198:
319:
241:
172:, including the territory that is now Israel, required the mandatory administration to establish a commission to study, define, and determine the rights and claims relating to the different religious communities in Palestine. Article 15 required the mandatory administration to see to it that complete freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship were permitted, but this was never put into effect. The High Commissioner established the Orthodox Rabbinate, and retained a modified
132:
2258:
2268:
817:
20:
268:
Orthodox rabbi who converted him was not recognized in Israel. If a person's Jewish status is in doubt, formal conversion is required in order for them to be allowed to marry according to the
Orthodox rules which govern all marriages between Jews in Israel. This frequently occurs with Jews from the former Soviet Union
296:; under the agreement the husband commits to paying a large sum of money daily to his spouse in the event of a separation. It remains a criminal offense for Jews in Israel to marry in weddings performed outside the state's religious authority, and doing so can result in a jail sentence of up to two years.
611:
The 1973 Spouses' Property
Relations Act officially defined what assets would be divided after divorce or if one of the spouses dies, unless they both agreed beforehand. An amendment was later added to the 1973 law in 2008 to ensure that property would be divided equally among both spouses before the
543:
In 1962, the
Supreme Court determined that the Ministry of the Interior must register couples who married in a civil ceremony abroad, even if either or both of the couple were citizens of Israel. The act of registration is for statistical purposes only, and not a recognition of the personal status of
267:
standards to be recognised as valid. Non-Orthodox conversions are not recognized, nor are some
Orthodox conversions that do not meet the requirements of the Chief Rabbinate. For example, a man who converted to Orthodox Judaism in the United States was denied an official marriage in Israel because the
100:
registers marriages on presentation of the required documentation. Israel's religious authorities โ the only entities authorized to perform weddings in Israel โ are not permitted to marry couples where both partners do not have the same religion; the only way for people of different (or no) faith to
188:
arrangement, and marriages conducted in
Palestine outside these communities were not recognised. Consular marriages remained customary during the British Mandate, and civil divorces granted in other countries were registered and recognized by the mandatory administration. Provision was made for the
651:
is almost always granted to the mother following a divorce. In 2012, however, an amendment was added to the law to ensure that both the father and any child of the divorced parents who is at least six years of age would share equal rights as the mother as state-appointed social workers determine
101:
marry is by converting to the same religion. However, civil, interfaith, and same-sex marriages entered into abroad are recognized by the state; as a consequence
Israeli residents not permitted to marry in Israel sometimes marry overseas, often in nearby Cyprus, or are married on Israeli soil via
623:
required criminal prosecution of men or women who refuse to grant or accept a divorce after being instructed to do so by a rabbinical court, although some said it would not have a dramatic impact since criminal proceedings will only be possible if the rabbinical court issues a rarely used ruling
223:
and has been maintained, despite numerous changes of government since. Under the arrangement, the
Mandate period confessional system would continue, with membership in the Jewish community being on the basis of membership of a body called "Knesset Israel", which was a voluntary organization that
368:
A Muslim woman may petition for and receive a divorce through the sharia courts without her husband's consent under certain conditions, and a marriage contract may provide for other circumstances in which she may obtain a divorce without her husband's consent. A Muslim man may divorce his wife
303:
In 2019, it was reported that there was a growing trend for
Israeli couples to marry in Israel outside of the Rabbinate's jurisdiction. There was a consistent growth in the number of couples marrying outside of the Rabbinate, and a drop in the number of couples marrying within the Rabbinate.
569:
survey, more than 98% of
Israelis are married to a partner of the same religion. 97% of Israeli Jews would be uncomfortable if their child married a Muslim and 89% would be uncomfortable if their child married a Christian. The vast majority of secular Israeli Jews oppose interfaith marriage.
474:
community was recognized as a separate community from the Muslim community in 1957. In 1962, separate Druze courts were established to deal with personal status issues in the Druze community, alongside the rabbinical courts, the Sharia courts, and the courts of the
Christian communities.
544:
the couple, as registration does not determine the validity of the marriage. In 2006, the Supreme Court voted 6-1 to recognize same-sex marriages performed in other countries. Overseas marriages are increasingly popular; about 9,000 couples registered overseas marriages with the
592:
on 7 March 2023, with the court siding against the Interior Ministry who appealed the lower court's ruling. The ruling allows for couples to not have to leave Israeli soil in order to receive solemnization of a civil marriage, but was opposed by religious parties in the
461:
to request permission to perform the marriage and be granted a marriage certificate, stating the names, nationalities, and religious affiliation of the couple. It usually takes two to four weeks for these formalities to be completed before the marriage can take place.
535:
must be recognized in Israel. The issue of recognizing civil marriages is of special significance because Orthodox Judaism has various prohibitions involving marriages. The couples in these prohibited marriage situations sometimes marry overseas, mostly
509:; according to a 2013 Knesset report, 30% of Negev Bedouin men have more than one wife. Some Bedouin men use nominal divorces or unrecognized marriages with women who are not Israeli citizens in order to circumvent the law. In 2017, Justice Minister
456:
denominations other than the above-mentioned recognized Anglican, and Lutheran churches with special arrangements, marriages are considered on a case-by-case basis: the religious minister conducting the marriage ceremony writes a letter to the
218:
and the religious parties reached an agreement that included an understanding that matters of personal status in Israel, which included marriage, would continue to be determined by religious authorities. This arrangement has been termed the
150:
which controlled the territory that is now Israel, all matters of a religious nature and personal status, which included marriage, were within the jurisdiction of Muslim courts and the courts of other recognized religions, called
112:, the right of a spouse of an Israeli citizen to automatic Israeli citizenship is dependent on the country or territory of the spouse; it is not automatic for West Bank residents or citizens of certain Muslim-majority countries.
631:
passed a law, slated to remain in effect for three years, allowing Israelโs rabbinical courts to handle certain cases of Jewish women wishing to divorce their Jewish husbands, even if neither spouse is an Israeli citizen. The
501:, 5719 (1959), it is illegal to marry in Israel while currently married, regardless of religion. Since 1977, attempting to take a second spouse can be punished by up to five years in jail, although the law is rarely enforced.
236:
with jurisdiction over marriage and divorce for all Jews in Israel. The rabbinate's standards and interpretations in these matters are generally used by the Israeli Interior Ministry in registering marriages and divorces.
1503:
2223:
161:. Capitulation Treaties also permitted the registration of marriages and divorces in the British, German, American, and other consulates during the Ottoman period. Jewish religious matters were handled by the
427:
churches, Anglicanism having been included with the other recognised churches in 1970. At the same time, special arrangements for the recognition of marriage were made between the State of Israel and the
2233:
2147:
1747:
47:
performed within the country are not legally recognized. However, marriages performed abroad or remotely from Israel must be registered by the government. Matrimonial law is based on the
873:
197:
1589:
1982:
282:
In October 2013, the Tzohar Law was passed, allowing Jews to choose to be married by any rabbi recognized by the Chief Rabbinate instead of only their community rabbi. In 2015,
2228:
2187:
300:
ranked Israel as the only Western democracy that is on a par with Islamic states including Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia in relation to freedom of marriage.
1507:
745:
2197:
2142:
2062:
1418:
1060:
1153:
88:. Marriages in each community are under the jurisdiction of their own religious authorities. The religious authority for Jewish marriages performed in Israel is the
2152:
2127:
2042:
2022:
1972:
1932:
2238:
2117:
1721:
2182:
2132:
2067:
624:
obligating a spouse to agree to the divorce. As of 2019, the number of Jewish divorces granted per year has been increasing; 11,145 couples divorced in 2018.
2052:
1937:
1927:
2292:
2037:
1952:
1947:
1631:
2243:
2162:
2122:
2097:
2077:
224:
managed registrations of people who were related to it โ that is, those recognised as Jews. There does not seem to have been any dispute at the time of
2082:
2047:
2002:
1394:
903:
562:
The issue of civil marriages is a major issue for secular and non-Orthodox Jews, as they are required to follow Orthodox practice to marry in Israel.
1338:
881:
837:
1284:
993:
1678:
1604:
483:
In 2013, the minimum age for marriage in Israel was raised to 18; it had earlier been 18 for men and 17 for women, then equalised at 17 years.
123:
than among secular Jews. However, an average age at first marriage among all social groups was reported to be 30.6 for men and 28.2 for women.
1696:
1188:
957:
1579:
1859:
1460:
1035:
1011:
2172:
1158:
851:
691:
522:
797:
822:
726:
109:
513:
began a crackdown against the practice. Out of more than 300 cases investigated in 2018, 16 men were indicted for polygamy.
1899:
1089:
1085:
1163:
619:
and finalized by Rabbinical Judges. On 15 November 2016, the Get Procedure was officially regulated after State Attorney
184:, and nine Christian denominations. All those who were not members of these recognised communities were excluded from the
681:
594:
545:
627:
Israeli Jewish couples who marry in civil ceremonies outside Israel must divorce via the rabbinical courts. In 2018 the
2192:
686:
1841:
1660:
263:
rules apply to converts who want to marry in Israel. Under these rules, a conversion to Judaism must strictly follow
784:
1201:
974:
1639:
2302:
671:
458:
1772:
1012:"Israeli rabbinic, legal groups partner for prenup in bid to prevent agunot | Jewish Telegraphic Agency"
412:
362:
97:
718:
2307:
1478:"ืื ืืจืืืื ืืืื (ืืืืืืช) ืืืจืืขืื ืืืืืขืื, ืืืงืจืชื (ืืืงืจืชืืื) ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืจืฅ, ืื ื ืืืจืืขืื ืืจืื"
1553:
1439:
2092:
1810:
676:
378:
1529:
1243:
Geis, Gilbert (1977). "Rape-in-marriage: Law and law reform in England, the United States, and Sweden".
2297:
440:
churches. Christians may seek official separations or divorces, depending on the denomination, through
2312:
1129:
396:
233:
89:
760:
531:
ruled that marriages entered into outside Israel conducted by a rabbinical court in accordance with
115:
As of 2018 over 50 percent of Israelis married before age 25, with marriage rates much higher among
2107:
1914:
1892:
408:
347:
209:
1112:
951:
2032:
2027:
1922:
641:
589:
528:
287:
156:
48:
1942:
616:
404:
335:
297:
291:
152:
54:
40:
105:
by an officiant from overseas if such solemnization is legal in the officiant's home country.
2112:
1992:
494:. Rape, including spousal rape, is now a felony in Israel, punishable by 16 years in prison.
365:. Inter-faith marriages are permitted only between Muslim men and Christian or Jewish women.
283:
169:
1722:"Israel gives rabbinical courts unprecedented jurisdiction over Diaspora Jews - Israel News"
1213:
652:
child custody. The age of the child with equal privilege was later lowered to two in 2013.
2087:
2057:
1957:
1370:
1315:
441:
44:
1365:
1310:
8:
2212:
2157:
2072:
1885:
1557:
802:
666:
633:
566:
383:
There are ten officially recognised churches for the purposes of marriage. These are the
339:
220:
189:
registration of marriages, but not for the manner in which marriages would be conducted.
62:
615:
The divorce process in Israel for married people of Jewish faith is administered by the
290:, introduced a prenuptial agreement meant to help ensure divorcing wives will receive a
2202:
2137:
2102:
2017:
1967:
537:
433:
2267:
2012:
1987:
1977:
1962:
1837:
722:
400:
318:
313:
1997:
559:
in Israel if they are both registered as officially not belonging to any religion.
240:
229:
215:
181:
116:
93:
961:
712:
578:
437:
420:
416:
343:
66:
1697:"Jewish divorces in Israel up 5% in 2018, with 86% increase in one central town"
1605:"Israel must recognize online marriages conducted via Utah, Supreme Court rules"
1271:
The English Law of Bigamy in a Multi-Confessional Society: The Israel Experience
1184:
1461:"Israel Couples Say 'I Don't' to Orthodox Marriage โ Opt for Civil Ceremonies."
818:"Selected Data from the 2018 Social Survey: Residence, Family and Work Balance"
661:
581:
506:
388:
384:
269:
201:
147:
135:
102:
58:
2286:
2261:
1422:
648:
510:
453:
276:
1792:"Israel's Justice Minister: Divorced Parents Must Share Custody of Children"
1426:
637:
487:
225:
162:
24:
1773:"UN calls on Israel to amend custody law - National News - Jerusalem Post"
1395:"Out of Over 300 Polygamy Cases in Israel in 2018, 16 Reached Indictments"
2271:
1061:"More and More Orthodox Israelis Are Ditching the Rabbinate, Study Shows"
620:
556:
355:
177:
131:
1343:
392:
286:(a religious Zionist rabbinic organization in Israel), along with the
1679:"Israeli divorce refusal to be criminalized in certain circumstances"
925:
874:"Israel's Chief Rabbinate Rejects some Diaspora Orthodox Conversions"
139:
1791:
852:"'Father unknown': A dread biblical status leads to modern problems"
1877:
1811:"Only Shared Ground on Child-custody Amendment: Everybody Hates It"
1419:
Getting Married in Israel: Why It So Often Means Hiring a Detective
1270:
1036:"In Ottoman holdover, Israel doubles down on marriage restrictions"
502:
429:
424:
251:
restrictions on marriage are applied in Israel. So, for example, a
36:
1366:"Regavim blocks attempts to create legal 'back door' for polygamy"
1117:
This article incorporates public domain material from this source
628:
553:
Civil Union Law for Citizens with no Religious Affiliation, 2010
1863:
1311:"Polygamy fueling mass Bedouin illegal immigration into Israel"
798:"Majority Of Israelis Marry By 25, Most Have First Child By 27"
606:
491:
351:
331:
256:
77:
32:
1580:"A court in Israel recognizes online civil marriages as valid"
1440:"Israel's Supreme Court recognizes foreign same-sex marriages"
1113:
2010 Human Rights Report: Israel and the occupied territories.
746:"A Free People in Our Land: Gender Equality in a Jewish State"
975:"Knesset passes 'revolutionary' marriage registration reform"
471:
323:
252:
120:
81:
16:
Legal status of marriages and divorces in the state of Israel
1834:
Marriage and Divorce in the Jewish State: Israel's Civil War
1285:"Bedouin women are pushing Israel to crack down on polygamy"
640:
to a man undergoing a divorce if he neglects to fulfill his
61:, including what is now Israel, was not modified during the
1748:"Australian Barred From Leaving Israel Until the Year 9999"
1477:
1261:
David Kauzlarich, Introduction to Criminology, 2008, p. 79.
1086:"Behind the Headlines: Facts and Figures - Islam in Israel"
585:
73:
361:
Muslim marriages are conducted in accordance with Islamic
19:
1584:
994:"Centrist Party in Israel Introduces Civil Union Measure"
574:
275:
In order to marry, Jewish couples must attend classes on
577:
recognized civil and religious marriages solemnized on
490:
is a crime in a 1980 decision, citing law based on the
369:
without her consent and without petitioning the court.
1790:
Zarchin, Tomer; Weiler-Polak, Dana (19 January 2012).
1632:"Property - Couples Married After 1974 - Relevant Law"
904:"Are Israel's Marriage Laws 'Archaic and Irrelevant'?"
176:
system that recognized eleven religious communities:
72:
Israel recognizes only marriages under the faiths of
1831:
1789:
259:are restricted as to whom they can marry. Orthodox
1832:Weiss, Susan M.; Gross-Horowitz, Netty C. (2013).
647:Under the nation's Capacity and Guardianship Law,
1339:"Israel sees Bedouin polygamy as security threat"
2284:
1202:Israel raises minimum marriage age from 17 to 18
785:Married On The Mediterranean โ But Not In Israel
714:Making Constitutions in Deeply Divided Societies
516:
39:can be performed only under the auspices of the
354:, but was reconstituted in Jerusalem after the
255:may not marry a convert to Judaism. Similarly,
232:were established under the jurisdiction of the
1554:"Intergroup marriage and friendship in Israel"
836:United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
1893:
761:"Human Rights in Israel: Freedom of Religion"
704:
710:
257:children of adulterous and incestuous unions
2293:Marriage, unions and partnerships in Israel
1626:
1624:
1255:
65:of the region, and remains in force in the
1900:
1886:
1030:
1028:
944:
826:(Press release) (in Hebrew). 18 June 2019.
505:is nevertheless still practised by Muslim
1392:
1308:
1108:
1106:
338:as the Muslim religious authority in the
1621:
1412:
1282:
865:
843:
758:
486:The Israeli Supreme Court affirmed that
317:
239:
196:
130:
18:
1187:, ืืจืืืื ืืืฉืจืื: ืืืื ืืืกืืืจื ืืืจืืื ,
1025:
991:
692:Marriage in the Palestinian territories
588:as legal. The ruling was upheld by the
573:In September 2022, an Israeli court in
523:Recognition of civil marriage in Israel
350:. The council was abolished in 1948 by
86:specified denominations of Christianity
85:
2285:
1602:
1527:
1236:
1103:
901:
895:
717:. Cambridge University Press. p.
244:A sip of wine under the wedding canopy
57:system which had been employed in the
1881:
1745:
1475:
1393:Ben Zikri, Almog (25 November 2018).
1336:
1283:Schwartz, Yardena (22 October 2018).
871:
849:
787:The Jewish Week. Retrieved 2015-10-01
740:
738:
372:
110:Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law
1907:
1860:"Why Does Torah Law Allow Polygamy?"
1309:Rosenberg, David (11 January 2017).
1242:
830:
478:
1857:
1808:
838:"Mean age at first marriage by sex"
682:Unregistered cohabitation in Israel
334:. In 1922, the British created the
307:
192:
13:
1825:
1200:Times of Israel, 4 November 2013:
923:
735:
687:Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem
465:
279:, even if they are not religious.
14:
2324:
1851:
1809:Lis, Jonathan (8 December 2013).
1746:Chung, Frank (28 December 2021).
1214:Knesset raises marriage age to 18
992:Rudoren, Jodi (29 October 2013).
2266:
2257:
2256:
1592:from the original on 2023-02-10.
1530:"Secularism vs Orthodox Judaism"
952:"Changing Israelโs Marriage Law"
499:Penal Law Amendment (Bigamy) Law
1802:
1783:
1765:
1739:
1714:
1689:
1671:
1653:
1596:
1572:
1546:
1528:Marcus, Jonathan (1998-04-22).
1521:
1496:
1484:(in Hebrew). ืืืื ืืืจืืขืื ืืืจืื
1469:
1454:
1432:
1386:
1358:
1330:
1302:
1276:
1264:
1219:
1206:
1194:
1178:
1146:
1130:"Freedom of Religion in Israel"
1122:
1078:
1053:
1004:
985:
972:
966:
917:
902:Meyers, Nechemia (1997-07-12).
850:Gross, Judah Ari (2022-04-14).
23:Bride and groom praying at the
2224:British Indian Ocean Territory
810:
790:
777:
752:
672:Interfaith marriage in Judaism
555:, allowing a couple to form a
459:Ministry of Religious Services
447:
1:
1603:Sharon, Jeremy (2023-03-07).
1476:Julie, Dayer (4 March 2013).
697:
517:Recognition of civil marriage
43:to which couples belong, and
1442:. Wikinews. 22 November 2006
1134:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
872:Tigay, Chanan (2006-05-26).
823:Central Bureau of Statistics
765:www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org
546:Central Bureau of Statistics
340:British Mandate of Palestine
170:British Mandate of Palestine
7:
1090:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
677:Same-sex marriage in Israel
655:
612:divorce rather than after.
551:In 2010, Israel passed the
379:Christian views of marriage
326:at a village wedding, 1930s
10:
2329:
1504:"Civil Marriage in Israel"
1115:U.S. Department of state.
878:New Jersey Jewish Standard
604:
600:
520:
376:
311:
207:
155:, under a system known as
126:
2252:
2211:
2171:
1913:
783:Michel Chabin 2013-06-13
759:Shetreet, Shimon (n.d.).
330:Most Israeli Muslims are
234:Chief Rabbinate of Israel
98:Israeli Interior Ministry
90:Chief Rabbinate of Israel
1973:East Timor (Timor-Leste)
1000:– via NYTimes.com.
960:October 9, 2007, at the
540:, which is near Israel.
348:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem
210:Jewish views of marriage
153:confessional communities
2234:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1212:Ynetnews.com, 11.4.13:
1191:, e-mago magazine, 1998
590:Supreme Court of Israel
529:Supreme Court of Israel
288:Israeli Bar Association
165:and the Jewish courts.
1159:U.S. Embassy in Israel
413:Melkite Greek Catholic
336:Supreme Muslim Council
327:
245:
205:
204:in Israel, early 1950s
143:
55:confessional community
28:
2303:Religion and politics
1337:Zaken, Danny (2017).
1014:. Jta.org. 2015-03-03
854:. The Times of Israel
711:Hanna Lerner (2011).
565:According to a 2016
442:ecclesiastical courts
321:
243:
200:
134:
84:communities, and ten
45:inter-faith marriages
22:
2148:United Arab Emirates
1636:Family Law in Israel
1466:. 20 November 2013.
1429:, February 13, 2013.
1371:Israel National News
1316:Israel National News
1227:Law of Family Rights
906:. Jewish News Weekly
221:status quo agreement
27:before their wedding
2308:Marriage by country
2175:limited recognition
1661:"The Get Procedure"
1609:The Times of Israel
1558:Pew Research Center
1245:Adelaide Law Review
1231:Age of Marriage Law
1229:1917 for males and
973:Gur, Haviv Rettig.
803:The Times of Israel
667:Common-law marriage
567:Pew Research Center
346:(1895โ1974) as the
228:. However, in 1953
41:religious community
998:The New York Times
434:Ethiopian Orthodox
397:Armenian Apostolic
373:Christian churches
328:
246:
206:
168:Article 14 of the
144:
29:
2298:Society of Israel
2280:
2279:
2217:other territories
1374:. 8 November 2018
950:Mazie, Steven V.
728:978-1-139-50292-4
595:Netanyahu cabinet
584:by officiants in
479:Civil regulations
417:Maronite Catholic
409:Chaldean Catholic
401:Armenian Catholic
314:Marriage in Islam
230:rabbinical courts
94:Rabbinical courts
2320:
2313:Marriage in Asia
2270:
2260:
2259:
2229:Christmas Island
1915:Sovereign states
1908:Marriage in Asia
1902:
1895:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1847:
1819:
1818:
1806:
1800:
1799:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1638:. Archived from
1628:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1525:
1519:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1506:. Archived from
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1473:
1467:
1458:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1436:
1430:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1240:
1234:
1233:1950 for females
1223:
1217:
1210:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1162:. Archived from
1150:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1126:
1120:
1110:
1101:
1100:
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2108:Saudi Arabia
2007:
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1067:. 2019-12-04
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636:can issue a
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25:Western Wall
2272:Asia portal
2173:States with
2093:Philippines
2033:South Korea
2028:North Korea
1923:Afghanistan
1752:news.com.au
1464:The Forward
1189:liat ytzhak
932:(in Hebrew)
621:Shai Nitzan
557:civil union
448:Protestants
356:Six-Day War
178:Sunni Islam
2287:Categories
2153:Uzbekistan
2128:Tajikistan
2043:Kyrgyzstan
2023:Kazakhstan
1943:Bangladesh
1933:Azerbaijan
1732:2018-06-27
1646:2016-09-03
1614:2023-10-25
1539:2007-07-24
1514:2014-01-06
1446:7 December
1344:Al-Monitor
1154:"Marriage"
1139:2018-10-29
1071:2019-12-04
1018:2015-03-17
910:2008-07-17
888:2008-07-17
858:2023-10-04
770:2017-05-16
698:References
605:See also:
497:Under the
454:Protestant
393:Latin rite
377:See also:
363:sharia law
312:See also:
208:See also:
146:Under the
108:Under the
2239:Hong Kong
2193:Palestine
2118:Sri Lanka
2113:Singapore
1993:Indonesia
1757:5 January
548:in 2011.
538:in Cyprus
358:in 1967.
214:In 1947,
140:Jerusalem
2262:Category
2183:Abkhazia
2133:Thailand
2088:Pakistan
2068:Mongolia
2063:Maldives
2058:Malaysia
1958:Cambodia
1836:. UPNE.
1590:Archived
1534:BBC News
1289:NBC News
1225:Ottoman
958:Archived
656:See also
503:Polygyny
430:Lutheran
425:Anglican
265:halachic
261:halachic
249:Halakhic
92:and the
37:marriage
2158:Vietnam
2073:Myanmar
2053:Lebanon
1983:Georgia
1938:Bahrain
1928:Armenia
1815:Haaretz
1796:Haaretz
1726:Haaretz
1706:12 June
1564:12 June
1488:14 June
1399:Haaretz
1095:12 June
1065:Haaretz
1045:12 June
936:12 June
629:Knesset
601:Divorce
533:halakha
298:Hiddush
127:History
121:Muslims
2203:Taiwan
2138:Turkey
2103:Russia
2038:Kuwait
2018:Jordan
2008:Israel
1968:Cyprus
1953:Brunei
1948:Bhutan
1869:15 May
1864:Chabad
1840:
1665:Chabad
1482:ืืจืืืื
1404:14 May
1378:14 May
1350:14 May
1322:14 May
1294:14 May
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1170:16 May
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492:Talmud
436:, and
352:Jordan
332:Sunnis
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186:millet
174:millet
158:millet
142:, 2011
96:. The
80:, and
78:Muslim
74:Jewish
50:millet
33:Israel
2244:Macau
2163:Yemen
2123:Syria
2098:Qatar
2078:Nepal
2013:Japan
1988:India
1978:Egypt
1963:China
472:Druze
324:dabke
253:kohen
82:Druze
2083:Oman
2048:Laos
2003:Iraq
1998:Iran
1871:2019
1838:ISBN
1759:2022
1708:2019
1566:2019
1490:2016
1448:2017
1406:2019
1380:2019
1352:2019
1324:2019
1296:2019
1172:2022
1097:2019
1047:2019
938:2019
723:ISBN
586:Utah
579:Zoom
470:The
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