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work began again to restore the buildings. The new museum was opened
September 25, 1944. The ruined guest cottage was restored in 1954. Beginning in 1957, the main house was rebuilt from the ground up; it was completed in 1960. In the 1960s. the old Sovkhoz was finally moved to another location, and its buildings demolished. The gardens were replanted with fruit trees and flowers as they were in Chekhov's time. Restoration and reconstruction work on the buildings of the estate was still continuing in 2011.
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126:. In his early years at Melikhovo, his study also served as his medical office, where he saw patients. Sick residents of the region began gathering outside the house from five to six o'clock in the morning. He kept medicines in a cabinet on the wall of his study for his patients. He was particularly busy during the cholera epidemic which struck Russia in 1892 and 1893; he was responsible for the medical care for 26 villages, seven factories, and a monastery in the region.
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242:"Chekhov did not like cut flowers. He loved and knew flowers like a real gardener. Not having his own children, he treated each flower as his child." His favorite flowers were Moscow peonies which were planted along the paths, but he also planted heliotrope, delfinium, chrysanthemums, aster. jonquils, and many other flowers. The aromas of his garden even entered into the plays he wrote at Melikhovo: in
174:"I am writing a play," Chekhov wrote to his friend Suvorin from Melikhovo in October 1896, "which I will finish no earlier than the end of November. I am not writing it without pleasure, although I am violating all the conventions of playwriting. It is a comedy, three female roles, six male roles, four acts, a landscape (a view over a lake), a lot of talking about literature, little action, and five
189:, observed: "On those days when I was a Melikhovo, it seemed that he spent all of his time with us. But sometimes during conversations or concerts he would vanish for a few minutes, not for very long, and then would return. It seems that he went to his study and wrote down a few lines, whatever had come into his head. This would happen often during the course of a day."
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and vegetables, including exotic varieties such as eggplant and artichokes. . Chekhov himself worked in the garden, planted ten fruit trees in his first year and ordered vegetable and flower seeds from catalogs. He took his visitors on tours of the garden, proudly showing them every tulip and rose.
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Chekhov also took a strong interest in education. He visited the local village schools, and found the conditions deplorable and the teachers underpaid and uninspired. One teacher he met, in the village of Talezh, a young man with a wife and four children raising a family on an income of 23 rubles a
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was in a state of ruin. Only in 1940 did an effort begin to protect and restore the property. A museum was opened in
January 1941, but closed a few months following the German invasion of the Soviet Union. Melikhovo was declared a state monument in June 1944, even as World War II was underway, and
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In the summer of 1894, Chekhov had constructed a small two-story guest cottage not far from the house, with a terrace overlooking the garden. The lower floor served as his new medical reception room, and the upper floor as a guest room and as a room for writing away from the noise of the main house.
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A small country house owned by
Nikolai Sorokhtin, a set decorator for the Hermitage summer garden theater in Moscow, was on the market. it was located in the small settlement of Melikhovo, which in 1890 had three country estates and a population of three hundred. The wooden house had been built in
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Chekhov was particularly proud of his garden, which surrounded his house and the cottage where he wrote. The garden was a joint project with his sister, Maria
Chekhova. Within three months of moving in, Chekhov and his sister had studied books of horticulture and planted flowers, fruit trees,
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island in 1891, Chekhov wrote in a letter: "If I am a doctor, then I need sick people and a hospital; if I am a writer, then I need to live among people, and not on Malaya
Dimotrovka ... I need a piece of social and political life,". Besides his desire to be a more active doctor, Chekhov wanted to
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The estate was nationalized by the
Bolsheviks in October 1918, and declared a site of historical and cultural importance, but little was done to protect the house and property. In 1927 Melikhovo became a Sovkhoz, or State collective farm named for Chekhov, and new agricultural buildings, garages
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In 1899, Melikhovo became the property of Baron
Nikolai Stuart, who used it as a summer house until the Russian Revolution. Only two pieces of Chekhov's belongings remained there; his grand piano and his writing desk. After the Revolution Baron Stuart was arrested and shot by the Bolsheviks.
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Chekhov was very sociable at
Melikhovo, enjoying the company of writers, artists, teachers, actors, and ordinary people. He enjoyed listening to music played on the grand piano in his house by his friend L.C. Mizonova. He enjoyed Tchaikovsky romances and gypsy songs, and he often would sing
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In description of his garden at
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The original fruit trees in
Chekhov's garden perished in the cold winters of 1941 and 1970, but a few linden and birch trees from Chekhov's time still remain, along with one Berlin poplar, where Chekhov's father sat with the farm workers shortly before his death in October 1898.
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When he was not entertaining his guests, Chekhov worked in his garden. he was also an avid fisherman, sitting at the edge of the ponds on the estate with his fishing pole. He also collected mushrooms in walks in the neighboring woods.
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Chekhov told another visitor, the writer Ivan Bunin, "In the morning it's necessary to drink not tea, but coffee, which is a wonderful thing. When I work, I limit myself to coffee and bouillon. Morning - coffee. Noon, bouillon."
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himself, but only church music; he had a good bass voice, and would sing the church music he had learned when he was young. In the evening he and his guests would sit in the parlor and play loto. The theater director
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the 1840s in the Russian neoclassical style, and Sorokhtin had remodeled it in a more picturesque style. Sorokhtin ran short of funds and in the beginning of 1892 he placed an advertisement in the newspaper
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As a writer, Chekhov did not seem to keep a strict schedule. When he had guests or was busy with his medical practice, he did very little writing at all. One regular guest at Melikhovo,
106:, and his father, Pavel Yegorovich Chekhov. He had his study and library with a desk by a window looking at the garden. His desk portraits of the writers and artists he most admired;
99:. Chekhov saw the advertisement, met with him on February 2, 1892, and purchased the house. The Chekhov family moved there on March 1, 1892, and Chekhov himself arrived on March 4.
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and grain silos were built a few meters from the Chekhov house. The main house was completely destroyed, with only a plaque marking its location. The cottage where Chekhov wrote
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246:, the writer Trigorin says, "When I smell heliotropes; I take a mental note; an excessively sweet smell, the color of widows. something I can use describing a summer night.".
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recalled, "Chekhov loved it when around him there was conversation and joy. He had a fine garden, with beautiful straight alleys, just like in
43:. Chekhov lived in the estate from March 1892 until August 1899, and it is where he wrote some of his most famous plays and stories, including
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Orlov, E.L., (Chief Editor), E.G. Avasharov, A.A. Zhuravlyova, E.D. Orlov, T.N. . Razumovskaya, K.A. Chaikhovskaya (writers),
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Collected Letters of Chekhov, volume 6, number 85, translation of lines by Yelena Volodina
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move to the country to improve his health, which had suffered from his trip to Sakhalin.
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in this house, and in 1896 he finished Uncle Vanya there. In 1898, upon his return from
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Actors perform a story from Chekhov on the veranda of his house at Melikhovo, June 2011
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Today the Melikhovo Estate museum resembles the estate as it was in Chekhov's time.
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Orlov, pg. 220, citing the memoirs of one of Stuart's friends, Feodor Chalyapin.
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Chekhov lived in the one-story main house with his mother, his sister,
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Gosudarstveniy Literaturno-Memorialniy Musey-Zapovednik A.P. Chekhova
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Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Moscow Oblast
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in the former country estate of the Russian playwright and writer
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Bedroom of Anton Chekhov in the main house of the Melikhovo estate
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From the memoirs of Mikhail Chekhov, cited in Orlov, pg. 190-191.
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146:, in France, he wrote a trilogy of three famous stories there:
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Tatyana Kupernik quoted in "The Spectator" 17/24 December 2011
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Memoirs of T.L. Schepkinoy-Kupernik, cited in Orlov, pg. 191.
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Chekhov letters, Volume 4, pg. 287 Translation by D. Siefkin.
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Museum A.P Chekhov "Melikhovo" at Google Cultural Institute
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Official site of the Melikhovo Estate Museum (in English)
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Chekhov was very proud of his vegetable and flower garden
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Recollection of I.N. Potapenko, cited in Orlov, pg. 130.
55:. The estate is about forty miles south of Moscow near
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disappears. All of a sudden, we have lots of space".
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month, probably inspired the character Medvedenko in
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566:, Act Two, Translation of line by D.R. Siefkin.
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365:Well and the cookhouse built by Chekhov in 1893
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624:. Melikhovo Publishing House, Moscow, 2010. (
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178:of love.". The play was
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1289:Gooseberries
1271:
1214:Novellas and
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1077:A Misfortune
1038:
1000:A Malefactor
993:The Huntsman
944:Fat and Thin
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730:(1886, 1902)
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156:Gooseberries
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1701: /
1554:(1893–1895)
1545:Non-fiction
1461:The Runaway
1387:The Darling
1359:In the Cart
1254:The Student
1049:The Requiem
893:Three Years
815:Uncle Vanya
807:The Seagull
767:The Wedding
564:The Seagull
265:The Seagull
244:The Seagull
212:The Seagull
208:The Seagull
180:The Seagull
140:The Seagull
132:The Seagull
108:Lev Tolstoy
73:The Seagull
52:Uncle Vanya
46:The Seagull
1716:Categories
1650:Wild Honey
1524:The Bishop
1296:About Love
1203:Ward No. 6
1179:Ward No. 6
1070:Easter Eve
869:The Steppe
152:About Love
1643:Fragments
1531:Betrothed
1503:Whitebrow
1482:Kashtanka
1468:The Siren
1454:First Aid
1126:Happiness
1056:The Witch
979:Small Fry
33:Ме́лихово
25:Melikhovo
1669:Category
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1338:Peasants
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1233:In Exile
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1007:Children
1002:" (1885)
995:" (1885)
988:" (1885)
986:The Fish
981:" (1885)
974:" (1885)
967:" (1884)
953:" (1884)
946:" (1883)
939:" (1883)
932:" (1883)
877:The Duel
861:Novellas
751:The Bear
735:Swansong
719:Platonov
88:Sakhalin
1689:37°39′E
1686:55°07′N
1560:Related
1496:The Bet
1352:At Home
1324:Ariadne
1307:Stories
1216:Stories
1095:Stories
965:Oysters
951:Surgery
901:My Life
57:Chekhov
35:) is a
29:Russian
1426:Grisha
1366:Ionych
1309:(1901)
1274:(1898)
1218:(1894)
1181:(1893)
1154:Sleepy
1139:(1890)
1097:(1888)
1063:Agafya
1041:(1887)
1021:Anyuta
1014:Misery
960:(1884)
922:(1886)
904:(1896)
896:(1895)
888:(1893)
880:(1891)
872:(1888)
853:(1884)
834:(1904)
826:(1901)
818:(1897)
810:(1896)
802:(1891)
794:(1890)
786:(1889)
778:(1889)
770:(1889)
762:(1889)
754:(1888)
746:(1887)
743:Ivanov
738:(1887)
722:(1881)
628:
154:, and
122:, and
1189:Gusev
1119:Vanka
842:Novel
711:Plays
176:poods
1475:Boys
1112:Mire
1084:Home
626:ISBN
144:Nice
49:and
214:."
150:,
134:.
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683:e
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27:(
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