144:
917:
32:
720:
906:
354:
Cairo
University, at moments of formation or reformation than it does with the texts themselves." Colla went on to conclude that Zaynab became recognized as part of the national literary tradition not at the moment of its initial production but in subsequent circumstances of reception and reproduction tied to other non-literary significances.
640:
353:
Many critics have considered the novel Zeinab, written by Heikal 1913, as the 'first modern
Egyptian novel. However, some scholars have debated this, with Elliot Colla reaching a conclusion that this label had more to do with "the needs of national institutions such as the cinema, the Parliament, or
310:. In this post he introduced several reforms, including decentralization, by establishing educational zones and making programs and curricula nationally oriented. He was greatly influenced and inspired by the comprehensive reforms of
541:
143:
663:
987:
549:
708:
96:
68:
686:
49:
241:
75:
460:
962:
525:
972:
952:
209:
307:
294:
newspaper, the organ of the
Liberal Constitutionalist party for which he was also an adviser and was also elected as its
82:
982:
115:
461:
The dilemma of modernization and the crisis of
Egyptian liberal thought: a new reading in an ancient fictional text.
64:
977:
701:
602:
53:
342:
303:
957:
272:
in 1912. While a student in Paris, he composed what is considered the first authentic
Egyptian novel,
921:
825:
694:
680:
89:
716:
967:
724:
232:
17:
42:
860:
780:
775:
575:
299:
515:
845:
327:
947:
942:
315:
676:
8:
890:
850:
265:
455:(Series: Beiruter Texte und Studien, BTS, 5) Ergon, Würzburg and al-Furat, Beirut 1967
622:
618:
583:
521:
453:
Muhammad Husain Haikal. Europa und der Orient im
Weltbild eines ägytischen Liberalen.
302:'s second government. In November 1940 he was appointed minister of education to the
875:
870:
855:
795:
750:
614:
431:
261:
800:
765:
295:
221:
790:
333:
Heikal is the father of seven children: Ateya, Taheya, Hussein, Hedeya, Bahiga,
805:
785:
362:
311:
274:
298:. In 1937, he was appointed as minister of state for the interior ministry in
936:
885:
770:
745:
740:
626:
587:
257:
910:
880:
840:
830:
815:
810:
755:
735:
334:
323:
278:. After returning to Egypt, he worked as a lawyer for 10 years, then as a
865:
820:
760:
240:
writer, journalist, politician. He held several cabinet posts, including
835:
338:
319:
279:
290:
284:
237:
31:
253:
167:
641:"محمد حسين هيكل.. لماذا رفض وضع اسمه على "زينب" أول رواية مصرية؟"
464:
The ARAB FUTURE (AL MUSTAQBAL AL ARABI), No. 535, September 2023.
719:
269:
189:
171:
392:
520:(4th ed.). Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 388.
513:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
988:Members of Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo
16:For the Egyptian journalist and news analyst, see
370:Biographies of Egyptian and Western Personalities
934:
702:
387:"Ten days in the Sudan"(عشرة أيام فى السودان)
236:; August 20, 1888 – December 8, 1956) was an
709:
695:
603:"How Zaynab Became the First Arabic Novel"
142:
548:. Cairo. 18 November 1940. Archived from
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
573:
935:
376:The Life of The Noble Prophet Muhammad
231:
690:
666:from Egypt state information service.
600:
402:, 1951-53.(مذكرات فى السياسة المصرية)
569:
567:
418:The Islamic Empire and sacred places
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
576:"On the Rise of the Egyptian Novel"
225:
13:
507:
445:
264:in Law in 1909 and a PhD from the
14:
999:
670:
564:
252:Haekal was born in Kafr Ghannam,
233:[mæˈħæmmædħeˈseːnˈheːkæl]
916:
915:
904:
718:
619:10.1111/j.1478-0542.2008.00573.x
30:
514:Arthur Goldschmidt Jr. (2013).
412:Faith, Knowledge and Philosophy
41:needs additional citations for
633:
594:
534:
517:Historical Dictionary of Egypt
475:
229:Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:
1:
601:Colla, Elliott (2009-01-29).
574:Elkhadem, Saad (1978-01-01).
500:
400:Memories on Egyptian politics
963:Education ministers of Egypt
580:International Fiction Review
451:(in German) Baber Johansen:
343:American University in Cairo
210:Liberal Constitutional Party
7:
973:People from Mansoura, Egypt
953:Egyptian newspaper founders
337:, and Ahmad. Fayza teaches
282:. He published articles in
10:
1004:
922:Category: Egyptian writers
382:In the House of Revelation
348:
288:. He was the cofounder of
15:
899:
826:Mohammad Moustafa Haddara
731:
679:, English translation by
205:
197:
178:
153:
141:
130:
65:"Mohammed Hussein Heikal"
983:20th-century journalists
468:
18:Mohamed Hassanein Heikal
647:(in Arabic). 2023-08-20
542:"The New Cairo Cabinet"
458:Ibrahim Fawzy Ibrahim.
260:in 1888. He obtained a
247:
218:Mohammed Hussein Heikal
132:Mohammed Hussein Heikal
978:20th-century novelists
861:Abdel Rahman El Abnudi
781:Abo El Seoud El Ebiary
776:Muhammad Husayn Haykal
681:Isma'il Raji al-Faruqi
424:Egyptian short stories
384:, 1939.(فى منزل الوحى)
328:Husayn Fawzi al-Najjar
300:Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha
420:, published in 1964 .
242:minister of education
677:The Life of Muhammad
546:The Palestine Post
435:, published in 1968.
426:, published in 1967.
414:, published in 1964.
316:Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed
148:Photograph of Heikal
50:improve this article
891:Ahmed Khaled Tawfik
851:Salama Ahmed Salama
552:on 26 February 2022
439:Mehraj-ud-din beigh
378:, (حياة محمد) 1933.
357:His works include:
308:Hussein Sirri Pasha
266:Sorbonne University
958:Egyptian novelists
406:Thus Was I Created
326:was the historian
930:
929:
527:978-0-8108-8025-2
215:
214:
136:
126:
125:
118:
100:
995:
919:
918:
911:Egypt portal
909:
908:
907:
876:Ahmad Al-Khamisi
871:Gamal Al-Ghitani
856:Sonallah Ibrahim
846:Nawâl El Saadâwi
796:Tatamkulu Afrika
751:Edwar al-Kharrat
725:Egyptian writers
723:
722:
711:
704:
697:
688:
687:
656:
655:
653:
652:
637:
631:
630:
598:
592:
591:
571:
562:
561:
559:
557:
538:
532:
531:
511:
494:
479:
432:Uthman Ibn Affan
235:
230:
227:
185:
182:December 8, 1956
163:
161:
146:
134:
128:
127:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
1003:
1002:
998:
997:
996:
994:
993:
992:
968:Egyptian pashas
933:
932:
931:
926:
905:
903:
895:
806:Mustafa Mahmoud
766:Tawfiq al-Hakim
727:
717:
715:
673:
660:
659:
650:
648:
639:
638:
634:
607:History Compass
599:
595:
572:
565:
555:
553:
540:
539:
535:
528:
512:
508:
503:
498:
497:
480:
476:
471:
448:
446:Further reading
441:, Arabic master
366:, (زينب) 1914.
351:
296:editor-in-chief
250:
228:
206:Political party
193:
187:
183:
174:
165:
164:August 20, 1888
159:
157:
149:
137:
133:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
23:Egyptian writer
21:
12:
11:
5:
1001:
991:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
928:
927:
925:
924:
913:
900:
897:
896:
894:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
786:Naguib Mahfouz
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
732:
729:
728:
714:
713:
706:
699:
691:
685:
684:
672:
671:External links
669:
668:
667:
658:
657:
632:
613:(1): 214–225.
593:
563:
533:
526:
505:
504:
502:
499:
496:
495:
473:
472:
470:
467:
466:
465:
456:
447:
444:
443:
442:
436:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
393:Al Farouq Omar
388:
385:
379:
373:
367:
350:
347:
312:Mohammad Abduh
249:
246:
226:محمد حسين هيكل
213:
212:
207:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
188:
186:(aged 68)
180:
176:
175:
166:
155:
151:
150:
147:
139:
138:
135:محمد حسين هيكل
131:
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1000:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
940:
938:
923:
914:
912:
902:
901:
898:
892:
889:
887:
886:Laila Soliman
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
801:Andrée Chedid
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
771:Munira Thabit
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
746:Salama Moussa
744:
742:
741:Hafez Ibrahim
739:
737:
734:
733:
730:
726:
721:
712:
707:
705:
700:
698:
693:
692:
689:
682:
678:
675:
674:
665:
662:
661:
646:
642:
636:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
597:
589:
585:
581:
577:
570:
568:
551:
547:
543:
537:
529:
523:
519:
518:
510:
506:
492:
488:
484:
478:
474:
463:
462:
457:
454:
450:
449:
440:
437:
434:
433:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
394:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
364:
360:
359:
358:
355:
346:
344:
340:
336:
331:
329:
325:
322:. One of his
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:
287:
286:
281:
277:
276:
271:
267:
263:
259:
258:Ad Daqahliyah
255:
245:
243:
239:
234:
223:
219:
211:
208:
204:
200:
196:
191:
181:
177:
173:
169:
156:
152:
145:
140:
129:
120:
117:
109:
106:February 2019
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
19:
881:Ahdaf Soueif
841:Fawzia Fahim
831:Alifa Rifaat
816:Anis Mansour
811:Fathy Ghanem
791:Edmond Jabès
756:Taha Hussein
736:Ahmed Shawki
649:. Retrieved
645:اليوم السابع
644:
635:
610:
606:
596:
579:
554:. Retrieved
550:the original
545:
536:
516:
509:
490:
486:
482:
477:
459:
452:
438:
430:
423:
417:
411:
405:
399:
391:
381:
375:
369:
361:
356:
352:
335:Fayza Haikal
332:
289:
283:
273:
251:
217:
216:
184:(1956-12-08)
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
948:1956 deaths
943:1888 births
866:Leila Ahmed
821:Yusuf Idris
761:Fekry Abaza
556:26 February
481:Also spelt
198:Nationality
937:Categories
836:Samir Amin
651:2023-12-28
501:References
429:Sayyidina
390:Sayyidina
339:Egyptology
320:Qasim Amin
280:journalist
160:1888-08-20
76:newspapers
627:1478-0542
588:1911-186X
396:,1944/45.
291:Al Siyasa
285:Al Jarida
324:protégés
254:Mansoura
238:Egyptian
201:Egyptian
168:Mansoura
372:, 1929.
349:Writing
341:at the
306:led by
304:cabinet
192:, Egypt
90:scholar
920:
664:Heykal
625:
586:
524:
491:Haykal
487:Haekal
483:Haikal
408:,1955.
363:Zeinab
275:Zaynab
222:Arabic
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
489:, or
469:Notes
270:Paris
190:Cairo
172:Egypt
97:JSTOR
83:books
623:ISSN
584:ISSN
558:2022
522:ISBN
318:and
262:B.A.
248:Life
179:Died
154:Born
69:news
615:doi
268:in
52:by
939::
643:.
621:.
609:.
605:.
582:.
578:.
566:^
544:.
485:,
345:.
330:.
314:,
256:,
244:.
224::
170:,
710:e
703:t
696:v
683:.
654:.
629:.
617::
611:7
590:.
560:.
530:.
493:.
220:(
162:)
158:(
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.