2109:
1557:. It was a meteorological satellite that provided global observations of the earth's weather systems, cloud cover, ice and snow fields, vertical profiles of temperature and moisture, and reflected and emitted radiation from the dayside and nightside of the earth-atmosphere system for operational use by the Soviet Hydrometeorological Service. It carried an East German-designed experimental infrared Fourier spectrometers for on-orbit testing of the new instrument for weather observation. The satellite ceased operations on three years later and is now a derelict spacecraft.
2625:
1725:(FFDP) providing nearly equal intensities for compensated and uncompensated velocity aberration. Both outer reflectors have aluminum coating on the reflecting surfaces and near-diffraction-limited FFDPs. One of the end reflectors is made of fused silica with an index of refraction of 1.46 and should provide partial compensation of the velocity aberration. The other end reflector is made of fused glass with an index of refraction of 1.62 and should provide a perfect compensation of the velocity aberration.
1779:
3991:
33:
2911:
551:
site. The satellites were placed in a near-circular, near-polar prograde orbit to provide near-global observations of the earth's weather systems, cloud cover, ice and snow fields, and reflected and emitted radiation from the dayside and nightside of the earth-atmosphere system for operational use by
2640:
later confirmed that the satellite had suffered a decompression of its thermal control system following what is presumed to be a micrometeoroid impact. Following the incident, the spacecraft was automatically switched into a low-power mode and ground operators worked to restore the satellite's orbit
1649:
with 1st
Generation Upper Stage. It had a weight of 2,750 kg, and contained the usual suite of communication and orbit control equipment powered by large solar arrays. Its mission was cloud observation and IR temperature/humidity sounding, using a Radiation Measurement Complex (RMk-2), Infrared
2494:
Meteor-3-5, launched in 1991, is in a slightly higher orbit than Meteor-2-21, and operated until 1994. It transmitted on 137.300 MHz. Mechanically, it is similar to Meteor-2-21. Which satellite was in operation depended on the sun angles and consequently the seasons. Meteor-3-5 was usually the
2571:
The Meteor-3M series of satellites was to be an advanced series of polar orbiters with one 1.4 km resolution visible channel and a ten-channel radiometer with 3 km resolution. Initially four Meteor-3M satellites were planned, however due to financial difficulties only one was launched.
1666:
It had a weight of 1,500 kg, and It carried scientific and meteorological instruments, and service systems. Its mission was cloud observation and IR temperature/humidity sounding, using a
Radiation Measurement Complex (RMk-2), Infrared Sounding Radiometer, Television Camera and Infrared
2564:
1720:
Retroreflector Array (RRA) Characteristics: The retro-reflector array consists of three corner cubes in a linear array with the two outer corner cubes pointing at 45-degree angles relative to the central cube. The central cube is made of fused silica and has a two-lobe
1570:
launch vehicle in the early 1980s. Between 1975 and 1993, 21 Meteor-2's were launched. They were flown in non-sun-synchronous polar orbits with altitudes between 850 and 950 km and inclinations of 81-82º. They weighed about 1,300 kg and had two solar arrays.
2136:. The Meteor-3 class of satellites orbit in a higher altitude than the Meteor-2 class of satellites thus providing more complete coverage of the Earth's surface. The Meteor-3 has the same payload as the Meteor-2 but also includes an advanced scanning
1632:
with 1st
Generation Upper Stage. It was an Earth Science/Weather satellite that gathered meteorological information and data on penetrating radiation fluxes in circumterrestrial space. It has since broken apart into multiple pieces of space debris.
1650:
Sounding
Radiometer, Television Camera and Infrared Instrument. It ceased operations on 14 November 1982. In March 2004, it experienced an event, or a series of events, that caused it to break into 8 pieces. The cause of this break-up is unknown.
1598:
with 1st
Generation Upper Stage. It was an earth science satellite that performed cloud observation and IR temperature/humidity sounding. It ceased operations on 6 July 1978. Since then, the satellite had broken up into several pieces of debris.
2522:
ILRS Mission
Support Status: Satellite laser ranging and PRARE data was used for precision orbit determination and intercomparison of the two techniques. ILRS tracking support of this satellite was discontinued on 11 November 1995.
1581:
Several of the satellites have begun to break up and create debris. #16 broke up in 1998 after a propulsion failure. #18 broke up the following year for unknown reasons. #4 broke up in March 2004. #17 broke up in June 2005.
1615:
with 1st
Generation Upper Stage. It has undergone several breakup events, the first before January 2005 and the last as recently as 2013 or 2014, resulting in 83 known pieces of which 60 were still on-orbit as of 2019.
1574:
The instruments consisted of three television-type (frame technique) VIS and IR scanners, a five-channel scanning radiometer and a radiometer (RMK-2) for measuring radiation flux densities in the near-Earth space.
1565:
The Meteor-2 series, based on the Meteor-1, was the second generation of Soviet meteorological satellites. They were launched into orbit at first by the Vostok-2M launch vehicle until that was replaced by the
3647:
Russian satellite lost after being set to launch from the wrong spaceport: Deputy prime minister admits programmers gave the US$ 45 million device coordinates for
Baikonur rather than Vostochny cosmodrome
3355:
1740:, another Russian satellite launched in 1994, has 2 corner cubes reflectors with near diffraction-limited FFDPs, which were specifically designed for the continuation of this experiment.
2511:, on 15 August 1991, Meteor-3 TOMS had a unique orbit that presents special problems for processing data. Meteor-3 TOMS began returning data in August 1991 and stopped in December 1994.
1667:
Instrument. It ceased operations on 25 September 1983. On 29 May 1999, it experienced a break-up event that caused it to break into 53 pieces. The cause of this break-up is unknown.
2632:
On 18 December 2019, image downlink from Meteor-M No.2-2 ceased. Tracking revealed the craft had suffered degradation in orbit with a 2 km (1.2 mi) decrease in perigee.
2644:
More Meteor-M satellites are currently being developed. Meteor-M No.2-3 was successfully launched on 27 June 2023, with three more satellites in various stages of development.
2120:
The Meteor-3 series was launched 7 times between 1984 and 1994 after a difficult and protracted development program that began in 1972. All the satellites were launched on
3835:
4700:
1689:(SLR) tracking support of this satellite was discontinued in October 1998. What makes Meteor-2-21 distinctive from the other meteorological satellites is its unique
3875:
3075:
84:
Unlike the United States, which has separate civilian and military weather satellites, the Soviet Union used a single weather satellite type for both purposes.
3870:
1733:
2549:
RetroReflector Array (RRA) Characteristics: The retro-reflector array is a box wing annulus with a diameter of 28 cm and has 24 corner cube reflectors.
1717:– that distance events that are simultaneous for one observer will not be simultaneous for another observer who is in motion relative to the first observer.
2057:
2019:
1981:
1943:
1898:
3865:
3860:
1860:
3855:
4617:
2963:"The Space Review: Diamonds and DORIANS: The Soviet Union's Almaz and the United States' Manned Orbiting Laboratory military space stations (part 3)"
2827:
2790:
2610:
56:. The Meteor satellite series was initially developed during the 1960s. The Meteor satellites were designed to monitor atmospheric and sea-surface
4690:
4526:
3905:
2648:
was successfully launched on 29 February 2024 at 05:43 UTC, while Meteor-M No.2-5 is scheduled to be launched later in 2024, and No.2-6 in 2025.
3695:
1578:
In addition to its regular payload, Meteor-2-21 carried a unique Fizeau Retro
Reflector Array (RRA) for Satellite Laser Ranging applications.
4715:
2207:
1506:
1470:
1433:
1397:
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1324:
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1252:
1216:
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1144:
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1000:
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2403:
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2247:
892:
856:
820:
784:
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712:
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467:
431:
395:
249:
213:
4710:
177:
141:
2499:) "summer" satellite while 2-21 was in operation for approximately the half-year centered on winter. The satellite carried the second
4583:
1741:
1737:
2641:
and orientation. By 25 December 2019, the satellite had resumed controlled flight, but the future of its mission remains uncertain.
2599:, was launched 8 July 2014 at 16:58:28 UTC from Baikonur by a Soyuz-2-1b/Fregat rocket. Its mission is scheduled to last 5 years.
3646:
4695:
3781:
3850:
3511:
3466:
2944:
2519:
The Meteor-3-6/PRARE satellite is the sixth in the
Russian Meteor-3 series of meteorological satellites launched in 1994.
4627:
3898:
4612:
3591:
3424:
3246:
3143:
4669:
2500:
2503:(TOMS) aloft as the first and the last American-built instrument to fly on a Soviet spacecraft. Launched from the
4632:
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3891:
4578:
45:
4118:
3845:
3020:
4605:
4178:
3381:
3312:
3270:
2877:
2840:
2803:
2748:
2711:
2455:
2416:
2377:
2338:
2299:
2260:
2220:
2069:
2031:
1993:
1955:
1910:
1872:
1790:
1516:
1480:
1443:
1407:
1371:
1334:
1298:
1262:
1226:
1190:
1154:
1118:
1082:
1046:
1010:
974:
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902:
866:
830:
794:
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722:
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614:
477:
441:
405:
369:
332:
295:
259:
223:
187:
151:
3657:
4705:
4490:
19:
This article is about satellites named "Meteor". For the process of satellites becoming meteors, see
1744:, a future SLR satellite, will verify indisputably the existence or otherwise of the Fizeau effect.
4664:
4142:
2673:
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2177:
2172:
1823:
1818:
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574:
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111:
106:
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4005:
3957:
1722:
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1612:
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4015:
2606:
was lost after a programming error; also lost were 18 smaller satellites from other nations.
3980:
3914:
3439:
2618:
1553:, also called "Meteor-Priroda-2", launched on 15 May 1976 by the USSR out of Plesetsk on a
552:
the Soviet Hydrometeorological Service. 31 satellites were launched between 1969 and 1981.
547:
Meteor-1 was a set of fully operational Russian meteorological satellite launched from the
3774:[The Meteor-M satellite will be launched into orbit on February 29, source says].
3566:
8:
4270:
4246:
3972:
3967:
3945:
3402:
3333:
3197:
2496:
1706:
1702:
1659:
1642:
1625:
1608:
1591:
548:
76:. Between 1964 and 1969, a total of eleven Soviet Union Meteor satellites were launched.
3483:
3443:
3100:
2609:
On 5 July 2019, the replacement satellite for the failed Meteor-M No.2-1 satellite, the
4640:
4573:
4223:
4152:
2916:
1714:
3803:
4600:
4590:
4452:
4297:
4209:
4157:
4126:
4047:
4025:
1710:
20:
4622:
4485:
4359:
4090:
4069:
4064:
4042:
3883:
3746:
3176:
3121:
2624:
3771:
3541:
2990:
4193:
4094:
3470:
2864:
2772:
2645:
2603:
1736:
seem to confirm the presence of the compensating influence of the Fizeau effect.
3622:
3222:
2962:
2148:
content. Meteorological data is transmitted to four primary sites in the former
1747:
Instrumentation: Meteor-2-21/Fizeau had the following instrumentation on board:
1356:
Cloud Observation. End of life - 1 Dec 1976. Derelict satellite as of 3/30/2023
4648:
4312:
4282:
4252:
4052:
3670:
3519:
3463:
2558:
1690:
3291:
4684:
4557:
4364:
4318:
3599:
2958:
2924:
2735:
2698:
2596:
2581:
1698:
3806:[Meteor-MP satellite spectrometer will provide twice as much data].
1705:
convection coefficient. SLR tracking of this satellite was used for precise
4276:
4264:
4110:
3962:
2149:
2141:
49:
4324:
3808:
3776:
3696:"На Российском спутнике METEOR M2-2 произошла нештатная ситуация | R4UAB"
2882:
2845:
2808:
2753:
2716:
2688:
2460:
2421:
2382:
2343:
2304:
2265:
2225:
2194:
2074:
2036:
1998:
1960:
1915:
1877:
1840:
1521:
1485:
1448:
1412:
1376:
1339:
1303:
1267:
1231:
1195:
1159:
1123:
1087:
1051:
1015:
979:
943:
907:
871:
835:
799:
763:
727:
691:
655:
619:
591:
482:
446:
410:
374:
337:
300:
264:
228:
192:
156:
128:
57:
3804:"Спектрометр спутника "Метеор-МП" будет давать в два раза больше данных"
2526:
Instrumentation: Meteor-3-6 has the following instrumentation on board:
2124:
rockets. These satellites provide weather information including data on
1778:
4516:
4478:
4473:
3950:
2137:
604:
359:
322:
285:
3354:
Anz-Meador, Phillip D.; Opiela, John N.; Shoots, Debra (4 July 2018).
4521:
4511:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4432:
4403:
4387:
3929:
3918:
3671:"Soyuz launches fresh Meteor weather watcher and 32 small satellites"
2637:
2508:
2129:
2121:
1663:
1567:
65:
3990:
3772:"Спутник "Метеор-М" запустят на орбиту 29 февраля, сообщил источник"
32:
4536:
4531:
4426:
4382:
4333:
2636:
was not able to identify any space object involved in a collision.
2585:
2504:
2133:
61:
3856:
NASA - Goddard Space Flight Center Scientific Visualization Studio
3720:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4369:
4339:
4303:
3658:
Soyuz 2-1B launch with Meteor-M ends in apparent Fregat-M failure
2683:
2589:
2188:
2113:
1834:
585:
122:
69:
4291:
4258:
4162:
3840:
2678:
2182:
2125:
1828:
1729:
1678:
is the twenty-first and last in the Meteor-2 series of Russian
579:
116:
73:
53:
24:
3747:"Soyuz launches a Meteor weather satellite and 42 hitchhikers"
4595:
4057:
2633:
2145:
2563:
1701:
who, in 1851, conducted an experiment which tested for the
1624:
Meteor 2-6 launched on 9 September 1980 by the USSR out of
16:
Series of weather observation satellites launched by Russia
2628:
Altitude of Meteor M2-2 showing the December 18th incident
1607:
Meteor 2-5 launched on 31 October 1979 by the USSR out of
4134:
4077:
2872:
2835:
2798:
2780:
2743:
2706:
2450:
2411:
2372:
2333:
2294:
2255:
2215:
2064:
2026:
1988:
1950:
1905:
1867:
1590:
Meteor 2-2 launched on 6 January 1977 by the USSR out of
1511:
1475:
1438:
1402:
1366:
1329:
1293:
1257:
1221:
1185:
1149:
1113:
1077:
1041:
1005:
969:
933:
897:
861:
825:
789:
753:
717:
681:
645:
609:
506:
472:
436:
400:
364:
327:
290:
254:
218:
182:
146:
1658:
Meteor 2-8 launched on 25 March 1982 by the USSR out of
1641:
Meteor 2-7 launched on May 14, 1981, by the USSR out of
3473:, Encyclopedia Astronautica, accessed 17 September 2013
3353:
2584:, was launched 17 September 2009 at 16:55:07 UTC from
3045:
3043:
3041:
3913:
3567:"Космодром "Плесецк" | Информационный бюллетень №27"
2906:
3425:"An 82o Inclination Debris Cloud Revealed by Radar"
3247:"An 82o Inclination Debris Cloud Revealed by Radar"
3144:"An 82o Inclination Debris Cloud Revealed by Radar"
3038:
3021:"Meteor - eoPortal Directory - Satellite Missions"
2927:, Russian geosynchronous meteorological satellites
2152:in conjunction with about 80 other smaller sites.
2140:with better spectral and spatial resolution and a
4618:Soviet space exploration history on Soviet stamps
3015:
3013:
3011:
4701:Earth observation satellites of the Soviet Union
4682:
3861:NASA International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS)
3651:
3422:
3223:"HISTORY OF ON-ORBIT SATELLITE FRAGMENTATIONS"
3008:
2985:
2983:
2947:, RIA Novosti on SpaceDaily.com, 28 March 2012
2592:-1b/Fregat rocket. Its mission ended in 2014.
2542:Precise Range and Range-Rate Equipment (PRARE)
3899:
3432:First International Orbital Debris Conference
3796:
3476:
3357:HISTORY OF ON-ORBIT SATELLITE FRAGMENTATIONS
3051:"П. А. Румянцев. Космическая система Метеор"
2956:
2945:Soviet Weather Satellite Falls in Antarctica
1713:. The Fizeau experiment tests the theory of
3640:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3141:
2980:
2242:launch failure, stage 3 failed to reignite
3906:
3892:
2950:
4584:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation
3160:
2784:
2623:
2562:
2107:
31:
4691:Weather satellites of the Soviet Union
4683:
2533:Visible light and infrared radiometers
3887:
3506:
3504:
3076:"Meteor 1-25 - Satellite Information"
4716:Spacecraft that broke apart in space
3784:from the original on 21 January 2024
1773:
1697:is derived from a French physicist,
4628:Monument to the Conquerors of Space
3744:
3668:
3620:
2602:On 27 November 2017, the launch of
2514:
87:
13:
4711:Derelict satellites orbiting Earth
4061:(incorporated into Salyut program)
3721:"О ситуации с КА "Метеор-М" № 2-2"
3501:
3423:Gates, D.; Anz-Meador, P. (2019).
2128:, ice and snow cover, atmospheric
14:
4727:
3828:
3621:Zak, Anatoly (15 November 2022).
1764:
4670:Russian Aerospace Defence Forces
3989:
2909:
2501:Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer
1777:
4633:Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics
3780:(in Russian). 20 January 2024.
3764:
3738:
3713:
3688:
3662:
3614:
3584:
3559:
3534:
3457:
3416:
3395:
3374:
3347:
3326:
3305:
3284:
3263:
3239:
3215:
3190:
1937:Use of Meteor-2 series platform
1854:Use of Meteor-1 series platform
3836:VNIIEM description of Meteor-M
3669:Zak, Anatoly (4 August 2022).
3135:
3114:
3093:
3068:
2938:
2580:The first Meteor-M satellite,
1670:
46:weather observation satellites
1:
4579:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
3745:Zak, Anatoly (27 June 2023).
2931:
2489:
1757:Radiation measurement complex
1754:Scanning infrared radiometers
1723:Far Field Diffraction Pattern
1685:ILRS Mission Support Status:
1653:
1636:
1619:
1602:
1585:
79:
36:Model of a Meteor-2 satellite
4696:Weather satellites of Russia
4119:Soviet crewed lunar programs
3871:NASA ILRS Meteor 2-21/Fizeau
3292:"Launches of September 1980"
2552:
2536:Scanning infrared radiometer
2507:, Russia, facility near the
72:conditions, snow-cover, and
7:
4179:International Space Station
2902:
2655:
2575:
2159:
2103:
1808:
1560:
559:
542:
96:
10:
4732:
3851:NOAA description of Meteor
3812:(in Russian). 19 July 2022
3142:Gates, D.; Anz-meador, P.
2556:
18:
4659:
4566:
4550:
4499:
4445:
4396:
4352:
4233:
4222:
4202:
4171:
4103:
4035:
4024:
3998:
3987:
3938:
3925:
2480:
2094:
1935:
1852:
1680:meteorological satellites
1541:
1465:meteorological satellite
533:
93:Meteor Prototype launches
4665:Space industry of Russia
3846:eoPortal Meteor overview
2112:Launch of Meteor-3 on a
1728:SLR full-rate data from
280:Technology demonstrator
244:Technology demonstrator
208:Technology demonstrator
172:Technology demonstrator
4187:Russian Orbital Segment
3596:www.russianspaceweb.com
3469:11 October 2011 at the
3403:"Satellite: Meteor-2-8"
3334:"Satellite: Meteor-2-7"
3198:"Satellite: Meteor 2-2"
3055:epizodsspace.airbase.ru
1770:Meteor-Priroda launches
1751:Scanning telephotometer
1687:Satellite Laser Ranging
3101:"Satellite: Meteor-P2"
3025:directory.eoportal.org
2629:
2595:The second satellite,
2568:
2144:for determining total
2117:
354:Launched as Meteor 6L
317:Launched as Meteor 5L
37:
3919:Russian space program
3623:"The Meteor-M series"
2627:
2566:
2111:
35:
3981:Vostochny Cosmodrome
3866:NASA ILRS Meteor 3-6
2619:Vostochny Cosmodrome
2617:) was launched from
2545:Retroreflector array
1760:Retroreflector array
4606:Veterok and Ugolyok
3973:Svobodny Cosmodrome
3968:Plesetsk Cosmodrome
3946:Baikonur Cosmodrome
3876:NASA ILRS Meteor 3M
3675:russianspaceweb.com
3627:russianspaceweb.com
3516:www.astronautix.com
3444:2019LPICo2109.6038G
3122:"Meteor-2 (11F632)"
2567:Meteor-3M satellite
2497:Northern Hemisphere
1707:orbit determination
4652:(1997 documentary)
4644:(1995 documentary)
4641:Out of the Present
4574:List of cosmonauts
4551:Images and artwork
4491:Deep Space Network
4138:(Mars/Venus flyby)
3592:"Meteor satellite"
3546:space.skyrocket.de
3542:"Meteor-3 (17F45)"
3522:on 26 October 2010
3488:space.skyrocket.de
2995:space.skyrocket.de
2961:(2 January 2024).
2917:Spaceflight portal
2630:
2569:
2530:Scanning TV-sensor
2118:
2058:Meteor-Priroda 2-4
2020:Meteor-Priroda 3-1
1982:Meteor-Priroda 2-3
1944:Meteor-Priroda 2-2
1899:Meteor-Priroda 2-1
1789:. You can help by
1715:special relativity
1676:Meteor-2-21/Fizeau
38:
4678:
4677:
4601:Belka and Strelka
4591:Soviet space dogs
4453:Sputnik programme
4441:
4440:
4374:
4329:
4308:
4287:
4218:
4217:
4183:
4139:
4131:
4123:
4115:
4087:
4074:
4062:
4026:Human spaceflight
3977:
3954:
2957:Hendrickx, Bart;
2900:
2899:
2707:17 September 2009
2652:Meteor-M launches
2487:
2486:
2156:Meteor-3 launches
2101:
2100:
1807:
1806:
1732:4, MOBLAS 7, and
1711:Fizeau experiment
1548:
1547:
1330:18 September 1975
556:Meteor-1 launches
540:
539:
21:atmospheric entry
4723:
4706:Satellite series
4623:Cosmonauts Alley
4486:Luch (satellite)
4372:
4344:
4327:
4306:
4285:
4231:
4230:
4181:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4085:
4072:
4060:
4033:
4032:
3993:
3975:
3948:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3885:
3884:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3800:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3742:
3736:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3666:
3660:
3655:
3649:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3633:
3618:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3602:on 10 April 2016
3598:. Archived from
3588:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3563:
3557:
3556:
3554:
3552:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3527:
3518:. Archived from
3508:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3484:"Meteor-Priroda"
3480:
3474:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3429:
3420:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3399:
3393:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3378:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3367:
3362:
3351:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3298:
3288:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3267:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3256:
3251:
3243:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3227:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3185:
3183:
3173:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3139:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3118:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3047:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3031:
3017:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2987:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2967:The Space Review
2954:
2948:
2942:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2874:
2873:29 February 2024
2837:
2800:
2782:
2781:27 November 2017
2745:
2708:
2656:
2515:Meteor-3-6/PRARE
2452:
2413:
2374:
2335:
2296:
2257:
2217:
2216:27 November 1984
2160:
2066:
2028:
1990:
1952:
1907:
1869:
1861:Meteor-Priroda 1
1809:
1802:
1799:
1781:
1774:
1693:array. The name
1513:
1477:
1440:
1404:
1368:
1367:25 December 1975
1331:
1295:
1259:
1258:17 December 1974
1223:
1187:
1151:
1115:
1079:
1043:
1007:
971:
935:
934:29 December 1971
899:
863:
827:
791:
755:
719:
683:
647:
611:
560:
508:
474:
438:
402:
366:
329:
328:28 February 1967
292:
256:
220:
219:17 December 1965
184:
183:26 February 1965
148:
97:
88:Meteor Prototype
48:launched by the
4731:
4730:
4726:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4681:
4680:
4679:
4674:
4655:
4562:
4558:Mission patches
4546:
4495:
4437:
4392:
4348:
4342:
4226:
4214:
4198:
4167:
4099:
4028:
4020:
3999:Launch vehicles
3994:
3985:
3934:
3921:
3912:
3882:
3831:
3826:
3825:
3815:
3813:
3802:
3801:
3797:
3787:
3785:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3755:
3753:
3751:RussianSpaceWeb
3743:
3739:
3729:
3727:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3679:
3677:
3667:
3663:
3656:
3652:
3645:
3641:
3631:
3629:
3619:
3615:
3605:
3603:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3571:www.plesetzk.ru
3565:
3564:
3560:
3550:
3548:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3510:
3509:
3502:
3492:
3490:
3482:
3481:
3477:
3471:Wayback Machine
3462:
3458:
3448:
3446:
3427:
3421:
3417:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3317:
3315:
3311:
3310:
3306:
3296:
3294:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3181:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3161:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3140:
3136:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3084:
3082:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3059:
3057:
3049:
3048:
3039:
3029:
3027:
3019:
3018:
3009:
2999:
2997:
2989:
2988:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2955:
2951:
2943:
2939:
2934:
2915:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2865:Meteor-M No.2-4
2828:Meteor-M No.2-3
2791:Meteor-M No.2-2
2785:Launch failure
2773:Meteor-M No.2-1
2646:Meteor-M No.2-4
2613:(also known as
2611:Meteor-M No.2-2
2604:Meteor-M No.2-1
2578:
2561:
2555:
2517:
2492:
2451:25 January 1994
2334:25 October 1989
2256:24 October 1985
2106:
2060:
2022:
1989:25 January 1979
1984:
1946:
1901:
1863:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1787:needs expansion
1767:
1673:
1656:
1639:
1622:
1605:
1588:
1563:
1476:16 October 1976
1222:28 October 1974
1042:27 October 1972
826:20 January 1971
790:15 October 1970
545:
529:Launch failure
507:1 February 1969
401:24 October 1967
90:
82:
44:spacecraft are
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4729:
4719:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4667:
4660:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4649:Mission to Mir
4645:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4613:Ivan Ivanovich
4610:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4598:
4588:
4587:
4586:
4576:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4554:
4552:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4503:
4501:
4497:
4496:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4449:
4447:
4446:Communications
4443:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4430:
4423:
4422:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4400:
4398:
4397:In development
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4367:
4362:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4337:
4331:
4322:
4316:
4313:Resurs-DK No.1
4310:
4301:
4295:
4289:
4283:Phobos program
4280:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4256:
4253:Luna programme
4250:
4244:
4237:
4235:
4228:
4220:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4206:
4204:
4203:In development
4200:
4199:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4175:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4122:(Moon landing)
4116:
4107:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4088:
4080:
4075:
4067:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4030:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4002:
4000:
3996:
3995:
3988:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3922:
3911:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3888:
3881:
3880:
3879:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3858:
3853:
3848:
3843:
3841:Sputnik server
3838:
3832:
3830:
3829:External links
3827:
3824:
3823:
3795:
3763:
3737:
3712:
3687:
3661:
3650:
3639:
3613:
3583:
3558:
3533:
3500:
3475:
3456:
3415:
3394:
3373:
3346:
3325:
3304:
3283:
3262:
3238:
3214:
3189:
3159:
3134:
3113:
3092:
3080:Heaven's Above
3067:
3037:
3007:
2979:
2959:Day, Dwayne A.
2949:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2921:
2920:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2577:
2574:
2559:Meteor-3M No.1
2557:Main article:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2516:
2513:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2466:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2445:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2412:15 August 1991
2409:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2158:
2157:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1940:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1838:
1832:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1813:
1805:
1804:
1784:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1765:Meteor-Priroda
1763:
1762:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1691:retroreflector
1672:
1669:
1655:
1652:
1638:
1635:
1621:
1618:
1604:
1601:
1587:
1584:
1562:
1559:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
996:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
977:
972:
967:
961:
960:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
941:
936:
931:
925:
924:
922:
919:
916:
913:
910:
905:
900:
895:
889:
888:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
869:
864:
859:
853:
852:
850:
847:
844:
841:
838:
833:
828:
823:
817:
816:
814:
811:
808:
805:
802:
797:
792:
787:
781:
780:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
761:
756:
751:
745:
744:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
725:
720:
715:
709:
708:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
689:
684:
679:
673:
672:
670:
667:
664:
661:
658:
653:
648:
646:6 October 1969
643:
637:
636:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
617:
612:
607:
601:
600:
597:
594:
589:
583:
577:
572:
567:
564:
558:
557:
544:
541:
538:
537:
531:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
504:
500:
499:
497:
494:
491:
488:
485:
480:
475:
470:
464:
463:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
444:
439:
434:
428:
427:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
408:
403:
398:
392:
391:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
372:
367:
362:
356:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
335:
330:
325:
319:
318:
315:
312:
309:
306:
303:
298:
293:
288:
282:
281:
278:
276:
273:
270:
267:
262:
257:
252:
246:
245:
242:
240:
237:
234:
231:
226:
221:
216:
210:
209:
206:
204:
201:
198:
195:
190:
185:
180:
174:
173:
170:
168:
165:
162:
159:
154:
149:
147:28 August 1964
144:
138:
137:
134:
131:
126:
120:
114:
109:
104:
101:
95:
94:
89:
86:
81:
78:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4728:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4651:
4650:
4646:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4592:
4589:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4556:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4507:Baikal-Angara
4505:
4504:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4455:(begun 1957)
4454:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4399:
4395:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4371:
4368:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4351:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4319:Koronas-Foton
4317:
4314:
4311:
4305:
4302:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4290:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4232:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4170:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4136:
4133:
4128:
4125:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3992:
3982:
3979:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3952:
3947:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3937:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3909:
3904:
3902:
3897:
3895:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3833:
3811:
3810:
3805:
3799:
3783:
3779:
3778:
3773:
3767:
3752:
3748:
3741:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3701:
3697:
3691:
3676:
3672:
3665:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3643:
3628:
3624:
3617:
3601:
3597:
3593:
3587:
3572:
3568:
3562:
3547:
3543:
3537:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3507:
3505:
3489:
3485:
3479:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3460:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3404:
3398:
3383:
3377:
3359:
3358:
3350:
3335:
3329:
3314:
3308:
3293:
3287:
3272:
3266:
3248:
3242:
3224:
3218:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3178:
3172:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3145:
3138:
3123:
3117:
3102:
3096:
3081:
3077:
3071:
3056:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3026:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3012:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2984:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2907:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2736:Meteor-M No.2
2734:
2733:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2699:Meteor-M No.1
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2605:
2600:
2598:
2597:Meteor-M No.2
2593:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2582:Meteor-M No.1
2573:
2565:
2560:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2398:
2395:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2373:24 April 1991
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2115:
2110:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2063:
2061:(Meteor-1 31)
2059:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2025:
2023:(Meteor-1 30)
2021:
2018:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1987:
1985:(Meteor-1 29)
1983:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1949:
1947:(Meteor-1 28)
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1904:
1902:(Meteor-1 25)
1900:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1866:
1864:(Meteor-1 18)
1862:
1859:
1858:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1788:
1785:This section
1783:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1699:Armand Fizeau
1696:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1544:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1186:24 April 1974
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1078:20 March 1973
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
970:30 March 1972
968:
966:
963:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
932:
930:
927:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
896:
894:
891:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
862:17 April 1971
860:
858:
855:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
824:
822:
819:
818:
815:
812:
809:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
788:
786:
783:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
752:
750:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
718:28 April 1970
716:
714:
711:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
682:17 March 1970
680:
678:
675:
674:
671:
668:
665:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
644:
642:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
610:26 March 1969
608:
606:
603:
602:
598:
595:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
565:
562:
561:
555:
554:
553:
550:
536:
532:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
505:
502:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
471:
469:
466:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
437:14 March 1968
435:
433:
430:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
365:27 April 1967
363:
361:
358:
357:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
326:
324:
321:
320:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
289:
287:
284:
283:
279:
277:
274:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
253:
251:
248:
247:
243:
241:
238:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
217:
215:
212:
211:
207:
205:
202:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
181:
179:
176:
175:
171:
169:
166:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
145:
143:
140:
139:
135:
132:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
92:
91:
85:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4647:
4639:
4425:
4377:
4277:Vega program
4265:Zond program
4114:(Moon flyby)
4111:Zond (7K-L1)
4070:Soyuz-Apollo
3963:Kapustin Yar
3939:Launch sites
3814:. Retrieved
3807:
3798:
3786:. Retrieved
3775:
3766:
3754:. Retrieved
3750:
3740:
3728:. Retrieved
3725:roscosmos.ru
3724:
3715:
3703:. Retrieved
3699:
3690:
3678:. Retrieved
3674:
3664:
3653:
3642:
3630:. Retrieved
3626:
3616:
3604:. Retrieved
3600:the original
3595:
3586:
3574:. Retrieved
3570:
3561:
3549:. Retrieved
3545:
3536:
3524:. Retrieved
3520:the original
3515:
3491:. Retrieved
3487:
3478:
3459:
3447:. Retrieved
3435:
3431:
3418:
3406:. Retrieved
3397:
3385:. Retrieved
3382:"Meteor 2-7"
3376:
3364:. Retrieved
3356:
3349:
3337:. Retrieved
3328:
3316:. Retrieved
3313:"Meteor 2-7"
3307:
3295:. Retrieved
3286:
3274:. Retrieved
3271:"Meteor 2-6"
3265:
3253:. Retrieved
3241:
3229:. Retrieved
3217:
3205:. Retrieved
3201:
3192:
3180:. Retrieved
3150:. Retrieved
3137:
3125:. Retrieved
3116:
3104:. Retrieved
3095:
3083:. Retrieved
3079:
3070:
3058:. Retrieved
3054:
3028:. Retrieved
3024:
2998:. Retrieved
2994:
2970:. Retrieved
2966:
2952:
2940:
2836:27 June 2023
2665:Launch date
2643:
2631:
2614:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2579:
2570:
2548:
2539:Ozone Mapper
2525:
2521:
2518:
2493:
2481:
2295:26 July 1988
2199:Period, min
2169:Launch date
2150:Soviet Union
2142:spectrometer
2119:
2095:
2065:10 July 1981
2027:18 June 1980
1951:29 June 1977
1936:
1853:
1845:Period, min
1815:Launch date
1795:
1791:adding to it
1786:
1746:
1727:
1719:
1694:
1684:
1675:
1674:
1657:
1640:
1623:
1606:
1589:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1564:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1512:5 April 1977
1403:7 April 1976
1294:1 April 1975
1150:5 March 1974
1006:30 June 1972
898:16 July 1971
754:23 June 1970
596:Period, min
566:Launch date
546:
534:
473:12 June 1968
291:25 June 1966
133:Period, min
103:Launch date
83:
58:temperatures
50:Soviet Union
41:
39:
29:
4336:(2011–2019)
4325:Fobos-Grunt
4315:(2006-2016)
4300:(1990-1992)
4294:(1989-1998)
4288:(1988-1989)
4279:(1984-1987)
4273:(1983-1991)
4267:(1964–1970)
4261:(1961–1985)
4255:(1958–1976)
4249:(1972–1996)
4243:(1961–1982)
4083:Shuttle–Mir
3958:Dombarovsky
3809:RIA Novosti
3777:RIA Novosti
3730:25 December
3705:23 December
3680:12 February
3632:12 February
3408:14 December
3366:14 December
3339:14 December
3318:14 December
3255:24 December
3231:24 December
3182:14 December
3152:26 November
3127:26 November
2799:5 July 2019
2744:8 July 2014
2689:Inclination
2615:Meteor M2-2
2482:References:
2208:Kosmos 1612
2195:Inclination
2096:References:
1906:15 May 1976
1868:9 July 1974
1841:Inclination
1671:Meteor-2-21
1551:Meteor-1-25
1543:References:
1507:Meteor-1 27
1471:Meteor-1 26
1439:14 May 1976
1434:Meteor-1 25
1398:Meteor-1 24
1362:Meteor-1 23
1325:Meteor-1 22
1289:Meteor-1 21
1253:Meteor-1 20
1217:Meteor-1 19
1181:Meteor-1 17
1145:Meteor-1 16
1114:29 May 1973
1109:Meteor-1 15
1073:Meteor-1 14
1037:Meteor-1 13
1001:Meteor-1 12
965:Meteor-1 11
929:Meteor-1 10
592:Inclination
535:References:
255:11 May 1966
129:Inclination
4685:Categories
4663:See also:
4517:Mars-Grunt
4479:Sputnik 99
4474:Sputnik 41
4130:(moonbase)
3951:Kazakhstan
3788:21 January
3512:"Meteor-3"
3449:18 January
3207:17 January
3177:"Meteor-2"
3106:24 January
3085:24 January
2991:"Meteor-1"
2932:References
2896:101.3 min
2859:101.1 min
2822:101.1 min
2767:101.3 min
2730:101.2 min
2659:Satellite
2490:Meteor-3-5
2443:Meteor-3 6
2404:Meteor-3 5
2365:Meteor-3 4
2326:Meteor-3 3
2287:Meteor-3 2
2248:Meteor-3 1
2163:Satellite
2138:radiometer
1812:Satellite
1798:April 2016
1654:Meteor 2-8
1647:Vostok 2-M
1637:Meteor 2-7
1630:Vostok 2-M
1620:Meteor-2-6
1613:Vostok 2-M
1603:Meteor-2-5
1596:Vostok 2-M
1586:Meteor-2-2
893:Meteor-1 9
857:Meteor-1 8
821:Meteor-1 7
785:Meteor-1 6
749:Meteor-1 5
713:Meteor-1 4
677:Meteor-1 3
641:Meteor-1 2
605:Meteor-1 1
563:Satellite
468:Kosmos 226
432:Kosmos 206
396:Kosmos 184
360:Kosmos 156
323:Kosmos 144
286:Kosmos 122
250:Kosmos 118
214:Kosmos 100
100:Satellite
80:Satellites
4522:Mercury-P
4512:Laplace-P
4469:Sputnik 3
4464:Sputnik 2
4459:Sputnik 1
4433:Spektr-UV
4404:Luna-Glob
4388:Spektr-RG
4365:Elektro–L
4104:Cancelled
3976:(defunct)
3930:Roscosmos
3387:1 January
2972:3 January
2925:Elektro–L
2878:2024-039A
2841:2023-091A
2804:2019-038A
2749:1985-100A
2712:2014-037A
2638:Roscosmos
2553:Meteor-3M
2509:White Sea
2456:1994-003A
2417:1991-056A
2378:1991-030A
2339:1989-086A
2300:1988-064A
2261:1985-100A
2221:1984-120A
2130:radiation
2122:Tsyklon-3
2116:-3 rocket
2070:1981-065A
2032:1980-051A
1994:1979-005A
1956:1977-057A
1911:1976-043A
1873:1974-052A
1664:Tsyklon-3
1568:Tsyklon-3
1555:Vostok-2M
1517:1977-024A
1481:1976-102A
1444:1976-043A
1408:1976-032A
1372:1975-124A
1335:1975-087A
1299:1975-023A
1263:1974-099A
1227:1974-083A
1191:1974-025A
1155:1974-011A
1119:1973-034A
1083:1972-085A
1047:1972-085A
1011:1972-049A
975:1972-022A
939:1971-120A
903:1971-059A
867:1971-031A
831:1971-003A
795:1970-085A
759:1970-047A
723:1970-037A
687:1970-019A
651:1969-084A
615:1969-029A
478:1968-049A
442:1968-019A
406:1967-102A
370:1967-039A
333:1967-018A
296:1966-057A
260:1966-038A
224:1965-106A
188:1965-014A
178:Kosmos 58
152:1964-053A
142:Kosmos 44
66:radiation
4537:Venera-D
4532:Spektr-M
4500:Concepts
4427:Kazachok
4383:Resurs-P
4378:Meteor-M
4343:(failed)
4334:Spektr-R
4328:(failed)
4307:(failed)
4286:(failed)
4227:programs
4029:programs
3816:1 August
3782:Archived
3700:r4uab.ru
3576:19 April
3551:19 April
3526:19 April
3467:Archived
3464:Meteor-2
3297:21 March
3276:21 March
2903:See also
2890:819.7 km
2887:830.4 km
2853:815.8 km
2850:823.1 km
2816:819.3 km
2813:819.6 km
2761:825.9 km
2758:833.0 km
2724:822.2 km
2721:824.9 km
2669:NSSDC ID
2586:Baikonur
2576:Meteor-M
2505:Plesetsk
2173:NSSDC ID
2134:humidity
2104:Meteor-3
1819:NSSDC ID
1734:Maidanak
1709:and the
1660:Plesetsk
1643:Plesetsk
1626:Plesetsk
1609:Plesetsk
1592:Plesetsk
1561:Meteor-2
570:NSSDC ID
549:Plesetsk
543:Meteor-1
107:NSSDC ID
62:humidity
4567:Related
4419:Luna 28
4414:Luna 27
4409:Luna 26
4373:(joint)
4370:ExoMars
4340:Luna 25
4304:Mars 96
4247:Prognoz
4224:Robotic
4182:(joint)
4091:Energia
4086:(joint)
4073:(joint)
4048:Voskhod
3756:28 June
3606:3 April
3493:5 April
3440:Bibcode
3060:4 April
3030:5 April
3000:4 April
2693:Period
2684:Perigee
2590:Soyuz-2
2189:Perigee
2114:Tsyklon
1835:Perigee
1742:WESTPAC
1738:Resur-1
586:Perigee
123:Perigee
70:sea ice
4360:Bion-M
4353:Active
4345:(2023)
4330:(2011)
4321:(2009)
4309:(1996)
4292:Granat
4271:Astron
4259:Venera
4172:Active
4163:Kliper
4148:Zvezda
4143:Spiral
4127:Zvezda
4053:Salyut
4043:Vostok
4011:Proton
4006:Angara
3915:Soviet
2679:Apogee
2474:109.40
2435:109.40
2432:82.57°
2429:1220.1
2426:1199.7
2396:109.50
2393:82.55°
2390:1229.0
2387:1190.0
2357:109.49
2354:82.57°
2351:1228.0
2348:1191.0
2318:109.42
2315:82.55°
2312:1221.9
2309:1198.2
2279:110.32
2276:82.53°
2273:1264.0
2270:1236.0
2236:82.61°
2233:1230.8
2183:Apogee
2126:clouds
1829:Apogee
1730:MOBLAS
1703:aether
1695:Fizeau
580:Apogee
311:65.14°
167:65.04°
117:Apogee
74:clouds
54:Russia
42:Meteor
25:meteor
4596:Laika
4542:Sfera
4527:OPSEK
4298:Gamma
4194:Soyuz
4153:Zarya
4095:Buran
4058:Almaz
4016:Soyuz
3438:: 2.
3428:(PDF)
3361:(PDF)
3250:(PDF)
3226:(PDF)
3202:OSCAR
3147:(PDF)
2893:98.6°
2883:59051
2856:98.7°
2846:57166
2819:98.8°
2809:44387
2764:98.4°
2754:40069
2727:98.6°
2717:35865
2634:NORAD
2588:by a
2461:22969
2422:21655
2383:21232
2344:20305
2305:19336
2266:16191
2239:98.15
2230:130.2
2226:15406
2202:Note
2191:, km
2185:, km
2146:ozone
2085:97.9°
2075:12585
2047:97.9°
2037:11848
2009:97.9°
1999:11251
1971:98.0°
1961:10113
1929:102.4
1926:81.2°
1916:08845
1891:102.6
1888:81.2°
1878:07363
1848:Note
1837:, km
1831:, km
1662:on a
1645:on a
1628:on a
1611:on a
1594:on a
1535:102.5
1532:81.3°
1522:09903
1499:102.5
1496:81.3°
1486:09481
1462:102.0
1459:81.3°
1449:08845
1426:102.3
1423:81.2°
1413:08799
1390:102.4
1387:81.2°
1377:08519
1353:102.3
1350:81.2°
1340:08293
1317:102.6
1314:81.2°
1304:07714
1281:102.4
1278:81.2°
1268:07574
1245:102.5
1242:81.2°
1232:07490
1209:102.6
1206:81.2°
1196:07274
1173:102.2
1170:81.2°
1160:07209
1137:102.5
1134:81.2°
1124:06659
1101:102.6
1098:81.2°
1088:06392
1065:102.6
1062:81.2°
1052:06256
1029:103.0
1026:81.2°
1016:06079
993:102.6
990:81.2°
980:05917
957:102.7
954:81.2°
944:05731
918:81.2°
908:05327
882:81.2°
872:05142
846:81.2°
836:04849
810:81.2°
800:04583
777:102.0
774:81.2°
764:04419
738:81.2°
728:04393
702:81.2°
692:04349
666:81.2°
656:04119
630:81.2°
620:03835
599:Note
588:, km
582:, km
493:81.2°
483:03282
457:81.2°
447:03150
421:81.2°
411:03010
385:81.2°
375:02762
348:81.2°
338:02695
314:97.12
301:02254
265:02168
229:01843
193:01907
157:00876
136:Note
125:, km
119:, km
4234:Past
4210:Orel
4158:MAKS
4036:Past
3949:(in
3917:and
3818:2022
3790:2024
3758:2023
3732:2019
3707:2019
3682:2023
3634:2023
3608:2016
3578:2016
3553:2016
3528:2016
3495:2016
3451:2023
3436:2109
3410:2022
3389:2023
3368:2022
3341:2022
3320:2022
3299:2023
3278:2023
3257:2022
3233:2022
3209:2023
3184:2022
3154:2022
3129:2022
3108:2023
3087:2023
3062:2016
3032:2016
3002:2016
2974:2024
2662:s/n
2468:1228
2465:1191
2166:s/n
2132:and
2088:97.6
2050:97.3
2012:97.4
1974:97.5
921:97.3
885:97.2
849:97.6
813:97.5
741:98.1
705:96.4
669:97.7
633:97.9
496:96.9
460:97.0
424:97.1
388:97.0
351:96.9
52:and
40:The
23:and
4135:TMK
4078:Mir
4065:TKS
2674:SCN
2471:82°
2178:SCN
2082:688
2079:611
2044:678
2041:589
2006:657
2003:628
1968:685
1965:602
1923:900
1920:866
1885:905
1882:877
1824:SCN
1793:.
1529:909
1526:869
1493:904
1490:871
1456:833
1453:890
1420:906
1417:863
1384:913
1381:857
1347:918
1344:867
1311:906
1308:877
1275:910
1272:861
1239:917
1236:855
1203:907
1200:877
1167:906
1164:853
1131:909
1128:867
1095:903
1092:882
1059:904
1056:893
1023:929
1020:897
987:903
984:878
951:905
948:880
915:650
912:618
879:646
876:620
843:767
840:630
807:674
804:633
771:906
768:863
735:736
732:637
699:643
696:555
663:690
660:630
627:713
624:644
575:SCN
490:650
487:603
454:630
451:630
418:635
415:635
382:630
379:630
345:625
342:625
308:657
305:683
275:65°
272:587
269:657
239:65°
236:630
233:658
203:65°
200:563
197:647
164:615
161:857
112:SCN
4687::
4241:DS
4093:/
4063:/
3749:.
3723:.
3698:.
3673:.
3625:.
3594:.
3569:.
3544:.
3514:.
3503:^
3486:.
3434:.
3430:.
3200:.
3162:^
3078:.
3053:.
3040:^
3023:.
3010:^
2993:.
2982:^
2965:.
2621:.
1682:.
68:,
64:,
60:,
3953:)
3907:e
3900:t
3893:v
3820:.
3792:.
3760:.
3734:.
3709:.
3684:.
3636:.
3610:.
3580:.
3555:.
3530:.
3497:.
3453:.
3442::
3412:.
3391:.
3370:.
3343:.
3322:.
3301:.
3280:.
3259:.
3235:.
3211:.
3186:.
3156:.
3131:.
3110:.
3089:.
3064:.
3034:.
3004:.
2976:.
2869:5
2832:5
2795:4
2777:3
2740:2
2703:1
2495:(
2447:7
2408:5
2369:6
2330:4
2291:3
2252:2
2212:1
1800:)
1796:(
526:—
523:—
520:—
517:—
514:—
511:—
503:—
27:.
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