358:
Arsenius III ÄarnojeviÄ in 1700 in Secu. Danilo gathered the chieftains and ordered them to exterminate "native Turks" who refused to be baptized. Serb historian
Vladimir ÄoroviÄ states that the action was directed by Vuk BoriloviÄ and the MartinoviÄ brothers, along with several bureaucrats. At Christmas, before dawn, they killed the Muslims of Cetinje. Thousands were massacred, but only one of the bishop's men was wounded. In the following days, many Muslims were expelled from surrounding settlements. Men, women and children were slaughtered.
349:
thus creating resentment between
Christians and Muslims leading to the events. Danilo I then decided, after a series of severe conflicts, that the Muslims and Christians could no longer live together. In the plot of The Mountain Wreath, two assemblies of Christian Montenegrin chieftains gather, one on the eve of Pentecost, and the other on the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, with the decision to drive out the Turks. Some Balkan historians doubt the massacre ever occurred.
265:ŠŠ¾ŃŃŃŠøŃŠ° or Istraga Poturica). Despite the difficulty of proving that an event of such magnitude and in such manner as described by NjegoÅ” ever took place in Montenegro, the poem's main theme is a subject of significant political and ideological debate. Recently published History of Montenegro tells us that such an event initiated by Metropolitan Danilo occurred in 1707, but was highly localized in character, happening only in ÄekliÄi clan, one of over twenty
1160:
38:
491:. "The Mountain Wreath" is an important literary achievement and cannot be viewed exclusively as national literature because it deals with issues much broader than the narrow margins of Montenegrin political and cultural space, and in PavloviÄ's view, should not be read outside the context of the time of its inception, nor from the perspective of one book.
328:. Aside from many powerful metaphors, striking images, and a healthy dose of humour which enlivens an otherwise sombre and often tragic atmosphere, the poem also features numerous profound thoughts, frequently expressed in the laconic proverbial manner, with many verses later becoming famous proverbs, for example:
463:, PavloviÄ argues that it suffices to say that, at present, some 20% of the Montenegrin population is of Islamic faith, and that Montenegrins of the Islamic faith and their socio-cultural heritage have been in the past and are at present an integral part of the general matrix of Montenegrin society, as seen in
348:
European powers united with the goal of weakening
Ottoman influence and pursued a policy of enforcing Christian populations. In 1690, Patriarch Arseny III ÄarnojeviÄ encouraged Serbs to revolt against the Ottomans. During the same year, a Montenegrin movement of liberation began, initiated by Venice,
301:
is the struggle for freedom, justice and dignity. The characters fight to correct a local flaw in their society ā the presence of turncoats whose allegiance is to a foreign power bent on conquest ā but they are at the same time involved in a struggle between good and evil. Pointing at the ideals that
455:
far more sinister than its praise of tyrannicide. With its call for the extermination of those
Montenegrins who had converted to Islam, the poem was also a paean to ethnic cleansing ... it helps explain how the Serbian national consciousness has been moulded and how ideas of national liberation are
288:
point at similarities with NjegoÅ” and his own time, indicating that it is safe to assume that many of the thoughts and words of Bishop Danilo and Abbot
Stephen reflect NjegoÅ”'s own, and that the main plot of the play illuminates his overriding ambition to free his people and enable them to live in
764:(The epic poem draws on the events of Christmas Eve 1702 (although it is not known if these events actually took place) when, in an attempt to save Montenegro from Ottoman penetration, Montenegrin Muslims were offered the choice of ābaptism or deathā ed.). London: Kenneth Morrison. p. 23
425:
sentiments. He views
Ottoman rule over medieval Christian Serbia as an effective guard against crusading warriors of Western Catholicism, stating that the poem views "Muslim's repeated pleads for coexistence simply as satanic temptations, the smile of Judas, which the Metropolitan Danilo finally
383:
has been the subject of praise and criticism, frequently used to support diametrically opposing views. Regardless of their political agendas, ideological preferences or religious persuasions, every new generation of South Slav historians and politicians appropriates NjegoÅ”'s work hoping to find
366:
Pavle Rak, a Serb-Slovenian journalist, described the massacre as a "total inversion of the meaning of
Christmas celebration that should bring peace from God to the whole world" as Christian values were abandoned for politics. Author Rebecca West, an admirer of Montenegrin culture who published
357:
According to
Montenegrin folklore, the massacre was carried out on Christmas Eve, however there are disagreements of the date of the massacre, stretching from 1702 and 1709ā1711. The main driver was Bishop Danilo Å ÄepÄeviÄ, native of NjeguÅ”i, who was elected as bishop in 1697 and consecrated by
264:
The poem is constructed around a single, allegedly historical event, that took place on a particular
Christmas Day in the early 18th century, during Metropolitan Danilo's rule: the mass execution of Montenegrins who had converted to Islam, known as "The Inquisition of the Turkicized" (ŠŃŃŃŠ°Š³Š°
248:
Starting as a poetic vision it develops into a political-historical drama that expands into a wreath of epic depictions of
Montenegrin life, including feasts, gatherings, customs, beliefs, and the struggle to survive the Ottoman oppression. With a strong philosophical basis in its 2819 verses
367:"Black Lamb and Grey Falcon" (1941), is described as an admirer of the alleged massacre. Literary critic Vojislav NikÄeviÄ stated that the poem was artistic with a lively spirit to make both the reader and the scholar experience the depicted event as reality.
289:
peace and dignity. NjegoÅ” is angry because, together with other Montenegrins, he is forced to wage a constant battle for survival of the Montenegrin state, its freedom, its traditions and culture against a much stronger opponent. For him, the
315:
Ideas that represent NjegoÅ”'s personal thoughts and philosophical views of nature, people and society. Thoughts about never-ending battle between everything in nature, rectitude, vice and virtue, good and evil, honour and shame, duty and
272:
The fact that NjegoÅ” used this event only as a general framework, without bothering about the exact historical data, underscores his concern with an issue that preoccupied him throughout his entire life and which was in line with
302:
should concern all mankind, NjegoÅ” expresses a firm belief in man and in his basic goodness and integrity. He also shows that man must forever fight for his rights and for whatever he attains, for nothing comes by chance.
293:
of Montenegrins represents the initial stage in the process of dissolving the traditional socio-cultural values that are so typical for Montenegro, and he condemns the converts for not being conscious of that fact.
478:
as a tale of a long-gone heroic tribal society whose depicted state of affairs had little in common with the Montenegro of NjegoÅ”'s time and has nothing in common with contemporary Montenegro. However,
618:
His nephew Peter II Petrovic (1830ā1851) was to do much to promote cultural life, and with his poem, The Mountain Wreath (Gorski Vijenac, 1847), he added a masterpiece to Serbian literature.
411:
and fratricidal murder. Montenegrin independentists largely shy away from any interpretation of NjegoÅ”'s poetry, and only on occasion discuss its literal and linguistic merits.
483:
does speak volumes about political, social, cultural and economic conditions in Montenegro during the early 19th century, and about NjegoÅ”'s efforts to advocate the ideas of
436:, is notable for its celebration of ethnic cleansing. In his view, it "denotes Slavic Muslims as Christ-Killers, and plays a significant role in ethnic conflict and
432:, an American professor of Islamic History and Literature of Serbian descent, shares a similar view, stating that the poem, a required reading in all schools in
241:
to regulate relations among the region's warring tribes. Written as a series of fictitious scenes in the form of dialogues and monologues, the poem opens with
470:
PavloviÄ argues that NjegoÅ” the politician was trying to accomplish the restructuring of a tribal society into a nation in accordance with the concept of
2631:
959:
284:
In his foreword to the first English edition of the poem in 1930, Anglicist Vasa D. MihajloviÄ argues that much of the action and many characters in
1011:
245:
vision of the spread of Turkish power in Europe. Torn by inner conflict he sees that the struggle is inevitable, but dreads the issues.
242:
238:
800:
dr. Äedomir MarjanoviÄ, āIstorija srpske crkveā, knj. II, Srpska crkva u ropstvu od 1462ā1920. Beograd. āSv. Savaā, 1930. str. 56ā57.
745:
Dr. Äedomir MarjanoviÄ, āIstorija srpske crkveā, knj. II, Srpska crkva u ropstvu od 1462ā1920. Beograd. āSv. Savaā, 1930. str. 56ā57.
500:
971:
433:
2646:
2611:
2601:
2153:
929:
641:
611:
581:
525:
Mihailovich, Vasa D. (2006). "Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”: The Mountain Wreath". In Trencsenyi, Balazs; Kopecek, Michal (eds.).
505:
2591:
1100:
2014:
2019:
147:
2360:
1305:
873:
821:
811:
536:
2606:
1139:
1095:
1004:
1446:
253:
depicts three distinct, opposing civilizations: the heroic-patriarchal classical Montenegro, the oriental-Islamic
2651:
2621:
97:
17:
1486:
1300:
183:
1937:
1837:
2443:
1456:
1204:
309:
Ideas that call for national awakening and unification of Montenegrin Serb people in the struggle for freedom
187:
51:
1571:
1436:
312:
Ideas that reflect folk wisdom, traditional ethical values and a heroic, epic view of life and value systems
2641:
2636:
2099:
1350:
1295:
1782:
1451:
266:
2616:
2596:
2313:
1068:
1063:
997:
705:
1922:
1872:
2544:
2323:
1917:
977:
730:
674:
2258:
2183:
2146:
1692:
1214:
1189:
345:
1817:
1647:
1471:
895:
2454:
2365:
1320:
1280:
1259:
1174:
226:
2374:
2120:
2029:
1441:
1234:
2485:
2386:
2059:
1877:
1244:
2024:
1952:
1516:
1340:
863:
2345:
1134:
844:
783:
471:
278:
2079:
1390:
571:
558:(The Mountain Wreath) which is considered a masterpiece in Serbian and Montenegrin literature.
2550:
2469:
2207:
2084:
1892:
1882:
1822:
1591:
1476:
631:
2278:
2074:
1712:
1667:
1617:
1491:
1310:
2399:
2139:
1989:
1612:
1506:
1411:
1355:
1209:
1078:
1056:
396:
2392:
2303:
2049:
1947:
1847:
1787:
1657:
1596:
1426:
1380:
1345:
1315:
756:
305:
The main themes of "The Mountain Wreath" can be divided into three interlaced categories:
8:
2626:
2586:
2581:
2459:
2173:
2009:
1812:
1757:
1737:
1536:
1521:
1112:
388:
325:
2263:
2069:
2054:
2039:
1897:
1887:
1827:
1807:
1747:
1586:
1501:
1496:
1466:
1421:
1370:
1290:
1229:
2409:
2288:
1999:
1927:
1802:
1772:
1662:
1576:
1285:
1264:
1254:
1249:
1224:
1199:
1149:
1090:
1020:
376:
258:
222:
218:
2464:
2298:
2268:
2044:
1797:
1792:
1707:
1687:
1652:
1632:
1531:
1416:
2555:
2517:
2479:
2414:
2228:
1932:
1767:
1672:
1431:
1360:
1051:
1046:
925:
869:
817:
637:
607:
577:
573:
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of World Drama: An International Reference Work in 5 Volumes
532:
488:
154:
142:
2089:
1962:
1842:
1722:
1702:
1541:
464:
2474:
2449:
2201:
1984:
1637:
1622:
1330:
1129:
1034:
983:
907:
686:
460:
408:
399:
as the ultimate statement of the Oriental nature of South Slavs living east of the
391:
use it as a historical justification in their attempt to keep alive their dream of
201:
and published it the following year after the printing in an Armenian monastery in
175:
87:
2293:
2252:
2064:
1857:
1852:
1832:
1762:
1697:
1677:
1642:
1566:
1561:
1461:
1395:
1375:
1365:
237:
Set in 18th-century Montenegro, the poem deals with attempts of NjegoÅ”'s ancestor
2493:
2224:
2178:
1979:
1867:
1742:
1194:
1073:
601:
526:
106:
2538:
1942:
1907:
1732:
1556:
1385:
2234:
2034:
1957:
1752:
1727:
1511:
1119:
1107:
965:
948:
417:, a leading British Muslim convert and scholar of Islam, maintains a view that
414:
392:
254:
214:
1627:
1526:
1325:
2575:
2318:
2283:
2273:
1551:
1546:
1335:
429:
2560:
2380:
2004:
1902:
1862:
1682:
1581:
1481:
972:
Project Rastko: Annotated digital edition, with an extensive glossary (.exe)
2533:
2404:
2308:
2219:
1717:
1239:
953:
784:"[Projekat Rastko - Cetinje] Zemljopis Knjazevine Crne Gore (1899)"
648:... is still considered the best example of Serbian/Montenegrin literature.
588:
The Mountain Wreath, considered the greatest work in Serbian literature,...
422:
321:
290:
161:
954:
Serb Land of Montenegro: Digital facsimile of the original printed edition
456:
inextricably linked with killing your neighbour and burning his village."
2528:
2162:
1994:
1124:
484:
437:
206:
2511:
2094:
1912:
1777:
1184:
1179:
1039:
281:. He subjects the entire plot and all characters to this central idea.
134:
2245:
2115:
989:
448:
274:
960:
Project Rastko: The Mountain Wreath (Vasa D. MihailoviÄ translation)
2354:
2213:
1219:
444:
is memorized and quoted by radical Serb nationalists of the 1990s.
978:
The Mountain Wreath: Poetry or a Blueprint for the Final Solution?
949:
Serb Land of Montenegro: Mountain Wreath (ŠŠ¾ŃŃŠŗŠø ŠŠøŃŠµŠ½Š°Ń)(Serbian)
720:
Komentar Gorskog Vijenca, prof.dr. Slobodan Tomovic, 1986, Cetinje
675:
The Mountain Wreath: Poetry or a Blueprint for the Final Solution?
2240:
1144:
1083:
984:
Slavic Muslims Portrayed as Christ-Killers in The Mountain Wreath
633:
Islam in the Balkans: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide
198:
110:
37:
603:
The Balkans: a short history from Greek times to the present day
210:
202:
102:
2131:
2432:
400:
155:
447:
According to British Jewish reporter and political analyst
528:
National Romanticism: The Formation of National Movements
845:"Žanrovske metamorfoze kosovskog zaveta ā Pavle Rak"
966:
Introduction to the 1930 James W. Wiles translation
459:Regarding the claims about the poem's influence in
426:overcomes by celebrating the massacre at the end".
335:
In suffering one learns who is the hero!" (137ā138)
324:metre, the poem is written in the pure language of
2573:
569:
554:Religion and the Politics of Identity in Kosovo
474:in the 19th century. PavloviÄ proposes reading
384:enough quotations to validate their own views.
556:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 188.
27:1847 poem and play by Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
2147:
1005:
706:Introduction to the First English Translation
551:
217:, thus combining three of the major modes of
865:Myths and boundaries in south-eastern Europe
701:
699:
697:
695:
545:
636:. Oxford University Press, US. p. 10.
524:
2154:
2140:
1012:
998:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
658:
656:
563:
370:
332:"When things go well 'tis easy to be good,
36:
732:Vladimir Corovic: Istorija srpskog naroda
716:
714:
692:
629:
754:
623:
593:
653:
14:
2574:
1019:
861:
711:
680:
2135:
993:
924:. Yale University Press. p. 77.
919:
908:Some Religious Dimensions of Genocide
901:
889:
809:
599:
239:Metropolitan Danilo I PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
531:. Budapest: CEU Press. p. 428.
221:. It is considered a masterpiece of
1101:Serb-Catholic movement in Dubrovnik
687:Kratka istorija Srpske književnosti
79:James W. Wiles, Vasa D. Mihailovich
24:
182:) is a poem and a play written by
25:
2663:
942:
501:MontenegrināOttoman War (1876ā78)
440:of the 1990s", pointing out that
2632:SerbianāTurkish Wars (1876ā1878)
2342:The Narration about Prince Lazar
1158:
1140:Association of Writers of Serbia
1096:Serbian Chancellery in Dubrovnik
896:The churches and the Bosnian War
2361:Life of Despot Stefan LazareviÄ
2161:
913:
868:. Hurst & Co. p. 165.
855:
837:
803:
794:
776:
748:
739:
723:
180:ŠŠ¾ŃŃŠŗŠø Š²ŠøŃŠµŠ½Š°Ń / Gorski vijenac
98:Mekhitarist Monastery of Vienna
2647:Military history of Montenegro
606:. Crane, Russak. p. 127.
518:
277:thought: the struggle against
131:Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
13:
1:
2602:Plays set in the 18th century
511:
506:Exodus of Muslims from Serbia
403:river, while others view the
361:
339:
2351:The Encomium of Prince Lazar
758:Montenegro: A Modern History
421:draws on ancient, violently
7:
1069:Medieval Serbian literature
1064:History of Republika Srpska
494:
451:"there was another side to
352:
10:
2668:
2592:18th century in Montenegro
2324:Fall of the Serbian Empire
986:By Michael Sells (English)
980:By Srdja Pavlovic(English)
755:Morrison, Kenneth (2009).
708:, Vasa D. Mihajlovic, 1930
2504:
2423:
2332:
2192:
2184:Serbian national identity
2169:
2108:
1971:
1605:
1404:
1273:
1190:Teodosije the Hilandarian
1167:
1156:
1027:
898:, Shayk Abdal Hakim Murad
813:In Defense of Lost Causes
630:ButuroviÄ, Amila (2010).
232:
179:
153:
141:
127:
117:
93:
83:
75:
62:ŠŠ¾ŃŃŠŗıŠ¹ Š²Ä±ŠµŠ½Š°ŃŃ (archaic)
57:
47:
35:
2612:Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
2455:Nicholas I of Montenegro
2444:Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
2366:Constantine of Kostenets
2255:(depiction of a traitor)
1457:Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
1260:Vladislav the Grammarian
1175:Stefan the First-Crowned
570:Stanley Hochman (1984).
326:Serbian epic folk poetry
267:tribes of Old Montenegro
257:, and the west-European
188:Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
52:Petar II PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
2607:Plays set in Montenegro
1351:Petar I PetroviÄ-NjegoÅ”
677:, Srdja Pavlovic, 2001.
576:. VNR AG. p. 194.
465:Montenegro demographics
371:Ideological controversy
64:ŠŠ¾ŃŃŠŗŠø Š²ŠøŃŠµŠ½Š°Ń (modern)
2652:Serbian Cyrillic texts
2622:Montenegrin literature
2371:Memoirs of a Janissary
1135:Serbian Literary Guild
816:. Verso. p. 463.
810:Žižek, Slavoj (2009).
552:Ger Duijzings (2000).
387:According to PavloviÄ
227:Montenegrin literature
2551:Vidovdan Constitution
2375:Konstantin MihailoviÄ
2121:Isidora SekuliÄ Award
1437:MilutinoviÄ Sarajlija
1235:Konstantin MihailoviÄ
689:, Jovan DeretiÄ, 1983
600:Hƶsch, Edgar (1972).
397:Croatian nationalists
243:Metropolitan Danilo's
2400:Kingdom of the Slavs
1953:Dragoslav MihailoviÄ
1487:StojadnoviÄ-Srpkinja
1306:StefanoviÄ VencloviÄ
1210:Stanislav of Lesnovo
1079:Charter of Ban Kulin
1057:History of Vojvodina
862:KolstĆø, PĆ„l (2005).
389:Serbian nationalists
31:The Mountain Wreath
2642:Serbian nationalism
2637:Serbian irredentism
2439:The Mountain Wreath
2174:Serbian epic poetry
1923:Branimir Å ÄepanoviÄ
1168:Medieval literature
1113:Serbian epic poetry
910:Michael Sells, 1995
762:(PDF Free Download)
481:The Mountain Wreath
476:The Mountain Wreath
453:The Mountain Wreath
442:The Mountain Wreath
419:The Mountain Wreath
381:The Mountain Wreath
346:Great War of Vienna
299:The Mountain Wreath
297:The basic theme of
286:The Mountain Wreath
251:The Mountain Wreath
219:literary expression
195:The Mountain Wreath
171:The Mountain Wreath
58:Original title
32:
2617:Serbian literature
2597:1847 in Montenegro
2387:Benedikt KuripeÄiÄ
2015:HabjanoviÄ ÄuroviÄ
1838:Aleksandar PopoviÄ
1618:Slobodan JovanoviÄ
1286:Pajsije of Janjevo
1265:Hieromonk Makarije
1255:Dimitar of Kratovo
1250:Pachomius the Serb
1150:Belgrade Book Fair
1091:Republic of Ragusa
1021:Serbian literature
851:. 17 October 2006.
472:national awakening
434:pre-war Yugoslavia
279:Ottoman domination
30:
2569:
2568:
2556:Gazimestan speech
2518:Paeonia peregrina
2480:Aleksandar Deroko
2393:TronoŔa Chronicle
2314:Kingdom of Heaven
2304:Strahinja BanoviÄ
2129:
2128:
1316:Vasilije PetroviÄ
1052:History of Kosovo
1047:History of Serbia
931:978-0-300-15826-7
643:978-0-19-980381-1
613:978-0-8448-0072-1
583:978-0-07-079169-5
489:Illyrian Movement
205:. It is a modern
167:
166:
128:Publication place
16:(Redirected from
2659:
2486:Battle of Kosovo
2470:Pavle ÄortanoviÄ
2264:JugoviÄ brothers
2202:Battle of Kosovo
2156:
2149:
2142:
2133:
2132:
2030:SiniÅ”a KovaÄeviÄ
1918:Blažo Å ÄepanoviÄ
1883:Živojin PavloviÄ
1828:Miodrag PavloviÄ
1783:MihajloviÄ Mihiz
1447:PopoviÄ Å apÄanin
1274:Pre-19th century
1230:Stefan LazareviÄ
1200:Patriarch Jefrem
1162:
1161:
1035:Serbian language
1028:Related articles
1014:
1007:
1000:
991:
990:
936:
935:
917:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
886:
884:
882:
859:
853:
852:
841:
835:
834:
832:
830:
807:
801:
798:
792:
791:
780:
774:
773:
771:
769:
763:
752:
746:
743:
737:
736:
727:
721:
718:
709:
703:
690:
684:
678:
672:
651:
650:
627:
621:
620:
597:
591:
590:
567:
561:
560:
549:
543:
542:
522:
461:ethnic cleansing
409:ethnic cleansing
407:as a manual for
379:points out that
181:
157:
119:Publication date
42:Original edition
40:
33:
29:
21:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2656:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2565:
2545:Medal of ObiliÄ
2539:Medal of ObiliÄ
2500:
2465:Adam StefanoviÄ
2426:popular culture
2425:
2419:
2334:
2328:
2299:Stevo VasojeviÄ
2259:Tsaritsa Milica
2194:
2188:
2179:Serb traditions
2165:
2160:
2130:
2125:
2109:Literary awards
2104:
2025:DuÅ”an KovaÄeviÄ
1973:
1967:
1873:Velmar-JankoviÄ
1708:Rastko PetroviÄ
1601:
1442:Sterija PopoviÄ
1400:
1356:ViÄentije RakiÄ
1269:
1215:Princess Milica
1195:Jakov of Serres
1163:
1159:
1154:
1074:Miroslav Gospel
1023:
1018:
945:
940:
939:
932:
918:
914:
906:
902:
894:
890:
880:
878:
876:
860:
856:
843:
842:
838:
828:
826:
824:
808:
804:
799:
795:
782:
781:
777:
767:
765:
761:
753:
749:
744:
740:
729:
728:
724:
719:
712:
704:
693:
685:
681:
673:
654:
644:
628:
624:
614:
598:
594:
584:
568:
564:
550:
546:
539:
523:
519:
514:
497:
405:Mountain Wreath
373:
364:
355:
342:
235:
197:during 1846 in
132:
120:
107:Austrian Empire
100:
65:
63:
43:
28:
23:
22:
18:Mountain Wreath
15:
12:
11:
5:
2665:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2523:kosovski božur
2514:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2460:Ivan MeÅ”troviÄ
2457:
2446:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2377:
2368:
2357:
2348:
2338:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2279:MusiÄ brothers
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2232:
2222:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2198:
2196:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1963:Goran PetroviÄ
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1517:JovanoviÄ Zmaj
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:MarkoviÄ Koder
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1120:Slavic studies
1117:
1116:
1115:
1108:Serbian poetry
1105:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1031:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1002:
994:
988:
987:
981:
975:
969:
963:
957:
951:
944:
943:External links
941:
938:
937:
930:
920:Judah (2009).
912:
900:
888:
874:
854:
836:
822:
802:
793:
775:
747:
738:
722:
710:
691:
679:
652:
642:
622:
612:
592:
582:
562:
544:
537:
516:
515:
513:
510:
509:
508:
503:
496:
493:
415:Timothy Winter
393:Greater Serbia
372:
369:
363:
360:
354:
351:
341:
338:
337:
336:
333:
322:decasyllabilic
318:
317:
313:
310:
261:civilization.
255:Ottoman Empire
234:
231:
165:
164:
159:
151:
150:
148:978-1915204264
145:
139:
138:
129:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
77:
73:
72:
68:Gorski vijenac
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
44:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2664:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2450:Onamo, 'namo!
2447:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2422:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2410:Filip ViÅ”njiÄ
2408:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2378:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2331:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2319:Chosen people
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2294:Pavle OrloviÄ
2292:
2290:
2289:Ivan KosanÄiÄ
2287:
2285:
2284:Milan Toplica
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2274:Kosovo Maiden
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:Vuk BrankoviÄ
2251:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2237:(main enemy)
2236:
2235:Ottoman Turks
2233:
2231:(main heroes)
2230:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2157:
2152:
2150:
2145:
2143:
2138:
2137:
2134:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:JosiÄ ViÅ”njiÄ
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1853:Ivan V. LaliÄ
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1818:KonstatinoviÄ
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:Dobrica ÄosiÄ
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1245:Kantakouzenos
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:Jelena BalÅ”iÄ
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1003:
1001:
996:
995:
992:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
933:
927:
923:
916:
909:
904:
897:
892:
877:
875:9781850657675
871:
867:
866:
858:
850:
846:
840:
825:
823:9781844674299
819:
815:
814:
806:
797:
789:
788:www.rastko.rs
785:
779:
760:
759:
751:
742:
734:
733:
726:
717:
715:
707:
702:
700:
698:
696:
688:
683:
676:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
657:
649:
645:
639:
635:
634:
626:
619:
615:
609:
605:
604:
596:
589:
585:
579:
575:
574:
566:
559:
555:
548:
540:
538:9789637326608
534:
530:
529:
521:
517:
507:
504:
502:
499:
498:
492:
490:
486:
482:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
457:
454:
450:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
430:Michael Sells
427:
424:
420:
416:
412:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
385:
382:
378:
377:SrÄa PavloviÄ
368:
359:
350:
347:
334:
331:
330:
329:
327:
323:
314:
311:
308:
307:
306:
303:
300:
295:
292:
287:
282:
280:
276:
270:
268:
262:
260:
256:
252:
246:
244:
240:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
193:NjegoÅ” wrote
191:
189:
185:
184:Prince-Bishop
177:
173:
172:
163:
160:
158:
152:
149:
146:
144:
140:
136:
130:
126:
122:
116:
112:
108:
104:
99:
96:
92:
89:
86:
82:
78:
74:
71:
67:
60:
56:
53:
50:
46:
39:
34:
19:
2541:(Montenegro)
2534:Young Bosnia
2522:
2516:
2492:
2484:
2448:
2438:
2437:
2433:Guslar poems
2415:Vuk KaradžiÄ
2405:Mavro Orbini
2398:
2391:
2379:
2370:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2309:Prince Marko
2229:MiloÅ” ObiliÄ
2220:Kosovo curse
2208:Kosovo Field
2204:(main event)
1972:Contemporary
1693:NastasijeviÄ
1648:PetkoviÄ Dis
1606:20th century
1405:19th century
1296:Arsenije III
921:
915:
903:
891:
879:. Retrieved
864:
857:
848:
839:
827:. Retrieved
812:
805:
796:
787:
778:
766:. Retrieved
757:
750:
741:
731:
725:
682:
647:
632:
625:
617:
602:
595:
587:
572:
565:
557:
553:
547:
527:
520:
480:
475:
469:
458:
452:
446:
441:
428:
423:Islamophobic
418:
413:
404:
386:
380:
374:
365:
356:
343:
320:Employing a
319:
304:
298:
296:
291:Islamization
285:
283:
271:
263:
250:
247:
236:
194:
192:
170:
169:
168:
69:
61:
2529:Yugoslavism
2475:UroÅ” PrediÄ
2333:Sources and
2163:Kosovo Myth
2080:SrbljanoviÄ
1668:JakovljeviÄ
1628:Milan RakiÄ
1572:VeselinoviÄ
1125:Romanticism
485:pan-Slavism
438:Bosnian War
344:During the
209:written in
2627:Epic poems
2587:1847 plays
2582:1847 poems
2576:Categories
2561:AndriÄgrad
2512:Gazimestan
2442:(1847) by
2381:BugarŔtica
2346:Danilo III
2335:literature
2269:Jug Bogdan
2225:Tsar Lazar
2210:(location)
2195:and topics
2193:Characters
2075:StevanoviÄ
2045:OgnjenoviÄ
1893:TrifunoviÄ
1868:Bora ÄosiÄ
1713:MaksimoviÄ
1653:PanduroviÄ
1467:IgnjatoviÄ
1311:KozaÄinski
1281:de Boliris
1185:Domentijan
1180:Saint Sava
1040:Shtokavian
881:3 November
829:3 November
768:3 November
512:References
375:Historian
362:Literature
340:Background
316:sacrifice.
162:1358747519
135:Montenegro
76:Translator
2116:NIN Award
2040:MatijeviÄ
2000:DraÅ”koviÄ
1948:VitezoviÄ
1898:MiljkoviÄ
1848:BulatoviÄ
1823:RaiÄkoviÄ
1813:AleÄkoviÄ
1793:MedakoviÄ
1738:SelimoviÄ
1688:Crnjanski
1658:UskokoviÄ
1597:StankoviÄ
1587:DomanoviÄ
1542:LazareviÄ
1532:TrifkoviÄ
1507:MiliÄeviÄ
1497:NovakoviÄ
1492:NenadoviÄ
1477:RadiÄeviÄ
1427:VidakoviÄ
1422:NenadoviÄ
1412:DoÅ”enoviÄ
1391:StojkoviÄ
1361:Zannowich
1346:ObradoviÄ
1321:ŽefaroviÄ
1301:BrankoviÄ
1205:Danilo II
974:(Serbian)
968:(English)
962:(English)
956:(Serbian)
922:The Serbs
449:Tim Judah
186:and poet
94:Publisher
2547:(Serbia)
2494:Vidovdan
2355:Jefimija
2214:Vidovdan
2100:ŽivkoviÄ
2085:Å ajtinac
2060:RÅ”umoviÄ
2050:PavloviÄ
2010:Gatalica
1990:BeÄkoviÄ
1958:Albahari
1878:CrnÄeviÄ
1788:IsakoviÄ
1748:DanojliÄ
1723:Vasiljev
1557:VojnoviÄ
1547:Matavulj
1522:KomarÄiÄ
1512:Miljanov
1432:KaradžiÄ
1381:JankoviÄ
1341:PiÅ”ÄeviÄ
1291:ZmajeviÄ
1220:Jefimija
849:PeÅ”Äanik
495:See also
487:and the
353:Massacre
275:Romantic
259:Venetian
109:, today
84:Language
2424:Art and
2246:Bajazet
2241:Murad I
2090:VelikiÄ
2070:SimoviÄ
2055:PiŔtalo
2035:Lengold
1928:MiliÅ”iÄ
1888:SeleniÄ
1858:Äirilov
1803:RadoviÄ
1728:Desnica
1718:Drainac
1698:KaŔanin
1673:Vinaver
1643:SkerliÄ
1633:SekuliÄ
1592:ÄoroviÄ
1567:D. IliÄ
1562:V. IliÄ
1482:J. IliÄ
1472:LjubiŔa
1462:SubotiÄ
1417:MuŔicki
1396:SolariÄ
1376:MiletiÄ
1336:Julinac
1331:Orfelin
1145:Adligat
1130:Realism
1084:Srbulja
223:Serbian
199:Cetinje
176:Serbian
133:(today
111:Austria
88:Serbian
2497:(1989)
2489:(1989)
2216:(date)
1985:Basara
1798:OlujiÄ
1733:DaviÄo
1683:AndriÄ
1582:Äipiko
1577:Å antiÄ
1552:Sremac
1537:GliÅ”iÄ
1527:KostiÄ
1502:JakÅ”iÄ
1371:VezliÄ
928:
872:
820:
640:
610:
580:
535:
233:Themes
203:Vienna
103:Vienna
48:Author
2505:Other
2095:Zubac
2065:SaviÄ
1995:David
1980:Bajac
1943:TadiÄ
1913:Kapor
1863:AntiÄ
1843:PekiÄ
1833:PaviÄ
1808:TiŔma
1768:ÄopiÄ
1763:LaliÄ
1758:ÄuriÄ
1753:Äilas
1743:Vitez
1703:MiciÄ
1678:BojiÄ
1663:VasiÄ
1638:KoÄiÄ
1623:DuÄiÄ
1613:NuÅ”iÄ
1386:VujiÄ
1366:ZeliÄ
1326:RajiÄ
1240:Segon
401:Drina
213:as a
211:verse
2227:and
2020:IliÄ
2005:Äogo
1933:Nogo
1908:EriÄ
1778:Popa
926:ISBN
883:2019
870:ISBN
831:2019
818:ISBN
770:2019
638:ISBN
608:ISBN
578:ISBN
533:ISBN
225:and
215:play
207:epic
156:OCLC
143:ISBN
123:1847
2453:by
2403:by
2373:by
2364:by
2353:by
2344:by
1903:KiÅ”
2578::
847:.
786:.
713:^
694:^
655:^
646:.
616:.
586:.
467:.
395:,
269:.
229:.
190:.
178::
105:,
2525:)
2521:(
2155:e
2148:t
2141:v
1013:e
1006:t
999:v
934:.
885:.
833:.
790:.
772:.
735:.
541:.
174:(
137:)
113:)
101:(
70:)
66:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
