33:
802:
275:, an actor, producer, and former student of the Moscow Art Theatre Studios who wanted Russia to once again be a major contender in the theatre world, took over control of the theatre and began to reform it. By the time he arrived to save it, the company was made up of only 150 actors, many of whom were out of practice. Yefremov began to reinstate Stanislavski's traditions, including emphasizing the importance of the studio and of the system, as well as interviewing every single candidate with special emphasis and attention placed on work ethic.
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completely quell the company's internal strife; Stanislavski appointed friends to the theatre's management without consulting
Nemirovich and opened studios attached to the theatre where he began to implement his acting system, cementing Nemirovich's fears that the theatre was becoming a mere extension of Stanislavski's own ideas and work. The tension between the two led Stanislavski to abandon his duties as a board member and to relinquish all his power over policy decisions.
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as well as talented. He made them live together in common housing for months at a time to foster community and trust, which he believed would raise the quality of their performances. Stanislavski's system, in which he trained actors via the acting studios he founded as part of the theatre, became central to every production the theatre put on. The system played a huge influence in the development of
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counter-revolutionary and that they served the
Communist cause. As Russia began a period of rapid industrialization, so too was the MAT encouraged to increase production at the expense of quality, with more and more hastily produced plays going up each season. Plays had to be officially approved, and the Theatre's artistic integrity started to decline.
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Their differences proved to be complementary, and they agreed to initially divide power over the theatre, with
Nemirovich in charge of the literary decisions and Stanislavski in charge of all production decisions. Stanislavski interviewed all his actors, making sure they were hard working and devoted
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At the end of the 19th-century, Stanislavski and
Nemirovich-Danchenko both wanted to reform Russian theatre to high-quality art that was available to the general public. They set about creating a private theatre over which they had total control (as opposed to trying to reform the government-operated
206:
Now in dire straits, the theatre decided to accept invitations to go on an international tour in 1906, which started in Berlin and included
Dresden, Frankfurt, Prague, and Vienna. The tour was a huge success, gaining the theatre international acclaim. However, the sudden change in fortune did not
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in 1928 led to his almost complete withdrawal from the theatre, while the
Stalinist climate began to suppress artistic expression and controlled more and more what could be performed. A "red director" was appointed to the management by the government to ensure that the MAT's activities were not
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The theatre was officially renamed The Gorky Moscow Art
Theatre in 1932. Desperate not to lose support, Stanislavski tried to appease Stalin by accepting his political limitations on what could be performed while retaining his devotion to naturalistic theatre. As a result, the mid-20th century
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Stanislavski and
Danchenko's initial goal of having an “open theatre,” one that anyone could afford to attend, was quickly destroyed when they could neither obtain adequate funding from private investors, nor from the Moscow City Council.
246:. Many actors became nationally known and admired thanks to their film roles. However, the Civil War saw many of the theatre's actors being cut off from Moscow, and the support it received from the government diminished under Lenin's
136:, a move which would have given them far less artistic freedom). On 22 June 1897, the two men met for the first time at the Slavyanski Bazar for a lunch that started at 2 PM and did not end until 8 AM the next morning.
218:, with an extensive repertoire of leading Russian and Western playwrights. Although several revolutionary groups saw it as an irrelevant marker of pre-revolutionary culture, the theatre was initially granted support by
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Victor
Manyukov, Vladimir Prokofyev, Angelina Stepanova, and Vasily Toporkov discuss the Moscow Art Theatre and working with Stanislavski at a 1964 Symposium in New York City
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250:. The subsidies it had come to rely on were withdrawn and the theatre was forced to survive on its own profits. By 1923, the MAT was in $ 25,000 debt.
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was also performed there during the 1920s. A significant number of Moscow Art
Theatre's actors were awarded the prestigious title of
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The theatre experienced further blows through the end of the 1930s. Stanislavski's heart attack onstage during a production of
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After Chekhov's death in 1904, the theatre experienced a huge changeover; Chekhov had envisioned fellow playwright and friend
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that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing
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Note: When more than one play is listed on the same line, it means that they were produced and performed together.
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In 2024 the Moscow Art Theater School is one of the leading Russian universities in the art of drama and more.
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as his successor as the Theatre's leading dramatist, but Nemirovich and Stanislavski's reaction to his play
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1427:. Trans. Michael Glenny. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1967. London: Collins-Harvill, 1986, 1991, 1996.
1351:Московский Художественный Театр, Государственное Издательство Изобразительного Искусства, Москва – 1955
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Interior of the "Old" MAT in Kamergersky Lane, originally Lianozov Theatre, as rebuilt in 1900-1903 by
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In 1987, the theatre split into two troupes: the Chekhov Moscow Art Theatre (artistic director
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The Chekhov Moscow Art Theatre today (Kamergersky Lane, exterior by Fyodor Schechtel).
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wrote several plays for the MAT and satirised the organisation mercilessly in his
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The Stanislavsky System of Acting: Legacy and Influence in Modern Performance.
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1390:. Revised edition. Original edition published in 1988. London: Methuen.
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88:. It was founded in 1898 by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner
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incarnation of the Moscow Art Theatre took a stylistic turn towards
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of 1917 and was one of the foremost state-supported theatres of the
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What follows is a full chronological list of MAT productions
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was unenthusiastic, causing Gorki to leave. He took with him
335:(artistic director since 1943 until his death in 1945) and
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Theatre Production Studies ser. London and NY: Routledge.
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Trans. and ed. Jean Benedetti. London: Routledge, 2008.
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The Director and the Stage: From Naturalism to Grotowski
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670:
List of productions directed by Konstantin Stanislavski
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Artistic council of the theatre (since 1949 until 1955)
339:(executive director since 1943 until his death in 1946)
282:) and the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre (artistic director
74:Московский Художественный академический театр (МХАТ)
203:, one of the theatre's main investors at the time.
1516:Official website of the Chekhov Moscow Art Theatre
268:, which would affect its productions for decades.
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1521:Official website of the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre
362:, and Vladimir Bogomolov (since 1955 until 1970)
222:, a frequent patron of the Art Theatre himself.
368:(since 1970 until the troupe was split in 1987)
156:The Theatre's first season included works by
115:in 1932. In 1987, the theatre split into two
78:Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr
92:, together with the playwright and director
681:Playwright Maurice Maeterlinck, whose play
210:The theatre continued to thrive after the
1616:1898 establishments in the Russian Empire
685:, made its worldwide debut at the theatre
1456:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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1401:Braun, Edward. 1982. "Stanislavsky and
1368:Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14:
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271:It was not until autumn of 1970 that
178:'s four major works, beginning with
1464:An Actor’s Work: A Student’s Diary.
1220:and A Feast in Time of Plague, by
325:(artistic director until 1934) and
317:, Saveli Sorine, in the US in 1923.
24:
1626:Art Nouveau architecture in Moscow
1152:and It Tears Where It is Thin, by
1096:Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man
123:and the Gorky Moscow Art Theatre.
96:. It was conceived as a venue for
25:
1642:
1540:, a 1917 article by N. Ostrovsky.
1538:"The Moscow Art Theatre: A Model"
1509:
436:(1938–1950, 1957–1985, 1994–2007)
372:
1454:The Russian Theatre After Stalin
1441:London and Boston: Faber, 1986.
174:, but it wasn't until it staged
1366:The Cambridge Guide to Theatre.
1073:At the Gate of the Kingdom, by
763:Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy
700:Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy
1388:Stanislavski: His Life and Art
1381:The Moscow Art Theatre Letters
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759:The Death of Ivan the Terrible
111:It was officially renamed the
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1:
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883:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
327:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
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94:Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
1425:Black Snow: Theatrical Novel
1234:The Village of Stepanchikovo
100:theatre, in contrast to the
7:
1601:Theatre companies in Russia
1452:Smeliansky, Anatoly. 1999.
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244:People's Artist of the USSR
84:) was a theatre company in
10:
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1527:Chekhov Moscow Art Theatre
1409:. London: Methuen. 59–76.
1364:Banham, Martin, ed. 1998.
1357:
1271:Studio Six Theater Company
1227:
1202:Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin
805:A Russian Stamp depicting
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121:Chekhov Moscow Art Theatre
1481:Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
1437:Magarshack, David. 1950.
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1460:Stanislavski, Constantin
1430:Gauss, Rebecca B. 1999.
1174:The Forced Marriage and
1058:The Government Inspector
807:The Government Inspector
113:Gorky Moscow Art Theatre
1494:The Moscow Art Theatre.
1434:. New York: Peter Lang.
1386:Benedetti, Jean. 1999.
1379:Benedetti, Jean. 1991.
1333:Magarshack (1950, 383).
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1192:The Mistress of the Inn
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323:Konstantin Stanislavski
307:Konstantin Stanislavski
90:Konstantin Stanislavski
1383:. New York: Routledge.
1105:The Brothers Karamazov
1080:A Month in the Country
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929:The Pillars of Society
833:An Enemy of the People
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714:The Merchant of Venice
696:Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich
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632:Anastasiya Vertinskaya
578:Innokenty Smoktunovsky
318:
163:Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich
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1572:55.76000°N 37.61333°E
1492:Worrall, Nick. 1996.
1439:Stanislavsky: A Life.
1200:Pasukhin's Death, by
1176:The Imaginary Invalid
1011:Aleksander Griboyedov
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904:The Power of Darkness
813:, which played at MAT
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680:
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106:Stanislavski's system
55:
40:with contribution by
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1631:Art Nouveau theatres
1611:19th-century theatre
1477:Whyman, Rose. 2008.
1013:(reproduced in 1914)
650:Yevgeny Yevstigneyev
518:Irina Miroshnichenko
458:Konstantin Khabensky
301:From left to right:
1568: /
1134:William Shakespeare
1100:Alexander Ostrovsky
1053:Maurice Maeterlinck
979:Children of the Sun
942:William Shakespeare
875:Michael Kramer, by
842:When We Dead Awaken
828:Alexander Ostrovsky
772:William Shakespeare
718:William Shakespeare
664:List of productions
464:Yevgeniya Khanayeva
398:Richard Boleslawski
248:New Economic Policy
172:William Shakespeare
1606:Theatres in Moscow
1596:Moscow Art Theatre
1577:55.76000; 37.61333
1262:MAT production of
1253:MAT production of
1238:Fyodor Dostoyevsky
1218:Mozart and Salieri
1109:Fyodor Dostoyevsky
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996:The Cherry Orchard
954:The Cherry Orchard
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794:Lonely People, by
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626:Yevgeny Vakhtangov
590:Angelina Stepanova
536:Vyacheslav Nevinny
512:Vsevolod Meyerhold
452:Alexander Kalyagin
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293:Artistic directors
212:October Revolution
180:its production of
62:Moscow Art Theatre
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18:Moscow Art Theater
1621:Tverskoy District
1548:The WNYC Archives
1487:978-0-521-88696-3
1472:978-0-415-42223-9
1421:Bulgakov, Mikhail
1342:Smeliansky (1999)
1222:Alexander Pushkin
1150:A Provincial Lady
1121:The Living Corpse
1037:Alexander Pushkin
881:In my Dreams, by
877:Gerhart Hauptmann
796:Gerhart Hauptmann
781:Gerhart Hauptmann
709:Gerhart Hauptmann
620:Natalya Tenyakova
608:Mikhail Tarkhanov
428:Sofya Giatsintova
416:Boris Dobronravov
266:Socialist Realism
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566:Vsevolod Sanayev
548:Alla Pokrovskaya
470:Nikolai Khmelyov
422:Tatiana Doronina
352:Viktor Stanitsyn
333:Nikolai Khmelyov
311:Feodor Chaliapin
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229:Theatrical Novel
224:Mikhail Bulgakov
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392:Yuri Bogatyryov
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380:Aleksey Batalov
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812:
811:Nikolai Gogol
808:
803:
797:
793:
791:
790:Anton Chekhov
787:
784:
782:
778:
775:
773:
769:
768:Twelfth Night
766:
764:
760:
757:
755:
751:
748:
746:
742:
741:
737:
736:
728:
727:Anton Chekhov
724:
721:
719:
715:
712:
710:
706:
703:
701:
697:
694:
693:
684:
683:The Blue Bird
679:
675:
671:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
644:Oleg Yefremov
642:
639:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
614:Akim Tamiroff
612:
609:
606:
603:
602:Alla Tarasova
600:
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591:
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582:
579:
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573:
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537:
534:
531:
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522:
519:
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507:
506:Boris Livanov
504:
501:
498:
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477:
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471:
468:
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459:
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441:
440:Alexey Gribov
438:
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423:
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417:
414:
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410:Aleksei Dikiy
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
377:
367:
366:Oleg Yefremov
364:
361:
357:
356:Boris Livanov
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
334:
331:
328:
324:
321:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
299:
290:
287:
285:
281:
280:Oleg Yefremov
276:
274:
273:Oleg Yefremov
269:
267:
261:
258:
257:
256:Three Sisters
251:
249:
245:
241:
240:
235:
231:
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225:
221:
217:
213:
208:
204:
202:
201:Savva Morozov
198:
197:
192:
187:
185:
183:
177:
176:Anton Chekhov
173:
169:
165:
164:
159:
149:
145:
143:
142:method acting
137:
135:
124:
122:
118:
114:
109:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
71:
67:
63:
54:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
1553:
1546:. Listen at
1493:
1478:
1463:
1453:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1406:
1387:
1380:
1365:
1347:
1338:
1329:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1297:Gauss (1999)
1293:
1284:
1263:
1254:
1242:
1163:Henrik Ibsen
1021:Henrik Ibsen
1007:Woe from Wit
933:Henrik Ibsen
871:Henrik Ibsen
846:Henrik Ibsen
837:Henrik Ibsen
754:Henrik Ibsen
750:Hedda Gabler
738:
673:
622:(since 1988)
596:Oleg Tabakov
560:Mark Prudkin
554:Andrei Popov
524:Ivan Moskvin
520:(since 1965)
482:Alisa Koonen
476:Olga Knipper
460:(since 2003)
434:Kira Golovko
337:Ivan Moskvin
303:Ivan Moskvin
288:
277:
270:
262:
254:
252:
237:
227:
216:Soviet Union
209:
205:
194:
188:
181:
168:Henrik Ibsen
161:
155:
146:
138:
134:Maly Theatre
130:
120:
112:
110:
98:naturalistic
81:
77:
65:
61:
59:
29:
1575: /
1255:The Seagull
1125:Leo Tolstoy
1075:Knut Hamsun
983:Maxim Gorky
917:Maxim Gorky
908:Leo Tolstoy
899:Maxim Gorky
786:Uncle Vanya
723:The Seagull
658:(1924–1986)
652:(1971–1988)
646:(1970–2000)
640:(1924–1976)
634:(1980–1989)
628:(1911–1919)
610:(1922–1948)
604:(1924–1973)
598:(1983–2018)
592:(1924–1987)
586:(1924–1976)
580:(1976–1994)
574:(1977–2011)
572:Iya Savvina
568:(1937–1943)
562:(1924–1987)
556:(1973–1983)
550:(2004–2019)
544:(2002–2020)
538:(1959–2009)
532:(1977–2013)
526:(1898–1946)
514:(1898–1902)
508:(1924–1970)
502:(1903–1943)
496:(1959–2007)
490:(1933–1980)
484:(1906–1913)
478:(1898–1950)
472:(1924–1945)
466:(1947–1987)
454:(1971–1991)
448:(1900–1948)
442:(1924–1974)
430:(1901–1924)
424:(1972–1987)
418:(1918–1949)
412:(1910–1928)
406:(1912–1928)
400:(1908–1914)
394:(1977–1989)
388:(1911–1924)
382:(1953–1957)
234:Isaac Babel
191:Maxim Gorki
182:The Seagull
1590:Categories
1563:37°36′48″E
1560:55°45′36″N
1529:'s channel
1277:References
668:See also:
196:Summerfolk
127:Beginnings
102:melodramas
46:Ivan Fomin
1266:(1911–12)
1159:Peer Gynt
745:Sophocles
1462:. 1938.
1423:. 1996.
1247:See also
994:Chekhovs
740:Antigone
616:(?–1927)
1533:YouTube
1403:Chekhov
1358:Sources
1228:1916–17
1180:Molière
184:in 1898
152:History
117:troupes
70:Russian
1500:
1485:
1470:
1445:
1413:
1394:
1372:
1264:Hamlet
1257:(1898)
1130:Hamlet
963:Ivanov
239:Sunset
170:, and
119:, the
86:Moscow
1236:, by
1194:, by
1161:, by
1132:, by
1123:, by
1107:, by
1098:, by
1082:, by
1051:, by
1035:, by
1019:, by
1017:Brand
1009:, by
965:, by
956:, by
940:, by
931:, by
915:, by
906:, by
897:, by
869:, by
860:, by
844:, by
835:, by
826:, by
809:, by
788:, by
779:, by
770:, by
761:, by
752:, by
743:, by
725:, by
716:, by
707:, by
698:, by
1498:ISBN
1483:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1411:ISBN
1392:ISBN
1370:ISBN
1208:1915
1186:1914
1169:1913
1140:1912
1115:1911
1090:1910
1068:1909
1043:1908
1027:1907
1001:1906
973:1905
948:1904
923:1903
889:1902
852:1901
818:1900
733:1899
690:1898
82:МHАТ
64:(or
60:The
44:and
1531:on
1405:".
1178:by
286:).
236:'s
166:),
66:MAT
1592::
1216:,
1148:,
1060:,
981:,
358:,
354:,
313:,
309:,
305:,
232:.
144:.
76:,
72::
68:;
1550:.
1504:.
1489:.
1474:.
1449:.
1417:.
1398:.
1376:.
160:(
80:(
48:.
20:)
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