1946:
1923:
1913:
175:
1934:
279:
of
European culture as dominated by the concepts of separation and control, with separation establishing dichotomies like "man" and "nature", "the European" and "the other", "thought" and "emotion" – separations that in effect end up negating the existence of "the other", who or which becomes
331:
as an "excellent delineation of the ethics of harmonious coexistence between human beings", but cites the book's "overlooking of structures of social inequality and conflict that one finds in all societies, including indigenous ones," as a weakness.
280:
subservient to the needs of (European) man. Control is disguised in universalism as in reality "the use of abstract 'universal' formulations in the
European experience has been to control people, to impress them, and to intimidate them."
291:
or vital force is domination, reflected in all
European-based structures and the imposition of Western values and civilisation on peoples around the world, destroying cultures and languages in the name of progress.
340:
as an "elegant work". Stephen Howe accuses Ani of having little interest in actual Africa (beyond romance) and challenges her critique of "Eurocentric" logic since she invests heavily in its usage in the book.
1759:
590:
1107:
307:
thinkers have subsequently popularized and expanded on Ani's conceptualization. Citing both the centuries-long history of slavery and more recent examples like the
1732:
1091:
471:
315:
have an "enormous capacity for the perpetration of physical violence against other cultures" that had resulted in "antihuman, genocidal" treatment of blacks.
194:, Ani argued that European thought implicitly believes in its own superiority, stating: "European culture is unique in the assertion of political interest".
2001:
1981:
1747:
2056:
2081:
2071:
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2061:
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2016:
1986:
2051:
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224:, a culture's "vital force" or "energy source", which "gives it its emotional tone and motivates the collective behavior of its members".
656:
598:
2031:
1991:
1717:
2076:
2006:
1135:
158:, from an African perspective. Described by the author as an "intentionally aggressive polemic", the book derives its title from a
128:; they divorced in 1966. She has taught as a Professor of African Studies in the Department of Black and Puerto Rican Studies at
2021:
214:, "culturally structured thought" or worldview, "the way in which the thought of members of a culture must be patterned if the
1753:
2041:
1631:
1073:
1031:
997:
960:
889:
855:
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New York
African Studies Association. Conference; Seth Nii Asumah; Ibipo Johnston-Anumonwo; John Karefah Marah (April 2002).
634:
567:
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479:
1996:
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1893:
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1651:
415:"Writing as a means of enabling Afrikan Self-determination," in Elizabeth Nuñez and Brenda M. Greene (eds),
403:
Selected Papers from the
Proceedings of the Conference on Ethics, Higher Education and Social Responsibility
1971:
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1692:
1128:
150:, examined the influence of European culture on the formation of modern institutional frameworks, through
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8:
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80:, a comprehensive critique of European thought and culture, and her coining of the term "
1853:
1832:
1557:
1507:
1482:
1472:
1457:
1411:
1396:
1066:
Dispatches from the Ebony Tower: intellectuals confront the
African American experience
1053:
449:
439:
333:
381:"The Nyama of the Blacksmith: The Metaphysical Significance of Metallurgy in Africa,"
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1477:
1249:
1190:
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1069:
1027:
993:
956:
919:
885:
851:
817:
780:
746:
705:
664:
630:
563:
388:"The African 'Aesthetic' and National Consciousness," in Kariamu Welsh-Asante (ed.),
287:
of
European culture "is structured by ideology and bio-cultural experience", and its
85:
1321:
1306:
530:
369:
Let The Circle Be
Unbroken: The Implications of African Spirituality in the Diaspora
201:, Ani proposed a tripartite conceptualization of culture, based on the concepts of
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913:
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374:"Let The Circle Be Unbroken: The Implications of African-American Spirituality,"
361:"European Mythology: The Ideology of Progress," in M. Asante and A. Vandi (eds),
191:
73:
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Yurugu: An
Afrikan-Centered Critique of European Cultural Thought and Behavior
396:
Yurugu: An
Afrikan-centered Critique of European Cultural Thought and Behavior
178:
148:
Yurugu: An Afrikan-Centered Critique of European Cultural Thought and Behavior
1965:
1950:
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legend of an incomplete and destructive being rejected by its creator.
1760:
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League
1542:
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1200:
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1933:
1296:
559:
The Price They Paid: desegregation in an African American community
555:
1878:
1113:
626:
Breaking the Code of Good Intentions: everyday forms of whiteness
300:
299:, based on a Swahili word meaning "great disaster", to describe
1256:
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296:
133:
109:
81:
132:
in New York City, and is credited with introducing the term
121:
244:
are neologisms created by Ani, based on the Swahili words
410:
To Heal a People: Afrikan Scholars Defining a New Reality
112:
degrees in anthropology from the Graduate Faculty of the
1733:
Pan-African Freedom Movement for East and Central Africa
1108:
Drs. Frances Cress-Welsing And Marimba Ani / The Meeting
268:, but as its manifestations, which are "born out of the
236:
is a common Swahili word meaning "origin" or "essence";
208:, the central seed or "germinating matrix" of a culture,
881:
Wild politics: feminism, globalisation, bio/diversity
701:
Wild politics: feminism, globalisation, bio/diversity
693:
691:
689:
687:
371:. New York: Nkonimfo Publications, 1988 (orig. 1980).
1748:
Popular and Social League of the Great Sahara Tribes
985:
650:
412:, Columbia, MD.: Kujichagulia Press, 1996 (91-125).
124:field secretary, and married civil-rights activist
684:
660:The Africana human condition and global dimensions
622:
556:Vivian Gunn Morris; Curtis L. Morris (July 2002).
405:, Washington, D.C.: Howard University Press, 1996.
228:The terms Ani uses in this framework are based on
1068:(New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2000),
365:, Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1980 (59-79).
1963:
843:
408:"To Heal a People", in Erriel Kofi Addae (ed.),
981:
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877:
742:Afrocentrism: mythical pasts and imagined homes
697:
549:
392:, Westport, Ct.: Greenwood Press, 1993 (63-82)
1129:
1013:
992:. University of Illinois Press. p. 191.
871:
805:
803:
502:"Welcome to the Civil Rights Digital Library"
417:Defining Ourselves; Black Writers in the 90's
976:
948:
944:
942:
738:
295:The book also addresses the use of the term
2002:Activists for African-American civil rights
1982:21st-century African-American women writers
772:
663:. Global Academic Publishing. p. 263.
466:
464:
1136:
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837:
800:
766:
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732:
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618:
616:
16:Anthropologist and African Studies scholar
1718:Organisation of African Trade Union Unity
939:
905:
2057:21st-century African-American scientists
1678:All-African People's Revolutionary Party
629:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 28.
461:
2082:21st-century American social scientists
2072:21st-century African-American academics
1437:I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson
725:
704:. Spinifex Press. pp. 17–19, 388.
613:
419:, New York: Peter Lang, 1999 (209–211).
1964:
779:. Africa World Press. pp. xi, 1.
562:. Teachers College Press. p. 10.
525:
523:
350:"The Ideology of European Dominance,"
311:, Ani argued that Europeans and white
2087:21st-century African-American writers
1117:
989:African American History Reconsidered
986:Pero Gaglo Dagbovie (15 March 2010).
955:. Juta and Company Ltd. p. 172.
850:. Multilingual Matters. p. 101.
847:English in Africa: after the Cold War
318:
2062:20th-century African-American people
1713:International African Service Bureau
623:Melanie E. L. Bush (July 28, 2004).
398:. Trenton: Africa World Press, 1994.
352:The Western Journal of Black Studies
264:are not viewed as separate from the
2067:20th-century African-American women
2017:American women political scientists
1987:21st-century American women writers
1754:Rassemblement DĂ©mocratique Africain
1076:, page=198. Accessed: July 4, 2011.
1019:
911:
816:. Africa World Press. p. xxv.
809:
520:
354:. Vol. 3, No. 4, Winter, 1979, and
136:to describe the African holocaust.
13:
2052:American women non-fiction writers
1683:All-African Trade Union Federation
1143:
918:. Africa World Press. p. 72.
14:
2098:
1743:Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
1082:
2032:American social sciences writers
1992:African-American anthropologists
1944:
1932:
1922:
1921:
1912:
1911:
1058:Afrocentricity, Race, and Reason
385:. Vol. 12, No. 2, December 1981.
173:
91:
76:scholar best known for her work
2077:21st-century American academics
2007:American civil rights activists
1869:All-African Peoples' Conference
1098:, Women of the African Diaspora
1089:A Look At Professor Marimba Ani
1047:
884:. Spinifex Press. p. 388.
472:"Women of the African Diaspora"
358:, No. 111, 3rd Quarterly, 1979.
344:
190:Examining the causes of global
583:
494:
283:According to Ani's model, the
1:
2022:American political scientists
1894:United States of Latin Africa
1723:Organisation of African Unity
1652:African Leadership University
476:womenoftheafricandiaspora.com
455:
2042:University of Chicago alumni
1708:First Pan-African Conference
7:
952:African Voices in Education
745:. Verso. pp. 247–248.
423:
325:African Voices in Education
10:
2103:
2027:American political writers
1647:African Leadership Academy
363:Contemporary Black Thought
272:and, in turn, affirm it."
181:– Yurugu and the European
96:Marimba Ani completed her
1939:Pan-Africanism portal
1907:
1846:
1815:
1777:
1703:Economic Freedom Fighters
1693:Convention People's Party
1668:African Unification Front
1660:
1639:
1630:
1445:
1284:
1275:
1224:
1158:
1151:
844:Alamin M. Mazrui (2004).
172:
167:
139:
55:
45:
38:
28:
21:
1859:African-American leftism
1608:Henry Sylvester Williams
1372:Ochola Ogaye Mak'Anyengo
878:Susan Hawthorne (2002).
698:Susan Hawthorne (2002).
401:"The African Asili," in
383:Journal of Black Studies
218:is to be fulfilled", and
2047:Women social scientists
1917:Pan-Africanism category
1889:United States of Africa
1884:Union of African States
1874:East African Federation
1823:Ethnic groups of Africa
1728:Pan African Association
1317:Jean-Jacques Dessalines
1263:United States of Africa
1997:Black studies scholars
1698:East African Community
1337:Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof
1186:Anti-Western sentiment
597:. 2003. Archived from
478:. 2011. Archived from
275:Ani characterised the
2037:The New School alumni
1603:Frances Cress Welsing
1026:. pp. 427, 434.
949:Philip Higgs (2000).
739:Stephen Howe (1999).
390:The African Aesthetic
256:("spirit life"). The
114:New School University
102:University of Chicago
34:University of Chicago
1785:Black Star of Africa
1738:Pan-African Congress
1688:Conseil de l'Entente
1468:Edward Wilmot Blyden
1392:Abdias do Nascimento
1357:Toussaint Louverture
1110:, I Mix What I Like
1104:, afrocentricite.com
773:Marimba Ani (1994).
601:on September 2, 2000
378:. No. 117-118, 1981.
179:"Marimba Ani speaks"
1972:20th-century births
1838:Conflicts in Africa
1828:Languages of Africa
1802:Pan-African colours
1523:Yosef Ben-Jochannan
1166:African nationalism
482:on October 15, 2014
120:, she served as an
1854:African philosophy
1833:Religion in Africa
1558:Zephania Mothopeng
1508:Amy Ashwood Garvey
1483:John Henrik Clarke
1473:Stokely Carmichael
1458:Molefi Kete Asante
1412:John Nyathi Pokela
1397:Gamal Abdel Nasser
1094:2014-10-15 at the
1054:Molefi Kete Asante
450:Molefi Kete Asante
440:John Henrik Clarke
376:Présence Africaine
356:Présence Africaine
334:Molefi Kete Asante
319:Critical reception
248:("civilisation"),
116:. In 1964, during
1959:
1958:
1951:Africa portal
1791:Le Marron Inconnu
1773:
1772:
1626:
1625:
1422:Ahmed Sékou Touré
1271:
1270:
1191:Black nationalism
1171:African socialism
1074:978-0-231-11477-6
1033:978-0-86543-248-2
999:978-0-252-07701-2
962:978-0-7021-5199-6
891:978-1-876756-24-6
857:978-1-85359-689-6
786:978-0-86543-248-2
752:978-1-85984-228-7
711:978-1-876756-24-6
670:978-1-58684-220-8
636:978-0-7425-2864-2
569:978-0-8077-4235-8
323:Philip Higgs, in
188:
187:
146:Ani's 1994 work,
86:African holocaust
59:
58:
40:Scientific career
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1807:Pan-African flag
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1498:W. E. B. Du Bois
1493:Cheikh Anta Diop
1488:Martin R. Delany
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252:("thought") and
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1327:Muammar Gaddafi
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2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2012:Afrocentrists
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
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1977:Living people
1975:
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1593:Burning Spear
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1387:Robert Mugabe
1385:
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1367:Samora Machel
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1360:
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1352:Jomo Kenyatta
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829:September 17,
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823:9780865432482
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792:September 17,
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591:"mksfaculty2"
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92:Life and work
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67:
66:Dona Richards
63:
54:
48:
44:
41:
37:
31:
27:
20:
1789:
1752:
1578:Paul Robeson
1503:Frantz Fanon
1478:Aimé Césaire
1452:
1347:Modibo KeĂŻta
1292:Dennis Akumu
1255:
1248:
1241:
1176:Afrocentrism
1065:
1049:
1037:. Retrieved
1022:
1020:Ani (1994).
1015:
1003:. Retrieved
988:
966:. Retrieved
951:
929:. Retrieved
914:
912:Ani (1994).
907:
895:. Retrieved
880:
873:
861:. Retrieved
846:
839:
827:. Retrieved
812:
810:Ani (1994).
790:. Retrieved
775:
768:
756:. Retrieved
741:
715:. Retrieved
700:
674:. Retrieved
659:
652:
640:. Retrieved
625:
603:. Retrieved
599:the original
594:
585:
573:. Retrieved
558:
551:
539:. Retrieved
535:crdl.usg.edu
534:
510:. Retrieved
506:crdl.usg.edu
505:
496:
484:. Retrieved
480:the original
475:
430:Afrocentrism
416:
409:
402:
395:
389:
382:
375:
368:
362:
355:
351:
345:Publications
337:
328:
327:, describes
324:
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189:
182:
147:
145:
140:
104:, and holds
95:
77:
65:
61:
60:
49:Anthropology
39:
1640:Educational
1453:Marimba Ani
1377:Thabo Mbeki
1285:Politicians
1237:Black power
1102:Marimba Ani
931:January 19,
156:imperialism
152:colonialism
62:Marimba Ani
23:Marimba Ani
1966:Categories
1553:Ali Mazrui
1463:Steve Biko
1277:Proponents
456:References
336:describes
84:" for the
1661:Political
1543:Malcolm X
1538:Fela Kuti
1382:Tom Mboya
1243:NĂ©gritude
1206:Sankarism
1201:Nkrumaism
1196:Garveyism
313:Americans
289:utamaroho
285:utamawazo
262:utamaroho
258:utamawazo
246:utamaduni
242:utamaroho
238:utamawazo
222:Utamaroho
212:Utamawazo
126:Bob Moses
98:BA degree
1816:Dynamics
1297:Idi Amin
1225:Concepts
1159:Variants
1152:Ideology
1092:Archived
424:See also
68:) is an
1879:Kwanzaa
1847:Related
1778:Symbols
1765:ZANU–PF
1064:, ed.,
1005:July 4,
758:July 4,
717:July 4,
676:July 4,
605:July 4,
575:July 4,
541:July 4,
512:July 4,
486:July 4,
301:slavery
230:Swahili
100:at the
1446:Others
1257:Ujamaa
1250:Ubuntu
1216:Zikism
1072:
1060:", in
1030:
1023:Yurugu
996:
968:4 July
959:
922:
915:Yurugu
897:4 July
888:
863:4 July
854:
820:
813:Yurugu
783:
749:
708:
667:
642:4 July
633:
566:
537:. 2011
508:. 2011
338:Yurugu
329:Yurugu
199:Yurugu
141:Yurugu
78:Yurugu
64:(born
46:Fields
297:Maafa
277:asili
270:asili
266:asili
234:Asili
216:asili
206:Asili
183:asili
160:Dogon
134:Maafa
110:Ph.D.
82:Maafa
1070:ISBN
1041:2011
1028:ISBN
1007:2011
994:ISBN
970:2011
957:ISBN
933:2012
920:ISBN
899:2011
886:ISBN
865:2011
852:ISBN
831:2011
818:ISBN
794:2011
781:ISBN
760:2011
747:ISBN
719:2011
706:ISBN
678:2011
665:ISBN
644:2011
631:ISBN
607:2011
577:2011
564:ISBN
543:2011
514:2011
488:2011
260:and
254:roho
250:wazo
240:and
154:and
122:SNCC
108:and
72:and
1056:, "
303:.
197:In
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