25:
1022:
896:
1484:
until the 19th century. Rus' sources originally distinguished Volga
Bulgars from nomadic Tatars, but later the word "Tatar" became synonymous with "Turkic Muslim". To distinguish between themselves, they started to use names of the khanates: the population of
1359:
According to some historians, over 80% of the country's population was killed during the invasion. The remaining population mostly relocated to the northern forested areas (territories of modern
548:
385:
258:
1679:– The Princes of the Left Hand: An Introduction to the History of the ulus of Orda in the Thirteenth and Early Fourteenth Centuries, Archivum Eurasiae medii aevi, 5 (1987), 5 – 40.
2003:
541:
378:
1518:
251:
1667:
George V. Lantzeff – Russian
Eastward Expansion before the Mongol Invasion, American Slavic and East European Review, Vol. 6, No. 3/4 (Dec., 1947), pp. 1–10
1931:
534:
371:
1998:
2874:
1229:
some 1,800 km (1,100 mi) away from the event. After several sharp skirmishes with the
Bulgars, the tiring Mongols moved back down to the
244:
2337:
1553:
were considered vassals of Kazan. These were the peoples that traditionally had been under the economic and cultural influence of Volga
Bulgaria.
986:
1102:
1272:, and most other cities and castles of Volga Bulgaria; killing or enslaving virtually all inhabitants. Volga Bulgaria became a part of the
1237:
sent another Mongol army under the command of Kukday and
Bubedey to conquer the region. This force defeated Bulgar frontier guards at the
2992:
1280:. The territory was later divided into duchies; each of which eventually received or gained varying levels of autonomy as vassals of the
1071:
2481:
955:
824:
2249:
2241:
617:
591:
437:
315:
1728:
2489:
829:
515:
2545:
849:
1233:. Meanwhile, the Rus' continuously attacked the Bulgar state trying to attain supremacy over its wealthy region. In 1229,
2572:
2521:
2497:
2296:
2262:
1946:
844:
834:
677:
622:
1461:
were forcibly relocated to Volga
Bulgaria. Undoubtedly, some Bulgars were forcibly relocated to the territory of modern
2987:
2977:
2967:
2957:
2937:
2280:
2233:
1021:
979:
667:
586:
415:
310:
298:
2314:
2529:
2457:
1652:
1624:
1577:
1434:, a language commonly used in the territories to which they had relocated. This led to the development of the modern
1151:
repeatedly looted and attacked the area, thereby weakening the Bulgar state's economy and military power. The latter
1095:
818:
768:
457:
68:
46:
39:
2513:
2473:
814:
803:
793:
579:
503:
2537:
2465:
2371:
2207:
807:
799:
725:
490:
2588:
2433:
2345:
2270:
1941:
1390:
and other southern cities of the Golden Horde. Volga
Bulgaria remained a center of agriculture and handicraft.
783:
721:
672:
662:
634:
558:
432:
293:
895:
2942:
2918:
2644:
2615:
2505:
1988:
1961:
1956:
972:
875:
839:
2425:
2223:
1966:
1951:
1292:
The surviving agricultural population was forced to leave the steppe lands. The majority settled along the
1088:
1004:
788:
694:
2596:
2564:
2415:
2363:
2215:
1721:
750:
715:
639:
612:
607:
447:
2982:
2972:
2962:
2952:
1323:, were rebuilt, but they were primarily trading centers and the population was not, for the most part,
1402:. Under the influence of Bulgar culture, more and more nomadic Mongols and Kipchaks were converted to
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2407:
2390:
2324:
2304:
2288:
2050:
1587:
1186:
759:
745:
699:
689:
684:
485:
442:
347:
325:
1241:
and occupied the upper Ural valley. In 1232 the Mongol cavalry subjugated the southeastern part of
1066:
657:
33:
2947:
2355:
854:
731:
467:
420:
1993:
1714:
1378:
Over time, the cities of Volga
Bulgaria were rebuilt and became trade and craft centers of the
1056:
945:
50:
1155:
the
Mongols in the later 1223 or in 1224. Several clashes occurred between 1229–1234, and the
2736:
2680:
2013:
1699:
1513:
became more independent and even coined their own money. The duchies were sometimes ruled by
1214:
1152:
2636:
2628:
2108:
1265:
884:
478:
330:
286:
281:
1445:, the ethnic makeup of the population of Volga Bulgaria did not change, remaining largely
8:
2884:
1838:
1690:
1450:
340:
1760:
1309:
905:
303:
2706:
2038:
1978:
1351:
rebelled, led by the nobility. The
Mongols then returned and put down the rebellions.
2073:
1648:
1620:
1480:
to distinguish themselves from nomadic Muslim Kipchaks. They did not call themselves
1209:'s troops were seen as invincible at that time. However, in late 1223 (or 1224), the
1061:
950:
495:
1257:
236:
2620:
2580:
2033:
1676:
1592:
1526:
1486:
1462:
1435:
1407:
1148:
1046:
940:
629:
473:
425:
363:
335:
320:
174:
2714:
1567:
1427:
1415:
1367:). Some autonomous duchies appeared in those areas. The southern steppe areas of
462:
195:
1217:
with the Mongols. There is no historical mention except a short account by the
778:
526:
1983:
1538:
1510:
1458:
1423:
1411:
1368:
1344:
1340:
1202:
1174:
1120:
1031:
920:
708:
508:
452:
145:
105:
2727:
2701:
1419:
1234:
396:
2931:
2788:
2719:
2026:
1844:
1737:
1431:
1156:
915:
910:
140:
2783:
2688:
2128:
2045:
2021:
1936:
1870:
1793:
1773:
1572:
1522:
1387:
1379:
1320:
1293:
1281:
1277:
1269:
1238:
1222:
1206:
1168:
1041:
935:
268:
116:
Initial raids repulsed, subsequent invasions were a decisive Mongol victory
2133:
1525:. In 1440s, all lands with Volga Bulgar population were included into the
1418:, the literary language of the Golden Horde became what is now called the
2854:
2803:
2763:
2732:
1833:
1534:
1301:
1410:, adopted by all Muslim Volga Bulgars. As a result of a later mixing of
1406:. The language used by Muslims of the Golden Horde transformed into the
2899:
2808:
2158:
2143:
1880:
1273:
1132:
2768:
2758:
2123:
2103:
2098:
2057:
1364:
1360:
1249:
960:
650:
600:
168:
2894:
2113:
1973:
1855:
1582:
1550:
1542:
1498:
1454:
1372:
1242:
1182:
1144:
1140:
1076:
1013:
925:
1702:
Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
2864:
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2849:
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2138:
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1514:
1446:
1442:
1399:
1383:
1348:
1336:
1324:
1316:
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1210:
1194:
1190:
1136:
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1051:
199:
157:
1706:
2844:
2818:
2813:
2148:
2118:
2078:
1828:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1768:
1468:
Volga Bulgaria's Muslim community preferred to call themselves
1305:
1253:
1178:
1116:
182:
178:
2889:
2869:
2798:
2778:
2773:
2753:
2693:
1860:
1850:
1798:
1695:
1403:
1297:
1230:
1226:
1218:
1128:
2274:(1205 / 1207 / 1209–10 / 1225–27)
1139:
throughout most of its history. Before the Mongol conquest,
16:
1223–1236 invasions of the Bulgar state by the Mongol Empire
2839:
2793:
2153:
2083:
1497:); this name was also used by the steppe Tatars and by the
1198:
161:
1386:, primarily masters and craftsmen, were forcibly moved to
1375:, and agricultural development suffered a severe decline.
2879:
1441:
Some historians hypothesize that during the rule of the
1521:'s leadership became practically independent from the
2004:
List of battles of the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
1426:. Some of Bulgaria's non-Islamic population kept the
1296:
and in adjacent areas further north. The area around
266:
96:
1223 (first), 1229–1230 (second), and 1236 AD (third)
1517:
nobles. In 1420s the Kazan Duchy (Kazan Ulus) under
393:
1509:In the middle of the 14th century some duchies of
1465:, the population of which was previously nomadic.
1245:and occupied southern portions of Volga Bulgaria.
1999:Lists of battles of the Mongol invasion of Europe
556:
2929:
228:Light casualties, defeated in their first attack
2419:(1220–22 / 1226–31 / 1237–64)
1647:(2 ed.). Budapest: Zrínyi katonai Kiadó.
1541:lands, while the rulers of the territories of
1312:became new major political and trade centers.
1304:some years before, became the nucleus of the "
1722:
1096:
980:
542:
379:
252:
1902:
1453:. Alternatively, some hypothesize that some
1398:The population of Volga Bulgaria was mostly
1252:, Mongol forces numbering 25-35,000 invaded
1729:
1715:
1103:
1089:
987:
973:
549:
535:
386:
372:
259:
245:
1422:, and eventually evolved into the modern
1393:
126:Bulgar territories added to Mongol Empire
69:Learn how and when to remove this message
32:This article includes a list of general
1610:
1608:
1354:
1162:
2930:
2349:(1277 / 1283 / 1287)
2308:(1236 / 1240 / 1252)
1642:
1638:
1636:
1614:
1287:
2668:
2179:
1901:
1748:
1710:
1688:"Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria".
1533:dynasties. The khanate also included
1135:, was the center of the fur trade in
530:
367:
240:
2180:
1932:Administrative divisions and vassals
1617:Great Honours of the Hungarian State
1605:
18:
2199:
1633:
13:
2993:Conflicts involving Volga Bulgaria
38:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
3004:
1736:
1578:Mongol and Tatar states in Europe
1371:may have been settled by nomadic
84:Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria
1020:
894:
23:
1749:
1159:conquered the Bulgars in 1236.
166:Sunitay and Kukedey (1229–1230)
1670:
1661:
1619:. Budapest: Magyar Könyvklub.
1430:, which was influenced by the
1123:lasted from 1223 to 1236. The
1:
2919:Timeline of the Mongol Empire
2616:Division of the Mongol Empire
1330:
1504:
7:
1866:Manghit / Mangudai
1645:Military history of Hungary
1556:
10:
3009:
2669:
2645:Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war
1598:
1166:
813:Hungary and Croatia (
2988:1236 in the Mongol Empire
2978:1230 in the Mongol Empire
2968:1229 in the Mongol Empire
2958:1223 in the Mongol Empire
2938:Mongol invasion of Europe
2916:
2827:
2746:
2679:
2675:
2664:
2608:
2557:
2460:(1223 / 1236–40)
2406:
2383:
2366:(1257 / 1284–88)
2336:
2261:
2206:
2195:
2175:
2066:
2012:
1989:Byzantine–Mongol Alliance
1924:
1920:
1897:
1812:
1759:
1755:
1744:
1588:Mongol invasion of Europe
1258:besieged and sacked Bilär
1187:Battle of the Kalka River
1173:In 1223, after defeating
1127:state, centered in lower
798:Poland and Bohemia (
765:
758:
739:
707:
649:
599:
578:
573:
568:
406:
277:
222:
213:
208:
188:
151:
134:
88:
83:
1308:" population. Kazan and
1193:army under the generals
1067:Udmurt Autonomous Oblast
1942:Invasions and conquests
1861:Paiza / Gerege
1343:to conquer the land of
1300:, which was settled by
53:more precise citations.
2599:(1260 / 1301)
2327:(1274 / 1281)
1994:Franco-Mongol alliance
1643:Liptai, Ervin (1985).
1615:László, Markó (2000).
1489:called themselves the
1394:Ethnolinguistic impact
214:1223: Less than 20,000
152:Commanders and leaders
1700:Republic of Tatarstan
1529:, which was ruled by
1476:), but used the word
1315:Some cities, such as
1276:, later known as the
1256:in 1236. The Mongols
961:Republic of Tatarstan
223:Casualties and losses
2943:History of Tatarstan
2490:Serbia and Bulgaria
1355:Impact on the region
1163:The Mongol campaigns
559:Mongol invasions and
282:Rise of Genghis Khan
2737:Khagans of the Yuan
2466:Poland and Bohemia
2242:Khwarazmian Empire
1967:Society and economy
1691:Tatar Encyclopaedia
1288:Population transfer
1201:was sent to subdue
1014:History of Udmurtia
830:Bulgaria and Serbia
516:Bulgaria and Serbia
2482:Holy Roman Empire
1937:Banner/Bunchuk/Tug
1420:Old Tatar language
171:and Subutai (1236)
2983:Conflicts in 1236
2973:Conflicts in 1230
2963:Conflicts in 1229
2953:Conflicts in 1223
2925:
2924:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2637:Kaidu–Kublai war
2629:Berke–Hulagu war
2621:Toluid Civil War
2402:
2401:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2166:
1974:House of Borjigin
1893:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1677:Allsen, Thomas T.
1113:
1112:
1062:Kazan Governorate
997:
996:
951:Kazan Governorate
867:
866:
862:
861:
825:Holy Roman Empire
524:
523:
361:
360:
235:
234:
130:
129:
79:
78:
71:
3000:
2723:
2710:
2707:Töregene Khatun
2697:
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2245:
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2219:
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2203:
2197:
2196:
2177:
2176:
2139:Shangdu (Xanadu)
2129:Sarai Batu/Berke
2034:Chagatai Khanate
1922:
1921:
1899:
1898:
1757:
1756:
1746:
1745:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1612:
1593:Russo-Kazan Wars
1527:Khanate of Kazan
1487:Khanate of Kazan
1463:Astrakhan Oblast
1436:Chuvash language
1408:Kipchak language
1105:
1098:
1091:
1047:Khanate of Kazan
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998:
989:
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941:Khanate of Kazan
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845:Byzantine Thrace
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2235:
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2039:House of Ögedei
2008:
1979:House of Ögedei
1947:Destructiveness
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1568:Eastern Magyars
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1491:people of Kazan
1428:Bulgar language
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1109:
1077:Udmurt Republic
1037:Mongol invasion
1008:
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931:Mongol invasion
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1984:Mongol Armenia
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1597:
1596:
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1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1558:
1555:
1511:Volga Bulgaria
1506:
1503:
1424:Tatar language
1395:
1392:
1369:Volga Bulgaria
1356:
1353:
1341:Volga Bulgaria
1332:
1329:
1289:
1286:
1203:Volga Bulgaria
1185:armies at the
1164:
1161:
1121:Volga Bulgaria
1111:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
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1054:
1049:
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1032:Volga Bulgaria
1026:
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1017:
1016:
1010:
1009:
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991:
984:
977:
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966:
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948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
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921:Volga Bulgaria
918:
913:
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906:Great Bulgaria
900:
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891:
890:
881:
880:
873:
865:
864:
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852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
811:
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786:
781:
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774:Volga Bulgaria
771:
763:
762:
756:
755:
754:
753:
748:
741:
737:
736:
735:
734:
729:
718:
711:
709:Southeast Asia
705:
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697:
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687:
682:
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675:
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264:
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256:
249:
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211:
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206:
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194:Predominantly
191:
190:
189:Units involved
186:
185:
172:
154:
153:
149:
148:
146:Volga Bulgaria
143:
137:
136:
132:
131:
128:
127:
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118:
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114:
110:
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106:Volga Bulgaria
104:
102:
98:
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94:
86:
85:
77:
76:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3005:
2994:
2991:
2989:
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2833:
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2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2789:Chagatai Khan
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
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2698:
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2635:
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2607:
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2536:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2504:
2502:
2498:Latin Empire
2496:
2494:
2488:
2486:
2480:
2478:
2472:
2470:
2464:
2462:
2456:
2454:
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2254:
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2240:
2238:
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2214:
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2209:
2205:
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2198:
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2186:
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2178:
2174:
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2110:
2107:
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2097:
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2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2028:
2027:Northern Yuan
2025:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1952:Imperial Seal
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1911:
1908:
1905:
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1900:
1896:
1882:
1879:
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1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1845:Pax Mongolica
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1814:
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1797:
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1777:
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1772:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1747:
1743:
1739:
1738:Mongol Empire
1732:
1727:
1725:
1720:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1664:
1656:
1654:963-326-337-9
1650:
1646:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1626:963-547-085-1
1622:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1604:
1594:
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1536:
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1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:Mari language
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1328:
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1299:
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1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1225:, writing in
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1157:Mongol Empire
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
1000:
990:
985:
983:
978:
976:
971:
970:
968:
967:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
916:Great Tartary
914:
912:
911:Turco-Mongols
909:
907:
904:
903:
902:
901:
897:
893:
892:
889:
883:
882:
877:
872:
871:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
820:
816:
812:
809:
805:
801:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
761:
757:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
742:
738:
733:
730:
727:
723:
719:
717:
714:
713:
712:
710:
706:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
660:
659:
656:
655:
654:
652:
648:
641:
638:
637:
636:
633:
631:
628:
624:
621:
620:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
604:
602:
598:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
583:
581:
577:
572:
567:
562:
552:
547:
545:
540:
538:
533:
532:
529:
517:
514:
510:
507:
506:
505:
501:
497:
494:
493:
492:
489:
487:
484:
480:
477:
475:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
417:
414:
412:
411:Volga Bulgars
409:
408:
405:
398:
389:
384:
382:
377:
375:
370:
369:
366:
354:
353:Volga Bulgars
351:
349:
346:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
318:
317:
314:
312:
309:
305:
302:
301:
300:
297:
295:
292:
288:
285:
284:
283:
280:
279:
276:
270:
262:
257:
255:
250:
248:
243:
242:
239:
230:
227:
226:
221:
218:1236: ~35,000
212:
207:
203:
201:
197:
196:horse archers
193:
192:
187:
184:
183:Inäzor Purgaz
180:
176:
173:
170:
163:
159:
156:
155:
150:
147:
144:
142:
141:Mongol Empire
139:
138:
133:
125:
120:
119:
115:
112:
111:
107:
103:
100:
99:
95:
92:
91:
87:
82:
73:
70:
62:
59:December 2014
52:
48:
42:
41:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2689:Genghis Khan
2458:Kievan Rus'
2441:
2436:(1237–1300s)
2428:(1237–1300s)
2272:Western Xia
2234:Qara Khitai
2067:Major cities
2046:Golden Horde
2022:Yuan dynasty
1909:Organization
1843:
1794:Khong Tayiji
1694:(in Tatar).
1689:
1672:
1663:
1644:
1616:
1573:Kazan Tatars
1523:Golden Horde
1508:
1494:
1490:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1467:
1440:
1397:
1380:Golden Horde
1377:
1358:
1334:
1314:
1291:
1282:Golden Horde
1278:Golden Horde
1247:
1223:Ibn al-Athir
1207:Genghis Khan
1172:
1169:Friar Julian
1119:invasion of
1114:
1042:Golden Horde
1036:
936:Golden Horde
930:
835:Latin Empire
773:
623:Nizari state
580:Central Asia
433:Eastern Liao
410:
399:'s campaigns
352:
271:'s campaigns
269:Genghis Khan
216:1229: 20,000
135:Belligerents
65:
56:
37:
2764:Sartaq Khan
2733:Kublai Khan
2728:Möngke Khan
2702:Ögedei Khan
2681:Great Khans
2647:(1314–1318)
2639:(1268–1301)
2591:(1260–1323)
2575:(1253–1256)
2558:Middle East
2452:(1238–1239)
2393:(1221–1327)
2252:(1219–1256)
2244:(1219–1221)
2226:(1264–1308)
2218:(1207-1308)
2084:Azov (Azaq)
1750:Terminology
1474:Möselmannar
1451:Finno-Ugric
1449:and partly
1306:Kazan Tatar
1302:Mari people
1235:Ögedei Khan
1072:Udmurt ASSR
885:History of
673:Eastern Xia
663:Western Xia
587:Qara Khitai
458:Kievan Rus'
416:Jin dynasty
397:Ögedei Khan
348:Kalka River
311:Qara Khitai
299:Jin dynasty
294:Western Xia
121:Territorial
51:introducing
2932:Categories
2900:Nogai Khan
2784:Özbeg Khan
2715:Güyük Khan
2609:Civil wars
2597:Palestine
2506:Lithuania
2426:Circassia
2159:Xacitarxan
2144:Soltaniyeh
1881:Darughachi
1519:Ghiasetdin
1335:After the
1331:Rebellions
1294:Kama river
1274:Ulus Jochi
1239:Ural River
1221:historian
1167:See also:
956:Tatar ASSR
784:Durdzuketi
769:Kievan Rus
438:Khwarazmia
316:Khwarazmia
287:Chakirmaut
198:and other
34:references
2769:Orda Khan
2759:Batu Khan
2623:(1260–64)
2567:(1241–43)
2565:Anatolia
2540:(1287–88)
2532:(1285–86)
2524:(1264–65)
2516:(1259–60)
2508:(1258–59)
2484:(1241–42)
2476:(1241–42)
2468:(1240–41)
2444:(1229–36)
2434:Chechnya
2374:(1300–02)
2338:Southeast
2317:(1253–56)
2299:(1235–79)
2291:(1231–60)
2283:(1211–34)
2236:(1216–18)
2224:Sakhalin
2184:Campaigns
2134:Saray-Jük
2124:Samarkand
2099:Karakorum
2058:Ilkhanate
1816:Political
1505:Aftermath
1365:Tatarstan
1361:Chuvashia
1250:Batu Khan
1243:Bashkiria
1213:may have
887:Tatarstan
840:Lithuania
789:Circassia
651:East Asia
640:Palestine
608:Caucassus
601:West Asia
561:conquests
468:Sit River
326:Samarkand
2895:Boroldai
2875:Khubilai
2855:Bo'orchu
2828:Military
2722:(regent)
2709:(regent)
2696:(regent)
2581:Baghdad
2530:Hungary
2474:Hungary
2417:Georgia
2364:Vietnam
2216:Siberia
2114:Maragheh
2014:Khanates
1962:Religion
1957:Military
1906:Politics
1856:Kurultai
1819:Military
1583:Mongolia
1557:See also
1551:Mordvins
1543:Bashkirs
1499:Russians
1455:Kipchaks
1373:Kipchaks
1153:ambushed
1149:Vladimir
1145:Novgorod
1141:Russians
1005:a series
1003:Part of
926:Kipchaks
876:a series
874:Part of
695:Sakhalin
613:Anatolia
592:Khwarezm
304:Yehuling
209:Strength
101:Location
2865:Boroqul
2860:Guo Kan
2850:Negudar
2835:Subutai
2735: (
2573:Alamut
2546:Serbia
2538:Poland
2522:Thrace
2514:Poland
2450:Alania
2315:Yunnan
2250:Persia
2208:Central
2187:Battles
2094:Bolghar
2089:Bukhara
2074:Almalik
1876:Kheshig
1804:Tarkhan
1599:Sources
1563:Bulgars
1547:Udmurts
1539:Chuvash
1495:Qazanlı
1478:Bulghar
1470:Muslims
1443:Mongols
1412:Kipchak
1400:Muslims
1384:Bulgars
1382:. Some
1349:Bulgars
1337:Mongols
1321:Cükätaw
1317:Bolghar
1270:Cükätaw
1262:Bolghar
1248:Led by
1211:Bulgars
1195:Subutai
1183:Kipchak
1137:Eurasia
1057:Muscovy
1052:Ar begs
946:Muscovy
855:Gazaria
779:Cumania
751:Siberia
720:Burma (
716:Vietnam
630:Baghdad
504:Hungary
496:Legnica
474:Kozelsk
453:Armenia
448:Georgia
426:Caizhou
421:Kaifeng
321:Bukhara
204:unknown
200:cavalry
158:Subutai
123:changes
47:improve
2845:Muqali
2819:Ghazan
2814:Arghun
2804:Hulegu
2694:Tolui
2670:People
2631:(1262)
2589:Syria
2583:(1258)
2548:(1291)
2500:(1242)
2492:(1242)
2408:Europe
2391:India
2372:Burma
2358:(1293)
2347:Burma
2325:Japan
2306:Tibet
2289:Korea
2149:Tabriz
2119:Qarshi
2079:Avarga
1925:Topics
1829:Jarlig
1789:Jinong
1784:Khanum
1779:Khatun
1769:Khagan
1761:Titles
1698:: The
1651:
1623:
1549:, and
1531:Mongol
1515:Bulgar
1482:Tatars
1447:Bulgar
1416:Bulgar
1347:, the
1325:Bulgar
1254:Europe
1215:fought
1191:Mongol
1125:Bulgar
1117:Mongol
1007:on the
878:on the
850:Serbia
819:Second
804:Second
794:Alania
760:Europe
726:Second
635:Levant
618:Persia
491:Poland
463:Ryazan
443:Goryeo
336:Parwan
179:Puresh
164:(1223)
113:Result
36:, but
2890:Kadan
2885:Bayan
2870:Jelme
2809:Abaqa
2799:Kebek
2779:Toqta
2774:Berke
2754:Jochi
2747:Khans
2384:South
2356:Java
2109:Majar
2051:Wings
1871:Tümen
1851:Yassa
1834:Örtöö
1799:Noyan
1696:Kazan
1404:Islam
1388:Sarai
1339:left
1310:Çallı
1298:Kazan
1231:Volga
1227:Mosul
1179:Cuman
1129:Volga
815:First
808:Third
800:First
746:India
722:First
700:Japan
690:Korea
685:Tibet
658:China
486:Tibet
341:Indus
231:Heavy
2840:Jebe
2794:Duwa
2263:East
2200:Asia
2154:Ukek
2104:Dadu
1912:Life
1839:Orda
1774:Khan
1649:ISBN
1621:ISBN
1537:and
1535:Mari
1459:Rus'
1457:and
1414:and
1363:and
1345:Rus'
1319:and
1266:Suar
1219:Arab
1199:Jebe
1197:and
1189:, a
1177:and
1175:Rus'
1147:and
1133:Kama
1131:and
1115:The
732:Java
678:Song
574:Asia
509:Mohi
479:Kiev
331:Merv
169:Batu
162:Jebe
93:Date
2880:Aju
1143:of
668:Jin
2934::
1635:^
1607:^
1545:,
1501:.
1438:.
1327:.
1284:.
1268:,
1264:,
1260:,
1205:.
817:,
806:,
802:,
724:,
2739:)
1730:e
1723:t
1716:v
1657:.
1629:.
1493:(
1472:(
1181:/
1104:e
1097:t
1090:v
988:e
981:t
974:v
821:)
810:)
728:)
550:e
543:t
536:v
387:e
380:t
373:v
260:e
253:t
246:v
72:)
66:(
61:)
57:(
43:.
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