839:, which included the adoption of a stronger wing, simpler fixed radiator in place of the earlier retractable design, an arrangement of four belt-fed MAC guns (which were heated by hot air to prevent the frequent jamming of the wing guns at low temperatures suffered by the M.S.406) in place of the earlier pair of drum-fed weapons, and the fitting of exhaust ejectors for additional thrust. The added thrust boosted the top speed to 509 km/h (316 mph; 275 kn) at 4,000 m (13,000 ft), resulting in an improvement of about 40 km/h (25 mph; 22 kn) over the M.S.406 at the same height. Production of the M.S.410 had only just started in May 1940, when the German attack resulted in the conversion programme being stopped, by which point only five examples of the type had been completed. Production was allowed to continue under German supervision, converting earlier 406s to the 410 standard, but many of these aircraft received only the new wings. Altogether, a total of 74 planes were modified.
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663:, escorted by as many Bf 109s. Before the Morane could close in to open fire, the Messerschmitts jumped them and shot down four Moranes almost at once. Two more were too badly damaged to be repaired. On their side, the French pilots claimed two Bf 109s. The M.S.406 holds the unfortunate distinction of being the least effective French fighter in service during the Battle of France, which Botquin suggests was due to its relatively low firepower. On 24 June 1940, a M.S.406 flown by Sous Lieutenant Marchelidon of G.C.1/2 scored the French Air Force's last kill in the conflict. Botquin stated of the aircraft: "it would be pointless to pretend, as was often done during the war for
1018:
892:
623:. For 32 claimed 'kills' and 16 'probables' achieved by M.S.406s, including against the Bf 109, 13 were lost in combat along with 33 more that were lost within the border zone under vague circumstances. According to Botquin, by this stage, the weaknesses of the M.S.406 were already apparent, such as the lack of armouring, frequent gun-jamming, inadequate firepower, slow responsiveness of the guns, unreliable radio units, very high rate of engine wear, corrosion of rudder components, cabin glazing breaking under air pressure during certain manoeuvres, loss of exterior panels due to screws deteriorating rapidly, and the lack of rear-view mirrors.
994:
986:
464:
815:
1586:
1313:
1213:
933:
1338:
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1537:
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deliveries of engines than by the lack of airframes; while efforts were made to correct this, according to
Botquin, the engine shortage was present throughout the manufacturing programme. By April 1939, the production lines were delivering six aircraft per day and when war broke out on 3 September 1939, the rate production had risen to 11 aircraft per day; at this time, 535 M.S.406s had entered squadron service. According to aviation author Gaston Botquin, the rate of production of the type was comparable to the initial model of the British
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1189:
635:
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further 250–300 fighters were recorded as having been lost through other causes. The rapid advance of German forces led to repeated retreats and abandonment of bases, rendering most repair and replacement efforts disorganized, along with ground crews often having to destroy large numbers of their own fighter aircraft on the ground to prevent their capture. The decision to employ small groups of French fighters against larger German formations was mostly ineffective against bombers and often costly.
303:
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M.S.406 was over 8 km/h (5 mph; 4 kn) faster than the M.S. 405, at 489 km/h (304 mph; 264 kn), tested with no problem to reach up to 730 km/h (454 mph; 394 kn) in a dive. Armament consisted of a 20 mm (0.787 in) Hispano-Suiza HS.9 or
Hispano-Suiza HS.404 cannon with 60 rounds in the V of the engine and fired through the propeller hub, and two 7.5 mm (0.295 in) MAC 1934 machine guns (one in each wing, each with 300 rounds).
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fighters. The story of GC III/7 was tragically typical. On 15 May, nine
Moranes of this fighter unit encountered a dozen Bf 109s over Mézières. The Messerschmitts stayed a few thousand feet above their French opponents and dived in pairs to attack, with a single firing pass, before climbing back and then repeating the attack. Three M.S.406 went spinning down in flames and only one pilot bailed out, severely wounded. A fourth Morane, riddled with bullets, crash-landed at
627:
to the improved M.S.410 standard) with a more capable fighter failed to occur prior to the end of the Phoney War on 10 May 1940, the month in which a massive full-scale invasion by German forces of mainland France commenced, resulting in the Battle of France. On the eve of the invasion, a total of 10 Groupes de Chasse were equipped with M.S.406 fighters, along with a number of defensive units which were almost exclusively equipped with either the M.S.406 or
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409:, underneath the fuselage. Powered by the production 641.3 kW (860 hp) HS 12Y-31 engine, the new design was over 8 km/h (5 mph) faster than the earlier M.S.405 model. Designed to reach speeds of 489 km/h (304 mph), examples were tested without encountering any difficulty in reaching up to 730 km/h (454 mph) in a dive. Armament consisted of a 20 mm (0.787 in)
1010:
produced in 1942 and a single aircraft delivered in 1943. The engine problems were eventually resolved in 1944. With 790.4 kW (1,060 hp) from the
Hispano-Suiza 12Y-51, the speed was boosted to 534 km/h (332 mph), roughly equivalent to the D.520 or the Hurricane. Weights were between 2,124–2,725 kg (4,683–6,008 lb). After being retired from operational use as a fighter when the
798:) skin fixed to duralumin tubing. Plymax consisted of a thin sheet of duralumin bonded to a thicker sheet of plywood. It was the company's first low-wing monoplane design, as well as the first with an enclosed cockpit, and the first to feature retractable landing gear. The new 641.3 kW (860 hp) Hispano-Suiza 12Ygrs engine driving a two-pitch Chauvière propeller powered the first prototype,
1005:. The Dornier-Altenrhein factory completed a prototype powered with a licensed-produced HS-51 12Y engine, generating 790.4 kW (1,060 hp) together with the fixed radiator and revised exhausts as tested on the MS.411, in October 1940. The new type retained the armament changes and other improvements introduced on the D.3800. This series was put into production in 1941 as the
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171:. The entry to service of the M.S.406 to the French Air Force in early 1939 represented the first modern fighter aircraft to be adopted by the service. Although a sturdy and highly manoeuvrable fighter aircraft, it was considered underpowered and weakly armed when compared to its contemporaries and the M.S.406 was outperformed by the
600:, all French Air Force units were mobilised as part of preparations to be ready for imminent combat operations. Various M.S.406-equipped units were deployed along the border with Germany stretching between Luxembourg and Switzerland, intended to support the sizable ground elements of the French Army from the air. During the
382:. On 29 July 1938, the second prototype was lost along with its pilot. During March 1937, having been suitably impressed with its performance, an initial order was placed for the construction of 16 pre-production prototypes, which were to incorporate the design improvements that had been made upon the previous version.
326:, the prototype demonstrated the type's favourable flying characteristics from the onset. Early test flights were flown with a fixed undercarriage, which was replaced by a retractable counterpart later on. After 80 hours of test flights, in January 1936, the prototype was delivered with all military equipment fitted to
471:
During the late 1930s, there was a growing perception that a major conflict between
Germany and France was not only looming but increasingly unavoidable. As part of its rearmament, the French Air Force placed an order for 1,000 M.S406 airframes during March 1938. Morane-Saulnier was unable to produce
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France sent 30 M.S.406s to
Finland, between 4 and 29 February 1940. By 1943 the Finns had received an additional 46 M.S.406s and 11 M.S.410s purchased from the Germans. By this point, the fighters were hopelessly outdated, but the Finns were so desperate for serviceable aircraft that they decided to
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During 1944, surviving aircraft were modified with new cooling and hydraulic installations, and were fitted with ejector exhausts. These modifications were the same standard as the D-3801 series, making them identical with the exception of the engine installation. At the end of the war the remaining
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designation was adopted following various design changes from the earlier M.S.405 prototypes; two of the principal design changes were the inclusion of a new weight-saving wing structure and the new retractable radiator. Powered by the production 641.3 kW (860 hp) HS 12Y-31 engine, the new
626:
While the aircraft was very manoeuvrable and could withstand high amounts of battle damage, potentially giving possible advantages during combat against
Luftwaffe fighters, the M.S.406 was overall outclassed by the Bf 109. Efforts to replace the M.S.406 (by, for example, converting existing aircraft
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conducted operational testing of the type using a handful of pre-production M.S.406 aircraft. In spite of some accidents experienced, pilots were commonly pleased with the type's performance; in response to the accidents, improvements such as the strengthening of the undercarriage and the cabin hood
199:). By the end of the war, the majority of M.S.406s and its derivatives were out of service, having been rendered obsolete by rapid advances in fighter aircraft technology. Its final use was as an advanced trainer aircraft in Finland, prior to the last examples of the type being scrapped during 1952.
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as reconnaissance and ground attack aircraft. Not all the Mörkö-Morane conversions were completed before March 1945, when the entire re-engining programme was halted. After the end of the war, the total was brought to 41, which served as advanced trainers with TLeLv 14 until
September 1948. In 1952
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with continued deliveries until 1945 with 207 completed. Another 17 were built from spares between 1947 and 1948. Reliability of the new engine was at first extremely poor, with problems with crankshaft bearings causing several accidents. The engine problems slowed deliveries, with only 16 aircraft
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guns. The first of these aircraft was completed in
November 1939. The pre-production models were then followed with an order for a further 74 examples, which were all delivered by 29 August 1940. In 1942, a further two were assembled with spares originally set aside for the original production run.
194:
The M.S.406 was exported to a range of customers. Out of 160 aeroplanes ordered by Poland, none had reached Polish territory before the outbreak of war, with the first consignment sent on 29 August 1939. Of particular note was its service in the hands of
Finnish and Swiss air forces; both operators
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The first example of the modified fighter, MS-631, made its first flight on 25 January 1943, and the results were startling: the aircraft was 64 km/h (40 mph; 35 kn) faster than the original French version, and the service ceiling was increased from 10,000 m (33,000 ft) to
450:
Following the completion of a pair of prototypes, during February 1940, the French government issued an order authorising the bulk upgrading of 500 M.S.406 fighters to the better armed, stronger and faster (509 km/h (316 mph) M.S.410 configuration. It took 15 days to convert each fighter
972:
AG driving a new Escher-Wyss EW-V3 fully adjustable propeller. Instruments were replaced with Swiss versions and the drum-fed MAC machine guns with locally designed and built belt-fed guns, eliminating the wing-bulges of the French version, and avoiding the freezing problems encountered by French
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engine, and modified dorsal fuselage (with an all-round visibility canopy). The D.3803 was armed with three HS-404 20 mm (0.787 in) cannon (one in the nose, two in the wings), plus up to 200 kg (441 lb) bombs and rockets. Despite not having a powerful engine, the type reached
654:
In combat against enemy fighters, the M.S.406 often experienced mixed results. While there were isolated incidents of favourable results being achieved with the type even against the capable Bf 109 - which was 100 km/h faster than the Morane - the 406 was usually outclassed by the Luftwaffe
650:
During the relentless fighting that followed, Allied forces suffered a high rate of attrition and were unable to keep up with the level of damage being sustained. Of the M.S.406s that saw action against the Germans, heavy losses were incurred; reportedly, 150 aircraft were lost in action while a
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was adopted for the type. On 3 February 1938, the first pre-production aircraft made its first flight; during December 1938, the final pre-production M.S.406 was delivered. The pre-production aircraft served to build up experience of manufacturing and testing of the type in advance of production
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engines (a licensed version of the HS 12Y) of 820.3 kW (1,100 hp) with a fully adjustable VISh-61P propeller to power the Moranes. The airframe required some local strengthening and also gained a new and more aerodynamic engine cowling. These changes boosted the speed to 525 km/h
678:
unit, GC. 1/7, was equipped with the M.S.406. According to Botquin, the deployment of the type from this point onwards reflected the fighter's relative obsolescence; it was reduced to relatively minor roles, being used mainly for training purposes in mainland France. A handful of Syrian M.S.406
186:
from September 1939 to 10 May 1940. Upon the invasion of France in May 1940, approximately 400 Moranes were lost. Out of these, around 150 were lost to enemy fighters and ground fire, while another 100 aircraft were destroyed on the ground during enemy air raids; the remainder were deliberately
484:
During late 1938, production of the M.S.406 commenced; the first production example performed its maiden flight on 29 January 1939. Production was initially quite slow; only 18 aircraft were produced at Puteaux, along with 10 fighters built by SNCAO. Deliveries were hampered more by the slow
496:. Manufacturing of the M.S.406 was wound down during March 1940, by which point the original order for 1,000 fighters had been delivered in full to the French Air Force, along with a further 77 aircraft which had been constructed for foreign users (30 fighters for Finland and 45 for
1042:
680 km/h (423 mph; 367 kn) at 7,000 m (22,966 ft). The performance was impressive, but the last development of this 1935 fighter design had several shortcomings and was not entirely successful. Its development was halted as P-51D Mustangs became available.
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years but in the inter-war period, they had concentrated on civil designs. The aircraft was a departure for them, being their first low-wing monoplane, first with an enclosed cockpit and first with retracting landing gear. Prior to this, their most modern designs were fixed-gear
2768:
Botquin, Gaston (December 1978). "L'épopée du Morane Saulnier 406, partie 10: trop tard, le constructeur essaye de donner un second souffle à son 406" [The Epic of the Morane Saulnier 406, Part 10: Too Late, the Manufacturer Trying to Breathe More Life into the 406].
421:
machine guns (one in each wing, each with 300 rounds). A weakness of the MAC 1934 was its operation at high altitudes. It was found that at altitudes over 6,000 m (20,000 ft), the guns had a tendency to freeze. Heaters were added to the guns for high-altitude use.
612:-aligned fighters coming over the border, in addition to escorting friendly reconnaissance aircraft. Throughout the Phoney War, a total of 10,119 fighter missions were reportedly flown over the Army Zones on the border, around half of which being flown by M.S.406 fighters.
187:
destroyed by French military personnel to prevent the fighters from falling into German hands. French M.S.406 squadrons had achieved 191 confirmed victories, along with another 83 probable victories. Limited production of the type continued in France for sometime after the
757:. Between November 1939 and 4 September 1944, Lv28 scored 118 aerial victories flying the Morane M.S.406 (the unit flew Bf 109Gs for a time, as well). The unit lost 15 aircraft. Total Finnish kills in Moranes were 121. The top Morane ace in all theatres was W/O
377:
engine did not make its first flight until 20 January 1937, almost a year and a half behind the first prototype. The second prototype was able to attain a speed of 443 km/h (275 mph) during testing. During July 1937, both prototypes were flown to the
1033:
932.1 kW (1,250 hp) engine. The prototype flew in the autumn of 1944, revealing several shortcomings, but it was capable of 630 km/h (391 mph; 340 kn). 12 were produced seeing limited use with Fliegerstaffel 17 and some other units.
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for both the Belgian and French air forces, but these ultimately came to nothing. Instead, the first major export customer was Switzerland who, in September 1938, acquired a manufacturing licence for the type to be manufactured by Swiss firm
511:
According to Botquin, the M.S.406 had attracted considerable foreign attention during the late 1930s, and had shown signs of commercial promise early on. During 1937, negotiations were underway between France and Belgium to undertake the
806:, powered by a 671.1 kW (900 hp) Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs engine, performed its first flight on 20 January 1937. Outfitted with the new engine, the fighter was able to attain a speed of 443 km/h (275 mph; 239 kn).
476:
in order to produce the type. In April 1937, an initial order for 50 SNCAO-built M.S.406 fighters was placed; in August 1937, a follow-up order for 80 aircraft was issued. In April 1938, as a component of the French Air Force's
1516:
430:
Beyond the base M.S.406 design, the development of improved variants and derivatives were emphasised even as mass production of the type was still being established. Perhaps the most significant of these was the
435:, which was developed on the basis of very early combat experience gathered during autumn 1939. This model had four MAC 1934 machine guns with 550 rounds per gun, all of which were heated by warm air fed via a
1204:
ordered 12 aircraft in 1938 and they were shipped to Haiphong, but diverted to Escadrille EC 2, which fought against the Japanese and Thai in December 1940 One or two aircraft may have reached the Chinese Air
566:
Production M.S.406s quickly followed the earlier examples. Between December 1938 and January 1939, the 6th Escadre exchanged its obsolete Loire 46 fighters for the type, while other units rapidly followed. By
2750:
Botquin, Gaston (June 1978). "L'épopée du Morane Saulnier 406, partie 4: un bon chasseur pour la "Drôle de Guerre"" [The Epic of the Morane Saulnier 406, Part 4: A Good Fighter for the Phony War].
2732:
Botquin, Gaston (May 1978). "L'épopée du Morane Saulnier 406, partie 3: objectif industriel: 1000 avions..." [The Epic of the Morane Saulnier 406, Part 3: Industrial Objective: 1000 Aircraft...].
261:; work on the design was headed by the firm's Engineer-in-Chief, Paul-René Gauthier. The shape and basic configuration of the M.S.405 were hotly contested, particularly between 'traditional' advocates of
1501:
1134:(an ace with six victories) scored three kills with the Mörkö-Morane, one with each Mörkö-Morane in the squadron. More fighters arrived from the factory, though, and the Mörkö-Moranes took part in the
2970:
Mihaily, Edouard & Leyvastre, Pierre (May 1976). "Morane Saulnier M.S. 435, il a failli être le T-6 français en 1940..." [Morane Saulnier M.S. 435: It was almost the French T-6 in 1940].
156:
and one of only two French designs to exceed 1,000 in number. At the beginning of the war, it was one of only two French-built aircraft capable of 400 km/h (250 mph) – the other being the
249:
The company's design team quickly projected that a low-wing monoplane design would be capable of delivering the desired level of performance; other features were to include an enclosed cockpit, a
953:
In 1938, Switzerland obtained a license for local production of the MS.406. Two MS.406H fighters were supplied to Switzerland in September 1938 and April 1939 to serve as pattern aircraft as the
563:
were implemented during mid-1939. In spite of complaints regarding the forward fuselage exterior covering and motor attachments, no corrective actions were implemented to address these concerns.
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and was wrecked. A fifth pilot, Sergent Deshons, was wounded in the head by splinters, forcing him to land. Six days later, on 21 May, 17 Morane of the same unit intercepted 50 Dorniers over
1416:
492:
Production had reached a high-point of 147 M.S.406 aircraft during August 1939, before declining as manufacturing efforts were progressively re-directed towards other aircraft, such as the
1451:
242:
aircraft. Amongst the various aviation companies who took interest in the specification, to which the potential for a large production order was attached, was French aircraft manufacturer
167:, of mixed materials. This had the distinction of being the company's first low-wing monoplane, as well as the first to feature an enclosed cockpit, and the first design with a retracting
522:
4219:
4132:
1436:
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Originally, it was planned to convert all the 41 remaining M.S.406s and M.S.410s with the Soviet engine, but it took time, and the first front-line aircraft of this type did not reach
1511:
1426:
347:
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opening phase of the Second World War, a time of relatively low combat intensity, the type's activities focused upon air defence operations with the aim of countering the prolific
1431:
2715:
Botquin, Gaston (April 1978). "L'épopée du Morane Saulnier 406, partie 2: Autopsie d'un chasseur" [The Epic of the Morane Saulnier 406, Part 2: Anatomy of a Fighter].
1446:
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a two-seat trainer built by inserting a "plug" in the central fuselage with an extra cockpit for the trainee pilot, and using the much less powerful 390 hp (291 kW)
1487:
2001:
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571:
of that year, sufficient production M.S.406 aircraft had been delivered to enable the type to perform the Paris fly-past on 14 July 1939. Overall, the M.S.406 equipped 16
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D-3801 and D-3800 export models. Variants of the aircraft, including some which later entered mass production, were first represented amongst the pre-production aircraft.
1464:
1130:
until July/August 1944. By the end of the Continuation War in September 1944, only three examples had been converted (including the original prototype). Lieutenant
718:
purchased additional M.S.406s (as well as a few 406/410 hybrids) from the Germans, while others were passed off to Italy and some 48 aircraft were delivered to the
4230:
4168:
4117:
3937:
3787:
879:, giving dramatic improvements in performance, especially at altitude. However the engine did not enter production before France fell, and the similarly modified
722:
during 1943. Both Switzerland and Turkey also operated the type; the Swiss actually downed a number of both German and Allied aircraft during the 1944–45 period.
3642:
3637:
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3627:
3622:
3617:
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737:, during 1940–41. A number of M.S.406s stationed in Indochina downed several Thai fighters before all French Air Force units were withdrawn from the theatre.
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against invading German forces. Only five complete production M.S.410 aircraft, along with 150 pairs of the revised wings, had been completed by this point.
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3587:
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purposes, that the M.S.406 was the finest fighter in the world...but it was certainly a pleasant machine to fly with no vices and great maneuverability".
323:
3517:
3321:
3316:
3281:
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753:, against the USSR and carried out 259 operational sorties and shot down 16 Soviet aircraft. In modified form, the M.S.406 were later involved in the
2006:
835:
While the M.S.406 was entering squadron service in 1939, an upgrade series was initiated with the aim of improving the design. The result was the
4356:
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1403:
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cannon in the engine mounting. However, supplies of the MG 151 were limited, and several received captured 12.7 mm (0.500 in)
671:
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anywhere near this number at their own factory, thus a second assembly line was established at the nationalized factories of SNCAO at
4361:
362:
794:
was a low-wing monoplane of mixed construction, being furnished with a fabric-covered wooden tail and a bonded metal/wood material (
405:
The two main changes of the M.S. 406 were the inclusion of a new wing structure which saved weight and the fitting of a retractable
390:
M.S.406s. These 15 aircraft were used for various purposes, such as the third and tenth which served as examples for subcontractors
214:
4346:
1026:
851:
was constructed by converting the 12th aircraft of the pre-production line with the 406 wing and the 745.7 kW (1,000 hp)
749:, commanded by Major Jusu. These aircraft received the Finnish designations MS-301 to MS-330. They were used in combat during the
334:
to participate in service trials. On 19 June 1937, the first prototype generated substantial publicity when Détroyat flew it from
163:
In response to a requirement for a fighter issued by the French Air Force in 1934, Morane-Saulnier built a prototype, designated
4336:
4264:
3155:
268:
The MS.405 was a low-wing monoplane of mixed construction, with fabric-covered wooden tail, with a bonded metal–wood material (
250:
17:
1171:
4351:
2676:
Bordenave, Robert & Persyn, Lionel (May 2001). "Le Morane 406 vu du sol" [The Morane 406 Seen From the Ground].
687:, continuing to be operated there until they became unserviceable. Those that remained in Vichy France's control saw action
331:
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2819:(Historie de l'Aviation series, No. 5 (In French). Boulogne-sur-Mer, France: Lela Presse, 1998 (new edition 2002).
2011:
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cannon with 60 rounds in the V of the engine, fired through the propeller hub and two 7.5 mm (0.295 in)
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The M.S.406 had a parallel career in Finland. In February 1940, the first 30 French fighters were allocated to
2956:, Les Ailes de Gloire (in French), vol. 7r (2nd revised ed.), Le Muy, France: les Éditions d'Along,
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891:
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As a consequence of various changes made between the prototypes and the pre-production aircraft, the name
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received 45 Moranes. At least 30 of them were originally intended for shipment to Poland and had Polish
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but conversions were stopped in May 1940 to put every available combat aircraft into action during the
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Australian troops with Morane-Saulnier MS.406C1 fighters of Groupe de Chasse I/7, Syria, in July 1941.
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481:, a large order for 825 M.S.406 was placed with the various nationalised French aircraft industries.
406:
188:
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operated a number of the type for training purposes, while others were sold off to third parties.
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Development of the M.S.405 proceeded fairly slowly; testing revealed the need to modify the wing
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1111:, the use of four belt-fed guns like the M.S.410, and the excellent 20 mm (0.787 in)
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placed on the port engine exhausts. The cockpit had a modified windscreen to accommodate a new
358:
67:
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controls of the armaments and provisions for the carriage of under-wing auxiliary fuel tanks.
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Aerospace/Orbis publishing Ltd, Italian version printed by De Agostini, Novara, 1984, p. 124.
1906:
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The Swiss continued development of the MS.412 when French involvement stopped following the
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engine of 969.4 kW (1,300 hp). One was fitted to a modified M.S.410 to create the
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During the Phoney War, isolated skirmishes occurred between the M.S.406 and fighters of the
4214:
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Deutsche Luftwaffe über der Schweiz 1939–1945 (German Luftwaffe over Switzerland 1939–1945)
1947:
1680:
1374:
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1037:
The last development of this aircraft was the D.3803, with 1,118.5 kW (1,500 hp)
1014:
was acquired in 1948, the type remained in service as a trainer and target tug until 1959.
958:
860:
852:
692:
643:
620:
414:
374:
311:
223:
172:
8:
3442:
3296:
1160:
1102:"). It is sometimes referred to as the "LaGG-Morane". The Germans also supplied captured
513:
642:(Aisne) where a French pilot Lieutenant André Monty was shot down in June 1940 by three
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3512:
3437:
3432:
3386:
3381:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3326:
597:
526:
410:
254:
4199:
4163:
3527:
3522:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3447:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3306:
3301:
3291:
3286:
3276:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3191:
3127:
3106:
3086:
3068:
3053:
3038:
3023:
3008:
2992:
2987:
Mombeek, Eric (May 2001). "Les trésors de Cazaux" [The Treasures of Cazaux].
2975:
2957:
2941:
2926:
2911:
2896:
2865:
2850:
2828:
2820:
2805:
2790:
2774:
2756:
2738:
2720:
2697:
2681:
2665:
2638:
2573:
1571:
1351:
1251:
1147:
1059:
872:
102:
94:
1701:
640 kW (860 hp) rated power at 2,400 rpm at 3,150 m (10,330 ft)
1610:
1107:(326 mph; 283 kn). Other changes included a new oil cooler taken from the
920:
4285:
2486:
1979:
1397:
1343:
1276:
1091:
1063:
754:
730:
486:
452:
282:. Morane-Saulnier had a long history of producing warplanes dating back to the pre-
278:
tubing. Plymax consisted of a thin sheet of duralumin bonded to a thicker sheet of
219:
176:
145:
90:
60:
761:, with 15 of his 44.5 total kills achieved in Moranes. The Finnish nicknames were
710:
Germany took possession of a large number of M.S.406s and the later M.S.410s. The
3171:
1974:
1549:
880:
758:
734:
680:
440:
283:
243:
235:
231:
149:
98:
72:
2662:
Morane MS 406C1, Caudron Cyclone CR 714C1, Bloch MB 151/152 (Polskie Skrzydła 2)
3081:
2877:
2875:
Gunti, Peter. "Neutral Warriors: The Morane Saulnier MS.406 in Swiss Service".
1984:
1075:
start a modification program to bring all of their examples to a new standard.
634:
436:
379:
2849:. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 1960 (tenth impression 1972).
322:
prototype, which flew on 8 August 1935. First flown by French aerobatic pilot
302:
4320:
3090:
2996:
2979:
2778:
2760:
2742:
2724:
2685:
2068:
1753:
1131:
1103:
1079:
940:
910:
704:
696:
517:
1733:
3-bladed variable-pitch propeller, 3 m (9 ft 10 in) diameter
1455:
1030:
919:
a more powerful two-seat trainer version with the 550 hp (410 kW)
195:
chose to develop indigenous derivatives of the M.S.406, such as the Finnish
3140:
1318:
1296:
1166:
675:
628:
568:
288:
227:
168:
153:
2888:, Forty-seven, September to November 1992, pp. 22–27. ISSN 0143-5450.
1799:
440 km/h (270 mph; 240 kn) at 8,000 m (26,000 ft)
1796:
476 km/h (296 mph; 257 kn) at 6,000 m (20,000 ft)
1793:
490 km/h (300 mph; 260 kn) at 4,500 m (14,800 ft)
1790:
483 km/h (300 mph; 261 kn) at 4,000 m (13,000 ft)
1741:
1155:
660:
596:
On 23 August 1939, in response to the diplomatic crisis emerging over the
315:
4295:
1779:
452 km/h (281 mph, 244 kn) at 2,000 m (6,600 ft)
1575:
1542:
1400:
ordered 160 aircraft, but none were delivered, due to the fall of Poland.
1282:
1135:
977:
aircraft were used as trainers, until the last one was scrapped in 1954.
957:, retaining the earlier wing design of the 405, but powered by the newer
726:
609:
546:
Morane-Saulnier MS.406 N° 847, white 05 of Groupe de Chasse I/6, May 1940
473:
399:
398:(SNCAM), and the twelfth and thirteenth functioned as prototypes for the
230:, the prospective fighter aircraft was to serve as a replacement for the
1482:
1116:
750:
700:
664:
601:
444:
183:
1459:
257:. It was decided to submit their own response to the requirement, the
41:
4272:
2908:
Morane-Saulnier M.S. 406/Caudron C.714, Suomen Ilmavoimien Historia 4
2672:. About the use of the MS.406 by Polish Pilots of the Armée de l'Air.
1520:
1367:
1326:
1112:
589:
501:
291:
275:
157:
3005:
In the Skies of Europe: Air Forces Allied to the Luftwaffe 1939–1945
2711:. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1967. No ISBN.
2637:(in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press. pp. 48, 50, 53, 55, 64.
1762:
WiSz 61P 3 m (9 ft 10 in) diameter (MSv Mörkö Morane)
1601:
ordered 25 aircraft, but the fall of France precluded their delivery
1406:
operated at least 91 aircraft in several training and combat units:
222:
issued the "C1 design" requirement for a new and modern single-seat
4305:
4300:
2138:
1954:
1491:
1095:
656:
639:
418:
354:
339:
239:
152:
starting in 1938. It was France's most numerous fighter during the
899:
The M.S.406 airframe was also used in a number of other projects.
883:(the D.523) was considered a better design for the engine anyway.
2923:
Aircraft of World War II: Development – Weaponry – Specifications
2787:
French Aircraft from 1939 to 1942, Vol.2: from Dewoitine to Potez
1243:
1127:
1099:
1067:
715:
343:
279:
262:
1695:
620 kW (830 hp) for take-off at 2,520 rpm at sea level
542:
1747:
1698:
570 kW (760 hp) rated power at 2,400 rpm at sea level
1564:
1473:
1390:
1291:
1268:
969:
580:
505:
497:
270:
863:
engine, but this was not completed by the time the war ended.
2840:
Additif & correctif à l'ouvrage Le Morane-Saulnier MS 406
766:
559:
395:
391:
335:
182:
The type was capable of holding its own during the so-called
3022:. Carrollton, TX: Squadron/Signal Publications, Inc., 2002.
2002:
List of aircraft of the French Air Force during World War II
579:, stationed in both mainland France and across its overseas
392:
Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques de l'ouest
3037:(in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann, 1978.
1750:
1607 3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) diameter (MS 406 C1)
895:
Morane Saulnier MS.430 photo from L'Aerophile December 1936
1177:
818:
Morane-Saulnier MS.406 C-1 in Swiss markings, approx. 1939
2842:(in French). Boulogne-sur-Mer, France: Lela Presse, 2002.
1082:
turned the obsolete "M-S" into a first rate fighter, the
965:
964:
Pre-production started with a run of eight aircraft from
871:
In 1939, Hispano started prototype deliveries of the new
396:
Société nationale des constructions aéronautiques du Midi
2847:
War Planes of the Second World War, Volume One: Fighters
2454:
2452:
1497:
Centre d'Instruction d'Aviation de Chasse at Montpellier
1062:
Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 departing for patrol during the
1021:
The re-engine D.3802 in 1946, 12 of which were produced.
777:(hanging belly) because of its bulged ventral fuselage.
3079:
Young, Edward M. (1984). "France's Forgotten Air War".
1756:
270 3.1 m (10 ft 2 in) diameter (D 3801)
4215:
Rallye, Rallye Club, Super Rallye and Rallye Commodore
3007:. Ramsbury, Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press, 2000.
2379:
2377:
1888:
9,000 m (30,000 ft) in 21 minutes 37 seconds
1885:
8,000 m (26,000 ft) in 14 minutes 52 seconds
1850:
2 hours 20 minutes 30 seconds (average combat mission)
1838:
1,100 km (680 mi, 590 nmi) at 66% power
500:). Additional M.S.406 orders that had been placed for
3050:
Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Aircraft of the Aces 23)
2449:
1879:
4,500 m (14,800 ft) in 6 minutes 16 seconds
1876:
4,000 m (13,000 ft) in 5 minutes 16 seconds
1813:
160 km/h (99 mph, 86 kn) without flaps
802:, which flew on 8 August 1935. The second prototype,
226:
fighter. Envisaged as a monoplane with a retractable
2881:. Forty-three, 1991. pp. 10–17. ISSN 0143-5450.
2322:
2320:
2318:
1882:
6,000 m (20,000 ft) in 9 minutes 3 seconds
1873:
2,000 m (6,600 ft) in 2 minutes 32 seconds
944:
Morane D-3801 J-143 (Association Morane Charlie-Fox)
2789:. Paris, France: Histoire & Collections, 2005.
2386:
2374:
2338:
1969:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
467:
Aircraft cockpit instruments (Swiss D.3800 variant)
2910:(in Finnish). Helsinki, Finland: Tietoteos, 1975.
2804:. Windsor, UK: Hylton Lacy Publishers Ltd., 1971.
2520:
2518:
2516:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2292:
2242:
1824:135 km/h (84 mph; 73 kn) with flaps
3126:] (in French). Outreau, France: Lela Presse.
2592:
2590:
2588:
2315:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2125:"POLSKI PLAN w 1939 ROKU - 1300 NOWYCH SAMOLOTÓW"
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2007:List of World War II military aircraft of Germany
4318:
2969:
2951:
2906:Keskinen, Kalevi, Kari Stenman and Klaus Niska.
2891:Keskinen, Kalevi, Kari Stenman and Klaus Niska.
2664:(in Polish), Sandomierz, Poland: Stratus, 2004.
2251:
855:engine. A later modification was started as the
3065:The Hamlyn Guide to Military Aircraft Markings.
2895:(in Finnish). Espoo, Finland: Tietoteos, 1978.
2675:
2626:
2513:
2356:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2111:"Samolotypolskie.pl - Morane-Saulnier MS-406C1"
703:, suffering heavy losses against the service's
3117:
2585:
2572:, London, UK: Amber Books, Ltd., p. 128,
2532:
2530:
2301:
2278:
2260:
2216:
2077:
1605:
4258:
3156:
2925:. Enderby, Leicester, UK, Amber Books, 2003.
2696:(in Polish). Gdańsk, Poland: AJ-Press, 1996.
2504:
2329:
2023:
1139:all remaining Finnish Moranes were scrapped.
720:Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia
516:of the type by Belgian aircraft manufacturer
508:were cancelled with the outbreak of the war.
373:prototype with a 671.1 kW (900 hp)
3170:
3124:Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects
2989:Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire
2952:Marchand, Patrick; Takamori, Junko (2005) ,
2678:Avions: Toute l'Aéronautique et son histoire
2404:
2144:
1377:ordered 13 Moranes, but none were delivered.
679:aircraft flew to Egypt, joining up with the
265:aircraft and 'modern' monoplane supporters.
2539:
2527:
2413:
2209:
2207:
1517:Depot d'Instruction de l'Aviation Polonaise
4265:
4251:
3163:
3149:
2938:Fighter! The Story of Air Combat 1936-1945
2567:
2470:
2422:
2197:
2195:
2165:
2163:
1502:Ecole de Pilotage No 1 (Chasse) at Etampes
608:and probing activities of small groups of
2556:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft.
2193:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2175:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
202:
3120:Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets
3118:Lacaze, Henri; Lherbert, Claude (2013).
2785:Breffort, Dominique and André Jouineau.
2524:Green and Swanborough 1994, pp. 419–420.
2204:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
1715:0.008 kg/kWh (0.013 lb/(hp⋅h))
1709:0.265 kg/kWh (0.436 lb/(hp⋅h))
1609:
1176:
1165:
1154:
1146:
1054:
1016:
992:
984:
939:
931:
890:
813:
769:" or "Negro"), a twist on its name, and
633:
541:
462:
301:
218:(Aeronautical Technical Service) of the
3107:"L'avions Morans-Saulnier "405 et 430""
3104:
3052:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1998.
2986:
2860:Green, William and Gordon Swanborough.
2767:
2749:
2731:
2714:
2632:
2160:
1921:Landing run from 8 m (26 ft):
1844:720 km (450 mi, 390 nmi)
1227:Zrakoplovstvo Nezavisne Države Hrvatske
1181:D-3801 J-276 at Fliegermuseum Dübendorf
859:with the 783.0 kW (1,050 hp)
14:
4319:
2940:. London, Artur Barker Limited. 1979.
2893:Hävittäjä-ässät (Finnish Fighter Aces)
2570:Military Aircraft: Visual Encyclopedia
2172:
1915:Take-off run to 8 m (26 ft):
532:
425:
4357:Retractable conventional landing gear
4246:
3144:
3078:
2032:
1902:154 kg/m (32 lb/sq ft)
936:D-3801, a Swiss development of MS-406
740:
443:arrangement, as well the adoption of
46:Morane-Saulnier D-3801 (GC LaFayette)
4367:World War II aircraft of Switzerland
4332:World War II French fighter aircraft
4180:Épervier, Épervier II and Super 1500
2694:M.S.406 (Monografie Lotnicze No. 28)
1649:10.61 m (34 ft 10 in)
1159:Morane-Saulnier D-3801 J-276 at the
691:against encroaching RAF forces, and
646:and buried among his MS.406 remains.
537:
310:The new 641.3 kW (860 hp)
3105:Frachet, André (19 November 1936).
3048:Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen.
2510:Green and Swanborough 1994, p. 419.
2157:Green and Swanborough 1994, p. 417.
1643:8.17 m (26 ft 10 in)
1404:Polish Air Force in exile in France
1045:
842:
619:, particularly early models of the
365:-built propeller was replaced by a
215:Service Technique de l'Aéronautique
24:
4274:Flug- und Fahrzeugwerke Altenrhein
3098:
1997:List of interwar military aircraft
1655:3.25 m (10 ft 8 in)
1255:received 76 M.S.406 and 11 M.S.410
25:
4378:
1911:2.95 kg/kW (4.85 lb/hp)
1683:V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine
1417:Section no.1 Łaszkiewicz GC III/2
1029:, emerging as the MS.540, with a
927:
886:
4362:World War II aircraft of Finland
3067:London: Chancellor Press, 1992.
2884:Gunti, Peter. "Alpine Avenger".
2802:French Fighters of World War Two
2012:List of aircraft of World War II
1953:2 × 7.5 mm (0.295 in)
1584:
1557:
1535:
1452:DAT section Krasnodębski GC I/55
1427:Section no.3 Sulerzycki GC III/6
1383:
1360:
1336:
1311:
1290:
1261:
1236:
1211:
1187:
1123:12,000 m (39,000 ft).
348:Brussels Aeronautical Exhibition
40:
4347:Single-engined tractor aircraft
3085:. No. 25. pp. 22–33.
3020:French Fighters of World War II
2654:
2617:
2608:
2599:
2561:
2548:
2479:
2461:
2440:
2431:
2395:
2347:
1946:1 × 20 mm (0.787 in)
1661:16 m (170 sq ft)
1050:
961:engines as used by the MS.406.
369:-built counterpart. The second
2131:
2117:
2103:
1437:Section no.5 Brzeziński GC I/2
1432:Section no.4 Bursztyn GC III/1
980:
297:
148:developed and manufactured by
13:
1:
4337:1930s French fighter aircraft
2864:. New York, Smithmark, 1994.
2862:The Complete Book of Fighters
2017:
1856:9,400 m (30,800 ft)
1673:2,540 kg (5,600 lb)
1667:1,895 kg (4,178 lb)
1512:Centre d'Instruction at Tours
1202:Nationalist Chinese Air Force
1172:Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace
968:with engines built by Adolph
729:proper, Vichy authorities in
458:
4352:Aircraft first flown in 1935
2419:Botquin December 1978, p. 21
2410:Botquin December 1978, p. 20
1447:Jasionowski Koolhoven Flight
1442:Section no.6 Goettel GC II/7
1411:Groupe de Chasse de Varsovie
1219:Independent State of Croatia
1170:The D-3801 preserved at the
1142:
1025:The D.3802 was based on the
318:propeller powered the first
7:
2554:"Morane-Saulnier M.S.406."
1963:
1606:Specifications (M.S.406 C1)
1330:operated captured aircraft.
1012:North American P-51 Mustang
780:
733:were engaged in a frontier
314:engine driving a two-pitch
10:
4383:
2773:(in French) (109): 20–23.
2755:(in French) (103): 19–25.
2737:(in French) (102): 25–27.
2719:(in French) (101): 22–29.
1923:340 m (1,120 ft)
1707:Specific fuel consumption:
1507:Ecole de Pilotage at Avord
1422:Section no.2 Pentz GC II/6
866:
830:
809:
785:
523:Fabrique fédérale d'avions
207:
191:under German supervision.
4281:
4146:
3395:
3179:
2991:(in French) (98): 44–47.
2974:(in French) (78): 24–28.
2817:Le Morane-Saulnier MS 406
2680:(in French) (98): 24–29.
2401:Keskinen 1978, pp. 16–19.
2298:Botquin 1967, pp. 6, 8–9.
2248:Botquin 1967, pp. 10, 12.
1713:Specific oil consumption:
1614:Morane-Saulnier MS 406 C1
1465:DAT section Skiba GC I/55
948:
550:During May 1938, the 2nd
346:, to be displayed at the
189:Armistice of 22 June 1940
130:
122:
117:
109:
86:
78:
66:
56:
51:
39:
34:
4342:Morane-Saulnier aircraft
2633:Botquin, Gaston (1996).
2605:Keskinen (1975), p. 108.
2568:Winchester, Jim (2022),
1917:270 m (890 ft)
1599:Royal Yugoslav Air Force
1488:DAT section Krasnodębski
847:A single example of the
670:In the aftermath of the
251:variable-pitch propeller
2709:The Morane Saulnier 406
2614:Keskinen (1975), p. 109
2437:Les Ailes November 1936
2326:Botquin 1967, pp. 9–10.
1628:General characteristics
1622:The Morane Saulnier 406
989:Swiss D.3801 circa 1941
587:saw action against the
494:Lioré et Olivier LeO 45
142:Morane-Saulnier M.S.406
134:8 August 1935 (M.S.405)
27:French fighter aircraft
2954:Morane-Saulnier MS 406
2838:Comas, Mathieu et al.
2815:Comas, Mathieu et al.
2596:Neulen (2000), p. 208.
2476:Gunti 1991, pp. 12–13.
2458:Pelletier 2002, p. 16.
2392:Neulen (2000), p. 217.
2383:Neulen (2000), p. 201.
2344:Neulen (2000), p. 179.
2257:Botquin 1967, pp. 7–8.
2213:Botquin 1967, pp. 4–5.
2169:Botquin 1967, pp. 3–4.
1615:
1304:Vichy French Air Force
1182:
1174:
1163:
1152:
1078:The aircraft designer
1071:
1022:
998:
990:
945:
937:
896:
819:
647:
583:; of these, 12 of the
547:
468:
307:
203:Design and development
18:Morane-Saulnier MS.406
4205:Paris and Super Paris
4169:Comté de Nice or Nice
3003:Neulen, Hans Werner.
2972:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2771:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2753:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2735:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2717:Le Fana de l'Aviation
2660:Belcarz, Bartłomiej.
2623:Brindley 1971, p. 46.
2467:Brindley 1971, p. 49.
2446:Brindley 1971, p. 48.
1613:
1592:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
1230:received 48 aircraft.
1180:
1169:
1158:
1150:
1058:
1020:
996:
988:
943:
935:
894:
817:
685:Free French Air Force
637:
606:aerial reconnaissance
545:
466:
305:
2371:Botquin 1967, p. 12.
2335:Jackson 1979, p. 43.
2289:Jackson 2003, p. 21.
2100:Botquin 1967, p. 10.
2074:Wheeler 1992, p. 41.
1948:Hispano-Suiza HS.404
1681:Hispano-Suiza 12Y-31
1375:Lithuanian Air Force
959:Hispano-Suiza 12Y-31
861:Hispano-Suiza 12Y-51
853:Hispano-Suiza 12Y-45
735:war against Thailand
621:Messerschmitt Bf 109
375:Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs
312:Hispano-Suiza 12Ygrs
173:Messerschmitt Bf 109
4147:Names and nicknames
3180:Designation letters
2800:Brindley, John. F.
2312:Botquin 1967, p. 9.
2275:Botquin 1967, p. 8.
2239:Botquin 1967, p. 7.
2201:Botquin 1967, p. 4.
2127:. 5 September 2013.
2065:Botquin 1967, p. 3.
2029:Botquin 1967, p. 6.
1479:DAT section Opulski
1161:Flieger-Flab-Museum
1003:June 1940 Armistice
533:Operational history
514:licensed production
426:Further development
52:General information
3396:Numerical sequence
3352:AN/ANB/ANR/ANL/ANS
3063:Wheeler, Barry C.
3018:Pelletier, Alain.
2545:Gunti 1991, p. 17.
2536:Gunti 1991, p. 16.
2491:www.ww2incolor.com
1616:
1526:Montpellier Flight
1492:Toulouse-Francazal
1470:DAT section Kuzian
1183:
1175:
1164:
1153:
1072:
1023:
999:
991:
946:
938:
897:
820:
741:In Finnish service
648:
598:Invasion of Poland
548:
469:
411:Hispano-Suiza HS.9
308:
4327:Low-wing aircraft
4314:
4313:
4240:
4239:
2936:Jackson, Robert.
2921:Jackson, Robert.
2707:Botquin, Gaston.
2692:Botquin, Gaston.
2428:Green 1960, p. 57
1860:Time to altitude:
1572:Turkish Air Force
1352:Regia Aeronautica
873:Hispano-Suiza 12Z
573:Groupes de Chasse
538:In French service
212:During 1934, the
138:
137:
123:Introduction date
103:Turkish Air Force
95:Finnish Air Force
16:(Redirected from
4374:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4244:
4243:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3114:
3094:
3000:
2983:
2966:
2845:Green, William.
2782:
2764:
2746:
2728:
2689:
2649:
2648:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2606:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2583:
2582:
2565:
2559:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2525:
2522:
2511:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2483:
2477:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2447:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2429:
2426:
2420:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2381:
2372:
2369:
2354:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2313:
2310:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2276:
2273:
2258:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2214:
2211:
2202:
2199:
2170:
2167:
2158:
2155:
2142:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2107:
2101:
2098:
2075:
2072:
2066:
2063:
2030:
2027:
1980:Hawker Hurricane
1931:
1854:Service ceiling:
1772:
1744:351M (MS 406 C1)
1630:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1398:Polish Air Force
1389:
1387:
1386:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1344:Kingdom of Italy
1342:
1340:
1339:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1295:
1294:
1277:French Air Force
1267:
1265:
1264:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1119:S guns instead.
1070:, 17 March 1942.
1064:Continuation War
1046:Finnish variants
843:M.S.411, M.S.412
773:(roe-belly) and
755:Continuation War
731:French Indochina
727:Pacific campaign
674:, only a single
556:Groupe de Chasse
487:Hawker Hurricane
453:Battle of France
445:electropneumatic
274:) skin fixed to
220:French Air Force
177:Battle of France
154:Second World War
146:fighter aircraft
91:French Air Force
44:
32:
31:
21:
4382:
4381:
4377:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4372:
4371:
4317:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4277:
4271:
4241:
4236:
4142:
3391:
3175:
3172:Morane-Saulnier
3169:
3134:
3101:
3099:Further reading
2964:
2827:. (2nd edition
2657:
2652:
2645:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2600:
2595:
2586:
2580:
2566:
2562:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2528:
2523:
2514:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2457:
2450:
2445:
2441:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2375:
2370:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2325:
2316:
2311:
2302:
2297:
2293:
2288:
2279:
2274:
2261:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2243:
2238:
2217:
2212:
2205:
2200:
2173:
2168:
2161:
2156:
2145:
2136:
2132:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2099:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2033:
2028:
2024:
2020:
1975:Dewoitine D.520
1966:
1939:
1932:
1927:
1862:
1768:
1734:
1684:
1626:
1608:
1585:
1583:
1558:
1556:
1550:Swiss Air Force
1536:
1534:
1384:
1382:
1361:
1359:
1337:
1335:
1312:
1310:
1289:
1262:
1260:
1237:
1235:
1212:
1210:
1188:
1186:
1145:
1053:
1048:
983:
951:
930:
889:
881:Dewoitine D.520
869:
845:
833:
812:
788:
783:
759:Urho Lehtovaara
743:
681:Royal Air Force
540:
535:
461:
441:reflector sight
428:
324:Michel Détroyat
306:MS.405 in 1938.
300:
284:First World War
244:Morane-Saulnier
236:Dewoitine D.500
232:Dewoitine D.371
210:
205:
150:Morane-Saulnier
105:
101:
99:Swiss Air Force
97:
73:Morane-Saulnier
47:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4380:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4282:
4279:
4278:
4276:(FFA) aircraft
4270:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4247:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4234:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3399:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3183:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3168:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3145:
3139:
3138:
3133:978-2914017701
3132:
3115:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3082:Air Enthusiast
3076:
3061:
3046:
3031:
3016:
3001:
2984:
2967:
2962:
2949:
2934:
2919:
2904:
2889:
2886:Air Enthusiast
2882:
2878:Air Enthusiast
2873:
2858:
2843:
2836:
2813:
2798:
2783:
2765:
2747:
2729:
2712:
2705:
2690:
2673:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2650:
2643:
2625:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2584:
2579:978-1782744870
2578:
2560:
2547:
2538:
2526:
2512:
2503:
2487:"Swiss Morane"
2478:
2469:
2460:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2373:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2328:
2314:
2300:
2291:
2277:
2259:
2250:
2241:
2215:
2203:
2171:
2159:
2143:
2130:
2116:
2102:
2076:
2067:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1988:
1987:
1985:Heinkel He 112
1982:
1977:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1951:
1941:
1940:
1925:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1903:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1864:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1781:
1780:
1777:Maximum speed:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1710:
1699:
1696:
1686:
1685:
1674:
1668:
1662:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1595:
1594:
1580:
1579:
1568:
1567:
1553:
1552:
1546:
1545:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1462:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1401:
1394:
1393:
1379:
1378:
1371:
1370:
1356:
1355:
1347:
1346:
1332:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1307:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1272:
1271:
1257:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1232:
1231:
1222:
1221:
1207:
1206:
1198:
1197:
1144:
1141:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
997:D.3801 in 1942
982:
979:
950:
947:
929:
928:Swiss variants
926:
925:
924:
921:Gnome-Rhône 9K
917:
914:
904:
888:
887:Other variants
885:
868:
865:
844:
841:
832:
829:
811:
808:
787:
784:
782:
779:
742:
739:
683:(RAF) and the
539:
536:
534:
531:
460:
457:
437:heat exchanger
427:
424:
380:Paris Air Show
299:
296:
209:
206:
204:
201:
136:
135:
132:
128:
127:
124:
120:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
93:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
70:
64:
63:
58:
54:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4379:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4275:
4268:
4263:
4261:
4256:
4254:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3178:
3173:
3166:
3161:
3159:
3154:
3152:
3147:
3146:
3143:
3135:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3102:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3083:
3077:
3074:
3073:1-85152-582-3
3070:
3066:
3062:
3059:
3058:1-85532-783-X
3055:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:3-87341-022-2
3040:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3028:0-89747-440-6
3025:
3021:
3017:
3014:
3013:1-86126-799-1
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2965:
2963:2-914403-23-2
2959:
2955:
2950:
2947:
2946:0-213-16717-4
2943:
2939:
2935:
2932:
2931:1-85605-751-8
2928:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2916:951-9035-19-2
2913:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:951-9035-37-0
2898:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2871:
2870:0-8317-3939-8
2867:
2863:
2859:
2856:
2855:0-356-01445-2
2852:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:2-914017-18-9
2830:
2826:
2825:2-9509485-4-5
2822:
2818:
2814:
2811:
2810:0-85064-015-6
2807:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2795:2-915239-49-5
2792:
2788:
2784:
2780:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:83-86208-46-5
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2674:
2671:
2670:83-89450-21-6
2667:
2663:
2659:
2658:
2646:
2644:83-86208-46-5
2640:
2636:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2581:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2551:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2507:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2455:
2453:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2380:
2378:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2295:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2194:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2166:
2164:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2140:
2137:Finnish for "
2134:
2126:
2120:
2112:
2106:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2071:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2026:
2022:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1991:Related lists
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1956:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1901:
1900:Wing loading:
1898:
1897:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1842:Combat range:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1833:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1808:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1775:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1754:Hispano-Suiza
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1671:Gross weight:
1669:
1666:
1665:Empty weight:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1612:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1533:
1532:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1209:
1208:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1157:
1149:
1140:
1137:
1133:
1132:Lars Hattinen
1129:
1124:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1104:Klimov M-105P
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1080:Aarne Lakomaa
1076:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1004:
995:
987:
978:
974:
971:
967:
962:
960:
956:
942:
934:
922:
918:
915:
912:
911:radial engine
909:
905:
902:
901:
900:
893:
884:
882:
878:
874:
864:
862:
858:
854:
850:
840:
838:
828:
825:
816:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
738:
736:
732:
728:
723:
721:
717:
713:
708:
706:
705:Fairey Fulmar
702:
698:
697:Fleet Air Arm
694:
693:on Madagascar
690:
686:
682:
677:
673:
668:
666:
662:
658:
652:
645:
641:
636:
632:
630:
624:
622:
618:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
592:
591:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
564:
561:
557:
553:
544:
530:
528:
524:
519:
518:Avions Fairey
515:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
488:
482:
480:
475:
465:
456:
454:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
423:
420:
416:
412:
408:
403:
401:
397:
393:
388:
383:
381:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
304:
295:
293:
290:
285:
281:
277:
273:
272:
266:
264:
260:
256:
252:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:undercarriage
225:
221:
217:
216:
200:
198:
192:
190:
185:
180:
178:
175:E during the
174:
170:
169:undercarriage
166:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
133:
129:
125:
121:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
87:Primary users
85:
81:
77:
74:
71:
69:
65:
62:
59:
55:
50:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
4290:
4286:AS 202 Bravo
4184:
4062:
4057:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3932:
3927:
3123:
3119:
3110:
3080:
3064:
3049:
3034:
3033:Ries, Karl.
3019:
3004:
2988:
2971:
2953:
2937:
2922:
2907:
2892:
2885:
2876:
2861:
2846:
2839:
2816:
2801:
2786:
2770:
2752:
2734:
2716:
2708:
2693:
2677:
2661:
2655:Bibliography
2634:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2569:
2563:
2555:
2550:
2541:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2490:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2442:
2433:
2424:
2415:
2406:
2397:
2388:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2294:
2253:
2244:
2133:
2119:
2105:
2070:
2025:
1990:
1989:
1968:
1967:
1957:machine guns
1936:
1928:
1926:
1920:
1914:
1905:
1899:
1859:
1853:
1847:
1841:
1835:
1811:Stall speed:
1810:
1776:
1769:
1767:
1730:
1712:
1706:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1646:
1640:
1634:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1409:
1350:
1325:
1319:Nazi Germany
1297:Vichy France
1275:
1250:
1225:
1125:
1121:
1087:
1084:Mörkö-Morane
1083:
1077:
1073:
1066:at Viitana,
1051:Mörkö-Morane
1036:
1024:
1006:
1000:
975:
963:
954:
952:
898:
876:
870:
856:
848:
846:
836:
834:
823:
821:
803:
799:
795:
791:
789:
774:
770:
762:
746:
744:
724:
711:
709:
695:against the
669:
653:
649:
638:Monument in
629:Bloch MB.152
625:
616:
614:
595:
588:
584:
576:
572:
569:Bastille Day
565:
555:
551:
549:
510:
491:
483:
478:
470:
449:
432:
429:
404:
394:(SNCAO) and
386:
384:
370:
361:, while the
352:
332:Villacoublay
319:
309:
269:
267:
258:
253:and landing
248:
213:
211:
197:Mörkö-Morane
196:
193:
181:
164:
162:
144:is a French
141:
139:
131:First flight
110:Number built
68:Manufacturer
29:
2353:Ries 1978,
1770:Performance
1731:Propellers:
1677:Powerplant:
1576:stencilling
1543:Switzerland
1283:French Navy
1136:Lapland War
1039:Saurer YS-3
1031:Saurer YS-2
981:D.3801/3803
908:Salmson 9AG
775:Riippuvatsa
725:Before the
577:Escadrilles
554:of the 7th
474:St. Nazaire
298:Into flight
224:interceptor
4321:Categories
4231:Versailles
4200:Monococque
3113:(805): 10.
2018:References
1907:Power/mass
1848:Endurance:
1659:Wing area:
1483:Romorantin
1456:Châteaudun
1252:Ilmavoimat
1117:Berezin UB
804:M.S.405-02
800:M.S.405-01
751:Winter War
707:fighters.
701:Royal Navy
665:propaganda
631:aircraft.
602:Phoney War
575:and three
552:Escadrille
459:Production
292:monoplanes
184:Phoney War
4233:(project)
4222:(project)
4220:Statodyne
4171:(project)
3111:Les Ailes
3091:0143-5450
2997:1243-8650
2980:0757-4169
2779:0757-4169
2761:0757-4169
2743:0757-4169
2725:0757-4169
2686:1243-8650
1742:Chauvière
1647:Wingspan:
1619:Data from
1521:Lyon-Bron
1490:based at
1481:based at
1472:based at
1454:based at
1368:Lithuania
1327:Luftwaffe
1143:Operators
1113:MG 151/20
712:Luftwaffe
672:armistice
661:Compiègne
617:Luftwaffe
590:Luftwaffe
502:Lithuania
371:M.S.405-2
367:Levasseur
363:Chauvière
316:Chauvière
276:duralumin
158:Potez 630
3174:aircraft
2635:M.S. 406
2139:Bogeyman
1964:See also
1955:MAC 1934
1929:Armament
1096:Bogeyman
781:Variants
771:Mätimaha
763:Murjaani
689:in Syria
657:Soissons
640:Longpont
581:colonies
419:MAC 1934
407:radiator
359:dihedral
355:planform
340:Brussels
320:M.S405-1
240:Loire 46
4296:Diamant
4226:Vanneau
4195:Lévrier
4190:Fleuret
4185:Fantôme
4175:Criquet
4138:MS.1500
4133:MS.1001
3758:MoS.149
3753:MoS.148
3748:MoS.147
3743:MoS.141
3738:MoS.140
3733:MoS.139
3728:MoS.138
3723:MoS.137
3718:MoS.136
3713:MoS.134
3708:MoS.133
3703:MoS.132
3698:MoS.131
3693:MoS.130
3688:MoS.129
3683:MoS.121
3678:MoS.120
1653:Height:
1641:Length:
1460:Étampes
1244:Finland
1128:LeLv 28
1100:Bugbear
1092:Finnish
1090:is the
1068:Karelia
1060:Finnish
923:engine.
916:M.S.435
903:M.S.430
877:M.S.450
867:M.S.450
857:M.S.412
849:M.S.411
837:M.S.410
831:M.S.410
824:M.S.406
810:M.S.406
792:M.S.405
786:M.S.405
747:LeLv 28
716:Finland
699:of the
644:Bf 109s
585:Groupes
433:M.S.410
387:M.S.406
344:Belgium
289:parasol
280:plywood
263:biplane
259:M.S.405
208:Origins
118:History
82:Retired
61:Fighter
35:M.S.406
4291:D-3800
4210:Pétrel
4164:Bullet
4154:Alcyon
4128:MS.880
4123:MS.860
4118:MS.785
4113:MS.760
4108:MS.755
4103:MS.733
4098:MS.732
4093:MS.731
4088:MS.730
4083:MS.704
4078:MS.703
4073:MS.701
4068:MS.700
4063:MS.631
4058:MS.630
4053:MS.603
4048:MS.570
4043:MS.560
4038:MS.506
4033:MS.505
4028:MS.504
4023:MS.502
4018:MS.501
4013:MS.500
4008:MS.479
4003:MS.477
3998:MS.476
3993:MS.475
3988:MS.470
3983:MS.474
3978:MS.472
3973:MS.470
3968:MS.450
3963:MS.435
3958:MS.433
3953:MS.430
3948:MS.411
3943:MS.410
3938:MS.408
3933:MS.406
3928:MS.405
3923:MS.350
3918:MS.345
3913:MS.343
3908:MS.342
3903:MS.341
3898:MS.340
3893:MS.325
3888:MS.317
3883:MS.316
3878:MS.315
3873:MS.302
3868:MS.301
3863:MS.300
3858:MS.278
3853:MS.275
3848:MS.260
3843:MS.251
3838:MS.250
3833:MS.230
3828:MS.229
3823:MS.227
3818:MS.226
3813:MS.225
3808:MS.224
3803:MS.223
3798:MS.222
3793:MS.221
3788:MS.200
3783:MS.185
3778:MS.181
3773:MS.180
3768:MS.160
3763:MS.152
3673:MoS.60
3668:MoS.56
3663:MoS.53
3658:MoS.52
3653:MoS.51
3648:MoS.50
3643:MoS.49
3638:MoS.48
3633:MoS.47
3628:MoS.46
3623:MoS.45
3618:MoS.44
3613:MoS.43
3608:MoS.42
3603:MoS.41
3598:MoS.40
3593:MoS.39
3588:MoS.38
3583:MoS.37
3578:MoS.36
3573:MoS.35
3568:MoS.34
3563:MoS.33
3558:MoS.32
3553:MoS.31
3548:MoS.30
3543:MoS.29
3538:MoS.28
3533:MoS.27
3528:MoS.26
3523:MoS.25
3518:MoS.24
3513:MoS.23
3508:MoS.22
3503:MoS.21
3498:MoS.20
3493:MoS.19
3488:MoS.18
3483:MoS.17
3478:MoS.16
3473:MoS.15
3468:MoS.14
3463:MoS.13
3458:MoS.12
3453:MoS.11
3448:MoS.10
3130:
3089:
3071:
3056:
3041:
3026:
3011:
2995:
2978:
2960:
2944:
2929:
2914:
2899:
2868:
2853:
2831:
2823:
2808:
2793:
2777:
2759:
2741:
2723:
2700:
2684:
2668:
2641:
2576:
1950:cannon
1836:Range:
1760:Śmiglo
1748:Ratier
1589:
1565:Turkey
1562:
1540:
1474:Nantes
1391:Poland
1388:
1365:
1341:
1316:
1269:France
1266:
1241:
1216:
1192:
1109:Bf 109
1098:" or "
1027:MS.450
1007:D-3801
970:Saurer
955:D-3800
949:D-3800
796:Plymax
506:Poland
498:Turkey
479:Plan V
271:Plymax
238:, and
165:MS.405
79:Status
4159:Borel
3443:MoS.9
3438:MoS.8
3433:MoS.7
3428:MoS.6
3423:MoS.5
3418:MoS.4
3413:MoS.3
3408:MoS.2
3403:MoS.1
3122:[
2496:5 May
1937:Guns:
1635:Crew:
1205:Force
1195:China
1094:for "
1088:Mörkö
676:Vichy
560:Reims
527:Emmen
400:Swiss
336:Paris
255:flaps
113:1,176
4306:P-16
4301:N-20
3128:ISBN
3087:ISSN
3069:ISBN
3054:ISBN
3039:ISBN
3024:ISBN
3009:ISBN
2993:ISSN
2976:ISSN
2958:ISBN
2942:ISBN
2927:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2897:ISBN
2866:ISBN
2851:ISBN
2829:ISBN
2821:ISBN
2806:ISBN
2791:ISBN
2775:ISSN
2757:ISSN
2739:ISSN
2721:ISSN
2698:ISBN
2682:ISSN
2666:ISBN
2639:ISBN
2574:ISBN
2498:2013
1679:1 ×
1458:and
822:The
790:The
767:moor
610:Axis
504:and
357:and
328:CEMA
140:The
126:1938
57:Type
3342:AFH
3297:TRK
1519:at
966:EKW
558:at
525:in
415:404
413:or
342:in
338:to
330:at
4323::
3387:BH
3382:BB
3377:AV
3372:AU
3367:AT
3362:AS
3357:AR
3347:AI
3337:AF
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