211:. At the back of this room, on the North side, there are the three chapels. The first one, on the West side, is dedicated to Renenutet. She appears as the main deity at the back of the chapel. On the side walls are shown on the West side Sobek, and on the East side Renenutet. The second chapel was dedicated to Renenutet and Sobek. Renenutet appears on the West wall and on the back (North) wall, standing behind king Amenemhat III. The king is standing in front of Sobek, who also appears on the East wall in front of the same king. On the East wall appears Sobek again. The last chapel was again mainly dedicated to Renenutet. She appears on the West and on the back wall in front of Amenemhat III, while on the East wall Sobek is standing in front of a king.
245:
well preserved. The walls are still up to four meters high. The temple proper consists of a small courtyard with a chapel behind it. The chapel contains two naoi. In each of them was found the mummy of a crocodile. In front of the temple is a bigger courtyard and there are on both sides buildings. They were perhaps for economical use. North of the temple was excavated a vaulted chamber. The interior is divided into two parts by a stone wall. Attached to the wall there is a basin. In the basin where found more than thirty crocodile eggs. This might indicate that this vaulted room was once a nursery for crocodiles. The temple complex was in use till the Fourth century AD and then abounded.
237:
189:
28:
20:
228:
temple was dedicated to Isis-Thermouthis (Thermouthis is the Greek name for
Renenutet). The temple's decoration is unfinished. There are some figures carved as reliefs on the temple walls. Two badly preserved figures flanking the entrance. On the leftside of the facade was carved a sitting figure, that was never finished.
227:
Temple B was built at the back of temple A with the main entrance facing to the North. The plan of this building is similar to that of temple A. There is an open broad courtyard at the front. There follows a hall and at the back there are three chapels. The central chapel has a niche at the back. The
280:
In terms of content, the texts can be assigned to the milieu of priests and provide insights into various facets of their everyday life in the temple district: preserved are, for instance, notes on the calculation of personal horoscopes, school texts and a guide for archivists. Particularly personal
151:
placed a statue of himself into the temple. After the New
Kingdom the place was abandoned. People settled here again in Ptolemaic times. The Ptolemaic town was laid out on a grid pattern and is about 1000 × 600 m big. The main temples are in the Western part of the town. There is a long processional
203:
The reliefs in the first hall are not well preserved, but they include a scene showing a king and the goddess Seshat, founding the temple. Behind the entrance room there follows another one, that is also all around decorated with reliefs. On the South side there is a scene showing
Amenemhat III in
244:
Temple C was so called by the excavators. It was dedicated to the cult of two crocodile mummies. The temple complex was excavated from 1995 to 1999. The temple lies east of the
Renenutet temple with the main entrance facing the latter temple complex. It dates to the Ptolemaic Period and was found
176:
The dark sandstone inner part of the temple consists of a small papyrus-columned hall leading to a sanctuary comprising three chapels, each containing statues of deities. One column bears the name of
Amenemhat III, the other with the name of Amenemhat IV. Both naming also Renenutet. The central
214:
The
Ptolemaic parts of the temple comprise a paved processional way passing through an eight-columned kiosk leading to a portico and transverse vestibule. It has been suggested that the unusually good preservation of this temple complex, excavated by a team of archaeologists from the
292:(in the northern Faiyum). The draft was written on one of the ostraca that were found in the temple district. The text is thus an important document for understanding how temples cooperated with each other when there was a shortage of staff.
277:, Greek and Demotic-Greek script. In regard to the history of writing, these ostraca are thus evidence of how Coptic script developed from the Egyptian and Greek written languages.
288:
In the late second century AD, the priests of
Narmouthis drafted a petition to the authorities asking to be assisted in the performance of cult services by the priests from
273:, were found during archaeological excavations in 1938. The majority of notes on these ostraca date from the late second and early third centuries. They are written in
177:
chapel incorporated a large statue of
Renenutet, with Amenemhat III and Amenemhat IV standing on either side of her. In the inscriptions, the temple is simply called
261:(SCA). The temple's foundations, administrative buildings, granaries and residences were recently uncovered by an Egyptian archaeological expedition in early 2006.
84:(1855–1799 BC). It was later expanded and embellished during the Greco-Roman period. In the Middle Kingdom the town was called Dja, later the town was known as
160:
north east of the town. The fortress (50 × 50 m) is square with the main entrance in the South. At each corner there was a tower. Here was stationed the
281:
insights into life behind the temple walls are provided by a dossier of more than one hundred ostraca, on which the priest
Phatres compiled notes for a
529:
Rutherford, Ian C. (2010). "Bilingualism in Roman Egypt? Exploring the
Archive of Phatres of Narmuthis". In Evans, Titus V.; Obbink, Dirk D. (eds.).
164:. In Byzantine Times the population moved to the southern part of the town. Several churches were erected. The town was still occupied after the
513:
367:
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Primo (e secondo) rapporto degli scavi condotti dalla missione archeologica d'Egitto della R. Università di Milano nella zona di Madinet Maadi
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The Medinet Madi Library of Manichaean Codices at 90: Papers from the Symposium at the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin, 18-19 October 2019
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810:
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front of Renenutet. The latter is depicted as standing women with a snake head. Between both is shown in a much smaller scale the
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to the authorities. In these texts, he reports on corruption, cult-related misconduct, and disputes in the local temple college.
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143:, but not much is known about the town in this period apart from the well preserved temple. The temple still functioned in the
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Gottesdiener und Kamelzüchter: Das Alltags- und Sozialleben der Sobek-Priester im kaiserzeitlichen Fayum
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Gottesdiener und Kamelzüchter: Das Alltags- und Sozialleben der Sobek-Priester im kaiserzeitlichen Fayum
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Gottesdiener und Kamelzüchter: Das Alltags- und Sozialleben der Sobek-Priester im kaiserzeitlichen Fayum
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Medinet Madi is "the only intact temple still existing from the Middle Kingdom" according to
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Angiolo Menchetti, Rosario Pintaudi: "Ostraka greci e bilingui da Narmuthis (I)".
800:
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In a house on the temple district, thousands of inscribed potsherds, so-called
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Ostraca: A glimpse at the everyday life of the Egyptian priests of Medinet Madi
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771:
758:
193:
77:
236:
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81:
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way going north to South. The town never had walls. However under emperor
712:
Micah Ross: "An Introduction to the Horoscopic Ostraca of Medînet Mâdi".
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https://web.archive.org/web/20140227140432/http://www.medinetmadi.org/
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660:. Nag Hammadi and Manichaean Studies. Vol. 104. Leiden: Brill.
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Edda Bresciani, Ali Radwan, Antonio Giammarusti, Hisham el-Leithy:
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Edda Bresciani, Ali Radwan, Antonio Giammarusti, Hisham el-Leithy:
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texts were uncovered near Medinet Madi in 1929. Among them was the
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in the 1930s, may have been due simply to its relative seclusion.
27:
19:
157:
705:
R. Naumann, "Der Tempel des Mittleren Reiches in Medinet Madi",
533:. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 198–207.
61:
65:
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L'archaeologia urbana nel Fayoum id età ellenistica e romana
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Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten
654:
Beduhn, Jason D.; Dilley, Paul; Gardner, Iain (2023).
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Das christlich-koptische Agypten in arabischer Zeit
76:(a harvest deity) was founded during the reigns of
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31:Amenemhat III's cartouche at Medinet Maadi temple
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608:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. pp. 56–58, 67.
68:with the remains of a Greco-Roman town where a
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583:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. pp. 243–246.
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240:The main chapel of Temple C with the two naoi
168:, but was abandoned after the ninth century.
555:"Temple of Narmouthis: house of the ostraca"
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516:Egypt finds clue to ancient temple's secret
192:Scene on the East wall of the West chapel:
60:) in Arabic, is a site in the southwestern
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366:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
633:. Cambridge: James Clarke & Company.
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684:Edda Bresciani, Antonio Giammarusti:
257:, a former Secretary-General of the
16:Archaeological site in Faiyum, Egypt
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686:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
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494:Medinet Madi, Archaeological Guide
481:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
468:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
455:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
442:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
429:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
408:Medinet Madi, Archaeological Guide
395:I templi di Medinet Madi nel Fayum
103:'the ones of Renenutet'),
14:
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23:The ruins of Medinet Maadi temple
811:Former populated places in Egypt
352:Carsten Peust, Konstanz (2010).
721:The Dictionary of Ancient Egypt
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172:The Renenutet temple (temple A)
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259:Supreme Council of Antiquities
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719:Ian Shaw and Paul Nicholson,
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629:Robinson, James M. (2015).
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183:The living Renenutet of Dja
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531:The Language of the Papyri
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744:, 1935–6 (Milan, 1936–7).
604:Sippel, Benjamin (2020).
579:Sippel, Benjamin (2020).
714:Egitto e Vicinte Oriente
479:Bresciani, Giammarusti:
466:Bresciani, Giammarusti:
453:Bresciani, Giammarusti:
440:Bresciani, Giammarusti:
427:Bresciani, Giammarusti:
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356:. Göttingen. p. 69.
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46:), also known simply as
747:Medinet Madi website:
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181:. Renenutet is called
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559:Trismegistos Archives
337:Stefan, Timm (1988).
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72:of the cobra-goddess
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302:Medinet Madi library
139:the town was called
772:29.1931°N 30.6421°E
768: /
730:, Wiesbaden, 2020,
716:29 (2006), 147–180.
702:82 (2007), 227–280.
514:Middle East Times:
217:University of Milan
179:temple of Renenutet
162:Cohors IV Numidarum
816:Coptic settlements
740:Achille Vogliano,
700:Chronique d'Egypte
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316:that includes the
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156:there was built a
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736:978-3-447-11485-1
726:Benjamin Sippel,
667:978-90-04-53982-2
640:978-0-227-90389-6
615:978-3-447-11485-1
590:978-3-447-11485-1
540:978-0-19-923708-1
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94:ⲛⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩϯ, ⲛⲁⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ
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255:Zahi Hawass
145:New Kingdom
790:Categories
763:30°38′32″E
760:29°11′35″N
565:2021-02-27
314:Psalm-book
311:Manichaean
300:See also:
209:Neferuptah
154:Diocletian
105:Narmouthis
64:region of
44:مدينة ماضي
483:, 159-167
362:cite book
198:Renenutet
149:Merenptah
113:Ναρμουθις
74:Renenutet
470:, 96-102
283:petition
232:Temple C
223:Temple B
131:The town
86:Narmouti
504:, 44-47
457:, 91-95
418:, 14-15
397:, 31-39
275:Demotic
271:ostraca
196:before
158:castrum
147:. King
135:In the
117:Narmuda
101:
801:Faiyum
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307:Coptic
125:نرموده
121:Arabic
115:) and
90:Coptic
70:temple
62:Faiyum
40:Arabic
723:, 178
707:MDAIK
324:Notes
66:Egypt
52:Maadi
732:ISBN
690:ISBN
662:ISBN
635:ISBN
610:ISBN
585:ISBN
535:ISBN
498:ISBN
444:, 80
431:, 78
412:ISBN
368:link
99:lit.
80:and
57:ماضي
48:Madi
141:Dja
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50:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
