32:
229:, have used match funding to raise over £160m for thousands of different charitable projects. The match funding is provided by a network of philanthropists and funders, called 'Champions'. Research commissioned by the Big Give shows that more people give when donations are matched (84% of surveyed respondents said they would be more likely to give if donation was matched) and people give more (one in three donors said they would give more than they usually would if do).
367:, which has avoided partisan divisions. The programs work by making each contribution worth more than their current value, thereby increasing the proportional impact of the contribution. In New York City, for example, a $ 6-to-$ 1 program has resulted in "small dollar donors constitute the vast majority of spending in New York City elections, representing 73% of all contributions in 2013 and 80% specifically to City Council race". A report by the
112:. Corporate matches often take the form of employee matching gifts, which means that if an employee donates to a nonprofit, the employee's corporation will donate money to the same nonprofit according to a predetermined match ratio (usually 1:1). For foundations, a matching gift is a grant made directly to a nonprofit on the condition that the nonprofit raises a set quantity of money before the grant is bestowed.
390:
Others argue that the matching funds system benefits candidates with higher name recognition, especially if they are tied to a measure of popular support. Some have suggested that public funding actually has a negative effect on the perceptions the public has of the government, perhaps because public
382:
found that matching funds through a multiplier has increased the proportional role of small donors as well as the number of small donors. The programs have also helped to shift the demographic and class profile of those who give. Finally, besides diluting the power of major givers, these programs led
216:
In Canada, corporate donate an estimated $ 3 billion to nonprofit organizations per year through corporate sponsorships, donations, and grants. Matching funds from corporations are available to more than 480,000 individuals in Canada who work for Canada's largest companies like Royal Bank of Canada,
403:
reports, because each individual donor is listed separately with only the total dollar amount given for the donor. Campaign finance attorneys have said there is nothing in election law that prohibits campaigns from making false claims about their matching donor schemes. Some experts have said that
193:
In 1954, the
General Electric Foundation created the Corporate Alumni Program to match donations to the colleges and universities from which its employees had graduated. This eventually broadened to other charities. The foundation is one of the most generous, with a $ 5,000 match per employee per
375:
Programs of this type incentivize candidates to "fuse fundraising with voter outreach" and incentivize political engagement by communities that can afford only modest contributions. Candidates may then have more an incentive to reach out to their constituents rather than devoting their energy to
115:
The benefit of foundation matching grants is that they provide greater incentive leverage when a nonprofit is fundraising from its constituency. If a foundation approves a 1:1 matching grant, donors know that their dollars will be doubled. On the other side, foundations who give matching grants
371:
found that "by pumping up the value of small contributions, the New York City system gives an incentive to reach out to their own constituents rather than focusing all their attention on wealthy out-of-district donors, leading them to attract more diverse donors into the political process".
207:
In 2019, corporations donated $ 21 billion to nonprofit organizations. This was a 13.4% increase over 2018 corporate giving levels. In 2021, over 65% of
Fortune 500 companies offered an employee matching gift program with an estimated $ 2-3 billion donate through these programs each year.
386:
There is some dispute regarding the impact of matching funds programs like the one implemented in New York City. For example, "after implementing the public matching funds program in NYC, most recent mayoral election of 2009 witnessed the lowest voter turnout it's had since the 1960s".
119:
Some companies facilitate the process, allowing employers to match the gifts of more than 18 million individual employees across the United States. A matching gift, typically a one-time charitable gift made by an employee and matched by the employer, should not be confused with an
345:
Prior to a 2011 Supreme Court decision, states like
Arizona, Maine, New Mexico, North Carolina, and Wisconsin were using a system that distributed "additional funding to publicly financed candidates when they face big-spending opponents or opposition groups". The combined cases,
241:
was primarily built with a mix of 90% FHWA funds from the
Highway Trust Fund and 10% matching state DOT funds. In some cases, borrowed money may be used to meet criteria for a matching grant; the $ 550 million Canadian federal government investment to connect a
295:
That usually applies to the two main parties; as in order for a candidate to gain the benefits of matching funds, they must raise $ 5,000 from 20 states during the primaries or have received 5% of the popular vote in the general election.
262:
US federal matching grants have also funded historic preservation initiatives; a local historic property may be able to seek a 1:1 federal matching grant for specific capital projects, such as restoration of structures on the
356:(2011), held that "the law impermissibly forces private candidates and independent political organizations to either restrain their spending or risk triggering matching funds to their publicly financed opponents".
319:. The law also "established overall spending limits for eligibility to receive matching funds, and provided for public funding of major party candidates in the general election for president".
704:
761:
399:
When campaigns say they will match political contributions, it is not clear how they can legally do that, given campaign contribution limits. Matching does not show up on
237:
In the United States, many projects in the various states and communities are partially funded with federal grants with a requirement for matching funds. For example, the
292:
to match the money they have raised personally. Candidates can expect up to US$ 250 extra from public funds for each contribution from an individual they receive.
737:
161:, who provided him with substantial amounts of money to be applied for the betterment and education of black Americans in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
964:
92:
are funds that are set to be paid in proportion to funds available from other sources. Matching fund payments usually arise in situations of charity or
675:
481:
42:
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308:
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The effect that these have on the candidates for presidential campaigns is to strengthen the role that the party plays in raising money.
1332:
1435:
810:
289:
920:
164:
Washington wrote that Rogers had encouraged projects with at least partial matching funds so that two ends were accomplished:
1498:
939:
363:'s public financing model: public funds are used to multiply the impact of small donors. The program is administered by the
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Recipients would have a stake in knowing that they were helping themselves by their own hard work and sacrifice.
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467:
285:
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In philanthropic giving, foundations and corporations often give money to non-profit entities in the form of a
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880:
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537:
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400:
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highways even though the
Canadian money was nominally a loan, to be repaid by tolls on the new bridge.
1054:
904:
Primo, David M. (August 2010). "What Does
Research Say About Public Funding for Political Campaigns".
1307:
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between 1912 and 1932. During that time, over US$ 4.6 million additional dollars were contributed by
121:
20:
58:
841:"Small Donors, Big Democracy: New York City's Matching Funds as a Model for the Nation and States"
1503:
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383:
candidates to reach out and engage a more representative set of constituents during fundraising.
446:
1425:
1218:
1191:
989:
509:
100:, in-kind, and matching can be used interchangeably but refer to different types of donations.
786:"New York City Partial-Public Matching Program: A Model of Successful Campaign Finance Reform"
601:
1312:
1243:
1238:
1090:
605:
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qualified the state for US$ 2 billion in US federal matching grants that could rebuild other
921:"Campaigns say they'll match political contributions. It's not clear how they would do that"
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705:"Supreme Court strikes Arizona's 'matching funds' for publicly financed candidates"
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405:
183:
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408:, an election law professor at the University of California-Irvine, said in 2013.
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candidate in 2000, received matching funds despite winning only 0.4% of the vote.
1513:
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652:"Campaign Finance Regulation: Faulty Assumptions and Undemocratic Consequences"
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716:
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the claims of matching funds are outright lies. It is a "marketing gimmick",
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965:"Political campaigns are pitching donor-match programs that might not exist"
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762:"Public Financing of Judicial Races Can Give Small Donors a Decisive Role"
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receive assurance of the nonprofit's capacity to raise adequate funds.
333:
candidate for president, qualified for federal matching funds in the
19:
For the contributions to retirement plans in the United States, see
1452:
1337:
1274:
1140:
1125:
990:"Here's how campaigns are lying to their supporters to raise money"
251:
148:
391:
funding programs do not meet "the expectations set by reformers".
340:
1279:
1145:
275:
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881:"Benefits and Inequalities of Matching Funds - CFO - Compliance"
524:"Corporate Giving & Matching Gift Statistics (Updated 2021)"
190:
in the communities to respond to the challenge thus presented.
182:
continued and expanded the work, eventually funding over 5,000
125:
1284:
1269:
41:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1120:
790:
Committee for
Economic Development of The Conference Board
940:"Unlocking the Truth about 'Matching' Fundraising Emails"
738:"Small Donor Matching Funds: The NYC Election Experience"
496:"5 Matching Gift Stats That All Fundraisers Should Know"
468:"11 Essential Questions About Corporate Matching Gifts"
394:
1105:
307:The source of the funds comes from a $ 3 voluntary
1490:
625:. US Federal Election Commission. Archived from
194:year, totaling more than $ 18 million in 2019.
1015:"The anatomy of a misleading fundraising email"
811:"Donor Diversity Through Public Matching Funds"
585:
341:State funds for state and local candidates (US)
1071:Large corporations with matching gift programs
315:form. The program was established by the 1971
276:Federal funds for presidential candidates (US)
1091:
588:"Deal reached to build new bridge to Detroit"
39:The examples and perspective in this article
168:The gifts would help fund even greater work.
735:
617:
615:
480:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1333:Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis
1098:
1084:
1041:Presidential Election Campaign Fund (PECF)
623:"Public Funding of Presidential Elections"
270:
225:In the UK, a not-for-profit organisation,
1012:
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
1045:Public Funding of Presidential Elections
612:
465:
646:
644:
447:"Overview of Corporate Giving Programs"
348:Arizona Free Enterprise Fund v. Bennett
217:Deluxe Canada, and Sun Life Financial.
1491:
988:Miller, Zeke J. (September 30, 2014).
987:
838:
702:
232:
124:, which has to do with the employee's
1187:Charitable trust / Registered charity
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903:
756:
754:
736:Migally, Angela; Liss, Susan (2010).
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696:
678:. Fec.gov. 2012-04-27. Archived from
1224:Public-benefit nonprofit corporation
1209:Mutual-benefit nonprofit corporation
1062:Explanation provided on BBC website.
808:
747:. New York University School of Law.
641:
365:New York City Campaign Finance Board
265:National Register of Historic Places
257:
244:Detroit River International Crossing
25:
820:. New York University School of Law
16:Donation based on others' donations
13:
1013:Levinthal, Dave (March 29, 2013).
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693:
151:, had a long-time friendship with
14:
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1443:Master of Nonprofit Organizations
1034:
938:Pathé, Simone (October 2, 2017).
586:Dave Battagello (June 15, 2012).
395:Private matching of contributions
359:An alternative is a program like
284:, the term refers to the money a
220:
1055:Federal Matching Fund Guidelines
809:Genn, Elisabeth (May 14, 2012).
510:"Matching Gifts - GE Foundation"
202:
30:
1107:Charitable giving and practices
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963:Choma, Russ (August 15, 2019).
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832:
802:
778:
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376:financing their campaigns. The
1431:List of charitable foundations
676:"20120531_GJohnsonEligibility"
602:"Historic Preservation Grants"
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558:
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516:
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488:
459:
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1:
1214:Non-governmental organization
919:Piper, Jessica (2019-08-02).
703:Barnes, Robert (2011-06-26).
433:
335:2012 US presidential election
317:Federal Election Campaign Act
1499:Charity in the United States
197:
7:
1049:Federal Election Commission
1019:Center for Public Integrity
839:Malbin, Michael J. (2012).
538:"Corporate Giving - Canada"
466:Crowd101 (September 2020).
411:
401:Federal Election Commission
325:Former New Mexico Governor
53:, discuss the issue on the
10:
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1384:Charity / thrift / op shop
1260:Charity (Christian virtue)
818:Brennan Center for Justice
745:Brennan Center for Justice
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1308:Animal Charity Evaluators
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1252:
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248:Interstate 75 in Michigan
239:Interstate Highway System
211:
122:employer matching program
21:Employer matching program
552:"Canada Matching Gifts"
271:Political contributions
1426:Ethics of philanthropy
1419:Psychological barriers
1219:Nonprofit organization
1060:Federal Matching Funds
288:candidate is given by
1244:Voluntary association
1239:Religious corporation
906:Institute for Justice
860:10.1089/elj.2010.0099
606:National Park Service
573:www.theBigGive.org.uk
1389:Click-to-donate site
1253:Charity and religion
1066:Matching Gift Search
848:Election Law Journal
629:on February 22, 2006
379:Election Law Journal
142:Booker T. Washington
59:create a new article
51:improve this article
1509:Charity fundraising
709:The Washington Post
418:Corporate donations
353:McComish v. Bennett
233:Government projects
1414:Effective altruism
1399:Donor-advised fund
1364:Alternative giving
1343:Giving What We Can
1318:Charity assessment
1295:Charity evaluation
1131:Charity (practice)
290:federal government
1486:
1485:
1458:Visiting the sick
1323:Charity Navigator
1303:Aid effectiveness
1234:Social enterprise
1156:Humanity (virtue)
331:Libertarian Party
300:, running as the
282:American politics
258:Government grants
184:Rosenwald Schools
87:
86:
79:
61:, as appropriate.
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1478:Warm-glow giving
1473:Wall of kindness
1463:Voluntary sector
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554:. 3 August 2020.
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1468:Volunteer grant
1409:Earning to give
1369:Benefit concert
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1348:GreatNonprofits
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590:. Windsor Star.
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566:"A Great Match"
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1357:Further topics
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498:. 26 May 2020.
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