720:
pilot program was seen from program directors who did not see the relevance of the elective course and who were bounded by program training requirements limited by scheduling conflicts and inadequate time for non-clinical activities. But for students in one medical school study, those taught higher-intensity curriculum (vs lower-intensity) were "three to four times as likely to perceive themselves as appropriately trained in components of health care systems", and felt it did not take away from getting poorer training in other areas. Additionally, recruiting and retaining a diverse set of multidisciplinary instructors and policy or economic experts with sufficient knowledge and training may be limited at community-based programs or schools without health policy or public health departments or graduate programs. Remedies may include having online courses, off-site trips to the capitol or health foundations, or dedicated externships, but these have interactive, cost, and time constraints as well. Despite these limitations, several programs in both medical school and residency training have been pioneered.
408:(VLEs). Additionally, several medical schools have incorporated the use of blended learning combining the use of video, asynchronous, and in-person exercises. A landmark scoping review published in 2018 demonstrated that online teaching modalities are becoming increasingly prevalent in medical education, with associated high student satisfaction and improvement on knowledge tests. However, the use of evidence-based multimedia design principles in the development of online lectures was seldom reported, despite their known effectiveness in medical student contexts. To enhance variety in an online delivery environment, the use of serious games, which have previously shown benefit in medical education, can be incorporated to break the monotony of online-delivered lectures.
766:
38:
436:
415:). When compared to no intervention, simulation in medical education training is associated with positive effects on knowledge, skills, and behaviors and moderate effects for patient outcomes. However, data is inconsistent on the effectiveness of asynchronous online learning when compared to traditional in-person lectures. Furthermore, studies utilizing modern visualization technology (i.e. virtual and augmented reality) have shown great promise as means to supplement lesson content in physiological and anatomical education.
49:
334:
786:
8952:
7960:
6172:
5383:
7970:
7182:
6202:
6212:
427:), students learn to interact with and treat patients online, an increasingly important skill in medical education. In training, students and clinicians enter a "virtual patient room" in which they interact and share information with a simulated or real patient actors. Students are assessed based on professionalism, communication, medical history gathering, physical exam, and ability to make shared decisions with the patient actor.
129:
8962:
6192:
6182:
8940:
696:(housing, education, transportation, urban planning). A country's health care delivery system reflects its "underlying values, tolerances, expectations, and cultures of the societies they serve", and medical professionals stand in a unique position to influence opinion and policy of patients, healthcare administrators, & lawmakers.
264:. In order to maintain accreditation, medical schools are required to ensure that students meet a certain set of standards and competencies, defined by the accreditation committees. The "Function and Structure of a Medical School" article is a yearly published article from the LCME that defines 12 accreditation standards.
368:, a non-profit organization led by physicians with the goal of enhancing educational standards among physicians. The ACGME oversees all MD and DO residency programs in the United States. As of 2019, there were approximately 11,700 ACGME accredited residencies and fellowship programs in 181 specialties and subspecialties.
746:. Researchers and practitioners in this field are usually medical doctors or educationalists. Medical curricula vary between medical schools, and are constantly evolving in response to the need of medical students, as well as the resources available. Medical schools have been documented to utilize various forms of
644:
students encounter implicitly, but is not formally taught. While formal ethics courses are a requirement at schools such as those accredited by the LCME, gaps between these courses and the "hidden curriculum" throughout medical education are frequently raised as issues contributing to the culture of medicine.
700:
clinical practice, like any other core skill or competency. This source further recommends adopting a national standardized core health policy curriculum for medical schools and residencies in order to introduce a core foundation in this much needed area, focusing on four main domains of health care: (1)
777:(OSCEs) are widely utilized as a way to assess health science students' clinical abilities in a controlled setting. Although used in medical education programs throughout the world, the methodology for assessment may vary between programs and thus attempts to standardize the assessment have been made.
814:
Medical curriculum vary widely among medical schools and residency programs, but generally follow an evidence based medical education (EBME) approach. These evidence based approaches are published in medical journals. The list of peer-reviewed medical education journals includes, but is not limited
643:
Along with training individuals in the practice of medicine, medical education influences the norms and values of its participants (patients, families, etc.) This either occurs through explicit training in medical ethics, or covertly through a "hidden curriculum" –– a body of norms and values that
723:
Lastly, more national support and research will be needed to not only establish these programs but to evaluate how to both standardize and innovate the curriculum in a way that is flexible with the changing health care and policy landscape. In the United States, this will involve coordination with
719:
However limitations to implementing these health policy courses mainly include perceived time constraints from scheduling conflicts, the need for an interdisciplinary faculty team, and lack of research / funding to determine what curriculum design may best suit the program goals. Resistance in one
699:
In order to truly integrate health policy matters into physician and medical education, training should begin as early as possible – ideally during medical school or premedical coursework – to build "foundational knowledge and analytical skills" continued during residency and reinforced throughout
667:
As medical professional stakeholders in the field of health care (i.e. entities integrally involved in the health care system and affected by reform), the practice of medicine (i.e. diagnosing, treating, and monitoring disease) is directly affected by the ongoing changes in both national and local
458:
In the United
Kingdom, a typical medicine course at university is five years, or four years if the student already holds a degree. Among some institutions and for some students, it may be six years (including the selection of an intercalated BSc—taking one year—at some point after the pre-clinical
229:
There has been a proliferation of programmes that combine medical training with research (M.D./Ph.D.) or management programmes (M.D./ MBA), although this has been criticised because extended interruption to clinical study has been shown to have a detrimental effect on ultimate clinical knowledge.
360:
Further training in a particular field of medicine may be undertaken. In the U.S., further specialized training, completed after residency is referred to as "fellowship". In some jurisdictions, this is commenced immediately following completion of entry-level training, while other jurisdictions
805:
findings, and identify causes of death. With the integration of technology, traditional cadaver dissection has been debated regarding its effectiveness in medical education, but remains a large component of medical curriculum around the world. Didactic courses in cadaver dissection are commonly
651:
The hidden curriculum may include the use of unprofessional behaviours for efficiency or viewing the academic hierarchy as more important than the patient. In certain institutions, such as those with LCME accreditation, the requirement of "professionalism" may be additionally weaponized against
110:(commonly known as the 'OSCE) to assess clinical skills, and reliable checklist-based assessments to determine the development of soft skills such as professionalism. However, there is a persistence of ineffective instructional methods in medical education, such as the matching of teaching to
280:
program. EPAs are based on the integrated core competencies developed over the course of medical school training. Each EPA lists its key feature, associated competencies, and observed behaviors required for completion of that activity. The students progress through levels of understanding and
89:
Medical education is also the subject-didactic academic field of educating medical doctors at all levels, including entry-level, post-graduate, and continuing medical education. Specific requirements such as entrustable professional activities must be met before moving on in stages of medical
478:) program. U.S. medical schools are almost all four-year programs. Some students opt for the research-focused M.D./Ph.D. dual degree program, which is usually completed in 7–10 years. There are certain courses that are pre-requisite for being accepted to medical school, such as general
352:
Following completion of entry-level training, newly graduated doctors are often required to undertake a period of supervised practice before full registration is granted; this is most often of one-year duration and may be referred to as an "internship" or "provisional registration" or
371:
Education theory itself is becoming an integral part of postgraduate medical training. Formal qualifications in education are also becoming the norm for medical educators, such that there has been a rapid increase in the number of available graduate programs in medical education.
392:, conferences, and performance improvement activities in order to fulfill their requirements. Additionally, physicians are increasingly opting to pursue further graduate-level training in the formal study of medical education as a pathway for continuing professional development.
647:
The aims of medical ethics training are to give medical doctors the ability to recognise ethical issues, reason about them morally and legally when making clinical decisions, and be able to interact to obtain the information necessary to do so.
106:, through the development of evidence syntheses such as the Best Evidence Medical Education collection, formed in 1999, which aimed to "move from opinion-based education to evidence-based education". Common evidence-based techniques include the
675:
There is a growing call for health professional training programs to not only adopt more rigorous health policy education and leadership training, but to apply a broader lens to the concept of teaching and implementing health policy through
8913:
7515:
281:
capability, developing with decreasing need for direct supervision. Eventually students should be able to perform each activity independently, only requiring assistance in situations of unique or uncommon complexity.
7925:
509:(MBBS or BMed) as a first tertiary degree directly after secondary school graduation, or first complete a bachelor's degree (in general three years, usually in the medical sciences) and then apply for a four-year
8568:
218:(HSS) as the "third pillar" of medical education, alongside preclinical and clinical studies. HSS is a foundational platform and framework for the study and understanding of how care is delivered, how
728:(Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education), a private NPO that sets educational and training standards for U.S. residencies and fellowships that determines funding and ability to operate.
8746:
7935:
2189:
Cook DA, Hatala R, Brydges R, Zendejas B, Szostek JH, Wang AT, et al. (September 2011). "Technology-enhanced simulation for health professions education: a systematic review and meta-analysis".
8573:
4536:
Korf HW, Wicht H, Snipes RL, Timmermans JP, Paulsen F, Rune G, Baumgart-Vogt E (1 February 2008). "The dissection course - necessary and indispensable for teaching anatomy to medical students".
2893:
Shelton W, Campo-Engelstein L (2022). "Confronting the Hidden
Curriculum: A Four-Year Integrated Course in Ethics and Professionalism Grounded in Virtue Ethics". In Jones T, Pachucki K (eds.).
463:
degree (abbreviated MBChB, MBBS, MBBCh, BM, etc.). This is followed by two clinical foundation years afterward, namely F1 and F2, similar to internship training. Students register with the UK
4614:
86:
Medical education and training varies considerably across the world. Various teaching methodologies have been used in medical education, which is an active area of educational research.
42:
151:(mainly Australia, Philippines and North America). Some jurisdictions and universities provide both undergraduate entry programs and graduate entry programs (Australia, South Korea).
8563:
7541:
8796:
8741:
2164:
8736:
7930:
7584:
2373:"Virtualisation devices for student learning: Comparison between desktop-based (Oculus Rift) and mobile-based (Gear VR) virtual reality in medical and health science education"
467:
at the end of F1. At the end of F2, they may pursue further years of study. The system in
Australia is very similar, with registration by the Australian Medical Council (AMC).
8675:
8776:
8583:
539:
8771:
8751:
8578:
8277:
7899:
470:
In the U.S. and Canada, a potential medical student must first complete an undergraduate degree in any subject before applying to a graduate medical school to pursue an (
8588:
8282:
4431:
1752:
Cervero RM, Artino AR, Daley BJ, Durning SJ (2017). "Health
Professions Education Graduate Programs Are a Pathway to Strengthening Continuing Professional Development".
8548:
8533:
7571:
8330:
8262:
7884:
338:
4668:
Dunn MB, Jones C (March 2010). "Institutional logics and institutional pluralism: The contestation of care and science logics in medical education, 1967–2005".
8518:
7567:
7558:
7549:
385:
3646:
Beyer DC, Mohideen N (July 2008). "The role of physicians and medical organizations in the development, analysis, and implementation of health care policy".
3826:
7545:
725:
365:
680:
and social disparities that largely affect health and patient outcomes. Increased mortality and morbidity rates occur from birth to age 75, attributed to
3418:
Gee RE, Lockwood CJ (January 2013). "Medical education and health policy: what is important for me to know, how do I learn it, and what are the gaps?".
276:(AAMC) has recommended thirteen Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) that medical students should be expected to accomplish prior to beginning a
7285:
4490:
Tavares MA, Dinis-Machado J, Silva MC (1 May 2000). "Computer-based sessions in radiological anatomy: one year's experience in clinical anatomy".
8630:
4119:
411:
Research areas into online medical education include practical applications, including simulated patients and virtual medical records (see also:
4621:
2414:"Virtual Patient Simulations in Health Professions Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis by the Digital Health Education Collaboration"
4227:"Assessing Communication Skills of Medical Students in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE)--A Systematic Review of Rating Scales"
2707:
384:(CME) courses are required for continued licensing. CME requirements vary by state and by country. In the US, accreditation is overseen by the
8598:
8473:
5342:
1611:
147:. Depending on jurisdiction and university, these may be either undergraduate-entry (most of Europe, Asia, South America and Oceania), or
1942:"An Innovative Blended Preclinical Curriculum in Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics: Impact on Student Satisfaction and Performance"
5701:
3286:"Why might medical student empathy change throughout medical school? a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies"
2168:
999:"As in any crisis, the environment has evolved to accept substandard professional behavior in exchange for efficiency or productivity"
505:
In
Australia, there are two pathways to a medical degree. Students can choose to take a five- or six-year undergraduate medical degree
7430:
3853:"Systems-Based Training in Graduate Medical Education for Service Learning in the State Legislature in the United States: Pilot Study"
2754:"Analyzing the interaction of main components of hidden curriculum in medical education using interpretive structural modeling method"
8781:
8593:
7270:
6042:
970:
952:
774:
107:
3910:
513:
506:
273:
4775:
758:. The Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) publishes standard guidelines regarding goals of medical education, including
8523:
7874:
5641:
4982:
568:
7290:
544:
244:
1844:
Ellaway R, Masters K (June 2008). "AMEE Guide 32: e-Learning in medical education Part 1: Learning, teaching and assessment".
1709:
Ahmed K, Ashrafian H, Hanna GB, Darzi A, Athanasiou T (October 2009). "Assessment of specialists in cardiovascular practice".
1008:"In Coulehan's view, the hidden curriculum places the academic hierarchy—not the patient—at the center of medical education."
7849:
5267:
5208:
4922:
4873:
4854:
4827:
4764:
4716:
4658:
2910:
361:
require junior doctors to undertake generalist (unstreamed) training for a number of years before commencing specialization.
8107:
5941:
765:
607:
2805:"The hidden curriculum in undergraduate medical education: qualitative study of medical students' perceptions of teaching"
1315:
8413:
8037:
7894:
6248:
3137:"Do looks matter? The role of the Electronic Residency Application Service photograph in dermatology residency selection"
5165:
2969:"The role of hidden curriculum in the formation of professional ethics in Iranian medical students: A qualitative study"
1897:
Masters K, Ellaway R (June 2008). "e-Learning in medical education Guide 32 Part 2: Technology, management and design".
8463:
6077:
5419:
5170:
3941:
2555:
736:
Medical education is also the subject-didactic field of educating medical doctors at all levels, applying theories of
8903:
8786:
8645:
958:
851:
626:
133:
17:
2325:
8478:
8373:
5349:
1397:"Prolonged delays for research training in medical school are associated with poorer subsequent clinical knowledge"
612:
460:
8965:
8528:
8346:
8244:
8057:
6544:
6310:
5369:
5337:
2854:"Decoding the learning environment of medical education: a hidden curriculum perspective for faculty development"
2587:"Insomnia Telemedicine OSCE (TeleOSCE): A Simulated Standardized Patient Video-Visit Case for Clerkship Students"
2465:"Impact of weekly case-based tele-education on quality of care in a limited resource medical intensive care unit"
4090:
Kilkie S, Harris P (2019-11-01). "P25 Using simulation to assess the effectiveness of undergraduate education".
8483:
8305:
8082:
7684:
7305:
6195:
6067:
5501:
5078:
3562:"Why do Americans have shorter life expectancy and worse health than do people in other high-income countries?"
592:
582:
475:
4571:
Harden RM, Grant J, Buckley G, Hart IR (1 January 1999). "BEME Guide No. 1: Best
Evidence Medical Education".
4135:"An evaluative study of objective structured clinical examination (OSCE): students and examiners perspectives"
1371:
8756:
8708:
8665:
7588:
5315:
5300:
5038:
8320:
8272:
8169:
8164:
7889:
7794:
6451:
6047:
5290:
3373:
Schwartz RW, Pogge C (September 2000). "Physician leadership: essential skills in a changing environment".
3178:"Differences in words used to describe racial and gender groups in Medical Student Performance Evaluations"
907:
This is not a complete list of medical education journals. Each medical journal in this list has a varying
889:
405:
381:
1079:
Harden RM, Grant J, Buckley G, Hart IR (1999-01-01). "BEME Guide No. 1: Best
Evidence Medical Education".
712:(e.g. medical economics, medical decision making, comparative effectiveness, health disparities), and (4)
8731:
6735:
6289:
6284:
5691:
5320:
980:
827:
820:
742:
631:
602:
563:
558:
534:
31:
4391:"A comprehensive, unembalmed cadaver-based course in advanced emergency procedures for medical students"
3466:
Patel MS, Davis MM, Lypson ML (February 2011). "Advancing medical education by teaching health policy".
2728:
2277:"Efficacy of an asynchronous electronic curriculum in emergency medicine education in the United States"
2083:"Mobile Mixed Reality for Experiential Learning and Simulation in Medical and Health Sciences Education"
716:(e.g. history and consequences of major legislations; adverse events, medical errors, and malpractice).
8986:
8908:
8129:
7345:
6868:
6484:
6352:
6342:
5671:
885:
587:
401:
2636:"Simulating Interprofessional Geriatric Patient Care Using Telehealth: A Team-Based Learning Activity"
1122:
Daniels VJ, Pugh D (December 2018). "Twelve tips for developing an OSCE that measures what you want".
102:
specifically in the context of medical education. Medical education has been a leader in the field of
7844:
7809:
7764:
7580:
7455:
7445:
7250:
6920:
6830:
6815:
6564:
6100:
5364:
5310:
5093:
5033:
4915:
4651:
Becoming a physician: medical education in
Britain, France, Germany, and the United States, 1750-1945
3611:
Williams TR (July 2008). "A cultural and global perspective of United States health care economics".
1797:"Graduate Programs in Health Professions Education: Preparing Academic Leaders for Future Challenges"
447:
439:
249:
199:
4432:"Outcomes and satisfaction of two optional cadaveric dissection courses: A 3-year prospective study"
3387:
2412:
Kononowicz AA, Woodham LA, Edelbring S, Stathakarou N, Davies D, Saxena N, et al. (July 2019).
1858:
8817:
8655:
8558:
8468:
8418:
8378:
8229:
7734:
7729:
7624:
7616:
7460:
7350:
7280:
6780:
6369:
6315:
5892:
5814:
5809:
5729:
5489:
5359:
5223:
4962:
942:
529:
510:
103:
37:
4776:"Medical curriculum reform in North America, 1765 to the present: a cognitive science perspective"
704:(e.g. financing; payment; models of management; information technology; physician workforce), (2)
8553:
8543:
8398:
8199:
8159:
8139:
8119:
8022:
7854:
7829:
7744:
7724:
7674:
7644:
7634:
7520:
7440:
7405:
7390:
7375:
7330:
7265:
7135:
6775:
6509:
6394:
6241:
5872:
5846:
5258:
937:
597:
464:
4757:
Time to heal: American medical education from the turn of the century to the era of managed care
2683:
2463:
Kovacevic P, Dragic S, Kovacevic T, Momcicevic D, Festic E, Kashyap R, et al. (June 2019).
1479:
8880:
8825:
8625:
8538:
8453:
8428:
8310:
8134:
7940:
7819:
7814:
7694:
7395:
7142:
6825:
6820:
6459:
6429:
6424:
6409:
6384:
6325:
6320:
5464:
5412:
5295:
3382:
1853:
747:
215:
148:
4225:
Cömert M, Zill JM, Christalle E, Dirmaier J, Härter M, Scholl I (2016-03-31). Hills RK (ed.).
3686:"Teaching health policy to residents--three-year experience with a multi-specialty curriculum"
806:
offered by certified anatomists, scientists, and physicians with a background in the subject.
8870:
8860:
8845:
8640:
8503:
8438:
8408:
8383:
8315:
8214:
8209:
8184:
8042:
7834:
7789:
7769:
7759:
7659:
7495:
7470:
7320:
7315:
7295:
7260:
7245:
6810:
6790:
6629:
6534:
6504:
6404:
6379:
6115:
6001:
5974:
5947:
5899:
5853:
5548:
5284:
5185:
4113:
3578:
858:
80:
8300:
3776:"A pilot curriculum to integrate community health into internal medicine residency training"
3335:
Steinberg ML (July 2008). "Introduction: health policy and health care economics observed".
3284:
Howick J, Dudko M, Feng SN, Ahmed A, Alluri N, Nockels K, Winter R, Holland R (April 2023).
2852:
Hafler JP, Ownby AR, Thompson BM, Fasser CE, Grigsby K, Haidet P, et al. (April 2011).
8875:
8850:
8830:
8791:
8690:
8513:
8443:
8423:
8239:
8189:
8149:
8102:
8097:
8087:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8047:
8032:
8027:
8017:
8012:
8007:
8002:
7859:
7774:
7754:
7639:
7629:
7480:
7450:
7435:
7420:
7410:
7400:
7365:
7360:
7310:
7255:
7230:
7118:
7108:
6835:
6647:
6619:
6609:
6569:
6439:
6434:
6414:
6374:
6294:
6135:
6095:
5962:
5776:
5771:
5751:
5686:
5538:
5386:
5354:
5278:
4972:
4957:
4908:
4238:
3189:
2928:"Learning professionalism through hidden curriculum: Iranian medical students' perspective"
2326:"The effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality in health sciences and medical anatomy"
1616:. Vol. 19. Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. 2019. pp. 13–19.
947:
435:
354:
277:
76:
72:
60:
6858:
4043:"Simulation technology for skills training and competency assessment in medical education"
233:
8:
8891:
8855:
8835:
8766:
8685:
8458:
8448:
8393:
8388:
8325:
8267:
8234:
8224:
8204:
8194:
8179:
8174:
8154:
8124:
8092:
8077:
8052:
7988:
7914:
7904:
7839:
7804:
7739:
7719:
7709:
7669:
7654:
7649:
7490:
7485:
7425:
7380:
7340:
7235:
7216:
6930:
6842:
6795:
6745:
6693:
6688:
6667:
6589:
6499:
6479:
6469:
6359:
6215:
6157:
6140:
5799:
5516:
5262:
4430:
Pais D, Casal D, Mascarenhas-Lemos L, Barata P, Moxham BJ, Goyri-O'Neill J (March 2017).
3902:
751:
451:
219:
4726:
Holloway SW (1964). "Medical education in
England, 1830–1858: A sociological analysis".
4242:
3312:
3285:
3193:
8955:
8840:
8680:
8670:
8660:
8650:
8508:
8433:
8219:
8144:
8114:
7945:
7864:
7824:
7799:
7779:
7714:
7689:
7679:
7664:
7465:
7415:
7370:
7355:
7335:
7325:
7300:
7240:
6935:
6878:
6723:
6574:
6524:
6474:
6419:
6364:
6276:
6234:
6105:
6062:
6052:
5841:
5794:
5761:
5756:
5506:
5484:
5248:
5023:
4987:
4833:
4743:
4739:
4695:
4596:
4515:
4472:
4366:
4341:
4312:
4285:
4261:
4226:
4202:
4185:
4161:
4134:
4104:
4067:
4042:
4018:
3991:
3879:
3852:
3802:
3775:
3710:
3685:
3588:
3561:
3534:
3507:
3443:
3261:
3236:
3212:
3177:
3112:
3087:
3063:
3046:
2995:
2968:
2944:
2927:
2780:
2753:
2660:
2635:
2611:
2586:
2491:
2464:
2440:
2413:
2372:
2353:
2301:
2276:
2252:
2226:"Asynchronous vs didactic education: it's too early to throw in the towel on tradition"
2225:
2058:
2031:
2007:
1982:
1940:
Evans KH, Thompson AC, O'Brien C, Bryant M, Basaviah P, Prober C, Popat RA (May 2016).
1922:
1879:
1821:
1796:
1777:
1734:
1588:
1563:
1534:
1509:
1421:
1396:
1348:
1296:
1242:
1215:
1196:
1147:
1104:
1056:
1029:
655:
The hidden curriculum was recently shown to be a cause of reduction in medical student
471:
342:
214:. More recently, there have been significant efforts in the United States to integrate
3396:
2829:
2804:
2634:
Shortridge A, Steinheider B, Ciro C, Randall K, Costner-Lark A, Loving G (June 2016).
1267:"Edgar Dale's Pyramid of Learning in medical education: Further expansion of the myth"
8865:
8761:
8713:
8635:
8403:
7969:
7784:
7749:
7704:
7699:
7608:
7475:
7385:
7275:
7181:
7113:
6925:
6907:
6785:
6755:
6728:
6718:
6708:
6703:
6672:
6604:
6594:
6579:
6347:
6330:
6201:
6175:
6057:
6006:
5969:
5952:
5867:
5831:
5821:
5716:
5636:
5580:
5543:
5528:
5469:
5436:
5405:
5195:
5175:
5082:
4952:
4947:
4869:
4850:
4823:
4798:
4794:
4760:
4712:
4654:
4620:. Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). 2009. pp. 2–4. Archived from
4588:
4553:
4507:
4464:
4412:
4371:
4317:
4266:
4207:
4166:
4072:
4023:
3990:
Burgess A, Haq I, Bleasel J, Roberts C, Garsia R, Randal N, Mellis C (October 2019).
3937:
3884:
3807:
3756:
3715:
3663:
3628:
3593:
3539:
3483:
3435:
3400:
3352:
3317:
3266:
3217:
3158:
3117:
3068:
3000:
2949:
2906:
2875:
2834:
2785:
2665:
2616:
2537:
2496:
2445:
2394:
2345:
2306:
2257:
2206:
2145:
2104:
2063:
2012:
1963:
1914:
1871:
1826:
1769:
1726:
1691:
1650:
1593:
1539:
1426:
1353:
1335:
1300:
1288:
1247:
1188:
1139:
1096:
1061:
483:
191:
4837:
4699:
4519:
4476:
3659:
3624:
3447:
3348:
2571:
2357:
1926:
1883:
1781:
1738:
1200:
1151:
652:
trainees, with complaints about ethics and safety being labelled as unprofessional.
190:. The latter consists of teaching in the various areas of clinical medicine such as
7185:
7101:
7042:
6805:
6800:
6770:
6657:
6652:
6614:
6519:
6494:
6399:
6185:
5877:
5862:
5739:
5614:
5570:
5272:
5213:
5119:
4942:
4815:
4790:
4735:
4685:
4677:
4600:
4580:
4545:
4499:
4454:
4446:
4402:
4361:
4353:
4307:
4297:
4256:
4246:
4197:
4156:
4146:
4099:
4062:
4054:
4013:
4003:
3970:
3874:
3864:
3797:
3787:
3746:
3705:
3697:
3655:
3620:
3583:
3573:
3529:
3519:
3475:
3427:
3392:
3344:
3307:
3297:
3256:
3248:
3207:
3197:
3148:
3107:
3099:
3058:
2990:
2980:
2939:
2898:
2865:
2824:
2816:
2775:
2765:
2655:
2647:
2606:
2598:
2567:
2527:
2486:
2476:
2435:
2425:
2384:
2337:
2296:
2288:
2247:
2237:
2198:
2135:
2094:
2053:
2043:
2002:
1994:
1953:
1906:
1863:
1816:
1808:
1761:
1718:
1681:
1640:
1583:
1575:
1529:
1521:
1416:
1408:
1343:
1327:
1278:
1237:
1227:
1178:
1131:
1108:
1088:
1051:
1041:
1030:"Evidence based practice in postgraduate healthcare education: a systematic review"
965:
809:
708:(e.g. quality improvement indicators, measures, and outcomes; patient safety), (3)
499:
207:
3851:
Shah SH, Clark MD, Hu K, Shoener JA, Fogel J, Kling WC, Ronayne J (October 2017).
1135:
143:
Entry-level medical education programs are tertiary-level courses undertaken at a
6765:
6760:
6642:
6637:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6529:
6489:
6205:
6150:
6011:
5996:
5979:
5919:
5914:
5858:
5836:
5533:
5479:
5459:
5134:
5129:
5088:
5054:
4251:
3751:
3734:
3431:
3202:
2902:
2870:
2853:
2651:
2602:
1958:
1941:
1765:
1686:
1669:
1645:
1628:
1183:
1166:
975:
839:
793:
Medical schools and surgical residency programs may utilize cadavers to identify
111:
4549:
4286:"Evaluating the validity evidence of an OSCE: results from a new medical school"
1983:"Case-Based Asynchronous Interactive Modules in Undergraduate Medical Education"
8944:
6985:
6698:
6037:
5991:
5804:
5734:
5553:
5218:
5203:
5074:
4681:
3302:
2770:
2532:
2515:
155:
144:
123:
68:
48:
6863:
4503:
4407:
4390:
4302:
4058:
4008:
3975:
3958:
3792:
3701:
3103:
2481:
1910:
1867:
1812:
1722:
1525:
1412:
1232:
8980:
7963:
7060:
6662:
6599:
6464:
6337:
6120:
5909:
5904:
5766:
5706:
5609:
4992:
4977:
4967:
4342:"Cadaver Dissection Is Obsolete in Medical Training! A Misinterpreted Notion"
2985:
2820:
2514:
van
Houwelingen CT, Moerman AH, Ettema RG, Kort HS, Ten Cate O (April 2016).
2398:
2292:
2242:
2108:
1998:
1670:"AM last page. Overview of doctoral programs in health professions education"
1339:
925:
908:
677:
669:
267:
257:
223:
6873:
4389:
Tabas JA, Rosenson J, Price DD, Rohde D, Baird CH, Dhillon N (August 2005).
4133:
Majumder MA, Kumar A, Krishnamurthy K, Ojeh N, Adams OP, Sa B (2019-06-05).
3176:
Ross DA, Boatright D, Nunez-Smith M, Jordan A, Chekroud A, Moore EZ (2017).
1046:
400:
Medical education is increasingly utilizing online teaching, usually within
333:
63:
of being a medical practitioner, including the initial training to become a
6958:
6888:
6750:
6125:
6110:
5936:
5661:
5511:
5496:
5442:
5305:
5238:
5233:
5139:
5114:
5069:
4802:
4592:
4584:
4557:
4511:
4468:
4416:
4375:
4321:
4270:
4211:
4170:
4076:
4027:
3959:"Problem-Based Learning: An Overview of its Process and Impact on Learning"
3888:
3811:
3760:
3719:
3667:
3632:
3597:
3543:
3524:
3487:
3439:
3404:
3356:
3321:
3270:
3221:
3162:
3121:
3072:
3004:
2953:
2879:
2838:
2789:
2669:
2620:
2541:
2500:
2449:
2349:
2310:
2261:
2210:
2202:
2149:
2067:
2016:
1967:
1918:
1875:
1830:
1773:
1730:
1695:
1654:
1597:
1543:
1430:
1357:
1292:
1251:
1192:
1143:
1100:
1092:
1065:
389:
187:
179:
175:
6883:
4819:
3909:. The Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates. July 5, 2012.
3506:
Heiman HJ, Smith LL, McKool M, Mitchell DN, Roth Bayer C (December 2015).
1331:
789:
Medical student describes anatomical landmarks of a donated human cadaver.
7973:
6740:
5984:
5929:
5826:
5681:
5656:
5474:
4931:
4812:
The rise of the medical profession: a study of collective social mobility
4459:
4151:
3479:
2516:"Competencies required for nursing telehealth activities: A Delphi-study"
2224:
Jordan J, Jalali A, Clarke S, Dyne P, Spector T, Coates W (August 2013).
1579:
785:
491:
4747:
3869:
3153:
3136:
2275:
Wray A, Bennett K, Boysen-Osborn M, Wiechmann W, Toohey S (2017-12-11).
2099:
2082:
2048:
1629:"AM last page: master's degree in health professions education programs"
6713:
6072:
5957:
5924:
5696:
5646:
5631:
5626:
5619:
5604:
5594:
5149:
5109:
2389:
2140:
2123:
1283:
1266:
1167:"A blueprint to assess professionalism: results of a systematic review"
759:
755:
424:
412:
203:
195:
171:
4690:
4357:
2124:"Enhancing variety through gamified, interactive learning experiences"
1216:"The Learning Styles Neuromyth Is Still Thriving in Medical Education"
6951:
6514:
6257:
6145:
5887:
5882:
5746:
5724:
5599:
5563:
5144:
5028:
4450:
3252:
2411:
2341:
1795:
Artino AR, Cervero RM, DeZee KJ, Holmboe E, Durning SJ (April 2018).
802:
798:
479:
183:
64:
52:
Medical Student taking blood pressure during awareness campaign event
2032:"Online Lectures in Undergraduate Medical Education: Scoping Review"
2030:
Tang B, Coret A, Qureshi A, Barron H, Ayala AP, Law M (April 2018).
6389:
5651:
5428:
5064:
5018:
5008:
912:
737:
253:
137:
99:
43:
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City
4892:
2462:
2430:
915:
indicating how often it is used in scientific research and study.
6584:
6130:
5590:
5558:
5451:
5228:
5124:
5013:
3735:"Medical student perceptions of education in health care systems"
3512:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
3018:
2274:
1480:"Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency"
1447:
1213:
794:
656:
495:
487:
211:
167:
128:
27:
Education related to the practice of being a medical practitioner
4866:
American medical schools and the practice of medicine: A history
4429:
3934:
Curriculum Development for Medical Education-A Six Step Approach
2895:
The Medical/Health Humanities-Politics, Programs, and Pedagogies
2633:
2513:
810:
Medical curriculum and evidence-based medical education journals
731:
5059:
4284:
Yazbeck Karam V, Park YS, Tekian A, Youssef N (December 2018).
3774:
Catalanotti J, Popiel D, Johansson P, Talib Z (December 2013).
3773:
3047:"Viewpoint: learning professionalism: a view from the trenches"
346:
261:
4900:
4283:
4132:
3175:
2966:
2751:
2585:
Cantone RE, Palmer R, Dodson LG, Biagioli FE (December 2019).
1939:
3684:
Greysen SR, Wassermann T, Payne P, Mullan F (December 2009).
2897:. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 177–191.
1754:
The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions
932:
443:
234:
The LCME and the "Function and Structure of a Medical School"
158:. Traditionally initial medical education is divided between
6226:
4224:
3827:"This Med School Teaches Health Policy Along With The Pills"
3683:
3057:(11). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 1010–1014.
2324:
Moro C, Ĺ tromberga Z, Raikos A, Stirling A (November 2017).
2323:
692:(poverty, inequality, racial disparities, segregation), and
366:
Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
364:
Each residency and fellowship program is accredited by the
5397:
3237:"Resculpting Professionalism for Equity and Accountability"
2584:
166:
studies. The former consists of the basic sciences such as
3235:
Cerdeña JP, Asabor EN, Rendell S, Okolo T, Lett E (2022).
2752:
Sarikhani Y, Shojaei P, Rafiee M, Delavari S (June 2020).
1214:
Newton PM, Najabat-Lattif HF, Santiago G, Salvi A (2021).
502:, labwork, etc. The specific requirements vary by school.
268:
Entrustable Professional Activities for entering residency
4535:
4489:
3505:
3234:
2925:
2851:
2188:
2080:
1794:
1751:
897:
Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions
30:"Academic Medicine" redirects here. For the journal, see
3989:
3907:
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education
2281:
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions
2167:. Regents of the University of Minnesota. Archived from
1708:
4388:
3134:
2892:
1510:"Nuts and bolts of entrustable professional activities"
1395:
Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Natt N, Rohren CH (August 2007).
870:
Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development
740:
in the medical context, with its own journals, such as
430:
4570:
2370:
2223:
2081:
Birt J, Stromberga Z, Cowling M, Moro C (2018-01-31).
2029:
1394:
1078:
769:
Air National Guard Base training in medical simulation
388:(ACCME). Physicians often attend dedicated lectures,
386:
Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education
93:
4040:
2967:
Safari Y, Khatony A, Khodamoradi E, Rezaei M (2020).
2165:"Minnesota Virtual Clinic Medical Education Software"
1980:
3992:"Team-based learning (TBL): a community of practice"
3508:"Health Policy Training: A Review of the Literature"
3283:
2729:"Navigating the hidden curriculum in medical school"
418:
226:can improve patient care and health care delivery.
4847:
Disease, medicine and society in England, 1550–1860
4041:Scalese RJ, Obeso VT, Issenberg SB (January 2008).
3019:"Standards, Publications, & Notification Forms"
1448:"Standards, Publications, & Notification Forms"
1027:
3850:
3135:Corcimaru A, Morrell MC, Morrell DS (April 2018).
1164:
688:(smoking, diet, exercise, drugs, risky behavior),
3088:"Professionalism Framings Across Medical Schools"
2932:Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine
1564:"A primer on entrustable professional activities"
662:
8978:
3733:Patel MS, Lypson ML, Davis MM (September 2009).
3732:
3465:
2926:Azmand S, Ebrahimi S, Iman M, Asemani O (2018).
1314:Fred, Herbert L.; Gonzalo, Jed D. (2018-06-01).
222:work together to deliver that care, and how the
4190:Journal of the West African College of Surgeons
4092:BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning
3559:
3044:
2710:. Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS)
2371:Moro C, Ĺ tromberga Z, Stirling A (2017-11-29).
1981:Villatoro T, Lackritz K, Chan JS (2019-01-01).
375:
8810:
8360:
2377:Australasian Journal of Educational Technology
2121:
1896:
1843:
284:The list of topics that EPAs address include:
6242:
5413:
4916:
3936:. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 9.
3645:
3372:
3040:
3038:
2708:"Pathways through specialty medical training"
1890:
732:Medical education as a subject-didactic field
8915:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4089:
1837:
1667:
1626:
1165:Wilkinson TJ, Wade WB, Knock LD (May 2009).
659:as they progress throughout medical school.
75:) and additional training thereafter (e.g.,
4773:
4118:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2024 (
3417:
1313:
1121:
1021:
6249:
6235:
5702:Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
5420:
5406:
4923:
4909:
4849:. Cambridge Oxford University Press, Inc.
4809:
4186:"Osce: Design, Development and Deployment"
4183:
4139:Advances in Medical Education and Practice
3085:
3035:
2802:
993:
775:objective structured clinical examinations
6043:Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery
4863:
4689:
4667:
4538:Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger
4458:
4406:
4365:
4311:
4301:
4260:
4250:
4201:
4160:
4150:
4103:
4066:
4017:
4007:
3974:
3878:
3868:
3801:
3791:
3750:
3709:
3587:
3577:
3533:
3523:
3386:
3334:
3311:
3301:
3260:
3211:
3201:
3152:
3111:
3062:
3045:Brainard AH, Brislen HC (November 2007).
2994:
2984:
2973:Journal of Education and Health Promotion
2943:
2869:
2828:
2779:
2769:
2659:
2610:
2531:
2490:
2480:
2439:
2429:
2388:
2300:
2251:
2241:
2139:
2098:
2057:
2047:
2006:
1957:
1857:
1820:
1685:
1644:
1587:
1533:
1420:
1347:
1282:
1241:
1231:
1182:
1055:
1045:
1002:
971:Validation of foreign studies and degrees
953:Objective Structured Clinical Examination
459:studies). All programs culminate in the
328:
154:In general, initial training is taken at
108:Objective structured clinical examination
8612:
4754:
4725:
4709:The DOs: osteopathic medicine in America
3610:
3579:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182411
1507:
1372:"Health Systems Science - 9780323694629"
1028:Flores-Mateo G, Argimon JM (July 2007).
929:(an occasional series on BBC television)
846:Open access medical education journals:
784:
764:
514:Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery
507:Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery
446:, the primary teaching hospital for the
434:
332:
303:Oral presentations of patient encounters
274:Association of American Medical Colleges
127:
117:
47:
36:
7987:
7215:
7204:
4759:. Oxford Oxford University Press, Inc.
1264:
762:design, implementation, and evaluation.
569:Medical education in the United Kingdom
14:
8979:
4844:
4706:
4648:
3956:
3931:
3824:
2122:Moro C, Stromberga Z (December 2020).
1668:Tekian A, Artino AR (September 2014).
1627:Tekian A, Artino AR (September 2013).
1557:
1555:
1553:
545:Medical education in the United States
240:Liaison Committee on Medical Education
98:Medical education applies theories of
8809:
8611:
8359:
7986:
7607:
7606:
7214:
7203:
6905:
6268:
6230:
5401:
5268:Artificial intelligence in healthcare
4904:
4531:
4529:
4339:
4335:
4333:
4331:
3780:Journal of Graduate Medical Education
3679:
3677:
3555:
3553:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3368:
3366:
1801:Journal of Graduate Medical Education
1514:Journal of Graduate Medical Education
1503:
1501:
1499:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1442:
1440:
902:Journal of Graduate Medical Education
780:
690:socioeconomic and demographic factors
684:(insurance access, quality of care),
423:With the advent of telemedicine (aka
309:Patient handovers/transitions of care
114:and Edgar Dales' "Cone of Learning".
83:, and continuing medical education).
6181:
5942:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
4047:Journal of General Internal Medicine
3690:Journal of General Internal Medicine
3560:Avendano M, Kawachi I (2014-01-01).
3092:Journal of General Internal Medicine
2418:Journal of Medical Internet Research
1561:
1401:Journal of General Internal Medicine
986:
834:Advances in Health Science Education
608:Medical education in the Philippines
431:Medical education systems by country
8961:
6191:
4897:of the Academy of Medical Educators
3468:The New England Journal of Medicine
2162:
1568:Korean Journal of Medical Education
1550:
638:
306:Clinical questioning/using evidence
94:Common techniques and evidence base
41:Medical student in a laboratory at
24:
6078:Medical Scientist Training Program
5343:reform debate in the United States
4740:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1964.tb01104.x
4641:
4526:
4328:
4105:10.1136/bmjstel-2019-aspihconf.130
3913:from the original on July 28, 2012
3674:
3550:
3494:
3454:
3363:
3064:10.1097/01.acm.0000285343.95826.94
1496:
1466:
1437:
943:List of medical education agencies
395:
25:
8998:
5370:(Category Health care by country)
4884:
2803:Lempp H, Seale C (October 2004).
959:Perspectives on Medical Education
852:Perspectives on Medical Education
627:Medical education in South Africa
419:Telemedicine/telehealth education
134:Comenius University in Bratislava
61:education related to the practice
8960:
8951:
8950:
8938:
8474:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
7968:
7959:
7958:
7516:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
7286:Democratic Republic of the Congo
7180:
6210:
6200:
6190:
6180:
6171:
6170:
5382:
5381:
4868:. Oxford University Press, Inc.
4795:10.1097/00001888-199902000-00015
4670:Administrative Science Quarterly
801:, perform procedures, correlate
613:Medical education in South Korea
461:Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery
288:History and physical exam skills
6211:
4930:
4607:
4564:
4492:Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy
4483:
4423:
4382:
4346:Medical Principles and Practice
4277:
4218:
4177:
4126:
4083:
4034:
3983:
3950:
3925:
3895:
3844:
3840:– via Kaiser Health News.
3818:
3767:
3726:
3660:10.1016/j.semradonc.2008.01.006
3639:
3625:10.1016/j.semradonc.2008.01.005
3604:
3411:
3349:10.1016/j.semradonc.2008.01.001
3328:
3277:
3228:
3169:
3128:
3079:
3011:
2960:
2919:
2886:
2845:
2796:
2745:
2721:
2700:
2676:
2627:
2578:
2572:10.1163/2210-7975_hrd-1758-0046
2548:
2507:
2456:
2405:
2364:
2317:
2268:
2217:
2182:
2156:
2115:
2074:
2023:
1974:
1933:
1788:
1745:
1702:
1661:
1620:
1604:
1220:Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
880:MediUnite and MediUnite Journal
300:Patient encounter documentation
8631:Federated States of Micronesia
7926:British Indian Ocean Territory
6068:Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
5502:Oral and maxillofacial surgery
5079:Academic health science centre
3648:Seminars in Radiation Oncology
3613:Seminars in Radiation Oncology
3566:Annual Review of Public Health
3337:Seminars in Radiation Oncology
1388:
1364:
1307:
1258:
1207:
1158:
1115:
1072:
663:Integration with health policy
593:Medical education in Hong Kong
583:Medical education in Australia
13:
1:
6256:
5316:Health information management
5301:health information technology
5039:Health information management
4615:"MedEDPORTAL Author Handbook"
4439:Anatomical Sciences Education
3397:10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00481-5
2566:(16). January–February 2010.
2330:Anatomical Sciences Education
1320:Texas Heart Institute Journal
1316:"Reframing Medical Education"
1136:10.1080/0142159X.2017.1390214
1015:
406:virtual learning environments
8599:United States Virgin Islands
6269:
6048:Bachelor of Medical Sciences
5815:Neurosurgical anesthesiology
5427:
5291:Translational bioinformatics
4789:(2). Philadelphia: 154–164.
4774:Papa FJ, Harasym PH (1999).
4252:10.1371/journal.pone.0152717
3963:Health Professions Education
3957:Yew EH, Goh K (2016-12-01).
3752:10.1097/acm.0b013e3181b17e3e
3432:10.1097/AOG.0b013e31827a099d
3203:10.1371/journal.pone.0181659
2903:10.1007/978-3-031-19227-2_12
2871:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31820df8e2
2684:"Medicine - Find My Pathway"
2652:10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10415
2603:10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10867
1959:10.1097/ACM.0000000000001085
1766:10.1097/CEH.0000000000000155
1687:10.1097/ACM.0000000000000421
1646:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31829decf6
1184:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31819fbaa2
1034:BMC Health Services Research
890:Continuing Medical Education
382:continuing medical education
376:Continuing medical education
7:
8361:Education in North America
5321:Consumer health informatics
4550:10.1016/j.aanat.2007.10.001
4395:Academic Emergency Medicine
3375:American Journal of Surgery
918:
632:Medical education in Uganda
603:Medical education in Jordan
564:Medical education in Norway
559:Medical education in France
540:Medical education in Mexico
535:Medical education in Panama
530:Medical education in Canada
402:learning management systems
32:Academic Medicine (journal)
10:
9003:
8811:Education in South America
6906:
4682:10.2189/asqu.2010.55.1.114
3303:10.1186/s12909-023-04165-9
3141:Dermatology Online Journal
3086:DeLoughery EP (May 2018).
2771:10.1186/s12909-020-02094-5
2533:10.1016/j.nedt.2015.12.025
1711:Nature Reviews. Cardiology
1265:Masters K (January 2020).
886:Graduate Medical Education
598:Medical education in India
588:Medical education in China
294:Diagnostic/screening tests
121:
29:
8932:
8889:
8816:
8722:
8699:
8618:
8574:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
8492:
8366:
8339:
8291:
8253:
7995:
7954:
7913:
7873:
7615:
7529:
7504:
7223:
7210:
7199:
7175:
7129:
7095:
7054:
7036:
6997:
6979:
6945:
6921:Early childhood education
6914:
6901:
6851:
6681:
6628:
6450:
6303:
6275:
6264:
6166:
6088:
6026:
5787:
5715:
5670:
5579:
5450:
5435:
5377:
5331:
5311:Public health informatics
5247:
5224:Electronic health records
5194:
5158:
5102:
5094:Supervised injection site
5047:
5034:Allied health professions
5001:
4938:
4810:Parry N, Parry J (1976).
4504:10.1007/s00276-000-0029-z
4408:10.1197/j.aem.2005.04.004
4303:10.1186/s12909-018-1421-x
4059:10.1007/s11606-007-0283-4
4009:10.1186/s12909-019-1795-4
3976:10.1016/j.hpe.2016.01.004
3903:"ACGME Core Competencies"
3825:Rovner J (June 9, 2016).
3793:10.4300/jgme-d-12-00354.1
3702:10.1007/s11606-009-1143-1
3420:Obstetrics and Gynecology
3241:Annals of Family Medicine
3104:10.1007/s11606-018-4314-0
2482:10.1186/s13054-019-2494-6
1911:10.1080/01421590802108349
1868:10.1080/01421590802108331
1813:10.4300/JGME-D-18-00082.1
1723:10.1038/nrcardio.2009.155
1526:10.4300/JGME-D-12-00380.1
1508:Ten Cate O (March 2013).
1413:10.1007/s11606-007-0200-x
1233:10.3389/fnhum.2021.708540
448:Miller School of Medicine
440:Jackson Memorial Hospital
339:First Faculty of Medicine
250:educational accreditation
200:obstetrics and gynecology
8782:Northern Mariana Islands
8594:Turks and Caicos Islands
7675:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
7271:Central African Republic
6002:Transplantation medicine
5893:Clinical neurophysiology
5810:Obstetric anesthesiology
5730:Interventional radiology
5490:Digestive system surgery
2986:10.4103/jehp.jehp_172_20
2821:10.1136/bmj.329.7469.770
2293:10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.29
2243:10.1186/1472-6920-13-105
1999:10.1177/2374289519884715
576:Asia/Middle East/Oceania
297:Orders and prescriptions
256:leading to an MD in the
104:evidence-based education
8747:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
7936:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
5873:Intensive care medicine
5847:Mass gathering medicine
5692:Maternal–fetal medicine
5259:Medical image computing
5209:Artificial intelligence
3147:(4): 13030/qt5qc988jz.
2560:Indigenous Law Bulletin
1047:10.1186/1472-6963-7-119
981:Calgary–Cambridge model
938:List of medical schools
465:General Medical Council
149:graduate-entry programs
8524:British Virgin Islands
8038:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5465:Cardiothoracic surgery
5296:Translational medicine
4585:10.1080/01421599978960
4108:(inactive 2024-05-13).
3857:JMIR Medical Education
3525:10.3390/ijerph13010020
2203:10.1001/jama.2011.1234
2036:JMIR Medical Education
1562:Cate OT (March 2018).
1093:10.1080/01421599978960
790:
770:
748:problem-based learning
702:systems and principles
455:
349:
329:Postgraduate education
324:Safety and improvement
291:Differential diagnosis
216:health systems science
140:
53:
45:
8725:and other territories
8464:Saint Kitts and Nevis
7431:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
7291:Republic of the Congo
6116:Personalized medicine
5975:Reproductive medicine
5900:Occupational medicine
5854:Evolutionary medicine
5285:Computational biology
5186:Universal precautions
4864:Rothstein WG (1987).
4820:10.4324/9780429400926
4814:. London: Routledge.
4290:BMC Medical Education
4184:Onwudiegwu U (2018).
3996:BMC Medical Education
3518:(1): ijerph13010020.
3290:BMC Medical Education
2758:BMC Medical Education
2520:Nurse Education Today
2230:BMC Medical Education
1332:10.14503/THIJ-18-6729
859:BMC Medical Education
788:
768:
438:
337:Dean's office at the
336:
315:Urgent/Emergency care
132:Faculty of Medicine (
131:
118:Entry-level education
51:
40:
8613:Education in Oceania
7989:Education in Europe
7850:United Arab Emirates
7217:Education in Africa
6440:Instructional design
6136:Traditional medicine
6096:Alternative medicine
5963:Addiction psychiatry
5777:Transfusion medicine
5772:Medical microbiology
5687:Gynecologic oncology
5539:Reproductive surgery
5279:Behavior informatics
4755:Ludmerer KM (1999).
4152:10.2147/amep.s197275
3480:10.1056/NEJMp1009202
1993:: 2374289519884715.
1580:10.3946/kjme.2018.76
948:My Medical Education
911:, or mean number of
694:physical environment
248:) is a committee of
220:health professionals
8479:Trinidad and Tobago
8374:Antigua and Barbuda
8254:States with limited
7877:limited recognition
7506:States with limited
7205:Education by region
6931:Secondary education
6843:Teaching philosophy
6746:Pedagogical pattern
6689:21st century skills
6668:Religious education
6311:Aims and objectives
6158:History of medicine
6141:Veterinary medicine
5948:Preventive medicine
5800:Adolescent medicine
5642:Infectious diseases
5263:imaging informatics
5171:Cultural competence
4243:2016PLoSO..1152717C
3870:10.2196/mededu.7730
3194:2017PLoSO..1281659R
3154:10.5070/D3244039354
2100:10.3390/info9020031
2049:10.2196/mededu.9091
752:team-based learning
686:individual behavior
452:University of Miami
380:In most countries,
8945:Schools portal
8414:Dominican Republic
7609:Education in Asia
6936:Tertiary education
6874:Learning resources
6365:Education sciences
6106:Molecular oncology
6063:Doctor of Medicine
6053:Master of Medicine
5970:Radiation oncology
5842:Emergency medicine
5795:Addiction medicine
5762:Clinical chemistry
5757:Clinical pathology
5549:Transplant surgery
5507:Orthopedic surgery
5485:Colorectal surgery
5249:Health informatics
5024:Healthcare science
4649:Bonner TN (2000).
2390:10.14742/ajet.3840
2141:10.1111/medu.14251
1987:Academic Pathology
1613:Data Resource Book
1376:US Elsevier Health
1284:10.1111/medu.13813
892:focused journals:
791:
781:Cadaver laboratory
771:
706:quality and safety
456:
350:
343:Charles University
141:
54:
46:
8987:Medical education
8974:
8973:
8928:
8927:
8924:
8923:
8896:other territories
8805:
8804:
8797:Wallis and Futuna
8742:Clipperton Island
8700:Associated states
8607:
8606:
8496:other territories
8355:
8354:
7982:
7981:
7919:other territories
7602:
7601:
7533:other territories
7306:Equatorial Guinea
7195:
7194:
7170:
7169:
7166:
7165:
7161:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7152:
7151:
7089:
7088:
7084:
7083:
7080:
7079:
7075:
7074:
7030:
7029:
7025:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7016:
7015:
6973:
6972:
6968:
6967:
6926:Primary education
6897:
6896:
6786:Dialogic learning
6756:Teacher retention
6709:Critical thinking
6704:Class arrangement
6673:Special education
6348:Standardized test
6331:Course evaluation
6224:
6223:
6058:Master of Surgery
6022:
6021:
6007:Tropical medicine
5953:Prison healthcare
5868:Hospital medicine
5832:Disaster medicine
5822:Aviation medicine
5637:Hospital medicine
5544:Surgical oncology
5529:Pediatric surgery
5523:
5470:Endocrine surgery
5395:
5394:
5159:Skills / training
5083:Teaching hospital
4875:978-0-19-536471-2
4856:978-0-521-55791-7
4845:Porter R (1995).
4829:978-0-429-40092-6
4783:Academic Medicine
4766:978-0-19-535341-9
4718:978-1-4214-2962-5
4707:Gevitz N (2019).
4660:978-0-8018-6482-7
4358:10.1159/000488320
3932:Thomas P (2016).
3739:Academic Medicine
3051:Academic Medicine
2912:978-3-031-19227-2
2858:Academic Medicine
2815:(7469): 770–773.
2134:(12): 1180–1181.
2128:Medical Education
1946:Academic Medicine
1674:Academic Medicine
1633:Academic Medicine
1271:Medical Education
1171:Academic Medicine
1130:(12): 1208–1213.
987:Explanatory notes
828:Medical Education
821:Academic Medicine
743:Medical Education
484:organic chemistry
192:internal medicine
57:Medical education
18:Medical Education
16:(Redirected from
8994:
8964:
8963:
8954:
8953:
8943:
8942:
8941:
8916:
8904:Falkland Islands
8818:Sovereign states
8807:
8806:
8787:Pitcairn Islands
8757:French Polynesia
8737:Christmas Island
8666:Papua New Guinea
8646:Marshall Islands
8619:Sovereign states
8609:
8608:
8564:Saint Barthélemy
8494:Dependencies and
8367:Sovereign states
8357:
8356:
8292:Dependencies and
7996:Sovereign states
7984:
7983:
7972:
7962:
7961:
7931:Christmas Island
7617:Sovereign states
7604:
7603:
7594:
7593:(United Kingdom)
7589:Tristan da Cunha
7585:Ascension Island
7577:
7564:
7555:
7531:Dependencies and
7224:Sovereign states
7212:
7211:
7201:
7200:
7184:
7132:
7131:
7127:
7126:
7102:Higher education
7098:
7097:
7093:
7092:
7057:
7056:
7052:
7051:
7043:Secondary school
7039:
7038:
7034:
7033:
7000:
6999:
6995:
6994:
6982:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6948:
6947:
6943:
6942:
6917:
6916:
6903:
6902:
6831:Student-centered
6816:Phenomenon-based
6806:Peer instruction
6771:Blended learning
6694:Bloom's taxonomy
6658:Gifted education
6653:Education reform
6485:Computer science
6266:
6265:
6251:
6244:
6237:
6228:
6227:
6214:
6213:
6204:
6194:
6193:
6184:
6183:
6174:
6173:
5878:Medical genetics
5863:General practice
5740:Nuclear medicine
5615:Gastroenterology
5571:Vascular surgery
5521:
5448:
5447:
5422:
5415:
5408:
5399:
5398:
5385:
5384:
5273:Neuroinformatics
5214:Connected health
4925:
4918:
4911:
4902:
4901:
4896:
4895:
4893:Official website
4879:
4860:
4841:
4806:
4780:
4770:
4751:
4734:(167): 299–324.
4722:
4703:
4693:
4664:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4626:
4619:
4611:
4605:
4604:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4533:
4524:
4523:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4462:
4451:10.1002/ase.1638
4436:
4427:
4421:
4420:
4410:
4386:
4380:
4379:
4369:
4340:Memon I (2018).
4337:
4326:
4325:
4315:
4305:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4264:
4254:
4222:
4216:
4215:
4205:
4181:
4175:
4174:
4164:
4154:
4130:
4124:
4123:
4117:
4109:
4107:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4070:
4038:
4032:
4031:
4021:
4011:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3899:
3893:
3892:
3882:
3872:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3805:
3795:
3771:
3765:
3764:
3754:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3713:
3681:
3672:
3671:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3581:
3557:
3548:
3547:
3537:
3527:
3503:
3492:
3491:
3463:
3452:
3451:
3415:
3409:
3408:
3390:
3370:
3361:
3360:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3315:
3305:
3281:
3275:
3274:
3264:
3253:10.1370/afm.2892
3232:
3226:
3225:
3215:
3205:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3156:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3066:
3042:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3015:
3009:
3008:
2998:
2988:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2947:
2923:
2917:
2916:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2873:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2832:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2783:
2773:
2749:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2725:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2704:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2663:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2614:
2582:
2576:
2575:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2494:
2484:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2443:
2433:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2392:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2342:10.1002/ase.1696
2321:
2315:
2314:
2304:
2272:
2266:
2265:
2255:
2245:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2143:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2102:
2078:
2072:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2010:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1961:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1861:
1841:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1689:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1648:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1559:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1505:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1484:
1478:Obeso V (2017).
1475:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1454:. March 31, 2020
1444:
1435:
1434:
1424:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1351:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1286:
1262:
1256:
1255:
1245:
1235:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1186:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1059:
1049:
1025:
1009:
1006:
1000:
997:
966:Progress testing
714:politics and law
710:value and equity
639:Norms and values
516:(MBBS) program.
318:Informed consent
208:general practice
21:
9002:
9001:
8997:
8996:
8995:
8993:
8992:
8991:
8977:
8976:
8975:
8970:
8939:
8937:
8920:
8914:
8897:
8895:
8885:
8812:
8801:
8724:
8718:
8701:
8695:
8676:Solomon Islands
8614:
8603:
8497:
8495:
8488:
8362:
8351:
8335:
8293:
8287:
8273:Northern Cyprus
8255:
8249:
8170:North Macedonia
7991:
7978:
7950:
7918:
7909:
7890:Northern Cyprus
7876:
7869:
7611:
7598:
7597:
7592:
7575:
7562:
7553:
7534:
7532:
7525:
7509:
7507:
7500:
7219:
7206:
7191:
7190:
7171:
7162:
7153:
7145:
7138:
7116:
7104:
7085:
7076:
7068:
7063:
7045:
7026:
7017:
7009:
7004:
6988:
6969:
6961:
6954:
6910:
6893:
6847:
6766:Active learning
6761:Teaching method
6736:Learning theory
6677:
6643:Autodidacticism
6638:Adult education
6624:
6565:Performing arts
6446:
6353:Teacher quality
6343:Standards-based
6299:
6271:
6260:
6255:
6225:
6220:
6162:
6151:Chief physician
6084:
6029:
6018:
6012:Travel medicine
5997:Sports medicine
5980:Sexual medicine
5920:Palliative care
5915:Pain management
5859:Family medicine
5837:Diving medicine
5783:
5711:
5673:
5666:
5582:
5575:
5534:Plastic surgery
5480:General surgery
5460:Cardiac surgery
5441:
5439:
5431:
5426:
5396:
5391:
5373:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5243:
5190:
5154:
5130:Overutilization
5098:
5089:Pharmacy school
5055:Assisted living
5043:
4997:
4934:
4929:
4891:
4890:
4887:
4882:
4876:
4857:
4830:
4778:
4767:
4719:
4661:
4644:
4642:Further reading
4639:
4630:
4628:
4624:
4617:
4613:
4612:
4608:
4573:Medical Teacher
4569:
4565:
4534:
4527:
4488:
4484:
4434:
4428:
4424:
4387:
4383:
4338:
4329:
4282:
4278:
4237:(3): e0152717.
4223:
4219:
4182:
4178:
4131:
4127:
4111:
4110:
4088:
4084:
4039:
4035:
3988:
3984:
3955:
3951:
3944:
3930:
3926:
3916:
3914:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3849:
3845:
3835:
3833:
3823:
3819:
3772:
3768:
3731:
3727:
3682:
3675:
3644:
3640:
3609:
3605:
3558:
3551:
3504:
3495:
3464:
3455:
3416:
3412:
3388:10.1.1.579.8091
3371:
3364:
3333:
3329:
3282:
3278:
3233:
3229:
3188:(8): e0181659.
3174:
3170:
3133:
3129:
3084:
3080:
3043:
3036:
3027:
3025:
3017:
3016:
3012:
2965:
2961:
2924:
2920:
2913:
2891:
2887:
2850:
2846:
2801:
2797:
2750:
2746:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2713:
2711:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2692:
2690:
2688:Find My Pathway
2682:
2681:
2677:
2632:
2628:
2583:
2579:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2512:
2508:
2461:
2457:
2410:
2406:
2369:
2365:
2322:
2318:
2273:
2269:
2222:
2218:
2187:
2183:
2174:
2172:
2161:
2157:
2120:
2116:
2079:
2075:
2028:
2024:
1979:
1975:
1938:
1934:
1899:Medical Teacher
1895:
1891:
1859:10.1.1.475.1660
1846:Medical Teacher
1842:
1838:
1793:
1789:
1750:
1746:
1707:
1703:
1666:
1662:
1625:
1621:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1560:
1551:
1506:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1467:
1457:
1455:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1393:
1389:
1380:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1365:
1312:
1308:
1263:
1259:
1212:
1208:
1163:
1159:
1124:Medical Teacher
1120:
1116:
1081:Medical Teacher
1077:
1073:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1003:
998:
994:
989:
976:Virtual patient
921:
840:Medical Teacher
812:
783:
734:
672:and economics.
665:
641:
636:
617:
573:
549:
433:
421:
398:
396:Online learning
378:
331:
270:
252:for schools of
236:
126:
120:
112:learning styles
96:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9000:
8990:
8989:
8972:
8971:
8969:
8968:
8958:
8948:
8933:
8930:
8929:
8926:
8925:
8922:
8921:
8919:
8918:
8911:
8906:
8900:
8898:
8890:
8887:
8886:
8884:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8868:
8863:
8858:
8853:
8848:
8843:
8838:
8833:
8828:
8822:
8820:
8814:
8813:
8803:
8802:
8800:
8799:
8794:
8789:
8784:
8779:
8777:Norfolk Island
8774:
8769:
8764:
8759:
8754:
8749:
8744:
8739:
8734:
8732:American Samoa
8728:
8726:
8720:
8719:
8717:
8716:
8711:
8705:
8703:
8702:of New Zealand
8697:
8696:
8694:
8693:
8688:
8683:
8678:
8673:
8668:
8663:
8658:
8653:
8648:
8643:
8638:
8633:
8628:
8622:
8620:
8616:
8615:
8605:
8604:
8602:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
8584:Sint Eustatius
8581:
8576:
8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8531:
8529:Cayman Islands
8526:
8521:
8516:
8511:
8506:
8500:
8498:
8493:
8490:
8489:
8487:
8486:
8481:
8476:
8471:
8466:
8461:
8456:
8451:
8446:
8441:
8436:
8431:
8426:
8421:
8416:
8411:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8370:
8368:
8364:
8363:
8353:
8352:
8350:
8349:
8347:European Union
8343:
8341:
8340:Other entities
8337:
8336:
8334:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8297:
8295:
8294:other entities
8289:
8288:
8286:
8285:
8280:
8275:
8270:
8265:
8259:
8257:
8251:
8250:
8248:
8247:
8245:United Kingdom
8242:
8237:
8232:
8227:
8222:
8217:
8212:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8192:
8187:
8182:
8177:
8172:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8127:
8122:
8117:
8112:
8110:
8105:
8100:
8095:
8090:
8085:
8080:
8075:
8070:
8065:
8060:
8058:Czech Republic
8055:
8050:
8045:
8040:
8035:
8030:
8025:
8020:
8015:
8010:
8005:
7999:
7997:
7993:
7992:
7980:
7979:
7977:
7976:
7966:
7955:
7952:
7951:
7949:
7948:
7943:
7938:
7933:
7928:
7922:
7920:
7911:
7910:
7908:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7881:
7879:
7871:
7870:
7868:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7842:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7807:
7802:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7682:
7677:
7672:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7647:
7642:
7637:
7632:
7627:
7621:
7619:
7613:
7612:
7600:
7599:
7596:
7595:
7578:
7565:
7556:
7542:Canary Islands
7538:
7537:
7535:
7530:
7527:
7526:
7524:
7523:
7518:
7512:
7510:
7505:
7502:
7501:
7499:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7428:
7423:
7418:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7378:
7373:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7288:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7227:
7225:
7221:
7220:
7208:
7207:
7197:
7196:
7193:
7192:
7189:
7188:
7177:
7176:
7173:
7172:
7168:
7167:
7164:
7163:
7159:
7158:
7155:
7154:
7150:
7148:
7147:
7140:
7130:
7123:
7122:
7111:
7106:
7096:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7078:
7077:
7073:
7071:
7070:
7065:
7055:
7048:
7047:
7037:
7031:
7028:
7027:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7018:
7014:
7012:
7011:
7006:
6998:
6991:
6990:
6986:Primary school
6980:
6974:
6971:
6970:
6966:
6964:
6963:
6956:
6946:
6939:
6938:
6933:
6928:
6923:
6915:
6912:
6911:
6899:
6898:
6895:
6894:
6892:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6855:
6853:
6849:
6848:
6846:
6845:
6840:
6839:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6788:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6768:
6758:
6753:
6748:
6743:
6738:
6733:
6732:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6699:Cognitive load
6696:
6691:
6685:
6683:
6679:
6678:
6676:
6675:
6670:
6665:
6660:
6655:
6650:
6645:
6640:
6634:
6632:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6582:
6577:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6532:
6527:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6456:
6454:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6444:
6443:
6442:
6432:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6372:
6370:Evidence-based
6367:
6362:
6357:
6356:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6318:
6313:
6307:
6305:
6304:By perspective
6301:
6300:
6298:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6281:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6262:
6261:
6254:
6253:
6246:
6239:
6231:
6222:
6221:
6219:
6218:
6208:
6198:
6188:
6178:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6161:
6160:
6155:
6154:
6153:
6143:
6138:
6133:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6113:
6108:
6103:
6098:
6092:
6090:
6089:Related topics
6086:
6085:
6083:
6082:
6081:
6080:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6038:Medical school
6034:
6032:
6024:
6023:
6020:
6019:
6017:
6016:
6015:
6014:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5992:Sleep medicine
5989:
5988:
5987:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5966:
5965:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5939:
5934:
5933:
5932:
5922:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5897:
5896:
5895:
5885:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5856:
5851:
5850:
5849:
5839:
5834:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5818:
5817:
5812:
5805:Anesthesiology
5802:
5797:
5791:
5789:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5774:
5769:
5764:
5759:
5754:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5735:Neuroradiology
5732:
5721:
5719:
5713:
5712:
5710:
5709:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5678:
5676:
5672:Obstetrics and
5668:
5667:
5665:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5587:
5585:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5573:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5556:
5554:Trauma surgery
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5517:Otolaryngology
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5493:
5492:
5487:
5477:
5472:
5467:
5462:
5456:
5454:
5445:
5443:subspecialties
5433:
5432:
5425:
5424:
5417:
5410:
5402:
5393:
5392:
5390:
5389:
5378:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5367:
5362:
5357:
5352:
5350:United Kingdom
5347:
5346:
5345:
5335:
5333:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5282:
5276:
5270:
5265:
5255:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5219:Digital health
5216:
5211:
5206:
5204:3D bioprinting
5200:
5198:
5192:
5191:
5189:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5166:Bedside manner
5162:
5160:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5142:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5075:Medical school
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5051:
5049:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4928:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4905:
4899:
4898:
4886:
4885:External links
4883:
4881:
4880:
4874:
4861:
4855:
4842:
4828:
4807:
4771:
4765:
4752:
4723:
4717:
4704:
4665:
4659:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4606:
4563:
4525:
4482:
4445:(2): 127–136.
4422:
4381:
4352:(3): 201–210.
4327:
4276:
4217:
4176:
4125:
4082:
4033:
3982:
3949:
3943:978-1421418520
3942:
3924:
3894:
3843:
3817:
3766:
3725:
3696:(12): 1322–6.
3673:
3638:
3603:
3549:
3493:
3453:
3410:
3362:
3327:
3276:
3247:(6): 573–577.
3227:
3168:
3127:
3098:(5): 610–611.
3078:
3034:
3010:
2959:
2918:
2911:
2885:
2864:(4): 440–444.
2844:
2795:
2744:
2720:
2699:
2675:
2626:
2577:
2547:
2506:
2455:
2404:
2363:
2336:(6): 549–559.
2316:
2267:
2216:
2181:
2155:
2114:
2073:
2022:
1973:
1952:(5): 696–700.
1932:
1889:
1836:
1807:(2): 119–122.
1787:
1760:(2): 147–151.
1744:
1717:(10): 659–67.
1701:
1660:
1619:
1603:
1549:
1495:
1465:
1436:
1387:
1363:
1326:(3): 123–125.
1306:
1257:
1206:
1157:
1114:
1071:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1001:
991:
990:
988:
985:
984:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
920:
917:
905:
904:
899:
883:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
855:
844:
843:
836:
831:
824:
811:
808:
782:
779:
733:
730:
664:
661:
640:
637:
635:
634:
629:
623:
622:
621:
616:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
579:
578:
577:
572:
571:
566:
561:
555:
554:
553:
548:
547:
542:
537:
532:
526:
525:
524:
511:graduate entry
454:, in July 2010
432:
429:
420:
417:
397:
394:
377:
374:
330:
327:
326:
325:
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
295:
292:
289:
269:
266:
235:
232:
156:medical school
145:medical school
124:Medical school
122:Main article:
119:
116:
95:
92:
69:medical school
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8999:
8988:
8985:
8984:
8982:
8967:
8959:
8957:
8949:
8947:
8946:
8935:
8934:
8931:
8917:
8912:
8910:
8909:French Guiana
8907:
8905:
8902:
8901:
8899:
8893:
8888:
8882:
8879:
8877:
8874:
8872:
8869:
8867:
8864:
8862:
8859:
8857:
8854:
8852:
8849:
8847:
8844:
8842:
8839:
8837:
8834:
8832:
8829:
8827:
8824:
8823:
8821:
8819:
8815:
8808:
8798:
8795:
8793:
8790:
8788:
8785:
8783:
8780:
8778:
8775:
8773:
8772:New Caledonia
8770:
8768:
8765:
8763:
8760:
8758:
8755:
8753:
8752:Easter Island
8750:
8748:
8745:
8743:
8740:
8738:
8735:
8733:
8730:
8729:
8727:
8721:
8715:
8712:
8710:
8707:
8706:
8704:
8698:
8692:
8689:
8687:
8684:
8682:
8679:
8677:
8674:
8672:
8669:
8667:
8664:
8662:
8659:
8657:
8654:
8652:
8649:
8647:
8644:
8642:
8639:
8637:
8634:
8632:
8629:
8627:
8624:
8623:
8621:
8617:
8610:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8525:
8522:
8520:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8501:
8499:
8491:
8485:
8484:United States
8482:
8480:
8477:
8475:
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8371:
8369:
8365:
8358:
8348:
8345:
8344:
8342:
8338:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8306:Faroe Islands
8304:
8302:
8299:
8298:
8296:
8290:
8284:
8281:
8279:
8278:South Ossetia
8276:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8260:
8258:
8252:
8246:
8243:
8241:
8238:
8236:
8233:
8231:
8228:
8226:
8223:
8221:
8218:
8216:
8213:
8211:
8208:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8181:
8178:
8176:
8173:
8171:
8168:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8141:
8138:
8136:
8133:
8131:
8130:Liechtenstein
8128:
8126:
8123:
8121:
8118:
8116:
8113:
8111:
8109:
8106:
8104:
8101:
8099:
8096:
8094:
8091:
8089:
8086:
8084:
8081:
8079:
8076:
8074:
8071:
8069:
8066:
8064:
8061:
8059:
8056:
8054:
8051:
8049:
8046:
8044:
8041:
8039:
8036:
8034:
8031:
8029:
8026:
8024:
8021:
8019:
8016:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7994:
7990:
7985:
7975:
7971:
7967:
7965:
7957:
7956:
7953:
7947:
7944:
7942:
7939:
7937:
7934:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7923:
7921:
7916:
7912:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7900:South Ossetia
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7882:
7880:
7878:
7872:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7846:
7843:
7841:
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7811:
7808:
7806:
7803:
7801:
7798:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7708:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7626:
7623:
7622:
7620:
7618:
7614:
7610:
7605:
7590:
7586:
7582:
7579:
7573:
7569:
7566:
7560:
7557:
7551:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7539:
7536:
7528:
7522:
7519:
7517:
7514:
7513:
7511:
7503:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7417:
7414:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7346:Guinea-Bissau
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7234:
7232:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7222:
7218:
7213:
7209:
7202:
7198:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7178:
7174:
7149:
7144:
7141:
7137:
7136:Undergraduate
7134:
7133:
7128:
7125:
7124:
7120:
7115:
7112:
7110:
7107:
7103:
7100:
7099:
7094:
7091:
7072:
7066:
7062:
7061:Middle school
7059:
7058:
7053:
7050:
7049:
7044:
7041:
7040:
7035:
7032:
7013:
7007:
7002:
7001:
6996:
6993:
6992:
6987:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6975:
6965:
6960:
6957:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6937:
6934:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6918:
6913:
6909:
6904:
6900:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6856:
6854:
6850:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6826:Project-based
6824:
6822:
6821:Problem-based
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6802:
6799:
6797:
6794:
6792:
6789:
6787:
6784:
6782:
6781:Demonstration
6779:
6777:
6776:Contemplative
6774:
6772:
6769:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6762:
6759:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6742:
6739:
6737:
6734:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6716:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6684:
6680:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6663:Homeschooling
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6627:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6536:
6533:
6531:
6528:
6526:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6511:
6510:Environmental
6508:
6506:
6503:
6501:
6498:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6453:
6449:
6441:
6438:
6437:
6436:
6435:Instructional
6433:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6408:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6338:Psychometrics
6336:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6327:
6324:
6323:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6302:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6252:
6247:
6245:
6240:
6238:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6217:
6209:
6207:
6203:
6199:
6197:
6189:
6187:
6179:
6177:
6169:
6168:
6165:
6159:
6156:
6152:
6149:
6148:
6147:
6144:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6121:Public health
6119:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6102:
6101:Allied health
6099:
6097:
6094:
6093:
6091:
6087:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6033:
6031:
6025:
6013:
6010:
6009:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5986:
5983:
5982:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5910:Oral medicine
5908:
5906:
5905:Ophthalmology
5903:
5901:
5898:
5894:
5891:
5890:
5889:
5886:
5884:
5881:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5848:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5840:
5838:
5835:
5833:
5830:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5820:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5786:
5778:
5775:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5767:Cytopathology
5765:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5753:
5750:
5749:
5748:
5745:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5708:
5707:Urogynecology
5705:
5703:
5700:
5698:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5677:
5675:
5669:
5663:
5660:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5621:
5618:
5617:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5610:Endocrinology
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5586:
5584:
5578:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5520:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5486:
5483:
5482:
5481:
5478:
5476:
5473:
5471:
5468:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5438:
5434:
5430:
5423:
5418:
5416:
5411:
5409:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5388:
5380:
5379:
5376:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5338:United States
5336:
5334:
5330:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:in healthcare
5286:
5283:
5281:in healthcare
5280:
5277:
5275:in healthcare
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5193:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5174:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5141:
5138:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5052:
5050:
5046:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5006:
5004:
5000:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4926:
4921:
4919:
4914:
4912:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4894:
4889:
4888:
4877:
4871:
4867:
4862:
4858:
4852:
4848:
4843:
4839:
4835:
4831:
4825:
4821:
4817:
4813:
4808:
4804:
4800:
4796:
4792:
4788:
4784:
4777:
4772:
4768:
4762:
4758:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4737:
4733:
4729:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:. JHU Press.
4710:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4676:(1): 114–49.
4675:
4671:
4666:
4662:
4656:
4653:. JHU Press.
4652:
4647:
4646:
4627:on 2020-08-03
4623:
4616:
4610:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4579:(6): 553–62.
4578:
4574:
4567:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4532:
4530:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4486:
4478:
4474:
4470:
4466:
4461:
4460:10400.17/3529
4456:
4452:
4448:
4444:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4418:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4392:
4385:
4377:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4323:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4280:
4272:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4244:
4240:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4221:
4213:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4180:
4172:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4129:
4121:
4115:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4086:
4078:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4037:
4029:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3986:
3977:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3953:
3945:
3939:
3935:
3928:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3898:
3890:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3847:
3832:
3828:
3821:
3813:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3745:(9): 1301–6.
3744:
3740:
3736:
3729:
3721:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3695:
3691:
3687:
3680:
3678:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3657:
3654:(3): 186–93.
3653:
3649:
3642:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3622:
3619:(3): 175–85.
3618:
3614:
3607:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3556:
3554:
3545:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3517:
3513:
3509:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3421:
3414:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3381:(3): 187–92.
3380:
3376:
3369:
3367:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3343:(3): 149–51.
3342:
3338:
3331:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3280:
3272:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3223:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3131:
3123:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3082:
3074:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3039:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2963:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2922:
2914:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
2889:
2881:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2791:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2709:
2703:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2671:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2581:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2502:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2469:Critical Care
2466:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2431:10.2196/14676
2427:
2424:(7): e14676.
2423:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2271:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2220:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2197:(9): 978–88.
2196:
2192:
2185:
2171:on 2012-03-24
2170:
2166:
2159:
2151:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2026:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1977:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1905:(5): 474–89.
1904:
1900:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1852:(5): 455–73.
1851:
1847:
1840:
1832:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1791:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1656:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1615:
1614:
1607:
1599:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1481:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1441:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1407:(8): 1101–6.
1406:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1377:
1373:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1087:(6): 553–62.
1086:
1082:
1075:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1024:
1020:
1005:
996:
992:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
961:
960:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
928:
927:
926:Doctors to Be
923:
922:
916:
914:
910:
909:impact factor
903:
900:
898:
895:
894:
893:
891:
887:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
860:
856:
854:
853:
849:
848:
847:
842:
841:
837:
835:
832:
830:
829:
825:
823:
822:
818:
817:
816:
807:
804:
800:
796:
787:
778:
776:
767:
763:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
744:
739:
729:
727:
721:
717:
715:
711:
707:
703:
697:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
678:health equity
673:
671:
670:health policy
660:
658:
653:
649:
645:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
619:
618:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
580:
575:
574:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
551:
550:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
523:North America
522:
521:
520:
517:
515:
512:
508:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
466:
462:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
428:
426:
416:
414:
409:
407:
403:
393:
391:
387:
383:
373:
369:
367:
362:
358:
356:
348:
344:
340:
335:
323:
320:
317:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
287:
286:
285:
282:
279:
275:
265:
263:
259:
258:United States
255:
251:
247:
246:
241:
231:
227:
225:
224:health system
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
152:
150:
146:
139:
135:
130:
125:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
91:
87:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
50:
44:
39:
33:
19:
8936:
8892:Dependencies
8723:Dependencies
8709:Cook Islands
8589:Sint Maarten
8569:Saint Martin
8283:Transnistria
7915:Dependencies
7845:Turkmenistan
7810:Saudi Arabia
7581:Saint Helena
7552:
7456:South Africa
7446:Sierra Leone
7251:Burkina Faso
7143:Postgraduate
6959:Kindergarten
6811:Personalized
6791:Experiential
6751:Teacher look
6539:
6460:Agricultural
6316:Anthropology
6126:Rural health
6111:Nanomedicine
6027:
5662:Rheumatology
5593: /
5512:Hand surgery
5497:Neurosurgery
5306:Telemedicine
5239:Telemedicine
5234:Nanomedicine
5180:
5070:Nursing home
4865:
4846:
4811:
4786:
4782:
4756:
4731:
4727:
4708:
4673:
4669:
4650:
4629:. Retrieved
4622:the original
4609:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4544:(1): 16–22.
4541:
4537:
4498:(1): 29–34.
4495:
4491:
4485:
4442:
4438:
4425:
4401:(8): 782–5.
4398:
4394:
4384:
4349:
4345:
4293:
4289:
4279:
4234:
4230:
4220:
4193:
4189:
4179:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4114:cite journal
4095:
4091:
4085:
4050:
4046:
4036:
3999:
3995:
3985:
3969:(2): 75–79.
3966:
3962:
3952:
3933:
3927:
3917:December 13,
3915:. Retrieved
3906:
3897:
3860:
3856:
3846:
3836:December 13,
3834:. Retrieved
3830:
3820:
3786:(4): 674–7.
3783:
3779:
3769:
3742:
3738:
3728:
3693:
3689:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3569:
3565:
3515:
3511:
3474:(8): 695–7.
3471:
3467:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3378:
3374:
3340:
3336:
3330:
3296:(270): 270.
3293:
3289:
3279:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3185:
3181:
3171:
3144:
3140:
3130:
3095:
3091:
3081:
3054:
3050:
3026:. Retrieved
3022:
3013:
2976:
2972:
2962:
2935:
2931:
2921:
2894:
2888:
2861:
2857:
2847:
2812:
2808:
2798:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2736:. Retrieved
2732:
2723:
2712:. Retrieved
2702:
2691:. Retrieved
2687:
2678:
2646:(1): 10415.
2643:
2639:
2629:
2597:(1): 10867.
2594:
2590:
2580:
2563:
2559:
2550:
2523:
2519:
2509:
2472:
2468:
2458:
2421:
2417:
2407:
2380:
2376:
2366:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2284:
2280:
2270:
2233:
2229:
2219:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2173:. Retrieved
2169:the original
2158:
2131:
2127:
2117:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2039:
2035:
2025:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1804:
1800:
1790:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1677:
1673:
1663:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1606:
1571:
1567:
1520:(1): 157–8.
1517:
1513:
1486:. Retrieved
1456:. Retrieved
1451:
1404:
1400:
1390:
1379:. Retrieved
1375:
1366:
1323:
1319:
1309:
1277:(1): 22–32.
1274:
1270:
1260:
1223:
1219:
1209:
1177:(5): 551–8.
1174:
1170:
1160:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1037:
1033:
1023:
1004:
995:
957:
924:
906:
901:
896:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
857:
850:
845:
838:
833:
826:
819:
813:
792:
772:
741:
735:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
701:
698:
693:
689:
685:
682:medical care
681:
674:
666:
654:
650:
646:
642:
518:
504:
469:
457:
422:
410:
399:
390:grand rounds
379:
370:
363:
359:
351:
283:
271:
243:
239:
237:
228:
188:microbiology
180:pharmacology
176:biochemistry
163:
159:
153:
142:
97:
88:
85:
56:
55:
8966:WikiProject
8656:New Zealand
8559:Puerto Rico
8469:Saint Lucia
8419:El Salvador
8321:Isle of Man
8256:recognition
8230:Switzerland
8165:Netherlands
7974:Asia portal
7875:States with
7795:Philippines
7735:South Korea
7730:North Korea
7625:Afghanistan
7508:recognition
7461:South Sudan
7351:Ivory Coast
7067:High school
6864:Definitions
6741:Lesson plan
6630:Alternative
6535:Mathematics
6505:Engineering
6196:Wikiproject
5985:Venereology
5930:Neonatology
5827:Dermatology
5682:Gynaecology
5674:gynaecology
5657:Pulmonology
5475:Eye surgery
5437:Specialties
5365:New Zealand
5120:End-of-life
5002:Professions
4932:Health care
4196:(1): 1–22.
4145:: 387–397.
4098:(Suppl 2).
4053:(1): 46–9.
3426:(1): 9–13.
2640:MedEdPORTAL
2591:MedEdPORTAL
2556:"Editorial"
2163:Favreau A.
2087:Information
1680:(9): 1309.
1639:(9): 1399.
1574:(1): 1–10.
962:, a journal
865:MedEDPORTAL
492:mathematics
160:preclinical
90:education.
8554:Montserrat
8549:Martinique
8544:Guadeloupe
8399:Costa Rica
8200:San Marino
8160:Montenegro
8140:Luxembourg
8120:Kazakhstan
8023:Azerbaijan
7855:Uzbekistan
7830:Tajikistan
7745:Kyrgyzstan
7725:Kazakhstan
7645:Bangladesh
7635:Azerbaijan
7563:(Portugal)
7521:Somaliland
7441:Seychelles
7406:Mozambique
7391:Mauritania
7376:Madagascar
7331:The Gambia
7266:Cape Verde
7119:Continuing
7109:Vocational
6714:Curriculum
6648:Democratic
6620:Vocational
6610:Technology
6570:Philosophy
6452:By subject
6430:Technology
6410:Psychology
6395:Philosophy
6385:Leadership
6326:Evaluation
6321:Assessment
5958:Psychiatry
5944:(PM&R)
5937:Phlebology
5925:Pediatrics
5752:Anatomical
5717:Diagnostic
5697:Obstetrics
5647:Nephrology
5632:Hematology
5627:Geriatrics
5620:Hepatology
5605:Cardiology
5595:Immunology
5332:By country
5196:Technology
5135:Palliative
4963:Philosophy
4953:Guidelines
4691:2152/29317
4631:2020-04-30
4296:(1): 313.
4002:(1): 369.
3863:(2): e18.
3572:: 307–25.
3028:2023-09-24
2764:(1): 176.
2738:2023-09-24
2714:2018-10-26
2693:2018-10-26
2475:(1): 220.
2236:(1): 105.
2175:2011-09-13
2042:(1): e11.
1381:2024-05-13
1226:: 708540.
1016:References
875:MedConnect
760:curriculum
756:simulation
425:telehealth
413:telehealth
404:(LMSs) or
321:Procedures
204:psychiatry
196:pediatrics
172:physiology
81:fellowship
73:internship
8881:Venezuela
8826:Argentina
8626:Australia
8539:Greenland
8454:Nicaragua
8429:Guatemala
8311:Gibraltar
8135:Lithuania
7941:Hong Kong
7895:Palestine
7820:Sri Lanka
7815:Singapore
7695:Indonesia
7396:Mauritius
6952:Preschool
6852:Wikimedia
6590:Religious
6515:Euthenics
6500:Economics
6480:Chemistry
6470:Bilingual
6425:Sociology
6380:Inclusion
6360:Economics
6258:Education
6146:Physician
6030:education
5888:Neurology
5883:Narcology
5747:Pathology
5725:Radiology
5600:Angiology
5564:Andrology
5360:Australia
5181:Education
5176:Diagnosis
5029:Dentistry
4973:Providers
4948:Equipment
4943:Economics
3383:CiteSeerX
2526:: 50–62.
2399:1449-5554
2109:2078-2489
2093:(2): 31.
1854:CiteSeerX
1458:April 17,
1340:0730-2347
1301:203640807
913:citations
803:radiology
799:pathology
480:chemistry
355:residency
278:residency
184:pathology
77:residency
65:physician
8981:Category
8956:Category
8871:Suriname
8861:Paraguay
8846:Colombia
8641:Kiribati
8504:Anguilla
8439:Honduras
8409:Dominica
8384:Barbados
8331:Svalbard
8316:Guernsey
8263:Abkhazia
8215:Slovenia
8210:Slovakia
8185:Portugal
8043:Bulgaria
7964:Category
7885:Abkhazia
7835:Thailand
7790:Pakistan
7770:Mongolia
7765:Maldives
7760:Malaysia
7660:Cambodia
7587: /
7583: /
7576:(France)
7570: /
7548: /
7544: /
7496:Zimbabwe
7471:Tanzania
7321:Ethiopia
7316:Eswatini
7296:Djibouti
7261:Cameroon
7246:Botswana
6836:Socratic
6796:Feedback
6682:Concepts
6575:Physical
6545:Military
6525:Language
6475:Business
6415:Research
6405:Politics
6390:Pedagogy
6285:Glossary
6270:Overview
6176:Category
5652:Oncology
5583:medicine
5581:Internal
5429:Medicine
5387:Category
5065:Hospital
5048:Settings
5019:Pharmacy
5009:Medicine
4958:Industry
4838:76248773
4803:10065057
4748:24404427
4700:38016621
4593:21281174
4558:18342138
4520:24564960
4512:10863744
4477:24795098
4469:27483443
4417:16079434
4376:29529601
4322:30572876
4271:27031506
4231:PLOS ONE
4212:30899701
4171:31239801
4077:18095044
4028:31615507
3911:Archived
3889:29042343
3812:24455022
3761:19707077
3720:19862580
3668:18513628
3633:18513627
3598:24422560
3544:26703657
3488:21345098
3448:35826385
3440:23262923
3405:11084127
3357:18513623
3322:37088814
3313:10124056
3271:36443090
3222:28792940
3182:PLOS ONE
3163:29906000
3122:29435728
3073:17971682
3005:32953908
2954:31346387
2880:21346498
2839:15459051
2790:32487128
2670:31008195
2621:32051850
2542:27006033
2501:31200761
2450:31267981
2358:25961448
2350:28419750
2311:29237247
2262:23927420
2211:21900138
2150:32438478
2068:29636322
2017:31700991
1968:26796089
1927:43473920
1919:18576186
1884:13793264
1876:18576185
1831:29686748
1782:13954832
1774:28562504
1739:21452983
1731:19724254
1696:25006714
1655:23982511
1598:29510603
1544:24404246
1488:29 April
1431:17492473
1358:30072846
1293:31576610
1252:34456698
1201:44915975
1193:19704185
1152:44971925
1144:29069965
1101:21281174
1066:17655743
919:See also
797:, study
738:pedagogy
312:Teamwork
254:medicine
164:clinical
138:Slovakia
100:pedagogy
8876:Uruguay
8851:Ecuador
8831:Bolivia
8792:Tokelau
8691:Vanuatu
8534:Curaçao
8519:Bonaire
8514:Bermuda
8444:Jamaica
8424:Grenada
8379:Bahamas
8240:Ukraine
8190:Romania
8150:Moldova
8108:Ireland
8103:Iceland
8098:Hungary
8088:Germany
8083:Georgia
8073:Finland
8068:Estonia
8063:Denmark
8048:Croatia
8033:Belgium
8028:Belarus
8018:Austria
8013:Armenia
8008:Andorra
8003:Albania
7860:Vietnam
7775:Myanmar
7755:Lebanon
7685:Georgia
7640:Bahrain
7630:Armenia
7572:RĂ©union
7568:Mayotte
7559:Madeira
7554:(Spain)
7550:Melilla
7481:Tunisia
7451:Somalia
7436:Senegal
7421:Nigeria
7411:Namibia
7401:Morocco
7366:Liberia
7361:Lesotho
7311:Eritrea
7281:Comoros
7256:Burundi
7231:Algeria
7139:→
7114:Further
7069:→
7064:→
7046:→
7010:→
7005:→
6989:→
6962:→
6955:→
6801:Passive
6724:Studies
6605:Teacher
6595:Science
6585:Reading
6580:Physics
6555:Nursing
6540:Medical
6375:History
6295:Outline
6277:General
6216:Outline
6186:Commons
6131:Therapy
6028:Medical
5591:Allergy
5559:Urology
5452:Surgery
5229:mHealth
5140:Primary
5125:Hospice
5115:Chronic
5014:Nursing
4983:Ranking
4728:History
4601:7233599
4367:6062726
4313:6302424
4262:4816391
4239:Bibcode
4203:6398515
4162:6556562
4068:2150630
4019:6792232
3880:5663953
3803:3886472
3711:2787946
3589:4112220
3535:4730411
3262:9705046
3213:5549898
3190:Bibcode
3113:5910349
2996:7482700
2979:: 180.
2945:6642446
2781:7269001
2661:6464453
2612:7012306
2492:6567671
2441:6632099
2302:5801323
2253:3750828
2059:5915670
2008:6823976
1822:5901787
1589:5840559
1535:3613304
1422:2305740
1349:6059511
1243:8385406
1109:7233599
1057:1995214
1040:: 119.
795:anatomy
657:empathy
500:English
496:biology
488:physics
450:at the
212:surgery
168:anatomy
67:(i.e.,
8856:Guyana
8836:Brazil
8767:Hawaii
8686:Tuvalu
8459:Panama
8449:Mexico
8394:Canada
8389:Belize
8326:Jersey
8268:Kosovo
8235:Turkey
8225:Sweden
8205:Serbia
8195:Russia
8180:Poland
8175:Norway
8155:Monaco
8125:Latvia
8093:Greece
8078:France
8053:Cyprus
7905:Taiwan
7840:Turkey
7805:Russia
7740:Kuwait
7720:Jordan
7710:Israel
7670:Cyprus
7655:Brunei
7650:Bhutan
7591:
7574:
7561:
7491:Zambia
7486:Uganda
7426:Rwanda
7381:Malawi
7341:Guinea
7236:Angola
7186:Portal
7146:
7105:
7008:Junior
7003:Infant
6908:Stages
6884:Quotes
6869:Images
6729:Theory
6719:Hidden
6615:Values
6520:Health
6495:Design
6420:Rights
6400:Policy
6206:Portal
6073:MD–PhD
5355:Canada
5060:Clinic
4993:System
4988:Reform
4978:Public
4968:Policy
4872:
4853:
4836:
4826:
4801:
4763:
4746:
4715:
4698:
4657:
4599:
4591:
4556:
4518:
4510:
4475:
4467:
4415:
4374:
4364:
4320:
4310:
4269:
4259:
4210:
4200:
4169:
4159:
4075:
4065:
4026:
4016:
3940:
3887:
3877:
3810:
3800:
3759:
3718:
3708:
3666:
3631:
3596:
3586:
3542:
3532:
3486:
3446:
3438:
3403:
3385:
3355:
3320:
3310:
3269:
3259:
3220:
3210:
3161:
3120:
3110:
3071:
3003:
2993:
2952:
2942:
2938:: 10.
2909:
2878:
2837:
2830:520997
2827:
2788:
2778:
2668:
2658:
2619:
2609:
2540:
2499:
2489:
2448:
2438:
2397:
2356:
2348:
2309:
2299:
2287:: 29.
2260:
2250:
2209:
2148:
2107:
2066:
2056:
2015:
2005:
1966:
1925:
1917:
1882:
1874:
1856:
1829:
1819:
1780:
1772:
1737:
1729:
1694:
1653:
1596:
1586:
1542:
1532:
1429:
1419:
1356:
1346:
1338:
1299:
1291:
1250:
1240:
1199:
1191:
1150:
1142:
1107:
1099:
1064:
1054:
754:, and
620:Africa
552:Europe
347:Prague
262:Canada
8841:Chile
8681:Tonga
8671:Samoa
8661:Palau
8651:Nauru
8509:Aruba
8434:Haiti
8301:Ă…land
8220:Spain
8145:Malta
8115:Italy
7946:Macau
7865:Yemen
7825:Syria
7800:Qatar
7780:Nepal
7715:Japan
7690:India
7680:Egypt
7665:China
7546:Ceuta
7466:Sudan
7416:Niger
7371:Libya
7356:Kenya
7336:Ghana
7326:Gabon
7301:Egypt
7241:Benin
6889:Texts
6859:Books
6560:Peace
6550:Music
6530:Legal
6490:Death
6290:Index
5788:Other
5150:Total
5110:Acute
4834:S2CID
4779:(PDF)
4744:JSTOR
4696:S2CID
4625:(PDF)
4618:(PDF)
4597:S2CID
4516:S2CID
4473:S2CID
4435:(PDF)
3444:S2CID
2383:(6).
2354:S2CID
1923:S2CID
1880:S2CID
1778:S2CID
1735:S2CID
1483:(PDF)
1297:S2CID
1197:S2CID
1148:S2CID
1105:S2CID
933:INMED
726:ACGME
519:See:
444:Miami
8866:Peru
8762:Guam
8714:Niue
8636:Fiji
8579:Saba
8404:Cuba
7785:Oman
7750:Laos
7705:Iraq
7700:Iran
7476:Togo
7386:Mali
7276:Chad
6879:News
5261:and
5145:Self
5103:Care
4870:ISBN
4851:ISBN
4824:ISBN
4799:PMID
4761:ISBN
4713:ISBN
4655:ISBN
4589:PMID
4554:PMID
4508:PMID
4465:PMID
4413:PMID
4372:PMID
4318:PMID
4267:PMID
4208:PMID
4167:PMID
4120:link
4073:PMID
4024:PMID
3938:ISBN
3919:2016
3885:PMID
3838:2016
3808:PMID
3757:PMID
3716:PMID
3664:PMID
3629:PMID
3594:PMID
3540:PMID
3484:PMID
3436:PMID
3401:PMID
3353:PMID
3318:PMID
3267:PMID
3218:PMID
3159:PMID
3118:PMID
3069:PMID
3023:LCME
3001:PMID
2950:PMID
2907:ISBN
2876:PMID
2835:PMID
2786:PMID
2733:AAMC
2666:PMID
2617:PMID
2538:PMID
2497:PMID
2446:PMID
2395:ISSN
2346:PMID
2307:PMID
2258:PMID
2207:PMID
2191:JAMA
2146:PMID
2105:ISSN
2064:PMID
2013:PMID
1964:PMID
1915:PMID
1872:PMID
1827:PMID
1770:PMID
1727:PMID
1692:PMID
1651:PMID
1594:PMID
1540:PMID
1490:2020
1460:2020
1452:LCME
1427:PMID
1354:PMID
1336:ISSN
1289:PMID
1248:PMID
1189:PMID
1140:PMID
1097:PMID
1062:PMID
888:and
815:to:
773:The
724:the
476:D.O.
472:M.D.
272:The
260:and
245:LCME
238:The
210:and
162:and
71:and
8894:and
7917:and
6600:Sex
6465:Art
5522:ENT
5440:and
4816:doi
4791:doi
4736:doi
4686:hdl
4678:doi
4581:doi
4546:doi
4542:190
4500:doi
4455:hdl
4447:doi
4403:doi
4362:PMC
4354:doi
4308:PMC
4298:doi
4257:PMC
4247:doi
4198:PMC
4157:PMC
4147:doi
4100:doi
4063:PMC
4055:doi
4014:PMC
4004:doi
3971:doi
3875:PMC
3865:doi
3831:NPR
3798:PMC
3788:doi
3747:doi
3706:PMC
3698:doi
3656:doi
3621:doi
3584:PMC
3574:doi
3530:PMC
3520:doi
3476:doi
3472:364
3428:doi
3424:121
3393:doi
3379:180
3345:doi
3308:PMC
3298:doi
3257:PMC
3249:doi
3208:PMC
3198:doi
3149:doi
3108:PMC
3100:doi
3059:doi
2991:PMC
2981:doi
2940:PMC
2899:doi
2866:doi
2825:PMC
2817:doi
2813:329
2809:BMJ
2776:PMC
2766:doi
2656:PMC
2648:doi
2607:PMC
2599:doi
2568:doi
2528:doi
2487:PMC
2477:doi
2436:PMC
2426:doi
2385:doi
2338:doi
2297:PMC
2289:doi
2248:PMC
2238:doi
2199:doi
2195:306
2136:doi
2095:doi
2054:PMC
2044:doi
2003:PMC
1995:doi
1954:doi
1907:doi
1864:doi
1817:PMC
1809:doi
1762:doi
1719:doi
1682:doi
1641:doi
1584:PMC
1576:doi
1530:PMC
1522:doi
1417:PMC
1409:doi
1344:PMC
1328:doi
1279:doi
1238:PMC
1228:doi
1179:doi
1132:doi
1089:doi
1052:PMC
1042:doi
474:or
442:in
357:".
59:is
8983::
5861:/
5081:,
4832:.
4822:.
4797:.
4787:74
4785:.
4781:.
4742:.
4732:49
4730:.
4694:.
4684:.
4674:55
4672:.
4595:.
4587:.
4577:21
4575:.
4552:.
4540:.
4528:^
4514:.
4506:.
4496:22
4494:.
4471:.
4463:.
4453:.
4443:10
4441:.
4437:.
4411:.
4399:12
4397:.
4393:.
4370:.
4360:.
4350:27
4348:.
4344:.
4330:^
4316:.
4306:.
4294:18
4292:.
4288:.
4265:.
4255:.
4245:.
4235:11
4233:.
4229:.
4206:.
4192:.
4188:.
4165:.
4155:.
4143:10
4141:.
4137:.
4116:}}
4112:{{
4094:.
4071:.
4061:.
4051:23
4049:.
4045:.
4022:.
4012:.
4000:19
3998:.
3994:.
3965:.
3961:.
3905:.
3883:.
3873:.
3859:.
3855:.
3829:.
3806:.
3796:.
3782:.
3778:.
3755:.
3743:84
3741:.
3737:.
3714:.
3704:.
3694:24
3692:.
3688:.
3676:^
3662:.
3652:18
3650:.
3627:.
3617:18
3615:.
3592:.
3582:.
3570:35
3568:.
3564:.
3552:^
3538:.
3528:.
3516:13
3514:.
3510:.
3496:^
3482:.
3470:.
3456:^
3442:.
3434:.
3422:.
3399:.
3391:.
3377:.
3365:^
3351:.
3341:18
3339:.
3316:.
3306:.
3294:23
3292:.
3288:.
3265:.
3255:.
3245:20
3243:.
3239:.
3216:.
3206:.
3196:.
3186:12
3184:.
3180:.
3157:.
3145:24
3143:.
3139:.
3116:.
3106:.
3096:33
3094:.
3090:.
3067:.
3055:82
3053:.
3049:.
3037:^
3021:.
2999:.
2989:.
2975:.
2971:.
2948:.
2936:11
2934:.
2930:.
2905:.
2874:.
2862:86
2860:.
2856:.
2833:.
2823:.
2811:.
2807:.
2784:.
2774:.
2762:20
2760:.
2756:.
2731:.
2686:.
2664:.
2654:.
2644:12
2642:.
2638:.
2615:.
2605:.
2595:15
2593:.
2589:.
2562:.
2558:.
2536:.
2524:39
2522:.
2518:.
2495:.
2485:.
2473:23
2471:.
2467:.
2444:.
2434:.
2422:21
2420:.
2416:.
2393:.
2381:33
2379:.
2375:.
2352:.
2344:.
2334:10
2332:.
2328:.
2305:.
2295:.
2285:14
2283:.
2279:.
2256:.
2246:.
2234:13
2232:.
2228:.
2205:.
2193:.
2144:.
2132:54
2130:.
2126:.
2103:.
2089:.
2085:.
2062:.
2052:.
2038:.
2034:.
2011:.
2001:.
1989:.
1985:.
1962:.
1950:91
1948:.
1944:.
1921:.
1913:.
1903:30
1901:.
1878:.
1870:.
1862:.
1850:30
1848:.
1825:.
1815:.
1805:10
1803:.
1799:.
1776:.
1768:.
1758:37
1756:.
1733:.
1725:.
1713:.
1690:.
1678:89
1676:.
1672:.
1649:.
1637:88
1635:.
1631:.
1592:.
1582:.
1572:30
1570:.
1566:.
1552:^
1538:.
1528:.
1516:.
1512:.
1498:^
1468:^
1450:.
1439:^
1425:.
1415:.
1405:22
1403:.
1399:.
1374:.
1352:.
1342:.
1334:.
1324:45
1322:.
1318:.
1295:.
1287:.
1275:54
1273:.
1269:.
1246:.
1236:.
1224:15
1222:.
1218:.
1195:.
1187:.
1175:84
1173:.
1169:.
1146:.
1138:.
1128:40
1126:.
1103:.
1095:.
1085:21
1083:.
1060:.
1050:.
1036:.
1032:.
750:,
498:,
494:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
345:,
341:,
206:,
202:,
198:,
194:,
186:,
182:,
178:,
174:,
170:,
136:)
79:,
7121:)
7117:(
6250:e
6243:t
6236:v
5421:e
5414:t
5407:v
5085:)
5077:(
4924:e
4917:t
4910:v
4878:.
4859:.
4840:.
4818::
4805:.
4793::
4769:.
4750:.
4738::
4721:.
4702:.
4688::
4680::
4663:.
4634:.
4603:.
4583::
4560:.
4548::
4522:.
4502::
4479:.
4457::
4449::
4419:.
4405::
4378:.
4356::
4324:.
4300::
4273:.
4249::
4241::
4214:.
4194:8
4173:.
4149::
4122:)
4102::
4096:5
4079:.
4057::
4030:.
4006::
3979:.
3973::
3967:2
3946:.
3921:.
3891:.
3867::
3861:3
3814:.
3790::
3784:5
3763:.
3749::
3722:.
3700::
3670:.
3658::
3635:.
3623::
3600:.
3576::
3546:.
3522::
3490:.
3478::
3450:.
3430::
3407:.
3395::
3359:.
3347::
3324:.
3300::
3273:.
3251::
3224:.
3200::
3192::
3165:.
3151::
3124:.
3102::
3075:.
3061::
3031:.
3007:.
2983::
2977:9
2956:.
2915:.
2901::
2882:.
2868::
2841:.
2819::
2792:.
2768::
2741:.
2717:.
2696:.
2672:.
2650::
2623:.
2601::
2574:.
2570::
2564:7
2544:.
2530::
2503:.
2479::
2452:.
2428::
2401:.
2387::
2360:.
2340::
2313:.
2291::
2264:.
2240::
2213:.
2201::
2178:.
2152:.
2138::
2111:.
2097::
2091:9
2070:.
2046::
2040:4
2019:.
1997::
1991:6
1970:.
1956::
1929:.
1909::
1886:.
1866::
1833:.
1811::
1784:.
1764::
1741:.
1721::
1715:6
1698:.
1684::
1657:.
1643::
1600:.
1578::
1546:.
1524::
1518:5
1492:.
1462:.
1433:.
1411::
1384:.
1360:.
1330::
1303:.
1281::
1254:.
1230::
1203:.
1181::
1154:.
1134::
1111:.
1091::
1068:.
1044::
1038:7
353:"
242:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
