584:
50:
289:, who pressed for a federal system of government. On November 6, 1810, a Supreme Congress of the six provinces was summoned to resolve these differences. Delegates were Andrés Rosillo of El Socorro, Camilo Torres of Pamplona, Ignacio Herrera of Nóvita, León Armero of Mariquita, Manuel Campos of Neiva and Álvarez of Bogotá. Álvarez was named president.
343:. Álvarez refused to submit to the United Provinces or to make a deal with the Tunja opposition or with Bolívar. Bolívar attacked the city, which fell on December 11, 1814. Álvarez turned over power, asking only for guarantees of safety for Spanish and Criollo supporters of the regency. Thereafter he retired to private life.
355:
reconquered the city of Bogotá, and
Morillo set up a tribunal to judge the Criollos who had participated in the insurrection. Álvarez and other members of his extended family were arrested, tried, and sentenced to death. Álvarez's sentence was carried out on September 10, 1816, in Parque de Santander
327:
During this turmoil, a
Spanish force under Juan Sámano invaded the territory from the south. Nariño resigned the dictatorship to take personal control of the defense of the insurgency, leaving his uncle Álvarez in charge of the government (May 14, 1814 - December 12, 1814). Nariño left the capital on
323:
Meanwhile, two generals ordered by Nariño to arrest opponents of his centralist system, instead defected to the federalists. Together with Camilo Torres they attacked Bogotá on
January 9, 1813. The attack was repulsed. On July 16, 1813, the constituent congress, with Álvarez continuing as president,
234:
From 1768 until the Cry of
Independence on July 20, 1810, Álvarez worked for the Spanish administration in Bogotá as an accountant in various departments. Beginning in 1789 he was a member of the city council of Bogotá. On August 11, 1793 his father-in-law, Jorge Miguel Lozano, was arrested and
230:
Also in 1768 he married Josefa Lozano de
Peralta, fourth daughter of the first Marqués de San Jorge. This marriage allied him not only with the Marqués's family, one of the richest in the capital, but also with many other rich and influential families of the colony.
272:
He used these two positions (member of the Junta and editor of the newspaper) to agitate for the release of his nephew, who was still a prisoner in
Cartagena. In spite of much opposition, Nariño was released, and arrived back in the capital on December 8, 1810.
292:
The
Congress assembled on December 22, and on Álvarez' nomination chose Nariño as secretary, but it made little progress in adopting a form of government. It was soon replaced by a constituent congress, which created the State of
260:
At the time of the Cry of
Independence in 1810, Álvarez was a member of the city council, and in that capacity he signed the Declaration of Independence. He became part of the Supreme Governing Junta, presided over by
320:, a federalist congress met. Álvarez was one of two delegates from Cundinamarca. He so ardently defended the centralist positions of his nephew, that the congress ordered both delegates from Cundinamarca imprisoned.
227:
from 1762 to 1768. In the latter year he received a doctorate in theology and humanities and became a professor of civil and ecclesiastical law. He was admitted to practice law before the
Audiencia.
265:, and on July 26 Álvarez signed the document withdrawing recognition from the Council of Regency in Spain. He was named to the treasury section of the Junta, and also began editing the periodical
220:
His sister
Catalina married Vicente Nariño y Vásquez, the accountant for Bogotá. Their son, Antonio Nariño y Alvarez del Casal, is considered the forerunner of Colombian independence.
281:
The Junta was made up of relatives and in-laws of the Marqués de San Jorge, but it exercised control only in the capital of the viceroyalty. An opposition movement developed in
493:
313:
to state their case. Lozano did resign, and Nariño assumed the presidency. Shortly thereafter he became dictator (September 21, 1811 to August 19, 1813).
453:
Uribe-Uran, V. M. (2000). Honorable Lives: Lawyers, Family, and Politics in Colombia, 1780–1850. United States: University of Pittsburgh Press.
316:
Nevertheless, Nariño was unable to consolidate power throughout the viceroyalty. Tunja continued in strong opposition. On October 4, 1812 in
224:
309:Álvarez and Nariño now joined together to defend the centralist system and to press for the resignation of Lozano, using the periodical
1013:
294:
605:
191:
at the time of the independence movement. He occupied several important positions in the rebel government. He was also the uncle of
486:
332:, with the hope of taking Quito, and perhaps even Lima, from the Spanish. However he was soon defeated and taken prisoner himself.
384:
374:
538:
213:
of Bogotá. He arrived in Bogotá with his family in 1736. Manuel was born there a few years later. Born into a aristocratic
479:
1018:
324:
declared Cundinamarca unconditionally independent of Spain and under no sovereignty but that of God and the people.
329:
510:
769:
817:
799:
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528:
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711:
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548:
262:
842:
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937:
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827:
558:
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688:
663:
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533:
195:, forerunner of independence. He served as president of the rebel State of Cundinamarca in 1814.
897:
794:
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912:
887:
668:
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573:
188:
131:
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336:
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94:
857:
466:
1008:
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673:
301:, brother-in-law of Álvarez, as its first president (March 26, 1811 - September 19, 1811).
8:
822:
764:
739:
239:, where he died. The following year his nephew Nariño published a Spanish translation of
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592:
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837:
20:
471:
203:Álvarez' father, Bernardo Álvarez, was a lawyer of the Royal Council of
376:
Honorable Lives: Lawyers, Family, and Politics in Colombia, 1780–1850
180:
809:
135:
119:
24:
282:
183:– September 10, 1816 in Bogotá) was an influential
223:Álvarez studied jurisprudence and the humanities at the
252:
a bureaucratic Dynasty that lasted until the 1810s.
416:Ibañez, Pedro María, "Manuel Bernardo Alvarez", in
995:
339:, this time with the aid of Venezuelan Colonel
61:Governor President of the State of Cundinamarca
31: and the second or maternal family name is
446:Riva, Raimundo, "Manuel Bernardo Alvarez", in
430:. Síntesis biográficas. Bogotá, Minerva, 1951.
487:
304:
207:before he was named prosecutor of the Royal
501:
494:
480:
372:
255:
72:May 14, 1814 – December 12, 1814*
48:
440:. Bogotá, Ministerio de Educación, 1948.
606:Estanislao Vergara y Sanz de Santamaría
346:
276:
996:
475:
539:Felipe de Vergara Azcarate y Caycedo
373:Uribe-Uran, Victor M. (2000-03-15).
335:The federalists now organized a new
177:Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del Casal
42:Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del Casal
351:On May 26, 1816, the Spanish under
13:
448:Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades
418:Boletín de Historia y Antigüedades
14:
1035:
1014:Viceroyalty of New Granada people
457:
582:
379:. University of Pittsburgh Pre.
511:United Provinces of New Granada
428:Gobernantes de La Nueva Granada
366:
337:offensive against Cundinamarca
1:
359:
299:Jorge Tadeo Lozano de Peralta
198:
16:Criollo figure in New Granada
770:Santiago Pérez de Manosalbas
644:Francisco de Paula Santander
621:Francisco de Paula Santander
23:, the first or paternal
7:
164:Deposed by the Federalists.
10:
1040:
828:Manuel Antonio Sanclemente
745:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
735:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
712:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
659:Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera
549:Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez
397:
328:September 21, 1814 on his
263:José Miguel Pey de Andrade
248:Álvarez started with this
156:Josefa del Casal y Freiría
18:
808:
727:United States of Colombia
725:
717:Ignacio Gutierrez Vergara
687:
634:
593:Republic of Gran Colombia
591:
580:
509:
305:The State of Cundinamarca
269:(Warning to the Public).
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109:
104:
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88:
76:
65:
60:
56:
47:
40:
938:Julio César Turbay Ayala
868:Pedro Nel Ospina Vázquez
780:Julián Trujillo Largacha
697:Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
679:Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
529:Antonio Nariño y Álvarez
410:. Bogotá, Antares, 1960.
225:Colegio de San Bartolomé
1019:Politicians from Bogotá
933:Alfonso López Michelsen
928:Misael Pastrana Borrero
918:Guillermo León Valencia
848:Carlos Eugenio Restrepo
843:Ramón González Valencia
790:Francisco Javier Zaldúa
689:Granadine Confederation
649:José Ignacio de Márquez
636:Republic of New Granada
569:Liborio Mejía Gutiérrez
534:Luis de Ayala y Vergara
287:Camilo Torres y Tenorio
256:The Cry of Independence
245:and was also arrested.
963:Andrés Pastrana Arango
923:Carlos Lleras Restrepo
913:Alberto Lleras Camargo
893:Alfonso López Pumarejo
888:Eduardo Santos Montejo
883:Alfonso López Pumarejo
654:Pedro Alcántara Herrán
574:Fernando Serrano Uribe
503:Presidents of Colombia
436:Otero Muñoz, Gustavo,
426:Mendoza Véles, Jorge,
408:El florero de Llorente
285:under the guidance of
948:Virgilio Barco Vargas
908:Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
878:Enrique Olaya Herrera
833:José Manuel Marroquín
564:Antonio Villavicencio
559:José Fernández Madrid
544:Camilo Torres Tenorio
95:Camilo Torres Tenorio
898:Mariano Ospina Pérez
873:Miguel Abadía Méndez
810:Republic of Colombia
795:José Eusebio Otalora
347:Arrest and execution
277:The Supreme Congress
853:José Vicente Concha
823:Miguel Antonio Caro
765:Manuel Murillo Toro
740:Manuel Murillo Toro
707:Juan José Nieto Gil
973:Juan Manuel Santos
943:Belisario Betancur
858:Marco Fidel Suárez
664:José Hilario López
524:Jorge Tadeo Lozano
450:(Aug.-Sept. 1916).
438:Hombres y ciudades
129:September 10, 1816
991:
990:
669:José María Obando
386:978-0-8229-7732-2
330:Southern Campaign
179:(May 21, 1743 in
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173:
132:Santafé de Bogotá
116:Santafé de Bogotá
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760:Eustorgio Salgar
755:Santos Gutiérrez
611:Joaquín Mosquera
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406:Abella, Arturo,
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267:Aviso al Público
105:Personal details
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674:José María Melo
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626:Domingo Caycedo
616:Rafael Urdaneta
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554:Joaquin Camacho
519:José Miguel Pey
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467:Short biography
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1024:Álvarez family
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838:Rafael Reyes
818:Rafael Núñez
800:Rafael Núñez
785:Rafael Núñez
464:(in Spanish)
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420:(Aug. 1903).
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295:Cundinamarca
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113:May 21, 1743
90:Succeeded by
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21:Spanish name
1009:1816 deaths
1004:1743 births
356:in Bogotá.
311:La Bagatela
189:New Granada
78:Preceded by
998:Categories
978:Iván Duque
360:References
199:Background
187:figure in
146:Centralist
237:Cartagena
210:Audiencia
68:In office
33:del Casal
136:Colombia
120:Colombia
19:In this
398:Sources
205:Castile
185:Criollo
29:Álvarez
25:surname
383:
250:family
215:family
181:Bogotá
152:Spouse
297:with
283:Tunja
381:ISBN
126:Died
110:Born
27:is
1000::
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134:,
118:,
495:e
488:t
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35:.
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