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553:, while almost assassinating the Japanese consul. The 6th Army of the NRA, with its large contingent of communist soldiers, systematically looted the homes and businesses of the foreign residents, and one American, two Britons, one French citizen, an Italian, and a Japanese were killed by Chinese soldiers. Chinese snipers also targeted the American consul and marines who were guarding him, which forced them to flee into "Socony Hill" (So named because of property belonging to the Standard Oil Company of New York) where American citizens were sheltering. During this mayhem, one Chinese soldier declared, "we don't want money, anyway, we want to kill."
267:
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928:, foreign minister of the newly formed Nationalist government in Nanjing, reached agreements with the United States and Great Britain to settle the damages caused by the Nanking incident, and the Kuomintang agreed to apologize and pay significant compensation to both countries without disclosing the exact sum. Although the Kuomintang suffered financial loss as a result of this settlement, the Nationalist government did receive international recognition and established formal diplomatic relationship with two of the world's great powers for the first time after the Northern Expedition.
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to search for suspected enemies hiding inside, but left peacefully after none were found. But immediately afterwards, uniformed soldiers and local
Chinese residents started large-scale rioting against foreign interests, burning houses and attacking the British, American and Japanese consulates, and
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Afterwards, the
Nationalist Government issued a statement blaming the deserters from Zhang Zongchang's army for starting the attacks on the foreign consulates, and also accused the Communist soldiers within the NRA of committing atrocities which were wrongly assigned to the Kuomintang.
460:, a large waterway that separates northern and southern China. Because the foreign interests in China were largely American and European, squadrons of foreign naval vessels were stationed along the Yangtze to protect their citizens doing business at the treaty ports. The British
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well in advance of the battery, but when the ship went around the bend the
Chinese did not fire. By the end of that day all hostilities ended. About 40 people were killed in total. One British sailor was killed, Able Seaman John Knox from the
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gave orders for his defeated troops to withdraw from the city. Some of his soldiers who were unable to retreat in time deserted and began to loot foreign properties and attacked two foreigners who were in their way.
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In the early morning of 24 March, the NRA began to enter
Nanjing without any resistance from Zhang Zongchang's army. Afterwards they entered the British, American and Japanese
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used anti-imperialists and anti-foreign sentiments to instigate the
Nanking incident, and conspired to strengthen the communists and damage the right-wing faction of the
416:. Foreign warships bombarded the city to defend foreign residents against rioting and looting. Several ships were involved in the engagement, including vessels of the
1678:
734:, and other warships may have participated in the bombardment as well. After the bombardment, foreign civilians hiding on Sacony Hill were rescued by sailors from
772:′s crew were preparing their machine gun when 3-inch (76 mm) guns at the fort suddenly engaged them. Several shots missed the ships, but one eventually hit
776:′s fire control platform, causing no casualties. A 4-inch (100 mm) gun was then aimed at the fort, and after a few rounds the Chinese guns were silenced.
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out of the area. She was filled with evacuees and needed protection, but just as the two ships were starting to leave, sniper fire from the riverbanks hit
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By the end of March 24, Nanjing was burning and littered with bomb craters and casualties from the battle. Early the next morning, just before dawn, USS
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restored order in
Nanjing and successfully restrained soldiers from further hostile actions against foreign forces, while requesting the
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was attacked again. This time, the two ships were in between Silver Island and Fort Hsing-Shan. Rifle fire was first heard, and
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was also involved in the naval operations at the time. Five
American destroyers were also sent to engage the NRA; including
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G. B. Ashe later recalled that the
Chinese had emplaced a field-piece at a river bend outside of Nanjing so he ordered
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At 3:38 pm, the NRA soldiers and
Chinese rioters were driven off by high explosive rounds and machine gun fire from
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795:, 52 mi (84 km) south of Zhenjiang. Snipers once again harassed the ships, but machine gun fire from
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963:, January 1928 – the account of the Lieutenant Commander Roy C. Smith, Jr., the officer in charge of the
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On 23 March 1927, with the rapidly approaching
National Revolutionary Army (NRA) about to reach Nanjing,
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742:. The two American vessels fired 67 shells by this point and thousands of rifle and machine gun rounds.
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soldiers within the NRA participated in the rioting and looting of foreign-owned property in Nanjing.
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to mediate a cease fire with foreign naval vessels. On March 27, with 70 more refugees aboard,
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Ray D. Plumley. American forces involved in the Nanking Incident received the
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909:. Therefore, the Nanking incident contributed to his decision to violently
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1104:, Bob Hackett, Sander Kingsepp and Peter Cundall. Retrieved March 24, 2012
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from the Kuomintang in Shanghai on 12 April 1927, formally ending their
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The War of 1898, and U.S. interventions, 1898–1934: An Encyclopedia
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Three hours later, as the two vessels steamed down the river,
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quickly forced the Chinese to retreat. Later on the
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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838:for the evacuation of their citizens in Nanjing.
143:The Nationalist capital building in Nanjing, 1927
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761:and silenced the attackers after a few moments.
890:National Revolutionary Army commander in chief
404:) occurred in March 1927 during the capture of
1150:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press.
1098:IJN Gunboat NARUMI: Tabular Record of Movement
657:arrived toward the end of the engagement, and
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1743:Battles and operations of the Yangtze Patrol
1539:Wartime perception of the Chinese Communists
1173:. Hoboken: Taylor & Francis Publishing.
866:, and there was only one American casualty,
1134:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships
1748:Naval battles involving the United Kingdom
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313:
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1758:Naval battles involving the United States
787:returned to Nanjing and later joined HMS
757:. The Americans returned fire with their
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1128:This article incorporates text from the
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483:; both lasted for around 80 years until
183:Foreign citizens evacuated successfully.
1793:Attacks on diplomatic missions in China
1113:安徽史学, 2012年第01期, "《申报》关于1927年南京事件报道之分析"
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1148:Yangtze Patrol: The U.S. Navy in China
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456:located on the southern shores of the
436:including some 140 Dutch forces. Both
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1798:Naval bombing operations and battles
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
16:1927 anti-foreigner riots in Nanjing
853:left Nanjing and headed downriver.
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823:the Dutch sent the light cruiser
1679:ROC Government retreat to Taiwan
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819:. The Italians sent the gunboat
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1668:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
1075:. April 4, 1927. Archived from
944:, (The Macmillan Company, 1940)
34:needs additional citations for
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957:United States Naval Institute
917:and officially commencing the
408:(then spelt 'Nanking') by the
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1:
1763:Naval battles involving Japan
1753:Naval battles involving China
1708:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
1683:PRC incorporation of Xinjiang
1275:Constitutional ROC Government
1137:. The entry can be found
1016:
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1697:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
1433:Chinese Communist Revolution
980:, (US Naval Institute, 2000)
881:
7:
1738:Military history of Nanjing
1293:Republic of China on Taiwan
1261:National Revolutionary Army
1229:Principal belligerents and
1165:Beede, R. Benjamin (1994).
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952:Within the Walls of Nanking
898:and Soviet advisors in the
841:By March 26, NRA commander
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410:National Revolutionary Army
242:National Revolutionary Army
10:
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1505:Fujian People's Government
1371:People's Republic of China
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58:"Nanking incident of 1927"
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1356:People's Liberation Army
1495:Chinese Soviet Republic
1471:Autumn Harvest Uprising
1069:"Foreign News: NANKING"
896:Chinese Communist Party
494:The American destroyer
1693:Hainan Island campaign
1572:Double Tenth Agreement
1568:Chongqing Negotiations
1485:Encirclement campaigns
903:Nationalist Government
533:
502:
452:Nanjing in 1927 was a
248:Commanders and leaders
1582:Jiaochangkou Incident
1146:Tolley, Kemp (2000).
872:Yangtze Service Medal
783:over to the British,
541:killing the American
525:
493:
473:Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt
432:were also landed for
261:Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt
948:Alice Tisdale Hobart
911:purge the communists
855:Lieutenant Commander
647:toward Nanjing. The
526:The British cruiser
401:Nan-ching Shih-chien
43:improve this article
1788:Northern Expedition
1535:Second United Front
1455:Nanjing–Wuhan split
1403:Sun–Joffe Manifesto
1252:National Government
1058:Tolley, p. 150–160.
894:suspected that the
551:John Elias Williams
414:Northern Expedition
131:Northern Expedition
1475:Guangzhou Uprising
1413:First United Front
915:First United Front
803:sent the gunboats
785:William B. Preston
747:William B. Preston
678:William B. Preston
547:Nanjing University
534:
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477:United States Navy
422:United States Navy
1783:March 1927 events
1778:Conflicts in 1927
1723:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1637:Liaoshen campaign
1619:Yu Zisan Incident
1586:Peiping rape case
1555:
1554:
1467:Nanchang uprising
1463:Little Long March
1451:Shanghai massacre
1241:Nationalist Party
1219:Chinese Civil War
1102:Japanese Gunboats
954:(Macmillan, 1929)
919:Chinese Civil War
821:Ermanno Carlotto,
705:sent the gunboat
434:rescue operations
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155:March 21–27, 1927
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93:
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1773:Combat incidents
1651:Pingjin campaign
1647:Huaihai campaign
1596:Marshall Mission
1561:
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1447:Shanghai Commune
1443:Nanking incident
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1079:on March 1, 2009
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938:Edna Lee Booker
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516:Zhang Zongchang
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1459:715 Incident
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1081:. Retrieved
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485:World War II
470:Rear Admiral
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345:Alice Dollar
344:
336:
272:Roy C. Smith
192:Belligerents
129:Part of the
105:
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1423:Canton Coup
974:Kemp Tolley
960:Proceedings
595:Petersfield
590:minesweeper
454:treaty port
438:Nationalist
1732:Categories
1606:Operation
1515:Long March
1017:References
932:Literature
907:Kuomintang
876:Navy Cross
843:Cheng Qian
609:destroyers
607:, and the
563:Vindictive
538:consulates
530:Vindictive
462:Royal Navy
418:Royal Navy
396:Wade–Giles
284:Cheng Qian
99:March 2017
69:newspapers
1704:1950–1958
1643:1948–1949
1608:Beleaguer
1602:1945–1949
1592:1945–1947
1531:1937–1946
1511:1934–1936
1501:1933–1934
1491:1931–1934
1481:1930–1934
1429:1927–1949
1388:Post-1945
1231:campaigns
1083:April 11,
924:In 1928,
882:Aftermath
847:Red Cross
759:Lewis gun
690:Pillsbury
666:USS
659:HMS
652:HMS
644:Wild Swan
612:HMS
593:HMS
571:HMS
561:HMS
528:HMS
496:USS
442:Communist
1675:Incident
1673:Amethyst
1664:Incident
1633:incident
1384:Pre-1945
1321:Red Army
985:See also
926:Huang Fu
836:La Marne
827:and the
801:Japanese
793:Wen-chow
732:Carlotto
573:Carlisle
514:warlord
506:Incident
475:and the
420:and the
361:incident
347:incident
339:incident
337:Monocacy
160:Location
1631:Kiangya
868:fireman
864:Emerald
851:Preston
817:Shinoki
797:Cricket
791:and SS
789:Cricket
774:Preston
770:Preston
766:Preston
755:Preston
740:Preston
728:Preston
716:Emerald
696:Simpson
661:Cricket
649:gunboat
632:Veteran
626:Wishart
600:gunboat
585:Emerald
579:Caradoc
512:Beiyang
448:Context
430:sailors
426:Marines
406:Nanjing
378:Chinese
169:Jiangsu
165:Nanjing
83:scholar
1368:
1177:
1154:
1126:
829:French
809:Katata
805:Hodero
781:Kungwo
751:Kungwo
720:Wolsey
671:under
638:Verity
620:Wolsey
598:, the
588:, the
566:, the
549:, Dr.
468:under
398::
388::
386:pinyin
380::
227:
215:
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180:Result
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900:Wuhan
833:aviso
831:sent
654:Aphis
359:Panay
230:Japan
173:China
90:JSTOR
76:books
1689:1950
1657:1949
1625:1948
1615:1947
1578:1946
1564:1945
1546:1944
1521:1936
1439:1927
1419:1926
1409:1924
1399:1923
1345:etc.
1175:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1139:here
1085:2011
1073:TIME
965:USS
815:and
813:Momo
738:and
730:and
693:and
641:and
604:Gnat
582:and
479:the
440:and
428:and
382:南京事件
372:The
357:USS
335:USS
152:Date
62:news
1629:SS
967:Noa
736:Noa
724:Noa
668:Noa
635:,
629:,
576:,
545:of
498:Noa
45:by
1734::
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