580:($ 7,500) in damages for 'defaming' Khabar news agency. Sarsenbaev was also ordered to publicly retract comments he made in an interview with the opposition newspaper Respublika. He had alleged that Khabar was part of a monopolistic media holding controlled by Dariga Nazarbayev. The case is believed to be in response to his resignation after the 2004 elections. At the time he stated "The election was not fair, honest, or transparent; the authorities showed that from the beginning they didn't want honest elections.
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289:'s home. Three days later, the newspaper's offices were firebombed and burned to the ground. In July, Petrushova was given an eighteen-month jail sentence on tax charges, but served no time after a judge ruled that the case fell under an amnesty. (Petrushova eventually left the country for Russia, where she continued to publish via the Internet, living apart from her family for their safety. In recognition of her work, she was awarded a 2002
35:
143:, in 1991. The Constitution of Kazakhstan guarantees freedom of press, but privately owned and opposition media have been subject of censorship. In 2004 the International Federation of Journalists identified a "growing pattern" of intimidation of the media, and in 2012 several opposition media outlets were ordered to be shut down on charges of promoting "extremism".
312:, Kazakh authorities raided and searched Respublika's office and again suspended its publication while a verdict on criminal charges was still pending. On 21 November, Prosecutors moved to ban Respublika including eight newspapers and 23 Internet sites under its umbrella, along with the Vzglyad newspaper and its Internet sites for "propagating extremism".
162:. Opposition newspapers and magazines were either closed or forced abroad, under threat of being fined. The most popular medium is television, with the government running the national networks. Kazakhs have access to Russian television stations through cable and satellite; on the internet, Russian social media are the most popular.
489:
In July, 2009, the government passed amendments to laws on the
Internet which some critics claimed unduly restrictive. The law made internet content subject to existing laws on expression, such as criminal libel. It also widened the scope of 'banned media content' to cover political matters, such as
592:
have voiced their concern over the government's moves in the past few years to silence the opposition. Recent changes in media-related laws in
Kazakhstan appear to target non-governmental media outlets. Criticism of government employees can lead to lawsuits, and news laws against "extremism" have
192:
A wide range of publications, mostly supportive of the government, are available. The authorities operates newspaper in Kazakh, and a regular national
Russian-language newspaper. There were 990 privately owned newspapers and 418 privately owned magazines. Those supportive of the opposition face
600:
the Kazakh legal code is stringent on defamation, allowing even for cases where the defamation is true. "One can seek compensation for true statements damaging his/her reputation – for example, a government official who is of accused of abuse of State funds, can claim compensation even if the
493:
A broadcasting bill implemented in
December 2011 was aimed at improving the content of the national media, and to 'protect' it from external influence. According to the government, the bill would “eliminate low quality content that inflicts psychological or emotional damage on views.”
173:. According to Reporters Without Borders, "The government pays private media to disseminate its propaganda. The government controls the appointment of top editors at state-owned and state-controlled media. The Ministry of Information itself serves as a media regulator."
168:
noted in 2024 that "repressive reforms" have since 1997 seriously limited the freedom of the press in
Kazakhstan, and stated that "the media landscape is now essentially a propaganda outlet for the Kazakh regime". More restrictions followed in 2022, after the
300:
In May 2005 the Kazakh
Information Ministry ordered the paper to be closed, accusing it of inciting ethnic hatred by publishing an interview with a Russian politician who made derogatory remarks about ethnic Kazakhstanis. The paper's deputy editor
1615:
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The media in
Kazakhstan is "dominated by state-owned and pro-government outlets. Most major outlets are controlled by the government directly or indirectly," according to the
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filed by Kazakh prosecutors seeking to shut down opposition media outlets. The prosecutors demanded the websites stop publishing material from Kazakh opposition sources.
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was ordered to block access to a dozen websites it said were 'extremist'. The pages either supported the opposition or provided neutral news coverage.
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building with a screwdriver sticking into its side and a note reading "there will be no next time"; the dog's head was left outside
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claimed the closure was politically motivated, and vowed to appeal. The paper continued to be published under a variety of titles.
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could attract liability "by unwittingly providing access to insulting or defamatory information published through the
Internet".
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described this as a "pretext" and said it would be the end of pluralism in
Kazakhstan. A month later, the ban was ordered.
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The paper evaded a mid-March 2002 court order to stop printing for three months by printing under other titles, such as
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The following month a court in Almaty ruled that a number of opposition media outlets, such as the television channels
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refused to print the publication after a failed attempt by a government representative to buy a controlling stake in
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broadcasts in official and
Russian languages. A wide number of private radio stations are also available including
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56:
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924:"Editor of independent Kazakh newspaper sentenced to prison, then amnestied, for alleged business violations"
549:
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users in 2011—up from 2010. "Twitter, Facebook and YouTube audience share is less than 0.4%", according to
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Other media experienced difficulties during the November 2012 case against media sources in Kazakhstan;
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All media must register with the Ministry of Culture, Information and Sports, with the exception of
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is imposed by means of civil legal action, such as defamation suits. On 13 June 2005 a court in
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552:, had to close due to their "extremist" views. These were the same outlets who reported on the
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is the State Television Channel of Kazakhstan. Other country-wide television stations are
8:
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205:(state-run, in Russian), considered the official organ of the Council of Ministers
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1982:
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1359:
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1339:
1207:
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are music channels dedicated solely to only airing music produced in Kazakhstan.
366:
360:
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for 2022; it ranked 155th for 2021. In 2023, it ranked 134rd, and in 2024 142nd.
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statement damaging his/her reputation is true". This also means that an
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2382:
2087:
1260:
974:
589:
565:
476:
229:
136:
2056:
870:"Police make arrests in firebombing attack on Kazakh newspaper office"
576:(the opposition leader assassinated in January 2006) to pay 1 million
4568:
4255:
3949:
3743:
3505:
3306:
2377:
2372:
2180:
1078:"Kazakhstan: Court Bans Outspoken Newspaper amid Political Crackdown"
345:
34:
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153:
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266:
ran into serious difficulty after November 2001, when owners of
4046:
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2387:
2119:
952:. European commission, external relations. 2005. Archived from
569:
522:
517:
Lawsuits with governmental plaintiffs and defendants from media
255:
3368:
3301:
2891:
2246:
1105:. International Press Institute. 9 August 2012. Archived from
4015:
2124:
1253:
Kazakhstan: Civil Code Restrictions on Freedom of Expressions
1095:
139:, a Central-Asian country that gained independence after the
1001:"Opposition newspapers convicted before court rules on case"
342:(with its website—dat.kz—inaccessible as of December 2012).
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4368:
4305:
4116:
3994:
3989:
3959:
3685:
3617:
3378:
3346:
3321:
3291:
3239:
2129:
2114:
501:
users and 362,000 Facebook users as of December 31, 2011.
274:. (One owner found a human skull placed on his doorstep.)
211:(state-run, in Russian), the publication of the parliament
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3929:
3919:
3840:
3753:
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3527:
3522:
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3256:
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783:. Cultures of the World. Marshall Cavendish. p. 84.
479:
of online publications has become routine and arbitrary.
469:
159:
1052:"Kazakhstan in move to ban opposition parties and media"
559:
647:
IFEX: Monitoring Media Freedom Violations in Kazakhstan
354:
called for the government to investigate an assault on
319:
1050:
Solovyov, Dmitry; paxton, Robin (21 November 2012).
975:"Kazakhstan: The News Weekly That Won't Be Silenced"
176:
Kazakhstan was ranked 122nd out of 180 countries in
1129:"Two journalists brutally beaten in Kazakh capital"
378:called for investigations into the assault of both
59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1246:
1244:
1131:. Committee to Protect Journalists. 14 August 2012
950:"Kazakhstan: country profile. Recent developments"
1227:
1148:
1146:
811:"Bruised, but Still Jabbing Kazakh Heavyweights)"
593:been used to shut down opposition media sources.
346:International reaction to assaults on journalists
4603:
308:In November 2012, before the anniversary of the
1241:
926:. Associated Press. 4 July 2002. Archived from
867:
709:
707:
630:List of journalists killed in Europe#Kazakhstan
1228:Mukhametrakhimova, Saule (February 28, 2013),
1143:
1049:
154:History of mass media and freedom of the press
2877:
2072:
1690:
1285:
1103:"Kazakh journalist hospitalised after attack"
804:
802:
800:
1121:
1031:Kazakh media fights against new restrictions
893:
891:
704:
256:Intimidation and government-ordered closures
583:
187:
2884:
2870:
2079:
2065:
1697:
1683:
1292:
1278:
1045:
1043:
797:
420:There are 116 private channels, including
888:
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
4244:
504:
2086:
1040:
14:
4604:
3641:
1075:
772:
770:
688:. BBC. 24 January 2023. Archived from
652:KAZINFORM: National Information Agency
642:Reporters Without Borders report, 2004
135:refers to mass media outlets based in
3923:
3806:
2865:
2060:
1678:
1273:
1235:Institute for War and Peace Reporting
836:
808:
680:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
560:Punishment for defaming a news agency
1165:"Spreading the Word on the Internet"
981:from the original on 25 January 2013
832:
830:
776:
572:ordered former Information Minister
57:adding citations to reliable sources
28:
4204:
1704:
1076:Lillis, Joanna (25 December 2012).
839:"Truth-Tellers in a Time of Terror"
767:
490:coverage of the election campaign.
358:—a contributor to opposition media
320:A magazine and two other newspapers
24:
4443:
1230:"Kazakstan: Free Speech in Danger"
872:. Associated Press. Archived from
663:
548:and K+ and newspapers Vzglyad and
281:. A decapitated dog was hung from
196:Newspapers and magazines include:
25:
4643:
4085:
4065:
3908:
3796:
1299:
916:
827:
755:from the original on 3 March 2021
635:
459:
291:International Press Freedom Award
4075:
2300:
1658:
1649:
1648:
903:Committee to Protect Journalists
899:"2002 Awardee: Irina Petrushova"
868:Rozlana Taukina (11 July 2012).
837:Hiatt, Fred (25 November 2012).
823:from the original on 2021-03-08.
620:List of newspapers in Kazakhstan
482:In 2003 the state telecom firm
376:Committee to Protect Journalists
295:Committee to Protect Journalists
33:
4632:Mass media in Europe by country
4234:
3699:
3689:
3459:
1221:
1204:"Konrad Adenauer Stiftung Asia"
1196:
1179:"Konrad Adenauer Stiftung Asia"
1171:
1157:
1069:
1019:
993:
967:
942:
809:Wines, Michael (13 July 2002).
596:According to opposition source
141:Dissolution of the Soviet Union
44:needs additional citations for
4194:
3834:
3651:
3469:
3449:
1616:British Indian Ocean Territory
861:
737:
588:Media watchdog groups such as
13:
1:
4627:Mass media in Asia by country
3824:
977:. Eurasianet. 29 March 2011.
385:
352:International Press Institute
497:The country had 5.4 million
464:The country had 5.4 million
7:
2894:European Broadcasting Union
608:
448:, (Russian Radio), Hit FM,
260:The opposition publication
10:
4648:
4617:Kazakh-language mass media
1153:Kazakhstan country profile
389:
68:"Mass media in Kazakhstan"
4553:
4509:
4500:
4003:
3785:
3776:
3577:
3536:
2909:
2900:
2828:
2739:
2711:
2702:
2596:
2587:
2527:
2518:
2437:
2428:
2396:
2318:
2309:
2298:
2280:
2229:
2138:
2107:
2098:
2006:
1968:
1710:
1644:
1603:
1563:
1305:
1005:Reporters Without Borders
777:Pang, Guek-Cheng (2001).
749:Reporters Without Borders
719:Reporters Without Borders
603:Internet Service Provider
314:Reporters Without Borders
193:harassment and lawsuits.
178:Reporters Without Borders
166:Reporters Without Borders
4612:Mass media in Kazakhstan
1365:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
686:"Kazakhstan media guide"
657:
584:Media-related legal code
435:
392:Television in Kazakhstan
370:, and archivist of the
188:Newspapers and magazines
133:mass media in Kazakhstan
2328:Altay (Altai) Mountains
1626:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
372:Kazakh National Archive
2552:Science and technology
2272:Republic of Kazakhstan
1753:Bosnia and Herzegovina
721:. 2024. Archived from
202:Kazakhstanskaya Pravda
4622:Mass media by country
505:Former media websites
430:Perviy Kanal Evraziya
390:Further information:
245:(private, in Russian)
233:(private, opposition)
225:(private, in Russian)
2242:List of Kazakh khans
1540:United Arab Emirates
53:improve this article
2353:Khan Tangiri Shyngy
2333:Aral Karakum Desert
2196:Kara-Khanid Khanate
2181:Xueyantuo Khaganate
1969:States with limited
1567:limited recognition
843:The Washington Post
574:Altynbek Sarsenbaev
297:, a US-based NGO.)
279:Not That Respublika
182:Press Freedom Index
18:Media in Kazakhstan
2557:Telecommunications
1026:Al Jazeera English
816:The New York Times
521:In November 2012,
171:2022 Kazakh unrest
4599:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4496:
4495:
3772:
3771:
2859:
2858:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2583:
2582:
2514:
2513:
2506:Political parties
2479:Freedom of speech
2452:Foreign relations
2424:
2423:
2296:
2295:
2252:Russian Turkestan
2176:Oghuz Yabgu State
2054:
2053:
1672:
1671:
1609:other territories
1109:on 18 August 2012
1007:. 4 December 2012
356:Ularbek Baitailaq
251:(private, weekly)
216:Yegemen Qazaqstan
209:Sovety Kazakstana
129:
128:
121:
103:
16:(Redirected from
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4506:
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4067:
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3910:
3836:
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3808:
3798:
3783:
3782:
3701:
3691:
3653:
3643:
3471:
3461:
3451:
2907:
2906:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2863:
2862:
2844:
2837:
2709:
2708:
2684:Wedding ceremony
2644:
2594:
2593:
2575:Waste management
2565:
2525:
2524:
2435:
2434:
2406:Cities and towns
2378:Tien (Tian) Shan
2316:
2315:
2304:
2206:Chagatai Khanate
2191:Kyrgyz Khaganate
2186:Uyghur Khaganate
2151:Rouran Khaganate
2105:
2104:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2007:Dependencies and
1711:Sovereign states
1699:
1692:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1662:
1652:
1651:
1621:Christmas Island
1307:Sovereign states
1294:
1287:
1280:
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1270:
1265:
1264:
1258:
1248:
1239:
1238:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1206:. Archived from
1200:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1181:. Archived from
1175:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1150:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1047:
1038:
1032:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1014:
1012:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
971:
965:
964:
962:
961:
946:
940:
939:
937:
935:
920:
914:
913:
911:
909:
895:
886:
885:
883:
881:
865:
859:
858:
856:
854:
845:. Archived from
834:
825:
824:
806:
795:
794:
774:
765:
764:
762:
760:
741:
735:
734:
732:
730:
711:
702:
701:
699:
697:
682:
625:TV Channel 16/12
537:were cited in a
440:The state-owned
380:Maksim Kartashov
287:Irina Petrushova
268:printing presses
239:(private, daily)
124:
117:
113:
110:
104:
102:
61:
37:
29:
21:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4637:
4636:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4591:
4549:
4502:
4492:
3999:
3778:
3768:
3573:
3532:
2902:
2896:
2892:Members of the
2890:
2860:
2855:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2816:
2735:
2698:
2642:
2579:
2563:
2510:
2491:Law enforcement
2420:
2392:
2358:Kyzylkum Desert
2305:
2292:
2276:
2225:
2134:
2094:
2085:
2055:
2050:
2008:
2002:
1988:Northern Cyprus
1970:
1964:
1885:North Macedonia
1706:
1705:Media of Europe
1703:
1673:
1668:
1640:
1608:
1599:
1580:Northern Cyprus
1566:
1559:
1301:
1298:
1268:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1242:
1226:
1222:
1213:
1211:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1188:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1048:
1041:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1010:
1008:
999:
998:
994:
984:
982:
973:
972:
968:
959:
957:
948:
947:
943:
933:
931:
930:on 11 June 2014
922:
921:
917:
907:
905:
897:
896:
889:
879:
877:
876:on 11 June 2014
866:
862:
852:
850:
849:on 11 June 2014
835:
828:
807:
798:
791:
775:
768:
758:
756:
743:
742:
738:
728:
726:
713:
712:
705:
695:
693:
684:
683:
664:
660:
638:
611:
586:
562:
554:Mangystau riots
519:
507:
462:
438:
394:
388:
382:and Baitailaq.
367:Tortinshi Bilik
348:
333:Tortinshi Bilik
322:
310:Mangystau riots
258:
190:
156:
125:
114:
108:
105:
62:
60:
50:
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4645:
4635:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4597:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4563:
4557:
4555:
4551:
4550:
4548:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4513:
4511:
4504:
4498:
4497:
4494:
4493:
4491:
4490:
4485:
4480:
4475:
4470:
4465:
4460:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4238:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4198:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4122:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4079:
4069:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4007:
4005:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3917:
3912:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3859:
3858:
3843:
3838:
3828:
3818:
3813:
3810:
3800:
3789:
3787:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3708:
3703:
3693:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3660:
3655:
3645:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3592:
3587:
3581:
3579:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3565:
3564:
3559:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3463:
3453:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3075:
3070:
3069:
3068:
3058:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3046:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2913:
2911:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2889:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2846:
2845:
2838:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2638:
2633:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2597:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2547:Stock Exchange
2544:
2539:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2467:Prime Minister
2464:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2432:
2426:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2323:Aktogay Canyon
2319:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2291:
2290:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2257:Alash Autonomy
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2237:Kazakh Khanate
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2111:
2109:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2069:
2061:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2012:
2010:
2009:other entities
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1974:
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1960:United Kingdom
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1773:Czech Republic
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1309:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1274:
1267:
1266:
1240:
1220:
1195:
1170:
1156:
1142:
1120:
1094:
1068:
1039:
1018:
992:
966:
941:
915:
887:
860:
826:
796:
789:
766:
736:
725:on 8 July 2024
703:
692:on 8 July 2024
661:
659:
656:
655:
654:
649:
644:
637:
636:External links
634:
633:
632:
627:
622:
617:
610:
607:
585:
582:
564:Increasingly,
561:
558:
518:
515:
514:
513:
506:
503:
461:
460:Media websites
458:
437:
434:
387:
384:
347:
344:
321:
318:
303:Galina Dyrdina
257:
254:
253:
252:
246:
240:
234:
226:
220:
212:
206:
189:
186:
155:
152:
127:
126:
41:
39:
32:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4644:
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4628:
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3333:
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3308:
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2368:Sharyn Canyon
2366:
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2363:Lake Balkhash
2361:
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2348:Kazakh Steppe
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2221:Uzbek Khanate
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2201:Mongol Empire
2199:
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2172:
2169:
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2166:Kimek Khanate
2164:
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2159:
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2139:Early history
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2021:Faroe Islands
2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2011:
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1993:South Ossetia
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1590:South Ossetia
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1300:Media of Asia
1295:
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1247:
1245:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1224:
1210:on 2016-03-05
1209:
1205:
1199:
1185:on 2016-03-05
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956:on 2006-08-05
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790:9780761411932
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491:
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484:KazakhTelecom
480:
478:
473:
471:
467:
457:
455:
454:Radio Karavan
451:
450:Radio Azattyq
447:
443:
433:
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73:
70: –
69:
65:
64:Find sources:
58:
54:
48:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
4503:participants
4442:
4243:
4233:
4203:
4193:
4084:
4074:
4064:
3922:
3907:
3833:
3823:
3805:
3795:
3698:
3688:
3650:
3640:
3468:
3458:
3448:
2752:Azerbaijanis
2704:Demographics
2621:Coat of arms
2611:Architecture
2474:Human rights
2442:Constitution
2398:Subdivisions
2211:Golden Horde
2161:Kangar union
1998:Transnistria
1605:Dependencies
1535:Turkmenistan
1500:Saudi Arabia
1252:
1233:
1223:
1212:. Retrieved
1208:the original
1198:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:the original
1173:
1159:
1133:. Retrieved
1123:
1111:. Retrieved
1107:the original
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1081:
1071:
1059:. Retrieved
1055:
1021:
1009:. Retrieved
995:
985:21 September
983:. Retrieved
969:
958:. Retrieved
954:the original
944:
934:21 September
932:. Retrieved
928:the original
918:
906:. Retrieved
880:21 September
878:. Retrieved
874:the original
863:
853:21 September
851:. Retrieved
847:the original
842:
814:
779:
757:. Retrieved
748:
745:"Kazakhstan"
739:
727:. Retrieved
723:the original
715:"Kazakhstan"
694:. Retrieved
690:the original
595:
587:
563:
543:
520:
496:
492:
488:
481:
474:
463:
442:Kazakh Radio
439:
419:
409:
395:
365:
359:
350:In 2012 the
349:
337:
331:
325:
323:
307:
299:
282:
278:
276:
271:
261:
259:
248:
242:
236:
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195:
191:
175:
164:
157:
145:
132:
130:
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
4404:TFM/JOAU-FM
2532:Agriculture
2343:Caspian Sea
2262:Kazakh ASSR
2216:White Horde
2036:Isle of Man
1971:recognition
1945:Switzerland
1880:Netherlands
1664:Asia portal
1565:States with
1485:Philippines
1425:South Korea
1420:North Korea
1315:Afghanistan
1263:, July 2012
1135:28 December
1113:28 December
1087:14 November
1061:14 November
1011:17 December
535:LiveJournal
446:Europa Plus
327:Altyn Tamyr
219:(state-run)
4606:Categories
2807:Ukrainians
2679:Television
2643:(Internet)
2564:(currency)
2501:Parliament
2457:Government
2383:Ural River
2267:Kazakh SSR
2230:Since 1465
2108:Prehistory
2088:Kazakhstan
1915:San Marino
1875:Montenegro
1855:Luxembourg
1835:Kazakhstan
1738:Azerbaijan
1545:Uzbekistan
1520:Tajikistan
1435:Kyrgyzstan
1415:Kazakhstan
1335:Bangladesh
1325:Azerbaijan
1261:ARTICLE 19
1214:2013-01-05
1189:2013-01-05
1082:Eurasianet
960:2006-03-21
780:Kazakhstan
590:ARTICLE 19
566:censorship
550:Respublika
477:censorship
422:Channel 31
386:Television
283:Respublika
272:Respublika
263:Respublika
230:Zhas Alash
223:Ekspress-K
137:Kazakhstan
109:April 2013
79:newspapers
3777:Associate
3537:Suspended
2747:Armenians
2716:Education
2674:Squatting
2570:Transport
2462:President
2447:Elections
2411:Districts
2373:Syr Darya
2311:Geography
2026:Gibraltar
1850:Lithuania
1631:Hong Kong
1585:Palestine
1510:Sri Lanka
1505:Singapore
1385:Indonesia
556:in 2011.
472:in 2012.
415:Toi Duman
397:Qazaqstan
4545:TV5Monde
4532:Euronews
4501:Approved
3207:KRO-NCRV
3187:AVROTROS
2851:Category
2792:Russians
2726:Language
2664:Religion
2616:Clothing
2601:Alphabet
2496:Military
2430:Politics
2281:By topic
2156:Göktürks
2092:articles
2046:Svalbard
2031:Guernsey
1978:Abkhazia
1930:Slovenia
1925:Slovakia
1900:Portugal
1758:Bulgaria
1654:Category
1575:Abkhazia
1525:Thailand
1480:Pakistan
1460:Mongolia
1455:Maldives
1450:Malaysia
1350:Cambodia
979:Archived
821:Archived
753:Archived
609:See also
598:Adil Soz
527:Facebook
499:internet
466:internet
411:Gakku TV
405:Yel Arna
148:websites
4561:Abertis
4527:Cellnex
4510:Current
4459:UAERTVD
4029:AMÉRICA
3831:CBC/SRC
3786:Current
3779:members
3384:SRG SSR
3192:BNNVARA
2910:Current
2903:members
2835:Outline
2812:Uyghurs
2782:Koreans
2777:Kazakhs
2762:Germans
2740:Peoples
2649:Kazakhs
2641:Kaznet
2626:Cuisine
2589:Culture
2520:Economy
2416:Regions
2388:Zhetysu
2338:Borders
2171:Karluks
2100:History
1955:Ukraine
1905:Romania
1865:Moldova
1823:Ireland
1818:Iceland
1813:Hungary
1803:Germany
1798:Georgia
1788:Finland
1783:Estonia
1778:Denmark
1763:Croatia
1748:Belgium
1743:Belarus
1733:Austria
1728:Armenia
1723:Andorra
1718:Albania
1550:Vietnam
1465:Myanmar
1445:Lebanon
1375:Georgia
1330:Bahrain
1320:Armenia
1056:Reuters
1036:YouTube
615:Kazpost
546:Stan TV
539:lawsuit
531:Twitter
374:). The
293:by the
249:Karavan
93:scholar
4554:Former
4374:SABTVS
4276:PANTEL
4004:Former
3812:ACORAB
3578:Former
3364:RTVSLO
3230:PowNed
2901:Active
2797:Tatars
2767:Greeks
2757:Dungan
2721:Health
2606:Anthem
2562:Tenge
2288:Postal
2120:Kangju
2090:
2041:Jersey
1983:Kosovo
1950:Turkey
1940:Sweden
1920:Serbia
1910:Russia
1895:Poland
1890:Norway
1870:Monaco
1840:Latvia
1808:Greece
1793:France
1768:Cyprus
1595:Taiwan
1530:Turkey
1495:Russia
1430:Kuwait
1410:Jordan
1400:Israel
1360:Cyprus
1345:Brunei
1340:Bhutan
908:9 June
787:
759:8 June
729:7 July
696:8 July
570:Almaty
533:, and
523:Google
511:Guljan
401:Khabar
243:Vremya
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
4536:JPMRD
4245:(PNG)
4143:GLOBO
4016:ABERT
3940:ORTAS
3706:NERIT
3622:GRMC
3569:VGTRK
3374:SMRTV
3250:Zwart
3202:HUMAN
3109:İCTI
2984:ARMTV
2842:Index
2802:Turks
2787:Poles
2731:Women
2689:Y-DNA
2669:Sport
2659:Music
2654:Media
2125:Wusun
2016:Åland
1935:Spain
1860:Malta
1830:Italy
1636:Macau
1555:Yemen
1515:Syria
1490:Qatar
1470:Nepal
1405:Japan
1380:India
1370:Egypt
1355:China
1257:(PDF)
658:Notes
578:tenge
436:Radio
237:Liter
100:JSTOR
86:books
4588:URTI
4584:SNTC
4579:RTRN
4574:RETE
4569:MEBC
4517:Arte
4483:WGBH
4463:USIA
4455:TVRI
4444:(MR)
4417:TIME
4379:SLBC
4369:SABC
4306:RCTV
4296:QTBC
4271:ORTN
4266:NYPR
4261:NTVC
4235:(NG)
4226:NAEB
4221:NACB
4205:(KR)
4195:(MW)
4176:KBTS
4172:IBTE
4148:GRTS
4124:EURT
4092:CMRT
4086:(LK)
4076:(BB)
4066:(AR)
4038:ATEC
4020:AFMN
3995:WFMT
3990:TVNZ
3985:TEME
3960:RTHK
3945:PART
3924:(US)
3915:NBAB
3909:(MU)
3890:IRIB
3885:ICRT
3880:Free
3856:CGTN
3851:CCTV
3835:(CA)
3825:(CL)
3807:(US)
3797:(AU)
3764:UJRT
3724:RTVS
3714:ORTF
3710:OFRT
3700:(HU)
3690:(FI)
3671:LJBC
3662:ITCA
3652:(IL)
3642:(GB)
3618:ERTT
3603:CRCA
3598:COPE
3553:RDO
3544:BTRC
3486:UKIB
3470:(NO)
3466:TV 2
3460:(DK)
3456:TV 2
3450:(MC)
3411:STVR
3379:SNRT
3347:RTVE
3342:RTVA
3326:RTT
3322:RTSH
3297:RTCG
3292:RTBF
3240:VPRO
3235:Ster
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