2004-07-17
1278:
1274:
1267:
1252:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1215:
1208:
1200:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1072:
1069:
1060:
1057:
1048:
1045:
1036:
1033:
1024:
1021:
1012:
1009:
1000:
997:
988:
985:
976:
973:
964:
961:
952:
949:
940:
937:
928:
925:
916:
913:
904:
901:
892:
889:
880:
877:
868:
865:
856:
853:
844:
843:Minye Aungdin
841:
832:
829:
820:
817:
808:
805:
800:မောင်မင်းရှင်
796:
793:
784:
781:
772:
769:
760:
757:
752:အောင်စွာမကြီး
748:
745:
736:
735:Shwe Nawrahta
733:
724:
721:
712:
709:
700:
697:
688:
685:
676:
673:
664:
661:
652:
649:
640:
637:
636:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
570:at Mount Popa
569:
565:
560:
553:
548:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
508:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
386:
382:
377:
370:
365:
360:
350:
348:
338:
328:
318:
317:taw saung nat
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
285:
283:
279:
276:. Worship of
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
250:globalization
244:, August 1989
243:
239:
235:
230:
225:
215:
207:
185:မိဆိုင်ဖဆိုင်
181:
177:
167:
166:ywa saung nat
163:
160:
150:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
106:
102:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
74:
73:[naʔ]
66:
62:
52:
44:
40:
32:
19:
3151:Burmese nats
3085:Spiritualism
3051:
2961:
2924:Mesopotamian
2860:Pennsylvania
2628:
2590:By continent
2561:Hungry ghost
2531:Ghost lights
2387:Medaw Lay Ba
2342:Shin Thiwali
2301:Amay Yay Yin
2068:Anauk Mibaya
2038:Htibyuhsaung
2013:Maung Minbyu
1992:Shwe Sitthin
1982:Tabinshwehti
1966:Maungminshin
1945:Aungzwamagyi
1916:(Naga Medaw)
1875:
1833:
1806:Other topics
1770:Christianity
1763:Nat (spirit)
1651:Other topics
1637:Dwara Nikaya
1546:
1545:Kira Salak,
1529:, 2006-11-24
1526:
1505:
1493:
1431:
1416:Hla Tha Mein
1409:
1398:. Retrieved
1394:the original
1378:
1370:
1355:. Retrieved
1336:
1309:
1305:
1281:. Retrieved
1277:the original
1266:
1255:. Retrieved
1244:
1218:. Retrieved
1212:Dr Sein Tu.
1207:
1187:
1163:. Retrieved
1101:Hungry ghost
1035:Anauk Mibaya
1016:မင်းကျော်စွာ
968:ထီးဖြူဆောင်း
963:Htibyuhsaung
908:မောင်မင်းဖြူ
903:Maung Minbyu
855:Shwe Sitthin
836:တပင်ရွှေထီး
831:Tabinshwehti
795:Maungminshin
747:Aungzwamagyi
651:Min Mahagiri
622:
616:
611:
587:
583:
579:
573:
551:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
510:
506:
504:
499:
491:
487:
483:
480:hsaing waing
477:
468:
464:
460:
442:
438:
434:
430:
429:
420:
404:
392:
390:
387:in Amarapura
384:
368:
346:
336:
326:
322:တောစောင့်နတ်
316:
314:
308:
304:
301:Kyaukpadaung
281:
277:
253:
247:
237:
233:
206:ko saung nat
205:
179:
175:
171:ရွာစောင့်နတ်
165:
161:
148:
144:
142:
125:
121:
115:
104:
100:
98:
93:
85:
64:
50:
48:
42:
18:Nat (spirit)
3045:Court cases
2592:and culture
2566:Poltergeist
2412:Ma Phae Wah
2397:Mya Nan Nwe
2312:Myauk Medaw
2307:Taung Medaw
2297:Anauk Medaw
2292:Ashay Medaw
2258:Lord of the
2241:Ko Myo Shin
2178:Koyin Maung
2124:Maha Peinne
2085:(Ma Hnelay)
2058:Min Kyawzwa
2002:Maung Po Tu
1909:Hnamadawgyi
1775:Catholicism
1738:Phongyibyan
1011:Min Kyawzwa
884:မောင်ဘိုးတူ
879:Maung Po Tu
740:ရွှေနော်ရထာ
668:နှမတော်ကြီး
663:Hnamadawgyi
656:မင်းမဟာဂီရိ
473:trans women
381:Min Kyawzwa
369:Taung Kalat
305:Taung Kalat
164:called the
3145:Categories
2981:Mediumship
2899:Polynesian
2840:California
2792:Caribbean
2724:Vietnamese
2437:Wathondare
2220:Bago Medaw
2199:U Shin Gyi
2174:(Me Wunna)
2172:Popa Medaw
2158:Other nats
2144:Thuyathadi
2138:Paramethwa
1977:Nyaunggyin
1968:(Shin Byu)
1962:(Shin Nyo)
1960:Taungmagyi
1935:Thandawgan
1920:Thonbanhla
1914:Shwe Nabay
1551:. May 2006
1400:2006-07-03
1357:2008-09-13
1283:2008-09-11
1257:2008-09-11
1220:2008-09-13
1165:2008-09-14
1129:References
896:ယွန်းဘုရင်
860:ရွှေစစ်သင်
824:ညောင်ချင်း
819:Nyaunggyin
788:တောင်မကြီး
783:Taungmagyi
764:ငါးစီးရှင်
759:Ngazi Shin
723:Thandawgan
687:Thonbanhla
675:Shwe Nabay
644:သိကြားမင်း
612:Great Nats
580:Great Nats
528:nat kannah
511:Great Nats
397:Mount Popa
357:See also:
297:Mount Popa
254:Great Nats
176:Great Nats
116:Much like
94:Great Nats
86:Great Nats
3026:Halloween
3014:Indonesia
2823:locations
2760:locations
2717:locations
2690:locations
2673:locations
2656:locations
2639:locations
2612:locations
2503:ghostlore
2372:Lawka Nat
2357:Bo Bo Gyi
2317:Amay Gyan
2213:Bago nats
2165:Popa nats
2114:Beikthano
2083:Shin Nemi
2053:Min Sithu
2007:Yun Bayin
1950:Ngazishin
1894:Thagyamin
1734:(Awgatha)
1683:Thilashin
1614:Theravada
1458:Nat Dance
1306:Discourse
1071:Shin Nemi
1052:ရှင်ကုန်း
1004:မင်းစည်သူ
999:Min Sithu
891:Yun Bayin
692:သုံးပန်လှ
680:ရွှေနံဘေး
639:Thagyamin
608:Thagyamin
576:Anawrahta
524:nat kadaw
496:palm wine
469:nat gadaw
465:nat kadaw
443:nat kadaw
425:Amarapura
342:ရုက္ခစိုး
307:with its
270:Irrawaddy
258:Anawrahta
234:nat kadaw
118:sainthood
3130:Category
2883:Colombia
2685:Japanese
2651:Filipino
2427:Bhummaso
2422:Akathaso
2352:Ponmagyi
2149:Thukanda
2009:(Mekuti)
1904:Mahagiri
1835:Category
1787:Hinduism
1605:Buddhism
1251:Archived
1185:(1996).
1156:Archived
1106:Lên đồng
1085:See also
1076:ရှင်နဲမိ
812:ရှင်တော်
728:သံတော်ခံ
716:မင်းတရား
505:Whereas
492:nat naan
448:နတ်ကတော်
413:Mandalay
256:by King
110:နတ်စိမ်း
105:nat sein
82:Buddhism
3068:Related
3031:Samhain
2917:History
2892:Oceania
2850:Indiana
2818:Mexican
2802:Navajo
2772:Romania
2756:France
2740:English
2678:Bengali
2644:Tibetan
2634:Chinese
2629:Burmese
2599:African
2432:Yokkaso
2250:Hkuntha
2247:Hkuncho
2078:Shingwa
2073:Shingon
1972:Shindaw
1930:Mintara
1797:Judaism
1693:Kappiya
1673:Sayadaw
1461:YouTube
1059:Shingwa
1047:Shingon
807:Shindaw
711:Mintara
568:Min Lay
564:Min Gyi
507:nat pwè
488:nat kun
484:nat pwè
435:nat pwè
421:Wagaung
385:nat pwe
337:yokkazo
268:in the
238:nat pwè
193:
149:nat sin
145:nat kun
78:Myanmar
43:Nat oun
3112:Spirit
2976:Séance
2963:kaidan
2855:Oregon
2806:Chindi
2788:Canada
2733:Europe
2702:Korean
2668:Indian
2499:Ghosts
2119:Byamma
1705:Kyaung
1538:Part 2
1534:Part 1
1517:Flickr
1348:
1344:, US.
1195:
1064:ရှင်ကွ
554:shrine
522:. The
457:shaman
453:medium
405:Natdaw
242:Mingun
154:နတ်စင်
3102:Geist
3009:India
2904:Maori
2796:Duppy
2707:Malay
2695:Onryō
2622:Asian
2134:Thiwa
2129:Sandi
2103:Hindu
1898:Śakra
1792:Islam
1732:Okāsa
1159:(PDF)
1152:(PDF)
1111:Preta
600:Śakra
574:King
532:yo-ya
401:Bagan
383:at a
299:from
262:Bagan
134:Bamar
61:MLCTS
3107:Soul
2712:Thai
2501:and
2106:nats
1876:Nats
1688:Yogi
1536:and
1346:ISBN
1193:ISBN
631:Shan
627:Thai
623:nats
602:, a
588:nats
566:and
520:nats
500:nats
461:nats
439:nats
431:Nats
282:nats
278:nats
190:lit.
122:nats
101:nats
69:IPA:
51:nats
49:The
1314:doi
625:of
590:to
584:nat
552:nat
490:or
445:s (
415:in
393:nat
347:nat
329:s (
319:s (
309:nat
240:in
214:).
178:as
162:nat
126:Nat
65:nat
56:နတ်
3147::
1430:.
1340:.
1326:^
1310:31
1308:.
1304:.
1292:^
1249:.
1243:.
1229:^
1174:^
1137:^
935:)
502:.
455:,
232:A
188:;
120:,
67:;
63::
59:;
2614:)
2491:e
2484:t
2477:v
2303:)
2299:(
2140:)
2136:(
1900:)
1896:(
1868:e
1861:t
1854:v
1589:e
1582:t
1575:v
1436:.
1412:.
1403:.
1360:.
1320:.
1316::
1286:.
1260:.
1223:.
1201:.
1168:.
1079:)
1073:(
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1055:)
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1043:)
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1019:)
1013:(
1007:)
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995:)
989:(
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959:)
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941:(
929:(
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917:(
911:)
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893:(
887:)
881:(
875:)
869:(
863:)
857:(
851:)
845:(
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833:(
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821:(
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809:(
803:)
797:(
791:)
785:(
779:)
773:(
767:)
761:(
755:)
749:(
743:)
737:(
731:)
725:(
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713:(
707:)
701:(
695:)
689:(
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677:(
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339:(
208:(
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151:(
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