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322:, but was having problems sealing both the piston and the piston rod where it fitted into the cylinder. The usual method was hemp packing but the pressures were too high for this to work. Maudslay came up with the idea of a leather cup washer, which gave a perfect seal but offered no resistance to movement when the pressure was released. The new hydraulic press worked perfectly thereafter. But Maudslay, who had made a major contribution to its success, received little credit for it.
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482:, which still survive, including some of the original machinery. The machines were capable of making 130,000 ships' blocks a year, needing only ten unskilled men to operate them compared with the 110 skilled workers needed before their installation. This was the first well-known example of specialized machinery used for machining in an assembly-line type factory.
614:. After many difficulties this first tunnel under the Thames was completed in 1842. The tunnel would not have been possible without the innovative tunneling shield designed by Marc Brunel and built by Maudslay Sons & Field at their Lambeth works. Maudslay also supplied the steam-driven pumps that were important for keeping the tunnel workings dry.
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that it traveled in proportion to the turning of the work. This allowed screw threads to be precisely cut. Changing the gears gave various pitches. The ability of the slide-rest lathe to produce precision parts revolutionised the production of machine components. He standardized the screw threads used in his workshop and produced sets of
1091:) This is a collection of essays by various specialists, and comprises biographies of Maudslay, Roberts, Napier, Clement, Whitworth, Nasmyth and Muir, as well as an account of the London Engineering Scene at the time of Maudslay, and an account of the firm from the death of Maudslay in 1831 until its demise in 1904.
269:
at the
Arsenal. After two years, he was transferred to a carpenter's shop followed by a blacksmith's forge, where at the age of fifteen he began training as a blacksmith. He seems to have specialised in the lighter, more complex kind of forge work. During his time at the Arsenal, Maudslay also worked
378:
Maudslay designed a tool holder into which the cutting tool would be clamped, and which would slide on accurately planed surfaces to allow the cutting tool to move in either direction. The slide rest was positioned by a leadscrew to which power was transmitted through a pair of changeable gears so
361:
When
Maudslay began working for Bramah, the typical lathe was worked by a treadle and the workman held the cutting tool against the work. This did not allow for precision, especially in cutting iron, so screw threads were usually made by chipping and filing (that is, with skilled freehand use of
438:
In 1797, after having worked for Bramah for eight years, Maudslay was refused a wage increase to 30s a week so he decided to set up his own business. In 1798 he obtained a small shop and smithy in Wells Street, off Oxford Street. In 1800 he moved to larger premises in
Margaret Street, Cavendish
622:
In 1791 he married Bramah's housemaid, Sarah Tindel, together they had a daughter Isabel
Maudslay and four sons: Thomas Henry, the eldest, and Joseph, the youngest, subsequently joined their father in business. William, the second, became a civil engineer and was one of the founders of the
635:
Near the end of his life
Maudslay developed an interest in astronomy and began to construct a telescope. He intended to buy a house in Norwood and build a private observatory there, but died before he was able to accomplish his plan. In January 1831 he caught a chill while crossing the
522:. The type of engine he used for ships was a side-lever design, in which a beam was mounted alongside the cylinder. This reduced height in the cramped engine rooms of steamers. His first marine engine was built in 1815, of 17 h.p., and fitted to a Thames steamer named the
374:
were rare; metal screws, when made at all, were usually for use in wood. Metal bolts passing through wood framing to a metal fastening on the other side were usually fastened in non-threaded ways (such as clinching or upsetting against a washer).
563:, the first purpose-built transatlantic steamship. They patented a double cylinder direct acting engine in 1839. They introduced some of the earliest screw propulsion units for ships, including one for the first Admiralty screw steamship,
410:
may have done that in 1775; evidence is scant), but he did introduce the three-part combination of lead screw, slide rest, and change gears, sparking a great advance in machine tools and in the engineering use of screw threads.
707:. Maudslay played his part in the development of mechanical engineering when it was in its infancy, but he was especially pioneering in the development of machine tools to be used in engineering workshops across the world.
442:
By 1810, Maudslay was employing 80 workers and running out of room at his workshop, hence moved to larger premises in
Westminster Bridge Road, Lambeth. Maudslay also recruited a promising young Admiralty draughtsman,
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called for his services on the recommendation of one of his employees. Bramah was surprised that he was only eighteen, but
Maudslay demonstrated his ability and started work at Bramah's workshop in
306:
based on the tumbler principle, but had difficulty manufacturing at an economic price. Maudslay built the lock that was displayed in Bramah's shop window with a notice offering a reward of 200
383:
that would make nuts and bolts consistently to those standards, so that any bolt of the appropriate size would fit any nut of the same size. This was a major advance in workshop technology.
310:
to anyone who could pick it. It resisted all efforts for 47 years. Maudslay designed and made a set of special tools and machines that allowed the lock to be made at an economic price.
474:, his first major commission was to build a series of 42 woodworking machines to produce wooden rigging blocks (each ship required thousands) for the Navy under Sir
777:. Many books have spelled his surname with an "e" as "Maudsley"; but this seems to be an error propagated via citation of earlier books containing the same error.
544:
The marine engine business was developed by Henry's third son, Joseph
Maudslay (1801 - 1861). He had trained in shipbuilding at Northfleet and, with
1066:
for the query "Henry+Maudsley"+lathe (quotes inclusive) returns several hundred results that clearly are meant to refer to the same identity.
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710:
Maudslay's company was one of the most important
British engineering manufactories of the nineteenth century, finally closing in 1904.
570:, in 1841. By 1850 the firm had supplied more than 200 vessels with steam engines, though the firm's dominance was being challenged by
907:
Quentin R. Skrabec, Jr. (2005). "The
Metallurgic Age: The Victorian Flowering of Invention and Industrial Science". p. 169. McFarland
17:
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after visiting a friend in France. He was ill for four weeks and died on 14 February 1831. He was buried in the churchyard of
430:
Maudslay had shown himself to be so talented that after one year the nineteen-year-old was made manager of Bramah's workshop.
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1164:
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742:
813:. Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center. London, England : Golding and Lawrence : George Bell & Sons.
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Whitaker), the young widow of Joseph Laundy. His father was wounded in action and so in 1756 became an 'artificer' at the
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Maudslay's early screw-cutting lathes of circa 1797 while working for Joseph Bramah, and 1800 in his own business.
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The Portsmouth Block Mills: Bentham, Brunel and the start of the Royal Navy's Industrial Revolution
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of North Lambeth. In 1838, after Henry's death, the Lambeth works supplied a 750 h.p. engine for
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An entire chapter devoted to the Portsmouth machinery, of 18 pages and 7 plates.
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The Portsmouth Blockmaking Machinery: A Pioneering Enterprise in Mass Production
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with his machine tool technology. His most influential invention was the
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capable of measuring to one ten-thousandth of an inch (0.0001 in â 3
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Bagust, Harold, "The Greater Genius?", 2006, Ian Allan Publishing,
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789:, founded by Walter H. Maudslay, great grandson of Henry Maudslay.
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Maudslay's Lambeth works began to specialize in the production of
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Rolt, L.T.C., "Great Engineers", 1962, G. Bell and Sons Ltd, ISBN
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Many of the tools made by Maudslay are in the collection of the
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technology. His inventions were an important foundation for the
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Many outstanding engineers trained in his workshop, including
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Maudslay was the fifth of seven children of Henry Maudslay, a
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to cut metal, circa 1800, enabled the manufacture of standard
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have claimed), and may not have been the first to combine a
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530:, the first steam-powered vessel to be commissioned by the
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1159:); and by Lindsay Publications, Inc., Bradley, Illinois (
534:. In 1829 a side-lever engine of 400 h.p. completed for
1151:. Reprinted by McGraw-Hill, New York and London, 1926 (
827:, vol. 13, p. 81, accessed on ancestry.co.uk 2016-12-20
644:; he designed the memorial located in its Lady Chapel.
27:
English inventor and machine tool innovator (1771â1831)
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sizes for the first time. This allowed the concept of
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was the largest marine engine existing at that time.
174:) (22 August 1771 â 14 February 1831) was an English
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thereof; it therefore sounds the same as "Maudsley"
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Maudslay developed the first industrially practical
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478:. The machines were installed in the purpose-built
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1081:Henry Maudslay and the Pioneers of the Machine Age
1185:Pioneers of the Machine Tool Industry information
1142:, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press,
1012:"London, England, Marriages and Banns, 1754-1921"
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981:The Cyclopaedia of Arts, Science, and Literature
69:Portrait by Pierre Louis ('Henri') Grevedon 1827
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44:"Maudslay" redirects here. For other uses, see
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286:Maudslay acquired such a good reputation that
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1079:John Cantrell and Gillian Cookson, eds.,
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186:. He is considered a founding father of
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1052:. Yourdictionary.com. 22 May 2016.
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1110:Deane, Phyllis (1965).
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30:For the RAF pilot, see
1050:"Henry Maudsley Facts"
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388:slide-rest
267:cartridges
249:, between
217:Early life
139:Occupation
115:1831-02-15
82:1771-08-22
743:reduction
598:In 1825,
572:John Penn
565:HMS
536:HMS
528:Lightning
278:in 1772.
241:(then in
1157:27-24075
1148:16011753
1136:(1916),
1098:, 2005,
1034:Roe 1916
781:See also
729:such as
524:Richmond
439:Square.
239:Woolwich
184:inventor
142:Engineer
89:Woolwich
1187:at the
741:/ or a
735:Barclay
731:Lindsay
612:Wapping
567:Rattler
465:Victory
364:chisels
308:guineas
225:in the
134:English
123:Lambeth
113: (
101:England
80: (
1163:
1155:
1146:
1122:
1102:
1087:
998:
890:
880:
691:, Sir
648:Legacy
263:powder
257:Career
182:, and
95:(then
93:London
610:with
368:files
356:bolts
199:lathe
1161:ISBN
1153:LCCN
1144:LCCN
1120:ISBN
1100:ISBN
1085:ISBN
996:ISBN
950:HMSO
888:OCLC
878:ISBN
372:Nuts
366:and
354:and
352:nuts
243:Kent
108:Died
97:Kent
75:Born
733:or
727:-ay
703:),
574:'s
558:SS
556:'s
538:Dee
512:Dee
370:).
231:nee
99:),
1201::
1167:).
1036:,
956:.
948:.
934:^
900:^
886:.
860:^
832:^
758:ÉË
717:.
695:,
687:,
683:,
627:.
582:.
496:Ξm
398:,
358:.
237:,
213:.
194:.
91:,
1128:.
1106:.
1014:.
894:.
773:/
770:i
767:l
764:z
761:d
755:m
752:Ë
749:/
739:i
170:(
117:)
84:)
48:.
41:.
34:.
20:)
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