627:
964:, Otto obtained Silesia, and Dytryk took Greater Poland. According to another hypothesis, Mieszko II received Greater Poland, and other neighborhoods were given to Otto and Dytryk. Although the distribution was uncertain, this division was short-lived: in 1033, Otto was killed by one of his own men, and Mieszko II took his domains. Shortly afterwards, he likely had Dytryk expelled and thus was able to reunite the whole country in his hands. Mieszko II regained full power, but he still had to fight against the nobility and his own subjects. In Poland, his renunciation of the crown was disregarded, and after 1032, he was still called king in the chronicles.
36:
236:
893:
Emperor Conrad II caused his popularity to decline among his subjects, despite the fact that during the invasion of Saxony the King only defended their territory. Furthermore, the final loss of the war against the Holy Roman Empire weakened the position of the King, who had to face several rebellions from the opposition, who claimed that the previous war did not produce the expected benefits. An additional problem was a dynastic crisis: Mieszko II's brothers continued their attempts to gain power with the help of foreign forces.
497:
493:. A few months later, Bolesław I paid homage in person. The real purpose of Mieszko II's visit is unclear, especially since soon afterwards, his father paid homage to the Holy Roman Empire. Presumably, the young prince paid homage to Milsko, Lusatia and Moravia. The relevant treaty stipulated that it was only a personal tribute, not entailing any legal obligations. Another hypothesis assumes that the territories were transferred by Bolesław to him, and as a result made Mieszko II a vassal of the Empire.
973:
1003:, was either expelled by this insurrection, or the insurrection was caused by the aristocracy's expulsion of him. Some modern historians argue that the insurrection was caused more by economic than by religious issues, such as new taxes for the Church and the militarization of the early Polish polity. Priests, monks and knights were killed; cities, churches and monasteries were burned. The chaos became still greater when, unexpectedly, the
358:
1324:
788:. The gift caused the expected effect, and Mieszko II promised to take military action. The preparations for the war began in the autumn of 1027. In the middle of that year, Conrad II returned to Germany and began to fight the rebels. Soon, he defeated Duke Ernest II, depriving him of his lands. Only when the rebel fight was nearly lost did Mieszko II arrive to their aid. In 1028, Polish troops invaded
873:
929:
released by Duke Oldřich and he could return to the country. After his recent opponent had regained power, the
Emperor immediately reacted and began the preparations for the expedition against Poland. Mieszko II was not prepared for the confrontation, so he used his influence in the German court in order to resolve the conflict.
527:. Ezzo was a prince of considerable influence as a great leader of the opposition against Henry II. Through marriage with his daughter, Mieszko II entered the circle of the Imperial family. Probably after the wedding, and in accordance with prevailing custom, Bolesław I the Brave gave a separate district to Mieszko II to rule:
554:, and once there, his troops encountered strong resistance led by Mieszko II and his father. Henry II sent a delegation to the Polish rulers, in an effort to induce them to conclude a peace settlement. Mieszko II refused, and after the Emperor's failure to defeat his troops in battle, Henry decided to begin retreating to
908:
was settled on the throne. Mieszko II and his family were forced to flee the country. Queen
Richeza and her children found refuge in Germany. The King could not escape to Hungary because, during his travel, he was stopped by Rus' troops. King Stephen I of Hungary was not favorable to accepting him in
612:
in 1018: "due to the fact that his son (...) Mieszko wasn't considered yet capable of taking the government by himself, he established a regent among his family during his trip to Rus". This statement was probably the result of the complete ignorance of the chronicler since in 1018, Mieszko II was 28
546:
to make an alliance against
Emperor Henry II. The mission failed as Oldřich imprisoned Mieszko II. He was released only after the intervention of the Emperor, who, despite the planned betrayal of Bolesław I, loyally acted on behalf of his vassal. As a result, Mieszko II was sent to the Imperial court
792:
and took a number of prisoners. The devastation was so great that, according to Saxon sources, "where
Mieszko II's troops put their feet grass never thence grew". The Emperor accused the Polish ruler of an illegal coronation as King and declared him a usurper. This invasion involved the lands of the
863:
and Fischa Rivers. Now that the
Emperor was less concerned about an attack from the south, in the autumn of 1031, he went on the offensive against Poland and besieged Milsko. The offensive ended with a complete success, and Mieszko II was forced to surrender some lands. As a result, the Polish King
928:
After the death of
Bezprym, the Polish throne remained vacant. Mieszko II was still imprisoned in Bohemia and Otto probably in Germany. German sources report that the Emperor organized an expedition in order to invade Poland. It is unknown what happened after this, but certainly Mieszko II was
892:
Historians estimate that the reason for the rapid capitulation of
Mieszko II was the bad internal situation in the country. Bolesław left an unstable kingdom to his son, who had to defend his autonomy and position amongst neighboring rulers. Also, the cost of Mieszko II's extensive war against
920:
Bezprym probably made bloody persecutions against the followers of
Mieszko II. At the time, power was exercised in the face of mutiny by the people, an event known as the "Pagan Reaction". Having degraded the structure of power, the Duke's authority collapsed, and he was forced to send the
673:, also included Lusatia, Red Ruthenia and the territory of present-day Slovakia. Whether Moravia was still under his reign or was lost earlier is disputed. Once his solo reign had begun, as an important Central European ruler, he was now very important to the Holy Roman Empire.
657:. Contemporary German chroniclers considered this to be an abuse of power on the part of the Archbishop, which was made necessary by the existing political situation. After his father's death, Mieszko II inherited a vast territory, which in addition to
547:
in
Merseburg as a hostage. Henry II probably wanted to force the presence of Bolesław I in Merseburg and make him explain his actions. The plan failed however, because, under pressure from his relatives, the Emperor soon agreed to release Mieszko II.
574:. At the same time, at the head of ten legions, Mieszko II went to Moravia and planned an allied attack together with Bohemia against the Emperor. This action forced the Emperor to give up on any plan of a frontal attack. A year later, the
481:
Since
Mieszko II was politically active before his father's death, Bolesław appointed him as his successor. He participated mainly in German politics, both as a representative of his father and the commander of the Polish troops.
684:. According to Slavonic custom, a father was expected to divide his legacy among all his sons. However, since Bolesław I did not wish to break up the kingdom, Mieszko II's brothers received nothing from their father's legacy.
913:. Duke Oldřich once again imprisoned him. This time, the King could not count on Imperial support. Mieszko II was not only imprisoned but also castrated, which was to be a punishment to Bolesław I the Brave, who blinded
806:
Despite the treaty which secured peace between Poland and Germany, the Emperor soon armed a retaliatory expedition against Mieszko II. Conrad II's army arrived to Lusatia in the autumn of 1029 and began the siege of
772:. In it, a miniature showed the Duchess presenting the Book to Mieszko II while sitting on a throne. The gift was accompanied by a letter, wherein Matilda named him a distinguished king and a model for the spread of
293:. In 1032 he regained power in one of the three districts, then united the country, making good use of the remaining power structures. At this time, several Polish territorial acquisitions of his father were lost:
900:, who allegedly won the alliance of Kiev in order to take power with the support of Otto. When Mieszko II was busy defending Lusatia from the troops of Conrad II, the Kievan expedition came from the east with
797:
tribe. In October 1028, the Emperor's opportunity came as the Lutici district of Pöhlde asked the Emperor to defend against the attacks of Mieszko II, promising support in the fight against the Polish ruler.
237:
687:
As Bezprym was the oldest son, there were some who felt that he should have succeeded his father as king. Bezprym had, however, always been disliked by his father, as indicated by his name (the
550:
A year later, Mieszko II stood at the head of Polish troops in the next war against the Emperor. The campaign was not favorable to Henry. His army needed over a month to reach the line of the
566:(husband of his sister Regelinda). The fighting stopped in autumn and was resumed only in 1017 after the failure of peace talks. Imperial forces bypassed the main defensive site near
940:. Without alternatives, Mieszko II was forced to surrender the crown and agreed to the division of Poland between him and the other two competitors: his brother Otto and a certain
988:. The Polish chronicles clearly stated that he died of natural causes; the information given by the chronicles of Gottfried of Viterbo that he was murdered by the sword-bearer (
1675:
604:, the principal chronicler of that period, there is little information about Mieszko II's life from 1018 until 1025, when he finally took over the government of Poland. Only
917:(Oldřich's brother) thirty years before. Mieszko II and his wife never reunited again; according to some sources, they were either officially divorced, or only separated.
993:
762:. Conrad II's opponents conspired to acquire Mieszko's favor. Historical evidence of these efforts is in the prayer book sent to Mieszko by Frederick's wife,
1011:, ruler of Masovia. Greater Poland was so devastated that it ceased to be the core of the Polish Kingdom. The capital was moved to Kraków, in Lesser Poland.
1314:
Michael Anne Guido and John P. Ravilious, "From Theophanu to St. Margaret of Scotland: A study of Agatha's ancestry", Foundations, vol. 4(2012), pp. 81-121.
1032:
840:
In response, the Emperor organized another expedition against the Polish king, this time by organizing a coalition against Mieszko II. Already in 1030,
1582:
999:
After Mieszko II's death, Poland's peasants revolted in a "pagan reaction". The exact reasons and date are unknown. Mieszko II's only son and heir,
581:
Beginning in 1028, Mieszko II successfully waged war against the Holy Roman Empire. He was able to repel its invading army, and later even invaded
723:
was rather a commoner's name, which implied that Bolesław did not wish Bezprym to succeed him). For that reason, Bezprym was sent to a monastery.
1810:
1805:
1474:
474:. It is thought that the choice of this name for his son was an expression of warming relations between Bolesław I and his stepmother
780:, very unusual in those times when Greek was more widely used. In this book are found the earliest records of the Kingdom of Poland:
650:
1007:
invaded Silesia and Greater Poland from the south (1039). The land became divided among local rulers, one of whom is known by name:
422:
2064:
394:
2044:
1328:
401:
1780:
1071:, whose origins are unknown. One theory that has been put forward is that she was the daughter of Mieszko II and Richeza.
1039:
1028:
516:
375:
164:
925:
to the Emperor. After only one year of reign, Bezprym was murdered (1032), probably at the instigation of his brothers.
1214:
441:
251:
247:
1800:
558:. The Polish prince went in pursuit and inflicted heavy losses on the German army. When the Polish army advanced to
408:
1974:
1715:
1467:
1081:
1064:
1785:
1491:
680:
was the son of the Hungarian princess Judith, Bolesław's second wife. Mieszko II also had a younger full-brother,
626:
511:
The position of the young prince, at both the Polish and Imperial courts, became stronger in 1013 when he married
1896:
1999:
776:. Also written was praise of the merits of Mieszko II in the building of new churches, as well his knowledge of
1246:
1192:
1164:
914:
759:
390:
379:
819:
676:
Later developments during his reign had their source in dynastic and familial issues. His older half-brother
594:
563:
344:
due to the unfortunate way his reign ended; but in the beginning he acted as a skillful and talented ruler.
1901:
1850:
2069:
1690:
1460:
1417:
754:
for his Imperial coronation. His absence increased the activity of the opposition centered around Dukes
2054:
1989:
593:. This war was probably prompted by family connections of Mieszko II's in Germany who opposed Emperor
1936:
1832:
214:
1745:
1639:
92:
2049:
1827:
1500:
543:
290:
1750:
1695:
1665:
1227:
Trudności wzrostu w Zarys historii Polski pod redakcją Janusza Tazbira, Polski Instytut Wydawniczy
815:
tribe and the expedition failed. Threatened by the Hungarians, the Emperor was forced to retreat.
35:
1865:
1655:
1483:
368:
243:
1650:
1623:
1395:
415:
258:
194:
82:
2059:
1994:
1984:
1964:
1645:
1444:
1048:
1024:
512:
500:
326:
Mieszko II was very well educated for the period. He was able to read and write, and knew both
289:
onto the Polish throne. Mieszko II took refuge in Bohemia, where he was imprisoned by the Duke
168:
152:
1926:
1855:
1725:
1720:
1700:
1572:
864:
lost portions of the lands taken by his father, who warred often against Emperor Henry II.
646:
601:
467:
455:
2039:
2034:
1969:
1906:
1888:
1262:
957:
856:
747:
1820:
1043:
877:
727:
681:
567:
8:
1944:
1921:
1916:
1755:
1730:
1705:
1000:
953:
901:
885:
841:
755:
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459:
282:
670:
1959:
1873:
1740:
1684:
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1132:
1058:
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471:
270:
262:
204:
172:
20:
1954:
1795:
1179:
Krzemieńska, Barbara (1999). "II. Dobytí Moravy" [II. Conquering of Moravia].
726:
According to some chroniclers, Mieszko II expelled his two brothers from the country.
470:. However, it is also probable that the name was chosen after Bolesław's half-brother
1979:
1878:
1735:
1242:
1210:
1188:
1160:
763:
731:
654:
630:
281:
princes. Mieszko II was forced to escape from the country in 1031 after an attack by
159:
72:
41:
608:
mentions the then Prince on the occasion of the description of his father's trip to
578:(30 January 1018) was concluded, with terms extremely favorable to the Polish side.
1760:
1710:
1068:
575:
524:
504:
490:
331:
327:
274:
1790:
1775:
945:
605:
266:
230:
496:
1949:
1528:
1434:
1402:
922:
658:
642:
609:
562:, Mieszko II unsuccessfully tried to besiege the castle of his brother-in-law,
278:
99:
50:
1765:
2028:
1911:
1842:
1610:
1173:
937:
662:
638:
312:
304:
294:
184:
825:
In 1030, Mieszko II secured an alliance with Hungary and once again invaded
773:
308:
1600:
1567:
1136:
Quote: "Blessed Rycheza (Ryksa) (+1063), Queen, wife of King Mieszko II "
977:
555:
520:
1185:
Bretislaus I: Bohemia and Central Europe in 1st Half of the 11th Century
1155:
In the historical literature, different dates for this conquest appear:
936:, a meeting took place between Conrad II and the surviving heirs of the
896:
The brother who caused the first problems to Mieszko II was most likely
1549:
735:
551:
382: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
65:
1008:
1618:
1542:
1514:
1452:
1171:(this date is supported by virtually all of Czech historiography; as
1057:(b. 1025 – d. Kiev, 4 January 1108), married by 1043 to Grand Prince
1020:
972:
933:
486:
463:
462:. His second name, Lambert, sometimes erroneously considered to be a
1159:(Norman Davies, Boże igrzysko, t. I, Wydawnictwo ZNAK, Kraków 1987,
1042:(b. 22 September 1013 – d. 21 May 1075), married by 1039/42 to King
985:
811:, but the German troops did not receive the promised support of the
528:
357:
131:
1590:
1556:
1535:
989:
859:'s support, Conrad II ceded to Hungary the territories between the
613:
years old and was already fully able to exercise power by himself.
535:(now part of the city), was chosen by the prince as his residence.
316:
984:
Mieszko II died suddenly on either 10 or 11 May 1034, probably in
876:
Division of Poland between Mieszko Lambert (red) and his brothers
1628:
1521:
1427:
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1263:
Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Mieszko II Lambert".
1181:
Břetislav I.: Čechy a střední Evropa v prvé polovině XI. století
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in 1028 and 1030. Then, Mieszko II ran a defensive war against
872:
781:
777:
751:
688:
532:
633:, where Mieszko Lambert was crowned King of Poland in 1025.
637:
King Bolesław died on 17 June 1025. Six months later, on
458:. He was probably named after his paternal grandfather,
340:(the "Lazy", "Stagnant" or "Slothful"). He received that
844:
began the offensive and conquered Red Ruthenia and some
16:
King of Poland (r. 1025–31); Duke of Poland (r. 1032–34)
1296:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
538:
In the year 1014, Mieszko II was sent by his father to
909:
his country. Without alternatives, Mieszko II went to
1094:
1033:
Matilda of Germany, Countess Palatine of Lotharingia
904:
as the leader. In 1031, Poland was invaded and then
1187:] (in Czech) (2nd. ed.). Praha: Garamond.
589:, resulting in a temporary Hungarian occupation of
992:) refers in fact to Bezprym. He was buried in the
960:. Mieszko II probably received Lesser Poland and
40:Mieszko Lambert receiving a liturgical book from
2026:
976:Mieszko II Lambert, a 19th-century depiction by
851:In 1031, the Emperor concluded a peace with the
818:Probably in this same year, the son of Oldřich,
829:. In the meanwhile, his southern ally attacked
769:officiorum Liber quem ordinem Romanum apellant
1468:
285:, who installed Mieszko's older half-brother
335:
298:
265:. He organized two devastating invasions of
2015:indicates monarch of questioned historicity
1241:, Krajowa Agencja Wydawnicza, Kraków 1996,
1178:
767:
1475:
1461:
1344:Heart of Europe: A Short History of Poland
867:
801:
741:
261:, but the eldest born from his third wife
34:
442:Learn how and when to remove this message
971:
871:
625:
542:as an emissary. He had to persuade Duke
495:
766:, around 1027. The volume is entitled:
2027:
1482:
1350:
1341:
1302:
1200:
1133:The Catholic Church in Poland: Saints.
1107:
1456:
1014:
466:, was given to him as a reference to
334:. He is unjustly known as Mieszko II
229:
1051:(b. 25 July 1016 – d. 19 March 1058)
380:adding citations to reliable sources
351:
1207:Moravia in the Ducal Era (906–1197)
1029:Ezzo, Count Palatine of Lotharingia
994:Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul
311:, the western and central parts of
13:
14:
2081:
641:, Mieszko II Lambert was crowned
1322:
1203:Morava v době knížecí (906–1197)
952:) —his cousin, grandson of Duke
356:
231:[ˈmjɛʂkɔˈdruɡʲiˈlambɛrt]
173:Gertruda, Grand Princess of Kiev
1308:
1278:"Historia Polski średniowiecze"
784:at the margins of the sequence
367:needs additional citations for
242:; c. 990 – 10/11 May 1034) was
1283:
1270:
1256:
1209:] (in Czech). Praha: NLN.
1149:
1140:
1126:
1113:
760:Frederick II of Upper Lorraine
347:
1:
1087:
1027:, daughter of Count Palatine
1023:ca. 1013, Mieszko II married
822:, attacked and took Moravia.
707:and emperors' names, such as
691:tended to give names such as
515:, daughter of Count Palatine
507:and Mieszko Lambert's consort
2045:11th-century Polish monarchs
2000:Stanisław August Poniatowski
1291:Pierwsze państwo piastowskie
1082:History of Poland (966–1385)
621:
485:In 1013, Mieszko II went to
7:
2065:Burials at Poznań Cathedral
1975:Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki
1716:Władysław III Spindleshanks
1355:. Harvard University Press.
1075:
980:based on historical sources
855:. Probably in exchange for
734:and Bezprym escaped to the
616:
254:from 1032 until his death.
10:
2086:
1346:. Oxford University Press.
1335:
1121:Rodowód pierwszych Piastów
915:Duke Boleslaus III the Red
489:, where he paid homage to
454:Mieszko was a son of King
18:
2008:
1935:
1887:
1864:
1840:
1819:
1806:Dukes of Gdańsk Pomerania
1685:Senior or Supreme Princes
1674:
1609:
1581:
1490:
1441:
1432:
1424:
1409:
1400:
1392:
1387:
1362:
1351:Wilson, Peter H. (2016).
833:and temporarily occupied
257:He was the second son of
215:Chalcedonian Christianity
210:
200:
190:
178:
169:Casimir I, Duke of Poland
165:Richeza, Queen of Hungary
158:
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125:
117:
113:
105:
98:
88:
78:
64:
56:
49:
33:
28:
1801:Dukes of Sieradz-Łęczyca
1418:Bolesław II the Generous
1229:, Warszaw 1980, p. 24),
967:
585:. He allied Poland with
19:Not to be confused with
1781:Dukes of Greater Poland
1342:Davies, Norman (1986).
1265:Encyclopedia Britannica
1201:Wihoda, Martin (2010).
868:Deposition and division
802:Retaliatory expeditions
742:Role in German conflict
250:from 1025 to 1031, and
1985:Augustus II the Strong
1902:Władysław III of Varna
1786:Dukes of Little Poland
1691:Władysław II the Exile
1646:Casimir I the Restorer
1640:Bolesław the Forgotten
1445:Casimir I the Restorer
1049:Casimir I the Restorer
981:
949:
889:
884:(green) following the
786:Ad célèbres rex celica
768:
634:
508:
501:Richeza of Lotharingia
336:
299:
153:Richeza of Lotharingia
93:Bolesław the Forgotten
1927:Sigismund II Augustus
1897:Władysław II Jagiełło
1874:Louis I the Hungarian
1856:Casimir III the Great
1751:Bolesław V the Chaste
1726:Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
1696:Bolesław IV the Curly
1666:Bolesław III Wrymouth
1573:Piast the Wheelwright
1225:(Tadeusz Manteuffel,
975:
875:
647:archbishop of Gniezno
629:
602:Thietmar of Merseburg
499:
227:Polish pronunciation:
1970:John II Casimir Vasa
1889:Jagiellonian dynasty
1851:Władysław I Łokietek
1651:Bolesław II the Bold
1624:Bolesław I the Brave
1396:Bolesław I the Brave
1331:at Wikimedia Commons
1329:Mieszko II of Poland
958:Oda von Haldensleben
956:and his third wife,
748:Conrad II of Germany
600:Due to the death of
531:. One of his towns,
391:"Mieszko II Lambert"
376:improve this article
259:Bolesław I the Brave
195:Bolesław I the Brave
83:Bolesław I the Brave
1922:Sigismund I the Old
1866:Capet-Anjou dynasty
1756:Leszek II the Black
1746:Bolesław the Horned
1706:Casimir II the Just
1701:Mieszko III the Old
1364:Mieszko II Lambert
932:On 7 July 1032, in
902:Yaroslav I the Wise
886:Treaty of Merseburg
842:Yaroslav I the Wise
756:Ernest II of Swabia
476:Oda of Haldensleben
283:Yaroslav I the Wise
2070:Christian monarchs
1960:Sigismund III Vasa
1811:Dukes of Pomerania
1741:Henry II the Pious
1656:Władysław I Herman
1634:Mieszko II Lambert
1484:Monarchs of Poland
1414:Title next held by
1059:Iziaslav I of Kiev
1015:Marriage and issue
982:
890:
853:Kingdom of Hungary
635:
509:
472:Lambert Mieszkowic
456:Bolesław the Brave
263:Emnilda of Lusatia
223:Mieszko II Lambert
205:Emnilda of Lusatia
29:Mieszko II Lambert
21:Mieszko II the Fat
2055:Polish Christians
2022:
2021:
1980:John III Sobieski
1965:Władysław IV Vasa
1937:Elective monarchy
1821:Přemyslid dynasty
1736:Henry the Bearded
1451:
1450:
1442:Succeeded by
1382:10 or 11 May 1034
1327:Media related to
1044:Béla I of Hungary
878:Otto Bolesławowic
764:Matilda of Swabia
655:Gniezno Cathedral
631:Gniezno Cathedral
568:Krosno Odrzańskie
564:Margrave Herman I
452:
451:
444:
426:
220:
219:
143:10 or 11 May 1034
129:10 or 11 May 1034
73:Gniezno Cathedral
70:25 December 1025
42:Matilda of Swabia
2077:
1796:Dukes of Kuyavia
1791:Dukes of Masovia
1776:Dukes of Silesia
1761:Henryk IV Probus
1721:Władysław Odonic
1711:Leszek the White
1477:
1470:
1463:
1454:
1453:
1439:1032–1034
1425:Preceded by
1407:1025–1031
1393:Preceded by
1383:
1376:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1347:
1326:
1315:
1312:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1287:
1281:
1274:
1268:
1260:
1254:
1220:
1198:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1138:
1130:
1124:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1069:Edward the Exile
771:
671:Gdańsk Pomerania
576:Peace of Bautzen
525:Emperor Otto III
505:Emperor Otto III
491:Emperor Henry II
447:
440:
436:
433:
427:
425:
384:
360:
352:
339:
319:), and probably
302:
241:
240:
239:
233:
228:
38:
26:
25:
2085:
2084:
2080:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2050:Kings of Poland
2025:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2004:
1955:Stephen Báthory
1945:Henry of Valois
1931:
1883:
1860:
1836:
1815:
1677:
1670:
1605:
1577:
1486:
1481:
1447:
1438:
1430:
1415:
1406:
1398:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1353:Heart of Europe
1338:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1309:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1284:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1257:
1239:Korona i infuła
1217:
1195:
1174:partes pro toto
1154:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1127:
1118:
1114:
1106:
1095:
1090:
1078:
1017:
970:
870:
804:
744:
730:took refuge in
624:
619:
606:Gallus Anonymus
503:, the niece of
448:
437:
431:
428:
385:
383:
373:
361:
350:
297:(also known as
235:
234:
226:
171:
167:
144:
130:
71:
45:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2083:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1950:Anna Jagiellon
1947:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1893:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1870:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1845:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1833:Wenceslaus III
1830:
1825:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1682:
1680:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1587:
1585:
1583:Proto-historic
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1496:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1440:
1435:Duke of Poland
1431:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1408:
1403:King of Poland
1399:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1388:Regnal titles
1385:
1384:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1348:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1317:
1316:
1307:
1295:
1282:
1269:
1255:
1216:978-8071065630
1215:
1193:
1177:can be named:
1148:
1146:See note No. 4
1139:
1125:
1112:
1110:, p. 483.
1092:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1077:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1061:
1052:
1046:
1016:
1013:
969:
966:
923:Polish regalia
869:
866:
803:
800:
746:In 1026, King
743:
740:
715:(Conrad), and
659:Greater Poland
643:king of Poland
623:
620:
618:
615:
450:
449:
364:
362:
355:
349:
346:
218:
217:
212:
208:
207:
202:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
182:
176:
175:
162:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
142:
140:
136:
135:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
111:
110:
107:
103:
102:
100:Duke of Poland
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
80:
76:
75:
68:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
51:King of Poland
47:
46:
39:
31:
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2082:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2060:Piast dynasty
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1912:John I Albert
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1843:Piast dynasty
1839:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1828:Wenceslaus II
1826:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1679:
1676:Fragmentation
1673:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1611:Piast dynasty
1608:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1478:
1473:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1436:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1374:
1369:
1368:Piast Dynasty
1361:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1339:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1311:
1304:
1299:
1292:
1286:
1279:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1143:
1137:
1134:
1129:
1122:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
987:
979:
974:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:Piast dynasty
935:
930:
926:
924:
918:
916:
912:
907:
903:
899:
894:
887:
883:
879:
874:
865:
862:
858:
854:
849:
847:
843:
838:
836:
832:
828:
823:
821:
816:
814:
810:
799:
796:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
770:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
739:
737:
733:
729:
724:
722:
719:(Heinrich).
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
685:
683:
679:
674:
672:
668:
664:
663:Lesser Poland
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
639:Christmas Day
632:
628:
614:
611:
607:
603:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
573:
570:and besieged
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
548:
545:
541:
536:
534:
530:
526:
523:and niece of
522:
518:
514:
506:
502:
498:
494:
492:
488:
483:
479:
477:
473:
469:
468:Saint Lambert
465:
461:
457:
446:
443:
435:
424:
421:
417:
414:
410:
407:
403:
400:
396:
393: –
392:
388:
387:Find sources:
381:
377:
371:
370:
365:This section
363:
359:
354:
353:
345:
343:
338:
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
313:Upper Hungary
310:
306:
305:Lower Lusatia
301:
296:
295:Upper Lusatia
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
245:
238:
232:
224:
216:
213:
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
193:
189:
186:
183:
181:
177:
174:
170:
166:
163:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
141:
137:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
84:
81:
77:
74:
69:
67:
63:
59:
55:
52:
48:
43:
37:
32:
27:
22:
2012:
1995:Augustus III
1772:
1683:
1638:
1633:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1433:
1416:
1410:
1401:
1379:
1372:
1367:
1352:
1343:
1310:
1298:
1290:
1285:
1277:
1272:
1264:
1258:
1250:
1249:, p. 1) and
1238:
1237:(G. Labuda,
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1206:
1202:
1184:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1156:
1151:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1120:
1119:Jasiński K.
1115:
1035:. They had:
1018:
998:
983:
931:
927:
919:
895:
891:
850:
839:
824:
820:Bretislaus I
817:
805:
785:
774:Christianity
745:
725:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
686:
675:
636:
599:
580:
549:
537:
510:
484:
480:
453:
438:
429:
419:
412:
405:
398:
386:
374:Please help
369:verification
366:
325:
309:Red Ruthenia
256:
222:
221:
2040:1034 deaths
2035:990s births
1990:Stanisław I
1766:Przemysł II
1303:Wilson 2016
1108:Davies 1986
978:Jan Matejko
880:(blue) and
556:Dziadoszyce
521:Lotharingia
432:August 2023
348:Early years
303:), part of
79:Predecessor
44:, 1000–1025
2029:Categories
1907:Casimir IV
1550:Leszko III
1289:Labuda G.
1276:Szczur S.
1247:8303036599
1194:8090176070
1165:8370060528
1088:References
1067:, wife of
736:Kievan Rus
699:and later
552:Oder River
402:newspapers
66:Coronation
1917:Alexander
1841:Restored
1773:See also:
1619:Mieszko I
1601:Siemomysł
1568:Chościsko
1563:Popiel II
1543:Leszko II
1515:Krakus II
1492:Legendary
1305:, Tree 2.
1063:possibly
1021:Merseburg
1001:Casimir I
954:Mieszko I
934:Merseburg
857:Stephen I
848:castles.
705:Władysław
701:Kazimierz
653:, in the
622:Accession
595:Conrad II
487:Magdeburg
464:sobriquet
460:Mieszko I
109:1032–1034
89:Successor
60:1025–1031
1731:Konrad I
1661:Zbigniew
1591:Siemowit
1557:Popiel I
1536:Leszko I
1508:Krakus I
1123:, p. 114
1076:See also
1055:Gertruda
990:Miecznik
950:Thiedric
888:in 1032.
750:went to
693:Bolesław
617:Kingship
317:Slovakia
277:and the
211:Religion
2013:Italics
1879:Jadwiga
1629:Bezprym
1522:Lech II
1428:Bezprym
1336:Sources
1293:, p. 54
1280:, p. 80
1040:Richeza
1025:Richeza
1009:Miecław
962:Masovia
911:Bohemia
906:Bezprym
898:Bezprym
831:Bavaria
809:Bautzen
732:Germany
721:Bezprym
697:Mieszko
678:Bezprym
667:Silesia
651:Hipolit
645:by the
587:Hungary
572:Niemcza
560:Meissen
544:Oldřich
540:Bohemia
513:Richeza
416:scholar
342:epithet
321:Moravia
291:Oldrich
287:Bezprym
275:Bohemia
271:Germany
180:Dynasty
1678:period
1596:Lestek
1501:Lech I
1411:Vacant
1378:
1375:c. 990
1245:
1213:
1191:
1163:
1065:Agatha
1005:Czechs
986:Poznań
946:German
942:Dytryk
882:Dytryk
861:Leitha
835:Vienna
827:Saxony
813:Lutici
795:Lutici
790:Saxony
782:neumes
717:Henryk
713:Konrad
689:Piasts
591:Vienna
583:Saxony
529:Kraków
418:
411:
404:
397:
389:
337:Gnuśny
300:Milsko
279:Kievan
267:Saxony
248:Poland
201:Mother
191:Father
149:Spouse
139:Burial
132:Poznań
121:c. 990
1529:Wanda
1380:Died:
1373:Born:
1205:[
1183:[
968:Death
778:Latin
752:Italy
533:Wawel
423:JSTOR
409:books
332:Latin
328:Greek
315:(now
185:Piast
160:Issue
106:Reign
57:Reign
1251:1030
1243:ISBN
1235:1029
1231:1021
1223:1020
1211:ISBN
1189:ISBN
1169:1019
1161:ISBN
1157:1017
1031:and
846:Bełz
758:and
728:Otto
709:Otto
682:Otto
669:and
517:Ezzo
395:news
330:and
252:Duke
244:King
126:Died
118:Born
1221:),
1199:or
1167:),
1019:In
610:Rus
519:of
378:by
246:of
134:(?)
2031::
1233:,
1096:^
996:.
948::
837:.
738:.
711:,
703:,
695:,
665:,
661:,
649:,
597:.
478:.
323:.
307:,
273:,
1476:e
1469:t
1462:v
1253:.
1219:.
1197:.
944:(
445:)
439:(
434:)
430:(
420:·
413:·
406:·
399:·
372:.
225:(
23:.
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